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Coverdale JH, Aggarwal R, Balon R, Beresin EV, Guerrero APS, Louie AK, Morreale MK, Brenner AM. Practical Advice for Preventing Problems When Referencing the Literature. Acad Psychiatry 2024; 48:5-9. [PMID: 38066296 DOI: 10.1007/s40596-023-01920-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Adam M Brenner
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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Greenbaum J, Torres MIM, Nguyen PT, Coverdale JH, Gordon MR. Strategies for healthcare professionals to identify and assist migrant children at risk of labour exploitation or trafficking. BMJ Paediatr Open 2024; 8:e002427. [PMID: 38272540 PMCID: PMC10824050 DOI: 10.1136/bmjpo-2023-002427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Increasingly large numbers of children and youth are migrating across international borders with many seeking employment in both formal and informal work sectors. These young people are at high risk of exploitation. Healthcare professionals need to be able to recognise vulnerable patients and advocate for their protection and safety, yet there is a paucity of literature that provides guidance on how to accomplish this. The goal of this paper is to provide guidance to clinicians on identifying and assisting migrant paediatric patients at risk of being exploited in the work sector, including conducting a risk assessment and making decisions about mandatory reporting. First, the best interest of the youth within their cultural context should be examined respecting their desires and goals, as well as immediate and longer-term physical health, mental health and safety issues. Second, clinicians should consider the best interest of the family, with attention to varying socioeconomic and psychosocial conditions including acculturation, immigration challenges, as well as cultural norms and values. Third, the situation must be evaluated within the legal framework of the host country regarding child labour, exploitation and trafficking. Cultural humility, open-mindedness, the active engagement of patients and families and an understanding of child labour within cultural contexts and legal statutes will empower healthcare professionals to identify and support patients at risk of exploitation in work settings. These recommendations serve to prioritise the best interests of vulnerable working migrant children and youth. The healthcare and migration systems of the USA will be used as a case for exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Greenbaum
- International Centre for Missing and Exploited Children, Alexandria, Virginia, USA
| | - Melissa I M Torres
- Gilder Lehrman Center for the Study of Slavery, Resistance, & Abolition, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Phuong T Nguyen
- Baylor College Of Medicine Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - John H Coverdale
- Baylor College Of Medicine Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Mollie R Gordon
- Baylor College Of Medicine Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Houston, Texas, USA
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3
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Bhathena SN, Gordon MR, Gutierrez C, Nguyen P, Coverdale JH, Harden J. Human trafficking in the health care setting: recommendations for the physical medicine and rehabilitation provider. Disabil Rehabil 2022:1-5. [DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2022.2095674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mollie R. Gordon
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Carolina Gutierrez
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Phuong Nguyen
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - John H. Coverdale
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jeannie Harden
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
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4
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Vujanovic AA, Gordon MR, Coverdale JH, Nguyen PT. Applying Telemental Health Services for Adults Experiencing Trafficking. Public Health Rep 2022; 137:17S-22S. [PMID: 35775909 DOI: 10.1177/00333549221085243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anka A Vujanovic
- Trauma and Stress Studies Center, Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mollie R Gordon
- Anti-Human Trafficking Program, Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - John H Coverdale
- Anti-Human Trafficking Program, Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Phuong T Nguyen
- Anti-Human Trafficking Program, Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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5
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Jain J, Bennett M, Bailey MD, Liaou D, Kaltiso SAO, Greenbaum J, Williams K, Gordon MR, Torres MIM, Nguyen PT, Coverdale JH, Williams V, Hari C, Rodriguez S, Salami T, Potter JE. Creating a Collaborative Trauma-Informed Interdisciplinary Citywide Victim Services Model Focused on Health Care for Survivors of Human Trafficking. Public Health Rep 2022; 137:30S-37S. [PMID: 35775914 DOI: 10.1177/00333549211059833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Although human trafficking is recognized as a public health issue, research on the health effects of human trafficking and best intervention practices is limited. We describe 2 citywide collaborative victim services models, the THRIVE (Trafficking, Healthcare, Resources, and Interdisciplinary Victim Services and Education) Clinic at the University of Miami and Jackson Health System in Miami, Florida, and the Greater Houston Area Pathways for Advocacy-based, Trauma-Informed Healthcare (PATH) Collaborative at Baylor College of Medicine, CommonSpirit Health, and San Jose Clinic in Houston, Texas, funded in part by the Office for Victims of Crime, which focus on trauma-informed health care delivery for victims of human trafficking. From June 2015 through September 2021, the THRIVE Clinic served 214 patients with an average age of 28.7 years at the time of their first visit. From October 2017 through September 2021, the PATH Collaborative received 560 suspected trafficking referrals, 400 of which screened positive for labor or sex trafficking. These models serve as a framework for replication of interdisciplinary practices to provide health care for this unique population and preliminary information about the strategies put in place to assist victims during their recovery. Key lessons include the importance of a citywide needs assessment, patient navigators, interdisciplinary care, and building community partnerships to ensure safe housing, transportation, identification, health insurance, vocation services, input from survivors, peer-to-peer mentorship, and medical-legal services. Further research is needed to understand the detrimental health effects of trafficking and the health care needs of victims. In addition, a need exists to develop optimal models of care for recovery and reintegration for this patient population and to address public health, legal, and medical policies to ensure access to and sustainability of comprehensive, trauma-informed, interdisciplinary victim services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhi Jain
