1
|
Shaw NM, Abbasi B, Odisho AY, Hills N, Holler J, Sliwka D, Breyer BN. The Impact of Patient Travel Distance on Outpatient Visit Satisfaction: Comparison of Telehealth and Traditional In-Person Visits. Telemed J E Health 2023; 29:1897-1900. [PMID: 37172307 DOI: 10.1089/tmj.2023.0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Patient satisfaction has been shown to changes based on the distance a patient to see their physician. We sought to examine the effects of telehealth on patient satisfaction. Methods: We examined patient satisfaction survey scores from outpatient clinics at University of California, San Francisco. Patient home and clinic addresses were used to calculate distance in kilometers (km). Outcomes were "top scores (9-10)" and "low scores (<9)." Results: Of 103,124 evaluations that met inclusion criteria, those where patient traveled >100 km for in-person visits had more top scores (84%) than those traveled <10 km (80.2%). Relative to in-person visits, telehealth was associated with an increased odds (odds ratio [OR]: 1.48) of receiving a top score at all distances. Those traveling >100 km had the highest odds of top score for telehealth (OR: 1.86). Conclusions: Patients receiving care through telehealth, particularly those far from the outpatient clinic, are more likely to provide high patient satisfaction scores for the visit provider.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathan M Shaw
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Urology, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Behzad Abbasi
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Anobel Y Odisho
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Center for Digital Health Innovation, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Nancy Hills
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Jordan Holler
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Diane Sliwka
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine at Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, Francisco, California, USA
| | - Benjamin N Breyer
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Shaw NM, Hills N, Holler J, Fernandez A, Davis D, Palmer NR, Sliwka D, Breyer BN. The Impact of Patient-Physician Racial and Gender Concordance on Patient Satisfaction with Outpatient Clinic Visits. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2023:10.1007/s40615-023-01676-5. [PMID: 37341950 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-023-01676-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patient and provider race and gender concordance (patient and physician identify as the same race/ethnicity or gender) may impact patient experience and satisfaction. OBJECTIVE We sought to examine how patient and physician racial and gender concordance effect patient satisfaction with outpatient clinical encounters. Furthermore, we examined factors that changed satisfaction among concordant and discordant dyads. DESIGN Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Provider and Systems (CAHPS) Patient Satisfaction Survey Scores were collected from outpatient clinical encounters between January 2017 and January 2019 at the University of California, San Francisco. PARTICIPANTS Patients who were seen in the eligible time period, who voluntarily provided physician satisfaction scores. Providers with fewer than 30 reviews and encounters with missing data were excluded. MAIN MEASURES Primary outcome was rate of top satisfaction score. The provider score (1-10 scale) was dichotomized as "top score (9-10)" and "low scores (<9)." KEY RESULTS A total of 77,543 evaluations met inclusion criteria. Most patients identified as White (73.5%) and female (55.4%) with a median age of 60 (IQR 45, 70). Compared to White patients, Asian patients were less likely to give a top score even when controlling for racial concordance (OR: 0.67; CI 0.63-0.714). Telehealth was associated with increased odds of a top score relative to in-person visits (OR 1.25; CI 1.07-1.48). The odds of a top score decreased by 11% in racially discordant dyads. CONCLUSIONS Racial concordance, particularly among older, White, male patients, is a nonmodifiable predictor of patient satisfaction. Physicians of color are at a disadvantage, as they receive lower patient satisfaction scores, even in race concordant pairs, with Asian physicians seeing Asian patients receiving the lowest scores. Patient satisfaction data is likely an inappropriate means of determining physician incentives as such may perpetuate racial and gender disadvantages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathan M Shaw
- Department of Urology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Urology, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Nancy Hills
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, 1001 Potrero Suite 3A, San Francisco, CA, 94110, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jordan Holler
- Department of Urology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alicia Fernandez
