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Albers GJ, Iwasaki J, McErlean P, Ogger PP, Ghai P, Khoyratty TE, Udalova IA, Lloyd CM, Byrne AJ. IRF5 regulates airway macrophage metabolic responses. Clin Exp Immunol 2021; 204:134-143. [PMID: 33423291 PMCID: PMC7944363 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) is a master regulator of macrophage phenotype and a key transcription factor involved in expression of proinflammatory cytokine responses to microbial and viral infection. Here, we show that IRF5 controls cellular and metabolic responses. By integrating ChIP sequencing (ChIP-Seq) and assay for transposase-accessible chromatin using sequencing (ATAC)-seq data sets, we found that IRF5 directly regulates metabolic genes such as hexokinase-2 (Hk2). The interaction of IRF5 and metabolic genes had a functional consequence, as Irf5-/- airway macrophages but not bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) were characterized by a quiescent metabolic phenotype at baseline and had reduced ability to utilize oxidative phosphorylation after Toll-like receptor (TLR)-3 activation, in comparison to controls, ex vivo. In a murine model of influenza infection, IRF5 deficiency had no effect on viral load in comparison to wild-type controls but controlled metabolic responses to viral infection, as IRF5 deficiency led to reduced expression of Sirt6 and Hk2. Together, our data indicate that IRF5 is a key component of AM metabolic responses following influenza infection and TLR-3 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. J. Albers
- Inflammation, Repair and Development SectionNational Heart and Lung InstituteImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - J. Iwasaki
- Inflammation, Repair and Development SectionNational Heart and Lung InstituteImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - P. McErlean
- Inflammation, Repair and Development SectionNational Heart and Lung InstituteImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - P. P. Ogger
- Inflammation, Repair and Development SectionNational Heart and Lung InstituteImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - P. Ghai
- Inflammation, Repair and Development SectionNational Heart and Lung InstituteImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - T. E. Khoyratty
- The Kennedy Institute of RheumatologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - I. A. Udalova
- The Kennedy Institute of RheumatologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - C. M. Lloyd
- Inflammation, Repair and Development SectionNational Heart and Lung InstituteImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - A. J. Byrne
- Inflammation, Repair and Development SectionNational Heart and Lung InstituteImperial College LondonLondonUK
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Hasegawa M, Iwasaki J, Sugiyama S, Ishihara T, Yamamoto Y, Asada H, Koide S, Hayashi H, Takahashi K, Inaguma D, Yuzawa Y, Tsuboi N. Development of aortic valve stenosis in myeloperoxidase antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis with renal involvement. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0245869. [PMID: 33481903 PMCID: PMC7822555 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Degenerative aortic valve stenosis (AS) is a chronic progressive disease that resembles atherosclerosis development. Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV) is reportedly associated with accelerated atherosclerosis. This study aimed to examine the development of AS in patients with myeloperoxidase-AAV (MPO-AAV) with renal involvement at more than 1 year after the onset of vasculitis. Methods We performed a retrospective review of clinical records of MPO-AAV patients with renal involvement without AS at the onset of vasculitis who were treated in three hospitals and three dialysis clinics. Results The study included 97 MPO-AAV patients with renal involvement and 230 control patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Among them, 64 patients had AS. The prevalence rates of AS were 28.9% and 15.7% in MPO-AAV and control patients, respectively (p = 0.006). The multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that MPO-AAV, dialysis dependence, and hypertension were independently associated factors for AS. In MPO-AAV patients, systolic blood pressure was positively significantly associated with AS, whereas glucocorticoid dose of induction therapy was negatively significantly associated. The use of cyclophosphamide tended to be negatively associated with AS. The survival rate was significantly lower for patients with AS than for those without AS. Conclusions The AS prevalence rate was significantly higher in MPO-AAV patients at more than 1 year after the onset of vasculitis than in control CKD patients. Therefore, regular monitoring of echocardiography during MPO-AAV treatment is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Midori Hasegawa
- Department of Nephrology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Jin Iwasaki
- Tokoname City Hospital, Tokoname, Aichi, Japan
| | | | - Takuma Ishihara
- Gifu University Hospital Innovative and Clinical Research Promotion Center, Gifu City, Gifu, Japan
| | | | | | - Shigehisa Koide
- Department of Nephrology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hiroki Hayashi
- Department of Nephrology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kazuo Takahashi
- Department of Nephrology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Daijo Inaguma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fujita Health University Bantane Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yukio Yuzawa
