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Jang HY, Kim MJ, Jeong JY, Hwang IM, Lee JH. Exploring the influence of garlic on microbial diversity and metabolite dynamics during kimchi fermentation. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24919. [PMID: 38312694 PMCID: PMC10835354 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Garlic (Allium sativum) is a key ingredient in Korean cuisine, particularly in the preparation of kimchi, contributing to its flavor and taste. Garlic has been a potential resource for lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in kimchi. However, the mechanism by which it influences microbial diversity and metabolite production is unclear. This study investigated the effect of garlic on the bacterial composition of and metabolite changes in kimchi. To achieve this, four separate batches of kimchi were prepared with varying garlic concentrations (w/w): 0 %, 1 %, 2 %, and 4 %, and the bacterial communities and metabolite production were monitored. In the early stages of fermentation, the count of LAB, operational taxonomic units (OTUs), and Shannon index increased linearly with the increase in garlic content. This indicated that garlic is a rich resource and contributes to the diversity of LAB during kimchi fermentation. Compared with the kimchi samples with a lower garlic content, those with a high garlic content (≥2 %) exhibited increased abundance of Lactobacillus and Leuconostoc as well as noticeable differences in functional diversity, including carbohydrate, amino acid, and energy metabolisms. Correlation analysis between sugars, organic acids, and predominant LAB in the garlic-containing kimchi samples suggested that in kimchi samples with high garlic content, LAB played a significant role in the fermentation process by metabolizing sugars and producing organic acids. Overall, this study demonstrated that the addition of garlic has a positive impact on the bacterial diversity and metabolite production during kimchi fermentation, potentially affecting the fermentation process and flavor profile of kimchi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha-Young Jang
- Fermentation Regulation Research Group, Technology Innovation Research Division, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju 61755, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Ji Kim
- Fermentation Regulation Research Group, Technology Innovation Research Division, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju 61755, Republic of Korea
- Division of Food and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Young Jeong
- Fermentation Regulation Research Group, Technology Innovation Research Division, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju 61755, Republic of Korea
| | - In Min Hwang
- Fermentation Regulation Research Group, Technology Innovation Research Division, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju 61755, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hee Lee
- Fermentation Regulation Research Group, Technology Innovation Research Division, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju 61755, Republic of Korea
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Hwang IM, Jeong JY, Park B, Choi JY, Khan N, Jamila N, Yoon BR, Kim JS. Quantification and health risk assessment of ochratoxin A in dried fruit, spices, and coffee. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2023; 40:1275-1284. [PMID: 37607248 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2023.2245055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a stable toxin produced by fungal strains of Aspergillus and Penicillium. It is commonly found in a variety of food products, including dried fruit, coffee, and spices, raising concerns about their safety. This study was aimed to quantify OTA levels in different food products using HPLC with fluorescence detection. The pre-treatment process was optimised by employing immunoaffinity columns with Tween 20 to effectively remove interfering substances. An analytical method was developed, validated, and applied for OTA analysis in dried fruit, spices, and coffee samples. The validation procedure included determining detection and quantification limits, linearity, precision, and accuracy, as per the criteria specified by AOAC International. The validated method was successfully applied for OTA analysis in the selected food samples. Furthermore, health risk assessment was conducted based on the average intake and body weight of the Korean population. From the results, concentrations of OTA in the samples were found to be very low and therefore concluded not to pose significant threats to consumer health.
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Affiliation(s)
- In Min Hwang
- Fermentation Regulation Research Group, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Young Jeong
- Fermentation Regulation Research Group, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Boyeon Park
- Fermentation Regulation Research Group, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Choi
- Food Analysis Research Center, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, Republic of Korea
| | - Naeem Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Nargis Jamila
- Department of Chemistry, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University, Peshawar Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Bo Ryun Yoon
- KOTITI Testing & Research Institute, Gyeonggi do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Sung Kim
- KOTITI Testing & Research Institute, Gyeonggi do, Republic of Korea
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Hwang IM, Jung S, Jeong JY, Kim MJ, Jang HY, Lee JH. Elemental Analysis of Kimchi Cabbage Leaves, Roots, and Soil and Its Potential Impact on Human Health. ACS Omega 2023; 8:20892-20899. [PMID: 37323378 PMCID: PMC10268290 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In view of their rich mineral content and flavor, kimchi cabbage leaves and roots have high nutritional and medicinal values. In this study, we quantified major nutrient (Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Na, and Zn), trace (B, Be, Bi, Co, Ga, Li, Ni, Se, Sr, V, and Cr), and toxic (Pb, Cd, Tl, and In) elements in kimchi cabbage cultivation soil, leaves, and roots. The analysis method relied on inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry for major nutrient elements and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry for trace and toxic elements and complied with the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) guidelines. Kimchi cabbage leaves and roots featured high contents of K, B, and Be, while the contents of all toxic elements in all samples were below the WHO-stipulated threshold values and therefore did not pose any health risks. The distribution of elements was characterized by heat map analysis and linear discriminant analysis to reveal independent separation according to the content of each element. The analysis confirmed that there was a difference in content between the groups and that each group was independently distributed. This study may contribute to a better understanding of the complex relationships between plant physiology, cultivation condition, and human health.
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Islam MA, Jeong JY, Hossain MS, Tarek H, Khan N, Jamila N, Kim KS. Analysis of Piper betle L. Leaves from Bangladesh for Polyphenolics by Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction (UAE) and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) Together with the Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Cytotoxic Activities. ANAL LETT 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2023.2186423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Md Atikul Islam
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh
| | - Ji Young Jeong
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Selim Hossain
- Department of Biomedical Science, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hasan Tarek
- Department of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Naeem Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Kohat University of Science & Technology, Kohat, Pakistan
| | - Nargis Jamila
- Department of Chemistry, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Kyong Su Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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Jeong JY, Bae M, Kim MJ, Jang HY, Jung S, Lee JH, Hwang IM. Rapid Quantitative Analysis of Metabolites in Kimchi Using LC-Q-Orbitrap MS. ACS Omega 2023; 8:3896-3904. [PMID: 36743029 PMCID: PMC9893261 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c06303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Kimchi is a traditional Korean salted spontaneous lactic acid bacteria (LAB)-fermented food made using various vegetables. Organic acids, free sugars, and amino acids are key metabolites produced during LAB fermentation that determine the taste and quality of kimchi. However, each metabolite is typically analyzed using an independent analytical method, which is time-consuming and expensive. Therefore, in this study, we developed a method based on LC-Q-Orbitrap MS using which 20 types of representative fermented kimchi metabolites were selected and simultaneously analyzed within 10 min. The established method was validated, and its detection and quantification limits, linearity, precision, and accuracy were found to satisfy the Association of Official Agricultural Chemists (AOAC) validation guidelines. The 20 metabolites were simultaneously extracted from kimchi with different degrees of fermentation and quantitatively analyzed using LC-Q-Orbitrap MS. These results were analyzed using linear discriminant analysis and heat mapping, and the metabolites were grouped into early, middle, and late stages of fermentation. Malic acid (6.518-7.701 mMol) was only present in the initial stage of fermentation, and l-phenylalanine rapidly increased from the middle stage (2.180 mMol) to late stage (4.770 mMol). Lactic acid, which is representative of the sour taste of kimchi, was detected in the middle stage and increased rapidly up to 74.452 mMol in the late stage. In summary, in this study, 20 major kimchi metabolites were accurately analyzed within 10 min and grouped based on the degree of fermentation. Therefore, the method established in this study accurately and rapidly provides information on kimchi consumption and fermentation that could be highly valuable to the kimchi industry and kimchi consumers.
