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Wallace WA, Gillespie JC, Hodges FL, McCoun JA, Raub BJ, Serrano ER, Moon JR. Pharmacokinetics of a 80mg Sublingual Dose of Delta‐Tocotrienol Powder. FASEB J 2022. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2022.36.s1.l8118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Hanway TR, Wallace WA, Gillespie JC, Hodges FL, McCoun JA, Raub BJ, Serrano ER, Moon JR. Pharmacokinetics of a 40mg Sublingual Dose of Delta‐Tocotrienol Powder. FASEB J 2022. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2022.36.s1.l7918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Vann CG, Roberson PA, Osburn SC, Mumford PW, Romero MA, Fox CD, Moore JH, Haun CT, Beck DT, Moon JR, Kavazis AN, Young KC, Badisa VLD, Mwashote BM, Ibeanusi V, Singh RK, Roberts MD. Skeletal Muscle Myofibrillar Protein Abundance Is Higher in Resistance-Trained Men, and Aging in the Absence of Training May Have an Opposite Effect. Sports (Basel) 2020; 8:sports8010007. [PMID: 31936810 PMCID: PMC7022975 DOI: 10.3390/sports8010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance training generally increases skeletal muscle hypertrophy, whereas aging is associated with a loss in muscle mass. Interestingly, select studies suggest that aging, as well as resistance training, may lead to a reduction in the abundance of skeletal muscle myofibrillar (or contractile) protein (per mg tissue). Proteomic interrogations have also demonstrated that aging, as well as weeks to months of resistance training, lead to appreciable alterations in the muscle proteome. Given this evidence, the purpose of this small pilot study was to examine total myofibrillar as well as total sarcoplasmic protein concentrations (per mg wet muscle) from the vastus lateralis muscle of males who were younger and resistance-trained (denoted as YT, n = 6, 25 ± 4 years old, 10 ± 3 self-reported years of training), younger and untrained (denoted as YU, n = 6, 21 ± 1 years old), and older and untrained (denoted as OU, n = 6, 62 ± 8 years old). The relative abundances of actin and myosin heavy chain (per mg tissue) were also examined using SDS-PAGE and Coomassie staining, and shotgun proteomics was used to interrogate the abundances of individual sarcoplasmic and myofibrillar proteins between cohorts. Whole-body fat-free mass (YT > YU = OU), VL thickness (YT > YU = OU), and leg extensor peak torque (YT > YU = OU) differed between groups (p < 0.05). Total myofibrillar protein concentrations were greater in YT versus OU (p = 0.005), but were not different between YT versus YU (p = 0.325). The abundances of actin and myosin heavy chain were greater in YT versus YU (p < 0.05) and OU (p < 0.001). Total sarcoplasmic protein concentrations were not different between groups. While proteomics indicated that marginal differences existed for individual myofibrillar and sarcoplasmic proteins between YT versus other groups, age-related differences were more prominent for myofibrillar proteins (YT = YU > OU, p < 0.05: 7 proteins; OU > YT = YU, p < 0.05: 11 proteins) and sarcoplasmic proteins (YT = YU > OU, p < 0.05: 8 proteins; OU > YT&YU, p < 0.05: 29 proteins). In summary, our data suggest that modest (~9%) myofibrillar protein packing (on a per mg muscle basis) was evident in the YT group. This study also provides further evidence to suggest that notable skeletal muscle proteome differences exist between younger and older humans. However, given that our n-sizes are low, these results only provide a preliminary phenotyping of the reported protein and proteomic variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher G. Vann
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (C.G.V.); (P.A.R.); (S.C.O.); (P.W.M.); (M.A.R.); (C.D.F.); (J.H.M.); (D.T.B.); (A.N.K.); (K.C.Y.)
| | - Paul. A. Roberson
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (C.G.V.); (P.A.R.); (S.C.O.); (P.W.M.); (M.A.R.); (C.D.F.); (J.H.M.); (D.T.B.); (A.N.K.); (K.C.Y.)
| | - Shelby C. Osburn
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (C.G.V.); (P.A.R.); (S.C.O.); (P.W.M.); (M.A.R.); (C.D.F.); (J.H.M.); (D.T.B.); (A.N.K.); (K.C.Y.)
| | - Petey W. Mumford
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (C.G.V.); (P.A.R.); (S.C.O.); (P.W.M.); (M.A.R.); (C.D.F.); (J.H.M.); (D.T.B.); (A.N.K.); (K.C.Y.)
| | - Matthew A. Romero
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (C.G.V.); (P.A.R.); (S.C.O.); (P.W.M.); (M.A.R.); (C.D.F.); (J.H.M.); (D.T.B.); (A.N.K.); (K.C.Y.)
| | - Carlton D. Fox
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (C.G.V.); (P.A.R.); (S.C.O.); (P.W.M.); (M.A.R.); (C.D.F.); (J.H.M.); (D.T.B.); (A.N.K.); (K.C.Y.)
| | - Johnathon H. Moore
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (C.G.V.); (P.A.R.); (S.C.O.); (P.W.M.); (M.A.R.); (C.D.F.); (J.H.M.); (D.T.B.); (A.N.K.); (K.C.Y.)
| | - Cody T. Haun
- Department of Exercise Science, LaGrange College, LaGrange, GA 30240, USA;
| | - Darren T. Beck
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (C.G.V.); (P.A.R.); (S.C.O.); (P.W.M.); (M.A.R.); (C.D.F.); (J.H.M.); (D.T.B.); (A.N.K.); (K.C.Y.)
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine-Auburn Campus, Auburn, AL 36832, USA
| | | | - Andreas N. Kavazis
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (C.G.V.); (P.A.R.); (S.C.O.); (P.W.M.); (M.A.R.); (C.D.F.); (J.H.M.); (D.T.B.); (A.N.K.); (K.C.Y.)
| | - Kaelin C. Young
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (C.G.V.); (P.A.R.); (S.C.O.); (P.W.M.); (M.A.R.); (C.D.F.); (J.H.M.); (D.T.B.); (A.N.K.); (K.C.Y.)
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine-Auburn Campus, Auburn, AL 36832, USA
| | - Veera L. D. Badisa
- School of the Environment, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA; (V.L.D.B.); (B.M.M.); (V.I.)
| | - Benjamin M. Mwashote
- School of the Environment, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA; (V.L.D.B.); (B.M.M.); (V.I.)
| | - Victor Ibeanusi
- School of the Environment, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA; (V.L.D.B.); (B.M.M.); (V.I.)
| | - Rakesh K. Singh
- Translational Science Lab, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL32306, USA;
| | - Michael D. Roberts
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (C.G.V.); (P.A.R.); (S.C.O.); (P.W.M.); (M.A.R.); (C.D.F.); (J.H.M.); (D.T.B.); (A.N.K.); (K.C.Y.)
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine-Auburn Campus, Auburn, AL 36832, USA
- Correspondence:
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Esco MR, Fedewa MV, Freeborn TJ, Moon JR, Wingo JE, Cicone Z, Holmes CJ, Hornikel B, Welborn B. Agreement between supine and standing bioimpedance spectroscopy devices and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry for body composition determination. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging 2019; 39:355-361. [PMID: 31287228 DOI: 10.1111/cpf.12585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research comparing bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) to dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is limited, especially with newer BIS devices that take measures in a standing position instead of the traditional supine position. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to compare a standing BIS device (BISSTA ) and a supine BIS device (BISSUP ) to DXA for measuring body fat percentage (BF%), fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM) in a cohort of male and female subjects displaying a wide range of ages and BMI levels. METHODS Ninety-five subjects (30 ± 15 years, 170 ± 8·0 cm, 72·6 ± 14·8 kg) participated in the study. Body composition measures were taken from BISSTA , BISSUP and DXA during a single visit to the laboratory following an 8- to 12-h fast in a euhydration state. RESULTS Supine BIS device and BISSTA produced r-values >0·91 and low SEE values for all measurements compared to DXA. Effect sizes were 'trivial' for FFM comparing both BISSUP and BISSTA to DXA (<0·1) and 'small' for FM and BF% (<0·39). Compared to DXA, BISSTA resulted in lower total (TE) and constant errors/mean differences (CE) (TE < 3·6 kg, CE < -1·82 kg) versus BISSUP (TE < 4·35 kg, CE < -3·10 kg) for FFM. CONCLUSION Fat-free mass values for BISSTA resulted in the most comparable measurements to DXA with no mean differences and the lowest total error and effect size. However, the findings indicated both BIS devices may be acceptable alternatives to DXA for BF%, FM and FFM in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Esco
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - Michael V Fedewa
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - Todd J Freeborn
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - Jordan R Moon
- ImpediMed, Inc. Clinical Department, Carlsbad, CA, USA
| | - Jonathan E Wingo
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - Zack Cicone
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - Clifton J Holmes
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - Bjoern Hornikel
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - Bailey Welborn
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
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Haun CT, Vann CG, Osburn SC, Mumford PW, Roberson PA, Romero MA, Fox CD, Johnson CA, Parry HA, Kavazis AN, Moon JR, Badisa VLD, Mwashote BM, Ibeanusi V, Young KC, Roberts MD. Muscle fiber hypertrophy in response to 6 weeks of high-volume resistance training in trained young men is largely attributed to sarcoplasmic hypertrophy. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0215267. [PMID: 31166954 PMCID: PMC6550381 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular adaptations that occur during skeletal muscle hypertrophy in response to high-volume resistance training are not well-characterized. Therefore, we sought to explore how actin, myosin, sarcoplasmic protein, mitochondrial, and glycogen concentrations were altered in individuals that exhibited mean skeletal muscle fiber cross-sectional area (fCSA) hypertrophy following 6 weeks of high-volume resistance training. Thirty previously resistance-trained, college-aged males (mean ± standard deviation: 21±2 years, 5±3 training years) had vastus lateralis (VL) muscle biopsies obtained prior to training (PRE), at week 3 (W3), and at week 6 (W6). Muscle tissue from 15 subjects exhibiting PRE to W6 VL mean fCSA increases ranging from 320–1600 μm2 was further interrogated using various biochemical and histological assays as well as proteomic analysis. Seven of these individuals donated a VL biopsy after refraining from training 8 days following the last training session (W7) to determine how deloading affected biomarkers. The 15 fCSA hypertrophic responders experienced a +23% increase in mean fCSA from PRE to W6 (p<0.001) and, while muscle glycogen concentrations remained unaltered, citrate synthase activity levels decreased by 24% (p<0.001) suggesting mitochondrial volume decreased. Interestingly, repeated measures ANOVAs indicated that p-values approached statistical significance for both myosin and actin (p = 0.052 and p = 0.055, respectively), and forced post hoc tests indicated concentrations for both proteins decreased ~30% from PRE to W6 (p<0.05 for each target). Phalloidin-actin staining similarly revealed actin concentrations per fiber decreased from PRE to W6. Proteomic analysis of the sarcoplasmic fraction from PRE to W6 indicated 40 proteins were up-regulated (p<0.05), KEGG analysis indicated that the glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathway was upregulated (FDR sig. <0.001), and DAVID indicated that the following functionally-annotated pathways were upregulated (FDR value <0.05): a) glycolysis (8 proteins), b) acetylation (23 proteins), c) gluconeogenesis (5 proteins) and d) cytoplasm (20 proteins). At W7, sarcoplasmic protein concentrations remained higher than PRE (+66%, p<0.05), and both actin and myosin concentrations remained lower than PRE (~-50%, p<0.05). These data suggest that short-term high-volume resistance training may: a) reduce muscle fiber actin and myosin protein concentrations in spite of increasing fCSA, and b) promote sarcoplasmic expansion coincident with a coordinated up-regulation of sarcoplasmic proteins involved in glycolysis and other metabolic processes related to ATP generation. Interestingly, these effects seem to persist up to 8 days following training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody T. Haun