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Division on General Internal Medicine at Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Denise Davis
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Nynikka R Palmer
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Division on General Internal Medicine at Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Diane Sliwka
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Benjamin N Breyer
- Department of Urology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, 1001 Potrero Suite 3A, San Francisco, CA, 94110, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sadighian M, Hakam N, Amend G, Shaw NM, Tahir P, Allen IE, Nabavizadeh B, Holler J, Shibley W, Li KD, Abbasi B, Bell A, Mohamad O, Breyer BN. Radiation-induced Fistulas in Patients With Prior Pelvic Radiotherapy for Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Urology 2023; 176:121-126. [PMID: 36963666 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2023.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To systematically aggregate and summarize existing data on fistula prevalence among patients with a history of pelvic radiotherapy for prostate cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS We queried PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science on October 7, 2020 for peer-reviewed publications pertaining to radiation-induced fistulas in the pelvis. For meta-analysis, we used the random-effects model. We used the I2 statistic to quantify heterogeneity and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale to assess risk of bias. RESULTS Our final meta-analysis included 6 cohort studies with a total of 7665 patients exposed to pelvic radiotherapy between 1967 and 2013. Median follow-up time was 35.5 months (IQR 33.5-57.5). Pooled prevalence of radiation-induced fistula across all 6 cohort studies was 0.2% (95% CI: 0.1-0.4, I2 = 0.000%, P < .608). In subgroup analysis, we did not detect significant heterogeneity in fistula prevalence in patients who were re-irradiated (0.3%, 95% CI: 0.1-0.4; P = .762) or patients on concurrent chemotherapy (0.4%, 95% CI: -0.3 -1.2; P = .664) compared to those receiving their first course of radiotherapy alone. No randomized controlled trials met inclusion criteria due to ambiguous and inconsistent reporting language for fistula occurrence. CONCLUSION There is limited published literature reporting fistula as an adverse event of prostate cancer radiotherapy, especially in the medium and long-term period. Patients undergoing pelvic radiotherapy for prostate cancer appear at low short-term risk for developing fistulas. Adverse event reporting in randomized controlled trials merits greater granularity where fistulas should be reported with specificity rather than aggregating into broad categories of genitourinary or gastrointestinal adverse events.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Sadighian
- Department of Urology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.
| | - Nizar Hakam
- Department of Urology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Gregory Amend
- Mount Sinai Health System, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Nathan M Shaw
- Department of Urology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Peggy Tahir
- Department of Urology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Isabel E Allen
- Department of Urology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | | | - Jordan Holler
- Department of Urology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - William Shibley
- Department of Urology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Kevin D Li
- Department of Urology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Behzad Abbasi
- Department of Urology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Alexander Bell
- Department of Urology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Osama Mohamad
- Department of Urology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Benjamin N Breyer
- Department of Urology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ziegelmann M, Winkelman A, Holler J, Breyer B, Herndon A, Villanueva C, Kern N. Adult Patient's Opinions on Surgical Correction of Congenital Penile Curvature. J Sex Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2022.01.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
5
|