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Atikul Islam M, Young Jeong J, Kim EJ, Khan N, Jamila N, Kim KS. Multielemental Characterization of Chicken Breasts from Conventional and Sustainable Farms by Inductively Coupled Plasma – Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES) and Inductively Coupled Plasma – Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). ANAL LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2022.2101058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Md Atikul Islam
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh
| | - Ji Young Jeong
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ju Kim
- International Life Science Institute Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Naeem Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Kohat University of Science & Technology, Kohat, Pakistan
| | - Nargis Jamila
- Department of Chemistry, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Kyong Su Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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Young Jeong J, Atikul Islam M, Khan N, Jamila N, Hong JH, Kim KS. Simultaneous Distillation Extraction (SDE) and Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction (HS-SPME) for the Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) by Gas Chromatography – Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) in Perilla Frutescens Foliage from South Korea. ANAL LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2021.2018451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Young Jeong
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Md. Atikul Islam
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh
| | - Naeem Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Kohat University of Science & Technology, Kohat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Nargis Jamila
- Department of Chemistry, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Joon Ho Hong
- Nanobio Research Center, Jeonnam Bioindustry Foundation (JBF), Jeollanam-do, South Korea
| | - Kyong Su Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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Young Jeong J, Atikul Islam M, Hong JH, Hyeon Son J, Yeon Song O, Khan N, Jamila N, Kim KS. Determination of Bioactive Markers for the Discrimination of Syneilesis palmata and Paris verticillata by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) with Diode Array Detection (DAD) and Ion Trap Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (IT-TOF-MS). ANAL LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2021.1878527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Young Jeong
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Atikul Islam
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh
| | - Joon Ho Hong
- Nanobio Research Center, Jeonnam Bioindustry Foundation (JBF), Jangsung-gun, Jeollanam-do, South Korea
| | - Ji Hyeon Son
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ok Yeon Song
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Naeem Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Kohat University of Science & Technology, Kohat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Nargis Jamila
- Department of Chemistry, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Kyong Su Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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Son JH, Islam MA, Hong JH, Jeong JY, Song OY, Kim HE, Khan N, Jamila N, Kim KS. Extraction of volatile organic compounds from leaves of Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. and Artemisia annua L. by headspace-solid phase micro extraction and simultaneous distillation extraction and analysis by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Food Sci Biotechnol 2021; 30:355-366. [PMID: 33868746 PMCID: PMC8017052 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-020-00875-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to analyze the volatile organic compounds in the leaves of Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. and Artemisia annua L. from Korea. For extraction of volatile compounds, headspace-solid phase micro extraction (HS-SPME) and simultaneous distillation extraction (SDE) were applied and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). From the results, SDE extraction was found to give the highest concentration of volatile compounds with an average concentration of 1,237.79 mg/kg for A. annua L. leaves compared to 1,122.73 mg/kg by HS-SPME technique. A total of 116 volatile organic compounds were identified, including 76 similar volatile organic compounds detected by both the methods of extraction in leaves of subject species at varying concentrations. Among these 33 volatile organic compounds were reported for the first time from the subject plant species. Thus the present research findings extend the characterization of volatile organic compounds from leaves of A. annua L. and A. artemisiifolia L. species and reported some distinguishing compounds which may be used for their discrimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hyeon Son
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452 Republic of Korea
| | - Md Atikul Islam
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452 Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, 5200 Bangladesh
| | - Joon Ho Hong
- Nanobio Research Center, Jeonnam Bioindustry Foundation (JBF), Jeollanam-do, 57248 Jangsung-gun, South Korea
| | - Ji Young Jeong
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452 Republic of Korea
| | - Ok Yeon Song
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452 Republic of Korea
| | - Hui Eun Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452 Republic of Korea
| | - Naeem Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, 26000 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
| | - Nargis Jamila
- Department of Chemistry, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University, Peshawar, 25000 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
| | - Kyong Su Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452 Republic of Korea
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Song OY, Islam MA, Son JH, Jeong JY, Kim HE, Yeon LS, Khan N, Jamila N, Kim KS. Elemental composition of pork meat from conventional and animal welfare farms by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and ICP-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and their authentication via multivariate chemometric analysis. Meat Sci 2020; 172:108344. [PMID: 33096429 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2020.108344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The demand of consumers from around the world for natural, nutritional and palatable pork meat is increasing with time. This study analyzed macro (Ca, K, Mg, Na, P), micro (Fe, Zn, Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Se, Sr, Cs), trace (Li, Be, V, Co, Ga, Ba, U), and toxic trace (As, Cd, TI, and Pb) elements of pork meat from conventional and animal welfare farms in South Korea. Among the elements analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission, and mass spectrometric (ICP-OES, ICP-MS) techniques, K, Fe, Mn, and Ni content were higher in animal welfare pork meat. The trace and toxic trace elements content were lower than the standard values. The principal component and linear discriminant analyses (PCA, LDA) explained the highest variance (99.82%, 99.00%) of the group based on toxic elements. These findings can thus be used to evaluate animal welfare and conventional farms pork meat quality in South Korea as well as worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ok Yeon Song
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Atikul Islam
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea; Department of Chemistry, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh
| | - Ji Hyeon Son
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Young Jeong
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Hui Eun Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Lee Seung Yeon
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Naeem Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Kohat University of Science & Technology, Kohat 26000, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Nargis Jamila
- Department of Chemistry, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University, Peshawar 25000, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Kyong Su Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea.
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Atikul Islam M, Hwang IM, Khan N, Yeon Song O, Young Jeong J, Hyeon Son J, Jamila N, Kim KS. Authentication of Leaves and Petioles of Piper betle L. Varieties via Elemental Composition and Multivariate Chemometric Analysis. ANAL LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2020.1825465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Md Atikul Islam
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh
| | - In Min Hwang
- Hygienic and Safety Analysis Center, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Naeem Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Kohat University of Science & Technology, Kohat, Pakistan
| | - Ok Yeon Song
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Young Jeong
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyeon Son
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Nargis Jamila
- Department of Chemistry, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Kyong Su Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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Islam MA, Ryu KY, Khan N, Song OY, Jeong JY, Son JH, Jamila N, Kim KS. Determination of the Volatile Compounds in Five Varieties of Piper betle L. from Bangladesh Using Simultaneous Distillation Extraction and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (SDE-GC/MS). ANAL LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2020.1744160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Md Atikul Islam
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh
| | - Keun Young Ryu
- Health and Environment Research Institute of Gwangju, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Naeem Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Kohat University of Science & Technology, Kohat, Pakistan
| | - Ok Yeon Song
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Young Jeong
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyeon Son
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Nargis Jamila
- Department of Chemistry, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Kyong Su Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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Abstract
Changes in bone metabolism among gastric cancer survivors have long been recognized. The aim of our study was to clarify the changes of bone mineral density (BMD) among gastric cancer survivors who underwent endoscopic resection or gastrectomy. Forty-nine patients diagnosed with tumor, node, and metastasis (TNM) stage 1 gastric cancer with pathologic confirmation, who underwent BMD measurement just before the procedure, and had no prior osteoporosis treatment, were studied. BMD was measured with dual energy x-ray absorptiometry before and after treatment. Laboratory tests were performed using fresh serum, and serum levels of alkaline phosphatase, albumin, calcium, and phosphorus were measured. We used a nested case-control design to compare groups. Of the 49 patients, 34 underwent gastrectomy and 15 underwent endoscopic treatment. There were no differences in baseline clinical characteristics, including BMD, and biochemical data between groups. The mean and median follow-up intervals for BMD measurement were 32.6 months (standard deviation, 16.5) and 31.0 months (interquartile range: 21.5, 41.0), respectively. The follow-up BMDs of the femoral neck and total hip were lower in the gastrectomy group (P = .010 and .011, respectively). The percentage changes in BMD for the lumbar spine, femoral neck, and total hip were -3.30%, -1.52%, and 0.40%, respectively, in the endoscopic treatment group, and -7.17%, -6.30%, and -3.49%, respectively, in the gastrectomy group. Bone loss of the lumbar spine and femoral neck were greater in the gastrectomy group (P = .028 and .022, respectively). BMD is lower after gastrectomy than after endoscopic treatment among early stage gastric cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Mi Noh
- Department of Family Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang
| | - Jun-Hyun Yoo
- Department of Family Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul
| | - Ji Young Jeong
- Department of Family Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul
| | - Yong Soon Park
- Department of Family Medicine, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
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Na KR, Choi H, Jeong JY, Lee KW, Chang YK, Choi DE. Nafamostat Mesilate Attenuates Ischemia-Reperfusion-Induced Renal Injury. Transplant Proc 2017; 48:2192-9. [PMID: 27569970 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2016.03.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been reported that nafamostat mesilate (NM) inhibits inflammatory injury via inhibition of complement activation in ischemic heart, liver, and intestine. However, it is unclear if NM also inhibits apoptosis in ischemia-reperfusion (IR)-injured kidney. We therefore investigated whether NM attenuates IR renal injury that involves inhibition of apoptosis. METHODS HK-2 cells and male C57BL/6 mice were used for this study. C57Bl/6 mice were divided into 4 groups: sham, NM (2 mg/kg) + sham, IR injury (IR injury; reperfusion 27 minutes after clamping of both the renal artery and vein), and NM + IR injury. Kidneys were harvested 24 hours after IR injury, and functional and molecular parameters were evaluated. For in vitro studies, HK-2 cells were incubated for 6 hours with mineral paraffin oil to induce hypoxic injury, and then treated with various doses of NM to evaluate the antiapoptotic effects. RESULTS Blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine levels, and renal tissue injury scores in NM + IR-injured mice were significantly lower than those of control IR mice (all P < .01). NM significantly improved cell survival in hypoxic HK-2 cells (P < .01), significantly decreased renal Bax expression (P < .05), and increased renal Bcl-2 protein levels in IR kidneys and hypoxic HK-2 cells compared with those of the sham and control groups. The numbers of terminal deoxynucleotide transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling- and 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine-positive cells were significantly lower in NM + IR-injured kidneys compared with those in control IR-injured mice (P < .05); NM treatment decreased the expression of inducible and endothelial nitric oxide synthase in IR-injured mice (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS NM ameliorates IR renal injury via inhibition of apoptosis by, at least in part, lowering nitric oxide overproduction, reducing Bax, and increasing Bcl-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- K-R Na
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - H Choi
- Clinical Research Institute, Daejeon St Mary Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
| | - J Y Jeong
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea; Department of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - K W Lee
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Y-K Chang
- Department of Nephrology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea; Department of Nephrology, Daejeon St Mary Hospital, Daejeon, Korea.
| | - D E Choi
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea.
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Lee SJ, Chae YS, Kwon TJ, Chung JH, Lee J, Jung JH, Kim WW, Park HY, Jeong JY, Park SH, Park S. Abstract P4-09-21: Dual expression of aquaporin 3 and 5 in patients with early breast cancer. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs15-p4-09-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: We reported separately that AQP5 or AQP3 expression in tumor tissue may predict survival after surgery for the specific types of early breast cancer (EBC). However, there is no definitive evidence for the role of dual expression of the two AQPs. Therefore, the current study focused the association and its prognostic impact of their tumoral expressions in the same patients.