- Department of Nephrology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Naotake Tsuboi
- Department of Nephrology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
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Iwasaki J, Chai LY, Khoo SK, Bizzintino J, Laing IA, Le Souëf PN, Thomas WR, Hales BJ. Lower anti-echovirus antibody responses in children presenting to hospital with asthma exacerbations. Clin Exp Allergy 2016; 45:1523-30. [PMID: 25640320 DOI: 10.1111/cea.12501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Revised: 11/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rhinoviruses from the Enterovirus genus cause frequent infections and induce remarkably high titres of anticapsid antigen antibodies in asthmatics, while the prevalence of neutralising antibodies to the gut-trophic echoviruses from the same genus is diminished. OBJECTIVE To assess the absolute and specific antibody titres to VP1 antigens of the gut-trophic enteroviruses, echovirus 30 and Sabin 1 poliovirus, in asthmatic and non-asthmatic children. METHODS Recombinant polypeptides representing the VP1 capsid antigens of echovirus 30 and Sabin poliovirus 1 were produced. Their ability to bind IgG1 antibodies from the plasma of asthmatic (n = 45) and non-asthmatic (n = 29) children were quantitated by immunoassays that incorporated immunoabsorptions to remove cross-reactivity. RESULTS The IgG1 antibody titres and prevalence of antibody binding to echovirus 30 were significantly lower for asthmatic children compared to controls (P < 0.05) and inversely correlated with total IgE levels for the whole study population (r = -0.262; P < 0.05). There was no difference in the prevalence and titre between groups to the VP1 antigen of Sabin poliovirus. Anti-tetanus toxoid titres measured for comparison did not correlate with anti-echovirus or poliovirus, but correlated with anti-rhinovirus titres in controls but not asthmatics, where the titres were higher for the asthmatic group. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE The associations of lower antibody titres of asthmatic children to echovirus reported here and those of our previous findings of a heightened response to rhinovirus suggest a dichotomy where respiratory enterovirus infection/immunity increases the probability of developing asthma and enteric infections lower the risk. This provides further support for the concept of intestinal infection playing a key role in the development of allergic respiratory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Iwasaki
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - L Y Chai
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - S-K Khoo
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,School of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - J Bizzintino
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,School of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - I A Laing
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,School of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - P N Le Souëf
- School of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - W R Thomas
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - B J Hales
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,School of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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Shibata K, Iwasaki J, Kanazawa N, Aizawa S, Tanigaki T, Shirai M, Nakajima T, Kubota M, Kawasaki M, Park HS, Shindo D, Nagaosa N, Tokura Y. Large anisotropic deformation of skyrmions in strained crystal. Nat Nanotechnol 2015; 10:589-592. [PMID: 26030654 DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2015.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical control of magnetism is an important and promising approach in spintronics. To date, strain control has mostly been demonstrated in ferromagnetic structures by exploiting a change in magnetocrystalline anisotropy. It would be desirable to achieve large strain effects on magnetic nanostructures. Here, using in situ Lorentz transmission electron microscopy, we demonstrate that anisotropic strain as small as 0.3% in a chiral magnet of FeGe induces very large deformations in magnetic skyrmions, as well as distortions of the skyrmion crystal lattice on the order of 20%. Skyrmions are stabilized by the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction, originating from a chiral crystal structure. Our results show that the change in the modulation of the strength of this interaction is amplified by two orders of magnitude with respect to changes in the crystal lattice due to an applied strain. Our findings may provide a mechanism to achieve strain control of topological magnetic structures based on the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Shibata
- Department of Applied Physics and Quantum-Phase Electronics Center (QPEC), University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - J Iwasaki
- Department of Applied Physics and Quantum-Phase Electronics Center (QPEC), University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - N Kanazawa
- Department of Applied Physics and Quantum-Phase Electronics Center (QPEC), University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - S Aizawa
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Wako 351-0198, Japan
| | - T Tanigaki
- 1] RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Wako 351-0198, Japan [2] Central Research Laboratory, Hitachi Ltd., Hatoyama 350-0395, Japan
| | - M Shirai
- Central Research Laboratory, Hitachi Ltd., Hatoyama 350-0395, Japan
| | - T Nakajima
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Wako 351-0198, Japan
