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Simon L, Abdul Salam AA, Madan Kumar S, Shilpa T, Srinivasan KK, Byrappa K. Synthesis, anticancer, structural, and computational docking studies of 3-benzylchroman-4-one derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:5284-5290. [PMID: 29074256 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A series of 3-Benzylchroman-4-ones were synthesized and screened for anticancer activity by MTT assay. The compounds were evaluated against two cancerous cell lines BT549 (human breast carcinoma), HeLa (human cervical carcinoma), and one noncancerous cell line vero (normal kidney epithelial cells). 3b was found to be the most active molecule against BT549 cells (IC50 = 20.1 µM) and 3h against HeLa cells (IC50 = 20.45 µM). 3b also exhibited moderate activity against HeLa cells (IC50 = 42.8 µM). The molecular structures of 3h and 3i were solved by single crystal X-ray crystallographic technique. Additionally, the molecular docking studies between the tumour suppressor protein p53 with the lead compound 3h, which exhibited better anticancer activity against HeLa cells was examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalitha Simon
- Department of Chemistry, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal University, Manipal 576 104, India
| | - Abdul Ajees Abdul Salam
- Department of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal University, Manipal 576 104, India.
| | - S Madan Kumar
- PURSE Lab, Mangalagangotri, Mangalore University, Mangalore 574 199, India
| | - T Shilpa
- Department of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal University, Manipal 576 104, India
| | - K K Srinivasan
- Department of Chemistry, Shri Madhwa Vadiraja Institute of Technology and Management, Vishwothama Nagar, Bantakal, Udupi 576 115, India
| | - K Byrappa
- Department of Material Science, Mangalagangotri, Mangalore University, Mangalore 574 199, India
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Joseph L, Aranjani JM, Pai KSR, Srinivasan KK. Promising anticancer activities of Justicia simplex D. Don. in cellular and animal models. J Ethnopharmacol 2017; 199:231-239. [PMID: 28163117 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.01.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Justicia simplex D. Don. belonging to the family of Acanthaceae has been traditionally used for treatment of rheumatism, inflammation and bronchitis. The plant is traditionally considered as an anticancer medicine and is used by healers of Karnataka to treat various types of cancers. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study aims at the elucidation of anticancer activity of various extracts of J. simplex, isolation of its active constituents and assessment of the role in growth inhibition and angiogenesis both in vitro and in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS Extracts of J. simplex was evaluated for the in vitro cytotoxic effect by Brine Shrimp Lethality assay, Trypan Blue dye exclusion assay and antiproliferative assay. In vivo cytotoxicity of the extracts were determined by liquid tumor model in Swiss albino mice. Tumor prognosis, metastasis and angiogenesis were assessed by VEGF expression of the solid tumor. Phytochemical analysis afforded the isolation of a compound, the chemical structure of which was established using IR, NMR and TOF-MS spectral method. The compound was also evaluated for the growth inhibitory and angiogenic effects. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION The petroleum ether extract revealed potent anticancer activity in in vitro and in vivo studies. The anti-angiogenic effect is due to the down regulation of VEGF expression. The growth inhibitory assay revealed that the isolated compound namely triacontanoic ester of 5''-hydroxyjustisolin is responsible for the anticancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Litty Joseph
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Cheruvandoor Campus, Ettumanoor PO, Kottayam 686631, Kerala, India.
| | - Jesil Mathew Aranjani
- Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | | | - K K Srinivasan
- Department of Chemistry, Shri Madhwa Vadiraja Institute of Technology and Management, Bantakal, Udupi 574115, Karnataka, India
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Shoja MH, Reddy ND, Nayak PG, Biswas S, Srinivasan KK, Rao CM. In vitro mechanistic and in vivo anti-tumor studies of Glycosmis pentaphylla (Retz.) DC against breast cancer. J Ethnopharmacol 2016; 186:159-168. [PMID: 27058632 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 04/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Glycosmis pentaphylla (Retz.) DC (Rutaceae) has been traditionally used for the treatment of rheumatism, cancer, liver disorders, inflammation etc. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study is aimed at elucidating the effect of Glycosmis pentaphylla (Retz.) DC on the key markers of apoptosis, metastasis and angiogenesis, in vitro. The study also evaluated the effect of fractions in vivo in DMBA-induced mammary tumor model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fractions of Glycosmis pentaphylla (Retz.) DC leaf extracts was studied for their effect on apoptotic markers in breast cancer cell lines, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. They were also studied for their effect on metastatic and angiogenic markers, MMP-9 and HIF-1α in MCF-7 cells. The fractions were studied in vivo in DMBA-induced mammary tumor model in Sprague Dawley rats. RESULTS The studies showed that the fractions induced apoptosis in breast cancer cells through the intrinsic/mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. The fractions were also able to inhibit the metastatic and angiogenic markers, MMP-9 and HIF-1α. Anti-tumor studies in DMBA-induced mammary model in Sprague Dawley rats also showed favorable results.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Shoja
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Karnataka 576104, India.