Patients and Methods: AQP3 and AQP5 expressions were investigated on the basis of the immunohistochemistry of tissue microarray specimens from 447 EBC patients who underwent surgery between 2003 and 2008 as described in previous studies. Patients were divided into 4 subgroups based on AQP3 and AQP5 expressions: group1 for (-/-), group2 for (-/+), group 3 for (+/-), and group 4 for (+/+), respectively.
Results: Among 477 patients, the number of patients for each group was as follows: group 1 (n=193, 43.2%), group 2 (n=74, 16.6%), group3 (n=110, 24.6%) and group 4 (n=70, 15.7%), respectively. In the current study a positive correlation was identified between AQP3 and 5 expressions (P=0.017 by a χ2- test) in particular for HER2- overexpressing and ER-positive tumors (P=0.009 and 0.044, respectively). Multivariate survival analysis showed that dual expression of AQP3 and AQP5 was a negative prognostic factor for relapse-free or distant disease-free survival for patients with HER2-overexpressing EBC (HR=3.107 and 3.683; P=0.043 and 0.027, respectively), statistically more prominent compared in case with AQP3 expression alone (HR=3.137 and 2.784; P=0.036 and 0.070, respectively).
Conclusion: Dual expression of AQP3 and AQP5 in tumor tissue may be considered as a potential prognostic marker in patients with HER2-overexpressing EBC after curative surgery.
Citation Format: Lee SJ, Chae YS, Kwon TJ, Chung JH, Lee J, Jung JH, Kim WW, Park HY, Jeong JY, Park S-H, Park S. Dual expression of aquaporin 3 and 5 in patients with early breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-09-21.
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Affiliation(s)
- SJ Lee
- Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Daegu, Korea; Kyungpook National University Medical Center
| | - YS Chae
- Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Daegu, Korea; Kyungpook National University Medical Center
| | - TJ Kwon
- Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Daegu, Korea; Kyungpook National University Medical Center
| | - JH Chung
- Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Daegu, Korea; Kyungpook National University Medical Center
| | - J Lee
- Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Daegu, Korea; Kyungpook National University Medical Center
| | - JH Jung
- Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Daegu, Korea; Kyungpook National University Medical Center
| | - WW Kim
- Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Daegu, Korea; Kyungpook National University Medical Center
| | - HY Park
- Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Daegu, Korea; Kyungpook National University Medical Center
| | - JY Jeong
- Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Daegu, Korea; Kyungpook National University Medical Center
| | - S-H Park
- Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Daegu, Korea; Kyungpook National University Medical Center
| | - S Park
- Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Daegu, Korea; Kyungpook National University Medical Center
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Kim HJ, Seo JT, Kim KJ, Ahn H, Jeong JY, Kim JH, Song SH, Jung JH. Clinical significance of subclinical varicocelectomy in male infertility: systematic review and meta-analysis. Andrologia 2015; 48:654-61. [PMID: 26589369 DOI: 10.1111/and.12495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent meta-analysis by the Cochrane collaboration concluded that treatment of varicocele may improve an infertile couple's chance of pregnancy. However, there has been no consensus on the management of subclinical varicocele. Therefore, we determine the impact of varicocele treatment on semen parameters and pregnancy rate in men with subclinical varicocele. The randomised controlled trials that assessed the presence and/or treatment of subclinical varicocele were included for systematic review and meta-analysis. Random effect model was used to calculate the weighted mean difference of semen parameters and odds ratio of pregnancy rates. Seven trials with 548 participants, 276 in subclinical varicocelectomy and 272 in no-treatment or clomiphene citrate subjects, were included. Although there was also no statistically significant difference in pregnancy rate (OR 1.29, 95% CI 0.99-1.67), surgical treatment resulted in statistically significant improvements on forward progressive sperm motility (MD 3.94, 95% CI 1.24-6.65). However, the evidence is not enough to allow final conclusions because the quality of included studies is very low and further research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Kim
- Institute for Evidence-based Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - J T Seo
- Department of Urology, Cheil General Hospital, Dankook University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - K J Kim
- Department of Urology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - H Ahn
- Institute for Evidence-based Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - J Y Jeong
- Center for Health Promotion, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J H Kim
- Department of Urology, Mizmedi Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - S H Song
- Department of Urology, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University, Seoul, Korea
| | - J H Jung
- Department of Urology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
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Chung GH, Jeong JY, Kwak HS, Hwang SB. Associations between Cerebral Embolism and Carotid Intraplaque Hemorrhage during Protected Carotid Artery Stenting. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2015; 37:686-91. [PMID: 26542236 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a4576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Carotid artery stent placement in patients with intraplaque hemorrhage remains controversial because of the incidence of cerebral embolism after the procedure. The purpose of this study is to determine if intraplaque hemorrhage is a significant risk factor for cerebral embolism during carotid artery stent placement. MATERIALS AND METHODS This prospective study assessed 94 consecutive patients with severe carotid stenosis. These patients underwent preprocedural carotid MR imaging and postprocedural DWI after carotid artery stent placement. Intraplaque hemorrhage was defined as the presence of high signal intensity within the carotid plaque that was >200% of the signal from the adjacent muscle on MPRAGE. We then analyzed the incidence of postprocedural ipsilateral ischemic events on DWI and primary outcomes within 30 days of carotid artery stent placement. RESULTS Forty-three patients (45.7%) had intraplaque hemorrhage on an MPRAGE image. There was no significant difference in the incidence of postprocedural ipsilateral ischemic events and primary outcomes between the intraplaque hemorrhage and non-intraplaque hemorrhage group. However, postprocedural ipsilateral ischemic events were more frequently observed in the symptomatic group (17/41 [41.5%]) than in the asymptomatic group (8/53 [15.1%]; P = .005). CONCLUSIONS Intraplaque hemorrhage was not a significant risk factor for cerebral embolism during carotid artery stent placement in patients with severe carotid stenosis. Symptomatic patients should receive more careful treatment during carotid artery stent placement because of the higher risk of postprocedural ipsilateral ischemic events.
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Affiliation(s)
- G H Chung
- From the Radiology and Research Institute, Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - J Y Jeong
- From the Radiology and Research Institute, Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - H S Kwak
- From the Radiology and Research Institute, Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea.
| | - S B Hwang
- From the Radiology and Research Institute, Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
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Jeong JY, Son Y, Kim BY, Eo SK, Rhim BY, Kim K. Multiple Signaling Pathways Contribute to the Thrombin-induced Secretory Phenotype in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. Korean J Physiol Pharmacol 2015; 19:549-55. [PMID: 26557022 PMCID: PMC4637358 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2015.19.6.549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Revised: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 10/29/2022]
Abstract
We attempted to investigate molecular mechanisms underlying phenotypic change of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) by determining signaling molecules involved in chemokine production. Treatment of human aortic smooth muscle cells (HAoSMCs) with thrombin resulted not only in elevated transcription of the (C-C motif) ligand 11 (CCL11) gene but also in enhanced secretion of CCL11 protein. Co-treatment of HAoSMCs with GF109230X, an inhibitor of protein kinase C, or GW5074, an inhibitor of Raf-1 kinase, caused inhibition of ERK1/2 phosphorylation and significantly attenuated expression of CCL11 at transcriptional and protein levels induced by thrombin. Both Akt phosphorylation and CCL11 expression induced by thrombin were attenuated in the presence of pertussis toxin (PTX), an inhibitor of Gi protein-coupled receptor, or LY294002, a PI3K inhibitor. In addition, thrombin-induced production of CCL11 was significantly attenuated by pharmacological inhibition of Akt or MEK which phosphorylates ERK1/2. These results indicate that thrombin is likely to promote expression of CCL11 via PKC/Raf-1/ERK1/2 and PTX-sensitive protease-activated receptors/PI3K/Akt pathways in HAoSMCs. We propose that multiple signaling pathways are involved in change of VSMCs to a secretory phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Young Jeong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Younghae Son
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Bo-Young Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Seong-Kug Eo
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea
| | - Byung-Yong Rhim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Koanhoi Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
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19
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Lee SY, Choi JE, Jeon HS, Hong MJ, Choi YY, Kang HG, Yoo SS, Lee EB, Jeong JY, Lee WK, Lee J, Cha SI, Kim CH, Kim YT, Jheon S, Son JW, Park JY. A genetic variation in microRNA target site of KRT81 gene is associated with survival in early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer. Ann Oncol 2015; 26:1142-1148. [PMID: 25716425 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have a key role in carcinogenesis through negative regulation of their target genes. Therefore, genetic variations in miRNAs or their target sites may affect miRNA-mRNA interactions, thereby result in altered expression of target genes. This study was conducted to investigate the associations between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) located in the miRNA target sites (poly-miRTSs) and survival of patients with early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS Using public SNP database and miRNA target sites prediction program, 354 poly-miRTSs were selected for genotyping. Among these, 154 SNPs applicable to Sequenom's MassARRAY platform were investigated in 357 patients. A replication study was carried out on an independent patient population (n = 479). Renilla luciferase assay and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction were conducted to examine functional relevance of potentially functional poly-miRTSs. RESULTS Of the 154 SNPs analyzed in a discovery set, 14 SNPs were significantly associated with survival outcomes. Among these, KRT81 rs3660G>C was found to be associated with survival outcomes in the validation cohort. In the combined analysis, patients with the rs3660 GC + CC genotype had a significantly better overall survival compared with those with GG genotype [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) for OS, 0.65; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.50-0.85; P = 0.001]. An increased expression of the reporter gene for the C allele of rs3660 compared with the G allele was observed by luciferase assay. Consistently, the C allele was associated with higher relative expression level of KRT81 in tumor tissues. CONCLUSION The rs3660G>C affects KRT81 expression and thus influences survival in early-stage NSCLC. The analysis of the rs3660G>C polymorphism may be useful to identify patients at high risk of a poor disease outcome.
