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Zhang R, Zhang N, Ling F, Liu Y, Guo S, Shi XG, Ren JP, Sun JM. [Study on epidemic trend of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Zhejiang province, 2005-2020]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2021; 42:2030-2036. [PMID: 34818851 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20210528-00435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and spatiotemporal distribution of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Zhejiang province from 2005 to 2020, and provide scientific information for the precise prevention and control of HFRS. Methods: Data on HFRS cases in Zhejiang province during 2005-2020 were collected from the China National Notifiable Infectious Disease Reporting Information System (NNDS) for a descriptive analysis, and software ArcGIS 10.2 was used for global autocorrelation and local autocorrelation analyses. Spatiotemporal clusters were scanned with SaTScan 9.4.4 and visualized with ArcGIS 10.2. Results: A total of 7 724 HFRS cases were reported in Zhejiang province from 2005 to 2020, including 25 deaths. There were two incidence peaks each year, in late spring and early summer (May-June) and in winter (November-January). The top three areas with high cumulative cases were Ningbo (1 875, 24.27%), Taizhou (1 642, 21.25%), and Shaoxing (1 123, 14.54%). Among the reported cases, with a male to female ratio of 2.73∶1(5 656∶2 068). The majority of HFRS cases were middle-aged and elderly people, with cases aged 41-70 years accounting for 60.95%. Most HFRS cases were farmers, accounting for 69.89% (5 398/7 724). The spatial distribution of HFRS in most years was correlated. SaTScan was used for retrospective spatiotemporal scanning and three clusters were detected: the first type clusters were in 21 counties in eastern Zhejiang province and central Zhejiang province, among which 4 were in Ningbo, Shaoxing and Jinhua, 8 were in Taizhou, and 1 was in Lishui (RR=13.69, LLR=5 522.60, P<0.001); the second type clusters were in Longquan and Qingyuan counties (RR=31.20, LLR=1 232.46, P<0.001); the third types of clusters were in Changxing and Anji counties of Huzhou in northern Zhejiang province (RR=3.42, LLR=23.93, P<0.001). Conclusions: HFRS mainly occurred in middle-aged,elderly and male farmers in Zhejiang province. The incidence was high in late spring, early summer and winter in eastern Zhejiang province. Precise prevention and control measures are needed for populations at high risk before the epidemic season.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Zhang
- Department of Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention/Key Laboratory of Vaccine,Prevention and Control of Infectious Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - N Zhang
- Puyan Street Community Health Service Center of Binjiang District, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - F Ling
- Department of Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention/Key Laboratory of Vaccine,Prevention and Control of Infectious Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - Y Liu
- Department of Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention/Key Laboratory of Vaccine,Prevention and Control of Infectious Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - S Guo
- Department of Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention/Key Laboratory of Vaccine,Prevention and Control of Infectious Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - X G Shi
- Department of Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention/Key Laboratory of Vaccine,Prevention and Control of Infectious Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - J P Ren
- Department of Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention/Key Laboratory of Vaccine,Prevention and Control of Infectious Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - J M Sun
- Department of Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention/Key Laboratory of Vaccine,Prevention and Control of Infectious Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310051, China
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Liu ZL, Zhou S, Huang Y, Yang L, Yan Y, Chen G, Sun JM, Wu S, Chen X. First Report of Fruit rot Caused by Phytophthora nicotianae on Passion Fruit in Guangxi Province, China. Plant Dis 2021; 106:336. [PMID: 34253042 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-03-21-0646-pdn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Passion fruit (Passiflora edulis) is an economically important fruit crop in many tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. In recent years, passion fruit was widely cultivated in Guangxi Province. In 2020, a rot disease occurred on immature fruit of passion fruit in several commercial orchards of Nanning, Guangxi, caused about 50% incidence. The first appeared as small, irregular, water-soaked, brown lesions on immature fruit. As the disease progressed, the lesions rapidly enlarged, causing fruit rot. A layer of sparse white mycelia appeared on the lesions at high humidity. The disease first developed in June, its peak periods from August to September. Five diseased fruits were collected from five different orchards. The edges of symptomatic fleshy mesocarp tissue were cut into pieces (5 mm × 5 mm), surface-sterilized in 75% ethanol solution for 60 s, rinsed three times with sterilized distilled water, and plated on potato dextrose agar (PDA). Plates were incubated at 25°C in the dark. After 5 days, similar white colonies with abundant aerial mycelia developed from all plated tissue samples. Five isolates were obtained, and they were identified as Phytophthora nicotianae based on morphological characteristics and DNA analysis. Spherical hyphal swellings were commonly produced. Numerous sporangia were formed in sterile soil extract. Sporangia were ovoid or obpyriform, papillate, and measured 25 to 58 μm (average 41 μm) × 21 to 45 μm (average 29 μm). Chlamydospores were spherical and 19 to 43 μm in diameter (average 30 μm) (Erwin and Ribeiro 1996). The genomic DNA of a representative isolate Seg2-5 was extracted from mycelia through modified CTAB method (Murray and Thompson 1980). The rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, ypt1, and coxII were amplified and sequenced with primers ITS1/ITS4 (White et al., 1990), Yph1F/Yph2R (Schena et al. 2008), and FM75F/FM78R (Villa et al. 2006), respectively. BLAST searches of the ITS, ypt1, and coxII sequences (Accession No. MW470847, MW770870, and MW770871) showed 99 to 100% identity with sequences of P. nicotianae (Accession No. JF792540, MK058408, and MH551183). Based on morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis, isolate Seg2-5 was identified as P. nicotianae. To confirm pathogenicity, asymptomatic and immature fruits 'Mantianxing' of passion fruit were previously disinfested in 0.5% sodium hypochlorite. Mycelial plugs of isolate Seg2-5 were placed onto the surface of fruits by nonwounded and pin-prick inoculation. Blank plugs were used as negative controls. Each treatment had five replicates and the test was repeated twice. Fruits were maintained in plastic boxes at 28°C and the initial disease spots appeared at 3 dpi or 5 dpi with wounded or non-wounded inoculation. After 7 to 10 days, all inoculated fruits showed similar symptoms as observed initially in the field, whereas control fruits remained healthy. P. nicotianae was successfully reisolated and identified from the inoculated fruits based on morphological characters and ITS sequence, thus confirming Koch's postulates. P. nicotianae had been previously isolated from passion fruit in South Africa (Van and Huller 1970), Vietnam (Nguyen et al. 2015), and Fujian Province of China (Luo et al. 1993). To our knowledge, this is the first report of P. nicotianae infecting passion fruit in Guangxi Province, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeng-Liang Liu
- Microbiology Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China;
| | - Shuangyun Zhou
- Horticulture Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China;
| | - Yongcai Huang
- Guangxi Crop Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology Laboratory, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, nanning, China;
| | - Liu Yang
- Guangxi Crop Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology Laboratory, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China;
| | - Yong Yan
- Microbiology Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China;
| | - Ge Chen
- Guangxi Crop Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology Laboratory, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China;
| | - J M Sun
- Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangxi Crop Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology Key Lab, university east road No. 174,Nanning, Nanning, China, 530007;
| | - Shengjin Wu
- Microbiology Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China;
| | - Xuefeng Chen
- Microbiology Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China;
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Shen L, Kato K, Kim SB, Ajani JA, Zhao K, He Z, Yu X, Shu Y, Luo Q, Wang J, Chen Z, Niu Z, Sun JM, Lin CY, Hara H, Pazo-Cid R, Borg C, Li L, Tao A, Van Cutsem E. RATIONALE 302: Randomized, phase 3 study of tislelizumab versus chemotherapy as second-line treatment for advanced unresectable/metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. J Clin Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.4012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
4012 Background: Tislelizumab (tisle) monotherapy or plus chemotherapy demonstrated antitumor activity in patients (pts) with solid tumors, including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) (NCT03469557 and CTR20160872). Methods: In this global phase 3 study (NCT03430843), adults with histologically confirmed advanced/unresectable or metastatic ESCC whose disease progressed following prior systemic therapy with ≥1 evaluable lesion per RECIST v1.1 and an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance score (ECOG PS) of ≤1 were included. Pts were randomized (1:1) to receive tisle 200 mg intravenously every 3 weeks or investigator-chosen standard chemotherapy ([ICC]; paclitaxel, docetaxel, or irinotecan) and treated until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or withdrawal. Stratification factors included ICC option, region, and ECOG PS. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS) in the intent-to-treat (ITT) population. The key secondary endpoint was OS in the programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1)+ population (visually-estimated combined positive score [vCPS] ≥10%, by VENTANA PD-L1 SP263 assay). Other secondary endpoints included (by RECIST v1.1) progression-free survival, overall response rate (ORR), duration of response (DoR), and safety. Results: Overall, 512 pts (median age: 62 years; range 35-86 years) from 132 sites in 10 countries in Asia (404 pts [79%]), Europe, and North America (108 pts [21%]) were randomized to tisle (n=256) or ICC (n=256) (ITT population). Of these, 157 pts (tisle [n=89], ICC [n=68]) had vCPS ≥10% (PD-L1+ population). On 1 Dec 2020 (data cut-off), median follow-up was 8.5 months (m) with tisle and 5.8 m with ICC. The study met its primary endpoint: tisle clinically and significantly improved OS vs ICC in the ITT population (median OS: 8.6 vs 6.3 m; HR 0.70, 95% CI 0.57-0.85, p=0.0001). Tisle also demonstrated significant improvement in OS vs ICC in the PD-L1+ population (median OS: 10.3 vs 6.8 m; HR 0.54, 95% CI: 0.36-0.79, p=0.0006). Survival benefit was consistently observed across pre-defined subgroups, including baseline PD-L1 status and region. Treatment with tisle was also associated with a higher ORR (20.3% vs 9.8%) and more durable response (median DoR: 7.1 vs 4.0 m; HR 0.42, 95% CI 0.23-0.75) than ICC in the ITT population. Fewer pts had ≥Grade 3 (46% vs 68%) treatment-emergent adverse events with tisle vs ICC. Of these, fewer ≥Grade 3 AEs were treatment-related (TR) with tisle vs ICC (19% vs 56%). Fewer pts discontinued tisle vs ICC (7% vs 14%) due to a TRAE. Conclusion: Tisle demonstrated statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvement in OS vs ICC in pts with advanced or metastatic ESCC who had disease progression during or after first-line systemic therapy. Tisle showed a higher and longer response vs ICC. The safety profile of tisle was more favorable than ICC. Clinical trial information: NCT03430843.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Shen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Ken Kato