| | - M Kubota
- 1] RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Wako 351-0198, Japan [2] Research and Development Headquarters, ROHM Co., Ltd, Kyoto 615-8585, Japan
| | - M Kawasaki
- 1] Department of Applied Physics and Quantum-Phase Electronics Center (QPEC), University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan [2] RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Wako 351-0198, Japan
| | - H S Park
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Wako 351-0198, Japan
| | - D Shindo
- 1] RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Wako 351-0198, Japan [2] Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - N Nagaosa
- 1] Department of Applied Physics and Quantum-Phase Electronics Center (QPEC), University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan [2] RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Wako 351-0198, Japan
| | - Y Tokura
- 1] Department of Applied Physics and Quantum-Phase Electronics Center (QPEC), University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan [2] RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Wako 351-0198, Japan
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Fujimoto N, Iwasaki J, Satoh T. Scrotal calcinosis may arise from cyst wall apoptosis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2013; 28:128-30. [PMID: 23495956 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.12147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2013] [Accepted: 02/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N Fujimoto
- Department of Dermatology, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorazawa, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan
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Iwasaki J, Horiuchi T. Novel exposure system using light-emitting diodes and an optical fiber array for printing serial numbers and code marks. Rev Sci Instrum 2012; 83:045115. [PMID: 22559584 DOI: 10.1063/1.3702796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Feasibility of a novel exposure system to print serial numbers and two-dimensional code marks was demonstrated. The new system used light-emitting diodes (LEDs) combined with an optical fiber matrix array as a light source. At first, as preparatory experiments, code mark patterns were printed using a prototype exposure system without using the optical fiber array but using the combination of arrayed LEDs with a central wavelength of 428 nm, spherical lenses, and rod lenses. Although the code mark patterns were successfully printed, it took too much exposure time. For this reason, bullet-type LEDs with a high power and a shorter wavelength of 405 nm were used and the optical fiber matrix array was adopted. Because the emitted light rays were efficiently taken into the fiber, and the resist sensitivity was improved, practically available short exposure time of less than 2 s was obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Iwasaki
- Tokyo Denki University, Tokyo 101-8457, Japan
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Hori T, Ogura Y, Okamoto S, Nakajima A, Kami K, Iwasaki J, Yonekawa Y, Ogawa K, Oike F, Takada Y, Egawa H, Nguyen J, Uemoto S. Herpes simplex virus hepatitis after pediatric liver transplantation. Transpl Infect Dis 2010; 12:353-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3062.2009.00486.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Iwasaki J, Yoshida Y, Yamamoto O, Tajima S. Poroma with Sebaceous Differentiation of the Eyelid: a Rare Site of Occurrence. Acta Derm Venereol 2008; 88:166-7. [DOI: 10.2340/00015555-0347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Short stature and low bodyweight are commonly encountered problems in the clinical follow up of premature infants. However, details about the underlying pathophysiology are unknown in these cases. METHODS Evaluations of growth and endocrine function were performed in 23 very low-birth weight (VLBW) infants between 11.3 and 14.3 years of age. RESULTS The mean (+/-SD) scores for height and weight were -0.50+/-0.97 and -0.50+/-1.10 SD, respectively. Mean serum insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and urine growth hormone (GH) levels were 402+/-138 ng/mL and 18.0+/-17.5 pg/mg creatinine, respectively. Serum IGF-I and urine GH levels were within the normal range for all patients. The bone age values were consistent with the patient's true age. Physical signs of puberty were detected in 15 of 23 patients (65%). Using bone ages to predict final adult height yielded a score of -0.52+/-1.08 SD. CONCLUSIONS Despite the almost normal results of serum IGF-I, urine GH levels and bone age, the physical growth of these VLBW infants was less than that of normal birth weight children, as was their predicted adult growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Takeuchi
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan.
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Ooki H, Iwasaki Y, Iwasaki J. Differential interference contrast microscope with differential detection for optimizing image contrast. Appl Opt 1996; 35:2230-4. [PMID: 21085356 DOI: 10.1364/ao.35.002230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
A laser scanning differential interference contrast microscope using a differential detection method is proposed. This microscope permits observers to control the differential image contrast with a simple operation. Utilizing this function, the observers are capable of obtaining the optimized differential image whose contrast is most favorable for observation. A simple theoretical analysis and experimental considerations are described.