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MESH Headings
- 3' Untranslated Regions
- Aged
- Binding Sites
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/genetics
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/mortality
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/pathology
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/therapy
- Computational Biology
- Databases, Genetic
- Female
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Gene Frequency
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease
- HEK293 Cells
- Humans
- Kaplan-Meier Estimate
- Keratins, Hair-Specific/genetics
- Keratins, Hair-Specific/metabolism
- Keratins, Type II/genetics
- Keratins, Type II/metabolism
- Lung Neoplasms/genetics
- Lung Neoplasms/metabolism
- Lung Neoplasms/mortality
- Lung Neoplasms/pathology
- Lung Neoplasms/therapy
- Male
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasm Staging
- Phenotype
- Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
- Proportional Hazards Models
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Risk Factors
- Time Factors
- Transfection
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Lee
- Lung Cancer Center, Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Daegu; Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu
| | - J E Choi
- Lung Cancer Center, Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Daegu; Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, School of Medicine.
| | - H S Jeon
- The Molecular Diagnostics & Imaging Research Institute
| | - M J Hong
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, School of Medicine
| | - Y Y Choi
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, School of Medicine
| | - H G Kang
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, School of Medicine
| | - S S Yoo
- Lung Cancer Center, Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Daegu; Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu
| | - E B Lee
- Departments of Thoracic Surgery
| | | | - W K Lee
- Biostatistics Center, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu
| | - J Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu
| | - S I Cha
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu
| | - C H Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu
| | - Y T Kim
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University School of Medicine, Seoul
| | - S Jheon
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University School of Medicine, Seoul
| | - J W Son
- Department of Internal Medicine, Konyang University Hospital, Daejeon
| | - J Y Park
- Lung Cancer Center, Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Daegu; Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu; Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, School of Medicine; BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Department of Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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20
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Hur SJ, Jeong TC, Kim GD, Jeong JY, Cho IC, Lim HT, Kim BW, Joo ST. Comparison of live performance and meat quality parameter of cross bred (korean native black pig and landrace) pigs with different coat colors. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2014; 26:1047-53. [PMID: 25049884 PMCID: PMC4093497 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2013.13005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2013] [Revised: 04/02/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Five hundred and forty crossbred (Korean native black pig×Landrace) F2 were selected at a commercial pig farm and then divided into six different coat color groups: (A: Black, B: White, C: Red, D: White spot in black, E: Black spot in white, F: Black spot in red). Birth weight, 21st d weight, 140th d weight and carcass weight varied among the different coat color groups. D group (white spot in black coat) showed a significantly higher body weight at each weigh (birth weight, 140th d weight and carcass weight) than did the other groups, whereas the C group (red coat color) showed a significantly lower body weight at finishing stage (140th d weight and carcass weight) compared to other groups. Meat quality characteristics, shear force, cooking loss and meat color were not significantly different among the different coat color groups, whereas drip loss was significantly higher in F than in other groups. Most blood characteristics were not significantly different among the different groups, except for the red blood cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Hur
- Department of Bioresources and Food Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea
| | - T C Jeong
- Department of Bioresources and Food Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea
| | - G D Kim
- Department of Bioresources and Food Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea
| | - J Y Jeong
- Department of Bioresources and Food Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea
| | - I C Cho
- Department of Bioresources and Food Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea
| | - H T Lim
- Department of Bioresources and Food Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea
| | - B W Kim
- Department of Bioresources and Food Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea
| | - S T Joo
- Department of Bioresources and Food Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea
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Ahn D, Sohn JH, Jeon JH, Jeong JY. Clinical impact of microscopic extrathyroidal extension in patients with papillary thyroid microcarcinoma treated with hemithyroidectomy. J Endocrinol Invest 2014; 37:167-73. [PMID: 24497215 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-013-0025-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2013] [Accepted: 11/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pathologically confirmed microscopic extrathyroidal extension (ETE) is often identified after hemithyroidectomy in patients with papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC). Without the presence of microscopic ETE, these patients would be optimal candidates for hemithyroidectomy. AIM The present study aimed at evaluating the clinical impact of microscopic ETE on the recurrence of PTMC treated with hemithyroidectomy. SUBJECTS AND METHODS We compared the clinicopathological characteristics and 5-year outcomes for 262 PTMC patients without ETE and 86 with microscopic ETE who were treated with hemithyroidectomy between January 2004 and December 2010. RESULTS The mean tumour size was larger (0.67 vs. 0.54 cm, p < 0.001) and the proportion of tumours measuring ≥0.5 cm was higher (84.9 vs. 66.8 %, p = 0.001) in patients with microscopic ETE as compared with patients without ETE. Occult multifocal disease was more frequent in patients with microscopic ETE than in those without ETE (14.0 vs. 6.5 %, p = 0.030). However, the recurrence rate was not different between the two groups during the mean 55.8-month follow-up period. In addition, univariate and multivariate analyses revealed no meaningful association between recurrence and microscopic ETE in patients with PTMC treated with hemithyroidectomy. CONCLUSIONS Although microscopic ETE was associated with large tumour size and multifocal disease, its clinical impact on disease recurrence was not significant in PTMC patients treated with hemithyroidectomy. Therefore, microscopic ETE identified after hemithyroidectomy would not be an absolute indication for completion thyroidectomy in patients with PTMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ahn
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
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22
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Lee SJ, Chae YS, Park HY, Jung JH, Kim WW, Park JY, Jeong JY. Abstract P6-05-24: Expression of aquaporin 5 and its polymorphisms predict survival in patients with early breast cancer. Cancer Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs13-p6-05-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background. Our previous study showed the association of AQP5 up-regulation with cancer proliferation and migration in hormone-responsive breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7) and with unfavorable prognosis in a small number of patients with breast cancer. Accordingly, we analyzed the prognostic impact of AQP5 expression and polymorphisms in a large number of patients with early breast cancer (EBC).
Methods. AQP5 expression was investigated based on the immunohistochemistry of tissue microarray specimens from 609 EBC patients who underwent surgery between 2003 and 2008. We scored the staining intensity (IS) and percentage of positive tumor cells (PC). The genomic DNA was extracted from paraffin-embedded tumor-free tissue and then genotyped for 3 polymorphisms (rs3736309, rs1964676, and rs74091167) using the Sequenom Mass array system.
Results. Among the 3 polymorphisms, AQP5 overexpression (IS + PC ≥6) was correlated with AQP5 rs74091167 GG genotype. AQP5 overexpression and AQP5 rs74091167 was significantly associated with disease-free survival (DFS; P < 0.001 and P = 0.021, respectively). Moreover, a multivariate survival analysis revealed that AQP5 overexpression and the GG genotype of AQP5 rs74091167 were significantly associated with DFS (HR = 2.026, 95% CI 1.058-3.881, P = 0.030; HR = 0.377, 95% CI 0.179-0.793, P = 0.010, respectively) adjusted to clinicopathological variables, which was prominent in patients with an ER/PgR-positive tumor.
Conclusions. Consistent with our previous study of breast cancer cell lines, AQP5 expression and AQP5 rs74091167 variant can be considered as a prognostic marker in patients with EBC after curative surgery. In the future, functional relevance of this variant needs to be clarified.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P6-05-24.