| | - Neetinkumar D Reddy
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Karnataka 576104, India.
| | - Pawan G Nayak
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Karnataka 576104, India.
| | - Subhankar Biswas
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Karnataka 576104, India.
| | - K K Srinivasan
- Department of Chemistry, Shri Madhwa Vadiraja Institute of Technology and Management, Bantakal, Udupi 574115, Karnataka, India.
| | - C Mallikarjuna Rao
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Karnataka 576104, India.
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Simon L, Srinivasan KK, Kumar N, Reddy ND, Biswas S, Rao CM, Moorkoth S. Selected novel 5'-amino-2'-hydroxy-1, 3-diaryl-2-propen-1-ones arrest cell cycle of HCT-116 in G0/G1 phase. EXCLI J 2016; 15:21-32. [PMID: 27152112 PMCID: PMC4849104 DOI: 10.17179/excli2015-610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
A series of 5'-amino-2'-hydroxy-1,3-diaryl-2-propen-1-ones (AC1-AC15) were synthesized by Claisen-Schmidt condensation of 5'-acetamido-2'-hydroxy acetophenone with various substituted aromatic aldehydes. The synthesized compounds were characterized by FTIR, 1H NMR and mass spectrometry and evaluated for their selective cytotoxicity using MTT assay on two cancer cell lines namely breast cancer cell line (MCF-7), colon cancer cell line (HCT-116) and one normal kidney epithelial cell line (Vero). Among the tested compounds, AC-10 showed maximum cytotoxic effect on MCF-7 cell line with IC50 value 74.7 ± 3.5 µM. On HCT-116 cells, AC-13 exhibited maximum cytotoxicity with IC50 value 42.1 ± 4.0 µM followed by AC-14 and AC-10 with IC50 values 62 ± 2.3 µM and 95.4 ± 1.7 µM respectively. All tested compounds were found to be safe on Vero cell line with IC50 value more than 200 µM. Based on their highest efficacy on HCT-116, AC-10, AC-13 and AC-14 were selected for mechanistic study on this cell line by evaluating changes nucleomorphological characteristics using acridine orange-ethidium bromide (AOEB) dual stain and by analyzing cell cycle with flow cytometry using propidium iodide stain. In AOEB staining, all three tested compounds showed significant (p < 0.05) increase in percentage apoptotic nuclei compared to control cells, with highest increase in apoptotic nuclei by AC-13 treatment (31 %). Flow cytometric studies showed cell cycle arrest by AC-10 and AC-14 treatment in G0/G1 phase and by AC-13 in G0/G1 and G2/M phase. The study reflected the potential of AC-10, AC-13 and AC-14 to be the lead molecules for further optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalitha Simon
- Department of Chemistry, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal University, Manipal, 576 104, India
| | - K K Srinivasan
- Department of Chemistry, Shri Madhwa Vadiraja Institute of Technology & Management, (affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belgaum), Bantakal, Udupi, 574115, India
| | - Nitesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, 576 104, India
| | - Neetinkumar D Reddy
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, 576 104, India
| | - Subhankar Biswas
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, 576 104, India
| | - C Mallikarjuna Rao
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, 576 104, India
| | - Sudheer Moorkoth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, 576 104, India
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Snehunsu A, Ghosal C, Kandwal M, Yadav PK, Nayak BS, Rao KR, Kamath SU, Sahoo P, Srinivasan KK, Naduvil Narayanan S, Kumar S, Joseph A. 1-Triacontanol cerotate; isolated from Marsilea quadrifolia Linn. ameliorates reactive oxidative damage in the frontal cortex and hippocampus of chronic epileptic rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2015; 172:80-84. [PMID: 26117530 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Revised: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Marsilea quadrifolia Linn. (MQ) has been used for insomnia and epileptic disorders in traditional Indian medicine. The present study is to isolate the active component responsible for antiepileptic property of MQ by evaluating its ability to minimize the reactive oxidative damage in brain due to chronic epilepsy in rat. MATERIALS AND METHODS 1-Triacontanol cerotate (1TAC) was isolated after chromatography on a silica gel from dried petroleum ether fraction of methanolic extract of MQ. Acute oral toxicity studies of 1TAC were carried out and efficacy of 1TAC on malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduced glutathione (GSH) production in different brain areas of chronic pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) induced epileptic rats were evaluated. RESULTS Our results showed that PTZ-kindled chronic epileptic rats had an increase MDA and decreased GSH