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Kim DK, Lee KC, Kim JK. Sacroiliitis in inflammatory bowel disease on abdominal computed tomography: prevalence, misses, and associated factors. Scand J Rheumatol 2024:1-7. [PMID: 38686835 DOI: 10.1080/03009742.2024.2337453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the prevalence and rate of a missed diagnosis of sacroiliitis on abdominal computed tomography (CT) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Factors associated with sacroiliitis were also assessed. METHOD This retrospective study included 210 patients with IBD (mean age 31.1 years) who underwent abdominal CT. Based on a validated abdominal CT scoring tool, bilateral sacroiliac (SI) joints on abdominal CT in the whole study population were retrospectively reviewed. Subsequently, patients were classified into the 'patients with sacroiliitis' group and the 'patients without sacroiliitis' group. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were used to clarify the factors associated with sacroiliitis. RESULTS Sacroiliitis was identified in 26 out of 210 patients (12.4%). However, sacroiliitis was recognized on the primary reading in only five of these 26 patients (19.2%) and was missed on the initial report in the remaining 21 patients (80.8%). Among the 21 patients, 20 (95.2%) were finally diagnosed with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA). There was a higher prevalence of female sex (p = 0.04), upper gastrointestinal involvement (p = 0.04), and back pain (p < 0.01) in patients with sacroiliitis than in those without sacroiliitis. However, on multivariate analysis, back pain was the only factor associated with sacroiliitis (p = 0.01). CONCLUSION Physicians should carefully evaluate SI joints on abdominal CT in patients with IBD to enable early detection of sacroiliitis, potentially leading to an early diagnosis of axSpA. In addition, if patients with IBD present with back pain, the possibility of sacroiliitis should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- D K Kim
- Department of Radiology, The Armed Forces Capital Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
- Department of Radiology, Severance Hospital, Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K-C Lee
- Department of Radiology, The Armed Forces Capital Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
- Department of Radiology, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J K Kim
- Department of Radiology, The Armed Forces Capital Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
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Choi JH, Suh JD, Kim I, Kim JK, Cho JH. Changes in sensitization rates for respiratory and food allergens by age. Clin Exp Allergy 2024; 54:219-221. [PMID: 38037524 DOI: 10.1111/cea.14435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Ho Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Jeffrey D Suh
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Intae Kim
- Seegene Medical Foundation, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Kook Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Hoon Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
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Jung T, Choi BY, Jang M, Kim T, Seo E, Kim JK. Comparative Analysis of Olfactory and Gustatory Function of Patients With COVID-19 Olfactory Dysfunction and Non-COVID-19 Postinfectious Olfactory Dysfunction. J Korean Med Sci 2023; 38:e352. [PMID: 37935167 PMCID: PMC10627727 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2023.38.e352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is known to have a high incidence of loss of smell and taste. However, studies in the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic have evaluated these symptoms using subjective surveys and simple olfactory tests only. Hence, we compared the olfactory and gustatory characteristics of patient groups with COVID-19 olfactory dysfunction (C19OD) and non-COVID-19 postinfectious olfactory dysfunction (PIOD) using an objective olfactory test and evaluated the significance of olfactory training in both patient groups. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 14 patients with a decreased sense of smell after having positive COVID-19 polymerase chain reaction results, and 56 patients with PIOD with no history of confirmed COVID-19. Participants were evaluated using the Korean version of the Sniffin' stick (KVSS) II, and chemical gustometry and olfactory training was assessed during their first visit. Olfactory training was then re-evaluated after an average of 8 (± 6) weeks. RESULTS The average age of participants in the C19OD group was lower than in those in the non-COVID-19 PIOD group. The proportion of men in the C19OD group was higher than in the non-COVID-19 PIOD group. At baseline assessment, the C19OD group had better olfactory and gustatory functions. After olfactory training, the non-COVID-19 PIOD patient group showed a significant increase in all KVSS II Total, T, D, and I scores, but there was a non-significant increase in all scores in the C19OD group. CONCLUSION The C19OD group had better olfactory and gustatory function than the non-COVID-19 PIOD group at the initial assessment. After olfactory training, there was an increase in olfactory function test scores in both groups. Olfactory training may be helpful in C19OD, as in non-COVID-19 PIOD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taesik Jung
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bo Yoon Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Minho Jang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Taehee Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - EunHye Seo
- Korea mRNA Vaccine Initiative, Gachon University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jin Kook Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Han SA, Kim JK, Cho DY, Patel ZM, Rhee CS. The Olfactory System: Basic Anatomy and Physiology for General Otorhinolaryngologists. Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol 2023; 16:308-316. [PMID: 37669740 PMCID: PMC10710919 DOI: 10.21053/ceo.2023.00185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Olfaction is one of the five basic human senses, and it is known to be one of the most primitive senses. The sense of olfaction may have been critical for human survival in prehistoric society, and although many believe its importance has diminished over time, it continues to have an impact on human interaction, bonding, and propagation of the species. Even if we are unaware of it, the sense of smell greatly affects our lives and is closely related to overall quality of life and health. Nonetheless, olfaction has been neglected from a scientific perspective compared to other senses. However, olfaction has recently received substantial attention since the loss of smell and taste has been noted as a key symptom of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Studies investigating olfaction loss in association with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have revealed that olfactory dysfunction can be both conductive and sensorineural, possibly causing structural changes in the brain. Olfactory training is an effective treatment for olfactory dysfunction, suggesting the reorganization of neural associations. A reduced ability to smell may also alert suspicion for neurodegenerative or psychiatric disorders. Here, we summarize the basic knowledge that we, as otorhinolaryngologists, should have about the sense of smell and the peripheral and central olfactory pathways for managing and helping patients with olfactory dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun A Han
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Kook Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Do-Yeon Cho
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
- Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, Veterans Affairs, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Zara M. Patel
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Chae-Seo Rhee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Sensory Organ Research Institute and Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea
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Whitcroft KL, Altundag A, Balungwe P, Boscolo-Rizzo P, Douglas R, Enecilla MLB, Fjaeldstad AW, Fornazieri MA, Frasnelli J, Gane S, Gudziol H, Gupta N, Haehner A, Hernandez AK, Holbrook EH, Hopkins C, Hsieh JW, Huart C, Husain S, Kamel R, Kim JK, Kobayashi M, Konstantinidis I, Landis BN, Lechner M, Macchi A, Mazal PP, Miri I, Miwa T, Mori E, Mullol J, Mueller CA, Ottaviano G, Patel ZM, Philpott C, Pinto JM, Ramakrishnan VR, Roth Y, Schlosser RJ, Stjärne P, Van Gerven L, Vodicka J, Welge-Luessen A, Wormald PJ, Hummel T. Position paper on olfactory dysfunction: 2023. Rhinology 2023; 61:1-108. [PMID: 37454287 DOI: 10.4193/rhin22.483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since publication of the original Position Paper on Olfactory Dysfunction in 2017 (PPOD-17), the personal and societal burden of olfactory disorders has come sharply into focus through the lens of the COVID-19 pandemic. Clinicians, scientists and the public are now more aware of the importance of olfaction, and the impact of its dysfunction on quality of life, nutrition, social relationships and mental health. Accordingly, new basic, translational and clinical research has resulted in significant progress since the PPOD-17. In this updated document, we present and discuss currently available evidence for the diagnosis and management of olfactory dysfunction. Major updates to the current version include, amongst others: new recommendations on olfactory related terminology; new imaging recommendations; new sections on qualitative OD and COVID-19 OD; updated management section. Recommendations were agreed by all co-authors using a modified Delphi process. CONCLUSIONS We have provided an overview of current evidence and expert-agreed recommendations for the definition, investigation, and management of OD. As for our original Position Paper, we hope that this updated document will encourage clinicians and researchers to adopt a common language, and in so doing, increase the methodological quality, consistency, and generalisability of work in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Whitcroft
- Smell and Taste Clinic, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- and UCL Ear Institute, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK
- and The Centre for Olfactory Research and Applications, Institute of Philosophy, School of Advanced Studies, University of London, London, UK
| | - A Altundag
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Istanbul Surgery Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - P Balungwe
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Catholique de Bukavu, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
- and Hôpital Provincial Général de Référence de Bukavu, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - P Boscolo-Rizzo
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, Section of Otolaryngology, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - R Douglas
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - M L B Enecilla
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, St. Luke's Medical Center, Global City, Philippines
- and Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Asian Hospital and Medical Center, Muntinlupa, Philippines
- and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical Center Taguig, Taguig, Philippines
| | - A W Fjaeldstad
- The Centre for Olfactory Research and Applications, Institute of Philosophy, School of Advanced Studies, University of London, London, UK
- and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Clinic for Flavour, Balance and Sleep, Regional Hospital Gødstrup, Herning, Denmark
- and Department of Clinical Medicine, Flavour Institute, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- and Center for Eudaimonia and Human Flourishing, Linacre College, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - M A Fornazieri
- Department of Clinical Surgery, Universidade Estadual de Londrina and Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Londrina, Brazil
| | - J Frasnelli
- Research Chair in Chemosensory Neuroanatomy, Department of Anatomy, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
- and Centre for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - S Gane
- The Centre for Olfactory Research and Applications, Institute of Philosophy, School of Advanced Studies, University of London, London, UK
- and Royal National Throat Nose and Ear Hospital, UCLH, London
| | - H Gudziol
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - N Gupta
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - A Haehner
- Smell and Taste Clinic, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - A K Hernandez
- Smell and Taste Clinic, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- and Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Asian Hospital and Medical Center, Muntinlupa, Philippines
- and Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines - Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - E H Holbrook
- Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - C Hopkins
- Guys and St Thomas NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - J W Hsieh
- Rhinology-Olfactology Unit, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - C Huart
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
- and Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - S Husain
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - R Kamel
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - J K Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Konkuk University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - M Kobayashi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - I Konstantinidis
- Smell and Taste Clinic, Second Academic Otorhinolaryngology Department, Papageorgiou Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - B N Landis
- Rhinology-Olfactology Unit, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M Lechner
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
- and UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
- and ENT Department, Homerton Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - A Macchi
- ENT Clinic, University of Insubria, ASST Sette Laghi, Varese, Italy
| | - P P Mazal
- Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - I Miri
- Service Médecine Physique Réadaptation fonctionnelle, Institut Mohamed Kassab d'Orthopédie, Mannouba, Tunisia
| | - T Miwa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - E Mori
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Jikei University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - J Mullol
- Rhinology Unit and Smell Clinic, ENT Department, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona
- IDIBAPS
- CIBERES. Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - C A Mueller
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - G Ottaviano
- Department of Neurosciences DNS, Otolaryngology Section, University, Padua, Italy
| | - Z M Patel
- Department of Otolaryngology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - C Philpott
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
- and The Smell and Taste Clinic, James Paget University Hospital, Gorleston, UK
| | - J M Pinto
- Section of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Chicago Medicine and Biological Sciences, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - V R Ramakrishnan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Indiana University of School Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Y Roth
- The Institute for Nose and Sinus Therapy and Clinical Investigations, Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Edith Wolfson Medical Center, Tel Aviv University Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Holon, Israel
| | - R J Schlosser
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - P Stjärne
- Section of Rhinology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - L Van Gerven
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, UZ Leuven, Belgium
- and Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Otorhinolaryngology, KU Leuven, Belgium
- and Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Unit, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - J Vodicka
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Hospital Pardubice, Faculty of Health Studies, University of Pardubice, Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - A Welge-Luessen
- University Hospital Basel - Otorhinolaryngology, Basel, Switzerland
| | - P J Wormald
- Department of Surgery-Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - T Hummel
