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van Wagensveld L, van Baal JOAM, Timmermans M, Gaillard D, Borghuis L, Coffelt SB, Rosenberg EH, Lok CAR, Nijman HW, Kooreman LFS, Sanders J, de Bruijn M, Wessels LFA, van der Wiel R, Rausch C, Broeks A, Kruitwagen RFPM, van der Aa MA, Sonke GS, Schouten PC, Van de Vijver KK, Horlings HM. Homologous Recombination Deficiency and Cyclin E1 Amplification Are Correlated with Immune Cell Infiltration and Survival in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14235965. [PMID: 36497449 PMCID: PMC9738162 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14235965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND How molecular profiles are associated with tumor microenvironment (TME) in high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is incompletely understood. Therefore, we analyzed the TME and molecular profiles of HGSOC and assessed their associations with overall survival (OS). METHODS Patients with advanced-stage HGSOC treated in three Dutch hospitals between 2008-2015 were included. Patient data were collected from medical records. BRCA1/2 mutation, BRCA1 promotor methylation analyses, and copy number variations were used to define molecular profiles. Immune cells were assessed with immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS 348 patients were categorized as BRCA mutation (BRCAm) (BRCAm or promotor methylation) (30%), non-BRCA mutated HRD (19%), Cyclin E1 (CCNE1)-amplification (13%), non-BRCAmut HRD and CCNE1-amplification (double classifier) (20%), and no specific molecular profile (NSMP) (18%). BRCAm showed highest immune cell densities and CCNE1-amplification lowest. BRCAm showed the most favorable OS (52.5 months), compared to non-BRCAmut HRD (41.0 months), CCNE1-amplification (28.0 months), double classifier (27.8 months), and NSMP (35.4 months). Higher immune cell densities showed a favorable OS compared to lower, also within the profiles. CD8+, CD20+, and CD103+ cells remained associated with OS in multivariable analysis. CONCLUSIONS Molecular profiles and TME are associated with OS. TME differs per profile, with higher immune cell densities showing a favorable OS, even within the profiles. HGSOC does not reflect one entity but comprises different entities based on molecular profiles and TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian van Wagensveld
- Department of Research and Development, Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organization (IKNL), 3511 DT Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- GROW, School for Oncology and Reproduction, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Correspondence:
| | - Juliette O. A. M. van Baal
- Department of Gynecology, Center for Gynecologic Oncology Amsterdam (CGOA), 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maite Timmermans
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Duco Gaillard
- Department of Molecular Carcinogenesis, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lauri Borghuis
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Seth B. Coffelt
- Division of Tumor Biology & Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
- Cancer Research UK, Beatson Institute, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Efraim H. Rosenberg
- Department of Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Christianne A. R. Lok
- Department of Gynecology, Center for Gynecologic Oncology Amsterdam (CGOA), 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hans W. Nijman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Loes F. S. Kooreman
- GROW, School for Oncology and Reproduction, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Pathology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Joyce Sanders
- Department of Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marco de Bruijn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lodewyk F. A. Wessels
- Department of Molecular Carcinogenesis, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rianne van der Wiel
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Christian Rausch
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- BioLizard nv, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Annegien Broeks
- Core Facility Molecular Pathology & Biobanking, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Roy F. P. M. Kruitwagen
- GROW, School for Oncology and Reproduction, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Maaike A. van der Aa
- Department of Research and Development, Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organization (IKNL), 3511 DT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Gabe S. Sonke
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Philip C. Schouten
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Koen K. Van de Vijver
- Department of Gynecology, Center for Gynecologic Oncology Amsterdam (CGOA), 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pathology & Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hugo M. Horlings
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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van Baal JOAM, van Noorden CJF, Nieuwland R, Van de Vijver KK, Sturk A, van Driel WJ, Kenter GG, Lok CAR. Development of Peritoneal Carcinomatosis in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: A Review. J Histochem Cytochem 2017; 66:67-83. [PMID: 29164988 DOI: 10.1369/0022155417742897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) metastasizes intra-abdominally with often numerous, superficial, small-sized lesions. This so-called peritoneal carcinomatosis is difficult to treat, and peritoneal recurrences are frequently observed, leading to a poor prognosis. Underlying mechanisms of interactions between EOC and peritoneal cells are incompletely understood. This review summarizes and discusses the development of peritoneal carcinomatosis from a cell-biological perspective, focusing on characteristics of EOC and peritoneal cells. We aim to provide insight into how peritoneum facilitates tumor adhesion but limits size of lesions and depth of invasion. The development of peritoneal carcinomatosis is a multistep process that requires adaptations of EOC and peritoneal cells. Mechanisms that enable tumor adhesion and growth involve cadherin restructuring on EOC cells, integrin-mediated adhesion, and mesothelial evasion by mechanical forces driven by integrin-ligand interactions. Clinical trials targeting these mechanisms, however, showed only limited effects. Other factors that inhibit tumor growth and deep invasion are virtually unknown. Future studies are needed to elucidate the exact mechanisms that underlie the development and limited growth of peritoneal carcinomatosis. This review on development of peritoneal carcinomatosis of EOC summarizes the current knowledge and its limitations. Clarification of the stepwise process may inspire future research to investigate new treatment approaches of peritoneal carcinomatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette O A M van Baal
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Center for Gynecologic Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute/Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis J F van Noorden
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Department of Medical Biology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rienk Nieuwland
- Laboratory of Experimental Clinical Chemistry, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Koen K Van de Vijver
- Division of Diagnostic Oncology & Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute/Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Auguste Sturk
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Willemien J van Driel
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Center for Gynecologic Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute/Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gemma G Kenter
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Center for Gynecologic Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute/Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Christianne A R Lok
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Center for Gynecologic Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute/Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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