- Department of Exercise Science, LaGrange College, LaGrange, GA, United States of America
| | - Christopher G. Vann
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States of America
| | - Shelby C. Osburn
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States of America
| | - Petey W. Mumford
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States of America
| | - Paul A. Roberson
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States of America
| | - Matthew A. Romero
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States of America
| | - Carlton D. Fox
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States of America
| | - Christopher A. Johnson
- School of Medicine, University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Hailey A. Parry
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States of America
| | - Andreas N. Kavazis
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States of America
| | | | - Veera L. D. Badisa
- School of the Environment, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, United States of America
| | - Benjamin M. Mwashote
- School of the Environment, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, United States of America
| | - Victor Ibeanusi
- School of the Environment, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, United States of America
| | - Kaelin C. Young
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States of America
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine—Auburn Campus, Auburn, AL, United States of America
| | - Michael D. Roberts
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States of America
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine—Auburn Campus, Auburn, AL, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Fox CD, Vann CG, Haun CT, Osburn SC, Romero MA, Roberson PA, Mumford PW, Moon JR, Young KC, Roberts MD. Active and Passive Recovery Following High Volume Resistance Training: Markers of Molecular Gene Expression. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000562448.20086.4d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Moore JH, Haun CT, Grandprey EL, Joubert KP, Vann CG, Roberson PA, Mumford PW, Romero MA, Osburn SC, Mobely CB, Moon JR, Roberts MD, Young KC. A Comparison of Techniques for Estimating and Detecting Changes in Skeletal Muscle Cross-Sectional Area. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000563330.19472.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Grandprey EL, Joubert KP, Haun CT, Vann CG, Roberson PA, Mumford PW, Romero MA, Osburn SC, Mobley CB, Moon JR, Roberts MD, Young KC. Agreement Between Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry and a New Standing Bioimpedance Spectroscopy Device for Detecting Changes in Fat-Free Tissue. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000562016.77533.e1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Hornikel B, Cicone ZS, Holmes CJ, Welborn BA, Esco MR, Moon JR, Freeborn T. Agreement Between Two Bioimpedance Spectroscopy Devices and DXA for Body Composition. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000563246.98455.88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Falcone PH, Nieman KM, Tribby AC, Vogel RM, Joy JM, Moon JR, Slayton CA, Henigman MM, Lasrado JA, Lewis BJ, Fonseca BA, Herrlinger KA. The attention-enhancing effects of spearmint extract supplementation in healthy men and women: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel trial. Nutr Res 2019; 64:24-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2018.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Haun CT, Vann CG, Mobley CB, Osburn SC, Mumford PW, Roberson PA, Romero MA, Fox CD, Parry HA, Kavazis AN, Moon JR, Young KC, Roberts MD. Pre-training Skeletal Muscle Fiber Size and Predominant Fiber Type Best Predict Hypertrophic Responses to 6 Weeks of Resistance Training in Previously Trained Young Men. Front Physiol 2019; 10:297. [PMID: 30971942 PMCID: PMC6445136 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Limited evidence exists regarding differentially expressed biomarkers between previously-trained low versus high hypertrophic responders in response to resistance training. Herein, 30 college-aged males (training age 5 ± 3 years; mean ± SD) partook in 6 weeks of high-volume resistance training. Body composition, right leg vastus lateralis (VL) biopsies, and blood were obtained prior to training (PRE) and at the 3-week (W3) and 6-week time points (W6). The 10 lowest (LOW) and 10 highest (HIGH) hypertrophic responders were clustered based upon a composite hypertrophy score of PRE-to-W6 changes in right leg VL mean muscle fiber cross-sectional area (fCSA), VL thickness assessed via ultrasound, upper right leg lean soft tissue mass assessed via dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and mid-thigh circumference. Two-way ANOVAs were used to compare biomarker differences between the LOW and HIGH clusters over time, and stepwise linear regression was performed to elucidate biomarkers that explained significant variation in the composite hypertrophy score from PRE to W3, W3 to W6, and PRE to W6 in all 30 participants. PRE-to-W6 HIGH and LOW responders exhibited a composite hypertrophy change of +10.7 ± 3.2 and -2.1 ± 1.6%, respectively (p < 0.001). Compared to HIGH responders, LOW responders exhibited greater PRE type II fCSA (+18%, p = 0.022). Time effects (p < 0.05) existed for total RNA/mg muscle (W6 > W3 > PRE), phospho (p)-4EBP1 (PRE > W3&W6), pan-mTOR (PRE > W3 < W6), p-mTOR (PRE > W3 < W6), pan-AMPKα (PRE > W3 < W6), pan-p70s6k (PRE > W3), muscle ubiquitin-labeled proteins (PRE > W6), mechano growth factor mRNA (W6 > W3&PRE), 45S rRNA (PRE > W6), and muscle citrate synthase activity (PRE > W3&W6). No interactions existed for the aforementioned biomarkers and/or other assayed targets (muscle 20S proteasome activity, serum total testosterone, muscle androgen receptor protein levels, muscle glycogen, or serum creatine kinase). Regression analysis indicated PRE type II fiber percentage (R2 = 0.152, β = 0.390, p = 0.033) and PRE type II fCSA (R2 = 0.207, β = -0.455, p = 0.019) best predicted the PRE-to-W6 change in the composite hypertrophy score. While our sample size is limited, these data suggest: (a) HIGH responders may exhibit more growth potential given that they possessed lower PRE type II fCSA values and (b) possessing a greater type II fiber percentage as a trained individual may be advantageous for hypertrophy in response to resistance training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody T Haun
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States.,Department of Exercise Science, LaGrange College, LaGrange, GA, United States
| | | | - C Brooks Mobley
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Shelby C Osburn
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Petey W Mumford
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Paul A Roberson
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Matthew A Romero
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Carlton D Fox
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Hailey A Parry
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | | | | | - Kaelin C Young
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States.,Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine - Auburn Campus, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Michael D Roberts
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States.,Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine - Auburn Campus, Auburn, AL, United States
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Falcone PH, Tribby AC, Vogel RM, Joy JM, Moon JR, Slayton CA, Henigman MM, Lasrado JA, Lewis BJ, Fonseca BA, Nieman KM, Herrlinger KA. Efficacy of a nootropic spearmint extract on reactive agility: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel trial. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2018; 15:58. [PMID: 30541572 PMCID: PMC6291964 DOI: 10.1186/s12970-018-0264-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Proprietary spearmint extract (PSE) containing a minimum 14.5% rosmarinic acid and 24% total phenolic content, has evinced positive effects on cognition in individuals aged 50-70 with memory impairment after chronic supplementation. To address the growing interest in connecting mental and physical performance, the present study examined whether the nootropic effects of PSE translate into changes in reactive agility following daily supplementation with PSE. METHODS Utilizing a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel design, healthy, recreationally-active men and women (n = 142) received 900 mg of PSE or placebo (PLA) daily for 90 days. Reactive agility, our primary outcome, was determined by measuring the number of hits and average reaction time (ART) on a Makoto Arena II, a 3600 audio-visual device that measures stationary, lateral, and multi-directional active choice reaction performance. Safety was evaluated using complete blood count, comprehensive metabolic panel, and blood lipids. Measurements were evaluated on days 7, 30, and 90 of supplementation. RESULTS An overall treatment effect (p = 0.019) was evident for increased hits with PSE on the stationary test with footplates, with between group differences at Day 30 (PSE vs. PLA: 28.96 ± 2.08 vs. 28.09 ± 1.92 hits; p = 0.040) and Day 90 (PSE vs. PLA: 28.42 ± 2.54 vs. 27.02 ± 3.55 hits; p = 0.002). On the same task, ART improved (treatment effect, p = 0.036) with PSE at Day 7 (PSE vs. PLA: 0.5896 ± 0.060 vs. 0.6141 ± 0.073 s; p = 0.049) and Day 30 (PSE vs. PLA: 0.5811 ± 0.068 vs. 0.6033 ± 0.055 s; p = 0.049). PSE also significantly increased hits (treatment effect, p = 0.020) at Day 30 (PSE vs. PLA: 19.25 ± 1.84 vs. 18.45 ± 1.48 hits; p = 0.007) and Day 90 (PSE vs. PLA: 19.39 ± 1.90 vs. 18.66 ± 1.64 hits; p = 0.026) for the multi-directional test with footplates. Significant differences were not observed in the remaining Makoto tests. PSE was well tolerated as evidenced by no effects observed in the blood safety panels. CONCLUSIONS The findings of the current study demonstrate that consumption of 900 mg of PSE improved specific measures of reactive agility in a young, active population. TRIAL REGISTRATION clinicaltrials.gov, NCT02518165 . Registered August 7, 2015 - retrospectively registered.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aaron C. Tribby
- MusclePharm Sports Science Institute, Denver, CO USA
- Mercy Hospital, Springfield, MO USA
| | - Roxanne M. Vogel
- MusclePharm Sports Science Institute, Denver, CO USA
- Gu Energy Labs, Berkeley, CA USA
| | - Jordan M. Joy
- MusclePharm Sports Science Institute, Denver, CO USA
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Texas Woman’s University, Dallas, TX USA
| | - Jordan R. Moon
- MusclePharm Sports Science Institute, Denver, CO USA
- Impedimed, Inc., Carlsbad, CA USA
| | - Chantelle A. Slayton
- MusclePharm Sports Science Institute, Denver, CO USA
- Metropolitan State University, Denver, CO USA
| | - Micah M. Henigman
- MusclePharm Sports Science Institute, Denver, CO USA
- Metropolitan State University, Denver, CO USA