- Smell and Taste Clinic, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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Kim JK, Tam M, Karp JM, Oh C, Kim G, Solomon E, Concert CM, Vaezi AE, Li Z, Tran T, Zan E, Corby P, Feron-Rigodon M, Del Vecchio Fitz C, Goldberg JD, Hochman T, Givi B, Jacobson A, Persky M, Hu KS. A Phase II Trial Evaluating Rapid Mid-Treatment Nodal Shrinkage to Select for Adaptive Deescalation in p16+ Oropharyngeal Cancer Patients Undergoing Definitive Chemoradiation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:S68-S69. [PMID: 37784553 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) The purpose of this study is to determine if rapid mid-treatment nodal shrinkage (RMNS) can identify patients with p16+ oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) who can be safely deescalated with reduced dose chemoradiation therapy (CRT). The primary endpoint was 2-year progression free survival (PFS). MATERIALS/METHODS Inclusion criteria were as follows: T1-3, N1, M0 (AJCC 8th edition) p16+ OPC with <10 pack-year smoking history. All patients were initially planned for standard dose CRT (70 Gy) and weekly cisplatin. Patients were evaluated with a CT scan at week 4 for RMNS, defined as >40% nodal volumetric reduction from baseline. If RMNS was achieved, they proceeded to deescalated CRT (60 Gy). If not, they received standard CRT. Biomarker correlates were collected at baseline and week 4 of CRT including plasma TTMV (tumor tissue modified viral) HPV DNA and MRI diffusion weighted imaging (DWI). Univariate logistic regression analyses (UVA) were performed to evaluate predictors of RMNS. Odds ratios with 95% CI are reported, using a p<0.05 for statistical significance with a two-sided test. Wilcoxon rank sum tests were used to evaluate differences between the two groups using p < 0.05, 2-sided) for statistical significance. All statistical procedures were performed using R () with no adjustments for multiple testing. RESULTS Thirty-six patients were enrolled: median age: 60 years; 81% male; primary site: 36% base of tongue, 53% tonsil, 11% both; T-stage: 39% T1, 50% T2, 11% T3; N-stage: 100% N1; any smoking history: 58% yes, 42% no; 67% (n = 24) had RMNS and received deescalated CRT while the remaining proceeded to standard CRT. At a median follow-up of 32.4 months, 2-year PFS between the standard and deescalated groups were 91.7% vs 90.9%, respectively (p = 0.97). All patients with recurrence underwent successful salvage treatment with 2-year OS 100% for all patients. On UVA, rapid TTMV HPV DNA clearance (baseline to week 4) (OR 12.0 [1.65-250], p = 0.034), lower MRI diffusivity (ADC) at baseline (OR 0.79 [0.61-0.97], p = 0.042) and week 4 (OR 0.76 [0.60-0.91], p = 0.009), and higher MRI diffusional kurtosis at baseline (OR 1.09 [1.01-1.21], p = 0.051) and week 4 (OR 1.24 [1.09-1.52], p = 0.009) were significantly associated with RMNS. When comparing the deescalated and standard cohorts, the mean baseline and week 4 MRI ADC were significantly lower and week 4 MRI diffusional kurtosis was significantly higher in the deescalated group. CONCLUSION In this phase II study, rapid mid-treatment nodal shrinkage appeared to select favorable risk p16+ oropharynx cancer patients for treatment de-escalation. Rapid clearance of TTMV HPV DNA at week 4 as well as MRI DWI biomarkers of low ADC and high diffusional kurtosis values were correlated with RMNS. A larger study is planned to incorporate RMNS and biomarkers for further treatment de-escalation. Additional trial information is available at ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier: NCT03215719).
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY
| | - M Tam
- Department of Radiation Oncology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY
| | - J M Karp
- NYU Grossman School of Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, New York City, NY
| | - C Oh
- Biostatistics, Department of Population Health, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY
| | - G Kim
- NYU Langone Health, New York, NY
| | - E Solomon
- Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY
| | - C M Concert
- Department of Radiation Oncology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY
| | - A E Vaezi
- Perlmutter Cancer Center NYU Langone Long Island, Mineola, NY
| | - Z Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY
| | - T Tran
- Department of Otolaryngology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY
| | - E Zan
- NYU School of Medicine and Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - P Corby
- University of Pennsylvania, School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | | | - J D Goldberg
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - T Hochman
- NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - B Givi
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - A Jacobson
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY
| | - M Persky
- Department of Otolaryngology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY
| | - K S Hu
- NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
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Kim YS, Suh JD, Kim JK, Cho JH. Comparison of body size perception of young women in Korea and the United States. Women Health 2023; 63:266-276. [PMID: 36849421 DOI: 10.1080/03630242.2023.2183345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Body size perception among young women in Asian and Western countries is believed to be quite different, however, there are no confirming studies. We analyzed the data from young women aged between 20 and 40 who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2001-2018) of the United States (US) and Korea. US young women had higher rates of being overweight and obesity than Korean young women, and there was no significant change over 20 years. In both countries, the percentage of properly estimating one's own weight exceeded 70 percent and remained relatively steady. The percentage of overestimating one's own weight was only about 10 percent in Korea in 2001, but increased to 20 percent. In the case of the US, the percentage was about 15 percent in 2001-2002, but has since continued to decline. The percentage of underestimating one's own body weight was about 18 percent in Korea in 2001, but decreased to about 8 percent. In the case of the US, the percentage was very low at about 10 percent in 2001-2002, but gradually increased to about 18 percent in 2017-2018. In conclusion, young women in the US tend to underestimate their body size, and those in Korea tend to overestimate it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon-Sook Kim
- Department of Quality Improvement, Konkuk University Medical Centre, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeffrey D Suh
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jin Kook Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Hoon Cho
- Department of Quality Improvement, Konkuk University Medical Centre, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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Park CS, Cho JH, Lee HM, Kim KS, Kim JK, Kim DY, Baek BJ, Kim HJ, Kim YD, Hwang CS, Kim ST, Cho SH, Kim YM, Lee SH, Jeong JH, In SM, Kim BG. Clinical Trial to Reconfirm the Efficacy and Safety of Cefetamet Pivoxil Treatment in Sinusitis Patients: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Parallel Designed, Multicenter, Active Comparator Study (CASIS Study). Ear Nose Throat J 2023; 102:101-109. [PMID: 34427151 DOI: 10.1177/01455613211036236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of cefetamet pivoxil for the treatment of acute bacterial rhinosinusitis in Korean patients compared to treatment with cefdinir. METHODS A prospective, multicenter, randomized double-blind, comparative study was conducted by the Departments of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery at 17 hospitals or universities in the Republic of Korea from March 2017 to April 2019. A total of 309 patients were screened and 249 patients participated in the study. RESULTS Treatment with cefetamet pivoxil for 2 weeks showed 82.4% clinical cure and improvement rates in patients with acute bacterial rhinosinusitis compared to 84.68% in those taking cefdinir for 2 weeks, showing that cefetamet pivoxil administered twice a day for 2 weeks was as effective as cefdinir 3 times a day for 2 weeks for the treatment of acute bacterial rhinosinusitis. The overall adverse reaction rates of both drugs were 10.56% in the cefetamet pivoxil group and 15.49% in the cefdinir group, without serious adverse events or drug reactions. CONCLUSIONS Cefetamet pivoxil twice a day was as efficacious and safe as cefdinir 3 times a day for the treatment of acute bacterial rhinosinusitis, which suggested that cefetamet pivoxil may be a suitable alternative to cefdinir.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan-Soon Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Catholic University. of Korea, College of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hee Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Catholic University. of Korea, College of Medicine, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Heung-Man Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University, Guro Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Su Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Kook Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Young Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung Joon Baek
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine Cheonan Hospital, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jun Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Ajou University Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Dae Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Yeungnam University Medical Center, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi Sang Hwang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Tae Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Hyun Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Min Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hoon Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, ANSAN Hospital, Korea University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hyeok Jeong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Guri Hospital, Hanyang University, Guri, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Min In
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Konyang University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Guk Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Eunpyung St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Seo EH, Lee SH, Choi BY, Oh CS, Kim JK. Exogenous Lipoxin A4 attenuates IL4-induced Mucin Expression in Human Airway Epithelial Cells. Int J Med Sci 2023; 20:406-414. [PMID: 36860679 PMCID: PMC9969498 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.79525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-4 (IL-4) induces mucus hypersecretion by human airway epithelial cells and the MAP kinase signalling pathway may be important in terms of IL-4-induced MUC5AC gene expression. Lipoxin A4 (LXA4) is an arachidonic acid-derived mediator that promotes inflammation by binding to the anti-inflammatory receptors (ALXs) or the formyl-peptide receptor like-1 (FPRL1) protein expressed by airway epithelial cells. Here, we explore the effects of LXA4 on IL-4-induced mucin gene expression in, and secretion from, human airway epithelial cells. Methods: We co-treated cells with IL-4 (20 ng/mL) and LXA4 (1 nM) and measured the expression levels of mRNAs encoding MUC5AC and 5B via real-time polymerase chain reaction; protein expression levels were determined by Western blotting and immunocytofluorescence. The ability of IL-4 and LXA4 to suppress protein expression was determined by Western blotting. Results: IL-4 increased MUC5AC and 5B gene and protein expression. LXA4 suppressed IL-4-induced MUC5AC and 5B gene and protein expression by interacting with the IL4 receptor and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, including both phospho-p38 MAPK and phospho-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (phospho-ERK). IL-4 and LXA4 increased and decreased, respectively, the number of cells that stained with anti-MUC5AC and 5B antibodies. Conclusions: LXA4 may regulate mucus hypersecretion induced by IL4 in human airway epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Hye Seo
- BKPlus21, Department of Microbiology, School of medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Hyun Lee
- BKPlus21, Department of Microbiology, School of medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bo Yoon Choi
- Departments of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, School of medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chung-Sik Oh
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Kook Kim
- Departments of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, School of medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
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10
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Kim JK, Loo C, Kim JS, Pranskevich C, Gordon OK. Can Acupuncture be a Part of the Treatment for Breast Cancer-Related Lymphedema? A Systematic Review of the Safety and Proposed Model for Care. Lymphology 2023; 56:27-39. [PMID: 38019877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Acupuncture is a potential therapy for breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL). Despite a recent meta-analysis on efficacy, data on acupuncture safety in BCRL are lacking. Current clinical guidelines recommend avoiding needling in the upper extremity affected by lymph node dissection. We undertook a systematic review focusing on acupuncture safety and treatment protocols in clinical trials for BCRL. Literature searches were conducted in PubMed, Ovid, CINAHL, and Cochrane library. Eight clinical trials on acupuncture for BCRL were analyzed. The Standards of Acupuncture intervention (STRICTA 2010) and Cochrane risk of bias (RoB2 2019) were applied to assess methods for acupuncture interventions within Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) framework. Quantity and severity of adverse events (AE) were reviewed. A total of 189 subjects participated in 8 clinical trials with 2965 acupuncture treatments. No serious adverse events (SAE) were reported regardless of treatment laterality or protocol, with only a single grade 2 skin infection in 2,965 total treatments (0.034%), including 1,165 bilateral and 225 ipsilateral treatments. Our comprehensive review of clinical trials of acupuncture for BCRL demonstrated no significant adverse events in 2,965 treatments, including 1,390 in the affected limb. An approach for routine integration of acupuncture into BCRL maintenance therapy is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Kim
- Disney Family Cancer Center, Providence St Joseph Medical Center, Burbank, CA, USA
- Emperors College Traditional Oriental Medicine, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - C Loo
- Licensed Acupuncturist, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - J S Kim
- Undergraduate, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - C Pranskevich
- Disney Family Cancer Center, Providence St Joseph Medical Center, Burbank, CA, USA
| | - O K Gordon
- Disney Family Cancer Center, Providence St Joseph Medical Center, Burbank, CA, USA
- St John Cancer Institute and UCLA Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
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11
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Choi BY, Kim JK, Cho JH. A Review of a Recent Meta-Analysis Study on Obstructive Sleep Apnea. J Rhinol 2022. [DOI: 10.18787/jr.2022.00422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper summarizes a recent meta-analysis of various topics in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). In addition to cardiovascular disease and neurocognitive dysfunction, a wide variety of diseases have been associated with OSA, and associations with cancer have also been reported. Although continuous positive airway pressure is a very effective treatment, the results have shown that it does not reduce the incidence of various complications. It has been reported that uvulopalatopharyngoplasty was effective, and robotic surgery for the tongue root and hypoglossal nerve stimulation were also effective. The effectiveness of various medications to reduce daytime sleepiness has also been demonstrated. Although exercise lowered the apnea-hypopnea index, it was not related to changes in body composition, and it was also reported that exercise combined with weight control were effective. Additionally, interesting and clinically meaningful meta-analysis results were summarized and presented.
