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Calvin DD, Keller J, Rost J, Walsh B, Biddinger D, Hoover K, Treichler B, Johnson A, Roush RT. Spotted Lanternfly (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae) Nymphal Dispersion Patterns and Their Influence on Field Experiments. Environ Entomol 2021; 50:1490-1504. [PMID: 34555164 PMCID: PMC8678449 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvab104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The spotted lanternfly, Lycorma delicatula (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae) (White, 1845), is an invasive pest in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. Understanding this pest's dispersion patterns is fundamental for development of management and surveillance programs. To address this knowledge gap, we quantified spotted lanternfly nymph dispersion patterns by instar for rural and urban/suburban habitats, and we compared the number of sample units required for sticky traps and in situ visual counts to estimate population densities at several precisions. In addition, we assessed the ability of two experimental designs (completely random and randomized complete block) to detect management practices' impacts in the field. All instars typically followed an aggregated dispersion pattern. Sample size and time requirements for checking and replacing sticky traps and for conducting in situ counts were similar, but in situ counts do not require purchasing traps, installation time, or delays before treatment, and do not remove insects. Although the cost for using in situ counts is likely less than for sticky traps, early instar spotted lanternfly nymph populations are harder to visually detect than later instars because of their small size, which may negate any cost advantage when treatments are applied early. In general, using a randomized complete block design resulted in higher statistical power than a completely random design, allowing detection of proportional population reductions of 10-20% less with equal replication. Studies aiming to evaluate treatments that reduce spotted lanternfly numbers by less than 60% will require researchers to evaluate the feasibility of using the required large sample sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- D D Calvin
- Office of the Dean, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Corresponding author, e-mail: , phone: (814) 863-9949
| | - J Keller
- Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, 437 Ag Administration Building, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - J Rost
- Department of Horticulture, Penn State Berks Campus, Tulpehocken Road, P.O. Box 7009, Reading, PA 19610, USA
| | - B Walsh
- Penn State Extension Berks County Office, 1238 County Welfare Road # 110, Leesport, PA 19533, USA
| | - D Biddinger
- Fruit Research and Extension Center, P.O. Box 330, Biglerville, PA 17307-0330, USA
| | - K Hoover
- Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, 437 Ag Administration Building, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - B Treichler
- U.S. Army Corp of Engineers, Blue Marsh Lake, 1268 Palisades Drive, Leesport, PA 19533, USA
| | - A Johnson
- Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, 437 Ag Administration Building, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - R T Roush
- Office of the Dean, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
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Keller J, Rost J, Hoover K, Urban J, Leach H, Porras M, Walsh B, Bosold M, Calvin D. Dispersion Patterns and Sample Size Estimates for Egg Masses of Spotted Lanternfly (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae). Environ Entomol 2020; 49:1462-1472. [PMID: 33315076 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvaa107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The spotted lanternfly, Lycorma delicatula (White), is a new invasive pest in the United States. To quantify spotted lanternfly population abundance, one must understand this pest's dispersion pattern, that is, the spatial arrangement of individuals within a population. Spotted lanternflies overwinter in egg masses from late fall to May, making this life stage suitable for population assessments. We measured the dispersion pattern of egg masses at two types of sites: a suburban housing development, where we used individual trees as the sampling unit, and rural woodlots, where we used individual trees and also plots with 5.64 m radius as sampling units. Plots were the same size as those recommended for monitoring the gypsy moth, a well-studied pest with similar egg laying habit to the spotted lanternfly. Egg masses in both sampling units were counted up to a height of 3 m. With trees as the sampling unit, egg masses were aggregated in 12 of 20 rural sampling universes, randomly dispersed at 6, and completely absent at 2. Similar patterns were seen when using the 5.64-m radius rural sampling units and for suburban sampling universes. We calculated sample size requirements for a range of mean densities at a precision of 25 and 30%. Additionally, the vertical distribution of egg masses was characterized on the invasive tree of heaven [Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle], a preferred host for spotted lanternflies. For small trees, there was a positive relationship between number of egg masses in the bottom 3 m of the tree and the total count.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Keller
- Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
| | - J Rost
- Penn State Berks Campus, Reading, PA
| | - K Hoover
- Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
| | - J Urban
- Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
| | - H Leach
- Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
| | - M Porras
- Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
| | - B Walsh