Merkl P, Mooshammer F, Steinleitner P, Girnghuber A, Lin KQ, Nagler P, Holler J, Schüller C, Lupton JM, Korn T, Ovesen S, Brem S, Malic E, Huber R. Ultrafast transition between exciton phases in van der Waals heterostructures. Nat Mater 2019; 18:691-696. [PMID: 30962556 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-019-0337-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Heterostructures of atomically thin van der Waals bonded monolayers have opened a unique platform to engineer Coulomb correlations, shaping excitonic1-3, Mott insulating4 or superconducting phases5,6. In transition metal dichalcogenide heterostructures7, electrons and holes residing in different monolayers can bind into spatially indirect excitons1,3,8-11 with a strong potential for optoelectronics11,12, valleytronics1,3,13, Bose condensation14, superfluidity14,15 and moiré-induced nanodot lattices16. Yet these ideas require a microscopic understanding of the formation, dissociation and thermalization dynamics of correlations including ultrafast phase transitions. Here we introduce a direct ultrafast access to Coulomb correlations between monolayers, where phase-locked mid-infrared pulses allow us to measure the binding energy of interlayer excitons in WSe2/WS2 hetero-bilayers by revealing a novel 1s-2p resonance, explained by a fully quantum mechanical model. Furthermore, we trace, with subcycle time resolution, the transformation of an exciton gas photogenerated in the WSe2 layer directly into interlayer excitons. Depending on the stacking angle, intra- and interlayer species coexist on picosecond scales and the 1s-2p resonance becomes renormalized. Our work provides a direct measurement of the binding energy of interlayer excitons and opens the possibility to trace and control correlations in novel artificial materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Merkl
- Department of Physics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - F Mooshammer
- Department of Physics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - P Steinleitner
- Department of Physics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - A Girnghuber
- Department of Physics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - K-Q Lin
- Department of Physics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - P Nagler
- Department of Physics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - J Holler
- Department of Physics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - C Schüller
- Department of Physics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - J M Lupton
- Department of Physics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - T Korn
- Department of Physics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Department of Physics, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - S Ovesen
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - S Brem
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - E Malic
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - R Huber
- Department of Physics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Reichert M, Hecker M, Hörbelt R, Lerner S, Holler J, Hecker CM, Padberg W, Weigand MA, Hecker A. [Erratum to: The role of biomarkers in the diagnostics of acute mesenteric ischemia]. Chirurg 2015; 86:55. [PMID: 25591415 DOI: 10.1007/s00104-014-2906-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Reichert
- Klinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral-, Thorax-, Transplantations- und Kinderchirurgie, Universitätsklinik Gießen und Marburg GmbH, Standort Gießen, Rudolf Buchheim Str. 7, 35392, Gießen, Deutschland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hecker A, Schneck E, Röhrig R, Roller F, Hecker B, Holler J, Koch C, Hecker M, Reichert M, Lichtenstern C, Krombach GA, Padberg W, Weigand MA. The impact of early surgical intervention in free intestinal perforation: a time-to-intervention pilot study. World J Emerg Surg 2015; 10:54. [PMID: 26550026 PMCID: PMC4636838 DOI: 10.1186/s13017-015-0047-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSES An abdominal inflammatory focus is the second most often source of sepsis with a high risk of death in surgical intensive care units. By establishing evidence-based bundled strategies the surviving sepsis campaign provided an optimized rapid and continuous treatment of these emergency patients. Hereby the hospital mortality decreased from 35 to 30 %. Sepsis treatment is based on three major therapeutic elements: surgical treatment (source control), antiinfective treatment, and supportive care. The international guidelines of the surviving sepsis campaign were updated recently and recommend rapid diagnosis of the infection and source control within the first 12 h after the diagnosis (grade 1c). Interestingly this recommendation is mainly based on studies on soft tissue infections. METHODS In this retrospective analysis 76 septic patients with an intraabdominal inflammatory focus were included. All patients underwent surgery at different time-points after diagnosis. RESULTS With 80 % patients of the early intervention group had an improved overall survival (vs. 73 % in the late intervention group). CONCLUSIONS Literature on the time dependency of early source control is rare and in part contradicting. Results of this pilot study reveal that immediate surgical intervention might be of advantage for septic emergency patients. Further multi-center approaches will be necessary to evaluate, whether the TTI has any impact on the outcome of septic patients with intestinal perforation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Hecker
- Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Giessen, Rudolf-Buchheim-Street 7, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - E Schneck
- Department of Anesthesiology, Surgical Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, University Hospital Giessen, Rudolf-Buchheim-Street 7, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - R Röhrig
- Department of Anesthesiology, Surgical Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, University Hospital Giessen, Rudolf-Buchheim-Street 7, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - F Roller
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Giessen, Rudolf-Buchheim-Street 7, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - B Hecker
- Department of Anesthesiology, Surgical Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, University Hospital Giessen, Rudolf-Buchheim-Street 7, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - J Holler
- Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Giessen, Rudolf-Buchheim-Street 7, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - C Koch
- Department of Anesthesiology, Surgical Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, University Hospital Giessen, Rudolf-Buchheim-Street 7, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - M Hecker
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Giessen, Rudolf-Buchheim-Street 7, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - M Reichert
- Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Giessen, Rudolf-Buchheim-Street 7, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - C Lichtenstern
- Department of Anesthesiology, Surgical Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, University Hospital Giessen, Rudolf-Buchheim-Street 7, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - G A Krombach
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Giessen, Rudolf-Buchheim-Street 7, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - W Padberg
- Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Giessen, Rudolf-Buchheim-Street 7, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - M A Weigand
- Department of Anesthesiology, Surgical Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, University Hospital Giessen, Rudolf-Buchheim-Street 7, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Malik-Wolf B, Vorce S, Holler J, Bosy T. Evaluation of Abalone -Glucuronidase Substitution in Current Urine Hydrolysis Procedures. J Anal Toxicol 2014; 38:171-6. [DOI: 10.1093/jat/bku003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
|
9
|
Schmitz J, Zakrzewicz A, Wilker S, Kuncová J, Padberg W, Grau V, Holler J. Differential expression of Neuropeptide Y (NPY) and NPY receptors 1/2 between rat lung and kidney allografts. Pneumologie 2012. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1315548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
10
|
Grau V, Garn H, Holler J, Rose F, Blöcher S, Hirschburger M, Fehrenbach H, Padberg W. Epidermal Fatty Acid-Binding Protein (E-FABP) is increased in rat lungs following in vivo treatment with Keratinocyte Growth Factor (KGF). Pneumologie 2006. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-925498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
11
|
Holler J, Wittler M, Raymond LW. 144 ELEVATED BLOOD ALUMINUM AND TONIC-CLONIC SEIZURE IN A FURNACE CLEANER: CONNECTION OR COINCIDENCE? J Investig Med 2005. [DOI: 10.2310/6650.2005.00005.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
12
|
Abstract
Recently, hexachlorobenzene (HCB) was proposed for inclusion in the system of toxicity equivalency factors (TEFs) currently used for dioxin-like compounds. In this paper, we explore the practical implications of the proposition to the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) programs by comparing respective health guidance values for 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and HCB (expressed as total toxicity equivalents [TEQs]), reviewing possible interactions between HCB and dioxin-like chemicals, and by providing information on actual co-existence of HCB and dioxin-like chemicals at hazardous waste sites. We found a good correlation between the TEF-adjusted oral exposure guidance values for HCB and guidance values for TCDD. The combination of HCB and other dioxin-like compounds was not found in soil, air, or water media at hazardous waste sites. Based on this fact, it is not necessary to include HCB in the total TEQ count at hazardous waste sites at this time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H R Pohl
- Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, US Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