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Mark D Bailey
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Daniel Liaou
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School at UTHealth, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sheri-Ann O Kaltiso
- Emergency Medicine Department, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jordan Greenbaum
- Institute for Healthcare and Human Trafficking, Stephanie V. Blank Center for Safe and Healthy Children, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kimberly Williams
- Anti-Human Trafficking Initiative, St. Luke's Health Division Administration, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mollie R Gordon
- Anti-Human Trafficking Program, Division of Global Mental Health, Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Melissa I M Torres
- Anti-Human Trafficking Program, Division of Global Mental Health, Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Phuong T Nguyen
- Anti-Human Trafficking Program, Division of Global Mental Health, Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - John H Coverdale
- Anti-Human Trafficking Program, Division of Global Mental Health, Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Victor Williams
- Task Force, Georgia Coalition to Combat Human Trafficking, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Cayla Hari
- Department of Psychology and Philosophy, Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, TX, USA
| | - Samantha Rodriguez
- Department of Psychology and Philosophy, Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, TX, USA
| | - Temilola Salami
- Department of Psychology, Prairie View A&M University, Prairie View, TX, USA
| | - JoNell E Potter
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Science, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
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Blyton L, Forrest LL, Coverdale JH, Roberts LW. Trainees Are Change Agents: An Introduction to This Year's Trainee-Authored Letters to the Editor. Acad Med 2022; 97:761-763. [PMID: 35703899 DOI: 10.1097/acm.0000000000004677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lala L Forrest
- Assistant editor for trainee engagement, Academic Medicine
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McCullough LB, Coverdale JH, Chervenak FA. Professional integrity in maternal - fetal innovation and research: an essential component of perinatal medicine. J Perinat Med 2021; 49:1027-1032. [PMID: 34013678 DOI: 10.1515/jpm-2021-0090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Clinical innovation and research on maternal-fetal interventions have become an essential for the development of perinatal medicine. In this paper, we present an ethical argument that the professional virtue of integrity should guide perinatal investigators. METHODS We present an historical account of the professional virtue of integrity and the key distinction that this account requires between intellectual integrity and moral integrity. RESULTS We identify implications of both intellectual and moral integrity for innovation, research, prospective oversight, the role of equipoise in randomized clinical trials, and organizational leadership to ensure that perinatal innovation and research are conducted with professional integrity. CONCLUSIONS Perinatal investigators and those charged with prospective oversight should be guided by the professional virtue of integrity. Leaders in perinatal medicine should create and sustain an organizational culture of professional integrity in fetal centers, where perinatal innovation and research should be conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence B McCullough
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - John H Coverdale
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Frank A Chervenak
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, NY, USA
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Forrest LL, Karlin ES, Coverdale JH, Roberts LW. Courage and Community: An Introduction to This Year's Trainee-Authored Letters to the Editor. Acad Med 2021; 96:778-779. [PMID: 34031301 DOI: 10.1097/acm.0000000000004069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lala L Forrest
- Assistant editor for trainee engagement, Academic Medicine
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9
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Knott LE, Salami T, Gordon MR, Torres MI, Coverdale JH, Nguyen PT. Motivational Interviewing as a Therapeutic Strategy for Trafficked Persons. J Cogn Psychother 2021; 35:104-115. [PMID: 33990443 DOI: 10.1891/jcpsy-d-20-00028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
It is estimated that 40 million people worldwide have experienced human trafficking (UN, International Labour Organization & Walk-Free Foundation, 2019), with 313,000 trafficked persons in the state of Texas alone (Busch-Armendariz et al., 2016). These staggering numbers are indicative of human trafficking as a growing public health concern. To date researchers have neither studied nor proposed a specific psychotherapeutic modality in the treatment of trafficked persons. Given the unique concerns of this populations, including mistrust of authority, emotional coercion, and abuse by traffickers, often co-occurring substance use concerns, and difficulty with standard treatment adherence, we propose a therapeutic strategy that might assist providers in addressing a broad range of concerns, particularly assisting trafficked persons in the effort to leave their situation. This strategy is motivational interviewing (MI; Miller et al., 2009) and has shown substantial efficacy to enhance motivation to change as applied within in a broad range of healthcare settings. We briefly review the broad tenants of MI and illustrate its application within two hypothetical cases of trafficking. Future research that examines the potential benefits of MI within trafficking populations is warranted.