- Penn State Extension Berks County Office, Leesport, PA
| | - M Bosold
- Bosold Landscaping Inc., Mohnton, PA
| | - D Calvin
- Office of the Dean, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
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Hoover K, Hasty A, Kennedy A. Impact of High Fructose and Saturated Fat on Mouse Hepatic Stellate Cell Activation. J Acad Nutr Diet 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2018.08.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Pierro J, Saba C, McLean K, Williams R, Karpuzoglu E, Prater R, Hoover K, Gogal R. Anti-proliferative effect of metformin on a feline injection site sarcoma cell line independent of Mtor inhibition. Res Vet Sci 2017; 114:74-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2017.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Revised: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Tao G, Hoover K, Nye M, Peters P, Gift T, Body B. P09.17 Rectal infection with n. gonorrheaeand c. trachomatisin men in the united states. Br J Vener Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2015-052270.401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Fakile Y, Hoover K, Delaney K, Wesolowski L, Asef C, Sun Y, Park I, Chow J, Schapiro J, Novak S, Philip S, Karem K. 002.5 Evaluation of five rapid point-of-care tests for syphilis: two treponemal only, and three dual treponemal/hiv assays. Br J Vener Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2015-052270.89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Roemer FW, Hayes CW, Miller CG, Hoover K, Guermazi A. Imaging atlas for eligibility and on-study safety of potential knee adverse events in anti-NGF studies (Part 1). Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2015; 23 Suppl 1:S22-42. [PMID: 25527217 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2014.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2014] [Revised: 08/24/2014] [Accepted: 09/07/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies that bind and inhibit nerve growth factor (NGF) have demonstrated both, good analgesic efficacy and improvement in function in patients with osteoarthritis (OA). Despite initial promising data, trials in OA had been suspended by the Federal Food and Drug Administration (FDA) due to concerns over accelerated rates of OA progression. Imaging will play a crucial role in future clinical trials to define eligibility of potential participants and to monitor safety during the course of these studies. This will require baseline and frequent follow-up radiographs of both, the index joints and other large weight bearing joints to identify subjects at risk prior inclusion and on study so treatment can be discontinued. This imaging overview in the form of an atlas describes and illustrates potential exclusionary joint imaging findings at eligibility and potential adverse joint events on radiography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in studies investigating a-NGF compounds. The overarching goal of this atlas is to facilitate trial design and to promote a common language and understanding between potential expert readers. This first section of the atlas will focus on knee joint specific findings that are relevant to a-NGF studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- F W Roemer
- Quantitative Imaging Center (QIC), Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Radiology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - C W Hayes
- Department of Radiology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - C G Miller
- Medical Affairs, BioClinica, Newtown, PA, USA
| | - K Hoover
- Department of Radiology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - A Guermazi
- Quantitative Imaging Center (QIC), Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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Roemer FW, Hayes CW, Miller CG, Hoover K, Guermazi A. Imaging atlas for eligibility and on-study safety of potential hip adverse events in anti-NGF studies (Part 2). Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2015; 23 Suppl 1:S43-58. [PMID: 25527219 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2014.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Revised: 08/26/2014] [Accepted: 09/07/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Recently, nerve growth factor (NGF) inhibitors have been introduced for treatment of osteoarthritis (OA) symptoms, and have shown good analgesic efficacy and improvement in function in patients with OA. However, anti- (a-)NGF trials in OA had been suspended by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) due to concerns over accelerated rates of OA progression and osteonecrosis. Since a-NGF therapies offer potential as the first new class of analgesics for many years, future studies assessing a-NGF compounds will have to follow stringent eligibility criteria and will require a rigorous safety monitoring. Imaging is paramount to identify potential negative outcomes as early as possible. These imaging findings include atrophic OA, osteonecrosis and others at eligibility and especially rapid progressive OA (RPOA) during the course of treatment. This second part of the a-NGF imaging atlas will present specific hip joint imaging findings that are relevant for eligibility and safety and represent potential adverse joint events on radiography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in studies investigating a-NGF compounds. Researchers and clinicians should become familiar with several of these entities, and especially osteonecrosis of the hip and insufficiency fractures are relatively common findings in such a patient population. As several of these diagnoses may only be detected at late stages using radiographic methods, MRI plays an important role in identifying such pathologies early and at potentially still reversible stages before irreversible joint destruction has occurred.