- National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sung-Bae Kim
- Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jaffer A. Ajani
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | - Zhiyong He
- Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian, China
| | - Xinmin Yu
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | | | - Qi Luo
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Fujian, China
| | - Jufeng Wang
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhendong Chen
- 2nd Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China
| | - Zuoxing Niu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | | | - Chen-Yuan Lin
- China Medical University Hospital, and China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Christophe Borg
- Medical Oncology Department, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Liyun Li
- BeiGene Ltd., Zhongguancun Life Science Park, Beijing, China
| | - Aiyang Tao
- BeiGene Ltd., Zhongguancun Life Science Park, Beijing, China
| | - Eric Van Cutsem
- University Hospitals Gasthuisberg, Leuven and KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Tu LK, Nie ML, Fu J, Liu FY, Chen YK, Sun JM, Wang HY. Comparing the efficacy of endovascular treatment for iliac vein compression syndrome with or without acute deep venous thrombosis: A single-center retrospective study. Vascular 2021; 30:341-348. [PMID: 33853455 DOI: 10.1177/17085381211003776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To compare the efficacy of endovascular treatment for iliac vein compression syndrome (IVCS) with or without acute deep venous thrombosis of lower extremity. METHODS This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 300 IVCS patients, who received endovascular treatment between January 2013 and December 2017. According to whether IVCS was complicated by deep venous thrombosis or not, these patients were divided into non-thrombotic iliac vein lesion group (NIVL group, n = 127) and post-thrombotic iliac vein lesion group (PIVL group, n = 173). After endovascular treatment, all patients were followed up to assess the symptoms improvement and to evaluate the patency of iliac vein. RESULTS The technical success rate was 98% (294/300), and percutaneous transluminal angioplasty with stenting was adopted in 294 cases. The incidence of perioperative complications was 36.33% (109/300), but no severe complications occurred. During a mean follow-up of 22.3 months (range 6-30 months), 9(6.82%, 9/132) patients in PIVL group had recurrence of deep venous thrombosis, but nobody had deep venous thrombosis and varicose veins recurrence in NIVL group. The effective rate of endovascular treatment in NIVL group and PIVL group was 96.88% and 90.15% (P = 0.050), while the cumulative primary patency of iliac vein in NIVL group was significantly higher than that in PIVL group (P = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS The endovascular treatment is an effective, feasible, safe method for treating IVCS. There is no difference in the efficacy of IVCS patients with or without deep venous thrombosis, but the medium and long-term patency of patients with deep venous thrombosis is lower than that in patients without deep venous thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- L K Tu
- Department of Gastroenterology, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - M L Nie
- Department of Abdominal Wall, Hernia and Vascular Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - J Fu
- Department of Abdominal Wall, Hernia and Vascular Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - F Y Liu
- Department of Abdominal Wall, Hernia and Vascular Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Y K Chen
- Department of Abdominal Wall, Hernia and Vascular Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - J M Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - H Y Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Kim S, Kim S, Park YS, Park JO, Lim HY, Ahn JS, Lee J, Sun JM, Kang WK, Han R, Kim J, Ahn MJ. Phase I clinical trial of KML001 monotherapy in patients with advanced solid tumors. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2020; 29:1059-1067. [PMID: 32735765 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2020.1804855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We evaluated the tolerability, pharmacokinetics (PK) and preliminary efficacy of KML001, an oral trivalent arsenical, as a monotherapy in patients with advanced solid tumors. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS With a standard 3 + 3 design for dose-escalation stage, the planned dose levels of KML001 were 5, 7.5, 10, 12.5, and 15 mg/day for 28 days. Once the maximum tolerated dose was determined, 22 subjects were additionally enrolled for dose-expansion stage. PK analysis was performed in the 5, 10, and 15 mg/day cohort at the dose-escalation stage and also at the dose-expansion stage. Moreover, response was assessed using the standard RECIST 1.1. RESULTS A total of 45 Korean subjects were enrolled. No DLT was reported at the dose-escalation stage. Three DLTs, two cases of prolonged QTc interval and one of neutropenia, were reported in the 12.5 mg/day cohort at the dose-expansion stage. Higher total daily doses up to 12.5 mg/day of KML001 resulted in higher trough plasma concentrations. Among the 18 subjects who completed 2 cycles of therapy, 15 had progressive disease and 3 had stable disease. CONCLUSIONS Doses equal to or greater than 10 mg/day KML001 alone were tolerable and produced plasma concentrations higher than biologically relevant targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seokuee Kim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Samsung Medical Center , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sujong Kim
- Pharmaceutical Division, Komipharm International Co., Ltd ., Siheung, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Suk Park
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Oh Park
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Yeong Lim
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Seok Ahn
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeeyun Lee
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Mu Sun
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Ki Kang
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - RaeO Han
- Pharmaceutical Division, Komipharm International Co., Ltd ., Siheung, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungryul Kim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Samsung Medical Center , Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Ju Ahn
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine , Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Wu YL, Sun JM, Zhang JJ, Cui QX, Zheng WH, Li XR. [Clinicopathological characteristics of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma and risk factors for central lymph node metastasis]. Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2017. [PMID: 28635214 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-0860.2017.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the clinicopathological characteristics of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) and risk factors for central lymph node metastasis(CLNM) in PTMC. Methods: The data of 900 patients with PTMC initially treated in our hospital from January 2004 to December 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. Chi-square test and Logistic regression analysis were performed to determine the risk factors for CLNM. Results: CLNM affected 162 (22.9%) of 707 patients treated with central lymph node dissection. Age, maximum tumor size, multifocality, bilaterality, and extracapsular spread (ECS) were significantly correlated with CLNM (all P<0.01). Age<45 years, maximum tumor size>5 mm, multifocality, bilaterality, and extracapsular spread were independently correlated with CLNM. Conclusion: A prophylactic central lymph node dissection should be considered in PTMC patients with age<45 years, maximum tumor size>5 mm, multifocality, bilaterality, and extracapsular spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y L Wu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - J M Sun
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - J J Zhang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Q X Cui
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - W H Zheng
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - X R Li
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
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Sun JM, Cui KQ, Li ZP, Lu XR, Xu ZF, Liu QY, Huang B, Shi DS. Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid, a novel histone deacetylase inhibitor, improves the development and acetylation level of miniature porcine handmade cloning embryos. Reprod Domest Anim 2017; 52:763-774. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.12977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- JM Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources; Guangxi University; Nanning Guangxi China
- Guangxi High Education Laboratory for Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology; Guangxi University; Nanning Guangxi China
| | - KQ Cui
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources; Guangxi University; Nanning Guangxi China
| | - ZP Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources; Guangxi University; Nanning Guangxi China
- Guangxi High Education Laboratory for Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology; Guangxi University; Nanning Guangxi China
| | - XR Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources; Guangxi University; Nanning Guangxi China
| | - ZF Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources; Guangxi University; Nanning Guangxi China
- Guangxi High Education Laboratory for Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology; Guangxi University; Nanning Guangxi China
| | - QY Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources; Guangxi University; Nanning Guangxi China
- Guangxi High Education Laboratory for Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology; Guangxi University; Nanning Guangxi China
| | - B Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources; Guangxi University; Nanning Guangxi China
- Guangxi High Education Laboratory for Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology; Guangxi University; Nanning Guangxi China
| | - DS Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources; Guangxi University; Nanning Guangxi China
- Guangxi High Education Laboratory for Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology; Guangxi University; Nanning Guangxi China
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8
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Dong XJ, Sun JM, Lou LQ, Zhu ZH, Zhu LB, Lou T. [Survey of the third Zika virus disease case in the mainland of China]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2017; 37:597-9. [PMID: 27188345 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2016.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the performance of Zika virus(ZIKV)disease prevention and control. METHODS Descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted on the clinical manifestations, laboratory detection results and disease progression of the third imported ZIKV disease case in the mainland of China. RESULTS On 19 February 2016, a ZIKV disease case was confirmed in Yiwu, Zhejiang province, which was the third imported case of ZIKV disease confirmed by China CDC laboratory and expert consulting. The patient just had a travel to Fiji and Samoa and had mosquito bite history in Samoa. The patient was hospitalized on 16 February after the onset on 14 February and the eruption on 15 February. The body temperature of the patient became normal on 17 February, the rash disappeared on 19 February and the conjunctivitis resolved on 20 February. The positive detection of the viral nucleic acid in blood was only for 3 consecutive days, and the viral nucleic acid could be detected in urine even after negative detection in blood for 4 days. CONCLUSION The symptoms of the patient were typical. ZIKV can be detected by using blood sample in early phase, but after body temperature become normal, the virus can be detected in urine.