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Affiliation(s)
- SJ Lee
- Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Daegu, Korea; Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Daegu; Kyungpook National University Medical Center
| | - YS Chae
- Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Daegu, Korea; Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Daegu; Kyungpook National University Medical Center
| | - HY Park
- Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Daegu, Korea; Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Daegu; Kyungpook National University Medical Center
| | - JH Jung
- Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Daegu, Korea; Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Daegu; Kyungpook National University Medical Center
| | - WW Kim
- Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Daegu, Korea; Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Daegu; Kyungpook National University Medical Center
| | - J-Y Park
- Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Daegu, Korea; Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Daegu; Kyungpook National University Medical Center
| | - JY Jeong
- Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Daegu, Korea; Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Daegu; Kyungpook National University Medical Center
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Jeong JY, Kim JS, Nguyen TH, Lee HJ, Baik M. Wnt/β-catenin signaling and adipogenic genes are associated with intramuscular fat content in the longissimus dorsi muscle of Korean cattle. Anim Genet 2013; 44:627-35. [PMID: 23742632 DOI: 10.1111/age.12061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Intramuscular fat (IMF) is an important trait that influences beef quality. In two studies, we examined the possible involvement of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in IMF deposition in Korean cattle. In study 1, using a group of bulls and steers, we found that castration, a non-genetic factor, decreased (P < 0.01) the expression of both the WNT10B and CTNNB1 genes, whereas it increased the expression of the Wnt antagonist secreted frizzled-related proteins 4 (SFRP4, P < 0.001) and the adipogenic CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EPB), alpha (CEBPA, P < 0.001) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG, P < 0.05) genes in longissimus dorsi muscle (LM) tissue. The WNT10B and CTNNB1 mRNA levels showed strong (P < 0.001) negative correlations (r = -0.68 and r = -0.73 respectively) with the IMF content, whereas the SFRP4, CEBPA and PPARG mRNA levels showed strong (P < 0.01) positive correlations (r = 0.70, 0.70 and 0.64 respectively) with the IMF content. Large variation still exists in the IMF content of steers, implying that genetic factors affect IMF deposition. Using a different group of steers, a correlation analysis in study 2 also showed that the expression of the WNT10B and CTNNB1 genes, and SFRP4 and adipogenic genes was negatively and positively associated with the IMF content respectively. Our findings suggest that downregulation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway genes, but upregulation of Wnt antagonist SFRP4 and adipogenic gene expression following castration, contributes to increased IMF deposition in the LM. Our results demonstrate that both non-genetic factors (castration) and genetic variation within the steer group affect the gene expression pattern of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Jeong
- Division of Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics, National Institute of Animal science, Rural Development Administration, #564 Omockchun-dong, Suwon, 441-706, Republic of Korea
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Kim S, Jeong JY, Han SH, Kim JH, Kwon KT, Hwang MK, Kim IT, Cho GS. Effect of thermal dissipation by adding graphene materials to surface coating of LED lighting module. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2013; 13:3554-3558. [PMID: 23858901 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2013.7289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The effect of thermal dissipation by adding graphene nano-platelets to two different commercially available thermal dissipation coatings (ceramic coating and powder coating) was studied. Steady state temperatures of each points of LED modules was monitored in a closed system, with an integral photo detection sphere where there is no external air flow. Having eliminated the contributions of thermal conduction and air flow convection, the module with a conventional heat dissipation coatings showed 8-16% enhancement of thermal dissipation compared to that of non-coated LED module. The addition of graphene is shown to have about 3% additional enhancement. By analyzing thermal resistance of each component of the LED module, the improved thermal conductivity of the graphene added coatings contributes to the enhancement of slight improvement with heat dissipation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kim
- Electro-Physics Department, Kwangwoon University, Nowon-Gu, Seoul, Korea
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Kim J, Lee KS, Kwon DH, Bong JJ, Jeong JY, Nam YS, Lee MS, Liu X, Baik M. Severe dietary lysine restriction affects growth and body composition and hepatic gene expression for nitrogen metabolism in growing rats. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2013; 98:149-57. [PMID: 23441935 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2012] [Accepted: 02/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Dietary lysine restriction may differentially affect body growth and lipid and nitrogen metabolism, depending on the degree of lysine restriction. This study was conducted to examine the effect of dietary lysine restriction on growth and lipid and nitrogen metabolism with two different degree of lysine restriction. Isocaloric amino acid-defined diets containing 1.4% lysine (adequate), 0.70% lysine (50% moderate lysine restriction) and 0.35% lysine (75% severe lysine restriction) were fed from the age of 52 to 77 days for 25 days in male Sprague-Dawley rats. The 75% severe lysine restriction increased (p < 0.05) food intake, but retarded (p < 0.05) growth, increased (p < 0.05) liver and muscle lipid contents and abdominal fat accumulation, increased (p < 0.05) blood urea nitrogen levels and mRNA levels of the serine-synthesizing 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase gene, but decreased (p < 0.05) urea cycle arginase gene mRNA levels. In contrast, the 50% lysine restriction did not significantly (p > 0.05) affect body growth and lipid and nitrogen metabolism. Our results demonstrate that severe 75% lysine restriction has detrimental effects on body growth and deregulate lipid and nitrogen metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kim
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
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Min AK, Jeong JY, Go Y, Choi YK, Kim YD, Lee IK, Park KG. cAMP response element binding protein H mediates fenofibrate-induced suppression of hepatic lipogenesis. Diabetologia 2013; 56:412-22. [PMID: 23150180 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-012-2771-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2012] [Accepted: 10/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Fenofibrate is a drug used to treat hyperlipidaemia that works by inhibiting hepatic triacylglycerol synthesis. Sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) is a major regulator of the expression of genes involved in hepatic triacylglycerol synthesis. In addition, endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-bound transcription factor families are involved in the control of various metabolic pathways. Here, we show a novel function for an ER-bound transcription factor, cAMP response element binding protein H (CREBH), in fenofibrate-mediated inhibition of hepatic lipogenesis. METHODS The effects of fenofibrate and adenovirus-mediated Crebh (also known as Creb313) overexpression (Ad-Crebh) on hepatic SREBP-1c production and lipogenesis in vitro and in vivo were investigated. We also examined whether downregulation of endogenous hepatic Crebh by small interfering (si)RNA restores the fenofibrate effect on hepatic lipogenesis and SREBP-1c production. Finally, we examined the mechanism by which CREBH inhibits hepatic SREBP-1c production. RESULTS Fasting and fenofibrate treatment induced CREBH production and decreased SREBP-1c levels. Indeed, Ad-Crebh inhibited insulin- and liver X receptor agonist TO901317-induced Srebp-1c (also known as Srebf1) mRNA expression in cultured hepatocytes. Moreover, increased production of CREBH in the liver of mice following tail-vein injection of Ad-Crebh inhibited high-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis through inhibition of Srebp-1c expression. The inhibition of endogenous Crebh expression by siRNA restored fenofibrate-induced suppression of Srebp-1c expression and hepatic lipid accumulation both in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION These results show that fenofibrate decreases hepatic lipid synthesis through induction of CREBH. This study suggests CREBH as a novel negative regulator of SREBP-1c production and hepatic lipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A-K Min
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, WCU Program, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
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Kim YS, Kim JS, Yu IH, Jeong JY, Jung SH, Jo YR, Chung ME. A Nasogastric Tube Inserted into the Gastrocutaneous Fistula. Ann Rehabil Med 2011; 35:954-7. [PMID: 22506228 PMCID: PMC3309385 DOI: 10.5535/arm.2011.35.6.954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2010] [Accepted: 12/20/2010] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
We reported a case in which a nasogastric tube was inserted into the gastrocutaneous fistula, diagnosed by abdominal computed tomography. A 78-year-old man with a history of recurrent cerebral hemorrhage had a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube due to dysphagia for 2 years. However, soft tissue infection at the gastrostomy site caused the removal of the tube. Immediately, antibiotic agents were infused. For appropriate hydration and medication, a nasogastric tube was inserted. However, there was no significant improvement of the soft tissue infection. Moreover, the amount of bloody exudate increased. Abdominal computed tomography revealed the nasogastric tube placed under the patient's skin via gastrocutaneous fistula. The nasogastric tube was removed, and an antibiotic agents were maintained. After 3 weeks, the signs of infection fully improved, and percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy was performed again. This case shows necessities of an appropriate interval between removal of the gastrostomy tube and insertion of a nasogastric tube, and suspicion of existence of gastrocutaneous fistula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Soo Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 130-709, Korea
| | - Joon Sung Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 130-709, Korea
| | - In Hee Yu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 130-709, Korea
| | - Ji Young Jeong
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 130-709, Korea
| | - Sung Hee Jung
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 130-709, Korea
| | - Yil Ryun Jo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 130-709, Korea
| | - Myung Eun Chung
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 130-709, Korea
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Jeong JY, Kim JM, Kim MW. The Relationship between Hand Function and Brain Lesion at Acute Stroke Patients: A Pilot Study. Brain Neurorehabil 2010. [DOI: 10.12786/bn.2010.3.1.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Young Jeong
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, Korea
| | - Jae Min Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, Korea
| | - Min-wook Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, Korea
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Yang
- Division of Applied Life Science, Graduate School, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 660-701, Korea
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Abstract