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Abstract
The color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) technique was used to study the dynamics of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow in 13 infants with intracranial hemorrhage. CDFI was performed 46 times in 6 intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) patients and 7 subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) patients with or without subdural hemorrhage during different stages. CSF flow was observed in 8 infants with IVH (5) or SAH (3) on CDFI. CSF flow in the aqueduct, third ventricle and foramen of Monro was visualized in both the upward and downward directions, primarily reflecting respiration and/or cardiac pulsation in the acute stage. It is suggested that CDFI may allow evaluation of the CSF flow dynamics and an early diagnosis of intracranial hemorrhage in infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tatsuno
- Department of Pediatrics, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Katoh S, Iwasaki J, Kohno H, Ohkubo Y. Epidermal growth factor stimulates the release of GDP induced by isoproterenol from isolated liver membrane. Res Commun Chem Pathol Pharmacol 1992; 76:63-73. [PMID: 1325662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor (EGF) stimulated the release of GDP induced by isoproterenol from isolated liver membrane. This GDP release was not induced by EGF only. The stimulatory effect of EGF was dependent on the presence of Mg2+. These results suggests that EGF receptor indirectly couples with GS-protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Katoh
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Tohoku College of Pharmacy, Sendai, Japan
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13
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Iwasaki J, Vann WF, Dilley DC, Anderson JA. An investigation of capnography and pulse oximetry as monitors of pediatric patients sedated for dental treatment. Pediatr Dent 1989; 11:111-7. [PMID: 2503818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Traditional methods of monitoring sedated pediatric dental patients have major shortcomings. This study evaluated the use of capnography in conjunction with pulse oximetry for monitoring children during conscious sedation for dental treatment. The specific purposes of the study were to determine if capnography would: (1) detect ventilatory changes that subsequently cause an oxyhemoglobin desaturation as detected by pulse oximetry; and (2) detect an airway obstruction. Ten pediatric dental patients (mean age 2 years, 10 months) were sedated with 75 mg/kg of chloral hydrate in strict accordance with the Guidelines for the Elective Use of Conscious Sedation, Deep Sedation, and General Anesthesia in Pediatric Patients of the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry and the American Academy of Pediatrics (1985). All patients were monitored continuously using both capnography and pulse oximetry. Analysis of data obtained using these monitors revealed that specific end-tidal CO2 values were not predictive for subsequent oxyhemoglobin desaturations and that capnography was very accurate in detecting complete obstruction of the airway. Pulse oximetry revealed that all patients had mild oxyhemoglobin desaturations and that 50% had moderate desaturations.
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Kashio Y, Iwasaki J, Chihara K, Kaji H, Kita T, Okimura Y, Fujita T. Pituitary 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 receptors in hyperthyroid- and hypothyroid-rats. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1985; 131:122-8. [PMID: 2994643 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(85)91779-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The binding of 1 alpha,25-dihydroxy (26,27-methyl-[3H]) cholecalciferol ([3H]1,25-(OH)2D3) to its receptor in cytosol of the anterior pituitary cells was examined in hyperthyroid- and hypothyroid rats, as well as in normal rats. The binding capacity increased by 41% in L-Thyroxine-treated hyperthyroid rats and decreased by 49% in propylthiouracil-ingested hypothyroid rats as compared with normal control rats, whereas the affinity of the receptor for [3H]-1,25(OH)2D3 showed no difference among these 3 animal groups. These findings indicate that the number of 1,25(OH)2D3 receptors in the pituitary may be regulated by thyroid hormone, and further suggest that 1,25-(OH)2D3 may play some role in regulating functions of the anterior pituitary.
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Kashio Y, Chihara K, Kaji H, Minamitani N, Kita T, Okimura Y, Abe H, Iwasaki J, Fujita T. Presence of growth hormone-releasing factor-like immunoreactivity in human cerebrospinal fluid. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1985; 60:396-8. [PMID: 3917461 DOI: 10.1210/jcem-60-2-396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Immunoreactive human growth hormone-releasing factor (I-hGRF) in human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was measured by radioimmunoassay using antiserum specific to the C-terminal portion of hGRF(1-44)NH2. Dilution curves of I-hGRF in the CSF were completely parallel to that of synthetic hGRF(1-44)NH2 standard. On Sephadex G-50 column chromatography a single peak of I-hGRF in the CSF was eluted at the position of synthetic hGRF(1-44)NH2. I-hGRF was present in the CSF of all control patients without any endocrine disease (mean +/- SE, 29.3 +/- 2.0 pg/ml) whereas I-hGRF in the CSF was not detectable (less than 5.8 pg/ml) in any of the patients with hypothalamic germinoma. In all patients with idiopathic GH deficiency, I-hGRF in the CSF was measurable but its concentration (15.1 +/- 1.0 pg/ml) was significantly (p less than 0.05) lower than that in the control subjects. No difference in I-hGRF levels of the CSF was observed between patients with acromegaly and control subjects. These findings demonstrate for the first time that I-hGRF is present in human CSF. Measurement of I-hGRF in the CSF may be useful for understanding the pathophysiology of hypothalamo-pituitary diseases.
