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Moura HB, Ker HG, Ramos LS, Nogueira LM, Machado JM, Dias DS, Rodrigues RAL, Paz MCD, Teixeira-Neto RG, Reis AB, Galdino AS, Silva ES. Diagnosis of Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis by Flow Cytometry Serology using the rMELEISH Multiepitope Antigen Coupled in a Functional Bead. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2024; 25:CPB-EPUB-138739. [PMID: 38409720 DOI: 10.2174/0113892010268142231226115140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a zoonotic disease, with dogs being the main reservoir of the Leishmania infantum parasite. OBJECTIVE To develop a new flow cytometry test to diagnosis canine VL (CVL) diagnosis. METHODS The current study addresses a new flow cytometry test using beads coupled to the multiepitope antigen rMELEISH. RESULTS In the study set of samples a sensitivity (87.1%) and specificity (89.9%) was observed. Considering the dogs' clinical status, 20/20 (100.0%) of the symptomatic sera tested positive, while 19/22 (86.4%) of the oligosymptomatic and 16/20 (80.0%) of asymptomatic were positive. In the non-infected control, all samples (0/30) tested as negative. In the cross-reaction control, the test was more efficient in dogs infected with L. braziliensis (2/10) and Trypanosoma cruzi (0/10), than those with Babesia canis (4/10) and Ehrlichia canis (4/10). Dogs immunized with different vaccines (Leishmune, Leish-Tec®, or LBSap) did not present serological reactivity. CONCLUSION The flow cytometry serology through coupling the antigen rMELEISH in functional beads showed high accuracy in diagnosing CVL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrique Bonifácio Moura
- Laboratório de Doenças Infecto-parasitárias, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, Divinópolis, MG, 35501- 296, Brazil
| | - Henrique Gama Ker
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas (NUPEB), Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, 35400-000, Brazil
- Laboratório Multiusuário de Citometria de Fluxo, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas (NUPEB), Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, 35400-000, Brazil
| | - Luana S Ramos
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Microrganismos, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, Divinópolis, MG, 35501-296, Brazil
| | - Lais M Nogueira
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Microrganismos, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, Divinópolis, MG, 35501-296, Brazil
| | - Juliana M Machado
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Microrganismos, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, Divinópolis, MG, 35501-296, Brazil
| | - Daniel S Dias
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Microrganismos, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, Divinópolis, MG, 35501-296, Brazil
| | - Rita Alaíde Leandro Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Doenças Infecto-parasitárias, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, Divinópolis, MG, 35501- 296, Brazil
| | - Mariana Campos da Paz
- Laboratório de Nanobiotecnologia & Bioativos, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, Divinópolis, MG, 35501-296, Brazil
| | - Rafael Gonçalves Teixeira-Neto
- Laboratório de Doenças Infecto-parasitárias, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, Divinópolis, MG, 35501- 296, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Barbosa Reis
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas (NUPEB), Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, 35400-000, Brazil
- Laboratório Multiusuário de Citometria de Fluxo, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas (NUPEB), Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, 35400-000, Brazil
| | - Alexsandro S Galdino
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Microrganismos, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, Divinópolis, MG, 35501-296, Brazil
| | - Eduardo S Silva
- Laboratório de Doenças Infecto-parasitárias, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, Divinópolis, MG, 35501- 296, Brazil
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Dos Santos M, Ferreira AVF, da Silva JO, Nogueira LM, Machado JM, Francisco MFC, da Paz MC, Giunchetti RC, Galdino AS. Patents Related to Pathogenic Human Coronaviruses. Recent Pat Biotechnol 2021; 15:12-24. [PMID: 33504319 DOI: 10.2174/1872208315666210127085404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronaviruses have caused outbreaks of respiratory disease since the beginning of the 21st century, representing a significant threat to public health. Together, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), the respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and, more recently, the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) have caused a large number of deaths around the world. Thus, investments in research and the development of strategies aimed at diagnosing, treating, and preventing these infections are urgently needed. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to analyze the patents that address pathogenic coronaviruses in Google Patents databases in the last year (2019-2020). METHODS The search strategy was carried out in April 2020, based on the keywords "SARS", "SARS-CoV", "MERS", "MERS-CoV", "SARS-CoV-2" and "COVID-19. Out of the patents examined, 25 were selected for a short description in this study. RESULTS A total of 191 patents were analyzed, 149 of which were related to SARS-CoV, and 29 and 12 were related to MERS-CoV and SARS- CoV2, respectively. The patents addressed the issues of diagnosis, therapeutic agents, prevention and control, along with other applications. CONCLUSION Several promising strategies have been documented in intellectual property databases favoring the need for further studies on the pathogenesis and optimization of the diagnosis and therapeutic treatment for these emerging infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelli Dos Santos
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Microrganismos, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho, 400, 355901-296, Divinópolis, MG, Brazil
| | - André V F Ferreira
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Microrganismos, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho, 400, 355901-296, Divinópolis, MG, Brazil
| | - Jonatas O da Silva
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Microrganismos, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho, 400, 355901-296, Divinópolis, MG, Brazil
| | - Laís M Nogueira
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Microrganismos, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho, 400, 355901-296, Divinópolis, MG, Brazil
| | - Juliana M Machado
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Microrganismos, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho, 400, 355901-296, Divinópolis, MG, Brazil
| | - Mariana F C Francisco
- Laboratório de Nano- Biotecnologia & Bioativos, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho, 400, 355901-296, Divinópolis, MG, Brazil
| | - Mariana C da Paz
- Laboratório de Nano- Biotecnologia & Bioativos, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho, 400, 355901-296, Divinópolis, MG, Brazil
| | - Rodolfo C Giunchetti
- Laboratório de Biologia das Interações Celulares, Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Alexsandro S Galdino
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Microrganismos, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho, 400, 355901-296, Divinópolis, MG, Brazil
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3
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Ferreira AVF, Silva FF, Silva AAM, Azevedo LS, da Fonseca STD, Camilo NH, Dos Santos KPE, de Carvalho LC, Tarabal VS, da Silva JO, Machado JM, Nogueira LM, Torres FAG, Galdino AS. Recent Patents on the Industrial Application of Alpha-amylases. Recent Pat Biotechnol 2020; 14:251-268. [PMID: 32703144 DOI: 10.2174/1872208314666200722160452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alpha-amylases are enzymes capable of degrading polysaccharides, such as starch and glycogen. Found in various organisms, such as fungi and bacteria, these enzymes have great biotechnological potential due to their insertion in several industrial sectors ranging from food to biofuels. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to analyze patents deposited in intellectual property databases on alpha-amylases in the fields of food, beverages, detergents, animal feeds, biofuels, pharmaceuticals and textiles, with the search period being 5 years. METHODS This study targeted the use of alpha-amylases in various industrial sectors, so searches were carried out on the intellectual property database Espacenet website (European Patent Office - EPO) which contains more than 90 million patents deposited in its database. RESULTS During the search for patents filed in the last 5 years, 186 were found related to the use of alpha-amylases. These were disturbed as follows: 84 (biofuel), 41 (drinks), 16 (pharmaceuticals), 15 (detergents), 11 (food), 10 (animal feed), 9 (textiles). From the total number of patents found, we selected 6 from each area, except pharmaceutical products, to discuss and provide information on the application of this enzyme. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that the sectors of beverages and animal feed have preferences for thermostable alpha-amylases while sectors such as food, biofuels and textiles only regarded the importance of enzymatic efficiency. The detergent sector presented the greatest use of alpha-amylases which had distinct biochemical characteristics as solvent resistance and thermostability. The pharmaceutical sector was the one that presented less patents related to the application of alpha amylases. In addition, this work showed that China is the country with the highest patent registration for the use of alpha-amylases in the analyzed period.