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Kephart WC, Wachs TD, Thompson RM, Mobley CB, Fox CD, McDonald JR, Ferguson BS, Young KC, Nie B, Martin JS, Company JM, Pascoe DD, Arnold RD, Moon JR, Roberts MD. Correction to: Ten weeks of branched-chain amino acid supplementation improves select performance and immunological variables in trained cyclists. Amino Acids 2018; 50:1495. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-018-2632-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Haun CT, Vann CG, Mobley CB, Roberson PA, Osburn SC, Holmes HM, Mumford PM, Romero MA, Young KC, Moon JR, Gladden LB, Arnold RD, Israetel MA, Kirby AN, Roberts MD. Effects of Graded Whey Supplementation During Extreme-Volume Resistance Training. Front Nutr 2018; 5:84. [PMID: 30255024 PMCID: PMC6141782 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2018.00084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined hypertrophic outcomes of weekly graded whey protein dosing (GWP) vs. whey protein (WP) or maltodextrin (MALTO) dosed once daily during 6 weeks of high-volume resistance training (RT). College-aged resistance-trained males (training age = 5 ± 3 years; mean ± SD) performed 6 weeks of RT wherein frequency was 3 d/week and each session involved 2 upper- and 2 lower-body exercises (10 repetitions/set). Volume increased from 10 sets/exercise (week 1) to 32 sets/exercise (week 6), which is the highest volume investigated in this timeframe. Participants were assigned to WP (25 g/d; n = 10), MALTO (30 g/d; n = 10), or GWP (25–150 g/d from weeks 1–6; n = 11), and supplementation occurred throughout training. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), vastus lateralis (VL), and biceps brachii ultrasounds for muscle thicknesses, and bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy (BIS) were performed prior to training (PRE) and after weeks 3 (MID) and 6 (POST). VL biopsies were also collected for immunohistochemical staining. The GWP group experienced the greatest PRE to POST reduction in DXA fat mass (FM) (−1.00 kg, p < 0.05), and a robust increase in DXA fat- and bone-free mass [termed lean body mass (LBM) throughout] (+2.93 kg, p < 0.05). However, the MALTO group also experienced a PRE to POST increase in DXA LBM (+2.35 kg, p < 0.05), and the GWP and MALTO groups experienced similar PRE to POST increases in type II muscle fiber cross-sectional area (~+300 μm2). When examining the effects of training on LBM increases (ΔLBM) in all participants combined, PRE to MID (+1.34 kg, p < 0.001) and MID to POST (+0.85 kg, p < 0.001) increases were observed. However, when adjusting ΔLBM for extracellular water (ECW) changes, intending to remove the confounder of edema, a significant increase was observed from PRE to MID (+1.18 kg, p < 0.001) but not MID to POST (+0.25 kg; p = 0.131). Based upon DXA data, GWP supplementation may be a viable strategy to improve body composition during high-volume RT. However, large LBM increases observed in the MALTO group preclude us from suggesting that GWP supplementation is clearly superior in facilitating skeletal muscle hypertrophy. With regard to the implemented RT program, ECW-corrected ΔLBM gains were largely dampened, but still positive, in resistance-trained participants when RT exceeded ~20 sets/exercise/wk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody T Haun
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | | | | | - Paul A Roberson
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Shelby C Osburn
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Hudson M Holmes
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Petey M Mumford
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Matthew A Romero
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Kaelin C Young
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States.,Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine-Auburn Campus, Auburn, AL, United States
| | | | - L Bruce Gladden
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Robert D Arnold
- Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | | | - Annie N Kirby
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine-Auburn Campus, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Michael D Roberts
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States.,Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine-Auburn Campus, Auburn, AL, United States
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Moon JR, Lane MT, Doernte LA, Bean RM, Spears AM, Cicone ZS, Holmes CJ, Welborn BA, Freeborn T, Esco MR. Bioimpedance Spectroscopy Measurements Comparing Different Body Positions and Electrode Types in Men and Women. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2018. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000536668.06195.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Lane M, Doernte LA, Spears AM, Bean RM, Moon JR. Effects of Body Position and Electrode Type on the Reliability of Bioimpedance Spectroscopy. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2018. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000538748.19820.8f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Lane MT, Doernte LA, Spears AM, Bean RM, Moon JR. Relationships Between Dual‐Energy X‐Ray Absorptiometry Bone Mineral Content and Bone Mineral Density and Standing and Sitting Bioimpedance Spectroscopy Variables in Healthy Men and Women. FASEB J 2018. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2018.32.1_supplement.768.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael T. Lane
- Exercise and Sports ScienceEastern Kentucky UniversityRichmondKY
| | - Lee A. Doernte
- Exercise and Sports ScienceEastern Kentucky UniversityRichmondKY
| | - April M. Spears
- Exercise and Sports ScienceEastern Kentucky UniversityRichmondKY
| | - Ryan M. Bean
- Exercise and Sports ScienceEastern Kentucky UniversityRichmondKY
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Moon JR, Lane MT, Doernte LA, Bean RM, Spears AM. Relationships Between Dual‐Energy X‐Ray Absorptiometry Fat and Lean Tissue Masses and Standing and Sitting Bioimpedance Spectroscopy Variables in Healthy Men and Women. FASEB J 2018. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2018.32.1_supplement.910.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael T. Lane
- Exercise and Sports ScienceEastern Kentucky UniversityRichmondKY
| | - Lee A. Doernte
- Exercise and Sports ScienceEastern Kentucky UniversityRichmondKY
| | - Ryan M. Bean
- Exercise and Sports ScienceEastern Kentucky UniversityRichmondKY
| | - April M. Spears
- Exercise and Sports ScienceEastern Kentucky UniversityRichmondKY
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Esco MR, Nickerson BS, Fedewa MV, Moon JR, Snarr RL. A novel method of utilizing skinfolds and bioimpedance for determining body fat percentage via a field-based three-compartment model. Eur J Clin Nutr 2018; 72:1431-1438. [DOI: 10.1038/s41430-017-0060-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Kendall KL, Hyde PN, Fairman CM, Hollaway KM, Mumford PW, Haun CT, Mobley B, Kephart WC, Tribby AC, Kimber D, Moon JR, Beck DT, Roberts MD, Young KC. A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial to Determine the Effectiveness and Safety of a Thermogenic Supplement in Addition to an Energy-Restricted Diet in Apparently Healthy Females. J Diet Suppl 2017; 14:653-666. [DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2017.1304484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Parker N. Hyde
- Department of Human Sciences, College of Education and Human Ecology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ciaran M. Fairman
- Department of Human Sciences, College of Education and Human Ecology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kaitlyn M. Hollaway
- Clinical Trials Unit, University of Kansas Medical Center - Wichita Campus, Wichita, KS, USA
| | - Petey W. Mumford
- Molecular and Applied Sciences Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Cody T. Haun
- Molecular and Applied Sciences Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Brooks Mobley
- Molecular and Applied Sciences Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Wesley C. Kephart
- Molecular and Applied Sciences Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | | | | | - Jordan R. Moon
- School of Health Sciences, American Public University System, Charles Town, WV, USA
| | - Darren T. Beck
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine - Auburn Campus, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Michael D. Roberts
- Molecular and Applied Sciences Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine - Auburn Campus, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Kaelin C. Young
- Molecular and Applied Sciences Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine - Auburn Campus, Auburn, AL, USA
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Stock MS, Mota JA, DeFranco RN, Grue KA, Jacobo AU, Chung E, Moon JR, DeFreitas JM, Beck TW. The time course of short-term hypertrophy in the absence of eccentric muscle damage. Eur J Appl Physiol 2017; 117:989-1004. [DOI: 10.1007/s00421-017-3587-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Falcone PH, Tai CY, Carson LR, Gwinn JA, Mccann TR, Loveridge NJ, Moon JR. The Effect of Mild Dehydration Induced by Heat and Exercise on Cognitive Function. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.17140/pcsoj-3-120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Lockwood CM, Roberts MD, Dalbo VJ, Smith-Ryan AE, Kendall KL, Moon JR, Stout JR. Effects of Hydrolyzed Whey versus Other Whey Protein Supplements on the Physiological Response to 8 Weeks of Resistance Exercise in College-Aged Males. J Am Coll Nutr 2016; 36:16-27. [PMID: 27710436 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2016.1140094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to compare the chronic effects of different whey protein forms on body composition and performance when supplemented with resistance training. METHODS Resistance-trained men (N = 56, 21.4 ± 0.4 years, 79.5 ± 1.0 kg) participated in an 8-week resistance training regimen (2 upper-body sessions and 2 lower-body sessions per week) and received one of 4 double-blinded treatments: 30 g/serving carbohydrate placebo (PLA) or 30 g/serving protein from either (a) 80% whey protein concentrate (WPC), (b) high-lactoferrin-containing WPC (WPC-L), or (c) extensively hydrolyzed WPC (WPH). All subjects consumed 2 servings of treatment per day; specifically, once immediately before and after training and between meals on nontraining days. Blood collection, one repetition maximum (1RM) testing for bench press and hack squat, and body composition assessment using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) occurred prior to training and 48 hours following the last training session. RESULTS Total body skeletal muscle mass increased in all groups (p < 0.0125). There were similar between-group increases in upper-body (4%-7%, analysis of covariance [ANCOVA] interaction p = 0.73) and lower-body (24%-35%, ANCOVA interaction p = 0.85) 1RM strength following the intervention. Remarkably, WPH reduced fat mass (-6%), which was significantly different from PLA (+4.4%, p < 0.0125). No time or between-group differences were present for serum markers of health, metabolism, or muscle damage, with the exception of blood urea nitrogen being significantly lower for WPH than WPC (p < 0.05) following the intervention. CONCLUSIONS WPH may augment fat loss but did not provide any other advantages when used in combination with resistance training. More mechanistic research is needed to examine how WPH affects adipose tissue physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Vincent J Dalbo
- c School of Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University , Queensland , AUSTRALIA
| | - Abbie E Smith-Ryan
- d Department of Exercise and Sports Science , University of North Carolina Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , North Carolina
| | | | - Jordan R Moon
- f Department of Sports Fitness and Health , United States Sports Academy , Daphne , Alabama
| | - Jeffrey R Stout
- g Department of Educational and Human Sciences , University of Central Florida , Orlando , Florida