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Freake HC, Iwasaki J, McCarthy DM. Specific uptake of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol by human chronic myeloid leukemia cells. Cancer Res 1984; 44:3627-31. [PMID: 6331655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
We have examined mononuclear cell preparations from patients with chronic myeloid leukemia [CML] for binding of and response to 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol [1,25-(OH)2D3]. Whole cells specifically took up [3H]-1,25-(OH)2D3 with high affinity (Kd 3.6 X 10(-11) M) and low capacity. Subcellular fractionation of labeled cells showed that binding was restricted to cytosols and nuclei. Sucrose gradient centrifugation of cells preincubated with [3H]-1,25-(OH)2D3 revealed a single 3.6S peak which was totally displaced with 100-fold excess nonradioactive hormone. However, we were unable to demonstrate specific binding of 1,25-(OH)2D3 by postlabeling standard cytosol preparations. In addition, cytosols prepared from a mixture of CML cells and 1,25-(OH)2D3 receptor-positive T47D (human breast cancer) cells had less than 10% of the binding measured in T47D cytosol alone. However, the levels of binding in T47D cytosols were not reduced if the receptors were occupied with [3H]-1,25-(OH)2D3 prior to the addition of the CML cytosols. Thus, CML cells appear to contain both the receptor for 1,25-(OH)2D3 and an unknown substance which prevents its detection following the preparation of cytosol. Cells from patients with CML in the chronic phase specifically bound more 1,25-(OH)2D3 [18.0 +/- 3.2 (S.E.) fmol/10(7) cells] than did those in acute myeloid transformation [7.2 +/- 1.5] or than did cells from patients with acute myeloid leukemia [2.6 +/- 0.8]. Only cells from the first group of patients responded to the addition of 1,25-(OH)2D3 by differentiating along the monocyte-macrophage pathway. We conclude that the differentiation-induction effect of 1,25-(OH)2D3 is likely to depend on adequate levels of receptor and that intact cells rather than cytosol preparations should be studied before cells of a particular tissue are designated as receptor negative.
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Freake HC, Abeyasekera G, Iwasaki J, Marcocci C, MacIntyre I, McClelland RA, Skilton RA, Easton DF, Coombes RC. Measurement of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 receptors in breast cancer and their relationship to biochemical and clinical indices. Cancer Res 1984; 44:1677-81. [PMID: 6322984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Both normal and malignant breast tissue contain the specific receptor for 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25-(OH)2D3). A recent study has shown its presence in 80% of surgically removed breast tumors, although only at low levels. We have measured the 1,25-(OH)2D3 receptor in breast tumors from 68 patients and have found it at similar frequency (75%) but at much higher concentrations (range, less than 1 to 30 fmol/mg protein). This receptor has the same characteristics as that measured in classic 1,25-(OH)2D3 target tissues and was distinguished by sucrose gradient centrifugation from plasma contaminants. Complete case histories and follow-up were available on 56 of these patients, and 1,25-(OH)2D3 receptor status (less than 8 or greater than or equal to 8 fmol/mg protein) was not related to the level of estrogen receptors, menopausal status, T-stage or histology of tumors, or presence of 99mTc phosphate hot spots on bone scans. The lack of relationship between the level of 1,25-(OH)2D3 receptors and other prognostic indicators suggests its potential as a new independent variable for assessing breast cancer patients. However, at this stage, 1,25-(OH)2D3 receptor status did not result in any significant difference in probability of survival or metastasis-free survival. Assessment of the importance of this variable for treatment or outcome must await an increased number of patients and a longer time since surgery.
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Abstract
We examined ten cellular or tissue sources of lymphocytes for specific binding of 1,25(OH)2D3, the hormonally active form of vitamin D3. A specific-binding protein was found in three of these sources. Scatchard analysis of cytosol from a follicular lymphoma cell line revealed binding sites with a Kd of 7.0 X 10(-11) and a receptor concentration of 6.6 fmol/mg protein. Sucrose density centrifugation of 3H-1,25(OH)2D3 labeled cytosol showed a 3.75 peak which was absent in cytosols incubated with excess nonradioactive 1,25(OH)2D3. The relative amounts of vitamin D3 metabolites required to displace 50% of the specifically bound 3H-1,25(OH)2D3 were 1,25(OH)2D3: 1,24,25(OH)3D3: 25(OH)D3: 24,25(OH)2D3 = 1: 180: 1000: 2700. Excess vitamin D3, cortisol, and estradiol failed to displace 3H-1,25(OH)2D3. Scatchard analysis of spleen cytosol from a patient with prolymphocytic transformation of chronic lymphocytic leukemia demonstrated a binding protein with a Kd of 1.2 X 10(-10) and a receptor concentration of 0.2 fmol/mg protein. DNA cellulose binding confirmed the presence of the specific-binding protein in this cytosol. Specific binding of 3H-1,25(OH)2D3 was also quantitated in a cell line from a patient with Burkitt's lymphoma with a Kd of 0.3 X 10(-10) and a receptor concentration of 29.6 fmol/mg protein. No specific binding of 3H-1,25(OH)2D3 was observed in lymphocytes from seven other malignant and nonmalignant sources. These results are the first to demonstrate a specific-binding protein for 1,25(OH)2D3 in lymphocytes from tissue and from these specific cell lines. The presence of this protein in some lymphocytes but not others may reflect the state of activation of the lymphocytes.