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Affiliation(s)
- André V F Ferreira
- Universidade Federal de Sao Joao Del-Rei, Divinopolis, 35501-296, MG, Brazil
| | - Felipe F Silva
- Universidade Federal de Sao Joao Del-Rei, Divinopolis, 35501-296, MG, Brazil
| | - Ana Amélia M Silva
- Universidade Federal de Sao Joao Del-Rei, Divinopolis, 35501-296, MG, Brazil
| | - Lucas S Azevedo
- Universidade Federal de Sao Joao Del-Rei, Divinopolis, 35501-296, MG, Brazil
| | - Sara T D da Fonseca
- Universidade Federal de Sao Joao Del-Rei, Divinopolis, 35501-296, MG, Brazil
| | - Nathalia H Camilo
- Universidade Federal de Sao Joao Del-Rei, Divinopolis, 35501-296, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | - Vinícius S Tarabal
- Universidade Federal de Sao Joao Del-Rei, Divinopolis, 35501-296, MG, Brazil
| | - Jonatas O da Silva
- Universidade Federal de Sao Joao Del-Rei, Divinopolis, 35501-296, MG, Brazil
| | - Juliana M Machado
- Universidade Federal de Sao Joao Del-Rei, Divinopolis, 35501-296, MG, Brazil
| | - Laís M Nogueira
- Universidade Federal de Sao Joao Del-Rei, Divinopolis, 35501-296, MG, Brazil
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Machado JM, Costa LE, Dias DS, Ribeiro PAF, Martins VT, Lage DP, Carvalho GB, Franklin ML, Tavares GSV, Oliveira-da-Silva JA, Machado AS, Ramos LS, Nogueira LM, Mariano RMS, Moura HB, Silva ES, Teixeira-Neto RG, Campos-da-Paz M, Galdino AS, Coelho EAF. Diagnostic markers selected by immunoproteomics and phage display applied for the serodiagnosis of canine leishmaniosis. Res Vet Sci 2019; 126:4-8. [PMID: 31415928 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2019.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Canine leishmaniosis (CanL) is one of the most important parasitic diseases found in several countries worldwide. Dogs are considered important domestic reservoirs of the parasites, being relevant in the maintenance of transmission cycle of the disease between sandflies and humans. However, the prevalence of asymptomatic infection is considerably higher than that of apparent clinical illness in the infected animals; thus making promptly necessary to diagnose the infection in these animals, which could help to allow to the adoption of more efficient control measures against disease. Parasitological tests, which are considered as gold standard to demonstrate the infection and diagnose the disease, present problems related with their sensitivity. Also, the sample´s collect is considered invasive. As consequence, serological tests could be applied as an additional tool to detect the asymptomatic and symptomatic CanL. For this purpose, distinct recombinant antigens have been studied; however, problems in their sensitivity and/or specificity have been still registered. The present review focus in advances in the identification of new diagnostic targets applied for the CanL diagnose, represented here by recombinant single, combined or chimeric proteins, as well as by peptides that mimic epitopes (mimotopes); which were selected by means of immunoproteomics and phage display.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana M Machado
- Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, 35501-296 Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Lourena E Costa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 30130-100 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Daniel S Dias
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 30130-100 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Patricia A F Ribeiro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 30130-100 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Vívian T Martins
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 30130-100 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Daniela P Lage
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 30130-100 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Gerusa B Carvalho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 30130-100 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Michelle L Franklin
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 30130-100 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Grasiele S V Tavares
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 30130-100 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - João A Oliveira-da-Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 30130-100 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Amanda S Machado
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 30130-100 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luana S Ramos
- Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, 35501-296 Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Lais M Nogueira
- Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, 35501-296 Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Reysla M S Mariano
- Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, 35501-296 Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Henrique B Moura
- Infectious Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, 35501-296 Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Eduardo S Silva
- Infectious Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, 35501-296 Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rafael G Teixeira-Neto
- Infectious Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, 35501-296 Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mariana Campos-da-Paz
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, 35501-296 Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Alexsandro S Galdino
- Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, 35501-296 Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Eduardo A F Coelho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 30130-100 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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5
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Ribeiro PAF, Souza MQ, Dias DS, Álvares ACM, Nogueira LM, Machado JM, Dos Santos JC, Godoi RR, Nobrega YKM, Campos-da-Paz M, de Freitas SM, Felipe MSS, Torres FAG, Galdino AS. A Custom-Designed Recombinant Multiepitope Protein for Human Cytomegalovirus Diagnosis. Recent Pat Biotechnol 2019; 13:316-328. [PMID: 31333134 DOI: 10.2174/1872208313666190716093911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) has infected more than 90% of the world population and its prevalence can be related to the individuals geographical and socialeconomic status. Serological tests based on ELISA are pivotal for HCMV diagnosis. Due to the lack of standardization in the production/purification of antigens from viral preparations, ELISA tests are based on several recombinant proteins or peptides. As an alternative, multiepitope proteins may be employed. OBJECTIVE In this work, we developed a recombinant multiepitope protein (rMEHCMV) for HCMV diagnosis based on conserved and immunodominant epitopes derived from tegument (pp150, pp65 and pp28), glycoprotein gB (pp38) and DNA polymerase subunit (pp52) of HCMV. METHODS The rMEHCMV gene was synthesized de novo and overexpressed in Escherichia coli cells. The recombinant protein was purified to homogeneity using a Ni-NTA column. Biophysical analysis of recombinant protein was performed by circular dichroism. A preliminary biological activity test was performed using 12 positive human sera samples by using an in-house IgG ELISA. The following patents database were consulted: Espacenet, Google Patents and the National Institute of Intellectual Property (INPI, Brazil). RESULTS The recombinant multiepitope protein was successfully expressed in E. coli. The structural data obtained by circular dichroism spectroscopy showed that rMEHCMV is structurally disordered. An in-house IgG ELISA test with rMEHCMV was successfully used to recognized IgG from human serum samples. CONCLUSION Together, our results show that rMEHCMV should be considered as a potential antigenic target for HCMV diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia A F Ribeiro
- Laboratorio de Biotecnologia de Microrganismos, Universidade Federal de Sao Joao Del-Rei, Divinopolis, MG, 35501-296, Brazil
| | - Marilen Q Souza
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade de Brasilia, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Daniel S Dias
- Laboratorio de Biotecnologia de Microrganismos, Universidade Federal de Sao Joao Del-Rei, Divinopolis, MG, 35501-296, Brazil
| | - Alice C M Álvares
- Laboratorio de Biofisica, Universidade de Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Laís M Nogueira
- Laboratorio de Biotecnologia de Microrganismos, Universidade Federal de Sao Joao Del-Rei, Divinopolis, MG, 35501-296, Brazil
| | - Juliana M Machado
- Laboratorio de Biotecnologia de Microrganismos, Universidade Federal de Sao Joao Del-Rei, Divinopolis, MG, 35501-296, Brazil
| | - José C Dos Santos
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade de Brasilia, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Renato R Godoi
- Laboratorio de Biotecnologia de Microrganismos, Universidade Federal de Sao Joao Del-Rei, Divinopolis, MG, 35501-296, Brazil
| | - Yanna K M Nobrega
- Laboratorio de Doencas Imunogeneticas e Cronico-degenerativas, Universidade de Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Mariana Campos-da-Paz
- Laboratorio de Nanobiotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Sao Joao Del-Rei, Divinopolis, MG, 35501-296, Brazil
| | - Sonia M de Freitas
- Laboratorio de Biofisica, Universidade de Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Maria S S Felipe
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade de Brasilia, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Fernando A G Torres
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade de Brasilia, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Alexsandro S Galdino
- Laboratorio de Biotecnologia de Microrganismos, Universidade Federal de Sao Joao Del-Rei, Divinopolis, MG, 35501-296, Brazil
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6
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Graciano RCD, Ribeiro JAT, Macêdo AKS, de S Lavareda JP, de Oliveira PR, Netto JB, Nogueira LM, Machado JM, Camposda-Paz M, Giunchetti RC, Galdino AS. Recent Patents Applications in Red Biotechnology: A Mini-Review. Recent Pat Biotechnol 2019; 13:170-186. [PMID: 30648529 DOI: 10.2174/1872208313666190114150511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The different fields of biotechnology can be classified by colors, as a "rainbow" methodology. In this sense, the red biotechnology, focused on the preservation of health, has been outstanding in helping to solve this challenge through the provision of technologies, including diagnostic kits, molecular diagnostics, vaccines, innovations in cancer research, therapeutic antibodies and stem cells. OBJECTIVE The main goal of this work is to highlight the different areas within the red Biotechnology. In this sense, we revised some patents regarding red biotechnology as examples to cover this subject. METHODS A literature search of patents was performed from the followings Patents Database: INPI, USPTO, Esp@cenet, WIPO and Google Patents. RESULTS Our analysis showed the following numbers from patents found: cancer research (8), diagnosis kit (9), vaccines (8), stem cells (9) and therapeutic antibodies (5), where the United States is the leader for most filled patents in Red Biotechnology. CONCLUSION This mini-review has provided an update of some patents on Recent Patents in Red Biotechnology. As far as we know, this is the first mini-review report on Red Biotechnology based on patents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raíssa C D Graciano