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Ramaswamy L, Velraja S, Escalante G, Harvey P, Alencar M, Haddock B, Harvey P, Escalante G, Alencar M, Haddock B, Durkalec-Michalski K, Jeszka J, Zawieja B, Podgórski T, Trussardi Fayh AP, Okano AH, de Jesus Ferreira AM, Jäger R, Purpura M, Harris RC, Krause MM, Lavanger KA, Allen NO, Lieb AE, Mullen KA, Eckerson JM, Lavanger KA, Krause MM, Allen NO, Lieb AE, Mullen KA, Eckerson JM, Morales E, Forsse J, Andre T, McKinley S, Hwang P, Tinsley G, Spillane M, Grandjean P, Willoughby D, Jagim A, Wright G, Kisiolek J, Meinking M, Ochsenwald J, Andre M, Jones MT, Oliver JM, Ferreira VA, de Souza DC, dos Santos VOA, Browne RAV, Costa EC, Fayh APT, Mathews ST, Bishop HD, Bowen CR, Liang Y, West EA, Rogers RR, Marshall MR, Petrella JK, Holland AM, Kephart WC, Mumford PW, Mobley CB, Lowery RP, Wilson JM, Roberts MD, Trexler ET, Hirsch KR, Campbell BI, Mock MG, Smith-Ryan AE, Zemek K, Johnston C, Mobley CB, Mumford PW, Pascoe DD, Lockwood CM, Miller ME, Roberts MD, Sanders GJ, Peveler W, Warning B, Peacock CA, Kephart WC, Mumford PW, Lowery RP, Roberts MD, Wilson JM, Sandler D, Ojalvo SP, Komorowski J, Campbell BI, Aguilar D, Vargas A, Conlin L, Sanders A, Fink-Irizarry P, Norton L, Perry R, McCallum R, Wynn MR, Lenton J, Campbell BI, Gai C, Donelson S, Best S, Bove D, Couvillion K, Dolan J, Xing D, Chernesky K, Pawela M, Toledo AD, Jimenez R, Rabideau M, Walker A, Pellegrino J, Hofacker M, McFadden B, Conway S, Ordway C, Sanders D, Monaco R, Fragala MS, Arent SM, Stone JD, Kreutzer A, Oliver JM, Kisiolek J, Jagim AR, Hofacker M, Walker A, Pellegrino J, Rabideau M, McFadden B, Conway S, Sanders D, Ordway C, Monaco R, Fragala MS, Arent SM, Tok O, Pellegrino JK, Walker AJ, Sanders DJ, McFadden BA, Rabideau MM, Conway SP, Ordway CE, Bello M, Hofacker ML, Mackowski NS, Poyssick AJ, Capone E, Monaco RM, Fragala MS, Arent SM, Mumford PW, Holland AM, Kephart WC, Lowery RP, Mobley CB, Patel RK, Newton A, Beck DT, Roberts MD, Wilson JM, Young KC, Silver T, Ellerbroek A, Buehn R, Vargas L, Tamayo A, Peacock C, Antonio J, Ellerbroek A, Silver T, Buehn R, Vargas L, Tamayo A, Peacock C, Antonio J, Pollock A, Ellerbroek A, Silver T, Peacock C, Antonio J, Kreutzer A, Zavala P, Fleming S, Jones M, Oliver JM, Jagim A, Haun CT, Mumford PW, Hyde PN, Fairman CM, Kephart WC, Beck DT, Moon JR, Roberts MD, Kendall KL, Young KC, Hudson GM, Hannings T, Sprow K, DiPietro L, Kalman D, Ojalvo SP, Komorowski J, Zavala P, Fleming S, Jones M, Oliver J, Jagim A, Wallace B, Bergstrom H, Wallace K, Monsalves-Alvarez M, Oyharçabal S, Espinoza V, VanDusseldorp TA, Escobar KA, Johnson KE, Cole N, Moriarty T, Stratton M, Endito MR, Mermier CM, Kerksick CM, Romero MA, Mobley CB, Linden M, Meers GME, Rector RS, Roberts MD, Gills JL, Lu H, Parker K, Dobbins C, Guillory JN, Romer B, Szymanski D, Glenn J, Newmire DE, Rivas E, Deemer SE, Wildman R, Ben-Ezra V, Kerksick C, Gieske B, Stecker R, Smith C, Witherbee K, Lane MT, Byrd MT, Bell Z, Frith E, Lane LMC, Lane MT, Byrd MT, Bell Z, Frith E, Lane LMC, Peacock CA, Silver TA, Colas M, Mena M, Rodriguez W, Sanders GJ, Antonio J, Vansickle A, DiFiore B, Stepp S, Slack G, Smith B, Ruffner K, Mendel R, Lowery L, Hirsch KR, Mock MG, Blue MMN, Trexler ET, Roelofs EJ, Smith-Ryan AE, Conlin L, Aguilar D, Campbell BI, Norton L, Coles K, Trexler ET, Martinez N, Joy JM, Vogel RM, Hoover TH, Broughton KS, Dalton R, Sowinski R, Grubic T, Collins PB, Colletta A, Reyes A, Sanchez B, Kozehchain M, Jung YP, Rasmussen C, Murano P, Earnest CP, Greenwood M, Kreider RB, Grubic T, Dalton R, Sowinski R, Collins PB, Colletta A, Reyes A, Sanchez B, Kozehchain M, Jung YP, Rasmussen C, Murano P, Earnest CP, Greenwood M, Kreider RB, Sowinski R, Dalton R, Grubic T, Collins PB, Colletta A, Reyes A, Sanchez B, Kozehchain M, Jung YP, Rasmussen C, Murano P, Earnest CP, Greenwood M, Kreider RB, Durkalec-Michalski K, Jeszka J, Podgórski T, Kerksick C, Gieske B, Stecker R, Smith C, Witherbee K, Urbina S, Santos E, Villa K, Olivencia A, Bennett H, Lara M, Foster C, Wilborn C, Taylor L, Cholewa JM, Hewins A, Gallo S, Micensky A, de Angelis C, Carney C, Campbell B, Conlin L, Norton L, Rossi F, Koozehchian MS, Collins PB, Sowinski R, Grubic T, Dalton R, O’Connor A, Shin SY, Jung YP, Sanchez BK, Coletta A, Cho M, Reyes A, Rasmussen C, Earnest CP, Murano PS, Greenwood M, Kreider RB. Proceedings of the Thirteenth International Society of Sports Nutrition (ISSN) Conference and Expo. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2016. [PMCID: PMC5025820 DOI: 10.1186/s12970-016-0144-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
P1 Impact of antioxidant-enriched nutrient bar supplementation on the serum antioxidant markers and physical fitness components of track and field athletes Lalitha Ramaswamy, Supriya Velraja P2 The effects of phosphatidic acid supplementation on fitness levels in resistance trained women Guillermo Escalante, Phil Harvey, Michelle Alencar, Bryan Haddock P3 The effects of phosphatidic acid supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors in resistance trained men Phil Harvey, Guillermo Escalante, Michelle Alencar, Bryan Haddock P4 The efficacy of sodium bicarbonate supplementation on physical capacity and selected biochemical markers in elite wrestlers Krzysztof Durkalec-Michalski, Jan Jeszka, Bogna Zawieja, Tomasz Podgórski P5 Effects of different nutritional strategies in hydration and physical performance in healthy well-trained males Ana Paula Trussardi Fayh, Alexandre Hideki Okano, Amanda Maria de Jesus Ferreira P6 Reduction of plasma creatine concentrations as an indicator of improved bioavailability Ralf Jäger, Martin Purpura, Roger C Harris P7 Effect of three different breakfast meals on energy intake and nutritional status in college-age women Molly M. Krause, Kiley A. Lavanger, Nina O. Allen, Allison E. Lieb, Katie A. Mullen, Joan M. Eckerson P8 Accuracy of the ASA24® Dietary Recall system for assessing actual dietary intake in normal weight college-age women. Kiley A. Lavanger, Molly M. Krause, Nina O. Allen, Allison E. Lieb, Katie A. Mullen, Joan M. Eckerson P9 β-aminoisobutyric acid does not regulate exercise induced UCP-3 expression in skeletal muscle Elisa Morales, Jeffrey Forsse, Thomas Andre, Sarah McKinley, Paul Hwang, Grant Tinsley, Mike Spillane, Peter Grandjean, Darryn Willoughby P10 The ability of collegiate football athletes to adhere to sport-specific nutritional recommendations A. Jagim, G. Wright, J. Kisiolek, M. Meinking, J. Ochsenwald, M. Andre, M.T. Jones, J. M. Oliver P11 A single session of low-volume high intensity interval exercise improves appetite regulation in overweight men Victor Araújo Ferreira, Daniel Costa de Souza, Victor Oliveira Albuquerque dos Santos, Rodrigo Alberto Vieira Browne, Eduardo Caldas Costa, Ana Paula Trussardi Fayh P12 Acute effects of oral peppermint oil ingestion on exercise performance in moderately-active college students Suresh T. Mathews, Haley D. Bishop, Clara R. Bowen, Yishan Liang, Emily A. West, Rebecca R. Rogers, Mallory R. Marshall, John K. Petrella P13 Associations in body fat and liver triglyceride content with serum health markers in sedentary and exercised rats fed a ketogenic diet, Western diet or standard chow over a 6-week period A. Maleah Holland, Wesley C. Kephart, Petey W. Mumford, C. Brooks Mobley, Ryan P. Lowery, Jacob M. Wilson, Michael D. Roberts P14 Physiological changes following competition in male and female physique athletes: A pilot study Eric T. Trexler, Katie R. Hirsch, Bill I. Campbell, Meredith G. Mock, Abbie E. Smith-Ryan P15 Relationship between cognition and hydration status in college students at a large Southwestern university Kate Zemek, Carol Johnston P16 Whey protein-derived exosomes increase protein synthesis in C2C12 myotubes C. Brooks Mobley, Petey W. Mumford, David D. Pascoe, Christopher M. Lockwood, Michael E. Miller, Michael D. Roberts P17 The effect of three different energy drinks on 1.5-mile running performance, oxygen consumption, and perceived exertion Gabriel J. Sanders, Willard Peveler, Brooke Warning, Corey A. Peacock P18 The Ketogenic diet improves rotarod performance in young and older rats Wesley C. Kephart, Petey W. Mumford, Ryan P. Lowery, Michael D. Roberts, Jacob M. Wilson P19 Absorption of bonded arginine silicate compared to individual arginine and silicon components David Sandler, Sara Perez Ojalvo, James Komorowski P20 Effects of a high (2.4 g/kg) vs. low/moderate (1.2 g/kg) protein intake on body composition in aspiring female physique athletes engaging in an 8-week resistance training program Bill I. Campbell, Danielle Aguilar, Andres Vargas, Laurin Conlin, Amey Sanders, Paola Fink-Irizarry, Layne Norton, Ross Perry, Ryley McCallum, Matthew R. Wynn, Jack Lenton P21 Effects of a high (2.4 g/kg) vs. low/moderate (1.2 g/kg) protein intake on maximal strength in aspiring female physique athletes engaging in an 8-week resistance training program Bill I. Campbell, Chris Gai, Seth Donelson, Shiva Best, Daniel Bove, Kaylee Couvillion, Jeff Dolan, Dante Xing, Kyshia Chernesky, Michael Pawela, Andres D. Toledo, Rachel Jimenez P22 Monitoring of female collegiate athletes over a competitive season reveals changes in nutritional biomarkers M. Rabideau, A. Walker, J. Pellegrino, M. Hofacker, B. McFadden, S. Conway, C. Ordway, D. Sanders, R. Monaco, M. S. Fragala, S. M. Arent P23 Comparison of prediction equations to indirect calorimetry in men and women athletes Jason D. Stone, Andreas Kreutzer, Jonathan M. Oliver, Jacob Kisiolek, Andrew R. Jagim P24 Regional variations in sweat-based electrolyte loss and changes in plasma electrolyte content in Division I female athletes over the course of a competitive season M. Hofacker, A. Walker, J. Pellegrino, M. Rabideau, B. McFadden, S. Conway, D. Sanders, C. Ordway, R. Monaco, M. S. Fragala, S. M. Arent P25 In-season changes in plasma amino acid levels in Division I NCAA female athletes Ozlem Tok, Joseph K. Pellegrino, Alan J. Walker, David J. Sanders, Bridget A. McFadden, Meaghan M. Rabideau, Sean P. Conway, Chris E. Ordway, Marissa Bello, Morgan L. Hofacker, Nick S. Mackowski, Anthony J. Poyssick, Eddie Capone, Robert M. Monaco, Maren S. Fragala, Shawn M. Arent P26 Effects of a ketogenic diet with exercise on serum markers of bone metabolism, IGF-1 and femoral bone mass in rats Petey W. Mumford, A. Maleah Holland, Wesley C. Kephart, Ryan P. Lowery, C. Brooks Mobley, Romil K. Patel, Annie Newton, Darren T. Beck, Michael D. Roberts, Jacob M. Wilson, Kaelin C. Young P27 Casein supplementation in trained men and women: morning versus evening Tobin Silver, Anya Ellerbroek, Richard Buehn, Leo Vargas, Armando Tamayo, Corey Peacock, Jose Antonio P28 A high protein diet has no harmful effects: a one-year crossover study in resistance-trained males Anya Ellerbroek, Tobin Silver, Richard Buehn, Leo Vargas, Armando Tamayo, Corey Peacock, Jose Antonio P29 SUP (Stand-up Paddling) athletes: nutritional intake and body composition Adam Pollock, Anya Ellerbroek, Tobin Silver, Corey Peacock, Jose Antonio P30 The effects of 8 weeks of colostrum and bio-active peptide supplementation on body composition in recreational male weight lifters A. Kreutzer, P. Zavala, S. Fleming, M. Jones, J. M. Oliver, A. Jagim P31 Effects of a Popular Women’s Thermogenic Supplement During an Energy-Restricted High Protein Diet on Changes in Body Composition and Clinical Safety Markers Cody T. Haun, Petey W. Mumford, Parker N. Hyde, Ciaran M. Fairman, Wesley C. Kephart, Darren T. Beck, Jordan R. Moon, Michael D. Roberts, Kristina L. Kendall, Kaelin C. Young P32 Three days of caffeine consumption following caffeine withdrawal yields small strength increase in knee flexors Geoffrey M Hudson, Tara Hannings, Kyle Sprow, Loretta DiPietro P33 Comparison of cellular nitric oxide production from various sports nutrition ingredients Doug Kalman, Sara Perez Ojalvo, James Komorowski P34 The effects of 8 weeks of bio-active peptide supplementation on training adaptations in recreational male weight lifters P. Zavala, S. Fleming, M. Jones, J. Oliver, A. Jagim P35 Effects of MusclePharm Assault BlackTM on lower extremity spinal excitability and postactivation potentiation: A pilot study Brian Wallace, Haley Bergstrom, Kelly Wallace P36 Effects of four weeks of Ketogenic Diet alone and combined with High intensity Interval Training or Continuous-Moderate intensity on body composition, lipid profile and physical performance on healthy males Matias Monsalves-Alvarez, Sebastian Oyharçabal, Victoria Espinoza P37 Effect of branched-chain amino acid supplementation