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Abstract
ABSTRACT Climate change is a threat to the public health with wide-reaching impacts that are becoming more studied and recognized. An aspect of climate change that has not yet gained adequate scholarly attention is its potential impact on human trafficking. We review the potential impact of climate change on risk factors to human trafficking including poverty, gender inequality, political instability, migration or forced displacement, and weather disasters. We conclude that climate change is a crucially important consideration in understanding the complex and multifactorial risks for human trafficking. These findings add to the priority for health professionals to embrace efforts to prevent and to mitigate the effects of climate change and to take account of these risk factors in screening and identifying trafficked persons.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Melissa I M Torres
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Mollie R Gordon
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Phuong T Nguyen
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - John H Coverdale
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
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11
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O'Brien BC, West CP, Coverdale JH, Durning SJ, Roberts LW. On the Use and Value of Reporting Guidelines in Health Professions Education Research. Acad Med 2020; 95:1619-1622. [PMID: 33109958 DOI: 10.1097/acm.0000000000003666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
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13
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Abstract
Trustworthiness is the cornerstone professional virtue in the practice of medicine. The authors' goals for this Invited Commentary were to provide an account of the professional virtue of trustworthiness and its historical origins as well as to suggest how trustworthiness in a professional curriculum can be taught and assessed. They identified 2 components of trustworthiness that originate in the work of John Gregory (1724-1773) and Thomas Percival (1740-1804), who invented the ethical concept of medicine as a profession. The first is intellectual trust, the commitment to scientific and clinical excellence. The second is moral trust, the primary commitment of physicians and health care organizations to promote and protect the interest of patients while keeping individual and group interests secondary. Teaching should focus first on the mastery and understanding of the conceptual vocabulary of intellectual and moral trust through a range of formats, including modeling by faculty on how they respect and treat patients and learners. Assessment should be behaviorally based and articulated in increasing, observable, and integrated levels of mastery through training. Medical educators and academic leaders also share the responsibility to inculcate and sustain an organizational culture of professionalism that is respectful, critically self-appraising, accountable, and committed to its learners and to the promotion of physician well-being. These proposals can be used by medical educators and academic leaders to assist learners to become and remain trustworthy physicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence B McCullough
- L.B. McCullough is professor of obstetrics and gynecology, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York, and ethics scholar, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, New York. J.H. Coverdale is professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences and of medical ethics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas. F.A. Chervenak is professor and chair, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and associate dean for international education, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York, and chair, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, New York
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14
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Shannon CM, Coverdale JH, Gordon M, Blumenthal-Barby JS. Clinical Ultimatums: Coercion as Subjection. Am J Bioeth 2019; 19:54-56. [PMID: 31419195 DOI: 10.1080/15265161.2019.1630509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
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15
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Izaddoost SA, Kelly M, Volk AS, Robichaux K, Coverdale JH, Gordon MR. Human Trafficking: The Role of Plastic Surgeons in Identifying and Protecting Victims. Aesthet Surg J 2019; 39:NP293-NP294. [PMID: 31225864 DOI: 10.1093/asj/sjz116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shayan A Izaddoost
- Division of Plastic Surgery and the Department of Psychiatry, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Michelle Kelly
- Division of Plastic Surgery and the Department of Psychiatry, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Angela S Volk
- Division of Plastic Surgery and the Department of Psychiatry, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Katherine Robichaux