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Chihara K, Iwasaki J, Minamitani N, Kaji H, Kodama H, Fujita T, Shirataki K, Tamaki N, Matsumoto S. Prolactin secretion from human prolactinomas perifused in vitro: effect of TRH, prostaglandin E1, theophylline, dopamine and dopamine receptor blockers. Acta Endocrinol (Copenh) 1984; 105:6-13. [PMID: 6421041 DOI: 10.1530/acta.0.1050006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
To clarify the functional characteristics of prolactin (Prl)-producing adenoma cells, the effect of TRH, prostaglandin E1 (PGE1), theophylline, dopamine and dopaminergic antagonists on Prl secretion was examined in vitro in perifused pituitary adenoma tissues obtained at surgery from 8 patients with prolactinoma. Perifusion with TRH at a concentration of 10(-6) to 10(-5) M resulted in a significant increase in effluent Prl levels in 3 of the 8 adenoma tissues. In the remaining 5 adenomas, TRH produced no effect on Prl release in vitro. On the other hand, PGE1 (10(-5) M) stimulated Prl secretion in 2 of the 4 adenomas examined. Addition of theophylline (5.5 mM) caused a marked increase of effluent Prl levels in all 8 prolactinomas regardless of the reactivity to TRH or PGE1. Dopamine (5 X 10(-7) M) suppressed Prl secretion from adenoma tissue in 5 of 7 patients tested but had no effect in the remaining two adenomas. When perifused simultaneously with dopamine, sulpiride (D2-selective dopamine receptor blocker, 5 X 10(-7) M) blocked the inhibitory effect of dopamine on Prl release in 3 of the 4 dopamine-sensitive prolactinomas. In one adenoma responsive to dopamine but resistant to sulpiride, YM-09151-2 (relatively specific D1-dopamine receptor blocker, 5 X 10(-7) M) antagonized the dopaminergic inhibition of Prl release. When perifused alone, neither sulpiride nor YM-09151-2 affected Prl release from any of the adenoma tissues tested.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Abstract
The human breast cancer cell line (T47D) has specific, high affinity calcitonin receptors and calcitonin-responsive adenylate cyclase. Human, salmon and [Asu1,7]eel calcitonin inhibited cell growth in a dose-related manner with almost equipotency. Analogues of human calcitonin demonstrated slight cell growth inhibition. We found extreme growth inhibition with daily treatment with dibutyryl cyclic AMP (10(-4) M). In contrast to calcitonin 1,25-(OH)2D3 had a biphasic effect on cell growth. Physiological doses (5 X 10(-10) M) of 1,25-(OH)2D3 stimulated growth of T47D, whereas treatment by supraphysiological amounts (2.5 X 10(-7) M) caused significant inhibition of growth. Calcitonin and 1,25-(OH)2D3 appeared to have additive effects.
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Minamitani N, Chihara K, Iwasaki J, Matsukura S, Fujita T. Attenuation by hypocalcemia of pulsatile growth hormone secretion in conscious male rats. Neuroendocrinology 1982; 35:405-10. [PMID: 6130487 DOI: 10.1159/000123416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The effect of hypocalcemia following parathyroidectomy (PTX) on growth hormone (GH) secretion was investigated in unrestrained, unanesthetized male rats bearing chronically implanted indwelling cannulae. During a 6-hour period, starting at about 10 a.m., control rats with a serum calcium (Ca) value of 8.11 +/- 0.38 mg/dl (mean +/- SEM) 2 weeks after sham-operation showed secretory bursts of GH similar to those observed in conscious intact rats. Under hypocalcemia of 4.88 +/- 0.32 mg/dl 2 weeks after PTX, GH secretory episodes were completely suppressed throughout the study. Plasma prolactin (PRL) levels were also decreased in PTX rats as compared with those of sham-operated rats. Daily food intake and body weight gain as well as serum T4 levels in PTX rats were not different from those of sham-operated and intact rats. Pituitary GH content of PTX rats was significantly lower than that of sham-operated and control rats. Pulsatile GH secretion was partially restored in PTX rats by raising serum Ca to 8.43 +/- 0.27 mg/dl through feeding with high Ca diet containing 7% Ca. Immediately after intravenous injection of antisomatostatin sheep serum, pulsatile GH surges recovered in PTX rats despite hypocalcemia of 4.48 +/- 0.74 mg/dl. The mean plasma 6-hour GH levels were significantly higher than those of normal sheep-serum-treated PTX rats (p less than 0.001). These findings suggest that the episodic release of GH is suppressed in hypocalcemic rats after PTX, at least partially via circulating endogenous somatostatin.