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Affiliation(s)
- X J Dong
- Yiwu Prefecture Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yiwu 322000, China
| | - J M Sun
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - L Q Lou
- Yiwu Central Hospital, Yiwu 322000, China
| | - Z H Zhu
- Yiwu Prefecture Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yiwu 322000, China
| | - L B Zhu
- Yiwu Prefecture Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yiwu 322000, China
| | - T Lou
- Yiwu Prefecture Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yiwu 322000, China
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9
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Sun JM, Chen YH, Chang CJ, Hsieh CT. Beware Neck Pain in a Haemodialysis Patient: Spontaneous Spinal Epidural Haematoma. HONG KONG J EMERG ME 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/102490791702400108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Spontaneous spinal epidural haematoma is a rare and devastating disorder. To the best of our knowledge, only 4 haemodialysis patients with the diagnosis of spontaneous spinal epidural haematoma have been reported in the literature. Here, we reported a 70-year-old male haemodialysis patient who presented with a sudden onset of severe sharp neck pain. Spontaneous spinal epidural haematoma with cord compression from C2 to C6 was diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging. After emergency surgery, the patient recovered completely from the profound neurological deficits. The relevant literatures were also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- JM Sun
- Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Chia-Yi; and Min-Hwei Junior College of Health Care Management, Taiwan
| | - YH Chen
- Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Chia-Yi; and Min-Hwei Junior College of Health Care Management, Taiwan
| | - CJ Chang
- Sijhih Cathay General Hospital, Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery; and Fu Jen Catholic University, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - CT Hsieh
- Sijhih Cathay General Hospital, Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery; and Fu Jen Catholic University, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, New Taipei City, Taiwan
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Kim Y, Lee SJ, Park K, Lee SH, Sun JM, Keam B, An HJ, Cho JY, Kim JS, Lee HY, Kim H, Lee KE, Choi MY, Lee KH, Ahn MJ. Phase II trial of nintedanib in patients with recurrent or metastatic salivary gland cancer: A multicenter phase II study. J Clin Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2016.34.15_suppl.6090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Youjin Kim
- Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea, The Republic of
| | - Su Jin Lee
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Keunchil Park
- Innovative Cancer Medicine Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Se-hoon Lee
- Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea, The Republic of
| | - Jong Mu Sun
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Bhumsuk Keam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ho Jung An
- St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Jae Yong Cho
- Yonsei University Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin-Soo Kim
- Seoul National University, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea, The Republic of
| | - Ha-young Lee
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Busan, South Korea
| | - HyeRyun Kim
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | | | - Ki Hyeong Lee
- Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, North Chungcheong, Korea, The Republic of
| | - Myung-Ju Ahn
- Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea, The Republic of
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Ma T, Sun JM, Chen LF, Shi XG, Liu K, Gong ZY, Chen J, Zhang R, Ren JP, Jiang JM. A pediatric case of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in Zhejiang Province, China. J Clin Virol 2015; 72:85-7. [PMID: 26469738 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2015.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Revised: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
This report describes a pediatric case of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), which is an emerging disease that is caused by a novel bunyavirus. Interestingly, the previously reported SFTS cases typically involved elderly patients, while our case involved a 5-year-old child from Zhejiang Province, China. In this report, we describe our investigation of the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of this case, to improve our understanding of this emerging disease. Our principle finding was that the present case's clinical symptoms were milder than those that have been reported in adult cases of SFTS. Therefore, we recommend more careful screening of pediatric patients who present with mild symptoms that are consistent with SFTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ma
- Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang Province, China; Zhejiang Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - J M Sun
- Zhejiang Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - L F Chen
- Yuyao Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Yuyao 315400, China
| | - X G Shi
- Zhejiang Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - K Liu
- Zhejiang Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - Z Y Gong
- Zhejiang Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - J Chen
- Yuyao Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Yuyao 315400, China
| | - R Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - J P Ren
- Zhejiang Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - J M Jiang
- Zhejiang Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China.
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12
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Lee SJ, Ham JS, Kim HK, Byeon S, Lee SY, Lee WS, Yoo JS, Sun JM, Lee J, Park SH, Park JO, Ahn MJ, Lim HY, Kang WK, Park YS. Phase I trial and pharmacokinetic study of Tanibirumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody to the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 in patients with refractory solid tumors. J Clin Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2015.33.15_suppl.2522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Su Jin Lee
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jun Soo Ham
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hee Kyung Kim
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seonggyu Byeon
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | | | | | - Jong Mu Sun
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jeeyun Lee
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Se Hoon Park
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Joon Oh Park
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Myung-Ju Ahn
- Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ho Yeong Lim
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Won Ki Kang
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young Suk Park
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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13
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Lee MY, Jung KS, Kim HS, Lee JY, Lim SH, Kim M, Jung HA, Kim SM, Sun JM, Ahn MJ, Lee J, Park SH, Yi SY, Hwang IG, Lee SC, Ahn HK, Lim DH, Lee SI, Park KW. Weekly docetaxel and gemcitabine in previously treated metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:4268-4274. [PMID: 25892878 PMCID: PMC4394089 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i14.4268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Revised: 11/29/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To assess the efficacy and safety of weekly docetaxel plus a fixed-dose rate (FDR) of gemcitabine in metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).
METHODS: A multi-center, open-label, prospective phase II study was designed. Thirty-three esophageal SCC patients with documented progression after fluoropyrimidine/platinum-based first-line chemotherapy were enrolled and treated with docetaxel 35 mg/m2 and gemcitabine 1000 mg/m2 iv at a FDR (10 mg/m2 per minute) on days 1 and 8. Treatment was repeated every twenty-one days until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or consent withdrawal. The primary endpoint was response rate (RR), and secondary endpoints were safety, progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).
RESULTS: Combination of weekly docetaxel and FDR gemcitabine was well tolerated: the most common treatment-related adverse events were anemia (97%), fatigue (64%) and neutropenia (55%). One patient with multiple lung and lymph node metastases died of respiratory failure after receiving four cycles of chemotherapy, and the possibility of drug-induced pneumonitis could not be completely excluded. Disease control (objective response plus stable disease) in the ITT population was achieved in 88% of patients, and the overall RR was 30% (95%CI: 15%-46%). The median PFS and OS were 4.0 (95%CI: 3.4-4.6) and 8.8 mo (95%CI: 7.8-9.8 mo), respectively.
CONCLUSION: A combination of weekly docetaxel and FDR gemcitabine showed promising antitumor activity and tolerability in previously treated, metastatic esophageal SCC.
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Hu T, Zhang XZ, Sun JM, Li HY, Fu JM. Leaf functional trait variation associated with salt tolerance in perennial ryegrass. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2014; 16:107-116. [PMID: 23590346 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2012] [Accepted: 01/05/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Salinity is one of major environmental stresses that dramatically threaten plant growth, and variations in genetic structure and functional traits have important effects on the salt tolerance of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.). The objectives of this study were to: (i) assess the inter-clonal variation of functional traits of accessions among geographic groups or between wild and commercial groups in response to salt stress; (ii) develop a mathematical model to effectively assess salt tolerance of perennial ryegrass accessions originating from different geographic populations; and (iii) determine the relation between spatial genetic structure and salt tolerance in perennial ryegrass. Wide variations were found among the accessions for seven functional traits. One regression model (F = 0.49 × F1 + 0.303 × F2 + 0.207 × F3) was established to ascertain salt tolerance of each accession. The highest variation of the traits and salt tolerance were obtained for accessions from the European group. Wild accessions exhibited more variation in functional traits and salt tolerance than commercial cultivars. Both molecular marker techniques and functional traits were used to conduct phylogenetic analysis, and the majority of accessions from the same or adjacent regions were clustered into the same group or subgroup. The perennial ryegrass accessions with similar salt tolerance had a close phylogenetic background. The patterns in functional trait variations associated with salt tolerance might allow acceleration of the process for improving salt stress resistance in perennial ryegrass.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Hu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Science, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - X Z Zhang
- Department of Crop and Soil Environmental Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - J M Sun
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Science, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - H Y Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Science, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - J M Fu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Science, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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15
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Sun JM, Kim JR, Do IG, Lee SY, Lee J, Choi YL, Ahn JS, Ahn MJ, Park K. A phase-1b study of everolimus plus paclitaxel in patients with small-cell lung cancer. Br J Cancer 2013; 109:1482-7. [PMID: 23963141 PMCID: PMC3776982 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2013.467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2013] [Revised: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 07/21/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway is dysregulated in small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) and everolimus is an oral mTOR inhibitor. METHODS This phase-1b study assessed everolimus safety at the levels of 2.5, 5, or 10 mg once daily in combination with paclitaxel (175 mg m(-2)) once every 3 weeks in previously treated SCLC patients. The primary end point was to determine the maximum tolerated dose of everolimus. RESULTS Among 21 enrolled patients, common drug-related adverse events were anaemia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, pain, hyperglycemia, and stomatitis. Out of 11 evaluable patients treated with everolimus at the level of 5 mg, 1 patient experienced dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) of grade 4 febrile neutropenia and grade 3 thrombocytopenia. The other two DLTs (grade 4 thrombocytopenia and grade 3 hyperglycemia) occurred in two out of three patients receiving everolimus 10 mg. The overall objective response rate was 28%. CONCLUSION Everolimus showed an acceptable safety profile and preliminary antitumour activity at the dose of 5 mg once daily when combined with 3-weekly paclitaxel 175 mg m(-2) in patients with SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Sun