- Division of Plastic Surgery and the Department of Psychiatry, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - John H Coverdale
- Division of Plastic Surgery and the Department of Psychiatry, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Mollie R Gordon
- Division of Plastic Surgery and the Department of Psychiatry, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
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Balon R, Guerrero APS, Coverdale JH, Brenner AM, Louie AK, Beresin EV, Roberts LW. Institutional Review Board Approval as an Educational Tool. Acad Psychiatry 2019; 43:285-289. [PMID: 30706434 DOI: 10.1007/s40596-019-01027-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Adam M Brenner
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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17
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Garbarino AH, Kohn JR, Coverdale JH, Kilpatrick CC. Current Trends in Psychiatric Education Among Obstetrics and Gynecology Residency Programs. Acad Psychiatry 2019; 43:294-299. [PMID: 30693464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study sought to evaluate the status of psychiatric education in Ob/Gyn residencies. METHODS A 17-item anonymous questionnaire was sent to program directors of 239 Ob/Gyn US residencies. Data analysis was performed using STATA 14.2. RESULTS Ninety-five programs participated (40%), including partial responses. The majority of Ob/Gyn programs offered didactics in psychiatric topics (84%), with most of the sessions provided by Ob/Gyn faculty. Programs that reported didactics led by psychiatric faculty (57.9%) were more likely to have a higher number of mental health didactics in total. Fewer than half of programs covered intimate partner violence (47%), non-obstetric depression (44%), anxiety (43%), medication management (30%), eating disorders (26%), human trafficking (20%), or PTSD (11%). Elective rotations involving mental health were offered by 20% of programs. Barriers to psychiatric training were lack of integration between Ob/Gyn and psychiatry (46%), ACGME surgical requirements (42%), and lack of knowledgeable instructors (38%). Most program directors (81%) disagreed that residents are fully equipped to identify psychiatric needs in patients. CONCLUSION Lack of integration between Ob/Gyn and psychiatry was the most cited barrier to effective psychiatric education of Ob/Gyn residents, highlighting the importance of increased partnership between the two fields. Didactic instruction decreased compared to 2001, and considerable gaps still remain. Most program directors perceive that residents are not equipped to identify patients' psychiatric needs.
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Louie AK, Beresin EV, Schlozman SC, Balon R, Brenner AM, Guerrero APS, Coverdale JH, Roberts LW. The Psychiatrist Being Interviewed by the Media. Acad Psychiatry 2019; 43:270-274. [PMID: 30155604 DOI: 10.1007/s40596-018-0970-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Adam M Brenner
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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19
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Guerrero APS, Balon R, Beresin EV, Louie AK, Coverdale JH, Brenner A, Roberts LW. Rural Mental Health Training: an Emerging Imperative to Address Health Disparities. Acad Psychiatry 2019; 43:1-5. [PMID: 30535843 DOI: 10.1007/s40596-018-1012-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Adam Brenner
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, USA
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20
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Louie AK, Coverdale JH, Balon R, Beresin EV, Brenner AM, Guerrero APS, Roberts LW. Enhancing Empathy: a Role for Virtual Reality? Acad Psychiatry 2018; 42:747-752. [PMID: 30324398 DOI: 10.1007/s40596-018-0995-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Adam M Brenner
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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21
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Balon R, Morreale MK, Coverdale JH, Brenner A, Louie AK, Beresin EV, Guerrero APS, Roberts LW. The Role of Psychiatric Education in Pain Management. Acad Psychiatry 2018; 42:587-591. [PMID: 30171494 DOI: 10.1007/s40596-018-0965-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Adam Brenner
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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Brenner AM, Balon R, Guerrero APS, Beresin EV, Coverdale JH, Louie AK, Roberts LW. Training as a Psychiatrist When Having a Psychiatric Illness. Acad Psychiatry 2018; 42:592-597. [PMID: 30105576 DOI: 10.1007/s40596-018-0963-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Adam M Brenner
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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Brenner AM, Beresin EV, Coverdale JH, Louie AK, Balon R, Guerrero APS, Roberts LW. Time to Teach: Addressing the Pressure on Faculty Time for Education. Acad Psychiatry 2018; 42:5-10. [PMID: 29134549 DOI: 10.1007/s40596-017-0851-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Adam M Brenner