De Rosa CT, Pohl HR, Hansen H, Leonard RC, Holler J, Jones D. Reducing uncertainty in the derivation and application of health guidance values in public health practice. Dioxin as a case study. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2000; 895:348-64. [PMID: 10676427 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb08095.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We were requested by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to clarify the relationships among the minimal risk level (MRL), action level, and environmental media evaluation guide (EMEG) for dioxin established by the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). In response we developed a document entitled "Dioxin and Dioxin-Like Compounds in Soil, Part I: ATSDR Interim Policy Guideline"; and a supporting document entitled "Dioxin and Dioxin-Like Compounds in Soil, Part II: Technical Support Document". In these documents, we evaluated the key assumptions underlying the development and use of the ATSDR action level, MRL, and EMEG for dioxin. We described the chronology of events outlining these different health guidance values for dioxin and identified the areas of uncertainty surrounding these values. Four scientific assumptions were found to have had a great impact on this process; these were: (1) the specific uncertainty factors used, (2) the toxicity equivalent (TEQ) approach, (3) the fractional exposure from different pathways, and (4) the use of body burdens in the absence of exposure data. This information was subsequently used to develop a framework for reducing the uncertainties in public health risk assessment associated with exposure to other chemical contaminants in the environment. Within this framework are a number of future directions for reducing uncertainty, including physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling (PBPK), benchmark dose modeling (BMD), functional toxicology, and the assessment of chemical mixture interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C T De Rosa
- Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry Public Health Service, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
De Rosa CT, Brown D, Dhara R, Garrett W, Hansen H, Holler J, Jones D, Jordan-Izaguirre D, O'Conner R, Pohl H, Xintaras C. Dioxin and dioxin-like compounds in soil, Part II: technical support document for ATSDR policy guideline. Toxicol Ind Health 1999; 15:558-76. [PMID: 10560134 DOI: 10.1177/074823379901500604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C T De Rosa
- Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, US Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
De Rosa CT, Brown D, Dhara R, Garrett W, Hansen H, Holler J, Jones D, Jordan-Izaguirre D, O'Conner R, Pohl H, Xintaras C. Dioxin and dioxin-like compounds in soil, Part I: ATSDR policy guideline. Toxicol Ind Health 1999; 15:552-7. [PMID: 10560133 DOI: 10.1177/074823379901500603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C T De Rosa
- Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, US Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Daniel PT, Pun KT, Ritschel S, Sturm I, Holler J, Dörken B, Brown R. Expression of the death gene Bik/Nbk promotes sensitivity to drug-induced apoptosis in corticosteroid-resistant T-cell lymphoma and prevents tumor growth in severe combined immunodeficient mice. Blood 1999; 94:1100-7. [PMID: 10419903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Members of the Bcl-2 gene family have been implicated in the regulation of cell death induced by cytostatic drugs. In some malignancies such as B-cell lymphoma, there is evidence that high expression of Bcl-2 is an independent negative prognostic marker and the overexpression of Bcl-2 has been shown to confer resistance to cytotoxic drugs by preventing drug-induced apoptosis. This function of Bcl-2 can be antagonized by apoptosis-promoting members of the Bcl-2 family. We previously showed that overexpression of Bax restores the chemosensitivity of Bax-deficient breast cancer cell lines. Therefore, we investigated whether the death-promoting Bcl-2 homologue Bik/Nbk can enhance cytostatic drug-induced apoptosis. As a model, we used the T-cell leukemia H9 (CD3(+) and CD4(+)CD8(-)), which is resistant to corticosteroid-induced cell death and does not express endogenous Bik/Nbk. Sensitivity for drug-induced apoptosis was increased 10- to 39-fold in cells transfected with the full-length coding sequence of Bik/Nbk. In addition, apoptosis induced via CD95/Fas or heat shock was increased to a similar extent. These data show that Bik/Nbk, which, unlike Bax, carries only a BH3 but no BH1 or BH2 domain may be a target to enhance chemosensitivity. The complete suppression of tumor growth in a severe combined immunodeficient mouse xenotransplant model suggests that, in analogy to Bax, Bik/Nbk may function as a tumor suppressor gene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P T Daniel
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine; the Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Charité-Campus Berlin-Buch, Humboldt University, Berlin-Buch, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Abstract