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Chihara K, Iwasaki J, Iwasaki Y, Minamitani N, Kaji H, Fujita T. Central nervous system effect of calcitonin: stimulation of prolactin release in rats. Brain Res 1982; 248:331-9. [PMID: 6215972 DOI: 10.1016/0006-8993(82)90591-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Effect of [Asu 1,7]eel calcitonin (CT) on prolactin (PRL) release was examined in male rats under urethane anesthesia. Intravenous injection of 4-20 micrograms [Asu1,7]eel CT did not modify plasma PRL levels. Injections of 0.5-2.5 micrograms [Asu1,7]eel CT into the lateral ventricle produce a significant and dose-related increase of plasma PRL within 10 min of injection. When intraventricularly injected in an equimolar dose (0.74 nmol/10 microliters), eel CT11-32, eel CT15-32, [Asu1,7]eel CT1-16 and [Asu1,7]eel CT1-9 showed 44.8, 25.7, 19.9 and 10.1% the potencies of [Asu1,7]eel CT, respectively, in stimulating activity of PRL release. The rise of plasma PRL after [Asu1,7]eel CT injection were significantly less or abolished not only in hypothalamic-lesioned rats but also in rats with complete deafferentation. Pretreatment with alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine (250 mg/kg, 12 h before) but not with p-chlorophenylalanine (300 mg/kg, 72 and 24 h before) resulted in a suppression of [Asu1,7]eel CT-induced PRL release. These results suggest the following: first, PRL release is stimulated by centrally injected [Asu1,7]eel CT, the action site of which may exist in the extrahypothalamic area; second, brain catecholamines may be involved in the mechanism of [Asu1,7]eel CT-evoked PRL release; third, the C-terminal portion of the peptide may play an important role in stimulating PRL release.
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Shirataki K, Sumiyoshi H, Tamaki N, Matsumoto S, Iwasaki J, Chihara K, Yoshimoto Y, Fujita T, Okada S. [Pituitary oncocytoma--a clinical and, light and electron microscopical observation, with special reference to the pathological criteria and secretory function]. No To Shinkei 1982; 34:679-89. [PMID: 7138696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Chihara K, Iwasaki J, Minamitani N, Kaji H, Matsukura S, Tamaki N, Matsumoto S, Fujita T. Effect of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide on growth hormone secretion in perifused acromegalic pituitary adenoma tissues. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1982; 54:773-9. [PMID: 6120948 DOI: 10.1210/jcem-54-4-773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The effects of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), dopamine, and somatostatin (SRIF) on GH secretion were examined in vitro in perifused pituitary adenoma tissues obtained at surgery from seven patients with acromegaly. The perifusion of VIP at 5 x 10(-8) M resulted in a significant increase in effluent GH levels in five of the seven adenomas. A dose-related GH response was observed from 5 x 10(-9) to 5 x 10(-7) M VIP in two adenomas examined. SRIF at 5 x 10(-8) to 10(-7) M suppressed not only baseline secretion of GH but also inhibited GH rises elicited by VIP in six of the seven adenomas. Dopamine at 5 x 10(-7) to 5 x 10(-6) M decreased the baseline secretion of GH in six of the seven adenomas. In four of the six adenomas responsive to dopamine, dopamine suppressed VIP-induced GH release when perifused simultaneously. In the remaining two dopamine-sensitive adenomas in which VIP alone failed to affect GH release, the inhibition by dopamine of GH release was blocked by VIP perifused concomitantly with dopamine. Synthetic TRH or theophylline perifused at the end of the experiment stimulated GH release in all of the adenomas, indicating the viability of tumor cells throughout the study. These results suggest that VIP stimulates GH release by its direct action on pituitary adenoma cells of acromegalic patients and that VIP, SRIF, and dopamine interact at the pituitary level in modulating GH secretion from these adenomas.