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 50 Irwon-dong, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 135-710, Korea
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16
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Xiao YP, Wu TX, Sun JM, Yang L, Hong QH, Chen AG, Yang CM. Response to dietary L-glutamine supplementation in weaned piglets: a serum metabolomic comparison and hepatic metabolic regulation analysis. J Anim Sci 2013; 90:4421-30. [PMID: 23255817 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2012-5039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel metabolomic method based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was applied to investigate serum metabolites in response to dietary Gln supplementation in piglets. Sixteen, 21-d-old pigs were weaned and assigned randomly to 2 isonitrogenous diets: 1) Gln diet, which contained 1% L-Gln (as-fed basis), and 2) control diet, which contained L-Ala to make this diet isonitrogenous with the Gln diet. Serum samples were collected to characterize metabolites after a 30-d treatment. in addition, 4 liver samples per treatment were collected to examine enzyme activity and gene expression involved in metabolic regulation. Results indicated that 12 metabolites were altered (P < 0.05) by Gln treatment, including carbohydrates, AA, and fatty acids. A leave-one-out cross validation of random forest analysis indicated that Pro was most important among the 12 metabolites. Thus, these data demonstrate that the control and Gln-supplemented pigs differed (P < 0.05) in terms of metabolism of carbohydrates, Pro, Tyr, and glycerophospholipids. Principal component analysis yielded separate clusters of profiles between the Gln and control groups. Metabolic enzyme activities of Ala aminotransferase and hexokinase increased by 26.8% (P = 0.026) and 26.2% (P = 0.004) in the liver of Gln-supplemented pigs vs. control, respectively, whereas pyruvate kinase (PK) activity decreased by 29.1% (P = 0.001). The gene expression of PK in the liver decreased by 66.1% (P = 0.034) by Gln treatment for 30 d. No differences were observed for the mRNA abundance of mammalian target of rapamycin and PPARγ. On the basis of these data, Gln treatment affected carbohydrate, lipid, and AA metabolism in the whole body of the early weaned piglets. These findings provide insight into specific metabolic pathways and lay the groundwork for the complex metabolic alteration in response to dietary Gln supplementation of pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y P Xiao
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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17
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Park S, Kim IR, Baek KK, Lee SJ, Chang WJ, Maeng CH, Hong JY, Choi MK, Kim YS, Sun JM, Ahn JS, Park K, Jo J, Jung SH, Ahn MJ. Prospective analysis of quality of life in elderly patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy for non-small-cell lung cancer. Ann Oncol 2013; 24:1630-9. [PMID: 23393122 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mds649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the more comorbidities with a decline in physiologic reserve, it can be challenging to make appropriate treatment decisions in the elderly. PATIENTS AND METHODS Here, we prospectively evaluated and compared the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of patients aged ≥ 65 with aged <65 who were treated with a postoperative chemotherapy for completely resected stage Ib, II or IIIa non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Either four cycles of paclitaxel (Taxol)-carboplatin (PC) or vinorelbine-cisplatin (NP) was used. The HRQOL was assessed with EORTC QLQ-C30 and EORTC QLQ-LC13. RESULTS Between October 2008 and October 2011, a total of 139 patients (aged <65, n = 73; ≥ 65, n = 66) were enrolled, and 127 (91.4%) completed the questionnaire. Overall, the quality of life (QOL) in elderly patients did not significantly deteriorate with adjuvant chemotherapy and the time trend of QOL in elderly patients was similar to that of younger patients. Although the elderly suffered from increased treatment-related adverse events involving sore mouth, peripheral neuropathy and alopecia compared with the baseline, the same time trends were also observed in younger group. The mean dose intensities (MDIs) for PC and NP regimen were not significantly different between the two age groups. CONCLUSIONS Postoperative chemotherapy did not substantially reduce HRQOL in elderly NSCLC patients, and HRQOL during and after adjuvant chemotherapy did not significantly differ by age.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Park
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Liu CM, Zheng GH, Ming QL, Sun JM, Cheng C. Protective effect of quercetin on lead-induced oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress in rat liver via the IRE1/JNK and PI3K/Akt pathway. Free Radic Res 2013; 47:192-201. [PMID: 23249147 DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2012.760198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb), a well-known environmental toxin, is one of the major hazards for human health. Quercetin (QE), a natural flavonoid, has been reported to have many benefits and medicinal properties. However, its protective effects against Pb-induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in liver have not been clarified. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of quercetin on hepatic ER stress in rats exposed to Pb. Wistar rats were exposed to lead acetate in the drinking water with or without quercetin co-administration for 75 days. Our data showed that quercetin significantly prevented Pb-induced hepatotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner, indicated by both diagnostic indicators of liver damage and histopathological analysis. Quercetin markedly decreased Pb contents in blood and liver. Western blot analysis showed that Pb-induced ER stress in rat liver was significantly inhibited by quercetin. In exploring the underlying mechanisms of quercetin action, we found quercetin markedly suppressed Pb-induced oxidative stress. Quercetin decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and increased the total antioxidant capacity in rat livers. Additionally, quercetin dramatically increased Phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) and phosphorylated protein kinase B (PKB/Akt) levels in liver rats. In the examined unfolded protein response (UPR) pathways, quercetin markedly inhibited the Pb-induced increase of the phosphorylated inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1) and c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in rat liver. Taken together, these results suggested that the inhibition of Pb-induced ER stress by quercetin is due at least in part to its anti-oxidant stress activity and its ability to modulate the PI3K/Akt and IRE1/JNK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-M Liu
- School of Life Science, The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medical Plant of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Normal University , Tangshan New Area, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province , P R China.
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Liu HX, Meng FJ, Sun JM. Nanosecond field-induced quenching of the luminescence from Er-doped silicon nanocrystals. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2011; 11:9942-9945. [PMID: 22413327 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2011.5283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Er-doped Si-rich SiO2 gate oxide layers containing silicon nanocrystals are prepared by implantation of Si+ and Er+ into SiO2 thin films. The photoluminescence from both Si nanocrystals around 700-850 nm and Er3+ ions at 1.54 microm is strongly quenched by applying electric field in the Si-rich oxide layer. The quenching time and the recovery time of the photoluminescence from Si nanocrystals are less than 50 ns under pulsed field modulation. The quenching rate of the luminescence increases with increasing the density and reducing the size of the silicon nanocrystals. Our results indicate that the fast quenching process originates from the quantum confined Stark effect and enhanced exciton ionization by carrier tunneling between the silicon nanocrystals under the high electric field.
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Affiliation(s)
- H X Liu
- School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
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Kong JH, Park YH, Kim JA, Kim JH, Yun J, Sun JM, Won YW, Lee S, Kim ST, Cho EY, Ahn JS, Im YH. Patterns of skin and soft tissue metastases from breast cancer according to subtypes: relationship between EGFR overexpression and skin manifestations. Oncology 2011; 81:55-62. [PMID: 21934337 DOI: 10.1159/000331417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2011] [Accepted: 07/25/2011] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We evaluated whether skin changes and soft tissue infiltration patterns reflect breast cancer subtypes based on the breast hormonal receptor (HR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status at the time of skin metastasis. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the patients' medical records with radiologic imaging studies. RESULTS The numbers of patients of each subtype were as follows: HR positive (HR+ve) 53 (42.4%), HER2 enriched 43 (34.4%), and triple negative (TN) 29 (23.2%). The presence of skin ulceration was found more commonly in the HR+ve group than in the others (57.1% for HR+ve vs. 25% for HER2 enriched vs. 15.4% for TN, p = 0.019). Erythematous infiltrations were shown predominantly in the TN group (19.0 vs. 54.2 vs. 84.6%, respectively, p < 0.000). On CT scans, soft tissue infiltration appeared to be more common in the HER2-enriched and TN groups than in the HR+ve group (24.5 vs. 41.9 vs. 48.3%, respectively, p = 0.013). Erythematous infiltrative lesions were more common in patients with epidermal growth factor receptor overexpression (p = 0.036). CONCLUSION The patterns of skin involvement including surrounding soft tissue infiltration may reflect breast cancer subtype. Prospective evaluation is necessary to confirm their influential effect on breast cancer subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee Hyun Kong
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Korea
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Lee SJ, Park S, Ahn HK, Yi JH, Cho EY, Sun JM, Lee JE, Nam SJ, Yang JH, Park YH, Ahn JS, Im YH. Implications of bone-only metastases in breast cancer: favorable preference with excellent outcomes of hormone receptor positive breast cancer. Cancer Res Treat 2011; 43:89-95. [PMID: 21811424 PMCID: PMC3138922 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2011.43.2.89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2010] [Accepted: 10/15/2010] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of the current study was to determine the incidence, clinical presentation, and treatment outcomes of "bone-only metastases" in patients with breast cancer and to analyze the impact of hormone receptor (HR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status on prognosis. Materials and Methods Between 1994 and 2007, of 968 patients with metastatic breast cancer who underwent palliative management at Samsung Medical Center, 565 (57%) relapsed with distant metastases. Of the 968, 146 (15%) had bone-only metastases during a median follow-up period of 75 months. Among the 146 patients with bone-only metastases, 122 (84%) were relapsed patients after curative surgery and 24 (26%) were initially metastatic cases. Results The median time from primary surgery to bone-only metastases of the 122 patients was 37 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 27 to 46 months). Bone-only metastases were more common in the HR-positive group than in the other subtypes (85% for HR+; 8.2% for HER2+; 6.8% for triple negative. Among all 146 patients, 75 (51%) were treated with hormone therapy. The median post-relapse progression-free survival was 15 months (95%CI, 13 to 17 months). The median overall survival was much longer in the HR+ patients than the HER2+ and triple negative breast cancer patients with marginal statistical significance (65 vs. 40 vs. 40 months, p=0.077). Conclusion Breast cancer patients with "bone-only metastases" had excellent clinical outcomes. Further study is now warranted to reveal the underlying biology that regulates the behavior of this indolent tumor, as it should identify 'favorable tumor characteristics' in addition to 'favorable preferential metastatic site.'
