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Beall JM, Jackson SB, Casola WR, Peterson MN, Larson LR, Stevenson KT, Seekamp E. Self-reported participation in outdoor and nature-based recreation before and during the COVID-19 pandemic supports psychological health and well-being. Wellbeing Space Soc 2022; 3:100094. [PMID: 35874123 PMCID: PMC9287538 DOI: 10.1016/j.wss.2022.100094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Restrictions associated with the COVID-19 pandemic significantly altered daily lives and affected human health and well-being. Outdoor and nature-based activities could potentially mitigate some of these negative impacts. To assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on outdoor recreation and subjective well-being, we combined two samples of U.S. adults collected from April 30th - June 15th, 2020 and from August 7th - August 26th, 2020 (total n = 2178) using Qualtrics XM. During the pandemic, participation in outdoor activities declined by 35%, participation in nature-based activities declined by 33%, and subjective well-being declined by 24%. Participation in outdoor activities and nature activities prior to the pandemic and during the pandemic predicted smaller declines in subjective well-being. Results highlight the importance of outdoor recreation for building resilience to changes in subjective well-being before and during global crises like the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin M Beall
- Department of Parks, Recreation, and Tourism Management, College of Natural Resources, North Carolina State University, 2820 Faucette Dr, Raleigh, NC 27607, United States
| | - S Brent Jackson
- Fisheries, Wildlife and Conservation Biology Program, Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources, College of Natural Resources, North Carolina State University, 2820 Faucette Dr, Raleigh, NC 27607, United States
| | - William R Casola
- Fisheries, Wildlife and Conservation Biology Program, Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources, College of Natural Resources, North Carolina State University, 2820 Faucette Dr, Raleigh, NC 27607, United States
| | - M Nils Peterson
- Fisheries, Wildlife and Conservation Biology Program, Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources, College of Natural Resources, North Carolina State University, 2820 Faucette Dr, Raleigh, NC 27607, United States
| | - Lincoln R Larson
- Department of Parks, Recreation, and Tourism Management, College of Natural Resources, North Carolina State University, 2820 Faucette Dr, Raleigh, NC 27607, United States
| | - Kathryn T Stevenson
- Department of Parks, Recreation, and Tourism Management, College of Natural Resources, North Carolina State University, 2820 Faucette Dr, Raleigh, NC 27607, United States
| | - Erin Seekamp
- Department of Parks, Recreation, and Tourism Management, College of Natural Resources, North Carolina State University, 2820 Faucette Dr, Raleigh, NC 27607, United States
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Casola WR, Beall JM, Nils Peterson M, Larson LR, Brent Jackson S, Stevenson KT. Political polarization of conservation issues in the era of COVID-19: An examination of partisan perspectives and priorities in the United States. J Nat Conserv 2022; 67:126176. [PMID: 35370533 PMCID: PMC8957370 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2022.126176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
As a zoonotic disease with unprecedented global impacts, COVID-19 may influence how people prioritize issues related to wildlife conservation. Using a nationally representative sample of US residents, we investigated: (1) how COVID-19 affected the relative importance of conservation issues among adults with different political ideologies, and (2) how the pandemic affected political polarization of conservation issues during the 2020 general election in the United States. Conservation issues such as endangered species and controlling zoonotic disease ranked low in importance among the 14 policy issues considered, even lower than environmental issues such as climate change and environmental protection; however, the importance of all conservation issues increased as a result of COVID-19. Political polarization surrounding the perceived importance of conservation issues also increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, with Democrats reporting larger increases in importance than Republicans. Polarization was driven by the most conservative Republicans and the most liberal Democrats. But this polarization was less extreme than it was for other issues such as climate change and healthcare. Findings highlight the need for communicating links between zoonotic disease and human interactions with wildlife and the environment. Acting quickly may be critical in areas where conservation issues are primed to succumb to political polarization.
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Garcia EG, Mitchell GF, Beall JM, Tiu WU. Schistosoma japonicum: the modulation of lung granuloma and inhibition of egg maturation in mice by human sera. Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol 1985; 3:156-60. [PMID: 3935128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Human sera taken from patients with chronic schistosomiasis japonica have been demonstrated to have two effects on mice. Sera from those patients reduced the size of granuloma in mice sensitised for accelerated granuloma formation to eggs entrapped in the lungs of mice injected with the sera shortly before and at day 2 after intravenous egg challenge. The sera with this effect on the mouse lung granuloma models caused large segmented precipitates in the optimised circumoval precipitin test (COPT). Such sera also reduced the rate at which eggs matured in the liver and intestines of mice infected with S. japonicum. The results strongly support our postulate that a major cause of granuloma modulation in cases of chronic schistosomiasis japonica is antiembryonation immunity and that mice provide useful models for the analysis of our postulate. Identification of egg antigens responsible for the anti-embryonation effect should facilitate progress towards the development of a vaccine against granulomatous disease.
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