- Department of Zootechny, Campus CTAN, University Federal of Sao Joao del Rei, Sao Joao del Rei - MG, Brazil
| | - Júlia A T Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Biotechnological Processes and Purification of Macromolecules, University Federal of Sao Joao del Rei, Sao Joao del Rei - MG, Brazil
| | - Anderson K S Macêdo
- Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, University Federal of Sao Joao del Rei, Sao Joao del Rei - MG, Divinopolis, MG, 35501-296, Brazil
| | - José Paulo de S Lavareda
- Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, University Federal of Sao Joao del Rei, Sao Joao del Rei - MG, Divinopolis, MG, 35501-296, Brazil
| | - Pedro R de Oliveira
- Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, University Federal of Sao Joao del Rei, Sao Joao del Rei - MG, Divinopolis, MG, 35501-296, Brazil
| | - Jairo B Netto
- Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, University Federal of Sao Joao del Rei, Sao Joao del Rei - MG, Divinopolis, MG, 35501-296, Brazil
| | - Laís M Nogueira
- Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, University Federal of Sao Joao del Rei, Sao Joao del Rei - MG, Divinopolis, MG, 35501-296, Brazil
| | - Juliana M Machado
- Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, University Federal of Sao Joao del Rei, Sao Joao del Rei - MG, Divinopolis, MG, 35501-296, Brazil
| | - Mariana Camposda-Paz
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, University Federal of Sao Joao del Rei, Sao Joao del Rei - MG, Brazil
| | - Rodolfo C Giunchetti
- Laboratory of Cell-cell Interactions, University Federal of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte - MG, Brazil
| | - Alexsandro S Galdino
- Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, University Federal of Sao Joao del Rei, Sao Joao del Rei - MG, Divinopolis, MG, 35501-296, Brazil
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7
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Marucci EA, Zafalon GFD, Jardim ACG, Yamasaki LHT, Bittar C, Rahal P, Machado JM. Routine libraries for pattern recognition in quasispecies. Genet Mol Res 2008; 7:970-81. [PMID: 18949714 DOI: 10.4238/vol7-3x-meeting013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The results obtained through biological research usually need to be analyzed using computational tools, since manual analysis becomes unfeasible due to the complexity and size of these results. For instance, the study of quasispecies frequently demands the analysis of several, very lengthy sequences of nucleotides and amino acids. Therefore, bioinformatics tools for the study of quasispecies are constantly being developed due to different problems found by biologists. In the present study, we address the development of a software tool for the evaluation of population diversity in quasispecies. Special attention is paid to the localization of genome regions prone to changes, as well as of possible hot spots.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Marucci
- Laboratório de Bioinformática, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brasil
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8
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Ribeiro DA, Pereira PCM, Machado JM, Silva SB, Pessoa AWP, Salvadori DMF. Does toxoplasmosis cause DNA damage? An evaluation in isogenic mice under normal diet or dietary restriction. Mutat Res 2004; 559:169-76. [PMID: 15066584 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2004.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2003] [Revised: 12/30/2003] [Accepted: 01/21/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Toxoplasmosis is an anthropozoonotic widespread disease, caused by the coccidian protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii. Since there are no data regarding the genotoxicity of the parasite in vivo, this study was designed to evaluate the genotoxic potential of the toxoplasmosis on isogenic mice with normal diet or under dietary restriction and submitted to a treatment with sulfonamide (375 microg/kg per day). DNA damage was assessed in peripheral blood, liver and brain cells using the comet assay (tail moment). The results for leucocytes showed increases in the mean tail moment in mice under dietary restriction; in infected mice under normal diet; in infected, sulfonamide-treated mice under normal diet; in infected mice under dietary restriction and in infected sulfonamide-treated mice under dietary restriction. In liver and brain cells, no statistically significant difference was observed for the tail moment. These results indicated that dietary restriction and T. gondii were able to induce DNA damage in peripheral blood cells, as detected by the comet assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Ribeiro
- Núcleo de Avaliação Toxicogenética e Cancerígena, TOXICAN, Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, UNESP, 18618-000 Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