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Affiliation(s)
- F W Roemer
- Quantitative Imaging Center (QIC), Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Radiology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - C W Hayes
- Department of Radiology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - C G Miller
- Medical Affairs, BioClinica, Newtown, PA, USA
| | - K Hoover
- Department of Radiology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - A Guermazi
- Quantitative Imaging Center (QIC), Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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Meng PS, Trotter RT, Keena MA, Baker TC, Yan S, Schwartzberg EG, Hoover K. Effects of pheromone and plant volatile release rates and ratios on trapping Anoplophora glabripennis (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in China. Environ Entomol 2014; 43:1379-1388. [PMID: 25259696 DOI: 10.1603/en14129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Native to China and Korea, the Asian longhorned beetle, Anoplophora glabripennis (Motschulsky) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), is a polyphagous wood-boring pest for which a trapping system would greatly benefit eradication and management programs in both the introduced and native ranges. Over two field seasons, a total of 160 flight intercept panel traps were deployed in Harbin, China, which trapped a total of 65 beetles. In 2012, traps using lures with a 1:1 ratio of the male-produced pheromone components (4-(n-heptyloxy)butanal and 4-(n-heptyloxy)butan-1-ol) designed to release at a rate of 1 or 4 milligram per day per component in conjunction with the plant volatiles (-)-linalool, trans-caryophyllene, and (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol caught significantly more A. glabripennis females than other pheromone release rates, other pheromone ratios, plant volatiles only, and no lure controls. Males were caught primarily in traps baited with plant volatiles only. In 2013, 10× higher release rates of these plant volatiles were tested, and linalool oxide was evaluated as a fourth plant volatile in combination with a 1:1 ratio of the male-produced pheromone components emitted at a rate of 2 milligram per day per component. Significantly more females were trapped using the pheromone with the 10-fold higher three or four plant volatile release rates compared with the plant volatiles only, low four plant volatile + pheromone, and control. Our findings show that the male-produced pheromone in combination with plant volatiles can be used to detect A. glabripennis. Results also indicate that emitters should be monitored during the field season, as release rates fluctuate with environmental conditions and can be strongly influenced by formulation additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- P S Meng
- Department of Entomology and Center for Chemical Ecology, The Pennsylvania State University, 501 ASI Bldg., University Park, PA 16802, USA
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Nehme ME, Trotter RT, Keena MA, McFarland C, Coop J, Hull-Sanders HM, Meng P, De Moraes CM, Mescher MC, Hoover K. Development and evaluation of a trapping system for Anoplophora glabripennis (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in the United States. Environ Entomol 2014; 43:1034-1044. [PMID: 24960252 DOI: 10.1603/en14049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Anoplophora glabripennis (Motschulsky) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), commonly known as the Asian longhorned beetle, is an invasive wood-boring pest that infests a number of hardwood species and causes considerable economic losses in North America, several countries in Europe, and in its native range in Asia. The success of eradication efforts may depend on early detection of introduced populations; however, detection has been limited to identification of tree damage (oviposition pits and exit holes), and the serendipitous collection of adults, often by members of the public. Here we describe the development, deployment, and evaluation of semiochemical-baited traps in the greater Worcester area in Massachusetts. Over 4 yr of trap evaluation (2009-2012), 1013 intercept panel traps were deployed, 876 of which were baited with three different families of lures. The families included lures exhibiting different rates of release of the male-produced A. glabripennis pheromone, lures with various combinations of plant volatiles, and lures with both the pheromone and plant volatiles combined. Overall, 45 individual beetles were captured in 40 different traps. Beetles were found only in traps with lures. In several cases, trap catches led to the more rapid discovery and management of previously unknown areas of infestation in the Worcester county regulated area. Analysis of the spatial distribution of traps and the known infested trees within the regulated area provides an estimate of the relationship between trap catch and beetle pressure exerted on the traps. Studies continue to optimize lure composition and trap placement.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Nehme
- Department of Entomology and Center for Chemical Ecology, The Pennsylvania State University, 501 ASI Building, University Park, PA 16802, USA
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Satterwhite C, Tao G, Altaf E, Tepper N, Hoover K. Post-placental iud placement in the United States, 2009. Contraception 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2013.05.