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Marcocci C, Freake HC, Iwasaki J, Lopez E, MacIntyre I. Demonstration and organ distribution of the 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-binding protein in fish (A. anguilla). Endocrinology 1982; 110:1347-54. [PMID: 6277600 DOI: 10.1210/endo-110-4-1347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Chihara K, Iwasaki J, Minamitani N, Kobayashi Y, Fujita T. Suppression by intravenous injection of [Asu(1),(7)]-Eel calcitonin of suckling-induced prolactin release in rats. Horm Metab Res 1981; 13:535-6. [PMID: 7298025 DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1019327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Freake HC, Marcocci C, Iwasaki J, MacIntyre I. 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 specifically binds to a human breast cancer cell line (T47D) and stimulates growth. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1981; 101:1131-8. [PMID: 6272774 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(81)91565-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Abe H, Chihara K, Minamitani N, Iwasaki J, Chiba T, Matsukura S, Fujita T. Stimulation by bombesin of immunoreactive somatostatin release into rat hypophysial portal blood. Endocrinology 1981; 109:229-34. [PMID: 6113130 DOI: 10.1210/endo-109-1-229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Bombesin was injected into the cerebral ventricle of male rats anesthetized with urethane to study its effect on plasma levels of immunoreactive somatostatin (IRS) in hypophysial portal and jugular blood. An intraventricular injection of bombesin (0.2 and 2 micrograms/rat) caused a significant and dose-related increase in plasma IRS in hypophysial portal blood but not in jugular blood. Although bombesin placed into the cerebral ventricle is known to stimulate glucagon and epinephrine release, an iv injection of glucagon (100 micrograms/100 g BW) or epinephrine (2.5 micrograms/100 g BW) did not cause any significant changes in plasma IRS levels in hypophysial portal and jugular blood, suggesting that these substances do not mediate bombesin stimulation of portal IRS release. Pretreatment with naloxone (75 micrograms/100 g BW, iv) failed to affect the portal IRS release induced by bombesin (2 micrograms/rat), indicating that the opiate receptor is not likely to be involved in this reaction. To ascertain whether IRS released by bombesin into hypophysial portal blood is biologically active, the effect of bombesin on the plasma GH level was then examined. Bombesin (2 micrograms/rat) injected intraventricularly completely suppressed the rise of plasma GH after the intraventricular injection of beta-endorphin (1 microgram/rat) or the iv injection of prostaglandin E1 (5 micrograms/100 g BW). Bombesin thus appears to stimulate the secretion of IRS, and probably biologically active somatostatin as well, from the hypothalamus into hypophysial portal blood, thereby inhibiting GH release from the anterior pituitary.
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Isobe T, Tsunenari T, Yamanishi J, Itoh T, Tsutsumi M, Iwasaki J, Matsumoto J, Yamauchi Y, Tsuboi S, Fujita T, Nakamura M, Yamaguchi N. [A case of cold agglutinin syndrome (author's transl)]. Rinsho Ketsueki 1980; 21:1415-9. [PMID: 7452926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Abstract
Synthetic vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) administered either intraventricularly or iv caused a significant and dose-related increase in plasma PRL levels in urethane-anesthetized rats. The administration of naloxone, an opiate receptor antagonist, significantly blunted the plasma PRL response to VIP. Increases in plasma PRL induced by VIP were also significantly suppressed by L-dopa, a precursor of dopamine, whereas pilocarpine, a cholinergic agonist, diphenhydramine, a histamine antagonist, and cyproheptadine, an antiserotoninergic agent, did not affect the plasma PRL response to VIP. In in vitro experiments, VIP alone did not stimulate PRL release from cultured pituitary cells, but it significantly attenuated the inhibitory action of dopamine, which was not blocked by naloxone. These results suggest that VIP stimulates rat PRL secretion, at least in part, through activation of an opiate receptor in the central nervous system and by blocking the inhibitory action of a dopaminergic mechanism at the pituitary level.
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Kato Y, Chihara K, Abe H, Iwasaki J, Iwasaki Y. [Effects of biogenic amines and related neurotransmitter substances on the secretion of growth hormone]. Horumon To Rinsho 1977; 25:269-76. [PMID: 16709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Tsuzuki M, Matsuo T, Ishibashi T, Iwasaki J, Suzuki K. [Laboratory and clinical studies on clindamycin in oral surgery]. Nihon Koku Geka Gakkai Zasshi 1971; 17:165-71. [PMID: 5287255 DOI: 10.5794/jjoms.17.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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