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Jin Lee
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Kim NY, Sun JM, Kim YJ, Lee KW, Kim JH, Bang SM, Kim JW, Jeong SH, Lee JS. Cisplatin-Based Combination Chemotherapy for Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Single Center Experience before the Sorafenib Era. Cancer Res Treat 2010; 42:203-9. [PMID: 21253322 PMCID: PMC3021739 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2010.42.4.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2010] [Accepted: 06/17/2010] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Systemic chemotherapy is the only option for patients with unresectable/metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who are not candidates for local/regional treatment. However, the response to such treatment and survival are poor, especially in hepatitis B virus (HBV) endemic areas. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of cisplatin-based combination chemotherapy and identify a subgroup of advanced HCC patients with favorable responses. MATERIALS AND METHODS The medical records of all consecutive patients with unresectable/metastatic HCC who received cisplatin-based combination chemotherapy between January 2003 and October 2009 were reviewed. Time to progression (TTP) and overall survival (OS) were determined using Kaplan-Meier analysis. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify prognostic factors for TTP and OS. RESULTS Data for 46 patients were analyzed. First-line chemotherapies consisted of cisplatin-based combination treatment with doxorubicin, fluoropyrimidines and gemcitabine. The response rate for all patients was 4.3%. The median TTP and OS were 1.8 (95%confidence interval [CI], 1.1 to 2.5) and 7.2 (95% CI, 3.0 to 11.5) months, respectively. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (PS), Child classification, Cancer of the Liver Italian Program (CLIP) score and portal vein thrombosis (PVT) were identified by univariate analyses as prognostic factors for TTP and OS. ECOG PS (hazard ratio [HR], 4.51; 95% CI, 1.61 to 12.6; p=0.004) and PVT (HR, 2.12; 95% CI, 1.10 to 4.11; p=0.026) were independent prognostic factors for TTP. CONCLUSION Cisplatin-based combination chemotherapy in patients with advanced HCC has a low response rate and short TTP regardless of the chemotherapy regimen used. Patients with a good ECOG PS and without PVT can be considered candidates for cisplatin-based combination chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nae Yu Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
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Jung HH, Park YH, Jun HJ, Kong J, Kim JH, Kim JA, Yun J, Sun JM, Won YW, Lee S, Kim ST, Ahn JS, Im YH. Matrix metalloproteinase-1 expression can be upregulated through mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway under the influence of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 synergized with estrogen receptor. Mol Cancer Res 2010; 8:1037-47. [PMID: 20551150 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-09-0469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In our previous work, Ets-1 upregulates human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) induced matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP-1) expression. Based on the above knowledge and result, we hypothesized that estrogen receptor (ER) and its signaling pathway may affect MMP-1 expression under the influence of HER2. In addition, we investigated how the HER2 pathway cross-talk with the ER signaling pathway in genomic and nongenomic action of ER using reverse transcription-PCR, Western blot analysis, and ELISA assay. The results showed that ER-alpha expression increased MMP-1 expression under the presence of HER2. These upregulatory effects were mediated mainly by mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway and were reversed by downregulation of HER2 and/or ER. Activator protein DNA binding activity was involved in the MMP-1 expression. In summary, our results showed that ER can upregulate MMP-1 expression under the influence of HER2 in MCF-7 cells. In addition, this upregulatory effect was found to be mediated by mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. MMP-1 might be an assigned target in interaction between ER and HER2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae Hyun Jung
- Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Wang HY, Sun JM, Lu HF, Shi DR, Ou ZL, Ren YL, Fu SQ. Micrometastases detected by cytokeratin 19 expression in sentinel lymph nodes of patients with early-stage cervical cancer. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2006; 16:643-8. [PMID: 16681740 DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-1438.2006.00381.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to detect micrometastases in sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) analyses for cytokeratin 19 (CK19) expression in early-stage cervical cancer. One hundred twenty-five SLNs were collected from 46 patients with early-stage cervical cancer. Conventional histopathologic techniques revealed 14 metastatic SLNs from 11 out of 46 patients. CK19 expression was detected by RT-PCR and IHC in all the 125 SLNs. Cervical cancer tissues from nine patients and five pelvic lymph nodes from the patients without tumor were utilized as positive and negative controls, respectively. All the metastastic SLNs on conventional histopathologic techniques were positive by either RT-PCR or IHC analyses, while all the positive controls were positive and all the negative controls were negative as expected. Of 35 patients without metastatic SLNs on conventional histopathologic techniques, the detection rate of micrometastases was 42.85% by RT-PCR and 20% by IHC analyses. RT-PCR and IHC were more sensitive to identify micrometastases in SLNs of patients with early-stage cervical cancer than routine pathology. These findings demonstrated that micrometastasis could be identified by molecular technique such as RT-PCR and IHC analyses for CK19 expression. RT-PCR was more sensitive to detect micrometastases in SLNs than IHC in patients with early-stage cervical cancer. Therefore, molecular assessment of the SLNs may be a valuable tool to complement routine histologic examination of cervical cancer. The importance of micrometastases in SLNs is under close clinical observation to determine whether it can be used as a predicting factor to help us make decision whether to proceed with whole-pelvic lymph node dissection or as a prognostic factor for clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Y Wang
- Departments of Gynecological Oncology and Pathology, Cancer Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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25
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Sun JM, Richards MP, Rosebrough RW, Ashwell CM, McMurtry JP, Coon CN. The relationship of body composition, feed intake, and metabolic hormones for broiler breeder females. Poult Sci 2006; 85:1173-84. [PMID: 16830857 DOI: 10.1093/ps/85.7.1173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Three hundred twenty Cobb 500 broiler breeder pullets at 21 wk of age were selected from a flock fed according to Cobb Breeder Management Guide specifications. One hundred sixty pullets at 21 wk of age were switched to ad libitum feeding, and the remaining 160 pullets continued to be control-fed. The pullets were photostimulated at 22 wk and maintained until 36.5 wk. Plasma samples were obtained, BW was determined, and hens were killed for determination of body composition at the following periods: 24 h prior to photostimulation, 2.5 wk after photostimulation, 24 h after first egg, and 36.5 wk following peak egg production. Compared with ad libitum-fed breeders, the restricted breeders had a higher percentage carcass protein and lower percentage carcass fat at all sampling periods. Total egg numbers were greater, and abnormal eggs were less for the restricted pullets compared with the ad libitum-fed pullets at 36.5 wk. Carcass percentage fat of ad libitum-fed pullets was positively related to plasma glucagon, insulin-like growth factor-II (IGF-II), and 17beta-estradiol but negatively related to plasma insulin, insulin/glucagon M ratio, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), thyroxine (T4), and triiodothyronine (T3). Carcass percentage fat of feed-restricted pullets was negatively related to IGF-I, IGF-II, and T4. The T4 was the most important hormone for predicting the percentage carcass fat in ad libitum-fed pullets, and IGF-I was the most important hormone for predicting the percentage carcass fat in feed-restricted pullets. The percentage carcass protein for ad libitum-fed breeders was positively correlated to IGF-I, T4, T3, insulin/glucagon M ratio, and insulin. Carcass percentage protein for feed-restricted breeders was positively correlated to IGF-I, IGF-II, T4, and glucagon. Stepwise regressions for predicting percentage carcass protein for breeders fed by both systems shows that T3 and IGF-I concentrations were the most important for ad libitum-fed breeders, whereas IGF-II and T4 were best for feed-restricted breeders. The hormone status of breeders may be a key indicator to help predict the body composition and thus support management decisions for maintaining optimum production.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Sun
- USDA, ARS, Growth Biology Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 20705-2350, USA
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Sun JM, Huang JC. Co-removal of hexavalent chromium through adsorption during copper precipitation. Water Sci Technol 2004; 50:201-208. [PMID: 15566204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A systematic study was conducted to assess the mechanisms involved in the co-removal of hexavalent chromium during chemical precipitation of divalent copper. Batch tests were used to assess the precipitation phenomena in both pure copper solutions and also mixed copper-Cr(VI) solutions with progressive addition of sodium carbonate to increase pH and induce precipitation. It was found that the co-removal of Cr(VI) was caused by two distinct mechanisms: coprecipitation of copper with Cr(VI) at pH 5.0 to 5.2, leading to the formation of CuCrO4 precipitates. Once the fine crystallites of CuCrO4 were formed, the test solution became heterogeneous and this accelerated the production of copper-carbonate precipitates, mainly in the form of CuCO3 Cu(OH)2, at pH 5.2 to 6.2. The latter precipitates were negatively charged at pH below 7.5, and thus they were able to adsorb a considerable amount of the remaining chromate ions [HCrO4- and CrO4(2-)]. The extent of adsorption depended on both pH and surface loading. Besides electrostatic attraction, ligand exchange was also found to play some role. Maximum adsorption occurred at pH 6.5. When pH was raised to 10.0, approximately 25-30% of the adsorbed chromium could become desorbed due to a surface charge reversal on the adsorbent.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Sun
- Environmental Engineering and Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China.