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12
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Hwang SH, Kim JS, Choi BY, Kim JK, Kim BG. Practical Review of Olfactory Training and COVID-19. J Rhinol 2022. [DOI: 10.18787/jr.2022.00407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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13
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Park JY, Choi BY, Kim H, Jung T, Kim JK. Olfactory training assists in olfactory recovery after sinonasal surgery. Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol 2022; 7:1733-1739. [PMID: 36544953 PMCID: PMC9764765 DOI: 10.1002/lio2.955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Olfactory dysfunction is a common complaint in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of olfactory training (OT) in patients with CRS after sinonasal surgery. Methods We enrolled 111 patients with CRS who underwent sinonasal surgery. Prior to surgery and 3 months after starting OT, the participants were assessed by both an olfactory function test and endoscopy. The Korean version of the Sniffin' Stick II (KVSS-II) was used to perform the olfactory function test. Over the course of 3 months, five odorants were used in OT (rose, lemon, cinnamon, orange, and peach). Results Over a 12-week duration, 37% of the participants in the OT group showed clinically relevant increase in olfactory function. The OT group had significantly higher olfactory outcomes for the total KVSS-II and identification scores than the non-OT group between the initial and follow-up assessments. The initial score influenced the degree of olfactory improvement after OT. Conclusions Patients with OT exhibited significantly higher total KVSS-II scores compared with non-OT patients following sinonasal surgery; in particular, the odor identification score was different between the two groups. The results of this study demonstrated that a 12-week period of repeated short-term exposure to various odors could be useful in enhancing olfactory activity in patients who underwent sinonasal surgery for the improvement of sensory-neural olfactory impairment. Level of evidence 2c.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joon Yong Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology—Head and Neck SurgeryKonkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Bo Yoon Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology—Head and Neck SurgeryKonkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Hansol Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology—Head and Neck SurgeryKonkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Taesik Jung
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology—Head and Neck SurgeryKonkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Jin Kook Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology—Head and Neck SurgeryKonkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea,Research institute of Medical ScienceKonkuk University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
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14
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Kim I, Minn D, Kim S, Kim JK, Cho JH. KOREAN AEROALLERGEN SENSITIZATION STATUS FROM 2018-2021. Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol 2022; 15:254-263. [PMID: 35619237 PMCID: PMC9441505 DOI: 10.21053/ceo.2022.00248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives. Studies on the aeroallergen sensitization status of South Koreans based on large-scale data are lacking. Methods. We analyzed data from 368,156 multiple allergosorbent tests collected by a domestic medical diagnosis company from 3,735 hospitals nationwide from 2018 to 2021. We additionally collected sex, age, and regional data. If the level of an aeroallergen was 0.35 IU/mL or more, the test result for that aeroallergen was defined as positive, and positive cases were defined as those where one aeroallergen was positive. The positive ratio (PR) for aeroallergens was calculated using positive cases. Results. In total, 347,996 cases were analyzed, excluding cases with missing data. The percentage of positive cases was 56.7%, which was highest in adolescents (74.1%) and lowest in the elderly (47.0%). All four types of mites had high PRs (0.382–0.655), and mold had low PRs (0.023–0.058). Among pollens, the PRs of grasses were generally high (more than 0.14), followed by weeds (approximately 0.10), and the PRs of woods was less than 0.1. For animals, cats and dogs had the highest PRs, at 0.231 and 0.183, respectively. The value for cockroaches was also high, at 0.211. The PRs of indoor aeroallergens, such as mites, molds, and animals, were high in adolescents, and those of pollen and cockroaches were high in the elderly. In Jeju, the PR of Japanese cedars was extremely high (0.222). Conclusion. Koreans were found to be sensitized to a wide variety of aeroallergens. There were significant differences in sensitization patterns according to age and region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Intae Kim
- Seegene Medical Foundation, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Suhyun Kim
- Seegene Medical Foundation, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Kook Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Hoon Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
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15
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Lee EJ, Do Han K, Kim SY, Suh JD, Kim JK, Cho JH. Increased incidence of leukemia in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: Results from the national insurance claim data 2007–2014. Sleep Med 2022; 96:113-118. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2022.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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16
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Kim H, Jung T, Park JY, Lee J, Cho JH, Kim JK. A Retrospective CT Analysis for Prelacrimal Window Access to Maxillary Sinus. J Rhinol 2022. [DOI: 10.18787/jr.2021.00394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The prelacrimal window approach (PLWA) is useful for treating anterior maxillary sinus lesions. A previous study reported that the feasibility of PLWA in Chinese patients was 93.0%, which is higher than that in the European population (68.5%). This study aimed to compare the ease of PLWA between a patient group and healthy controls and to analyze the results for Koreans compared to those of previous studies. Differences between the patient and control groups and the distribution of types in the Korean population were evaluated.Methods: We analyzed 89 paranasal computed tomography (CT) scans from 51 controls and 38 patients (178 sides). We measured the distance distribution between the anterior wall of the maxillary sinus and the anterior wall of the lacrimal duct (D1) and its thickness (T). We compared the values in the control and patient groups.Results: D1 and D2 were similar between the patient and control groups (p=0.395, p=0.344), though T was greater in the patient group (p<0.001). In the patient group, sinus with inverted papilloma (IP) and normal sinus were not significantly different for any of these measures. The D1 distribution in Koreans did not differ significantly from that of Chinese but did differ from that of Europeans.Conclusion: The ease of PLWA was 92.2% in Koreans, which is more similar to that of Chinese (93.0%) than to that of Europeans (68.5%). D1 and D2 of the patient group did not differ from those of the control group, but T was greater in the patient group. In the patient group, D1 and D2 were not significantly different between sinus with IP and normal sinus. The frequency of type 2+3 in patients was similar to that of the control group.
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Chun EJ, Kim JK, Yang SY, Kim SS, Kim CW. Development of a nucleic acid-based lateral flow assay to diagnose ordinary scabies. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021; 36:e282-e285. [PMID: 34758167 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.17810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E J Chun
- Department of Dermatology, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J K Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S Y Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S S Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - C W Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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18
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Min JY, Kim YM, Kim DW, Kim JW, Kim JK, Mo JH, Shin JM, Cho KS, Kwak S, Shin SH. Risk Model Establishment of Endoscopic Sinus Surgery for Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis: a Multicenter Study in Korea. J Korean Med Sci 2021; 36:e264. [PMID: 34664801 PMCID: PMC8524236 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2021.36.e264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) is the mainstay treatment for refractory chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Since various factors may contribute to the surgical outcome, it is challenging for physicians to predict surgical outcomes. The aim of study was to analyze the prognostic factors of postoperative outcomes and to establish the prediction model with the risk factors that impact the postoperative outcomes. METHODS Medical records of CRS patients who underwent ESS at 9 institutions in 2005, 2010, and 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. We classified the patients into 2 groups based on postoperative objective endoscopic outcomes. Demographics, nose-specific symptoms, olfactory function, eosinophil counts in blood (EoB) and nasal tissue (EoT), and Lund-Mackay CT score (LMS) were collected. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed and established a prediction equation for postoperative endoscopic objective outcomes. RESULTS In total (n = 1,249), 27.0% were not satisfied under postoperative endoscopic examination. Of 10 variables, LMS (> 5), sinus dominancy (maxillary sinus and ethmoid sinus), EoB (> 210), and EoT (> 100) were statistically significant in univariate analysis (P < 0.05, all). In multivariate analysis, EoT (> 100) and LMS (> 5) were significantly associated with poor postoperative outcome. Furthermore, 5 significant variables were employed to establish the risk model of postoperative outcomes and P (the value of prediction probability) = 1 / (1 + exp [-0.392 + 1.088 × EoT (> 100) + 0.123 × mean LMS (> 5) - 0.366 × sinus dominancy (maxillary) + 0.064 × sinus dominancy (similar) + 0.200 × EoB (4%) + 0.344 × EoB (> 210)] was developed. CONCLUSION Tissue eosinophil count and radiographic severity predispose to a poorer outcome of ESS and the risk model established may be helpful to predict postoperative outcomes of ESS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Young Min
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Min Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Dae Woo Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong-Whun Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Kook Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji-Hun Mo
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Dankook University, College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Jae-Min Shin
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyu-Sup Cho
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Sanggyu Kwak
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu, Korea
| | - Seung-Heon Shin
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu, Korea.