concentration in the frontal cortex as well as hippocampus, compared to the normal control. MDA and GSH concentrations in those brain areas were normalized after treatment with sodium valproate (SV) in 200 mg kg(-1)bw; as well as 1TAC in 40 and 80 mg kg(-1)bw doses. CONCLUSION Production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is known to worsen epileptogenesis. The isolated component 1TAC which reduced the reactive oxidative damage in hippocampus and frontal cortex of PTZ kindled rats could be responsible for antiepileptic property of MQ. Its action is found to be dose dependent, with 80 mg kg(-1)bw showing even better efficacy than 200 mg kg(-1)bw of SV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adhikari Snehunsu
- Department of Physiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal, India
| | - Chitrini Ghosal
- Department of Biochemistry, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal, India
| | - Mamta Kandwal
- Department of Physiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal, India
| | - Pramod K Yadav
- Department of Biochemistry, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal, India
| | - B Satheesha Nayak
- Department of Anatomy, Melaka Manipal Medical College (Manipal Campus), Manipal University, Manipal, India
| | - K Raghavendra Rao
- Department of Physiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal, India
| | - Shobha U Kamath
- Department of Biochemistry, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal, India
| | - Pabitra Sahoo
- Department of Statistics, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Cochin, India
| | - K K Srinivasan
- Department of Chemistry, Shri Madhwa Vadiraja Institute of Technology and Management, Bantakal, India
| | - Sareesh Naduvil Narayanan
- Department of Physiology, Melaka Manipal Medical College (Manipal Campus), Manipal University, Manipal, India
| | - Shiva Kumar
- Department of Physiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal, India
| | - Alex Joseph
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Science, Manipal University, Manipal, India.
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Shoja MH, Reddy ND, Nayak PG, Srinivasan KK, Rao CM. Glycosmis pentaphylla (Retz.) DC arrests cell cycle and induces apoptosis via caspase-3/7 activation in breast cancer cells. J Ethnopharmacol 2015; 168:50-60. [PMID: 25839119 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.03.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Revised: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Glycosmis pentaphylla (Retz.) DC belonging to the family Rutaceae has been traditionally used for the treatment of rheumatism, anaemia, jaundice, skin diseases, bronchitis etc. The plant is traditionally considered as anti-cancer medicine and used by the healers of Bangladesh to treat all types of cancers. Perhaps the key to many of its medicinal applications is its inherent anti-inflammatory property. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study is aimed at evaluating the effect of various fractions of G. pentaphylla (Retz.) DC leaves on the cell cycle and apoptosis of breast cancer cells viz. MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231. MATERIALS AND METHODS Various extracts and fractions of the leaves of G. pentaphylla (Retz.) DC were studied for their cytotoxicity with the help of Sulforhodamine B assay, in MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 and Vero cell lines. The most active fractions were studied for their effect on the cell cycle of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Apoptotic studies were done using Hoechst staining, DNA fragmentation, Annexin V staining and caspase-3/7 activation assay in breast cancer cells. HPLC and HPTLC profiling of the active fractions were done. RESULTS HPTLC and HPLC profiling revealed the presence of lupeol, chrysin, quercetin, β-sitosterol and kaempferol as components in active fractions. Lupeol and chrysin are being reported in this plant for the first time. The studies showed that the selected fractions possess cell cycle inhibitory and apoptosis inducing effect on both MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Apoptotic effect of the fractions on MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells may be through the mitochondrial pathway by the activation of caspase-3/7.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Shoja
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Neetinkumar D Reddy
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Pawan G Nayak
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - K K Srinivasan
- Department of Chemistry, Shri Madhwa Vadiraja Institute of Technology and Management, Bantakal, Udupi 574115, Karnataka, India
| | - C Mallikarjuna Rao
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India.