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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Balon R, Beresin EV, Brenner A, Coverdale JH, Guerrero APS. Our Favorite Books: Inspirational and Leisure Reading Recommendations from the Editors. Acad Psychiatry 2018; 42:146-149. [PMID: 29086241 DOI: 10.1007/s40596-017-0846-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Adam Brenner
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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Louie AK, Balon R, Beresin EV, Coverdale JH, Brenner AM, Guerrero APS, Roberts LW. Teaching to See Behaviors-Using Machine Learning? Acad Psychiatry 2017; 41:625-630. [PMID: 28812294 DOI: 10.1007/s40596-017-0786-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Adam M Brenner
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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Abstract
Self-neglect, although frequently studied in geriatric populations, has received only limited attention in psychiatric populations. To address this gap, we utilize a behavioral framework to present a set of case examples in order to illustrate the complex relationship between self-neglect behaviors and conditions and various psychiatric illness. Cases are discussed with respect to ascending severity of presentations of self-neglect in adult non-geriatric inpatient psychiatric populations. Self-neglect is conceptualized as a range of behaviors, as well as an overall condition that affects an individual's functioning in several major domains. The concept of self-neglect in non-geriatric psychiatric patients warrants additional study, including development of a formal definition, as well as evaluation of its associated manifestations and implications for treatment and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Lamkin
- Baylor Psychiatry Clinic, Jamail Specialty Care Center, Baylor College of Medicine, 1977 Butler Blvd, 4th Floor, Suite E4.100, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Phuong T Nguyen
- Baylor Psychiatry Clinic, Jamail Specialty Care Center, Baylor College of Medicine, 1977 Butler Blvd, 4th Floor, Suite E4.100, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - John H Coverdale
- Baylor Psychiatry Clinic, Jamail Specialty Care Center, Baylor College of Medicine, 1977 Butler Blvd, 4th Floor, Suite E4.100, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Mollie R Gordon
- Baylor Psychiatry Clinic, Jamail Specialty Care Center, Baylor College of Medicine, 1977 Butler Blvd, 4th Floor, Suite E4.100, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
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Motlova LB, Balon R, Beresin EV, Brenner AM, Coverdale JH, Guerrero APS, Louie AK, Roberts LW. Psychoeducation as an Opportunity for Patients, Psychiatrists, and Psychiatric Educators: Why Do We Ignore It? Acad Psychiatry 2017; 41:447-451. [PMID: 28536990 DOI: 10.1007/s40596-017-0728-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Adam M Brenner
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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Balon R, Morreale MK, Guerrero APS, Beresin EV, Brenner A, Coverdale JH, Louie AK, Roberts LW. Impact of Educational Experience on Attitudes Toward Mental Illness and Career Choice. Acad Psychiatry 2017; 41:309-311. [PMID: 28247365 DOI: 10.1007/s40596-017-0686-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Adam Brenner
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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Guerrero APS, Beresin EV, Balon R, Brenner AM, Louie AK, Coverdale JH, Roberts LW. The Competency Movement in Psychiatric Education. Acad Psychiatry 2017; 41:312-314. [PMID: 28382588 DOI: 10.1007/s40596-017-0712-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Adam M Brenner
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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Brenner AM, Balon R, Coverdale JH, Beresin EV, Guerrero APS, Louie AK, Roberts LW. Psychiatry Workforce and Psychiatry Recruitment: Two Intertwined Challenges. Acad Psychiatry 2017; 41:202-206. [PMID: 28205068 DOI: 10.1007/s40596-017-0679-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Adam M Brenner
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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Louie AK, Trockel MT, Balon R, Coverdale JH, Beresin EV, Brenner AM, Guerrero APS, Roberts LW. "Physician Wellness" as Published in Academic Psychiatry. Acad Psychiatry 2017; 41:155-158. [PMID: 28213884 DOI: 10.1007/s40596-017-0677-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Adam M Brenner
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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Morreale MK, Balon R, Beresin EV, Coverdale JH, Brenner A, Guerrero A, Louie AK, Roberts LW. Providing Psychiatric Care for an Expanding Population of Cancer Survivors: Imperatives for Psychiatric Education and Leadership. Acad Psychiatry 2017; 41:1-3. [PMID: 27921265 DOI: 10.1007/s40596-016-0650-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mary K Morreale
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.