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Kim JK. Prognostic implication of left atrial strain in patients undergoing totally thoracoscopic ablation of atrial fibrillation. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common form of arrhythmia and associated with poor quality of life. Totally thoracoscopic ablation (TTA) is a novel minimally invasive strategy for symptomatic atrial fibrillation (AF) refractory to other therapy. However, some of patients undergoing TTA are still exposed to a risk of AF recurrence.
Purpose
The aim of this study is to investigate prognostic factors related with AF recurrence after TTA, and to determine the prognostic implication of left atrial (LA) strain in this population.
Methods
This was a prospective observational study. Between February 2012 and March 2015, left atrial appendage (LAA) was harvested from patients who underwent TTA in our Medical Center. Degree of LAA fibrosis was expressed as the percentage of area of positive collagen staining in the total area of the image of specimen. All echocardiographic parameters were measured in preoperative echocardiography. The primary outcome was any recurrence of AF detected in 12- lead electrocardiogram or holter monitoring during 5 years of follow-up.
Results
Out of 150 patients who underwent TTA during the study period, 129 were eligible for analysis with appropriate surgery, LAA specimen, and echocardiographic images. A mean age was 54.4±8.8 years, and 123 patients (95.3%) were male. Twenty four patients (18.6%) had paroxysmal AF and a mean CHA2DS2 VASc score was 1.1±1.2. A median value of peak longitudinal LA strain (reservoir strain) was 15.2% (IQR 12.1–19.2), and the median value of LAA fibrosis was 38.5% (IQR 33.0–44.7). Among clinical and echocardiographic variables, peak longitudinal LA strain (p<0.001) and left ventricular ejection fraction (p=0.044) were significantly associated with degree of LAA fibrosis (Figure). Of 129 patients, 47 (36.4%) experienced recurrent AF during the median 3.9 years of follow-up. In a multivariable Cox regression analysis using clinical, echocardiographic and operative parameters, peak longitudinal LA stain was the only predictor of recurrent AF (adjusted HR 0.89, 95% CI 0.81–0.98, p=0.024; Table).
Conclusions
Peak longitudinal LA strain was associated with LAA fibrosis, and was a significant predictor of recurrent AF after TTA
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Kim
- Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
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20
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Chun EJ, Kim JK, Yang SY, Kim SS, Kim CW. Changes in the incidence of contagious infectious skin diseases after the COVID-19 outbreak. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021; 36:e3-e4. [PMID: 34487408 PMCID: PMC8657312 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.17640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E J Chun
- Department of Dermatology, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J K Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S Y Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S S Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - C W Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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21
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Kim H, Kim JK, Cho JH. Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Positive Airway Pressure in Patient with Obstructive Sleep Apnea. J Rhinol 2021. [DOI: 10.18787/jr.2021.00357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Positive airway pressure (PAP) is effective at reducing the number of complications in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). To the best of our knowledge, no cost-effectiveness analysis of PAP has been conducted in Korea. Subjects and Method: We classified subjects into two groups, those with moderate-to-severe OSA who used PAP after polysomnography (PAP treatment group) and those who did not receive a diagnosis and treatment (control group), and compared their medical expenses over a period of 10 years. The incidence rate of common complications and accidents (coronary heart disease, heart failure, stroke, depression, diabetes, vehicular accidents, and work-related accidents) with or without PAP was adopted through a literature review. The average medical expenses for treating each complication and accident were found by searching several databases. The analysis consisted of a payer’s perspective and a societal perspective. Results: The incidence of all complications was higher in the control group than in the PAP treatment group. However, since the absolute incidence rate was not high in either group and medical expenses in Korea are low, the expected treatment cost was not high. In contrast, the PAP rental fee was relatively high. To obtain 1 unit of disability-adjusted life year, it costs 40,873,288 won from the payer’s perspective and 31,791,810 won from the societal perspective. Conclusion: PAP treatment reduces patient complications and extends their lifespan, but costs must be considered.
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Hong SN, Kim JK, Kim JA, Cha H, Kim JY, Lim HS, Eun KM, Kim DW. Viral stimulation modulates endotype-related ACE2 expression in eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis. Rhinology 2021; 59:460-469. [PMID: 34282808 DOI: 10.4193/rhin21.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), a receptor targeted by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is highly expressed in the nasal mucosa. Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) shows diverse endotypes and is aggravated by viral infection. Whether viral stimulation and CRS endotype influence ACE2 expression remains unclear. We investigated the expression of ACE2 and the transmembrane protease, serine 2 (TMPRSS2), which mediate the entry of SARS-CoV-2 into cells, and assessed polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly[I:C])-induced changes based on CRS endotype. METHODOLOGY ACE2 and TMPRSS2 expression was evaluated based on CRS phenotype, endotype, and tissue type. Correlations between ACE2/TMPRSS2 expression and inflammatory mediators in nasal polyps (NP) were examined. Air-liquid interface culture experiments were performed to assess the effects of major cytokines or poly(I:C) stimulation on ACE2/TMPRSS2 expression in primary epithelial cells from healthy nasal mucosa, eosinophilic NP (ENP), and non-eosinophilic NP (NENP). RESULTS In primary nasal epithelial cells, interleukin (IL)-13 decreased ACE2 expression but increased TMPRSS2. Eosinophilic CRS showed lower ACE2 expression than non-eosinophilic CRS, regardless of CRS phenotype. CRS endotype was an independent factor associated with ACE2/TMPRSS2 expression in NP. Serum and tissue eosinophilic marker levels were inversely correlated with ACE2 expression, whereas tissue neutrophilic marker levels and ACE2 expression were positively correlated in NP. ACE2 expression was suppressed in ENP tissues; however, a combination of poly(I:C) and IL-13 induced ACE2/TMPRSS2 upregulation in ENP. CONCLUSIONS ENP tissues have lower ACE2 expression than NENP; however, viral stimulation promotes ACE2/TMPRSS2 upregulation in ENP.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-N Hong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center
| | - J K Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center
| | - J-A Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center
| | - H Cha
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center
| | - J Y Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center
| | - H-S Lim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center
| | - K M Eun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center
| | - D W Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center
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Won TB, Kim HG, Kim JW, Kim JK, Kim YH, Kim SW, Kim HY, Kim DW, Kim SW, Kim CH, Rhee CS. Efficacy and safety of rupatadine fumarate in the treatment of perennial allergic rhinitis: A multicenter, double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled, bridging study in Koreans. Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol 2021. [PMID: 34246214 DOI: 10.12932/ap-201220-1019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The efficacy of rupatadine for the treatment of AR has been confirmed in numerous clinical studies, however there are very few studies on asian patients. OBJECTIVE To assess the safety and efficacy of rupatadine fumarate in the treatment of Korean perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR) patients. METHODS A multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, comparative study of rupatadine fumarate and bepotastine besilate was conducted. Each group was administered rupatadine, bepotastine or placebo for 4 weeks. Primary parameters for efficacy included morning and evening symptom reduction from baseline at 4 weeks. Treatment safety and tolerability were evaluated according to a self-reported incidence and type of adverse events at each follow up visit. RESULTS Rupatadine showed a significant reduction in symptoms at morning and evening evaluations, in both 5TSS (-5.69, P < 0.0006) and 4NTSS (-4.74, P < 0.0015) compared to placebo. There was a significant reduction from baseline for 5TSS (-65.4%, P = 0.002) and 4NTSS (-63.7%, P = 0.003) with rupatadine compared with placebo. At evening evaluations, there were significant reductions of 5TSS (-63.2%, P = 0.009) and 4NTSS (-61.6%, P = 0.013) for the rupatadine group. Compared with bepotastine, rupatadine showed greater reduction in the morning symptoms at 4 weeks. When individual symptoms were assessed with 12-hour reflective mean daily symptom score, rupatadine showed better efficacy than placebo in sneezing (P = 0.016) and rhinorrhea (P = 0.097). The rate of adverse events showed no statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS Rupatadine is a safe and effective treatment option for Korean PAR patients and possibly a better choice over bepotastine for controlling morning symptom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Bin Won
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyung Gu Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Guri, Korea
| | - Jeong-Whun Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jin Kook Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Hyo Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Inha University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Soo Whan Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyo Yeol Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dae Woo Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Wan Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Kyunghee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang-Hoon Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chae-Seo Rhee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Kamiya K, Ryu IH, Yoo TK, Kim JS, Lee IS, Kim JK, Ando W, Shoji N, Yamauchi T, Tabuchi H. Prediction of Phakic Intraocular Lens Vault Using Machine Learning of Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography Metrics. Am J Ophthalmol 2021; 226:90-99. [PMID: 33577789 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2021.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the achieved vault using the conventional manufacturer's nomogram and the predicted vault using machine learning, in a large cohort of eyes undergoing posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens (EVO implantable collamer lens [ICL]; STAAR Surgical) implantation. DESIGN Reliability and validity assessment and comparison. METHODS Our study comprised a total of 1,745 eyes of 1,745 consecutive patients (mean age ± standard deviation, 26.2 ± 6.8 years) undergoing ICL implantation. At 1 month postoperatively, we quantitatively measured the actual vault, and compared it with the predicted vault using machine leaning of anterior segment optical coherence tomography metrics. RESULTS All machine learning methods, such as support vector regressor (SVR), gradient boost regressor (GBR), random forest regressor (RFR), and linear regressor (LR), showed significantly less mean absolute error and higher percentages of eyes within 50-200 µm of the targeted ICL vault than the conventional nomogram (P < .001). The RFR provided the lowest mean absolute errors and the highest percentages of eyes within 50 to 200 µm, followed by the GBR, the LR, and the SVR (P < .01). CONCLUSIONS Machine learning of the preoperative anterior segment optical coherence tomography metrics, especially the RFR, provided significantly higher predictability of the ICL vault than the conventional manufacturer's nomogram, suggesting that it will become an aid for predicting the ICL vault and subsequently selecting the proper ICL size in daily practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ik Hee Ryu
- Kitasato University, Kanagawa, Japan; B&VIIT Eye Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tae Keun Yoo
- Kitasato University, Kanagawa, Japan; B&VIIT Eye Center, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Ophthalmology, Aerospace Medical Center, Republic of Korea Air Force, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Jung Sub Kim
- Kitasato University, Kanagawa, Japan; B&VIIT Eye Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - In Sik Lee
- Kitasato University, Kanagawa, Japan; B&VIIT Eye Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin Kook Kim
- Kitasato University, Kanagawa, Japan; B&VIIT Eye Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Wakako Ando
- the Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine
| | | | | | - Hitoshi Tabuchi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tsukazaki Hospital, Hyogo, Japan
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Choi JH, Lee JY, Lim YC, Kim JK, Do Han K, Cho JH. Association between obstructive sleep apnea and thyroid cancer incidence: a national health insurance data study. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2021; 278:4569-4574. [PMID: 34032908 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-021-06896-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Little is known about the incidence of thyroid cancer in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). This study aimed to evaluate whether OSA is associated with the incidence of thyroid cancer based on the Korea National Health Insurance Service (KNHIS) database. METHODS This study was designed as a retrospective cohort data analysis of the KNHIS dataset. A total of 198,574 patients who were over 20 years of age and had been newly diagnosed with OSA between 2007 and 2014 were enrolled. A control group of 992,870 individuals was selected based on propensity score matching by age and sex. The mean follow-up duration was 4.5 ± 2.3 years. The primary endpoint was the incidence of newly diagnosed thyroid cancer. RESULTS The hazard ratio (HR) for thyroid cancer incidence among OSA patients compared to the control was 1.72 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.60-1.84) based on Model 1 (not adjusted by any covariate) and 1.64 (95% CI 1.53-1.76) based on Model 2 (adjusted by income level, diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia). Thyroid cancer incidence was significantly higher in male patients (HR = 1.93, 95% CI 1.74-2.12) than female ones (HR = 1.39, 95% CI 1.26-1.54). When compared by age, the HR of thyroid cancer was higher in middle-aged (40 ≤ age < 65 years) patients (HR = 1.68, 95% CI 1.55-1.83) than in young (20 ≤ age < 40 years, HR = 1.53, 95% CI 1.32-1.77) or old (65 ≤ age, HR = 1.28, 95% CI 0.94-1.74) patients. CONCLUSION OSA may increase the risk of developing thyroid cancer, especially in middle-aged men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Ho Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Jae Yong Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Young Chang Lim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Konkuk University College of Medicine, 4-12 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 143-729, Korea
| | - Jin Kook Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Konkuk University College of Medicine, 4-12 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 143-729, Korea
| | - Kyung Do Han
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Hoon Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Konkuk University College of Medicine, 4-12 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 143-729, Korea.