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Hart-Cooper G, Owusu-Edusei K, Chesson H, Hoover K. P3.435 Opt-Out Rectal Screening For Chlamydia and Gonorrhea in Young Men Who Have Sex with Men (YMSM). Br J Vener Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.0885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Hart-Cooper GD, Tao G, Stock J, Hoover K. P3.382 Post-Neonatal Pediatric Circumcision in the United States, 2010. Br J Vener Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.0835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Tao G, Hoover K. O08.5 Should All Pregnant Women Be Screened For Chlamydial Infection as Recommended by CDC, or Only Those Younger Than 25 Years as Recommended by USPSTF? Br J Vener Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.0129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Hoover K, Tao G, Nye M, Body B, Kent C. P1-S6.33 Monitoring chlamydia testing and positivity in the USA using data from a large commercial laboratory corporation, 2008-2010. Br J Vener Dis 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2011-050108.257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Janes G, Beard A, Tao G, Hoover K, Kent C. P1-S6.20 Perinatal Screening for STIs in the USA: adherence to preventive screening recommendations for HIV and syphilis among the commercially insured (2008). Br J Vener Dis 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2011-050108.244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Safran M, Guoyu T, Butler M, Hoover K. P5-S1.02 Sexual risk behaviours and mental health concerns among HIV-infected MSM. Br J Vener Dis 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2011-050108.531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Hoover K, Tao G, Body B, Nye M, Kent C. O1-S01.04 Suboptimal repeat testing of women with positive chlamydia tests in the USA, 2008-2010. Br J Vener Dis 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2011-050109.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Kent C, Tao G, Hoover K, Body B, Nye M. P1-S6.22 Characteristics of chlamydia testing by a large commercial laboratory corporation, USA, 2008-2010. Br J Vener Dis 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2011-050108.246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Tao G, Hoover K, Romaguera R, Kent C. P5-S7.08 Assessment of chlamydia testing coverage using HEDIS data: USA, 2009. Br J Vener Dis 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2011-050108.603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Tao G, Hoover K, Body B, Nye M, Kent C. O1-S07.05 Rare event: rectal specimen collection from males for chlamydial infection in the USA. Br J Vener Dis 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2011-050109.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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McNeil J, Cox-Foster D, Gardner M, Slavicek J, Thiem S, Hoover K. Pathogenesis of Lymantria dispar multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus in L. dispar and mechanisms of developmental resistance. J Gen Virol 2010; 91:1590-600. [DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.018952-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Nehme ME, Keena MA, Zhang A, Baker TC, Xu Z, Hoover K. Evaluating the use of male-produced pheromone components and plant volatiles in two trap designs to monitor Anoplophora glabripennis. Environ Entomol 2010; 39:169-176. [PMID: 20146854 DOI: 10.1603/en09177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Anoplophora glabripennis (Motschulsky) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), commonly known as the Asian longhorned beetle, is a wood-boring invasive species introduced from Asia to North America and Europe in solid wood packing material. Efficient monitoring traps are needed to assess population density and dispersal in the field and to detect new introductions at ports of entry. For this purpose, we conducted field trapping experiments in China in the summers of 2007 and 2008. In 2007, we tested Intercept panel traps hung on poplar trees. In 2008, we used Intercept panel traps hung on poplar trees, screen sleeve traps wrapped around poplar trunks, and Intercept panel traps hung on bamboo poles 20 m away from host trees. Traps were baited with A. glabripennis male-produced pheromone alone or in different combinations with plant volatiles. Traps baited with the male-produced pheromone alone caught significantly more females than control traps in both years. The addition of a mixture of (-)-linalool, (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol, linalool oxide, trans-caryophyllene, and trans-pinocarveol to the pheromone significantly increased trap catches of females, 85% of which were virgin. Screen sleeve traps baited with a combination of (-)-linalool and the pheromone caught the highest number of beetles overall in 2008, whereas traps placed on bamboo polls caught the lowest number. Although the logistics for the most effective implementation of a trapping program using a mixture of the pheromone and plant volatiles require additional studies, these results indicate that this pheromone has considerable promise as a monitoring tool for A. glabripennis in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Nehme
- Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
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Nehme ME, Keena MA, Zhang A, Baker TC, Hoover K. Attraction of Anoplophora glabripennis to male-produced pheromone and plant volatiles. Environ Entomol 2009; 38:1745-1755. [PMID: 20021771 DOI: 10.1603/022.038.0628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The male-produced pheromone of Anoplophora glabripennis (Motschulsky) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), which is an equal blend of 4-(n-heptyloxy)butan-1-ol and 4-(n-heptyloxy)butanal, was used in laboratory bioassays and in the greenhouse to determine its potential for attracting A. glabripennis adults. In modified "walking wind tunnels," virgin females were most attracted to the alcohol component, and virgin males were repelled by the pheromone blend at the lowest and highest amounts offered. Y-tube olfactometer bioassays also showed that females were significantly more attracted to the pheromone and its components than males were. However, males were more attracted to plant volatiles than females. Of 12 plant volatiles tested, delta-3-carene and (E)-caryophyllene were highly attractive to males, whereas (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate was repellent to males. Combining the male pheromone blend with (-)-linalool alone or with (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol attracted significantly more males than did the pheromone alone. We tested four trap designs in our quarantine greenhouse with eight different lures. The Intercept Panel traps and the hand-made screen sleeve traps caught more beetles than the Plum Curculio traps and Lindgren funnel traps. Intercept traps worked best when baited with male blend and (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol, whereas screen sleeve traps were most attractive when baited with (-)-linalool. Our findings provide evidence of the attractiveness of the A. glabripennis male-produced pheromone and suggest that it has a role in mate-finding. It is also a first step toward the development of an efficient trap design and lure combination to monitor A. glabripennis infestations in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Nehme
- Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
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Krewski D, Burnett RT, Goldberg M, Hoover K, Siemiatycki J, Abrahamowicz M, White W. Reanalysis of the Harvard Six Cities Study, part I: validation and replication. Inhal Toxicol 2005; 17:335-42. [PMID: 16020032 DOI: 10.1080/08958370590929402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Because the results of the Harvard Six Cities Study played a critical role in the establishment of the current U.S. ambient air quality objective for fine particles (PM(2.5)), the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, industry, and nongovernmental organizations called for an independent reanalysis of this study to validate the original findings reported by Dockery and colleagues in the New England Journal of Medicine (vol. 329, pp. 1753-1759) in 1993. Validation of the original findings was accomplished by a detailed statistical audit and replication of original results. With the exception of occupational exposure to dust (14 discrepancies of 249 questionnaires located for evaluation) and fumes (15/249), date of death (2/250), and cause of death (2/250), the audit identified no discrepancies between the original questionnaires and death certificates in the audit sample and the analytic file used by the original investigators. The data quality audit identified a computer programming problem that had resulted in early censorship in 5 of the 6 cities, which resulted in the loss of approximately 1% of the reported person-years of follow-up; the reanalysis team updated the Six Cities cohort to include the missing person-years of observation, resulting in the addition of 928 person-years of observation and 14 deaths. The reanalysis team was able to reproduce virtually all of the original numerical results, including the 26% increase in all-cause mortality in the most polluted city (Stubenville, OH) as compared to the least polluted city (Portage, WI). The audit and validation of the Harvard Six Cities Study conducted by the reanalysis team generally confirmed the quality of the data and the numerical results reported by the original investigators. The discrepancies noted during the audit were not of epidemiologic importance, and did not substantively alter the original risk estimates associated with particulate air pollution, nor the main conclusions reached by the original investigators.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Krewski
- McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, Institute for Population Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
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Krewski D, Burnett RT, Goldberg M, Hoover K, Siemiatycki J, Abrahamowicz M, Villeneuve PJ, White W. Reanalysis of the Harvard Six Cities Study, part II: sensitivity analysis. Inhal Toxicol 2005; 17:343-53. [PMID: 16020033 DOI: 10.1080/08958370590929439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Following the validation and replication of the Harvard Six Cities Study (Krewski et al., this issue), we conducted a wide range of sensitivity analyses to explore the observed associations between long-term exposure to fine particle or sulfate air pollution and mortality. We examined the impact of alternative risk models on estimates of risk, taking into account covariates not included in the original analyses. These risk models provided a basis for identifying covariates that may confound or modify the association between fine particle or sulfate air pollution and mortality, and for identifying sensitive population subgroups. The possibility of confounding due to occupational exposures was also investigated. Residence histories were coded for the study subjects and were used to examine temporal patterns of exposure and risk. Our sensitivity analyses showed the mortality risk estimates for fine particle and sulfate air pollution to be highly robust against alternative risk models of the Cox proportional hazards family, including models with additional covariates from the original questionnaires not included in the original published analyses. There was limited evidence of departures from the proportional hazards assumption. Flexible exposure-response models provided some evidence of departures from linearity at both low and high sulfate concentrations. Incorporating information on changes over time in cigarette smoking and body mass index had little effect on the association between fine particles and mortality. There was limited evidence of variation in risk with attained age, gender, smoking status, occupational exposure to dust and fumes, marital status, heart or lung diseases, or lung function. However, air pollution risk did appear to decreasing with increasing educational attainment. Extensive adjustment for occupation using aggregate indices of occupational "dirtiness" and occupational exposure to known lung carcinogens had little impact on the mortality risks associated with particulate air pollution. Our evaluation of population mobility indicated that relatively few subjects moved from their original city of residence. Attempts to identify critical exposure time windows were limited by the lack of marked interindividual variation in temporal exposure patterns throughout the study period. Overall, this extensive sensitivity analysis both supported the conclusions reached by the original investigators and demonstrated the robustness of these conclusions to alternative analytic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Krewski
- McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, Institute for Population Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