| | - Richard Balon
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | | | | | - Adam Brenner
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Anthony Guerrero
- University of Hawai'i John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI, USA
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Mathai DS, Verrico CD, Shorter D, Coverdale JH, Kosten TR. "Just one bad high:" considering synthetic cannabinoid outcome expectancies in adolescents. Am J Addict 2016; 25:620-622. [PMID: 27749024 DOI: 10.1111/ajad.12457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Certain medical consequences seem unique to synthetic cannabinoid (SC) and not cannabis use. We report the case of an adolescent, whose drug expectancies appear to minimize the severity of SC-related adverse events. METHODS/RESULTS An 18-year-old male presented with altered mental status and seizure, complicated by respiratory failure. He was stabilized and on discharge, despite counseling on the harms of SC usage, the patient planned to resume use, insisting that the hospitalization was "just one bad high". DISCUSSION/CONCLUSIONS/SCIENTIFIC SIGNIFICANCE Diminished negative expectancies related to SC use among adolescents may reflect generalizations from cannabis. Effective interventions should counter cannabis-related expectancies of minimal harm. (Am J Addict 2016;XX:1-3).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christopher D Verrico
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.,Department of Neuroscience, Pharmacology, Immunology & Pathology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.,Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Daryl Shorter
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.,Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, Texas
| | - John H Coverdale
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Thomas R Kosten
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.,Department of Neuroscience, Pharmacology, Immunology & Pathology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.,Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, Texas
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Thrall GC, Coverdale JH, Benjamin S, Wiggins A, Lane CJ, Pato MT. A Randomized Controlled Trial of Team-Based Learning Versus Lectures with Break-Out Groups on Knowledge Retention. Acad Psychiatry 2016; 40:755-760. [PMID: 26883529 DOI: 10.1007/s40596-016-0501-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This goal of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of team-based learning (TBL) on knowledge retention compared to traditional lectures with small break-out group discussion (teaching as usual (TAU)) using a randomized controlled trial. METHODS This randomized controlled trial was conducted during a daylong conference for psychiatric educators on attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and the research literacy topic of efficacy versus effectiveness trials. Learners (n = 115) were randomized with concealed allocation to either TBL or TAU. Knowledge was measured prior to the intervention, immediately afterward, and 2 months later via multiple-choice tests. Participants were necessarily unblinded. Data enterers, data analysts, and investigators were blinded to group assignment in data analysis. Per-protocol analyses of test scores were performed using change in knowledge from baseline. The primary endpoint was test scores at 2 months. RESULTS At baseline, there were no statistically significant differences between groups in pre-test knowledge. At immediate post-test, both TBL and TAU groups showed improved knowledge scores compared with their baseline scores. The TBL group performed better statistically on the immediate post-test than the TAU group (Cohen's d = 0.73; p < 0.001), although the differences in knowledge scores were not educationally meaningful, averaging just one additional test question correct (out of 15). On the 2-month remote post-test, there were no group differences in knowledge retention among the 42 % of participants who returned the 2-month test. CONCLUSIONS Both TBL and TAU learners acquired new knowledge at the end of the intervention and retained knowledge over 2 months. At the end of the intervention day and after 2 months, knowledge test scores were not meaningfully different between TBL and TAU completers. In conclusion, this study failed to demonstrate the superiority of TBL over TAU on the primary outcome of knowledge retention at 2 months post-intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Anna Wiggins
- Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Christianne Joy Lane
- Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michele T Pato
- Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- SUNY Downstate, Brooklyn, NY, USA
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35
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Schlozman S, Beresin EV, Balon R, Coverdale JH, Brenner AM, Louie AK, Guerrero APS, Roberts LW. Stigma and Mental Health: A Proposal for Next Steps. Acad Psychiatry 2016; 40:735-739. [PMID: 27502201 DOI: 10.1007/s40596-016-0601-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Adam M Brenner
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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Balon R, Beresin EV, Brenner AM, Coverdale JH, Guerrero APS, Louie AK, Roberts LW. Opportunities and Challenges of Global Mental Health. Acad Psychiatry 2016; 40:643-646. [PMID: 27270737 DOI: 10.1007/s40596-016-0574-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Adam M Brenner