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Cha S, Seo EH, Lee SH, Kim KS, Oh CS, Moon JS, Kim JK. MicroRNA Expression in Extracellular Vesicles from Nasal Lavage Fluid in Chronic Rhinosinusitis. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9050471. [PMID: 33925835 PMCID: PMC8145239 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9050471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanovesicles of endocytic origin released by cells and found in human bodily fluids. EVs contain both mRNA and microRNA (miRNA), which can be shuttled between cells, indicating their role in cell communication. This study investigated whether nasal secretions contain EVs and whether these EVs contain RNA. EVs were isolated from nasal lavage fluid (NLF) using sequential centrifugation. EVs were characterized and EV sizes were identified by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In addition, EV miRNA expression was different in the chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyp (CRSsNP) and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyp (CRSwNP) groups. The Kyoto encyclopedia gene and genome database (KEGG) database was used to identify pathways associated with changed miRNAs in each analysis group. Twelve miRNAs were differentially expressed in NLF-EVs of CRS patients versus HCs. In addition, eight miRNAs were differentially expressed in NLF-EVs of CRSwNP versus CRSsNP patients. The mucin-type O-glycan biosynthesis was a high-ranked predicted pathway in CRS patients versus healthy controls (HCs), and the Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling pathway was a high-ranked predicted pathway in CRSwNP versus CRSsNP patients. We demonstrated the presence of and differences in NLF-EV miRNAs between CRS patients and HCs. These findings open up a broad and novel area of research on CRS pathophysiology as driven by miRNA cell communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungbin Cha
- Department of Infection and Immunology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 05030, Korea; (S.C.); (S.H.L.)
| | - Eun-Hye Seo
- Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 05030, Korea; (E.-H.S.); (C.-S.O.)
| | - Seung Hyun Lee
- Department of Infection and Immunology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 05030, Korea; (S.C.); (S.H.L.)
- Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 05030, Korea; (E.-H.S.); (C.-S.O.)
| | - Kyung Soo Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 06973, Korea;
| | - Chung-Sik Oh
- Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 05030, Korea; (E.-H.S.); (C.-S.O.)
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul 05030, Korea
| | - Jong-Seok Moon
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Science, Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si 31151, Korea;
| | - Jin Kook Kim
- Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 05030, Korea; (E.-H.S.); (C.-S.O.)
- Departments of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul 05030, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2030-7662
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Kim DK, Lim HS, Eun KM, Seo Y, Kim JK, Kim YS, Kim MK, Jin S, Han SC, Kim DW. Subepithelial neutrophil infiltration as a predictor of the surgical outcome of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. Rhinology 2021; 59:173-180. [PMID: 33129200 DOI: 10.4193/rhin20.373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neutrophils present as major inflammatory cells in refractory chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), regardless of the endotype. However, their role in the pathophysiology of CRSwNP remains poorly understood. We investigated factors predicting the surgical outcomes of CRSwNP patients with focus on neutrophilic localization. METHODS We employed machine-learning methods such as the decision tree and random forest models to predict the surgical outcomes of CRSwNP. Immunofluorescence analysis was conducted to detect human neutrophil elastase (HNE), Bcl-2, and Ki-67 in NP tissues. We counted the immunofluorescence-positive cells and divided them into three groups based on the infiltrated area, namely, epithelial, subepithelial, and perivascular groups. RESULTS On machine learning, the decision tree algorithm demonstrated that the number of subepithelial HNE-positive cells, Lund-Mackay (LM) scores, and endotype (eosinophilic or non-eosinophilic) were the most important predictors of surgical outcomes in CRSwNP patients. Additionally, the random forest algorithm showed that, after ranking the mean decrease in the Gini index or the accuracy of each factor, the top three ranking factors associated with surgical outcomes were the LM score, age, and number of subepithelial HNE-positive cells. In terms of cellular proliferation, immunofluorescence analysis revealed that Ki-67/HNE-double positive and Bcl-2/HNE-double positive cells were significantly increased in the subepithelial area in refractory CRSwNP. CONCLUSION Our machine-learning approach and immunofluorescence analysis demonstrated that subepithelial neutrophils in NP tissues had a high expression of Ki-67 and could serve as a cellular biomarker for predicting surgical outcomes in CRSwNP patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- D-K Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital and Institute of New Frontier Research, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea; Division of Big Data and Artificial Intelligence, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - H-S Lim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K M Eun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y Seo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J K Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y S Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - M-K Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S Jin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S C Han
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - D W Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Noh H, Choi B, Jeong H, Moon WJ, Kim JK. Diagnosis of isolated congenital anosmia using simultaneous functional magnetic resonance imaging and olfactory event-related potentials: Our experience in six patients. Clin Otolaryngol 2021; 46:906-910. [PMID: 33725416 DOI: 10.1111/coa.13754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haemin Noh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - BoYoon Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hamin Jeong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won-Jin Moon
- Department of Radiology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Kook Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Choi SJ, Park KJ, Heo C, Park BW, Kim M, Kim JK. Radiomics-based model for predicting pathological complete response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Clin Radiol 2021; 76:627.e13-627.e21. [PMID: 33762138 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2021.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM To develop and validate a radiomics-based model for predicting response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) using baseline computed tomography (CT) images in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). MATERIALS AND METHODS A radiomics signature for predicting pathological complete response (pCR) was developed using radiomics features selected by a random forest classifier on baseline CT images, and imaging predictors were identified in the training set (87 patients). By incorporating imaging predictors and radiomics signature, an imaging-based model was constructed using multivariate logistic regression analysis and validated in an independent validation set consisting of 48 patients with CT from outside institutions. The performance and clinical usefulness of the imaging-based model for predicting pCR were evaluated using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and decision curve analysis. Using a cut-off determined in the training set, the positive likelihood ratios of the imaging-based model were calculated and compared with imaging and histological predictors. RESULTS The radiomics signature was developed based on six stable radiomics features. An imaging-based model incorporating radiomics signature, tumour shape, tumour size, and clinical stage showed good performance for predicting pCR in both the training (AUC, 0.85; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.78-0.93) and validation (AUC, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.60-0.86) sets, providing a larger net benefit in decision curve analysis. The imaging-based model showed a higher positive likelihood ratio (1.91) for pCR than imaging and histological predictors (1.33-1.63). CONCLUSIONS The radiomics-based model using baseline CT images may predict the response of patients with MIBC to NAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Choi
- Department of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K J Park
- Department of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - C Heo
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - B W Park
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - M Kim
- Department of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J K Kim
- Department of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Ahn D, Lee GJ, Choi YS, Park JW, Kim JK, Kim EJ, Lee YH. Timing and clinical outcomes of tracheostomy in patients with COVID-19. Br J Surg 2021; 108:e27-e28. [PMID: 33640938 PMCID: PMC7799185 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znaa064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
In this retrospective multicentre cohort study that included 27 COVID-19 patients who underwent tracheostomy, the mean time between intubation and tracheostomy was 15.8 days and the negative conversion time of COVID-19 was 43.1 days. Eleven patients (40.7%) died of COVID-19 and the use of percutaneous dilatation tracheostomy was significantly associated with in-hospital death. Timely tracheostomy could be performed in COVID-19 patients, regardless of duration of intubation or positivity of COVID-19 test, with an open surgical tracheostomy as a preferable technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ahn
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - G J Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Y S Choi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Korea
| | - J W Park
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Keimyung University, Daegu, Korea
| | - J K Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu, Korea
| | - E J Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu, Korea
| | - Y H Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
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Choi BY, Jeong H, Noh H, Park JY, Cho JH, Kim JK. Effects of Olfactory Training in Patients With Postinfectious Olfactory Dysfunction. Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol 2021; 14:88-92. [PMID: 32575977 PMCID: PMC7904423 DOI: 10.21053/ceo.2020.00143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Postinfectious olfactory dysfunction (PIOD) is the most common etiology of olfactory dysfunction, and olfactory training (OT) is an accepted treatment modality for PIOD. Some studies have investigated OT in Korean patients, but they involved odorants unfamiliar to Koreans or had no control group. The aim of this study was to verify the efficacy of OT in PIOD patients, using odorants familiar to Koreans and including a control group. METHODS We enrolled a total of 104 Korean patients with PIOD over the 3-year study period. All participants were assessed using endoscopy and an olfactory function test at the baseline assessment and 3 months after OT. The olfactory function test was performed using the Korean version of Sniffin' stick (KVSS) II. Nasal and psychological function was evaluated using a visual analog scale and the Mini-Mental State Examination. OT was performed over a period of 3 months, using five odorants (rose, lemon, cinnamon, orange, and peach). RESULTS OT improved olfactory function in approximately 40% of subjects over a period of 12 weeks compared to non-OT subjects. A comparison of changes between the initial and follow-up assessments demonstrated that the OT group had significantly better olfactory results for the total KVSS II, threshold, and identification scores than the non-OT group. The degree of olfactory improvement after OT was affected by the initial score. CONCLUSION The effects of OT in patients with PIOD were demonstrated in this study. A meaningful contribution of this study is that Korean patients were tested using odors familiar to them in comparison with a control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yoon Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hamin Jeong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Haemin Noh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joon Yong Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Hoon Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Kook Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Jeong H, Choi B, Lee J, Kim KS, Min SJ, Kim JK. Prevalence and characteristics of S-point bleeding compared to non S-point bleeding in severe epistaxis. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol 2020; 87:462-468. [PMID: 33012702 PMCID: PMC9422729 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2020.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Stamm's S-point is gaining importance as a bleeding focus in severe epistaxis. However, prevalence and features of S-point bleeding compared to non S-point bleeding have not been studied. Objective To investigate the characteristics of patients with S-point bleeding among those with severe epistaxis and to compare the factors involved in the treatment of epistaxis. Methods We retrospectively analyzed medical records of 268 patients admitted to the otorhinolaryngology department of Konkuk University Hospital and Chung-Ang University Hospital with epistaxis of which the bleeding focus clarified. Patients with anterior nasal bleeding (n = 129) were excluded. The study was conducted at the department of otorhinolaryngology from January 2008 to August 2019. Collected data included patients’ demographic information, bleeding focus, body mass index underlying medical and sinonasal diseases, laboratory test results (initial hemoglobin, platelet count, and triglyceride level), use of anticoagulants, direction of epistaxis, initial and final treatments, and need for blood transfusion. Results The prevalence of S-point bleeding was 28.8% of non-anterior bleeding cases. Mean body mass index score was lower in the S-point group (23.41 ± 3.71) compared to the non S-point group (24.93 ± 3.97) (p = 0.039). Underweight patients tended to show a greater incidence of S-point bleeding (15.0%) than non S-point bleeding (2.0%) (p = 0.010). Incidence of anemia was higher in the S-point group (67.5%) than in the non S-point group (36.4%). Anemia (Odds ratio [OR]: 3.635; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.669-7.914, p = 0.001) and underweight (body mass index < 18.5, OR: 8.559, CI: 1.648-44.445, p = 0.011) were significantly associated with S-point bleeding. Conclusion Prevalence of S-point bleeding was significant, underlining the importance of examining the S-point in patients with severe epistaxis. Patients with S-point bleeding had lower body mass index scores and a higher incidence of anemia than those with non S-point bleeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamin Jeong
- Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - BoYoon Choi
- Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyeon Lee
- Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Soo Kim
- Chung-Ang University, College of Medicine, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Jin Min
- Chung-Ang University, College of Medicine, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Kook Kim
- Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Kim JK, Chun EJ, Yang SY, Kim KS, Kim SS, Kim CW. Development and efficacy of a nested real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction to identify the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene of Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis for diagnosis and monitoring of ordinary scabies. Br J Dermatol 2020; 183:1116-1117. [PMID: 32594512 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.19340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J K Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - E J Chun
- Department of Dermatology, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S Y Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - K S Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S S Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - C W Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Cho KS, Kim SW, Kim JK, Kim CH. Efficacy of Rhino-Protect ointment after endoscopic sinus surgery: a prospective, randomized, multicenter study. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2020; 278:109-115. [PMID: 32757038 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-020-06265-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Blocking airflow into the sinonasal cavity after surgery may help to keep the cavity moist and thus decrease postoperative crusting. Here we investigated the efficacy of Rhino-Protect ointment following endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). SUBJECTS AND METHODS A total of 93 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis who underwent identical ESS were enrolled. After surgery, all patients were instructed to perform nasal saline irrigation and deliver a nasal spray to each nostril, then to apply Rhino-Protect ointment to one nostril only; the other nostril served as a control. Subjective symptoms, postoperative Lund-Kennedy (LK) endoscopic scores, and adverse reactions 14 and 28 days after treatment were evaluated. RESULTS The Rhino-Protect ointment significantly reduced pain (p = 0.015 at 28 days), dryness (p = 0.009 at 14 days and p = 0.045 at 28 days), and crusting (p = 0.047 at 14 days), and was associated with significantly lower LK scores 14 and 28 days after treatment (p = 0.037 and p = 0.007, respectively). Statistically significant differences were noted in the LK edema subscore at 14 days (p = 0.043) and in LK crusting subscores at 14 and 28 days (p = 0.005 and p = 0.006, respectively). No patient reported any serious adverse event associated with Rhino-Protect use. CONCLUSION Applying Rhino-Protect after ESS significantly reduced the formation of edema and crusts, leading to improving the patients' discomfort for pain, dryness, and crust.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu-Sup Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Whan Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Kook Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Hoon Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Ryu IH, Kim WK, Nam MS, Kim JK, Kim SW. Reduction of corneal epithelial thickness during medical treatment for myopic regression following FS-LASIK. BMC Ophthalmol 2020; 20:296. [PMID: 32682402 PMCID: PMC7368729 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-020-01570-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To evaluate corneal epithelial thickness change during medical treatment for eyes with myopic regression after femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK). Methods This study included 84 eyes of 54 subjects diagnosed with myopic regression after FS-LASIK and treated using topical steroid and anti-glaucoma drugs. Corneal epithelial thickness was measured using Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography before and after treatment. Subjects were divided into three groups based on their corneal epithelial thickness at the time of myopic regression and regression analyses were used to investigate the association between corneal epithelial thickness, visual acuity, and refraction. Logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to determine whether corneal epithelial thickness could predict the success of treatment, improvements of ≥ two lines in uncorrected distance visual acuity and ≥ 0.5 diopter in refraction or K. Results Corneal epithelial thickness decreased with greater change in the center as myopic regression subsided during medical treatment. Subgroup with the thickest epithelium (≥ 62 μm) showed a higher success rate and greater changes in refraction and vision. Reduced magnitude of corneal epithelial thickness showed significant correlations with changes of K and refractive error (all P < 0.001). Corneal epithelial thickness was a significant factor for the success of treatment and ROC curve showed that corneal epithelial thickness > 60.50 μm had 81.5% sensitivity and 84.2% specificity for the success of medical treatment. Conclusion Corneal epithelial thickness decreases proportionally with the magnitude of improvement of myopic regression during treatment with steroid and anti-glaucoma drugs in post-LASIK eyes with myopic regression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Myoung Sik Nam
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, 20, Ilsan-ro, Wonju, Gangwon-do, 26426, South Korea
| | | | - Sun Woong Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, 20, Ilsan-ro, Wonju, Gangwon-do, 26426, South Korea.
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Kim JK, Casa D, Huang X, Gog T, Kim BJ, Kim J. Montel mirror based collimating analyzer system for high-pressure resonant inelastic X-ray scattering experiments. J Synchrotron Radiat 2020; 27:963-969. [PMID: 33566005 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577520005792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) is increasingly playing a significant role in studying highly correlated systems, especially since it was proven capable of measuring low-energy magnetic excitations. However, despite high expectations for experimental evidence of novel magnetic phases at high pressure, unequivocal low-energy spectral signatures remain obscured by extrinsic scattering from material surrounding the sample in a diamond anvil cell (DAC): pressure media, Be gasket and the diamond anvils themselves. A scattered X-ray collimation based medium-energy resolution (∼100 meV) analyzer system for a RIXS spectrometer at the Ir L3-absorption edge has been designed and built to remediate these difficulties. Due to the confocal nature of the analyzer system, the majority of extrinsic scattering is rejected, yielding a clean low-energy excitation spectrum of an iridate Sr2IrO4 sample in a DAC cell. Furthermore, the energy resolution of different configurations of the collimating and analyzing optics are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Kim
- Center for Artificial Low Dimensional Electronic Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Diego Casa
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Xianrong Huang
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Thomas Gog
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - B J Kim
- Center for Artificial Low Dimensional Electronic Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungho Kim
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
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Park M, Chung J, Kim JK, Jeong Y, Moon WJ. Altered Functional Brain Networks in Patients with Traumatic Anosmia: Resting-State Functional MRI Based on Graph Theoretical Analysis. Korean J Radiol 2020; 20:1536-1545. [PMID: 31606958 PMCID: PMC6791817 DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2019.0104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Traumatic anosmia is a common disorder following head injury; however, little is known regarding its neural basis and influence on the functional networks. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the functional connectivity changes in patients with traumatic anosmia compared to healthy controls using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixteen patients with traumatic anosmia and 12 healthy controls underwent rs-fMRI. Differences in the connectivity of the olfactory and whole brain networks were compared between the two groups. Graph theoretical parameters, such as modularity and global efficiency of the whole brain or olfactory networks, were calculated and compared. Correlation analyses were performed between the parameters and disease severity. RESULTS Patients with traumatic anosmia showed decreased intra-network connectivity in the olfactory network (false discovery rate [FDR]-corrected p < 0.05) compared with that in healthy controls. Furthermore, the inter-network connectivity was increased in both the olfactory (FDR-corrected p < 0.05) and whole brain networks (degree-based statistic-corrected p < 0.05) in the anosmia group. The whole brain networks showed decreased modularity (p < 0.001) and increased global efficiency (p = 0.019) in patients with traumatic anosmia. The modularity and global efficiency were correlated with disease severity in patients with anosmia (p < 0.001 and p = 0.002, respectively). CONCLUSION Traumatic anosmia increased the inter-network connectivity observed with rs-fMRI in the olfactory and global brain functional networks. rs-fMRI parameters may serve as potential biomarkers for traumatic anosmia by revealing a more widespread functional damage than previously expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Park
- Department of Radiology, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Radiology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jinyong Chung
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neuroscience and NeuroImaging, Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, and KI for Health Science and Technology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jin Kook Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Jeong
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neuroscience and NeuroImaging, Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, and KI for Health Science and Technology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Korea.