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Sanghai DB, Kumar SV, Srinivasan KK, Aswatharam HN, Shreedhara CS. Pharmacognostic and phytochemical investigation of the leaves of Malvastrum coromandelianum (L.) Garcke. Anc Sci Life 2014; 33:39-44. [PMID: 25161329 PMCID: PMC4140020 DOI: 10.4103/0257-7941.134596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Malvastrum coromandelianum belongs to the family Malvaceae, commonly known as false mallow. Ethnobotanical survey revealed that it is used to treat various disorders. Pharmacological screening revealed that the plant possess antinoceceptive, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antibacterial activities. Lack of standardization parameters for herbal raw material is a great hindrance in ensuring the purity of M. coromandelianum. The present work was taken up to with a focus to set standardization parameters for M. coromandelianum. Materials and Methods: The plant was subjected to macroscopic and microscopic studies. Physicochemical parameters such as ash value and extractive value were determined by standard procedures. Different extracts were screened for the presence of secondary metabolites. Phenolic and flavonoid contents were estimated. Plant was subjected for high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) analysis using standard chromatographic procedure. Result: The microscopic characteristics showed the dorsiventral nature of leaf. Two types of trichomes were observed: Covering, unicellular, uniseriate, and bi-cellular head sessile glandular. Vascular bundle was surrounded by spongy parenchyma. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence alkaloids, tannins, amino acid proteins, and carbohydrates. The phenolic and flavonoid content estimation revealed the presence of appreciable amount of these constituents, while HPTLC analysis showed the presence of β-sitosterol in petroleum ether extract. Conclusion: These findings will be useful for the establishment of standardization parameters for M. coromandelianum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhirendra B Sanghai
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - S Vijaya Kumar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - K K Srinivasan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - H N Aswatharam
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - C S Shreedhara
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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Shalini S, Girija CR, Simon L, Srinivasan KK, Venkatesha TV. rac-3-(4-Hy-droxy-benz-yl)chroman-4-one. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2013; 69:o1011-2. [PMID: 24046596 PMCID: PMC3772453 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536813014645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2013] [Accepted: 05/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
In the racemic title compound, C16H14O3, the ring of the 4-hy-droxy-benzyl substituent group forms a dihedral angle of 80.12 (12)° with the benzene ring of the chromanone system. Two C atoms of the pyran-one ring and the H atoms on the benzyl α-C atom are disordered over two sites, with site-occupation factors of 0.818 (8) and 0.182 (8). The crystal structure is stabilized by O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, which form parallel one-dimensional zigzag chains down the c axis and are inter-connected by both methine C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds and weak aromatic C-H⋯π inter-actions, giving a sheet structure lying parallel to [011].