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Abstract
Histone acetylation plays an important role in remodeling chromatin structure, facilitating nuclear processes such as transcription. We investigated the effect of estradiol on global histone acetylation in hormone-responsive human breast cancer cells. Pulse-chase experiments and immunoblot analyses of dynamically acetylated histones show that estradiol rapidly increases histone acetylation in estrogen receptor (ER)-positive, hormone-dependent T5, but not in ER-negative, hormone-independent MDA MB 231 breast cancer cells. The effect of estradiol on the rates of histone acetylation and deacetylation in T5 cells was determined. We found that estradiol increased the level of acetylated histones by reducing the rate of histone deacetylation, whereas the rate of histone acetylation was not altered. Enzymatic assays and immunoblot analyses of cell fractions showed that estradiol did not affect the level, subnuclear distribution, or activity of class I and II histone deacetylases. However, estradiol did alter the intranuclear distribution of ER and histone acetyltransferases, with both becoming tightly bound in the nucleus and associated with the nuclear matrix. We propose that, following the association of ER with nuclear matrix sites, ER alters the balance of histone acetyltransferases and histone deacetylases at these sites and the dynamics of acetylation of histones associated with transcriptionally active and competent chromatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Sun
- Manitoba Institute of Cell Biology, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0V9, Canada
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Abstract
This study was aimed at investigating the further formation of trihalomethanes (THM) in drinking water when it is being heated at home. Experimental results confirmed that there could be a further significant formation during heating drinking water. Overall variation of THM concentration in water during the heating depended on its formation rate and volatilisation rate. The rate of THM formation was mainly affected by not only both the concentrations of THM precursors, such as humic substances and residual chlorine, but also temperature and reaction time. The rate of THM volatilisation depended on water temperature and the extent of water agitation in the water heaters. It was concluded that the THM residuals in drinking water could be effectively eliminated to a very low level, if the boiling of water was kept in the open for few minutes after water boiling.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Z Li
- Department of Civil and Structural Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
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Sun G, Doble BW, Sun JM, Fandrich RR, Florkiewicz R, Kirshenbaum L, Davie JR, Cattini PA, Kardami E. CUG-initiated FGF-2 induces chromatin compaction in cultured cardiac myocytes and in vitro. J Cell Physiol 2001; 186:457-67. [PMID: 11169985 DOI: 10.1002/1097-4652(2000)9999:999<000::aid-jcp1044>3.0.co;2-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) is a mitogen found in CUG-initiated 21-25 kDa ("hi") or AUG-initiated 16-18 kDa ("lo") forms. Previously we demonstrated that "hi"-but not "lo"-FGF-2 caused a distinct nuclear phenotype characterized by apparently condensed chromatin present as separate clumps in the nucleus of cardiac myocytes. In this manuscript we investigated whether these effects were related to apoptosis or mitosis and whether they reflected a direct effect of "hi" FGF-2 on chromatin. Myocytes overexpressing "hi" FGF-2 and presenting the clumped chromatin phenotype: (i) were not labeled above background with antibodies to phosphorylated histones H1 and H3 used as indicators of mitotic chromatin condensation; (ii) did not stain positive for TUNEL; (iii) their nuclear lamina, visualized by anti-laminB immunofluorescence, appeared intact; (iv) neither caspase inhibitors, nor Bcl-2 or "lo" FGF-2 overexpression prevented the manifestation of the compacted nuclear phenotype. Purified recombinant "hi" FGF-2 was more potent than "lo" FGF-2 in promoting the condensation/aggregation of chick erythrocyte chromatin partially reconstituted with histone H1 in vitro. We conclude that the DNA phenotype induced by "hi" FGF-2 in cardiac myocytes likely reflects a direct effect on chromatin structure that does not require the engagement of mitosis or apoptosis. By affecting chromatin compaction "hi" FGF-2 may contribute to the regulation of gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Sun
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
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30
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Yan Z, Sun JM, Qiao YQ, Sun HW. [The design and evaluation of horizontal pipe mini-flame atomization and ionization synchronous detector in GC/AAS]. Se Pu 2001; 19:32-6. [PMID: 12541842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Gas chromatography/atomic absorption spectroscopy(GC/AAS) is a good method for the species analysis of organometallic compounds. But the traditional atomizers are not very suitable for this technology and all of them response only to one kind of signal--the concentration of the metallic atoms of the ground state. They can not give any information about the organic group of organometallic compounds and organic compounds which coexist with the former. For GC/AAS we want to design and manufacture a new kind of detector which is much more sensitive and has a much smaller dead volume and will sensitively and synchronously response to the atomization signal of organometallic compound and ionization signal of organic compound. The authors have noticed that the atomization of organometallic compound and ionization of organic compound have been existing in the same hydrogen flame. The question is how to gain and exchange and output the two signals which are completely different in characters. For this purpose we designed and manufactured a new type of horizontal pipe mini-flame atomization and ionization synchronous detector. The key part is a T type glass tube (80 mm x 13 mm x 10 mm i.d.) which covers horizontally on the jet of the mini-flame atomizer and a long pipe stainless steel collector (70 mm x 9.5 mm o.d. x 9 mm i.d.) is tightly inserted in the tube. The light beam of the hollow cathode lamp passes through the hydrogen flame along the axial center of the glass tube and the ground state metallic atoms in the flame diffuses to both ends of the tube along the axial center of the glass tube too. This process enriches the depth of the light absorption and then increases the sensitivity of atomization. At the same time the long pipe collector can enrich the collection efficiency of the ionization and increases the sensitivity and widens the linear range. So the detector can synchronously and sensitively detect the organometallic and organic compounds. The detection limit for atomization of the organometallic compound(diethylmercury) is 2.5 x 10(-11) g.s-1 and for ionization of the organic compound (benzene) is 1.0 x 10(-11) g.s-1. The linear range is 7.0 x 10(2) for atomization of diethylmercury (r = 0.9989) and 2.5 x 10(5) for ionization of benzene (r = 0.9992). The selectivity of the detector to the organic solvent under the optimum operating condition of atomization is 10(4)-10(7). The relative standard deviation (RSD, n = 11) of the peak area in the optimum operating conditions of atomization for the organometallic compound (diethylmercury) and of ionization for the organic compound (benzene) is 1.8% and 1.5% respectively. Under the same operating condition, the atomization and the ionization can not reach the optimum performance at the same time. If the atomization is in the optimum performance state, the performance for ionization is like a chromatographic thermal conductivity detector (TCD). The optimum performance of the atomization and ionization can be quickly adjusted by changing the flow rates of the corresponding gases such as H2, N2 and air.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Yan
- Department of Chemistry, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
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31
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Coull JJ, Romerio F, Sun JM, Volker JL, Galvin KM, Davie JR, Shi Y, Hansen U, Margolis DM. The human factors YY1 and LSF repress the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat via recruitment of histone deacetylase 1. J Virol 2000; 74:6790-9. [PMID: 10888618 PMCID: PMC112196 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.74.15.6790-6799.2000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 278] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Enigmatic mechanisms restore the resting state in activated lymphocytes following human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection, rarely allowing persistent nonproductive infection. We detail a mechanism whereby cellular factors could establish virological latency. The transcription factors YY1 and LSF cooperate in repression of transcription from the HIV-1 long terminal repeat (LTR). LSF recruits YY1 to the LTR via the zinc fingers of YY1. The first two zinc fingers were observed to be sufficient for this interaction in vitro. A mutant of LSF incapable of binding DNA blocked repression. Like other transcriptional repressors, YY1 can function via recruitment of histone deacetylase (HDAC). We find that HDAC1 copurifies with the LTR-binding YY1-LSF repressor complex, the domain of YY1 that interacts with HDAC1 is required to repress the HIV-1 promoter, expression of HDAC1 augments repression of the LTR by YY1, and the deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A blocks repression mediated by YY1. This novel link between HDAC recruitment and inhibition of HIV-1 expression by YY1 and LSF, in the natural context of a viral promoter integrated into chromosomal DNA, is the first demonstration of a molecular mechanism of repression of HIV-1. YY1 and LSF may establish transcriptional and virological latency of HIV, a state that has recently been recognized in vivo and has significant implications for the long-term treatment of AIDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Coull
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-9113, USA
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Davie JR, Samuel SK, Spencer VA, Holth LT, Chadee DN, Peltier CP, Sun JM, Chen HY, Wright JA. Organization of chromatin in cancer cells: role of signalling pathways. Biochem Cell Biol 1999; 77:265-75. [PMID: 10546890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of mechanical and chemical signalling pathways in the organization and function of chromatin is the subject of this review. The mechanical signalling pathway consists of the tissue matrix system that links together the three-dimensional skeletal networks, the extracellular matrix, cytoskeleton, and nuclear matrix. Intermediate filament proteins are associated with nuclear DNA, suggesting that intermediate filaments may have a role in the organization of chromatin. In human hormone-dependent breast cancer cells, the interaction between cytokeratins and chromatin is regulated by estrogens. Transcription factors, histone acetyltransferases, and histone deacetylases, which are associated with the nuclear matrix, are components of the mechanical signalling pathway. Recently, we reported that nuclear matrix-bound human and chicken histone deacetylase 1 is associated with nuclear DNA in situ, suggesting that histone deacetylase has a role in the organization of nuclear DNA. Chemical signalling pathways such as the Ras/mitogen-activated protein kinase (Ras/MAPK) pathway stimulate the activity of kinases that modify transcription factors, nonhistone chromosomal proteins, and histones. The levels of phosphorylated histones are increased in mouse fibroblasts transformed with oncogenes, the products of which stimulate the Ras/MAPK pathway. Histone phosphorylation may lead to decondensation of chromatin, resulting in aberrant gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Davie
- Manitoba Institute of Cell Biology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
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Abstract