| | - Won Jin Moon
- Department of Radiology, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Kim JK, Ranjith KM, Burkhardt U, Prots Y, Baenitz M, Valldor M. Impact of inversion symmetry on a quasi-1D S = 1 system. J Phys Condens Matter 2020; 32:225802. [PMID: 31997776 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab7134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Here, we report the synthesis and magnetic properties of a novel, centrosymmetric, quasi-1D spin chain system La3VWS3O6, with hexagonal crystal structure (P63/m, a = 9.460 76(3), c = 5.518 09(2) Å). Pure powders were obtained by solid-state reactions from La2O3, WO3 and metal powders of V and W. X-ray powder diffraction, specific heat, magnetization, 139La-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and electric resistivity measurements indicate that the compound is a low dimensional magnet with an S = 1 spin chain that exhibits no sign of magnetic ordering above 2 K. A single ion anisotropy (D/k B ~ 10 K), caused by magneto-crystalline effects, is probably responsible for a thermodynamic entropy release at lower temperatures, which concurs with 139La-NMR data. By detailed comparison with non-centrosymmetric Ba3V2S4O3, having a very similar magnetic lattice, it is obvious that the presence of crystallographic inversion symmetry has an effect on the behaviour of the magnetic chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Kim
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Str. 40, 01187 Dresden, Germany. Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea
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You MK, Lee YJ, Kim JK, Baek SA, Jeon YA, Lim SH, Ha SH. The organ-specific differential roles of rice DXS and DXR, the first two enzymes of the MEP pathway, in carotenoid metabolism in Oryza sativa leaves and seeds. BMC Plant Biol 2020; 20:167. [PMID: 32293285 PMCID: PMC7161295 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02357-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deoxyxylulose 5-phosphate synthase (DXS) and deoxyxylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase (DXR) are the enzymes that catalyze the first two enzyme steps of the methylerythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway to supply the isoprene building-blocks of carotenoids. Plant DXR and DXS enzymes have been reported to function differently depending on the plant species. In this study, the differential roles of rice DXS and DXR genes in carotenoid metabolism were investigated. RESULTS The accumulation of carotenoids in rice seeds co-expressing OsDXS2 and stPAC was largely enhanced by 3.4-fold relative to the stPAC seeds and 315.3-fold relative to non-transgenic (NT) seeds, while the overexpression of each OsDXS2 or OsDXR caused no positive effect on the accumulation of either carotenoids or chlorophylls in leaves and seeds, suggesting that OsDXS2 functions as a rate-limiting enzyme supplying IPP/DMAPPs to seed carotenoid metabolism, but OsDXR doesn't in either leaves or seeds. The expressions of OsDXS1, OsPSY1, OsPSY2, and OsBCH2 genes were upregulated regardless of the reductions of chlorophylls and carotenoids in leaves; however, there was no significant change in the expression of most carotenogenic genes, even though there was a 315.3-fold increase in the amount of carotenoid in rice seeds. These non-proportional expression patterns in leaves and seeds suggest that those metabolic changes of carotenoids were associated with overexpression of the OsDXS2, OsDXR and stPAC transgenes, and the capacities of the intermediate biosynthetic enzymes might be much more important for those metabolic alterations than the transcript levels of intermediate biosynthetic genes are. Taken together, we propose a 'Three Faucets and Cisterns Model' about the relationship among the rate-limiting enzymes OsDXSs, OsPSYs, and OsBCHs as a "Faucet", the biosynthetic capacity of intermediate metabolites as a "Cistern", and the carotenoid accumulations as the content of "Cistern". CONCLUSION Our study suggests that OsDXS2 plays an important role as a rate-limiting enzyme supplying IPP/DMAPPs to the seed-carotenoid accumulation, and rice seed carotenoid metabolism could be largely enhanced without any significant transcriptional alteration of carotenogenic genes. Finally, the "Three Faucets and Cisterns model" presents the extenuating circumstance to elucidate rice seed carotenoid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- MK You
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104 Republic of Korea
| | - YJ Lee
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104 Republic of Korea
| | - JK Kim
- Division of Life Sciences and Bio-Resource and Environmental Center, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012 Republic of Korea
| | - SA Baek
- Division of Life Sciences and Bio-Resource and Environmental Center, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012 Republic of Korea
| | - YA Jeon
- College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134 Republic of Korea
| | - SH Lim
- National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, 54874 Republic of Korea
| | - SH Ha
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104 Republic of Korea
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Kim JM, Jeong MS, Shin DH, Seol JH, Hong SC, Cho JH, Kim JK. Olfactory Identification Test Using Familiar Distracters for Koreans. Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol 2020; 13:209. [PMID: 32102540 PMCID: PMC7248615 DOI: 10.21053/ceo.2020.00178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Myung Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Dong-Hyuk Shin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong-Hun Seol
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seok-Chan Hong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Hoon Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Kook Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Abstract
Advanced glycosylation end-products (AGEs) are associated with diabetic complications and peritoneal damage after long-term peritoneal dialysis (PD) with high glucose dialysis solutions. Glucose degradation products (GDPs) derived during heat sterilization of high glucose dialysis solutions are thought to accelerate AGE formation. A new technique of separating glucose from electrolytes has yielded markedly lower GDP levels and permitted the use of dialysis solutions containing the physiologic buffer bicarbonate. Formation of AGEs in vitro with this new solution is significantly lower compared with formation of AGEs with conventional solutions.The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of long-term intraperitoneal use of new, neutral dialysis solution (B/L) containing bicarbonate (25 mmol/L) and lactate (15 mmol/L) on peritoneal AGE accumulation and permeability. Normal male Sprague–Dawley rats were used. Twice daily for 12 weeks, 30 mL of new solution (B/L) or conventional solution [Lac (lactate 40 mmol/L)] was injected into the peritoneal cavity of the test rats. As a control, rats that were not injected were kept for 12 weeks in the same manner as the test rats. After 12 weeks, a 2-hour peritoneal equilibration test (PET) was performed in the test rats. After the PET, the parietal peritoneum and liver were obtained for evaluation of peritoneal morphology and for immunohistochemistry for AGE. Intensity of AGE staining was semi-quantitatively graded from 0 to 3. The omentum was also obtained and immediately frozen for analysis of pentosidine content by high-performance liquid chromatography. Compared with findings in the control group, hematoxylin and eosin staining of the parietal peritoneum and liver samples revealed partial denudation of mesothelial cells in the Lac group; denudation was not remarkable in the B/L group. The B/L solution showed significantly less AGE staining in the peritoneal cavity compared to conventional solution. However, B/L solution failed to lower pentosidine levels. Intraperitoneal volume and the ratio of dialysate glucose at 2 hours to dialysate glucose at instillation (D2/D0glucose) were significantly lower and the ratio of dialysate urea to plasma urea at 2 hours (D2/P2urea) was significantly higher in the Lac and B/L groups than in the control group. Intra-peritoneal volume was significantly higher in the B/L group than in the Lac group; D2/D0glucose and D2/P2urea did not differ between the two groups.In conclusion, peritoneal ultrafiltration decreased after long-term PD. The B/L solution showed a small but statistically significant protective effect against decreasing ultrafiltration as compared with Lac solution. The B/L solution attenuated peritoneal AGE accumulation compared with conventional solution, but did not affect peritoneal pentosidine levels. These findings indicate that biochemical kinetics of various AGE peptides are not unique, but multivalent.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Cliff Holmes
- Baxter Healthcare Corporation, Renal Division, McGaw Park, Illinois, U.S.A
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Eun L, Kim SK, Kim JK. P4641Are coronary artery abnormalities in Kawasaki disease associated with iron deficiency anemia? Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz745.1023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose
Coronary artery abnormalities (CAA) are the most important complication of Kawasaki disease (KD). Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is prevalent micronutrient deficiencies and its association with KD remains unknown. We hypothesized the presence of IDA could be a predictor of CAA.
Methods
This retrospective study included 173 KD patients, divided into two groups by absence (Group 1) and presence (Group 2) of CAA. The odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated using a logistic regression model to estimate the association between CAA and other indicators. Due to the collinearity between the IDA indicators, each indicator was paired with anemia in 3 models.
Results
The 3 indicators of IDA, serum iron, iron saturation and ferritin, were all significantly higher in Group 1 than in Group 2. Three sets of models including anemia with iron indicators produced the odd ratio (OR) of CAA of 3.513, 3.171, and 2.256, respectively. The 3 indicators of IDA were negatively associated with CAA, by OR of 0.965, 0.914, and 0.944, respectively. The Area under the curve (AUC) of ferritin, iron saturation, serum iron, anemia, and Kobayashi score was 0.907 (95% CI, 0.851–0.963), 0.729 (95% CI, 0.648–0.810), 0.711 (95% CI, 0.629–0.793), 0.638 (95% CI, 0.545–0.731), and 0.563 (95% CI, 0.489–0.636) respectively.
Figure 1 & 3
Conclusion
The indicators of IDA, especially ferritin, were highly associated with CAA, so that they were stronger predictors compared to the Kobayashi score. The IDA indicators can be used to predict CAA development and suggest the need for early intervention.
Acknowledgement/Funding
None
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Affiliation(s)
- L Eun
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - S K Kim
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - J K Kim
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
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Choi SY, Kim MH, Lee KM, Kim JK, Woo JY, Cho YR. P5661Validation of CHA2DS2-VA score (excluding female sex) in non-valvular atrial fibrillation patients: a nationwide population-based study. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz746.0604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Sex category (Sc, ie, female sex) confers 1 point on CHA2DS2-VASc score. So, no woman with atrial fibrillation (AF) can have a CHA2DS2-VASc score of 0. This study aimed to compare CHA2DS2-VA (excluding female sex) and CHA2DS2-VASc score in Korean AF patients.
Methods
Using the Korean National Health Insurance Service database, we analyzed the risk of ischemic stroke in non-valvular AF patients between 2013 and 2017. The predictive value of the CHA2DS2-VA and CHA2DS2-VASc scores for ischemic stroke was evaluated by c-statistic difference and net reclassification improvement (NRI). The propensity score matching method was used to balance covariates across male and female AF patients.
Results
A total of 182,133 patients with AF (49.2% women) were included to this study. The adjusted incidence rate (IR) of ischemic stroke was not significantly different between males and females (0.89%/y and 0.90%/y, respectively, p=0.411) in low-risk patients without risk factor. Also, no sex difference was found in high-risk patients with above 2 risk factors for ischemic stroke (4.46%/y for male and 4.49%/y for male, p=0.498). In c-statistic analysis for ischemic stroke, there was no significant difference between the CHA2DS2-VA and CHA2DS2-VASc scores (AUC 0.662 vs. 0.664, z=1.572, p=0.116). When compared with CHA2DS2-VASc score, CHA2DS2-VA score was not significantly inferior in net reclassification improvement (NRI 0.031, 95% CI 0.002–0.037, p=0.118) for ischemic stroke.