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Affiliation(s)
- S Shalini
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Centre (Affiliated to Kuvempu University), SSMRV Degree College, Jayanagar 4th T Block, Bangalore 560 041, India
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Shalini S, Girija CR, Simon L, Srinivasan KK, Venkatesha TV, Jotani MM. 3-(3,4-Dimeth-oxy-benz-yl)chroman-4-one. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2013; 69:o241. [PMID: 23424520 PMCID: PMC3569774 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536813000925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2012] [Accepted: 01/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
In the title compound, C18H18O4, the six-membered chroman-4-one ring adopts an envelope conformation with the C atom bonded to the bridging CH2 atom as the flap. The dihedral angle between the mean plane of the fused pyranone ring and the dimethoxy-substituted benzene ring is 89.72 (2)°. In the crystal, adjacent molecules are linked via C—H⋯π interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Shalini
- Chemistry Research Centre (affiliated to Kuvempu University), SSMRV Degree College, 4th T Block, Jayanagar, Bangalore 560 041, India
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Khan S, Dwivedi C, Parmar V, Srinivasan KK, Shirwaikar A. Methanol extract of dried exudate of Commiphora mukul prevents bone resorption in ovariectomized rats. Pharm Biol 2012; 50:1330-1336. [PMID: 22957793 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2012.675339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Gum guggul, a resinous exudate of the plant Commiphora mukul Engl. (Burseraceae), has been found efficacious in the treatment of bone fractures, arthritis, and hyperlipidemic disorders. OBJECTIVE The present study is an effort to explore the anti-bone-resorptive potential of the dried methanol extract of the gummy exudate of C. mukul (MECM) in ovariectomized rat model. MATERIALS AND METHODS The animals were randomly divided into five groups of equal size (n = 6). Animals in all the groups were ovariectomized except group 1, which was sham operated. Groups 3, 4 and 5 were treated with Raloxifene, MECM 250 mg/kg and MECM 500 mg/kg, respectively. The 2nd group was fed with vehicle. ASSESSMENT biochemical estimations, viz., alkaline phosphatase (ALP), tartarate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), serum calcium (Ca); biomechanical evaluations, and histopathological examinations. RESULTS The LD(50) of MECM was found to be > 2500 mg/kg orally. A significant elevation was observed in the ALP, TRAP, Ca and cholesterol levels in the 2nd group with a significant reduction in biomechnical strength. Groups 3, 4 and 5, showed a significant reduction in TRAP and ALP levels (p < 0.001). The Ca levels were normalized in the groups 4 and 5, while cholesterol levels dropped in group 5. The bone strength, however, was normalized in all the groups (p < 0.001) along with the histopathology. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Findings suggested a significant gain in bone strength and nearly complete restoration of bone microarchitecture along with lowered levels of TRAP indicating the anti-bone resorptive potential of the extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleemulla Khan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical sciences, Manipal University, Madhavnagar, Manipal, India.
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Singh SK, Srinivasan KK, Singare DS, Gowthamarajan K, Prakash D. Formulation of ternary complexes of glyburide with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin and other solubilizing agents and their effect on release behavior of glyburide in aqueous and buffered media at different agitation speeds. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2012; 38:1328-36. [DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2011.650645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Singh SK, Srinivasan KK, Gowthamarajan K, Prakash D, Gaikwad NB, Singare DS. Influence of formulation parameters on dissolution rate enhancement of glyburide using liquisolid technique. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2012; 38:961-70. [DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2011.634810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Veerapur VP, Prabhakar KR, Kandadi MR, Srinivasan KK, Unnikrishnan MK. Antidiabetic effect of Dodonaea viscosa aerial parts in high fat diet and low dose streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic rats: a mechanistic approach. Pharm Biol 2010; 48:1137-1148. [PMID: 20815701 DOI: 10.3109/13880200903527736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT High fat diet (HFD) and low-dose streptozotocin (STZ) is an ideal model for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) that would closely reflect the natural history and metabolic characteristics of human T2DM and is also suitable for pharmacological screening. OBJECTIVE The present study was designed to investigate the effect of the water extract (DVW) and the polar fraction of ethanol extract (DVE-4) of Dodonaea viscosa (L). Jacq. (Sapindaceae) on biochemical parameters in type 2 diabetes induced by a standardized HFD and low dose streptozotocin (25 mg/kg) in rats. Further, to elucidate the mode of action we evaluated its effects on a battery of targets involved in glucose homeostasis (in vitro studies). MATERIALS AND METHODS Different doses of DVW and DVE-4 were administered once daily for two weeks to HFD + STZ diabetic rats. Quantification of biomarker quercetin was done using HPLC. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Both DVW and DVE-4 dose-dependently reduced blood glucose, serum insulin, homeostatic model assessment (HOMA), lipid profiles, and significantly improved glucose tolerance and HDL-c levels. In addition, the extract and fraction also decreased oxidative stress by improving endogenous antioxidants. In different, bioassays, DVW and DVE-4 showed inhibition of PTP-1B and at a concentration of 10 μg/mL showed 60 and 54.2% binding to PPARγ, respectively. Both extract/fraction exhibited stimulation of glucose uptake by skeletal muscles. CONCLUSION Taken together, these results suggest that DVW and DVE-4 inhibits HFD + STZ-induced insulin resistance, lipid abnormalities and oxidative stress indicating that these effects may be mediated by interacting with multiple targets operating in diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- V P Veerapur