on creatine kinase, muscular performance, and perceived muscle soreness following acute eccentric exercise Trisha A. VanDusseldorp, Kurt A. Escobar, Kelly E. Johnson, Nathan Cole, Terence Moriarty, Matthew Stratton, Marvin R. Endito, Christine M. Mermier, Chad M. Kerksick P38 Effects of endurance training on markers of ribosome biogenesis in rodents fed a high fat diet Matthew A. Romero, C. Brooks Mobley, Melissa Linden, Grace Margaret-Eleanor Meers, R. Scott Rector, Michael D. Roberts P39 The effects of acute citrulline-malate on lower-body isokinetic performance in recreationally active individuals Joshua L Gills, Hocheng Lu, Kimberly Parker, Chris Dobbins, Joshua N Guillory, Braden Romer, David Szymanski, Jordan Glenn P40 The effect pre-ingested L-isoleucine and L-leucine on blood glucose responses and glycemic hormones in healthy inactive adults: Preliminary data. Daniel E. Newmire, Eric Rivas, Sarah E. Deemer, Robert Wildman, Victor Ben-Ezra P41 Does protein and source impact substrate oxidation and energy expenditure during and after moderate intensity treadmill exercise? C Kerksick, B Gieske, R Stecker, C Smith, K Witherbee P42 Effects of a pre-workout supplement on peak power and power maintenance during lower and upper body testing Michael T. Lane, M. Travis Byrd, Zachary Bell, Emily Frith, Lauren M.C. Lane P43 Effects of a pre-workout supplement on peak power production during lower and upper body testing in college-age females Michael T. Lane, M. Travis Byrd, Zachary Bell, Emily Frith, Lauren M.C. Lane P44 A comparison of whey versus casein protein supplementation on resting metabolic rate and body composition: a pilot study Corey A. Peacock, Tobin A. Silver, Megan Colas, Mauricio Mena, Winter Rodriguez, Gabriel J. Sanders, Jose Antonio P45 A novel mixed-tocotrienol intervention enhances recovery after eccentric exercise: preliminary findings Andrea Vansickle, Brittany DiFiore, Stephanie Stepp, Grant Slack, Bridget Smith, Kayla Ruffner, Ronald Mendel, Lonnie Lowery P46 The effects of post-exercise ingestion of a high molecular weight glucose on cycle performance in female cyclists Katie R. Hirsch, Meredith G. Mock, Malia M.N. Blue, Eric T. Trexler, Erica J. Roelofs, Abbie E. Smith-Ryan P47 Inclusive vs. exclusive dieting and the effects on body composition in resistance trained individuals Laurin Conlin, Danielle Aguilar, Bill I. Campbell, Layne Norton, Katie Coles, Eric T. Trexler, Nic Martinez P48 A whey protein hydrolysate may positively augment resting metabolism compared to intact whey protein Jordan M. Joy, Roxanne M. Vogel, Thomas H. Hoover, K. Shane Broughton P49 Seven days of high and low dose creatine nitrate supplementation I: hepatorenal, glucose and muscle enzyme function R Dalton, R Sowinski, T Grubic, PB Collins, A Colletta, A Reyes, B Sanchez, M Kozehchain, YP Jung, C Rasmussen, P Murano, CP Earnest, M Greenwood, RB Kreider P50 Seven days of high and low dose creatine nitrate supplementation II: performance T Grubic, R Dalton, R Sowinski, PB Collins, A Colletta, A Reyes, B Sanchez, M Kozehchain, YP Jung, C Rasmussen, P Murano, CP Earnest, M Greenwood, RB Kreider P51 Seven days of high and low dose creatine nitrate supplementation III: hemodynamics R Sowinski, R Dalton, T Grubic, PB Collins, A Colletta, A Reyes, B Sanchez, M Kozehchain, YP Jung, C Rasmussen, P Murano, CP Earnest, M Greenwood, RB Kreider P52 The efficacy of a β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate supplementation on physical capacity, body composition and biochemical markers in highly-trained combat sports athletes Krzysztof Durkalec-Michalski, Jan Jeszka, Tomasz Podgórski P53 Does protein and source impact substrate oxidation and energy expenditure during and after moderate intensity treadmill exercise? C Kerksick, B Gieske, R Stecker, C Smith, K Witherbee P54 Effects of 30 days of Cleanse™ supplementation on measure of body composition, waist circumference, and markers of gastrointestinal distress in females Stacie Urbina, Emily Santos, Katelyn Villa, Alyssa Olivencia, Haley Bennett, Marissa Lara, Cliffa Foster, Colin Wilborn, Lem Taylor P55 The effects of moderate- versus high-load training on body composition, muscle growth, and performance in college aged females Jason M Cholewa, Amy Hewins, Samantha Gallo, Ashley Micensky, Christian De Angelis, Christopher Carney, Bill Campbell, Laurin Conlin, Layne Norton, Fabricio Rossi P56 Effect of a multi-ingredient preworkout supplement on cognitive function and perceptions of readiness to perform MS Koozehchian, PB Collins, R Sowinski, T Grubic, R Dalton, A O’Connor, SY Shin, Y Peter Jung, BK Sanchez, A Coletta, M Cho, A Reyes, C Rasmussen, CP Earnest, PS Murano, M Greenwood, RB Kreider
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Kephart WC, Mumford PW, McCloskey AE, Holland AM, Shake JJ, Mobley CB, Jagodinsky AE, Weimar WH, Oliver GD, Young KC, Moon JR, Roberts MD. Post-exercise branched chain amino acid supplementation does not affect recovery markers following three consecutive high intensity resistance training bouts compared to carbohydrate supplementation. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2016; 13:30. [PMID: 27468258 PMCID: PMC4962429 DOI: 10.1186/s12970-016-0142-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amino acid supplementation has been shown to potentially reduced exercise-induced muscle soreness. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine if branched chain amino acid and carbohydrate (BCAACHO) versus carbohydrate-only sports drink (CHO) supplementation attenuated markers of muscle damage while preserving performance markers following 3 days of intense weight training. METHODS Healthy resistance-trained males (n = 30) performed preliminary testing (T1) whereby they: 1) donated a baseline blood draw, 2) performed knee extensor dynamometry to obtain peak quadriceps isometric and isokinetic torque as well as electromyography (EMG) activity at 60°/s and 120°/s, and 3) performed a one repetition maximum (1RM) barbell back squat. The following week participants performed 10 sets x 5 repetitions at 80 % of their 1RM barbell back squat for 3 consecutive days and 48 h following the third lifting bout participants returned for (T2) testing whereby they repeated the T1 battery. Immediately following and 24 h after the three lifting bouts, participants were randomly assigned to consume one of two commercial products in 600 mL of tap water: 1) BCAAs and CHO (3 g/d L-leucine, 1 g/d L-isoleucine and 2 g/d L-valine with 2 g of CHO; n = 15), or 2) 42 g of CHO only (n = 15). Additionally, venous blood was drawn 24 h following the first and second lifting bouts and 48 h following the third bout to assess serum myoglobin concentrations, and a visual analog scale was utilized prior, during, and after the 3-d protocol to measure subjective perceptions of muscular soreness. RESULTS There were similar decrements in 1RM squat strength and isokinetic peak torque measures in the BCAA-CHO and CHO groups. Serum myoglobin concentrations (p = 0.027) and perceived muscle soreness (p < 0.001) increased over the intervention regardless of supplementation. A group*time interaction was observed for monocyte percentages (p = 0.01) whereby BCAA-CHO supplementation attenuated increases in this variable over the duration of the protocol compared to CHO supplementation. CONCLUSION BCAA-CHO supplementation did not reduce decrements in lower body strength or improve select markers of muscle damage/soreness compared to CHO supplementation over three consecutive days of intense lower-body training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesley C Kephart
- School of Kinesiology, Molecular and Applied Sciences Laboratory, Auburn University, 301 Wire Road, Office 286, Auburn, AL 36849 USA
| | - Petey W Mumford
- School of Kinesiology, Molecular and Applied Sciences Laboratory, Auburn University, 301 Wire Road, Office 286, Auburn, AL 36849 USA
| | - Anna E McCloskey
- School of Kinesiology, Molecular and Applied Sciences Laboratory, Auburn University, 301 Wire Road, Office 286, Auburn, AL 36849 USA
| | - A Maleah Holland
- School of Kinesiology, Molecular and Applied Sciences Laboratory, Auburn University, 301 Wire Road, Office 286, Auburn, AL 36849 USA
| | - Joshua J Shake
- School of Kinesiology, Molecular and Applied Sciences Laboratory, Auburn University, 301 Wire Road, Office 286, Auburn, AL 36849 USA
| | - C Brooks Mobley
- School of Kinesiology, Molecular and Applied Sciences Laboratory, Auburn University, 301 Wire Road, Office 286, Auburn, AL 36849 USA
| | - Adam E Jagodinsky
- School of Kinesiology, Molecular and Applied Sciences Laboratory, Auburn University, 301 Wire Road, Office 286, Auburn, AL 36849 USA
| | - Wendi H Weimar
- School of Kinesiology, Molecular and Applied Sciences Laboratory, Auburn University, 301 Wire Road, Office 286, Auburn, AL 36849 USA
| | - Gretchen D Oliver
- School of Kinesiology, Molecular and Applied Sciences Laboratory, Auburn University, 301 Wire Road, Office 286, Auburn, AL 36849 USA
| | - Kaelin C Young
- School of Kinesiology, Molecular and Applied Sciences Laboratory, Auburn University, 301 Wire Road, Office 286, Auburn, AL 36849 USA ; Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine - Auburn Campus, Auburn, AL USA
| | - Jordan R Moon
- American Public University System, School of Health Sciences, Charles Town, WV USA
| | - Michael D Roberts
- School of Kinesiology, Molecular and Applied Sciences Laboratory, Auburn University, 301 Wire Road, Office 286, Auburn, AL 36849 USA ; Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine - Auburn Campus, Auburn, AL USA
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Joy JM, Vogel RM, Moon JR, Falcone PH, Mosman MM, Pietrzkowski Z, Reyes T, Kim MP. Ancient peat and apple extracts supplementation may improve strength and power adaptations in resistance trained men. BMC Complement Altern Med 2016; 16:224. [PMID: 27430755 PMCID: PMC4950767 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1222-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Increased cellular ATP levels have the potential to enhance athletic performance. A proprietary blend of ancient peat and apple extracts has been supposed to increase ATP production. Therefore, the purpose of this investigation was to determine the effects of this supplement on athletic performance when used during 12 weeks of supervised, periodized resistance training. Methods Twenty-five healthy, resistance-trained, male subjects completed this study. Subjects supplemented once daily with either 1 serving (150 mg) of a proprietary blend of ancient peat and apple extract (TRT) or an equal-volume, visually-identical placebo (PLA) daily. Supervised resistance training consisted of 8 weeks of daily undulating periodized training followed by a 2 week overreach and a 2 week taper phase. Strength was determined using 1-repetition-maximum (1RM) testing in the barbell back squat, bench press (BP), and deadlift exercises. Peak power and peak velocity were determined during BP at 30 % 1RM and vertical jump tests as well as a 30s Wingate test, which also provided relative power (watt:mass) Results A group x time interaction was present for squat 1RM, deadlift 1RM, and vertical jump peak power and peak velocity. Squat and deadlift 1RM increased in TRT versus PLA from pre to post. Vertical jump peak velocity increased in TRT versus PLA from pre to week 10 as did vertical jump peak power, which also increased from pre to post. Wingate peak power and watt:mass tended to favor TRT. Conclusions Supplementing with ancient peat and apple extract while participating in periodized resistance training may enhance performance adaptations. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov registration ID: NCT02819219, retrospectively registered on 6/29/2016