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Kleeff J, Shi X, Bode HP, Hoover K, Shrikhande S, Bryant PJ, Korc M, Büchler MW, Friess H. Altered expression and localization of the tight junction protein ZO-1 in primary and metastatic pancreatic cancer. Pancreas 2001; 23:259-65. [PMID: 11590321 DOI: 10.1097/00006676-200110000-00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION ZO-1 is a tight junction membrane protein that plays a critical role in cell-cell interaction, proliferation, and differ entiation. AIM To localize and evaluate the expression of ZO-1 in the normal human pancreas, in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), and in chronic pancreatitis (CP). METHODOLOGY AND RESULTS Northern and Western blot analysis revealed ZO-1 expression in all six tested pancreatic cancer cell lines. Expression of ZO-1 mRNA was increased sixfold in PDAC samples in comparison with normal samples (p = 0.04). Confocal microscopy revealed the presence of ZO-1 in the apical and apicolateral areas of ductular cells in the normal pancreas. Similarly, in CP, ZO-1 was localized at apical and apicolateral areas of small proliferating ductular cells and large metaplastic ducts. In PDAC, however, ZO-1 expression was observed irrespective of whether the cancer cells formed duct-like structures or exhibited a diffuse infiltrating pattern. Metastatic pancreatic cancer cells within lymph nodes displayed variable staining patterns, ranging from apical and apicolateral to a diffuse membranous staining. CONCLUSION These observations suggest that ZO-1 is overexpressed in PDAC and raise the possibility that this overexpression may confer a metastatic advantage to pancreatic cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kleeff
- Department of Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Bern, Switzerland
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Hoover K, Washburn JO, Volkman LE. Midgut-based resistance of Heliothis virescens to baculovirus infection mediated by phytochemicals in cotton. J Insect Physiol 2000; 46:999-1007. [PMID: 10802113 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-1910(99)00211-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The decrease in susceptibility to polyhedrosis disease when Heliothis virescens larvae feed on cotton is profound, limiting the utility of baculoviruses for controlling noctuids on this important crop. We observed that the mortalities of H. virescens larvae challenged with a reporter-gene construct of Autographa californica M nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV-hsp70/lacZ) and fed either lettuce or artificial diet were approximately 2.5-fold higher than that of cotton-fed insects. This decrease in susceptibility on cotton was observed following oral but not intrahemocoelic inoculation of virus, and it was negatively correlated with levels of foliar peroxidase. The rates of development of both infected and uninfected larvae also were correlated negatively with levels of foliar peroxidase, and hence, were significantly lower for insects fed cotton. When Calcofluor White M2R, an optical brightener reported to enhance the retention of AcMNPV-infected midgut cells, was included in inoculum administered orally to larvae, mortality levels were equivalent regardless of diet. These results suggest that sloughing of infected midgut cells occurred at a higher rate in insects that fed on cotton compared to the other two diets, and that midgut cell sloughing is the mechanism whereby susceptibility to mortal infection by AcMNPV-hsp70/lacZ is decreased on cotton. This conclusion is consistent with previous reports that ingestion of cotton can generate reactive oxygen species within the midgut lumen that may damage midgut epithelial cells. As far as we know, this is the first study to link resistance intrinsic to the physiology of the insect (e.g., developmental resistance) and resistance conferred by host plant chemistry to a single mechanism, i.e., midgut cell sloughing.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Hoover
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, 251 Koshland Hall, University of California, Berkeley, USA
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Hoover K. Breast pain during lactation that resolved with fluconazole: two case studies. J Hum Lact 1999; 15:98-9. [PMID: 10578783 DOI: 10.1177/089033449901500205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Hakaim AG, Cunningham L, White JL, Hoover K. Selective type III phosphodiesterase inhibition prevents elevated compartment pressure after ischemia/reperfusion injury. J Trauma 1999; 46:869-72. [PMID: 10338405 DOI: 10.1097/00005373-199905000-00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A new synthetic cyclic adenosine monophosphate phosphodiesterase inhibitor, cilostazol, has been shown to inhibit platelet aggregation and act synergistically with endogenous prostaglandin I2 to enhance smooth-muscle cell vasodilitation. The effect of cilostazol in ischemia/reperfusion injury-induced compartment syndrome was investigated. METHODS Sixteen rabbits underwent femoral artery occlusion after ligation of branches from the terminal aorta to the femoral artery. After 7 hours of ischemia, reperfusion was established with heparinized polyethylene shunts. Experimental animals (n = 8) received cilostazol (3.0 mg/kg) and control animals (n = 8) received normal saline as an intravenous infusion 10 minutes before shunt placement. During reperfusion, anterior compartment pressure was continuously monitored in the left lower extremity, and femoral artery blood flow was measured by laser Doppler fluorometry. To quantitate skeletal muscle oxidative metabolism and viability, triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) reduction (micrograms of TTC per milligram of protein) of tibialis anterior muscle from the right lower extremity was measured at femoral artery occlusion, 7 hours of ischemia, and 2 hours of reperfusion. To assess tissue edema, dry/wet weight ratios were also determined at these intervals. Data were expressed as means +/- SE. Comparisons within groups were performed by analysis of variance, and comparisons between groups with two-tailed unpaired t tests. RESULTS At 2 hours of reperfusion, the difference between controls and cilostazol-treated animals was extremely significant (p = 0.0008). Preischemia and 2-hour reperfusion TTC and dry/wet weight ratios were not significantly different within or between experimental groups, nor was femoral artery blood flow during reperfusion. CONCLUSION Cilostazol inhibits the increase in compartment pressure central to the development of the compartment syndrome. The mechanism appears to be independent of altered tissue permeability or oxidative metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- A G Hakaim
- Boston University School of Medicine, Massachusetts, USA.