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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Veerapur VP, Prabhakar KR, Thippeswamy BS, Bansal P, Srinivasan KK, Unnikrishnan MK. Antidiabetic effect of Dodonaea viscosa (L). Lacq. aerial parts in high fructose-fed insulin resistant rats: a mechanism based study. Indian J Exp Biol 2010; 48:800-810. [PMID: 21341538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
To study the effect and mode of action of water extract (DVW) and polar fraction of ethanol extract (DVE-4) of D. viscosa in high-fructose diet induced insulin resistance in male Wistar rats. D. viscosa's effects were evaluated on a battery of targets involved in glucose homeostasis (in vitro studies). Rats were rendered insulin resistant by feeding 66% (w/w) fructose and 1.1% (v/w) coconut oil mixed with normal pellet diet (NPD) for six weeks. DVW and DVE4 at different doses were administered simultaneously. At the end of the study, blood glucose, oral glucose tolerance test, lipid profile and insulin were estimated and homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) levels were calculated. In addition, enzymatic and nonenzymatic liver antioxidant levels were also estimated. Quantification of biomarker quercetin was done using HPLC. Fructose diet with DVW, DVE-4 significantly reduced blood glucose, serum insulin, HOMA, lipid profiles and significantly improved glucose tolerance and HDL-c levels. In addition, these extract and fraction also decreased oxidative stress by improving endogenous antioxidants. In different bioassays, DVW and DVE-4 inhibited protein tyrosine phosphatase-1B with IC50 65.8 and 54.9 microg/ml respectively and showed partial inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase-IV. Moreover, DVW and DVE-4, at 10 microg/ml showed 60 and 54.2% binding to peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma. Further, 2.1% (w/w) of quercetin was quantified in bioactive-DVE-4 using HPLC method. The results provide pharmacological evidence of D. viscosa in treatment of prediabetic conditions and these effects may be mediated by interacting with multiple targets operating in diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- V P Veerapur
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal 576 104, India.
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Singh S, Srinivasan KK, Gowthamarajan K, Narayan GB. Development and validation of discriminatory dissolution procedure for poorly soluble glyburide. Asian J Pharm 2010. [DOI: 10.4103/0973-8398.76744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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16
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Kaur J, Srinivasan KK, Joseph A, Gupta A, Singh Y, Srinivas KS, Jain G. Development and validation of stability indicating method for the quantitative determination of venlafaxine hydrochloride in extended release formulation using high performance liquid chromatography. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2010; 2:22-6. [PMID: 21814426 PMCID: PMC3146087 DOI: 10.4103/0975-7406.62701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2010] [Revised: 02/15/2010] [Accepted: 02/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Venlafaxine,hydrochloride is a structurally novel phenethyl bicyclic antidepressant, and is usually categorized as a serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) but it has been referred to as a serotonin–norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor. It inhibits the reuptake of dopamine. Venlafaxine HCL is widely prescribed in the form of sustained release formulations. In the current article we are reporting the development and validation of a fast and simple stability indicating, isocratic high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method for the determination of venlafaxine hydrochloride in sustained release formulations. Materials and Methods: The quantitative determination of venlafaxine hydrochloride was performed on a Kromasil C18 analytical column (250 × 4.6 mm i.d., 5 μm particle size) with 0.01 M phosphate buffer (pH 4.5): methanol (40: 60) as a mobile phase, at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. For HPLC methods, UV detection was made at 225 nm. Results: During method validation, parameters such as precision, linearity, accuracy, stability, limit of quantification and detection and specificity were evaluated, which remained within acceptable limits. Conclusions: The method has been successfully applied for the quantification and dissolution profiling of Venlafaxine HCL in sustained release formulation. The method presents a simple and reliable solution for the routine quantitative analysis of Venlafaxine HCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaspreet Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal 576 104, India
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Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY We investigated the effects of Sphaeranthus indicus on mast cell stabilizing activity to provide scientific basis for the clinical use of S. indicus. MATERIALS AND METHODS The protective effect of different extracts of whole plant of S. indicus against compound 48/80 and sheep serum induced mast cell degranulation was evaluated. RESULTS Ethanol extract of S. indicus at the doses of 150 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg and ethyl acetate extract at the dose of 100 mg/kg, 150 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg showed slightly better protection of mast cell degranulation (77-86%) than the standard drug ketotifen (75%) in the sheep serum model. These extracts also showed better mast cell stabilizing activity (77-88%) than the standard drug (69%) when peritoneal mast cells are treated with compound 48/80. CONCLUSION These results suggest that S. indicus has potent mast cell stabilizing effects thereby inhibiting mediator release from mast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessy E Mathew
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal 576 104, Karnataka, India.