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Joy JM, Vogel RM, Moon JR, Falcone PH, Mosman MM, Kim MP. Twelve weeks supplementation with an extended-release caffeine and ATP-enhancing supplement may improve body composition without affecting hematology in resistance-trained men. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2016; 13:25. [PMID: 27293386 PMCID: PMC4901467 DOI: 10.1186/s12970-016-0136-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Increased ATP levels may enhance training-induced muscle accretion and fat loss, and caffeine is a known ergogenic aid. A novel supplement containing ancient peat and apple extracts has reported enhanced mitochondrial ATP production and it has been coupled with an extended-release caffeine. Therefore, the purpose of this investigation was to determine the effects of this supplement on body composition when used in conjunction with 12 weeks of resistance training. Methods Twenty-one resistance-trained subjects (27.2 ± 5.6y; 173.5 ± 5.7 cm; 82.8 ± 12.0 kg) completed this study. Subjects supplemented daily with either 1 serving of the supplement (TRT), which consisted of 150 mg ancient peat and apple extracts, 180 mg blend of caffeine anhydrous and pterostilbene-bound caffeine, and 38 mg B vitamins, or an equal-volume, visually-identical placebo (PLA) 45 min prior to training or at the same time of day on rest days. Supervised resistance training consisted of 8 weeks of daily undulating periodized training followed by a 2-week overreach and a 2-week taper phase. Body composition was assessed using DEXA and ultrasound at weeks 0, 4, 8, 10, and 12. Vital signs and blood markers were assessed at weeks 0, 8, and 12. Results Significant group x time (p < 0.05) interactions were present for cross-sectional area of the rectus femoris, which increased in TRT (+1.07 cm2) versus PLA (−0.08 cm2), as well as muscle thickness (TRT: +0.49 cm; PLA: +0.04 cm). A significant group x time (p < 0.05) interaction existed for creatinine (TRT: +0.00 mg/dL; PLA: +0.15 mg/dL) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (TRT: −0.70 mL/min/1.73; PLA: −14.6 mL/min/1.73), which remained within clinical ranges, but no other significant observations were observed. Conclusions Supplementation with a combination of extended-release caffeine and ancient peat and apple extracts may enhance resistance training-induced skeletal muscle hypertrophy without adversely affecting blood chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan M Joy
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Texas Woman's University, 401 AME Drive #7101, Denton, TX 76207 USA
| | - Roxanne M Vogel
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Texas Woman's University, 401 AME Drive #7101, Denton, TX 76207 USA
| | - Jordan R Moon
- American Public University System, School of Health Sciences, Charles Town, WV USA
| | - Paul H Falcone
- MusclePharm Sports Science Institute, MusclePharm Corp., Denver, CO USA
| | | | - Michael P Kim
- MusclePharm Sports Science Institute, MusclePharm Corp., Denver, CO USA
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Moon JR, Moon SE, Smith-Ryan AE, Fukuda DH, Kendall KL, Lockwood CM, Cramer JT, Stout JR. The Effects Of Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry-Derived Body Volumes On Percent Body Fat. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2016. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000488016.66226.b8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Fukuda DH, Stout JR, Moon JR, Smith-Ryan AE, Kendall KL, Hoffman JR. Effects of resistance training on classic and specific bioelectrical impedance vector analysis in elderly women. Exp Gerontol 2016; 74:9-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2015.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2015] [Revised: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Falcone PH, Tai CY, Carson LR, Joy JM, Mosman MM, McCann TR, Crona KP, Kim MP, Moon JR. Caloric expenditure of aerobic, resistance, or combined high-intensity interval training using a hydraulic resistance system in healthy men. J Strength Cond Res 2016; 29:779-85. [PMID: 25162652 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000000661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Although exercise regimens vary in content and duration, few studies have compared the caloric expenditure of multiple exercise modalities with the same duration. The purpose of this study was to compare the energy expenditure of single sessions of resistance, aerobic, and combined exercise with the same duration. Nine recreationally active men (age: 25 ± 7 years; height: 181.6 ± 7.6 cm; weight: 86.6 ± 7.5 kg) performed the following 4 exercises for 30 minutes: a resistance training session using 75% of their 1-repetition maximum (1RM), an endurance cycling session at 70% maximum heart rate (HRmax), an endurance treadmill session at 70% HRmax, and a high-intensity interval training (HIIT) session on a hydraulic resistance system (HRS) that included repeating intervals of 20 seconds at maximum effort followed by 40 seconds of rest. Total caloric expenditure, substrate use, heart rate (HR), and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were recorded. Caloric expenditure was significantly (p ≤ 0.05) greater when exercising with the HRS (12.62 ± 2.36 kcal·min), compared with when exercising with weights (8.83 ± 1.55 kcal·min), treadmill (9.48 ± 1.30 kcal·min), and cycling (9.23 ± 1.25 kcal·min). The average HR was significantly (p ≤ 0.05) greater with the HRS (156 ± 9 b·min), compared with that using weights (138 ± 16 b·min), treadmill (137 ± 5 b·min), and cycle (138 ± 6 b·min). Similarly, the average RPE was significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher with the HRS (16 ± 2), compared with that using weights (13 ± 2), treadmill (10 ± 2), and cycle (11 ± 1). These data suggest that individuals can burn more calories performing an HIIT session with an HRS than spending the same amount of time performing a steady-state exercise session. This form of exercise intervention may be beneficial to individuals who want to gain the benefits of both resistance and cardiovascular training but have limited time to dedicate to exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul H Falcone
- 1MusclePharm Sports Science Institute, Denver, Colorado; 2University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado; 3University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado; and 4Department of Sports Exercise Science, United States Sports Academy, Daphne, Alabama
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Joy JM, Falcone PH, Vogel RM, Mosman MM, Kim MP, Moon JR. Erratum: Supplementation with a proprietary blend of ancient peat and apple extract may improve body composition without affecting hematology in resistance-trained men. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2016; 41:115. [DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2015-0656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jordan M. Joy
- MusclePharm Sports Science Institute, MusclePharm Corp., Denver, CO 80239, USA
| | - Paul H. Falcone
- MusclePharm Sports Science Institute, MusclePharm Corp., Denver, CO 80239, USA
| | - Roxanne M. Vogel
- MusclePharm Sports Science Institute, MusclePharm Corp., Denver, CO 80239, USA
| | - Matt M. Mosman
- MusclePharm Sports Science Institute, MusclePharm Corp., Denver, CO 80239, USA
| | - Michael P. Kim
- MusclePharm Sports Science Institute, MusclePharm Corp., Denver, CO 80239, USA
| | - Jordan R. Moon
- MusclePharm Sports Science Institute, MusclePharm Corp., Denver, CO 80239, USA
- Department of Sports Exercise Science, US Sports Academy, Daphne, AL 36526, USA
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Mobley CB, Fox CD, Thompson RM, Healy JC, Santucci V, Kephart WC, McCloskey AE, Kim M, Pascoe DD, Martin JS, Moon JR, Young KC, Roberts MD. Comparative effects of whey protein versus L-leucine on skeletal muscle protein synthesis and markers of ribosome biogenesis following resistance exercise. Amino Acids 2015; 48:733-750. [PMID: 26507545 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-015-2121-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We compared immediate post-exercise whey protein (WP, 500 mg) versus L-leucine (LEU, 54 mg) feedings on skeletal muscle protein synthesis (MPS) mechanisms and ribosome biogenesis markers 3 h following unilateral plantarflexor resistance exercise in male, Wistar rats (~250 g). Additionally, in vitro experiments were performed on differentiated C2C12 myotubes to compare nutrient (i.e., WP, LEU) and 'exercise-like' treatments (i.e., caffeine, hydrogen peroxide, and AICAR) on ribosome biogenesis markers. LEU and WP significantly increased phosphorylated-rpS6 (Ser235/236) in the exercised (EX) leg 2.4-fold (P < 0.01) and 2.7-fold (P < 0.001) compared to the non-EX leg, respectively, whereas vehicle-fed control (CTL) did not (+65 %, P > 0.05). Compared to the non-EX leg, MPS levels increased 32 % and 52 % in the EX leg of CTL (P < 0.01) and WP rats (P < 0.001), respectively, but not in LEU rats (+15 %, P > 0.05). Several genes associated with ribosome biogenesis robustly increased in the EX versus non-EX legs of all treatments; specifically, c-Myc mRNA, Nop56 mRNA, Bop1 mRNA, Ncl mRNA, Npm1 mRNA, Fb1 mRNA, and Xpo-5 mRNA. However, only LEU significantly increased 45S pre-rRNA levels in the EX leg (63 %, P < 0.001). In vitro findings confirmed that 'exercise-like' treatments similarly altered markers of ribosome biogenesis, but only LEU increased 47S pre-rRNA levels (P < 0.01). Collectively, our data suggests that resistance exercise, as well as 'exercise-like' signals in vitro, acutely increase the expression of genes associated with ribosome biogenesis independent of nutrient provision. Moreover, while EX with or without WP appears superior for enhancing translational efficiency (i.e., increasing MPS per unit of RNA), LEU administration (or co-administration) may further enhance ribosome biogenesis over prolonged periods with resistance exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Brooks Mobley
- Molecular and Applied Sciences Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, 301 Wire Road, Office 286, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Carlton D Fox
- Molecular and Applied Sciences Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, 301 Wire Road, Office 286, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Richard M Thompson
- Molecular and Applied Sciences Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, 301 Wire Road, Office 286, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - James C Healy
- Molecular and Applied Sciences Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, 301 Wire Road, Office 286, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Vincent Santucci
- Molecular and Applied Sciences Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, 301 Wire Road, Office 286, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Wesley C Kephart
- Molecular and Applied Sciences Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, 301 Wire Road, Office 286, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Anna E McCloskey
- Molecular and Applied Sciences Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, 301 Wire Road, Office 286, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Mike Kim
- MusclePharm Sports Science Institute, Denver, CO, USA
| | - David D Pascoe
- Molecular and Applied Sciences Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, 301 Wire Road, Office 286, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA.,Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine-Auburn Campus, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Martin
- Molecular and Applied Sciences Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, 301 Wire Road, Office 286, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA.,Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine-Auburn Campus, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Jordan R Moon
- MusclePharm Sports Science Institute, Denver, CO, USA
| | | | - Michael D Roberts
- Molecular and Applied Sciences Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, 301 Wire Road, Office 286, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA. .,Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine-Auburn Campus, Auburn, AL, USA.