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Hoover K. Health insurance and access to primary care for children. N Engl J Med 1998; 339:51. [PMID: 9660690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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McCutchen BF, Hoover K, Preisler HK, Betana MD, Herrmann R, Robertson JL, Hammock BD. Interactions of recombinant and wild-type baculoviruses with classical insecticides and pyrethroid-resistant tobacco budworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). J Econ Entomol 1997; 90:1170-1180. [PMID: 9374595 DOI: 10.1093/jee/90.5.1170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
In tests with neonate Heliothis virescens (F.), we characterized interactions of all combinations of a recombinant Autographa californica (Speyer) nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcAaIT) that expresses an insect-selective neurotoxin (AaIT) and wild-type AcNPV when combined with low concentrations of several conventional insecticides. All combinations of the recombinant virus AcAaIT and insecticides showed a positive interaction (decrease in the median lethal time (LT50) compared with the LT50 for either component alone). A type II pyrethroid (cypermethrin, which modifies currents of sodium channels) and a carbamate (methomyl, an inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase) were synergistic in combination with AcAaIT. Other insecticides also showed a positive interaction when tested in combination with the recombinant virus, but joint activity was slightly antagonistic (i.e., less than predicted activity when combined) with wild-type AcNPV. We also characterized the effectiveness of AcAaIT against pyrethroid-resistant H. virescens larvae. Our results show that a resistant strain of H. virescens is more sensitive to the recombinant virus compared with a susceptible strain. Results of these studies should be useful in planning of future field trials to increase the effectiveness of nuclear polyhedrosis viruses and to manage resistance to pyrethroids and other insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- B F McCutchen
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Davis 95616, USA
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Hoover K, Schultz CM, Lane SS, Bonning BC, Hammock BD, Duffey SS. Effects of diet-age and streptomycin on virulence of Autographa californica M nucleopolyhedrovirus against the tobacco budworm. J Invertebr Pathol 1997; 69:46-50. [PMID: 9028927 DOI: 10.1006/jipa.1996.4620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Addition of the antibiotic streptomycin to two artificial diets routinely used in bioassays of neonate lar vae of Heliothis virescens (tobacco budworm) infected with Autographa californica M nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) increased lethal times of the virus. After storage of diets for 3 weeks at 4 degrees C, lethal times of infected larvae were significantly slower compared to those for larvae bioassayed using diets stored for 2 weeks or less. The effect of diet-age on rate of mortality was not the result of a change in total protein content or pH of the diet, but was apparently the result of some other alteration in the quality of the diet (e.g. microbial spoilage, palatibility, and/or nutritional value unrelated to total protein). Although we did not determine why lethal times were slower in response to streptomycin concentration or diet-age, we did find that slower lethal times were correlated with slower relative growth rates (RGR) of infected larvae. In addition, RGR of infected larvae decreased as a function of increasing streptomycin concentration, diet-age, and the interaction of the two factors. These results demonstrate that it is difficult to obtain consistent and comparable bioassay results if antibiotic composition and diet-age are not controlled. We suggest a standardized diet or highly standardized procedures for a given diet be developed that permits comparison of bioassays among and within laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Hoover
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Davis, California, 95616, USA
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Hoover K. Visual assessment of the baby's wide open mouth. J Hum Lact 1996; 12:9. [PMID: 8715228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Dysken M, Hoover K. 650 Noncholinergic agents in Alzheimer's dementia. Neurobiol Aging 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/s0197-4580(96)80652-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Bonning BC, Hoover K, Duffey S, Hammock BD. Production of polyhedra of the Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus using the Sf21 and Tn5B1-4 cell lines and comparison with host-derived polyhedra by bioassay. J Invertebr Pathol 1995; 66:224-30. [PMID: 8568278 DOI: 10.1006/jipa.1995.1093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Both wild-type and recombinant baculoviruses are becoming more attractive for the control of insect pests. Thus, there is an increased incentive to address and resolve logistical problems associated with large-scale production of these viruses. In this study, we have compared the potential of two insect cell lines, Tn5B1-4 and Sf21, for the production of polyhedra and compared the efficacy of both cell culture-derived and host-derived viruses by bioassay. The efficacy of both wild-type AcMNPV and AcAaIT, a recombinant baculovirus expressing an insect-specific scorpion toxin, were compared. Yields of polyhedra from Tn5B1-4 were sixfold higher than those from the cell line Sf21. Morphological analysis of polyhedra derived from cell culture showed greater variability in size relative to host-derived polyhedra. The maximum size of cell culture-derived polyhedra was over 1.5 times larger than that of insect-derived polyhedra. The efficacy of AcMNPV and AcAaIT derived from cell culture, or from amplification in larvae of Trichoplusia ni or Heliothis virescens, was compared by bioassay in H. virescens. There was a significant difference between the slopes for lethal time data for host-derived and cell culture-derived wild-type virus. Mortality occurred at a faster rate following infection with host-derived virus. No significant difference was seen for the recombinant virus AcAaIT. Lethal doses of cell- and host-derived polyhedra were not significantly different. The reasons for and implications of this for pest control are discussed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- B C Bonning