The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) uses the weight of evidence methodology to evaluate interactions of chemical mixtures. In the process, toxicity, toxicokinetics, and toxicodynamics of chemical components of the mixture are carefully examined. Based on the evaluation, predictions are made that can be used in real-life situations at hazardous waste sites. In this paper, health outcomes were evaluated for a mixture of eight compounds that were found at a specific site. These eight chemicals were identified and possibly associated with human exposure. The health assessors could consider similar thought processes when evaluating chemical mixtures at hazardous waste sites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H R Pohl
- Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
de C, Brown D, Dhara R, Garrett W, Hansen H, Holler J, Jones D, Jordan-Izaguirre D, O'conner R, Pohl H, Xintaras C. Dioxin and dioxin-like compounds in soil, Part I: ATSDR policy guideline. Toxicol Ind Health 1999. [DOI: 10.1191/074823399678846989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
19
|
de C, Brown D, Dhara R, Garrett W, Hansen H, Holler J, Jones D, Jordan-Izaguirre D, O'conner R, Pohl H, Xintaras C. Dioxin and dioxin-like compounds in soil, Part II: technical support document for ATSDR policy guideline. Toxicol Ind Health 1999. [DOI: 10.1191/074823399678846998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
20
|
Pohl H, Roney N, Fay M, Chou CH, Wilbur S, Holler J. Site-specific consultation for a chemical mixture. Toxicol Ind Health 1999. [DOI: 10.1191/074823399680451740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
21
|
De Rosa CT, Brown D, Dhara R, Garrett W, Hansen H, Holler J, Jones D, Jordan-Izaguirre D, O'Connor R, Pohl H, Xintaras C. Dioxin and dioxin-like compounds in soil, Part II: Technical support document for ATSDR interim policy guideline. Toxicol Ind Health 1997; 13:769-804. [PMID: 9399422 DOI: 10.1177/074823379701300607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C T De Rosa
- Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
De Rosa CT, Brown D, Dhara R, Garrett W, Hansen H, Holler J, Jones D, Jordan-Izaguirre D, O'Connor R, Pohl H, Xintaras C. Dioxin and dioxin-like compounds in soil, Part I: ATSDR interim policy guideline. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. Toxicol Ind Health 1997; 13:759-68. [PMID: 9399421 DOI: 10.1177/074823379701300606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C T De Rosa
- Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Affiliation(s)
- C T DeRosa
- Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Division of Toxicology, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Abstract
Dioxins are among the most toxic anthropogenic chemicals in the environment. Their toxicity has been extensively studied in both humans and animals. Dioxin-contaminated soil may result in dioxins occurring in a food chain. This is especially important for the general population. It has been estimated that about 98% of exposure to dioxins is through the oral route. In the 1980s, a concentration level of 1 ppb 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) in soil was specified as "a level of concern," based on cancer effects. However, recent studies indicate that end points other than cancer are also of concern. A health risk analysis scenario based on health effects of TCDD other than cancer is discussed and compared with the projected intake from 1 ppb TCDD in soil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Pohl
- Division of Toxicology, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Pohl H, Holler J. Halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons and toxicity equivalency factors (TEFs) from the public health assessment perspective. Chemosphere 1995; 31:2547-2559. [PMID: 7670866 DOI: 10.1016/0045-6535(95)00123-p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The validity of the toxicity equivalency factors (TEFs) approach to predicting toxicity of mixtures was investigated on the basis of the public health risk assessment that had been posted for different groups of halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons. First, the minimal risk levels (MRLs) were derived based on the databases available for chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (CDDs), chlorinated dibenzofurans (CDFs), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). The MRL values were then converted to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) toxicity equivalents (TEQs) and compared with each other. There was a good correlation between intermediate duration oral MRLs for TCDD and 2,3,4,7,8-pentaCDF when expressed in TEQs (7 pg/kg/day and 15 pg/kg/day). Although the studies that served for derivation of these MRLs used different species (guinea pigs and rats, respectively), the toxicity endpoints (immunological and hepatic for TCDD and hepatic for 2,3,4,7,8-pentaCDF) were comparable. The hepatic effects were measured by the same techniques (blood chemistry and histopathology), ensuring