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Kephart WC, Wachs TD, Thompson RM, Mobley CB, Fox CD, McDonald JR, Ferguson BS, Young KC, Nie B, Martin JS, Company JM, Pascoe DD, Arnold RD, Moon JR, Roberts MD. Ten weeks of branched chain amino acid supplementation improves select performance and immunological variables in trained cyclists. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2015. [PMCID: PMC4595557 DOI: 10.1186/1550-2783-12-s1-p20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Falcone PH, Joy JM, Vogel RM, Mosman MM, Tribby AC, Hughes CM, Griffin JD, Tabor SB, LeFever DJ, McCaughey SB, Kim MP, Moon JR. Acute hemodynamic effects of L-arginine, arginine nitrate, and arginine peptide on exercise-induced vasodilation and blood flow in healthy men. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2015. [PMCID: PMC4595555 DOI: 10.1186/1550-2783-12-s1-p10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
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Mumford P, Kephart WC, McCloskey AE, Holland AM, Shake JJ, Mobley CB, Young KC, Moon JR, Roberts MD. Effects of sub-chronic branched chain amino acid supplementation on markers of muscle damage and performance variables following 1 week of rigorous weight training. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2015. [PMCID: PMC4595234 DOI: 10.1186/1550-2783-12-s1-p29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Vogel RM, Joy JM, Falcone PH, Mosman MM, Tribby AC, Hughes CM, Griffin JD, Tabor SB, LeFever DJ, McCaughey SB, Kim MP, Moon JR. Acute hemodynamic effects of a multi-ingredient performance supplement on brachial artery vasodilation and blood flow volume following elbow flexion exercise in healthy young men. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2015. [PMCID: PMC4595563 DOI: 10.1186/1550-2783-12-s1-p28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
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Moon JR, Vogel RM, Falcone PH, Mosman MM, Tribby AC, Hughes CM, Griffin JD, Tabor SB, LeFever DJ, McChaughey SB, Kim MP, Joy JM. A comparison of citrulline and arginine for increasing exercise-induced vasodilation and blood flow. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2015. [PMCID: PMC4595542 DOI: 10.1186/1550-2783-12-s1-p6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jordan R Moon
- MusclePharm Sports Science Institute Denver CO USA
- Department of Sports Exercise ScienceUnited States Sports Academy Daphne AL USA
| | - Roxanne M Vogel
- MusclePharm Sports Science Institute Denver CO USA
- Department of Human PerformanceConcordia University Chicago River Forest IL USA
| | | | | | | | - Chad M Hughes
- Department of Movement ScienceGrand Valley State University Allendale MI USA
| | | | - Schyler B Tabor
- The Hospitality CollegeJohnson and Wales University Denver CO USA
| | - Dylan J LeFever
- Department of Human Performance and SportMetropolitan State University Denver CO USA
| | - Stephen B McChaughey
- Department of Human Performance and SportMetropolitan State University Denver CO USA
| | - Michael P Kim
- Department of Human Performance and SportMetropolitan State University Denver CO USA
| | - Jordan M Joy
- MusclePharm Sports Science Institute Denver CO USA
- Department of Human PerformanceConcordia University Chicago River Forest IL USA
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Joy JM, Vogel RM, Falcone PH, Mosman MM, Tribby AC, Hughes CM, Griffin JD, Tabor SB, LeFever DJ, McChaughey SB, Kim MP, Moon JR. A comparison of raw citrulline and citrulline peptide for increasing exercise-induced vasodilation and blood flow. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2015. [PMCID: PMC4595558 DOI: 10.1186/1550-2783-12-s1-p18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jordan M Joy
- MusclePharm Sports Science Institute Denver CO USA
- Department of Human PerformanceConcordia University Chicago River Forest IL USA
| | - Roxanne M Vogel
- MusclePharm Sports Science Institute Denver CO USA
- Department of Human PerformanceConcordia University Chicago River Forest IL USA
| | | | | | | | - Chad M Hughes
- Department of Movement ScienceGrand Valley State University Allendale MI USA
| | | | - Schyler B Tabor
- The Hospitality CollegeJohnson and Wales University Denver CO USA
| | - Dylan J LeFever
- Department of Human Performance and SportMetropolitan State University Denver CO USA
| | - Stephen B McChaughey
- Department of Human Performance and SportMetropolitan State University Denver CO USA
| | | | - Jordan R Moon
- MusclePharm Sports Science Institute Denver CO USA
- Department of Sports Exercise ScienceUnited States Sports Academy Daphne AL USA
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Gonzalez AM, Hoffman JR, Jajtner AR, Townsend JR, Boone CH, Beyer KS, Baker KM, Wells AJ, Church DD, Mangine GT, Oliveira LP, Moon JR, Fukuda DH, Stout JR. Protein supplementation does not alter intramuscular anabolic signaling or endocrine response after resistance exercise in trained men. Nutr Res 2015; 35:990-1000. [PMID: 26428621 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2015.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Revised: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The mammalian/mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling pathway appears to be the primary regulator of muscle protein synthesis. A variety of stimuli including resistance exercise, amino acids, and hormonal signals activate mTORC1 signaling. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a protein supplement on mTORC1 signaling following a resistance exercise protocol designed to promote elevations in circulating hormone concentrations. We hypothesized that the protein supplement would augment the intramuscular anabolic signaling response. Ten resistance-trained men (age, 24.7 ± 3.4 years; weight, 90.1 ± 11.3 kg; height, 176.0 ± 4.9 cm) received either a placebo or a supplement containing 20 g protein, 6 g carbohydrates, and 1 g fat after high-volume, short-rest lower-body resistance exercise. Blood samples were obtained at baseline, immediately, 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hours, and 5 hours after exercise. Fine-needle muscle biopsies were completed at baseline, 1 hour, and 5 hours after exercise. Myoglobin, lactate dehydrogenase, and lactate concentrations were significantly elevated after resistance exercise (P < .0001); however, no differences were observed between trials. Resistance exercise also elicited a significant insulin, growth hormone, and cortisol response (P < .01); however, no differences were observed between trials for insulin-like growth factor-1, insulin, testosterone, growth hormone, or cortisol. Intramuscular anabolic signaling analysis revealed significant elevations in RPS6 phosphorylation after resistance exercise (P = .001); however, no differences were observed between trials for signaling proteins including Akt, mTOR, p70S6k, and RPS6. The endocrine response and phosphorylation status of signaling proteins within the mTORC1 pathway did not appear to be altered by ingestion of supplement after resistance exercise in resistance-trained men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam M Gonzalez
- Department of Health Professions, Hofstra University, Hempstead, NY, USA
| | - Jay R Hoffman
- Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, Sport and Exercise Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA.
| | - Adam R Jajtner
- Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, Sport and Exercise Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Jeremy R Townsend
- Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, Sport and Exercise Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Carleigh H Boone
- Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, Sport and Exercise Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Kyle S Beyer
- Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, Sport and Exercise Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Kayla M Baker
- Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, Sport and Exercise Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Adam J Wells
- Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, Sport and Exercise Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - David D Church
- Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, Sport and Exercise Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Gerald T Mangine
- Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, Sport and Exercise Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Leonardo P Oliveira
- Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, Sport and Exercise Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Jordan R Moon
- Sports Science Institute, MusclePharm, Corp, Denver, CO, USA
| | - David H Fukuda
- Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, Sport and Exercise Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Stout
- Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, Sport and Exercise Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
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Esco MR, Snarr RL, Leatherwood MD, Chamberlain NA, Redding ML, Flatt AA, Moon JR, Williford HN. Comparison of total and segmental body composition using DXA and multifrequency bioimpedance in collegiate female athletes. J Strength Cond Res 2015; 29:918-25. [PMID: 25353076 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000000732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this investigation was to determine the agreement between multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) for measuring body fat percentage (BF%), fat-free mass (FFM), and total body and segmental lean soft tissue (LST) in collegiate female athletes. Forty-five female athletes (age = 21.2 ± 2.0 years, height = 166.1 ± 7.1 cm, weight = 62.6 ± 9.9 kg) participated in this study. Variables measured through BIA and DXA were as follows: BF%, FFM, and LST of the arms (ARMS(LST)), the legs (LEGS(LST)), the trunk (TRUNK(LST)), and the total body (TOTAL(LST)). Compared with the DXA, the InBody 720 provided significantly lower values for BF% (-3.3%, p < 0.001) and significantly higher values for FFM (2.1 kg, p < 0.001) with limits of agreement (1.96 SD of the mean difference) of ±5.6% for BF% and ±3.7 kg for FFM. No significant differences (p < 0.008) existed between the 2 devices (InBody 720-DXA) for ARMS(LST) (0.05 kg), TRUNK(LST) (0.14 kg), LEGS(LST) (-0.4 kg), and TOTAL(LST) (-0.21 kg). The limits of agreement were ±0.79 kg for ARMS(LST), ±2.62 kg for LEGS(LST), ±3.18 kg for TRUNK(LST), and ±4.23 kg for TOTAL(LST). This study found discrepancies in BF% and FFM between the 2 devices. However, the InBody 720 and DXA appeared to provide excellent agreement for measuring total body and segmental LST. Therefore, the InBody 720 may be a rapid noninvasive method to assess LST in female athletes when DXA is not available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Esco
- 1Department of Kinesiology, Human Performance Laboratory, Auburn University at Montgomery, Montgomery, Alabama; 2Department of Kinesiology, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama; and 3MusclePharm Sports Science Institute, Muscle Pharm Corp., Denver, Colorado
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Joy JM, Falcone PH, Vogel RM, Mosman MM, Kim MP, Moon JR. Supplementation with a proprietary blend of ancient peat and apple extract may improve body composition without affecting hematology in resistance-trained men. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2015; 40:1171-7. [PMID: 26489051 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2015-0241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine-5'-triphosphate (ATP) is primarily known as a cellular source of energy. Increased ATP levels may have the potential to enhance body composition. A novel, proprietary blend of ancient peat and apple extracts has been reported to increase ATP levels, potentially by enhancing mitochondrial ATP production. Therefore, the purpose of this investigation was to determine the supplement's effects on body composition when consumed during 12 weeks of resistance training. Twenty-five healthy, resistance-trained, male subjects (age, 27.7 ± 4.8 years; height, 176.0 ± 6.5 cm; body mass, 83.2 ± 12.1 kg) completed this study. Subjects supplemented once daily with either 1 serving (150 mg) of a proprietary blend of ancient peat and apple extracts (TRT) or placebo (PLA). Supervised resistance training consisted of 8 weeks of daily undulating periodized training followed by a 2-week overreach and a 2-week taper phase. Body composition was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and ultrasound at weeks 0, 4, 8, 10, and 12. Vital signs and blood markers were assessed at weeks 0, 8, and 12. Significant group × time (p < 0.05) interactions were present for ultrasound-determined cross-sectional area, which increased in TRT (+0.91 cm(2)) versus PLA (-0.08 cm(2)), as well as muscle thickness (TRT: +0.46; PLA: +0.04 cm). A significant group × time (p < 0.05) interaction existed for creatinine (TRT: +0.06; PLA: +0.15 mg/dL), triglycerides (TRT: +24.1; PLA: -20.2 mg/dL), and very-low-density lipoprotein (TRT: +4.9; PLA: -3.9 mg/dL), which remained within clinical ranges. Supplementation with a proprietary blend of ancient peat and apple extracts may enhance resistance training-induced skeletal muscle hypertrophy without affecting fat mass or blood chemistry in healthy males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan M Joy
- a MusclePharm Sports Science Institute, MusclePharm Corp., Denver, CO 80239, USA
| | - Paul H Falcone
- a MusclePharm Sports Science Institute, MusclePharm Corp., Denver, CO 80239, USA
| | - Roxanne M Vogel
- a MusclePharm Sports Science Institute, MusclePharm Corp., Denver, CO 80239, USA
| | - Matt M Mosman
- a MusclePharm Sports Science Institute, MusclePharm Corp., Denver, CO 80239, USA
| | - Michael P Kim
- a MusclePharm Sports Science Institute, MusclePharm Corp., Denver, CO 80239, USA
| | - Jordan R Moon
- a MusclePharm Sports Science Institute, MusclePharm Corp., Denver, CO 80239, USA.,b Department of Sports Exercise Science, US Sports Academy, Daphne, AL 36526, USA