Discoloration characteristics of 3 major muscles (LD, Longissimus dorsi; PM, Psoas major; SM, Semimemebranosus) from Korean native cattle (Hanwoo) were monitored during 7 d of cold storage at 4 degrees C. The muscles were obtained from 12 Hanwoo carcasses at 24 h postmortem. Meat color (CIE L*, a*, b*), myoglobin (Mb) concentration, chemical form, metmyoglobin (MetMb) reducing ability (MRA), mitochondria concentration, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) were measured at 1, 3, 5, and 7 d of storage. Although there were no significant differences in CIE a* and b*-values between the 3 muscles at day 1, the values of PM muscle were significantly (P < 0.05) lower than those of LD and SM muscles at day 5 and 7. PM muscle showed a rapid decrease in the oxymyoglobin (OxyMb) and an increase in MetMb, which resulted in a significantly (P < 0.05) higher percentage of MetMb in PM muscle compared to LD and SM muscles. Also, the Mb and mitochondria concentration of PM muscle was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than those of LD and SM muscles. However, there were no significant differences in MRA, pH, or TBARS between the 3 muscles during 7 d of cold storage. It was concluded that rapid discoloration (that is, MetMb accumulation) in PM muscle of Hanwoo could be due to its higher contents of Mb and mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Jeong
- Gyeongsang Natl. Univ., Jinju, Korea
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Netto GJ, Albadine R, Gonzalgo ML, Jeong JY, Tavora F, Epstein JJ, Pavlovich CP. CHARCTERISTICS OF POSITIVE SURGICAL MARGINS IN ROBOTIC ASSISTED LAPAROSCOPIC RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY (RARP), OPEN RETROPUBIC RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY (RRP) AND LAPAROSCOPIC RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY (LRP): A COMPARATIVE STUDY FROM A SINGLE ACADEMIC CENTER. J Urol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(09)61871-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Lee HW, Jeong JY, Yang JB, Han DH, Lee SW. A novel method of seminal vesicle preparation in isolated seminal vesicle experiments in the rat: ring preparation. Int J Impot Res 2008; 21:57-61. [PMID: 18987641 DOI: 10.1038/ijir.2008.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of a novel method of seminal vesicle (SV) preparation-ring preparation method-in isolated SV experiments in the rat. Rat SVs were prepared as strips and rings and applied to organ baths. The relaxation responses by sodium nitroprusside or doxazosin and contractile responses by electrical field stimulation (EFS) were recorded in both groups. We compared the proportion of tissues that showed consistent responses to the stimuli-drug or EFS-in both groups. And magnitudes of the contractile or relaxation responses were also evaluated in the two groups. In strip preparations (n=20), six tissues (30%) showed stable responses to drugs and were regarded to be useful. However, in ring preparations (n=20), 13 tissues (65%) showed stable responses (P<0.001). Similarly, consistent contractile responses to the EFS were recorded in eight strips (40%) and 13 rings (65%) (n=20 in each group; P<0.05). The magnitudes of the relaxations by drugs were not different between the two methods (P=0.42) and the contractions by EFS were higher in ring preparations (P<0.05). The ring preparation seems to be better for responses to drugs and EFS compared with the strip preparations and, therefore, might be an alternative technique for in vitro SV experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- H W Lee
- Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Ali MS, Yang HS, Jeong JY, Moon SH, Hwang YH, Park GB, Joo ST. Effect of chilling temperature of carcass on breast meat quality of duck. Poult Sci 2008; 87:1860-7. [PMID: 18753455 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2007-00194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
An experiment was carried out to investigate whether variations in chill water temperature affect muscle shortening and meat quality in duck breast. Three chill water temperatures were applied to duck carcasses at 20 min postmortem for 30 min, including in ice water at 0 degrees C, in cold water at 10 degrees C, and in water at 20 degrees C. Results revealed that carcass temperatures were different (P < 0.05) at 50 and 120 min of postmortem with lower temperatures at the 0 degrees C treatment (P < 0.05). The pH over the first 24 h postmortem was not different (P > 0.05) among treatments, with the exception of 50 min postmortem. The pH of breast meat in the 0 degrees C treatment was higher (P < 0.05) than that of 20 degrees C treatment at 50 min postmortem (just after chilling). No other differences (P > 0.05) in pH existed among treatments. Drip loss, cooking loss, and moisture content were not different for breast meat samples that were chilled at different temperatures. Differences (P < 0.05) were found in CIE (L, a, and b) color values. Lightness (L) increased, whereas redness (a) decreased as the chill water temperature increased. Lower yellowness (b) was found in the breast meat samples at the 10 degrees C chill water temperature. However, shear force, sarcomere length, and protein solubility were not different (P > 0.05) among the breast meat samples chilled at different chill water temperatures. It may be concluded that chilling duck carcasses at different temperature ranges from 0 to 20 degrees C did not influence muscle shortening or meat quality, except in regard to breast meat color.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Ali
- Division of Applied Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Korea
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Lee MA, Han DJ, Jeong JY, Choi JH, Choi YS, Kim HY, Paik HD, Kim CJ. Effect of kimchi powder level and drying methods on quality characteristics of breakfast sausage. Meat Sci 2008; 80:708-14. [PMID: 22063587 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2008.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2007] [Revised: 03/11/2008] [Accepted: 03/11/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the effect of the addition of kimchi powder on the quality characteristics of meat batter and breakfast sausage. Breakfast sausages were supplemented with freeze dried kimchi powder (FKP) or hot air dried kimchi powder (HKP) at levels of 1% (FKP-1 and HKP-1) or 2% (FKP-2 and HKP-2). The emulsion stability, cooking yield, and apparent viscosity in meat batters improved with increments of kimchi powder (p<0.05). Increased levels of kimchi powder in breakfast sausage decreased the L(∗) value, pH, and springiness, and increased the a(∗) value, b(∗) value, hardness, chewiness, and gumminess (p<0.05). Sensory evaluations indicated that a higher overall acceptability was attained when the kimchi powder was added to breakfast sausage at a level of 2%.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, 143-701, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
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Kim BN, Jeong JY, Sohn DK, Han KS, Hong CW, Chang HJ, Lim SB, Choi HS, Jeong SY. Pneumatosis cystoides coli of the ascending colon: colonoscopic and CT colonographic features. Endoscopy 2007; 39 Suppl 1:E73-4. [PMID: 17354179 DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-945171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B N Kim
- Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
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Park HJ, Jeong HK, Chang MI, Im MH, Jeong JY, Choi DM, Park K, Hong MK, Youm J, Han SB, Kim DJ, Park JH, Kwon SW. Structure determination of new analogues of vardenafil and sildenafil in dietary supplements. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 24:122-9. [PMID: 17364912 DOI: 10.1080/02652030600983625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
New analogues of vardenafil and sildenafil illegally added to dietary supplements were detected by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis with a photodiode array detector (PDA). These compounds were isolated and their structures elucidated by mass spectrometry (MS), infrared (IR) spectroscopy, one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). One of the new analogues given the trivial name pseudovardenafil (compound 1) was structurally elucidated and shown to be 1-[[3-(1,4-dihydro-5-methyl-4-oxo-7-propylimidazo[5,1-f][1,2,4]triazin-2-yl)-4-ethoxyphenyl]sulfonyl]-piperidine. It was a vardenafil analogue isolated from a dietary supplement capsule. Compared with vardenafil, the piperidine ring was substituted for the ethylpiperazine group. The second new analogue, trivially named hydroxyhongdenafil (compound 2), was separated from bulk powder used as a raw material for a dietary supplement. The piperazine and phenyl groups were connected through an acetyl group instead of a sulfonyl group, and hydroxyethylpiperazine was substituted for the methylpiperazine of sildenafil. It was structurally elucidated as 5-[2-ethoxy-5-[[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazinyl]acetyl]phenyl]-1,4-dihydro-1-methyl-3-propyl-7H-pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Park
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742. Korea
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Kim MS, Kim SH, Kim HJ, Hoang IN, Oh WM, Koh JT, Park HO, Jeong JY, Kim WJ, Lee EJ, Koh JY, Kim BY, Jensen RH. Characterization of the TSU-PR1 cell line by chromosome painting and flow cytometry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 163:17-22. [PMID: 16271951 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergencyto.2005.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2005] [Revised: 04/07/2005] [Accepted: 04/08/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
TSU-PR1 was originally reported as a prostatic carcinoma cell line derived from a lymph node metastasis. Recently, however, this cell line was reported to be derived from T24 bladder carcinoma cells, and thus further definition of its origin is needed. Conventional cytogenetic study of TSU-PR1 showed aneuploidy, ranging from 65 to 86 chromosome with a modal number of 80, and with 10 marker chromosomes, thus conventional cytogenetics cannot be used to determine which chromosomes or regions of chromosomes are critical in cancer development and progression of this cell line. The present study was conducted to characterize genetic changes of the cell line using comparative genomic hybridization (CGH), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and flow cytometry. CGH results showed that green-to-red fluorescence ratios were within the range of 0.85-1.15, except for a few chromosomes, which reflected near tetraploidy in TSU-PR1. Flow cytometric analysis of TSU-PR1 revealed a DNA index of 3.46n, which is close to the 3.48n calculated from a modal number of 80. The copy numbers of chromosomes 4, 6, 7, 17, and 20 determined by the DNA index and the CGH analyses were 2.85 +/- 0.09, 3.22 +/- 0.77, 3.01 +/- 0.26, 4.05 +/- 0.44, and 4.99 +/- 0.48, respectively. These numbers are also in accordance with the chromosome copy numbers determined with FISH: 2.98 +/- 0.23, 2.91 +/- 0.44, 2.74 +/- 0.44, 3.93 +/- 0.38, and 5.05 +/- 0.78 for chromosomes 4, 6, 7, 17, and 20, respectively (P > 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Kim
- Dental Science Research Institute, Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Yongbongdong, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
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Lee HW, Shin DH, Jeong JY, Kim HO, Chun MW, Melman N, Gao ZG, Jacobson KA, Jeong LS. D-4'-thioadenosine derivatives as highly potent and selective agonists at the human A3 adenosine receptor. Nucleosides Nucleotides Nucleic Acids 2005; 24:607-9. [PMID: 16247997 DOI: 10.1081/ncn-200061827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
4'-Thionucleoside derivatives as potent and selective A3 adenosaine receptor agonists were synthesized, starting from D-gulono-gamma-lactone via D-thioribosyl acetate as a key intermediate, among which the 2-chloro-N6-methyladenosine-5-methyluronamide showed the most potent and selective binding affinity (Ki = 0.28 +/- 0.09 nM) at the human A3 adenosine receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyouk Woo Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul [corrected] Korea