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18
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Reddy GBS, Melkhani AB, Kalyani GA, Rao JV, Shirwaikar A, Kotian M, Ramani R, Aithal KS, Udupa AL, Bhat G, Srinivasan KK. Chemical and Pharmacological Investigations of Limnophila conferta and Limnophila heterophylla. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.3109/13880209109082868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - A. B. Melkhani
- Chemistry Dept. DSB Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital, 263006, UP
| | - G. A. Kalyani
- School of Pharmacy, J.N. Medical College, Belgium, 590010
| | | | | | | | | | - K. S. Aithal
- College of Pharmacy, Manipal, 576 119, Karnataka
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19
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Veerapur VP, Prabhakar KR, Parihar VK, Kandadi MR, Ramakrishana S, Mishra B, Satish Rao BS, Srinivasan KK, Priyadarsini KI, Unnikrishnan MK. Ficus racemosa Stem Bark Extract: A Potent Antioxidant and a Probable Natural Radioprotector. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2007; 6:317-24. [PMID: 18955240 PMCID: PMC2722211 DOI: 10.1093/ecam/nem119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ethanol extract (FRE) and water extract (FRW) of Ficus racemosa (family: Moraceae) were subjected to free radical scavenging both by steady state and time resolved methods such as nanosecond pulse radiolysis and stopped-flow spectrophotometric analyses. FRE exhibited significantly higher steady state antioxidant activity than FRW. FRE exhibited concentration dependent DPPH, ABTS•−, hydroxyl radical and superoxide radical scavenging and inhibition of lipid peroxidation with IC50 comparable with tested standard compounds. In vitro radioprotective potential of FRE was studied using micronucleus assay in irradiated Chinese hamster lung fibroblast cells (V79). Pretreatment with different doses of FRE 1h prior to 2 Gy γ-radiation resulted in a significant (P < 0.001) decrease in the percentage of micronucleated binuclear V79 cells. Maximum radioprotection was observed at 20 μg/ml of FRE. The radioprotection was found to be significant (P < 0.01) when cells were treated with optimum dose of FRE (20 μg/ml) 1 h prior to 0.5, 1, 2, 3 and 4 Gy γ-irradiation compared to the respective radiation controls. The cytokinesis-block proliferative index indicated that FRE does not alter radiation induced cell cycle delay. Based on all these results we conclude that the ethanol extract of F. racemosa acts as a potent antioxidant and a probable radioprotector.
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Affiliation(s)
- V P Veerapur
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal-576 104, Karnataka, India.