similar sensitivity. However, there was a discrepancy between acute oral MRLs for TCDD and 2,3,4,7,8-pentaCDF when they were expressed in TEQs (20 pg/kg/day and 500 pg/kg/day, respectively). The studies used for MRL derivation involved not only different species (mice and guinea pigs, respectively), the immunotoxicity endpoints were measured by techniques with different sensitivity (serum complement activity versus histopathology), making comparison difficult. Further calculations showed that the TEFs approach may be feasible for individual coplanar congeners of PCBs, but not for a mixture of Aroclors. Correlations presented here support the concept that the TEFs are valid only if specific criteria for their derivation are met (e.g., a broad database of information, consistency across endpoints, additivity for the effects, a common mechanism of action, etc.). In environmental exposure, the total toxicity of halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons is not necessarily the sum of the total individual congener toxicities because individual congeners compete for the same receptor; therefore, nonadditive behavior may occur.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Pohl
- Division of Toxicology, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Cisláková L, Pospisil R, Holler J, Várady L, Prokopcáková H, Peterková J. [Extra-urogenital detection of Chlamydia trachomatis--perinatal transmission]. Epidemiol Mikrobiol Imunol 1994; 43:111-3. [PMID: 7953083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Infections produced by Chlamydia trachomatis reach an epidemic scale worldwide. Examination of 1,333 women with suspected cervicitis and other clinical symptoms revealed positive findings in 355 (27.5%). Of 72 examined men 25 (34.7%) were positive. Perinatal infection is confirmed also by positive evidence of Ch. t. in 28.9% neonates with conjunctivitis and 19% positive smears from the nasopharynx. The authors used the direct immunofluorescent method, Chlamyset of Orion Co., Finland.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Cisláková
- Ustav hygieny a epidemiológie, Lekárska fakulta UPJS, Kosice
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Affiliation(s)
- F U Schade
- Forschungsinstitut Borstel, Institut für experimentelle Biologie und Medizin, Germany
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Cisláková L, Várady L, Prekop R, Holler J. [Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis in clinical material 1989-1990]. Cesk Epidemiol Mikrobiol Imunol 1992; 41:240-4. [PMID: 1394476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Examination of 276 smears and scrapings from the uterine cervix of women before delivery and during the puerperium revealed in 28.0% positive findings. Perinatal infection was confirmed by the presence of Chlamydia trachomatis in 35.5% neonates with conjunctivitis and 27.3% positive smears from the nasopharynx. The authors used the direct immunofluorescence method. For immunofluorescent staining they used Chlamyset of Orion Co., Finland.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Cisláková
- Ustav hygieny a epidemiológie LF UPJS, Kosice
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Cisláková L, Prekop R, Holler J, Várady L, Prokopcáková H, Pospísil R, Trávnícek M. [Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis in clinical material 1985-1988]. Cesk Gynekol 1990; 55:168-72. [PMID: 2190695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Investigation of 529 smears from the uterine cervix of women before delivery, during the puerperium and before induced abortion revealed positive findings in 25.2% of women before delivery and in 19.3% of women before induced abortion. Perinatal infection was confirmed by a positive finding of Ch. t. in 12.8% neonates with conjunctivitis and 15.4% from the nasopharynx. The direct immunofluorescent method was used. In another group of women examined by the serological method ELISA, from a total of 182 sera in 41.7% the presence of IgG antibodies was detected. In cervical smears from 10 seropositive women in seven Ch. t. was positive.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Cisláková
- Katedra hygieny, epidemiológie a mikrobiológie LF UPJS, Kosice
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Holler J, Cisláková L, Demkov J, Dvorák F. [Incidence of chlamydial infections in women from the Kosice-Saca catchment area]. Cesk Gynekol 1986; 51:403-6. [PMID: 3742626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
|
31
|
Sedliak M, Holler J, Steso J. [Work incapacity of women working in the metallurgical industry]. Cesk Gynekol 1973; 38:532-3. [PMID: 4749349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
|
32
|
Poradovský K, Mészárosová A, Holler J. [Experiences with the insertion of intrauterine contraception pessaries of DANA type immediately after artificial abortion]. Cesk Gynekol 1972; 37:497-9. [PMID: 5077965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
|