Histone acetylation is involved in nuclear processes requiring chromatin remodeling. In chicken erythrocytes, DNA replication has ceased, and active reversible histone acetylation is restricted to transcriptionally active/competent chromatin domains. In this study, we set out to identify and purify the erythroid histone deacetylase responsible for catalyzing dynamic acetylation of transcriptionally active chromatin. Histone deacetylase purified from chicken erythrocytes had a molecular mass of 66 kDa. Complementary DNA encoding the chicken histone deacetylase was cloned from erythrocytes, and analysis of the derived amino acid sequence showed the chicken histone deacetylase to be the chicken homologue of mammalian HDAC1. Purified chicken erythrocyte HDAC1 deacetylated the four core histones, with a preference for H3. We present evidence that chicken HDAC1 is a metalloenzyme, the activity of which is lost when incubated with zinc chelators. In Western blot analysis with anti-HDAC1 antibodies, we found that most erythrocyte HDAC1 is associated with the low-salt insoluble chromatin fraction and, to a lesser extent, with 150 mM NaCl-soluble oligo- and polynucleosomes. The distribution of HDAC1 in erythrocyte chromatin parallels that of dynamically acetylated class 1 histones. Further, we show that HDAC1 is associated with the erythroid nuclear matrix and that the enzyme is bound to nuclear DNA in situ. We propose that in addition to catalyzing dynamic acetylation of transcribed chromatin, the enzyme has a role in the organization of nuclear DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
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Sun JM, Gerstman BS. Photoacoustic generation for a spherical absorber with impedance mismatch with the surrounding media. Phys Rev E Stat Phys Plasmas Fluids Relat Interdiscip Topics 1999; 59:5772-89. [PMID: 11969559 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.59.5772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/1998] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Pressure generation in a spherical absorber due to energy deposition from pulsed lasers is studied. For a variety of conditions, analytical solutions are derived that allow quick computation of exact results. For the special case of identical acoustic impedance, the pressure transient spreads to the surrounding medium by a single compressive pulse followed by a tensile pulse at the end of illumination. For the general case of impedance mismatch, the pressure transient is in the form of a series of dampened compressive and tensile pressure pulses. In this paper both the amplitude ratio and the sign of consecutive pressure pulses are determined analytically, and are shown to be dependent upon the impedance mismatch. For laser pulses of duration much less than the absorber's characteristic oscillation time, a stress confinement limit is reached for most of the absorber, but a sharp tensile stress in the core region of the sphere is predicted. This region of high stress is defined by r < or =r(c), and we show that r(c) is proportional to the laser pulse duration tau(0). Upon further shortening of the laser pulse duration, the strength of this tensile stress continues to increase while its spatial distribution is sharpened. This observation has relevance to a number of experiments where laser-induced pressure transients cause the absorber to fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Sun
- Physics Department, Florida International University, University Park, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
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35
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Samuel SK, Spencer VA, Bajno L, Sun JM, Holth LT, Oesterreich S, Davie JR. In situ cross-linking by cisplatin of nuclear matrix-bound transcription factors to nuclear DNA of human breast cancer cells. Cancer Res 1998; 58:3004-8. [PMID: 9679963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cisplatin is an antitumor drug that is used to treat several types of cancers. In this study, we analyzed the proteins that were cross-linked to DNA in situ in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells incubated with cisplatin. We show that cisplatin cross-links nuclear matrix proteins to DNA. In immunoblotting experiments, we found that nuclear matrix-associated transcription factors and cofactors (estrogen receptor, HET/SAF-B, hnRNP K, and histone deacetylase 1) were cross-linked to nuclear DNA. These transcription factors and cofactors have essential roles in the regulation of genes involved in the proliferation of breast cancer cells and in the organization and structure of chromatin. We applied a novel protocol to demonstrate that the nuclear matrix-bound transcription factors/cofactors were cross-linked to DNA fragments attached to the nuclear matrix. These results suggest that the cross-linking of nuclear matrix-associated transcription factors and cofactors to DNA may be one of the mechanisms by which cisplatin inhibits transcription and replication processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Samuel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
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36
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Laherty CD, Billin AN, Lavinsky RM, Yochum GS, Bush AC, Sun JM, Mullen TM, Davie JR, Rose DW, Glass CK, Rosenfeld MG, Ayer DE, Eisenman RN. SAP30, a component of the mSin3 corepressor complex involved in N-CoR-mediated repression by specific transcription factors. Mol Cell 1998; 2:33-42. [PMID: 9702189 DOI: 10.1016/s1097-2765(00)80111-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The transcriptional corepressor mSin3 is found in a large multiprotein complex containing the histone deacetylases HDAC1 and HDAC2, in addition to at least five tightly associated polypeptides. We have cloned and characterized a novel component of the mSin3 complex, SAP30, SAP30 binds to mSin3 and is capable of mediating transcriptional repression via histone deacetylases. SAP30 also binds the N-CoR corepressor and is required for N-CoR-mediated repression by antagonist-bound estrogen receptor and the homeodomain protein Rpx, as well as N-CoR suppression of transactivation by the POU domain protein Pit-1. However, SAP30 is not required for N-CoR-mediated repression by unliganded retinoic acid receptor or thyroid hormone receptor, suggesting that SAP30 is involved in the functional recruitment of the mSin3-histone deacetylase complex to a specific subset of N-CoR corepressor complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C D Laherty
- Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98104, USA
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Walia H, Chen HY, Sun JM, Holth LT, Davie JR. Histone acetylation is required to maintain the unfolded nucleosome structure associated with transcribing DNA. J Biol Chem 1998; 273:14516-22. [PMID: 9603965 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.273.23.14516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleosomes associated with transcribing chromatin of mammalian cells have an unfolded structure in which the normally buried cysteinyl-thiol group of histone H3 is exposed. In this study we analyzed transcriptionally active/competent DNA-enriched chromatin fractions from chicken mature and immature erythrocytes for the presence of thiol-reactive nucleosomes using organomercury-agarose column chromatography and hydroxylapatite dissociation chromatography of chromatin fractions labeled with [3H]iodoacetate. In mature and immature erythrocytes, the active DNA-enriched chromatin fractions are associated with histones that are rapidly highly acetylated and rapidly deacetylated. When histone deacetylation was prevented by incubating cells with histone deacetylase inhibitors, sodium butyrate or trichostatin A, thiol-reactive H3 of unfolded nucleosomes was detected in the soluble chromatin and nuclear skeleton-associated chromatin of immature, but not mature, erythrocytes. We did not find thiol-reactive nucleosomes in active DNA-enriched chromatin fractions of untreated immature erythrocytes that had low levels of highly acetylated histones H3 and H4 or in chromatin of immature cells incubated with inhibitors of transcription elongation. This study shows that transcription elongation is required to form, and histone acetylation is needed to maintain, the unfolded structure of transcribing nucleosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Walia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E OW3, Canada
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38
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Abstract
Because of the potential role of histone ubiquitination in altering chromatin structure, we characterized the levels of ubiquitination of specific histones in meiotic and postmeiotic germ cells in rat testes by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. The levels of the major ubiquitinated histone forms, mono- and poly-ubiquitinated H2A, were highest in the pachytene spermatocyte stage, declined thereafter through the round spermatid stage, and reached their lowest levels in elongating spermatids. Three additional ubiquitinated histone species, besides H2A, were detected using anti-ubiquitin antibodies specifically in the fraction enriched in elongating spermatids. Based on their electrophoretic mobilities, they corresponded to uH3, uTH3, and uH2B. Polyubiquitinated forms of these proteins were also observed. The identity of these proteins was confirmed by immunoblotting with anti-H3 antisera and by differential extraction of the proteins from the nucleus with increasing salt concentrations. This is the first report of ubiquitination of H3 in vivo. We speculate that its ubiquitination could loosen the nucleosome structure in preparation for histone removal, be a consequence of nucleosome relaxation or disruption caused by other means, or target H3 for degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Y Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 0W3 Canada
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Holth LT, Sun JM, Coutts AS, Murphy LC, Davie JR. Estrogen receptor diminishes DNA-binding activities of chicken GATA-1 and CACCC-binding proteins. DNA Cell Biol 1997; 16:1477-82. [PMID: 9428796 DOI: 10.1089/dna.1997.16.1477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The estrogen receptor (ER) repressed erythroid differentiation and erythroid-specific gene expression. In this study, we investigated the effect of ER alpha (referred to throughout as ER) on DNA-binding activities of transcription factors involved in regulating the expression of erythroid-specific genes, and, in particular, the histone H5 gene. Using electrophoretic mobility shift assays, we found that in the presence of rabbit reticulocyte lysate, human ER reduced the binding activities of chicken immature erythrocyte nuclear extracted proteins to GATA and CACCC sites in the H5 promoter and enhancer. In contrast, the binding activities of NF1 and Sp1 were not affected by ER. Binding of ER to an estrogen response element was enhanced by addition of rabbit reticulocyte lysate. This lysate was also necessary for ER to diminish the DNA-binding activity of GATA-1. These results suggest that additional factor(s) are necessary for full ER function. Both GATA-1 and CACCC-binding proteins are critical for the developmentally regulated expression of erythroid-specific genes. We hypothesize that interference in DNA-binding activities of GATA-1 and CACCC-binding proteins is the mechanism by which the ER inhibits regulation of these genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- L T Holth
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
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Yang WM, Yao YL, Sun JM, Davie JR, Seto E. Isolation and characterization of cDNAs corresponding to an additional member of the human histone deacetylase gene family. J Biol Chem 1997; 272:28001-7. [PMID: 9346952 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.272.44.28001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 369] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Several human cDNAs encoding a histone deacetylase protein, HDAC3, have been isolated. Analysis of the predicted amino acid sequence of HDAC3 revealed an open reading frame of 428 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of 49 kDa. The HDAC3 protein is 50% identical in DNA sequence and 53% identical in protein sequence compared with the previously cloned human HDAC1. Comparison of the HDAC3 sequence with human HDAC2 also yielded similar results, with 51% identity in DNA sequence and 52% identity in protein sequence. The expressed HDAC3 protein is functionally active because it possesses histone deacetylase activity, represses transcription when tethered to a promoter, and binds transcription factor YY1. Similar to HDAC1 and HDAC2, HDAC3 is ubiquitously expressed in many different cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- W M Yang
- Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, the Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA
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41
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Abstract
Transcriptional repression by Mad-Max heterodimers requires interaction of Mad with the corepressors mSin3A/B. Sin3p, the S. cerevisiae homolog of mSin3, functions in the same pathway as Rpd3p, a protein related to two recently identified mammalian histone deacetylases, HDAC1 and HDAC2. Here, we demonstrate that mSin3A and HDAC1/2 are associated in vivo. HDAC2 binding requires a conserved region of mSin3A capable of mediating transcriptional repression. In addition, Mad1 forms a complex with mSin3 and HDAC2 that contains histone deacetylase activity. Trichostatin A, an inhibitor of histone deacetylases, abolishes Mad repression. We propose that Mad-Max functions by recruiting the mSin3-HDAC corepressor complex that deacetylates nucleosomal histones, producing alterations in chromatin structure that block transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- C D Laherty
- Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98104, USA
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42
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Abstract
The protein composition and structure of nuclear matrices isolated from adult chicken immature and mature erythrocytes were analysed. Visualization of nuclear matrices by electron microscopy showed that immature-erythrocyte nuclear matrices had internal structures, while most mature-erythrocyte nuclear matrices did not. Both mature- and immature-erythrocyte nuclear matrices were surrounded by a fibrous network of intermediate filaments. Two-dimensional gel electrophoretic analysis of proteins obtained from fractionated nuclear matrices led to the assignment of the proteins as components of the nuclear porelamina, internal matrix, or cytoskeleton. Common and different proteins belonging to one of the three groups were identified in nuclear matrices of immature and mature erythrocytes. Investigation of the partitioning of histone deacetylase activity, an enzyme associated with the internal matrix, among the erythroid nuclear matrix fractions provided evidence that mature- and immature-erythrocyte nuclear matrices have internal structures. However, the activity of histone deacetylase and level of internal matrix proteins from mature-erythrocyte nuclear matrices were less than those from immature-erythrocyte matrices. The low levels of nuclear RNA and internal matrix proteins may account for lack of visual evidence for an internal matrix in mature erythrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Y Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manltoba, Winnipeg, Canada
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43
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Abstract
The nuclear matrix has roles in organizing nuclear DNA and in controlling transcription. Transcription factors are associated with the nuclear matrix, with the spectra of transcription factors differing from one cell type to another. In this study we identified the transcription factors and enzymes functioning in the regulation of gene expression that were associated with nuclear matrix and nonmatrix nuclear fractions in erythrocytes isolated from chick embryos at different stages of development, anemic and normal adult birds. We found that the primitive erythroid nuclear matrix had the greatest histone deacetylase activity and highest levels of several transcription factors, including GATA-1, CACCC-binding proteins, and NF1. These transcription factors have key roles in erythroid-specific gene expression. The levels of these transcription factors were lower in the nonmatrix and matrix fractions isolated from definitive erythrocytes. For primitive and definitive erythrocytes, the level of CACCC-binding proteins in the nuclear matrix fraction was greater than that of Sp1. The relative levels of these transcription factors were reversed in the nonmatrix fraction. Casein kinase II was not found in erythroid nuclear matrices. The observed erythroid lineage specific alterations in erythroid nuclear matrix transcription factor composition and abundance may be involved in erythroid-specific gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
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Chatham-Showalter PE, Dubov WE, Barr MC, Rhodes M, Sun JM, Wasser T. Alcohol level at head injury and subsequent psychotropic treatment during trauma critical care. Psychosomatics 1996; 37:285-8. [PMID: 8849505 DOI: 10.1016/s0033-3182(96)71567-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol intoxication at the time of traumatic brain injury (TBI) presents many complications for critical care treatment. This is the first reported data on psychotropic dosages administered to TBI patients in the critical care setting. In this study, the blood alcohol level (BAL)-positive patients (n = 14) tended to be older (P = 0.095), have lower admission Glascow Coma Scores (P = 0.031), and spent more days on respirators (P = 0.125) than the BAL-zero patients (n = 21). The BAL-positive group received more days of narcotics and benzodiazepines with markedly higher average daily doses, not statistically significant. These results are a basis for studying relationships between medication, treatment variables, and outcomes for TBI patients and then developing specific medication guidelines.
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Sun JM, Tao R. Shear flow of one-component polarizable fluid in a strong electric field. Phys Rev E Stat Phys Plasmas Fluids Relat Interdiscip Topics 1996; 53:3732-3737. [PMID: 9964683 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.53.3732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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46
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Sun JM, Ferraiuolo R, Davie JR. In situ footprinting of chicken histone H5 gene in mature and immature erythrocytes reveals common factor-binding sites. Chromosoma 1996; 104:504-10. [PMID: 8625738 DOI: 10.1007/bf00352114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
In vitro DNAase I footprinting and gel mobility shift assays have shown that the activities of several nuclear factors (GATA-1, Sp1) that bind to the promoter and downstream enhancer regions of the chicken histone H5 gene are reduced in mature erythrocytes relative to those in immature erythrocytes. In this study we investigated site occupancy in the promoter and downstream enhancer regions of the H5 gene in mature and immature erythrocytes. The ligation-mediated polymerase chain reaction was used to detect DNAase I footprints generated in situ. Most of the sites that bound to Sp1 and/or Sp1-like proteins and GATA-1 in the promoter and enhancer were occupied in situ in mature and immature erythrocytes. However, the level of protection at Sp1/Sp-1-like binding sites in the H5 enhancer region of mature erythroid cells was generally less than that observed for immature cells, suggesting that for any given mature cell not all of the Sp1/Sp1-like binding sites are occupied. Nevertheless, the results of this study suggest that the enhancer and promoter of the H5 gene in mature erythrocytes should be functional, agreeing with nuclear run-on studies showing transcriptional activity of the H5 gene in mature permeabilized cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, 770 Bannatyne Ave., Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, R3E OW3
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47
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Abstract
The expression of the c-myc gene is essential for the proliferation of both hormone-dependent and -independent human breast cancer cells. The regulation of c-myc gene expression in MCF-7 (hormone-dependent, estrogen-receptor (ER)-positive) and MDA MB 231 (hormone-independent, ER-negative) human breast cancer cells differs, with the c-myc gene of MCF-7 but not MDA MB 231 cells being regulated at the transcriptional level by estrogen. We have shown previously that the DNAase I hypersensitive (DH) sites in the c-myc chromatin of hormone-dependent and -independent human breast cancer cells were similar, with the exception of DH site II2. DH site II2, which maps near the P0 promoter, was less sensitive in hormone-dependent than in hormone-independent cells. As DH sites generally indicate the presence of sequence-specific DNA-binding proteins, we undertook a study to identify the nuclear proteins isolated from MCF-7 and MDA MB 231 cells that bound to the P0 and P2 promoter regions of the c-myc gene in vitro. The studies presented here provide evidence that Sp1 and/or Sp1-like proteins bind to the P0 and P2 promoter regions of the c-myc gene of MCF-7 and MDA MB 231 cells. Furthermore, evidence is presented for the presence of several previously unidentified sequence-specific DNA-binding proteins binding to these promoters. The DNA-binding activities of these latter proteins differed in the nuclear extracts of the MCF-7 and MDA MB 231 human breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- T L Miller
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
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48
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Sun JM, Tao R. Viscosity of a one-component polarizable fluid. Phys Rev E Stat Phys Plasmas Fluids Relat Interdiscip Topics 1995; 52:813-818. [PMID: 9963484 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.52.813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Hendzel MJ, Sun JM, Chen HY, Rattner JB, Davie JR. Histone acetyltransferase is associated with the nuclear matrix. J Biol Chem 1994; 269:22894-901. [PMID: 8077241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Only a small fraction of the adult chicken erythrocyte histones is involved in dynamic acetylation. We have reported previously that the rapidly acetylated and deacetylated H4 histones are primarily associated with the transcriptionally active DNA-enriched chromatin fragments that remain attached to the residual nuclear material following micrococcal nuclease digestion and chromatin solubilization. Furthermore, this nuclear fraction contained most of the histone deacetylase activity. In this study we show that the bulk of the nuclear histone acetyltransferase activity is located with the insoluble residual nuclear material. We demonstrate that in vitro the enzymes associated with the residual nuclear material catalyze reversible acetylation when the endogenous histones of the nuclear skeleton-bound chromatin fragments are used as substrate. Nuclear matrices isolated from adult chicken immature erythrocyte and trout liver nuclei had 60-76% of the nuclear histone acetyltransferase activity. Procedures that solubilized the internal nuclear matrix also resulted in the release of the enzyme from the nuclear matrix. Together, our observations suggest that histone acetyltransferase and deacetylase are associated with the internal nuclear matrix, and one of the functions of these enzymes may be to mediate a dynamic attachment between transcriptionally active chromatin and the nuclear matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Hendzel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
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50
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Abstract
Chicken histone H5 is an H1-like linker histone that is expressed only in nucleated erythrocytes. The histone H5 promoter has binding sites for Sp1 (a high affinity site) and UPE-binding protein, while the 3' erythroid-specific enhancer has binding sites for Sp1 (one moderate and three weak affinity), GATA-1, and NF1. In this study we investigated whether trans-acting factors that bind to the chicken histone H5 promoter or enhancer are associated with adult chicken immature and mature erythrocyte nuclear matrices. We show that NF1, but not Sp1, GATA-1, or UPE-binding protein, is associated with the internal nuclear matrices of these erythroid cells. Further, we found that a subset of the NF1 family of proteins is bound to the mature erythrocyte nuclear matrix. These results suggest that in chicken erythrocytes NF1 may mediate an interaction between the histone H5 enhancer and the erythroid internal nuclear matrix. NF1 was also present in the internal nuclear matrices of chicken liver and trout liver. The observations of this study provide evidence that NF1 may have a role in a variety of cell types in targeting specific DNA sequences to the nuclear matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
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