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Jeong JY, Mukhopadhyay AK, Akada JK, Dailidiene D, Hoffman PS, Berg DE. Roles of FrxA and RdxA nitroreductases of Helicobacter pylori in susceptibility and resistance to metronidazole. J Bacteriol 2001; 183:5155-62. [PMID: 11489869 PMCID: PMC95392 DOI: 10.1128/jb.183.17.5155-5162.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2000] [Accepted: 06/06/2001] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The relative importance of the frxA and rdxA nitroreductase genes of Helicobacter pylori in metronidazole (MTZ) susceptibility and resistance has been controversial. Jeong et al. (J. Bacteriol. 182:5082--5090, 2000) had interpreted that Mtz(s) H. pylori were of two types: type I, requiring only inactivation of rdxA to became resistant, and type II, requiring inactivation of both rdxA and frxA to become resistant; frxA inactivation by itself was not sufficient to confer resistance. In contrast, Kwon et al. (Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 44:2133--2142, 2000) had interpreted that resistance resulted from inactivation either of frxA or rdxA. These two interpretations were tested here. Resistance was defined as efficient colony formation by single cells from diluted cultures rather than as growth responses of more dense inocula on MTZ-containing medium. Tests of three of Kwon's Mtz(s) strains showed that each was type II, requiring inactivation of both rdxA and frxA to become resistant. In additional tests, derivatives of frxA mutant strains recovered from MTZ-containing medium were found to contain new mutations in rdxA, and frxA inactivation slowed MTZ-induced killing of Mtz(s) strains. Northern blot analyses indicated that frxA mRNA, and perhaps also rdxA mRNA, were more abundant in type II than in type I strains. We conclude that development of MTZ resistance in H. pylori requires inactivation of rdxA alone or of both rdxA and frxA, depending on bacterial genotype, but rarely, if ever, inactivation of frxA alone, and that H. pylori strains differ in regulation of nitroreductase gene expression. We suggest that such regulatory differences may be significant functionally during human infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Jeong
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
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Jeong JY, Berg DE. Mouse-colonizing Helicobacter pylori SS1 is unusually susceptible to metronidazole due to two complementary reductase activities. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2000; 44:3127-32. [PMID: 11036035 PMCID: PMC101615 DOI: 10.1128/aac.44.11.3127-3132.2000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In most strains of Helicobacter pylori, mutational inactivation of the rdxA (HP0954) gene, which encodes a nitroreductase that converts metronidazole (MTZ) from a harmless prodrug to a mutagenic and bacteriocidal product, is sufficient to make this pathogen resistant to clinically significant levels of MTZ. Here we report that SS1, a strain with the special ability to colonize mice, is unusual in being susceptible to very low concentrations of MTZ (0.5 microgram/ml) and in being especially difficult to mutate to MTZ resistance (Mtz(r)). These phenotypic traits were traced to expression in this strain of the normally quiescent H. pylori frxA gene (HP0642, an rdxA paralog) along with rdxA. Transformation tests using rdxA::cam and frxA::kan insertion mutant DNAs, with selection solely for the chloramphenicol and kanamycin resistance markers, and sequence analyses of frxA in spontaneous Mtz(r) derivatives of rdxA null mutant strains each showed that the development of Mtz(r) in SS1 required inactivation of both rdxA and frxA. Inactivation of either gene alone left SS1 susceptible to MTZ, although it was readily mutable from an MTZ-susceptible to an Mtz(r) phenotype. Reverse transcriptase PCR tests showed that frxA mRNA was at least 10-fold more abundant in SS1 than in reference strain 26695. It is proposed that these reductases play primarily nutritional roles during bacterial growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Jeong
- Departments of Molecular Microbiology and Genetics, Washington University Medical School, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
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Sisson G, Jeong JY, Goodwin A, Bryden L, Rossler N, Lim-Morrison S, Raudonikiene A, Berg DE, Hoffman PS. Metronidazole activation is mutagenic and causes DNA fragmentation in Helicobacter pylori and in Escherichia coli containing a cloned H. pylori RdxA(+) (Nitroreductase) gene. J Bacteriol 2000; 182:5091-6. [PMID: 10960092 PMCID: PMC94656 DOI: 10.1128/jb.182.18.5091-5096.2000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Much of the normal high sensitivity of wild-type Helicobacter pylori to metronidazole (Mtz) depends on rdxA (HP0954), a gene encoding a novel nitroreductase that catalyzes the conversion of Mtz from a harmless prodrug to a bactericidal agent. Here we report that levels of Mtz that partially inhibit growth stimulate forward mutation to rifampin resistance in rdxA(+) (Mtz(s)) and also in rdxA (Mtz(r)) H. pylori strains, and that expression of rdxA in Escherichia coli results in equivalent Mtz-induced mutation. A reversion test using defined lac tester strains of E. coli carrying rdxA(+) indicated that CG-to-GC transversions and AT-to-GC transitions are induced more frequently than other base substitutions. Alkaline gel electrophoretic tests showed that Mtz concentrations near or higher than the MIC for growth also caused DNA breakage in H. pylori and in E. coli carrying rdxA(+), suggesting that this damage may account for most of the bactericidal action of Mtz. Coculture of Mtz(s) H. pylori with E. coli (highly resistant to Mtz) in the presence of Mtz did not stimulate forward mutation in E. coli, indicating that the mutagenic and bactericidal products of Mtz metabolism do not diffuse significantly to neighboring (bystander) cells. Our results suggest that the widespread use of Mtz against other pathogens in people chronically infected with H. pylori may stimulate mutation and recombination in H. pylori, thereby speeding host-specific adaptation, the evolution of virulence, and the emergence of resistance against Mtz and other clinically useful antimicrobials.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Sisson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
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Jeong JY, Mukhopadhyay AK, Dailidiene D, Wang Y, Velapatiño B, Gilman RH, Parkinson AJ, Nair GB, Wong BC, Lam SK, Mistry R, Segal I, Yuan Y, Gao H, Alarcon T, Brea ML, Ito Y, Kersulyte D, Lee HK, Gong Y, Goodwin A, Hoffman PS, Berg DE. Sequential inactivation of rdxA (HP0954) and frxA (HP0642) nitroreductase genes causes moderate and high-level metronidazole resistance in Helicobacter pylori. J Bacteriol 2000; 182:5082-90. [PMID: 10960091 PMCID: PMC94655 DOI: 10.1128/jb.182.18.5082-5090.2000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is a human-pathogenic bacterial species that is subdivided geographically, with different genotypes predominating in different parts of the world. Here we test and extend an earlier conclusion that metronidazole (Mtz) resistance is due to mutation in rdxA (HP0954), which encodes a nitroreductase that converts Mtz from prodrug to bactericidal agent. We found that (i) rdxA genes PCR amplified from 50 representative Mtz(r) strains from previously unstudied populations in Asia, South Africa, Europe, and the Americas could, in each case, transform Mtz(s) H. pylori to Mtz(r); (ii) Mtz(r) mutant derivatives of a cultured Mtz(s) strain resulted from mutation in rdxA; and (iii) transformation of Mtz(s) strains with rdxA-null alleles usually resulted in moderate level Mtz resistance (16 microg/ml). However, resistance to higher Mtz levels was common among clinical isolates, a result that implicates at least one additional gene. Expression in Escherichia coli of frxA (HP0642; flavin oxidoreductase), an rdxA paralog, made this normally resistant species Mtz(s), and frxA inactivation enhanced Mtz resistance in rdxA-deficient cells but had little effect on the Mtz susceptibility of rdxA(+) cells. Strains carrying frxA-null and rdxA-null alleles could mutate to even higher resistance, a result implicating one or more additional genes in residual Mtz susceptibility and hyperresistance. We conclude that most Mtz resistance in H. pylori depends on rdxA inactivation, that mutations in frxA can enhance resistance, and that genes that confer Mtz resistance without rdxA inactivation are rare or nonexistent in H. pylori populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Jeong
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Department of Genetics, Washington University Medical School, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
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Jeong JY, Jue DM. Murine pro-tumor necrosis factor expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae HF7c localizes to membrane/particulate. Exp Mol Med 2000; 32:61-6. [PMID: 10926116 DOI: 10.1038/emm.2000.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a cytokine that is produced by immune cells in response to bacterial and viral stimuli and plays important roles in various inflammatory diseases. TNF is produced as a membrane-bound precursor, which is then cleaved to release soluble mature protein. We expressed murine pro-TNF in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and examined processing and cellular localization of the recombinant protein. Yeast cells were transformed with an expression construct carrying the pro-TNF gene under the control of alcohol dehydrogenase promoter. Immunoblotting analysis of cell homogenate revealed expression of 26 kD pro-TNF in transformed cells. Upon centrifugation, pro-TNF transformed cells fractionated into the membrane/particulate. In a clone that expresses a high level of pro-TNF, mature 17 kD TNF was detected in the culture medium, although the amount was far smaller than that of cell-associated pro-TNF. Flow cytometric analysis of yeast spheroplasts demonstrated the presence of TNF on the cell surface. Our results show that pro-TNF expressed in yeast mainly resides in the cellular membrane with an orientation similar to that of pro-TNF produced in mammalian cells. Our data suggest that the transformed yeast cells can be used for the genetic analysis of pro-TNF processing machinery in immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Jeong
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul
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Abstract
Gold compounds are used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. NF-kappa B is a transcription factor implicated in the expression of many inflammatory genes. NF-kappa B is activated by signal-induced phosphorylation and subsequent degradation of inhibitory I kappa B (inhibitory protein that dissociates from NF-kappa B) proteins, and a multisubunit I kappa B kinase (IKK) has been identified previously. We tested the effect of various gold compounds on the activation of NF-kappa B and IKK in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages. A lipophilic gold compound, auranofin, suppressed the LPS-induced increase of nuclear kappa B-binding activity, degradation of I kappa B proteins, and IKK activation. Auranofin also blocked IKK activation induced by TNF and PMA/ionomycin, suggesting that the target of auranofin action is common among these diverse signal pathways. In vitro IKK activity was suppressed by addition of hydrophilic gold compounds, such as aurothiomalate, aurothioglucose, and AuCl3. Other thiol-reactive metal ions such as zinc and copper also inhibited IKK activity in vitro, and induction of IKK in LPS-stimulated macrophages. In vitro IKK activity required the presence of reducing agent and was blocked by addition of thiol group-reactive agents. Two catalytic subunits of IKK complex, IKK alpha and IKK beta, were both inhibited by these thiol-modifying agents, suggesting the presence of a cysteine sulfhydryl group in these subunits, which is critical for enzyme activity. The antiinflammatory activity of gold compounds in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis may depend on modification of this thiol group by gold.