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Davis, USA
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Marques C, Geraty R, Harbin H, Hoover K, Theis J. Quality & access in the managed behavioral healthcare industry. Behav Healthc Tomorrow 1994; 3:22-9. [PMID: 10141166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Building on a study of the costs of behavioral healthcare under managed care first released in the March/April, 1994 issue of this journal, the American Managed Behavioral Healthcare Association has now turned its attention to two other fundamental issues in healthcare reform: access and quality. The following study presents data indicating how managed behavioral healthcare plans assure quality and access in such areas as response time, accreditation, provider credentialing, patient satisfaction and outcomes measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Marques
- Green Spring Health Services, Inc., USA
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Bleasby A, Griffiths P, Hines D, Marshall S, Staniford L, Hoover K, Kristofferson D. The BIOSCI newsgroups--computer networks changing biology. Trends Biochem Sci 1993; 18:310-1. [PMID: 8236447 DOI: 10.1016/0968-0004(93)90043-m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A Bleasby
- SERC Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, Lancashire, UK
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Bleasby A, Griffiths P, Harper R, Hines D, Hoover K, Kristofferson D, Marshall S, O'Reilly N, Sundvall M. Electronic communications and the new biology. Nucleic Acids Res 1992; 20:4127-8. [PMID: 1508706 PMCID: PMC334115 DOI: 10.1093/nar/20.16.4127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Bleasby
- SERC Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, UK
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Swanson ME, Martin MJ, O'Donnell JK, Hoover K, Lago W, Huntress V, Parsons CT, Pinkert CA, Pilder S, Logan JS. Production of functional human hemoglobin in transgenic swine. Nat Biotechnol 1992; 10:557-9. [PMID: 1368235 DOI: 10.1038/nbt0592-557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A construct containing the locus control region (LCR) from the human beta globin locus together with two copies of the human alpha 1 gene and a single copy of the human beta A gene was used to obtain three transgenic pigs. The transgenic pigs are healthy, not anemic, and grow at a rate comparable to non-transgenic littermates. All animals expressed the human genes. However, alpha globin was consistently expressed at higher levels than beta globin. Isolation of the human hemoglobin from both porcine hemoglobin and other non-hemoglobin proteins was accomplished by ion exchange chromatography. The purified porcine derived human hemoglobin exhibited an oxygen affinity similar to that of human derived human hemoglobin.
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Hoover K. Institutional strategies to enhance nursing's image during Nurses Week. Fla Nurse 1992; 40:9. [PMID: 1563528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Hoover K, Sanders EM, Colin JM. Working with people: what's right with grievances? Fla Nurse 1991; 39:19. [PMID: 1955042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Hoover K, Sanders EM, Colin JM. What's right about grievances? Am J Nurs 1990; 90:45-6. [PMID: 2240075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K Hoover
- Innovative Health Care Services, Boca Raton, FL
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Fullerton FR, Hoover K, Mikol YB, Creasia DA, Poirier LA. The inhibition by methionine and choline of liver carcinoma formation in male C3H mice dosed with diethylnitrosamine and fed phenobarbital. Carcinogenesis 1990; 11:1301-5. [PMID: 2387015 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/11.8.1301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability of the dietary methyl donors methionine and choline to inhibit the carcinogenic and tumor-promoting effects of phenobarbital (PB) in the livers of male weanling C3H mice was examined. The mice were fed a commercial rodent diet with or without 0.05% PB. Thirty animals from each set received the diet with either: (1) no dietary supplementation, (2) an additional 1.0% choline chloride, (3) 1.5% DL-methionine or (4) both 1.5% DL-methionine and 1.0% choline chloride. Additional groups of 30 animals with the same eight dietary and PB-treatment regimens described above were given a single initiating dose of 150 mg diethylnitrosamine (DENA)/kg body wt dissolved in saline, or the saline solution only, 1 week prior to the start of PB feeding. The 16 treatment groups were fed their respective diets for 12 months. Statistical trend analysis showed that increasing levels of supplemental methyl donors gave highly significant protection in PB-treated mice (P less than 0.01). The incidence of liver carcinomas in the four dietary groups not receiving PB or DENA varied from 0 to 7%. The PB-treated animals not receiving an initiating dose of DENA developed hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) at incidences of 79% in group 1 animals, 74% in group 2 animals, 60% in group 3 animals, and 31% in group 2 animals respectively. Thus, incidence of HCCs in group 4 was significantly lower than in groups 1, 2 or 3 (P less than 0.01). However, the total incidence of liver tumors (adenomas plus carcinomas) was about the same in all DENA or PB-treated groups. Thus, dietary supplementation with methyl donors increased the proportion of animals bearing liver adenomas as their most advanced hepatic lesion in PB-treated mice. In DENA-treated mice fed PB, dietary supplementation with methionine and choline protected against the formation of liver carcinomas (P less than 0.02); however, methionine and choline had no significant effect on liver tumor formation in mice fed the PB-free diets. Methionine and choline supplementation gave significant protection against HCC metastases in the lungs of the tumor-bearing mice in groups initiated with DENA followed by PB promotion. These results support the hypothesis that PB exerts it tumorigenic activity in mice at least in part through a physiological insufficiency of labile methyl groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- F R Fullerton
- National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, AR 72079
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