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9
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Abstract
Chemical safety is recognized in Agenda 21(UNCED--Rio 92), as one of the most serious problems to be faced worldwide being a problem not just of governability, restricted more to the role of states and governments, but of governance at the national and international levels. It poses greater challenges for countries like Brazil where the issues of democracy, security, sustainability and equity, which are fundamental to governance, are merely incipient and still far from solved. Taking as references the analysis of four cases in the Brazilian context, we illustrate the situation from less densely populated areas (as in the cases of mercury use by gold miners in the Amazon and pesticides in agricultural producing areas), through medium-sized towns (as in the accident with cesium 137 in Goiânia), to the major urban and industrial centers (as in the cases of lead from battery renovators and benzene in the oil and steel industries and oil refineries). What can be seen is a situation where problems connected with chemical safety have grown in intensity and extent far more than the capacity to deal with them. In industrializing countries, the formulation of chemical safety policies must take into account not only the complexity and uncertainties involved in understanding the problems, but also the aspects relating to the different modes and levels of vulnerability. This is necessary in order to attempt to build better contextualized and more participatory knowledge and decision-making processes at the local and global levels, which we take as basic prerequisites for governance.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M de Freitas
- National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Av. Leopoldo Bulhões, 1480, 21041-210, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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10
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Abstract
This study provides an overview of the theoretical discussion on potential uses for biological monitoring of exposure to chemical substances as related to human health, considering different concepts: definitions, uses, and limitations of internal dose and biological effect indicators and their availability for the substances to be quantified; knowledge of reference values, action levels, and limits based on health and negotiated patterns in biological monitoring interpretation and perspectives; and ethical and social problems in practice and within different preventive practices and their use in public health. Biological monitoring is the result of an exposure situation with conclusions based on scientific and consensus values, rules, and legislation. Biological monitoring as a continuous process and related to actually observed cases has helped establish technological exposure reference values and consensus levels as indicators for improving the environment and the workplace. As a step in the decision-making process in risk analysis, biological monitoring needs to be critically assessed as to its ethical aspects in light of the end use of results and values, which are references for application of this methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Pivetta
- Centro de Estudos da Saúde do Trabalhador e Ecologia Humana, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21041-210, Brasil
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11
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Abstract
The offshore oil industry is characterized by complex systems in relation to technology and organization of work. Working conditions are hazardous, resulting in accidents and even occasional full-scale catastrophes. This article is the result of a study on work-related accidents in the offshore platforms in the Campos Basin, Rio de Janeiro State. The primary objective was to provide technical back-up for both workers' representative organizations and public authorities. As a methodology, we attempt to go beyond the immediate causes of accidents and emphasize underlying causes related to organizational and managerial aspects. The sources were used in such a way as to permit classification in relation to the type of incident, technological system, operation, and immediate and underlying causes. The results show the aggravation of safety conditions and the immediate need for public authorities and the offshore oil industry in Brazil to change the methods used to investigate accidents in order to identify the main causes in the organizational and managerial structure of companies.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Freitas
- Centro de Estudos em Saúde do Trabalhador e Ecologia Humana, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21041-210, Brasil
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12
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Partidário JA, Albuquerque E Sousa JG, Proença R, Machado JM, Morgado A. [Human fascioliasis. Tomodensitometric aspects. Apropos of 2 cases]. J Radiol 1992; 73:681-5. [PMID: 1301440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The authors report two cases of hepatic fascioliasis in which the CT scans of the liver revealed multiple hepatic low density lesions, better seen after intravenous bolus injection of contrast material. This CT signs may help in the diagnosis, follow up and to access the efficacy of hepatobiliary fascioliasis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Partidário