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Affiliation(s)
- K I Jeon
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
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Mukhopadhyay AK, Kersulyte D, Jeong JY, Datta S, Ito Y, Chowdhury A, Chowdhury S, Santra A, Bhattacharya SK, Azuma T, Nair GB, Berg DE. Distinctiveness of genotypes of Helicobacter pylori in Calcutta, India. J Bacteriol 2000; 182:3219-27. [PMID: 10809703 PMCID: PMC94510 DOI: 10.1128/jb.182.11.3219-3227.2000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The genotypes of 78 strains of Helicobacter pylori from Calcutta, India (55 from ulcer patients and 23 from more-benign infections), were studied, with a focus on putative virulence genes and neutral DNA markers that were likely to be phylogenetically informative. PCR tests indicated that 80 to 90% of Calcutta strains carried the cag pathogenicity island (PAI) and potentially toxigenic vacAs1 alleles of the vacuolating cytotoxin gene (vacA), independent of disease status. This was higher than in the West (where cag PAI(+) vacAs1 genotypes are disease associated) but lower than in east Asia. The iceA2 gene was weakly disease associated in Calcutta, whereas in the West the alternative but unrelated iceA1 gene at the same locus is weakly disease associated. DNA sequence motifs of vacAm1 (middle region) alleles formed a cluster that was distinct from those of east Asia and the West, whereas the cagA sequences of Calcutta and Western strains were closely related. An internal deletion found in 20% of Calcutta iceA1 genes was not seen in any of approximately 200 strains studied from other geographic regions and thus seemed to be unique to this H. pylori population. Two mobile DNAs that were rare in east Asian strains were also common in Calcutta. About 90% of Calcutta strains were metronidazole resistant. These findings support the idea that H. pylori gene pools differ regionally and emphasize the potential importance of studies of Indian and other non-Western H. pylori populations in developing a global understanding of this gastric pathogen and associated disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University Medical School, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
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Abstract
We describe active mode locking of a Cr(2+):ZnSe laser operating near 2.5 mum. The laser produces 4.4-ps transform-limited Gaussian-shaped pulses and produces 82 mW of average power.
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Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by persistent joint swelling and progressive destruction of cartilage and bone. Current RA treatments are largely empirical in origin and their precise mechanism of action is uncertain. Increasing evidence shows that chronic inflammatory diseases such as RA are caused by prolonged production of proinflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin 1 (IL-1). The nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) plays an essential role in transcriptional activation of TNF and IL-1. NF-kappaB is induced by many stimuli including TNF and IL-1, forming a positive regulatory cycle that may amplify and maintain RA disease process. NF-kappaB and enzymes involved in its activation can be a target for anti-inflammatory treatment. Aspirin and sodium salicylate inhibit activation of NF-KB by blocking IkappaB kinase, a key enzyme in NF-kappaB activation. Glucocorticoids suppress expression of inflammatory genes by binding glucocorticoid receptor with NF-kappaB, and increasing expression of inhibitory protein of NF-kappaB, IkappaBalpha. Sulfasalazine and gold compounds also inhibit NF-kappaB activation. Continuing advances in our understanding of action mechanism of antirheumatic agents will benefit the future development of RA regimens with greater efficacy and less toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Jue
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul.
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Raudonikiene A, Zakharova N, Su WW, Jeong JY, Bryden L, Hoffman PS, Berg DE, Severinov K. Helicobacter pylori with separate beta- and beta'-subunits of RNA polymerase is viable and can colonize conventional mice. Mol Microbiol 1999; 32:131-8. [PMID: 10216866 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2958.1999.01336.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The genes encoding the beta- and beta'-subunits of RNA polymerase (rpoB and rpoC respectively) are fused as one continuous open reading frame in Helicobacter pylori and in other members of this genus, but are separate in other bacterial taxonomic groups, including the closely related genus Campylobacter. To test whether this beta-beta' tethering is essential, we used polymerase chain reaction-based cloning to separate the rpoB and rpoC moieties of the H. pylori rpoB-rpoC fusion gene with a non-polar chloramphenicol resistance cassette containing a new translational start, and introduced this construct into H. pylori by electro-transformation. H. pylori containing these separated rpoB and rpoC genes in place of the native fusion gene produced non-tethered beta and beta' RNAP subunits, grew well in culture and colonized and proliferated well in conventional C57BL/6 mice. Thus, the extraordinary beta-beta' tethering is not essential for H. pylori viability and gastric colonization.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Raudonikiene
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis 63110, MO, USA
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Jeong JY, Kim KU, Jue DM. Tosylphenylalanine chloromethyl ketone inhibits TNF-alpha mRNA synthesis in the presence of activated NF-kappa B in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Immunol Suppl 1997; 92:267-73. [PMID: 9415036 PMCID: PMC1364068 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2567.1997.00335.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Serine proteinase inhibitors such as N-tosyl-L-phenylalanine chloromethyl ketone (TPCK) and N alpha-p-tosyl-L-lysine chloromethyl ketone (TLCK) were shown to inhibit production of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW 264.7 macrophages. The proteinase inhibitors were also reported to inhibit activation of the transcription factor nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) by blocking the signalling pathway for stimuli-induced phosphorylation of the inhibitory subunit (I kappa B alpha) and thus preventing its degradation. In RAW 264.7 cells TPCK and TLCK significantly suppressed LPS-induced increase in TNF-alpha mRNA, induction of nuclear kappa B-binding activity and degradation of I kappa B alpha. TPCK and TLCK effectively blocked TNF-alpha mRNA synthesis even when they were added after LPS stimulation. In these cells, however, the inhibitory modes of the two inhibitors were found to be different: while addition of TLCK suppressed I kappa B alpha degradation and reduced NF-kappa B activity, a comparable decrease in the nuclear kappa B-binding activity or in I kappa B alpha degradation was not observed in cells treated with TPCK. Our results show that TPCK inhibits LPS-induced TNF-alpha mRNA synthesis in the presence of activated NF-kappa B and suggests that mechanisms other than NF-kappa B activation are involved in the transcriptional regulation of the TNF-alpha gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Jeong
- Department of Biochemistry, Catholic University Medical College, Seoul, South Korea
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Seo HS, Choi CH, Kim HY, Jeong JY, Lee SY, Cho MJ, Bahk JD. Guanine-nucleotide binding and hydrolyzing kinetics of ORrab2, a rice small GTP-binding protein expressed in Escherichia coli. Eur J Biochem 1997; 249:293-300. [PMID: 9363782 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1997.00293.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The ORrab2 gene encodes a GTP-binding protein of 23.169 kDa. The deduced amino acid sequence shows that ORrab2 has the motifs conserved among small GTP-binding proteins in plants and that it shares sequence identity with Atrab2 (93.0%), Hrab2 (85.2%), Hrab4 (51.9%), Hrab1 (46.2%), YPT (40.7%), Hrab3B (40.0%), Hrab3A (38.1%), SEC4 (38.1%), Hrab5 (34.3%) and Hrab6 (32.4%). To analyze the biochemical properties of this protein, an ORrab2 cDNA was overexpressed in Escherichia coli and the protein purified by Ni2+-nitrilotriacetic acid agarose and hydroxyapatite column chromatography. The molecular mass of the protein bearing a His-tag is approximately 28.2 kDa. The guanine-nucleotide binding and hydrolyzing activity of ORrab2 increased with non-ionic C12E10 (polyoxyethylene 10-lauryl ether) and ionic Chaps detergent treatment. ORrab2 bound maximally 1.03 mol of [gamma-35S]GTP[S]/mol of protein with a Kd value of 56.83 nM. The ratios k(off GDP)/k(off GTP) of ORrab2 were 3.63 for the control, 3.7 in the presence of C12E10, and 3.83 with Chaps, indicating that ORrab2 has a higher affinity for GTP than GDP. The rate (k(cat)) of Pi release against [gamma-32P]GTP bound ORrab2 in a steady state and the rate of hydrolysis of [gamma-32P]GTP (kGTPase) were calculated to be 432 x 10(-4) +/- 8 x 10(-4) min(-1) and 172 x 10(-4) +/- 2 x 10(-4) min(-1), respectively, in the presence of 0.1% C12E10 and 1 mM MgSO4.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Seo
- Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Chinju, Korea
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