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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Roberts LW, Dority K, Balon R, Louie AK, Beresin EV, Coverdale JH. Academic Psychiatry's Role in Addressing Campus Sexual Assault. Acad Psychiatry 2016; 40:567-71. [PMID: 27052505 DOI: 10.1007/s40596-016-0543-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kendra Dority
- University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
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Brenner AM, Guerrero APS, Beresin EV, Coverdale JH, Balon R, Louie AK, Roberts LW. Teaching Medical Students and Residents about Homelessness: Complex, Evidence-Based, and Imperative. Acad Psychiatry 2016; 40:572-575. [PMID: 27220731 DOI: 10.1007/s40596-016-0571-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Adam M Brenner
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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39
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Coverdale JH, Roberts LW, Balon R, Beresin EV, Louie AK, Guerrero APS, Brenner AM, McCullough LB. Professional Integrity and the Role of Medical Students in Professional Self-Regulation. Acad Psychiatry 2016; 40:525-529. [PMID: 27020936 DOI: 10.1007/s40596-016-0534-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Adam M Brenner
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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40
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Balon R, Motlova LB, Beresin EV, Coverdale JH, Louie AK, Roberts LW. A Case for Increased Medical Student and Psychiatric Resident Education in Palliative Care. Acad Psychiatry 2016; 40:203-6. [PMID: 26715110 DOI: 10.1007/s40596-015-0479-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Richard Balon
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence B McCullough
- Dalton Tomlin Chair in Medical Ethics and Health Policy in the Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy at Baylor College of Medicine in Houston, Texas
| | - Frank A Chervenak
- Foundation Professor and chair of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Weill Cornell Medical College in New York City
| | - John H Coverdale
- Professor of psychiatry and behavior sciences in the Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at Baylor College of Medicine in Houston, Texas
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42
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Beresin EV, Milligan TA, Balon R, Coverdale JH, Louie AK, Roberts LW. Physician Wellbeing: A Critical Deficiency in Resilience Education and Training. Acad Psychiatry 2016; 40:9-12. [PMID: 26691141 DOI: 10.1007/s40596-015-0475-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
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Louie AK, Merrell SB, Beresin EV, Balon R, Coverdale JH, Roberts LW. Behavioral and Social Sciences for Personalized Medicine: Teaching with Novel Methods. Acad Psychiatry 2015; 39:609-612. [PMID: 26423677 DOI: 10.1007/s40596-015-0435-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
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Balon R, Beresin EV, Coverdale JH, Louie AK, Roberts LW. College Mental Health: A Vulnerable Population in an Environment with Systemic Deficiencies. Acad Psychiatry 2015; 39:495-497. [PMID: 26327172 DOI: 10.1007/s40596-015-0390-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
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Coverdale JH, Roberts LW, Balon R, Beresin EV, Tait GR, Louie AK. Integrated Care in Community Settings and Psychiatric Training. Acad Psychiatry 2015; 39:419-421. [PMID: 26036348 DOI: 10.1007/s40596-015-0363-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
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Beresin EV, Balon R, Coverdale JH, Louie AK. This Is Water Revisited: Creativity Lost. Acad Psychiatry 2015; 39:472-474. [PMID: 25952144 DOI: 10.1007/s40596-015-0354-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
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McCullough LB, Coverdale JH, Chervenak FA. Is pharmacologic research on pregnant women with psychoses ethically permissible? J Perinat Med 2015; 43:439-44. [PMID: 25389981 DOI: 10.1515/jpm-2014-0229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
There is a consistent view in the literature that research on pregnant woman with psychoses is ethically questionable or impermissible. This paper provides a critical appraisal of these views by asking whether pharmacologic research on pregnant women with psychosis for maternal, fetal, and newborn benefit is ethically permissible. We examine separately the documented clinical benefits and risks to the pregnant patient, the fetal patient, and the neonatal and pediatric patient. The outcomes reported in the pertinent literature do not support the conclusion that pharmacologic management of psychosis during pregnancy results in documented, unacceptable risk to the pregnant, fetal, or neonatal patient and is therefore ethically ruled out. Claims that research on the pharmacologic management of psychosis during pregnancy is ethically impermissible because of unacceptable risk of harm to pregnant, fetal, neonatal, or pediatric patients cannot therefore be supported. Having shown that such research is permissible, we then ask what ethical considerations should guide study design. We show that Phase I studies are appropriate and can meet the requirements of the Common Rule, which are more specific than international guidance. As a matter of professionally responsible obstetric practice, pregnant women with psychoses should be included, and not be neglected, in research for both maternal and fetal benefit.