- Centre de Radiodiagnostic (NRD), Hôpital de la Croix Rouge, Portugaise, Lisboa
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13
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Barraviera B, Pereira PC, Machado JM, de Souza MJ, Lima CR, Curi PR, Mendes RP, Meira DA. Isoniazid acetylating phenotype in patients with paracoccidioidomycosis and its relationship with serum sulfadoxin levels, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and glutathione reductase activities. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 1991; 24:111-4. [PMID: 1841426 DOI: 10.1590/s0037-86821991000200008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The authors evaluated the isoniazid acetylating phenotype and measured hematocrit, hemoglobin, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and glutathione reductase activities plus serum sulfadoxin levels in 39 patients with paracoccidioidomycosis (33 males and 6 females) aged 17 to 58 years. Twenty one (53.84%) of the patients presented a slow acetylating phenotype and 18(46.16%) a fast acetylating phenotype. Glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase (G6PD) activity was decreased in 5(23.80%) slow acetylators and in 4(22.22%) fast acetylators. Glutathione reductase activity was decreased in 14(66.66%) slow acetylators and in 12(66.66%) fast acetylators. Serum levels of free and total sulfadoxin were higher in slow acetylator (p less than 0.02). Analysis of the results permitted us to conclude that serum sulfadoxin levels are related to the acetylator phenotype. Furthermore, sulfadoxin levels were always above 50 micrograms/ml, a value considered therapeutic. Glutathione reductase deficiency observed in 66% of patients may be related to the intestinal malabsorption of nutrients, among them riboflavin, a FAD precursor vitamin, in patients with paracoceidioidomycosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Barraviera
- Department of Infectious and Parasitologic Diseases, School of Medicine of Botucatu, University Paulist State, São Paulo, Brazil
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14
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Barraviera B, Pereira PC, Mendes RP, Machado JM, Lima CR, Meira DA. Evaluation of acetylator phenotype, renal function and serum sulfadiazine levels in patients with paracoccidioidomycosis treated with cotrimazine (a combination of sulfadiazine and trimethoprim). Mycopathologia 1989; 108:107-12. [PMID: 2594046 DOI: 10.1007/bf00436060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The authors evaluated the relationships among renal function, acetylator phenotype and serum sulfadiazine levels in 22 patients with paracoccidioidomycosis treated with 1 tablet of cotrimazine (a combination of 820 mg sulfadiazine and 180 mg trimethoprim) administered orally every 12 hours. Fifteen patients (68.18%) presented free sulfadiazine levels above 50 micrograms/ml, 6(27.28%) presented serum levels above 40 micrograms/ml, and 1(4.54%), levels lower than 40 micrograms/ml, this being the patient in which treatment failed. The highest free sulfadiazine levels were obtained in slow acetylator patients with reduced renal function. One patient with neuroparacoccidioidomycosis presented free sulfadiazine levels in cerebrospinal fluid corresponding to 55% of the serum levels. Finally, the authors consider cotrimazine to be an important therapeutic alternative for neuroparacoccidioidomycosis and conclude that administration every 12 hours can provide therapeutic sulfadiazine levels. They also suggest that when the sulfadiazine-trimethoprim combination is used, the therapeutic levels of sulfadiazine should be above 40 micrograms/ml.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Barraviera
- Department of Infectious and Parasitologic Diseases, São Paulo, Brazil
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15
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Agapejev S, Meira DA, Barraviera B, Machado JM, Marques PC, Mendes RP, Kamegasawa A, Ueda AK. Neurocysticercosis: treatment with albendazole and dextrochloropheniramine. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1989; 83:377-83. [PMID: 2617585 DOI: 10.1016/0035-9203(89)90509-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the use of albendazole in combination with dextrochloropheniramine for the treatment of neurocysticercosis. Forty patients were treated from September 1984 to December 1987; each was diagnosed on the basis of clinical, epidemiological, cerebrospinal fluid and tomographic data. Patients were divided into 3 groups according to the albendazole treatment schedule. Group I received 10-15 mg/kg albendazole daily; group II received 15-25 mg/kg/d; group III received 15-30 mg/kg/d. Each patient also received simultaneously 18 mg/d of dextrochloropheniramine. Clinical improvement was observed in 4 patients in group I (50.0%), 10 patients in group II (83.3%) and 18 patients in group III (94.7%). Three patients in group II, and one in group III, died. Group III patients showed a significant improvement in quality of life compared to the other 2 groups. Side effects were insignificant in all groups. The combination of albendazole and dextrochloropheniramine seems to be a promising treatment for neurocysticercosis, especially at the doses used for group III, i.e. 15 mg/kg/d of albendazole for 21 d followed by 20-30 mg/kg/d for 30 d after a one-week interval, in combination with 18 mg/d of dextrochloropheniramine.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Agapejev