C-statistics
Conclusions
In Korean AF patients, the CHA2DS2-VA score excluding female sex is a useful risk scoring system for ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Choi
- Daeu Health College, Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Daegu, Korea (Republic of)
| | - M H Kim
- Dong-A University, Department of Cardiology, College of Medicine, Busan, Korea (Republic of)
| | - K M Lee
- Dong-A University, Department of Cardiology, College of Medicine, Busan, Korea (Republic of)
| | - J K Kim
- Dong-A University, Department of Cardiology, College of Medicine, Busan, Korea (Republic of)
| | - J Y Woo
- Dong-A University, Department of Cardiology, College of Medicine, Busan, Korea (Republic of)
| | - Y R Cho
- Dong-A University, Department of Cardiology, College of Medicine, Busan, Korea (Republic of)
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Abstract
Summary
A within-cluster resampling method is proposed for fitting a multilevel model in the presence of informative cluster size. Our method is based on the idea of removing the information in the cluster sizes by drawing bootstrap samples which contain a fixed number of observations from each cluster. We then estimate the parameters by maximizing an average, over the bootstrap samples, of a suitable composite loglikelihood. The consistency of the proposed estimator is shown and does not require that the correct model for cluster size is specified. We give an estimator of the covariance matrix of the proposed estimator, and a test for the noninformativeness of the cluster sizes. A simulation study shows, as in Neuhaus & McCulloch (2011), that the standard maximum likelihood estimator exhibits little bias for some regression coefficients. However, for those parameters which exhibit nonnegligible bias, the proposed method is successful in correcting for this bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Lee
- Department of Statistics, Iowa State University, 2438 Osborn Drive, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - J K Kim
- Department of Statistics, Iowa State University, 2438 Osborn Drive, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - C J Skinner
- Department of Statistics, London School of Economics and Political Science, Houghton Street, London, WC2A 2AE, UK
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Kook Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Chua ME, Kim JK, Rivera KC, Ming JM, Flores F, Farhat WA. The use of postoperative prophylactic antibiotics in stented distal hypospadias repair: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Pediatr Urol 2019; 15:138-148. [PMID: 30527683 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2018.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Revised: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The current literature on the use of antibiotics perioperatively for many pediatric procedures, including hypospadias, is inconsistent. There is currently no clear evidence for the use of postoperative antibiotic prophylaxis for stented distal hypospadias repair. OBJECTIVE This study aims to synthesize and assess the available literature on the use versus non-use of postoperative antibiotic prophylaxis for stented distal hypospadias repair. METHODOLOGY Systematic literature search was performed on March 2018 for evaluation of trials that assessed the use and non-use of postoperative prophylactic antibiotics among stented distal hypospadias repair in children. Methodological quality of the studies was assessed according to the study design as recommended by the Cochrane Collaboration. The outcome assessed includes composite overall posthypospadias repair complications of infection and wound healing complications. The event rate for each treatment group was extracted to extrapolate intervention relative risk (RR) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI). Mantel-Haenszel method with random effect model was used in pooling of effect estimates from the included studies. Heterogeneity was assessed with subgroup analysis performed according to the study design. Publication bias was likewise determined. The protocol of this review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42018087301) and reported in accordance with preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. RESULT A total of seven studies (four cohorts, three randomized controlled trials) with 986 stented distal hypospadias repairs (408 with no post-operative prophylactic antibiotics and 578 given postoperative prophylactic antibiotics) were included for the meta-analysis. Moderate to serious risk of bias was noted among the cohort studies, while the included randomized controlled trials (RCT) were of high risk of bias. Inconsistencies of effect estimates between subgroups and publication bias with small study effect were likely present. The overall pooled effect estimates comparing treatment groups showed no significant difference for outcomes of overall composite postoperative complication (RR 0.93, 95% CI 0.45, 1.93). Assessment of composite infection related complications and wound healing complications likewise did not show any significant between-group differences (RR 1.28, 95% CI 0.49, 3.35 and RR 1.01, 95% CI 0.48, 2.12; respectively) (Table). Asymptomatic bacteriuria was noted to be significantly higher among the intervention group with no postoperative prophylactic antibiotics (RR 4.01, 95% CI 1.11, 14.54). CONCLUSION The available evidence to date was assessed to be of high risk. The low level of evidence generated suggests that there is limited utility in the use of postoperative prophylactic antibiotics to prevent clinically significant posthypospadias repair complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Chua
- Institute of Urology, St. Luke's Medical Center-Quezon City, Philippines; Division of Urology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - J K Kim
- Division of Urology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - K C Rivera
- Institute of Urology, St. Luke's Medical Center-Quezon City, Philippines
| | - J M Ming
- Department of Surgery, Section of Urology, University of New Mexico, USA
| | - F Flores
- Department of Surgery, Section of Urology, Philippines Children's Medical Center, Philippines
| | - W A Farhat
- Division of Urology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.
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Han K, Lee J, Choi BY, Jeong H, Cho JH, Kim JK. Does Improved Attention Induced by Caffeine Intake Affect Olfactory Function? Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol 2019; 13:52-57. [PMID: 30813710 PMCID: PMC7010495 DOI: 10.21053/ceo.2018.01424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Past several studies have proven that caffeine facilitates attentional enhancement by acting as an adenosine antagonist once it is absorbed by the body, resulting in improved psycho-behavioral function. Modern clinical olfactory function tests are usually assessed by psychophysical tests but due to a paucity of data, the influence of enhanced attention by caffeine on olfactory function still remains unclear. The objective of this study was to compare results of cognitive function (attention) and olfactory function before and after caffeine administration in order to analyze effects of caffeine on olfactory function in normosmic subjects. Methods This study enrolled 49 participants of Konkuk University Hospital with a mean age of 27.7 years who had patent olfactory clefts and no olfactory dysfunction from May 2015 to February 2016. Subjects were restrained from caffeine 10 hours before the test. On day 1, participant’s subjective olfactory function was evaluated before and after uptake of either caffeinated or decaffeinated coffee using visual analog scale (VAS) score, minimum cross-sectional area (MCA) measured by acoustic rhinometry, and the Korean version of Sniffin’ Stick II (KVSS II). Evaluation of participant’s attentional degree was measured by d2 test. On day 2, the same procedure was carried out with counterpart substance. The type of coffee initially administrated was randomly selected. Results After administration, caffeinated coffee resulted in significant attentional enhancement than decaffeinated coffee. Results of d2 test showed statistically significant differences in the parameters of total number of errors and omission errors. In both the caffeinated and decaffeinated groups, the patients showed slight increase in VAS score and nasal cavity area; however, the difference was not statistically significant. Also, caffeinated coffee intake compared to decaffeinated coffee intake showed no significant relevance to olfactory function. Conclusion Caffeine may significantly improve attentional congnitive function, while not have acute effects on olfactory function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyujin Han
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jiyeon Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bo Yoon Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hamin Jeong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Hoon Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Kook Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Chua ME, Kim JK, Mendoza JS, Fernandez N, Ming JM, Marson A, Lorenzo AJ, Lopes RI, Takahashi MS. The evaluation of vesicoureteral reflux among children using contrast-enhanced ultrasound: a literature review. J Pediatr Urol 2019; 15:12-17. [PMID: 30606637 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) with fluoroscopy remains the gold standard for detection and evaluation of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) among children. However, the ionizing radiation exposure remains a concern for this diagnostic modality. Recent studies have proposed using contrast-enhanced ultrasound as an alternative option for VUR screening and follow-up in children. The aim of the study was to review the literature of comparative studies that assessed the diagnostic accuracy of contrast-enhanced ultrasound compared with VCUG. METHODOLOGY A systematic literature search was performed on electronic medical literature databases in July 2017. Literature identification, screening, and assessment of eligibility were performed by five reviewers with a pediatric radiologist. Literature was summarized for the study population, contrast used, and ultrasound mode as well as the timing of comparative reference study being performed. The studies were clustered according to the kind of contrast used. Reported diagnostic accuracy was extracted from individual studies and summarized across the included studies using descriptive statistics of median and interquartile range (IQR). RESULT A total of 45 comparative studies were identified as eligible for the summary of the literature. Two generations of ultrasound contrast were identified in the available studies (first generation, Levovist and second generation, SonoVue). For the ultrasound studies using the first-generation contrast, the median sensitivity, regardless of the ultrasound mode, was 90.25 (IQR 83.25-97), and the median specificity was 93 (IQR 91.3-95.25). Among studies using the second-generation contrast, the median sensitivity was 86.26 (IQR 81.13-97), and the median specificity was 90.99 (IQR 84-98). No serious adverse events were reported in any of the studies. CONCLUSION Overall, this review highlights the application of contrast-enhanced ultrasound for its advantage of no exposure to ionizing radiation and diagnostic accuracy relatively comparable to VCUG in the evaluation of VUR. In addition to the functional evaluation of the VUR, it also provides an anatomic evaluation of the kidneys and bladder with ultrasound imaging. However, one should also note that this alternate procedure is highly operator dependent where diagnostic accuracy is excellent when the expertise is available.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Chua
- Division of Urology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Urology, St. Luke's Medical Center, Quezon City, NCR, Philippines
| | - J K Kim
- Division of Urology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - J S Mendoza
- Institute of Urology, St. Luke's Medical Center, Quezon City, NCR, Philippines
| | - N Fernandez
- Division of Urology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - J M Ming
- Division of Urology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Surgery, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - A Marson
- Division of Urology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - A J Lorenzo
- Division of Urology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - R I Lopes
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Hospital Das Clínicas, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M S Takahashi
- Department of Radiology, Instituto da Criança, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Rang Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyujin Han
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jiyeon Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seok-Chan Hong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Kook Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Hoon Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
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Moon WJ, Park M, Hwang M, Kim JK. Functional MRI as an Objective Measure of Olfaction Deficit in Patients with Traumatic Anosmia. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2018; 39:2320-2325. [PMID: 30409849 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a5873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE While posttraumatic anosmia is not uncommon, the olfactory function evaluation has strongly relied on subjective responses given by patients. We aimed to examine the utility of fMRI as an objective tool for diagnosing traumatic anosmia. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixteen patients (11 men and 5 women; mean age, 42.2 ± 10.4 years) with clinically diagnosed traumatic anosmia and 19 healthy control subjects (11 men and 8 women; mean age, 29.3 ± 8.5 years) underwent fMRI during olfactory stimulation with citral (a pleasant odor) or β-mercaptoethanol (an unpleasant odor). All patients were subjected to a clinical olfactory functional assessment and nasal endoscopic exploration. Two-sample t tests were conducted with age as a covariate to examine group differences in brain activation responses to olfactory stimulation (false discovery rate-corrected P < .05). RESULTS Compared with healthy control subjects, patients with traumatic anosmia had reduced activation in the bilateral primary and secondary olfactory cortices and the limbic system in response to β-mercaptoethanol stimulation, whereas reduced activation was observed only in the left frontal subgyral region in response to citral stimulation. CONCLUSIONS Brain activation was decreased in the bilateral primary and secondary olfactory cortices as well as the limbic system in response to olfactory stimulation in patients with traumatic anosmia compared with healthy control subjects. These preliminary results may shed light on the potential of fMRI for the diagnosis of traumatic anosmia.
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Affiliation(s)
- W-J Moon
- Department of Radiology (W.-J.M., M.P.), Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - M Park
- Department of Radiology (W.-J.M., M.P.), Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - M Hwang
- GE Healthcare (M.H.), Seoul, Korea
| | - J K Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (J.K.K.), Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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