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Nelsen AJ, Johnson RS, Ostermeyer B, Sikes KA, Coverdale JH. The Prevalence of Physicians Who Have Been Stalked: A Systematic Review. J Am Acad Psychiatry Law 2015; 43:177-182. [PMID: 26071507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
It has been suggested that physicians are particularly vulnerable to being stalked. Our goal was to examine the prevalence of physicians who have been stalked and the associated consequences for the victims. We conducted multiple searches of PubMed and PsycINFO for articles in English from 1950 to 2013, using the terms stalker, stalking, aggression, assaults, patient, physician, resident, registrar, intern, and trainee. Reference lists of relevant articles were also searched. We developed and used a five-point evaluation tool for critical appraisal of the articles. We found 12 prevalence studies on the stalking of physicians, of which 8 were national surveys and 4 were focused exclusively on stalking. The studies varied in their methodological quality with common limitations including the lack of a national sample, the lack of construct validity of the survey tool and of the provision of a formal definition of stalking, and low response rates. Prevalence rates ranged from 2 to 25 percent, although one study found a prevalence rate of 68.5 percent. Information on the physical and psychological consequences of having been stalked was also limited. Although a substantial minority of physicians reported having been stalked, there remains a dearth of high-quality studies on the topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea J Nelsen
- Dr. Nelsen is Psychiatrist of Forensic Programs at the Minnesota Security Hospital, St. Peter, MN. Drs. Johnson and Sikes are Residents and Dr. Coverdale is Professor of Psychiatry and Medical Ethics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX. Dr. Ostermeyer is The Paul and Ruth Jonas Chair and Professor, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK. A preliminary poster of this material was presented at the 43rd annual meeting of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law, October, 25-28, 2012, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - R Scott Johnson
- Dr. Nelsen is Psychiatrist of Forensic Programs at the Minnesota Security Hospital, St. Peter, MN. Drs. Johnson and Sikes are Residents and Dr. Coverdale is Professor of Psychiatry and Medical Ethics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX. Dr. Ostermeyer is The Paul and Ruth Jonas Chair and Professor, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK. A preliminary poster of this material was presented at the 43rd annual meeting of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law, October, 25-28, 2012, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Britta Ostermeyer
- Dr. Nelsen is Psychiatrist of Forensic Programs at the Minnesota Security Hospital, St. Peter, MN. Drs. Johnson and Sikes are Residents and Dr. Coverdale is Professor of Psychiatry and Medical Ethics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX. Dr. Ostermeyer is The Paul and Ruth Jonas Chair and Professor, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK. A preliminary poster of this material was presented at the 43rd annual meeting of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law, October, 25-28, 2012, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Kristi A Sikes
- Dr. Nelsen is Psychiatrist of Forensic Programs at the Minnesota Security Hospital, St. Peter, MN. Drs. Johnson and Sikes are Residents and Dr. Coverdale is Professor of Psychiatry and Medical Ethics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX. Dr. Ostermeyer is The Paul and Ruth Jonas Chair and Professor, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK. A preliminary poster of this material was presented at the 43rd annual meeting of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law, October, 25-28, 2012, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - John H Coverdale
- Dr. Nelsen is Psychiatrist of Forensic Programs at the Minnesota Security Hospital, St. Peter, MN. Drs. Johnson and Sikes are Residents and Dr. Coverdale is Professor of Psychiatry and Medical Ethics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX. Dr. Ostermeyer is The Paul and Ruth Jonas Chair and Professor, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK. A preliminary poster of this material was presented at the 43rd annual meeting of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law, October, 25-28, 2012, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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