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, School of Medicine, UNESP, Brazil
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16
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Barraviera B, Mendes RP, Machado JM, Pereira PC, de Souza MJ, Meira DA. Evaluation of treatment of paracoccidioidomycosis with cotrimazine (combination of sulfadiazine and trimetoprim). Preliminary report. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 1989; 31:53-5. [PMID: 2814205 DOI: 10.1590/s0036-46651989000100011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
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17
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Barraviera B, Bonjorno Júnior JC, Arkaki D, Domingues MA, Pereira PC, Mendes RP, Machado JM, Meira DA. A retrospective study of 40 victims of crotalus snake bites. Analysis of the hepatic necrosis observed in one patient. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 1989; 22:5-12. [PMID: 2638023 DOI: 10.1590/s0037-86821989000100002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Forty patients with a diagnosis of snake bite were studied at the Infectious and Parasitic Disease Service of the Faculty of Medicine of Botucatu. Thirty were males and 10 females, ranging in age from 16 to 70 years. All were farm laborers and 35 of them were bitten in the lower limbs. Two of the 9 patients seen more than 6 hours after the bite died. The low mortality rate (5%) observed could be explained by the early care provided, by the use of appropriate doses of anti-crotalus serum, parenteral hydration, urine alkalinization with sodium bicarbonate and induction of osmotic diuresis with a mannitol solution. Anatomopathological examination of one of the patients who died revealed extensive hepatic necrosis. The authors discuss the possibility of the effect of a factor of snake venom in the genesis of hepatic necrosis and in the increased transaminase levels.
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18
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Barraviera B, Mendes RP, Pereira PC, Machado JM, Curi PR, Meira DA. Measurement of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and glutathione reductase activity in patients with paracoccidioidomycosis treated with ketoconazole. Mycopathologia 1988; 104:87-91. [PMID: 3221915 DOI: 10.1007/bf00436932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Hemoglobin rates, hematocrit and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and glutathione reductase activities were measured in 38 patients with paracoccidioidomycosis treated with ketoconazole or sulfadoxin, and in 13 normal individuals. Ketoconazole-treated patients showed reduced G6PD and glutathione reductase activities. One of these patients was found to be G6PD-deficient and suffered a hemolytic episode during treatment, which, however, did not require interruption of therapy. The authors suggest that patients showing an erythrocyte enzyme defect should be monitored hematologically during treatment with ketoconazole. They also suggest that ketoconazole is an oxidant drug in addition to being a possible inhibitor of antioxidant erythrocyte enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Barraviera
- Department of Infectious and Parasitologic Diseases, São Paulo, Brazil
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19
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Agapejev S, Meira DA, Barraviera B, Machado JM, Pereira PC, Mendes RP, Kamegasawa A, Curi PR. Neurocysticercosis: treatment with albendazole and dextrochloropheniramine (preliminary report). Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 1988; 30:387-9. [PMID: 3074454 DOI: 10.1590/s0036-46651988000500010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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20
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Kiy Y, Machado JM, Mendes RP, Barraviera B, Pereira PC, Cury PR. Paracoccidioidomycosis in the region of Botucatu (state of São Paulo, Brazil). Evaluation of serum thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) levels and of the response to thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH). Mycopathologia 1988; 103:3-9. [PMID: 3140015 DOI: 10.1007/bf00437215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
T4, T3 and TSH serum levels were measured in 25 patients with paracoccidioidomycosis. Thyroid T3 reserves were measured on the basis of the increase in T3 (delta T3) 2 h after intravenous injection of 200 micrograms TRH, and pituitary TSH reserves were measured on the basis of TSH increase (delta TSH) 20 min after the same injection. Twenty healthy volunteers with no history of thyroid disease were used as controls. When the two groups were compared, the following results were obtained: (a) there was no significant difference in mean T4, T3, delta TSH between groups; (b) reduced T3 levels were detected more frequently in patients with paracoccidioidomycosis, especially among those with the acute form of the disease or with the severely disseminated chronic form. The results suggest the occurrence of a reduction in peripheral conversion of T4 to T3, but do not indicate the occurrence of hypothyroidism in any of its forms (thyroid, pituitary or hypothalamic).
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kiy
- Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine-UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
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