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Vogel RM, Joy JM, Falcone PH, Mosman MM, Kim MP, Moon JR. Consuming a multi-ingredient thermogenic supplement for 28 days is apparently safe in healthy adults. Food Nutr Res 2015. [PMID: 26205229 PMCID: PMC4513183 DOI: 10.3402/fnr.v59.27999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Thermogenic (TRM) supplements are often used by people seeking to decrease body weight. Many TRM supplements are formulated with multiple ingredients purported to increase energy expenditure and maximize fat loss. However, in the past some TRM ingredients have been deemed unsafe and removed from the market. Therefore, it is important to verify the safety of multi-ingredient TRM supplements with chronic consumption. Objective To assess the safety of daily consumption of a multi-ingredient TRM supplement over a 28-day period in healthy adults. Design Twenty-three recreationally active adults (11M, 12F; 27.1±5.4 years, 171.6±9.6 cm, 76.8±16.1 kg, 26±5 BMI) were randomly assigned either to consume a multi-ingredient TRM supplement (SUP; n=9) or remain unsupplemented (CRL; n=14) for 28 days. Participants maintained their habitual dietary and exercise routines for the duration of the study. Fasting blood samples, resting blood pressure, and heart rate were taken before and after the supplementation period. Samples were analyzed for complete blood counts, comprehensive metabolic, and lipid panels. Results Significant (p<0.05) group by time interactions were present for diastolic BP, creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), chloride, CO2, globulin, albumin:globulin (A/G), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Dependent t-tests conducted on significant variables revealed significant (p<0.05) within-group differences in SUP for diastolic BP (+6.2±5.3 mmHG), creatinine (+0.09±0.05 mg/dL), eGFR (−11.2±5.8 mL/min/1.73), globulin (−0.29±0.24 g/dL), A/G (+0.27±0.23), and HDL (−5.0±5.5 mg/dL), and in CRL for CO2 (−1.9±1.5 mmol/L) between time points. Each variable remained within the accepted physiological range. Conclusion Results of the present study support the clinical safety of a multi-ingredient TRM containing caffeine, green tea extract, and cayenne powder. Although there were statistically significant (p<0.05) intragroup differences in SUP from pre- to postsupplementation for diastolic BP, creatinine, eGFR, globulin, A/G, and HDL, all remained within accepted physiological ranges and were not clinically significant. In sum, it appears as though daily supplementation with a multi-ingredient TRM is safe for consumption by healthy adults for a 28-day period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxanne M Vogel
- MusclePharm Sports Science Institute, Denver, CO, USA.,Department of Human Performance, Concordia University Chicago, River Forest, IL, USA
| | - Jordan M Joy
- MusclePharm Sports Science Institute, Denver, CO, USA.,Department of Human Performance, Concordia University Chicago, River Forest, IL, USA
| | | | - Matt M Mosman
- MusclePharm Sports Science Institute, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Michael P Kim
- MusclePharm Sports Science Institute, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Jordan R Moon
- MusclePharm Sports Science Institute, Denver, CO, USA.,Department of Sports Exercise Science, United States Sports Academy, Daphne, AL, USA;
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Joy JM, Lowery RP, Falcone PH, Vogel RM, Mosman MM, Tai CY, Carson LR, Kimber D, Choate D, Kim MP, Wilson JM, Moon JR. A multi-ingredient, pre-workout supplement is apparently safe in healthy males and females. Food Nutr Res 2015; 59:27470. [PMID: 26085481 PMCID: PMC4471216 DOI: 10.3402/fnr.v59.27470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Revised: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pre-workout supplements (PWS) have become increasingly popular with recreational and competitive athletes. While many ingredients used in PWS have had their safety assessed, the interactions when combined are less understood. Objective The purpose of this study was to examine the safety of 1 and 2 servings of a PWS. Design Forty-four males and females (24.4±4.6 years; 174.7±9.3 cm; 78.9±18.6 kg) from two laboratories participated in this study. Subjects were randomly assigned to consume either one serving (G1; n=14) or two servings (G2; n=18) of PWS or serve as an unsupplemented control (CRL; n=12). Blood draws for safety panels were conducted by a trained phlebotomist before and after the supplementation period. Results Pooled data from both laboratories revealed significant group×time interactions (p<0.05) for mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH; CRL: 30.9±0.8–31.0±0.9 pg; G1: 30.7±1.1–30.2±0.7 pg; G2: 30.9±1.2–30.9±1.1 pg), MCH concentration (CRL: 34.0±0.9–34.4±0.7 g/dL; G1: 34.1±0.9–33.8±0.6 g/dL; G2: 34.0±1.0–33.8±0.8 g/dL), platelets (CRL: 261.9±45.7–255.2±41.2×103/µL; G1: 223.8±47.7–238.7±49.6×103/µL; G2: 239.1±28.3–230.8±34.5×103/µL), serum glucose (CRL: 84.1±5.2–83.3±5.8 mg/dL; G1: 86.5±7.9–89.7±5.6 mg/dL; G2: 87.4±7.2–89.9±6.6 mg/dL), sodium (CRL: 137.0±2.7–136.4±2.4 mmol/L; 139.6±1.4–140.0±2.2 mmol/L; G2: 139.0±2.2–138.7±1.7 mmol/L), albumin (CRL: 4.4±0.15–4.4±0.22 g/dL; G1: 4.5±0.19–4.5±0.13 g/dL; G2: 4.6±0.28–4.3±0.13 g/dL), and albumin:globulin (CRL: 1.8±0.30–1.8±0.28; G1: 1.9±0.30–2.0±0.31; G2: 1.8±0.34–1.8±0.34). Each of these variables remained within the clinical reference ranges. Conclusions The PWS appears to be safe for heart, liver, and kidney function in both one-serving and two-serving doses when consumed daily for 28 days. Despite the changes observed for select variables, no variable reached clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan M Joy
- MusclePharm Sports Science Institute, MusclePharm Corp., Denver, CO, USA
| | - Ryan P Lowery
- Health Science and Human Performance Department, University of Tampa, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Paul H Falcone
- MusclePharm Sports Science Institute, MusclePharm Corp., Denver, CO, USA
| | - Roxanne M Vogel
- MusclePharm Sports Science Institute, MusclePharm Corp., Denver, CO, USA
| | - Matt M Mosman
- MusclePharm Sports Science Institute, MusclePharm Corp., Denver, CO, USA
| | - Chih-Yin Tai
- MusclePharm Sports Science Institute, MusclePharm Corp., Denver, CO, USA
| | - Laura R Carson
- MusclePharm Sports Science Institute, MusclePharm Corp., Denver, CO, USA
| | - Dylan Kimber
- MusclePharm Sports Science Institute, MusclePharm Corp., Denver, CO, USA.,Human Performance and Sport, Metropolitan State University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA
| | - David Choate
- MusclePharm Sports Science Institute, MusclePharm Corp., Denver, CO, USA.,Human Performance and Sport, Metropolitan State University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Michael P Kim
- MusclePharm Sports Science Institute, MusclePharm Corp., Denver, CO, USA
| | - Jacob M Wilson
- Health Science and Human Performance Department, University of Tampa, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jordan R Moon
- MusclePharm Sports Science Institute, MusclePharm Corp., Denver, CO, USA.,Department of Sports Exercise Science, United States Sports Academy, Daphne, AL, USA;
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Dalbo VJ, Czerepusko JB, Tucker PS, Kingsley MI, Moon JR, Young K, Scanlan AT. Not sending the message: A low prevalence of strength-based exercise participation in rural and regional Central Queensland. Aust J Rural Health 2015; 23:295-301. [DOI: 10.1111/ajr.12207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Vincent J. Dalbo
- Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory; Central Queensland University; Rockhampton Queensland Australia
- Human Exercise and Training Laboratory; Central Queensland University; Rockhampton Queensland Australia
| | | | - Patrick S. Tucker
- Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory; Central Queensland University; Rockhampton Queensland Australia
- Human Exercise and Training Laboratory; Central Queensland University; Rockhampton Queensland Australia
| | - Michael I. Kingsley
- La Trobe Rural Health School; La Trobe University; Bendigo Victoria Australia
| | - Jordan R. Moon
- Department of Sports Fitness and Health; United States Sports Academy; Daphne Alabama USA
| | - Kaelin Young
- Human Performance Studies; Wichita State University; Wichita Kansas USA
| | - Aaron T. Scanlan
- Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory; Central Queensland University; Rockhampton Queensland Australia
- Human Exercise and Training Laboratory; Central Queensland University; Rockhampton Queensland Australia
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Moon JR, Falcone PH, Joy JM, Vogel RM, Mosman MM, Hughes CM, Griffin JD, Paulin KJ, Kim MP. Relationships Between Changes In Performance And Body Composition Variables After A Ten-week Resistance Training Intervention. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2015. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000479274.28289.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Joy JM, Falcone PH, Vogel RM, Mosman MM, Hughes CM, Griffin JD, Paulin KJ, Kim MP, Moon JR. Performance Effects of 10 Weeks Supplementation with a Purported Testosterone-Boosting Supplement. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2015. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000478858.54932.d5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Falcone PH, Joy JM, Vogel RM, Mosman MM, Hughes CM, Griffin JD, Paulin KJ, Kim MP, Moon JR. Consumption of a Testosterone-Boosting Supplement Is Safe and Lowers Estrogen and Cortisol Levels. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2015. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000477337.09149.6a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Stout JR, Fukuda DH, Kendall KL, Smith-Ryan AE, Moon JR, Hoffman JR. β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate Supplementation and Resistance Exercise Significantly Reduce Abdominal Adiposity in Healthy Elderly Men (66-78 years). Med Sci Sports Exerc 2015. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000479138.41891.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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49
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Vogel RM, Joy JM, Falcone PH, Mosman MM, Kim MP, Moon JR. The Safety of Pre-Workout Supplementation in Recreationally Active Adult Females for 28 Days. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2015. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000478813.10977.be] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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50
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Falcone PH, Tai CY, Carson LR, Joy JM, Mosman MM, Vogel RM, McCann TR, Crona KP, Griffin JD, Kim MP, Moon JR. Subcutaneous and segmental fat loss with and without supportive supplements in conjunction with a low-calorie high protein diet in healthy women. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0123854. [PMID: 25875200 PMCID: PMC4398439 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0123854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Weight loss benefits of multi-ingredient supplements in conjunction with a low-calorie, high-protein diet in young women are unknown. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a three-week low-calorie diet with and without supplementation on body composition. METHODS Thirty-seven recreationally-trained women (n = 37; age = 27.1 ± 4.2; height = 165.1 ± 6.4; weight = 68.5 ± 10.1; BMI = 25.1 ± 3.4) completed one of the following three-week interventions: no change in diet (CON); a high-protein, low-calorie diet supplemented with a thermogenic, conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), a protein gel, and a multi-vitamin (SUP); or the high-protein diet with isocaloric placebo supplements (PLA). Before and after the three-week intervention, body weight, %Fat via dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), segmental fat mass via DXA, %Fat via skinfolds, and skinfold thicknesses at seven sites were measured. RESULTS SUP and PLA significantly decreased body weight (SUP: PRE, 70.47 ± 8.01 kg to POST, 67.51 ± 8.10 kg; PLA: PRE, 67.88 ± 12.28 kg vs. POST, 66.38 ± 11.94 kg; p ≤ 0.05) with a greater (p ≤ 0.05) decrease in SUP than PLA or CON. SUP and PLA significantly decreased %Fat according to DXA (SUP: PRE, 34.98 ± 7.05% to POST, 32.99 ± 6.89%; PLA: PRE, 34.22 ± 6.36% vs. POST, 32.69 ± 5.84%; p ≤ 0.05), whereas only SUP significantly decreased %Fat according to skinfolds (SUP: PRE, 27.40 ± 4.09% to POST, 24.08 ± 4.31%; p ≤ 0.05). SUP significantly (p ≤ 0.05) decreased thicknesses at five skinfolds (chest, waist, hip, subscapular, and tricep) compared to PLA, but not at two skinfolds (axilla and thigh). CONCLUSIONS The addition of a thermogenic, CLA, protein, and a multi-vitamin to a three-week low-calorie diet improved weight loss, total fat loss and subcutaneous fat loss, compared to diet alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul H. Falcone
- MusclePharm Sports Science Institute, Denver, CO, United States of America
| | - Chih Yin Tai
- MusclePharm Sports Science Institute, Denver, CO, United States of America
| | - Laura R. Carson
- MusclePharm Sports Science Institute, Denver, CO, United States of America
| | - Jordan M. Joy
- MusclePharm Sports Science Institute, Denver, CO, United States of America
| | - Matt M. Mosman
- MusclePharm Sports Science Institute, Denver, CO, United States of America
| | - Roxanne M. Vogel
- Metropolitan State University of Denver, Denver, CO, United States of America
| | - Tyler R. McCann
- University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States of America
| | - Kevin P. Crona
- University of Colorado, Denver, CO, United States of America
| | | | - Michael P. Kim
- MusclePharm Sports Science Institute, Denver, CO, United States of America
| | - Jordan R. Moon
- MusclePharm Sports Science Institute, Denver, CO, United States of America
- Department of Sports Exercise Science, United States Sports Academy, Daphne, AL, United States of America
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