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Srinivasan KK, Alex J, Shirwaikar AA, Jacob S, Sunil Kumar MR, Prabu SL. Simultaneous derivative spectrophotometric estimation of aceclofenac and tramadol with paracetamol in combination solid dosage forms. Indian J Pharm Sci 2007. [DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.36941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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21
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Srinivasan KK, Neelima Y, Alex J, Sreejith G, Ciraj AM, Rao JV. Synthesis of novel furobenzopyrone derivatives and evaluation of their antimicrobial and antiinflammatory activity. Indian J Pharm Sci 2007. [DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.33176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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22
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Shirwaikar AA, Joseph A, Srinivasan KK, Jacob S. Novel co-processed excipients of mannitol and microcrystalline cellulose for preparing fast dissolving tablets of glipizide. Indian J Pharm Sci 2007. [DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.38467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Jessy EM, Sambanthan AT, Alex J, Sridevi CH, Srinivasan KK. Synthesis and biological evaluation of some novel quinazolones. Indian J Pharm Sci 2007. [DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.34571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Shirwaikar AA, Srinivasan KK, Alex J, Prabu SL, Mahalaxmi R, Kumar R, Jacob S. Stability of proteins in aqueous solution and solid state. Indian J Pharm Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.25708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Kumar MS, Unnikrishnan MK, Patra S, Murthy K, Srinivasan KK. Naringin and naringenin inhibit nitrite-induced methemoglobin formation. Pharmazie 2003; 58:564-6. [PMID: 12967034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Naringin and naringenin protect hemoglobin from nitrite-induced oxidation to methemoglobin. The protection is not observed when naringin and naringenin are added after the autocatalytic stage of the oxidation of hemoglobin by nitrite. The ability of naringin and naringenin to scavenge oxygen free radicals may be responsible for the action because superoxide, hydroxyl and other free radicals are implicated in promoting the autocatalytic stage of oxidation of hemoglobin by nitrite. Both compounds showed less ability to protect intact erythrocytes suggesting that they may not cross the erythrocyte membrane in sufficient amounts. Naringenin was more effective than naringin, probably because of the extra phenolic group in the aglycone.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sudheer Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal, India
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Abstract
Treatment with 100 mg/kg of Clitoria ternatea aqueous root extract (CTR), for 30 days in neonatal and young adult age groups of rat, significantly increased acetylcholine (ACh) content in their hippocampi as compared to age matched controls. Increase in ACh content in their hippocampus may be the neurochemical basis for their improved learning and memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- K S Rai
- Department of Physiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Pin 576119, Karnataka, India.
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Abstract
In previous studies, flavonoids, orientin and vicenin, that were isolated from the leaf extract of Ocimum sanctum, were found to protect mice against radiation injury. Several flavonoids are known to be good antioxidants. Therefore, the effect of orientin and vicenin on radiation-induced lipid peroxidation in vivo and their antioxidant activity in vitro were studied. Adult mice were injected intraperitoneally with 50 microgram/kg of orientin or vicenin and exposed whole-body to 3 Gy of gamma radiation. Lipid peroxidation was measured in the liver 15 min to 8 h postirradiation. The antioxidant activity of orientin/vicenin (10-500 microM) was studied by measuring inhibition of hydroxyl radicals generated by the Fenton reaction (Fe(3+)-EDTA-ascorbic acid-H(2)O(2)) in vitro. The compounds were also tested for possible pro-oxidant and iron chelation activities at the above concentrations in the in vitro system. Orientin and vicenin provided almost equal protection against radiation-induced lipid peroxidation in mouse liver. Both compounds showed a significantly greater free radical-inhibiting activity in vitro than DMSO. Neither orientin nor vicenin showed any pro-oxidant activity at the concentrations tested. Both compounds inhibited free radical formation in the absence of EDTA. Free radical scavenging appears to be a likely mechanism of radiation protection by these flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Uma Devi
- Department of Radiobiology, Kasturba Medical College
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Uma Devi P, Ganasoundari A, Rao BS, Srinivasan KK. In vivo radioprotection by ocimum flavonoids: survival of mice. Radiat Res 1999; 151:74-8. [PMID: 9973087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Two flavonoids, orientin and vicenin, isolated from the leaves of the Indian plant Ocimum sanctum were tested for their radioprotective effect in mice. Both compounds provided protection against death from gastrointestinal syndrome as well as bone marrow syndrome when injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) before whole-body exposure to 11 Gy gamma radiation. The optimum drug dose for protection was 50 microg/kg body weight: An increase in the drug dose did not increase protection. No acute toxicity was observed at doses as high as 100 mg/kg body weight of either compound. Maximum protection was obtained when either compound was injected i.p. 30 min before irradiation. Changing the route of administration or the interval between drug injection (i.p.) and irradiation reduced protection. Drug treatment after irradiation was not very effective. Vicenin was slightly better than orientin in increasing survival at 30 days; protection by vicenin also lasted longer. Dose modification factors (DMFs) for the LD50 were 1.37 for vicenin and 1.30 for orientin. Radical scavenging activity has been demonstrated for both orientin and vicenin, and this appears to be one of the mechanisms of protection by these flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Uma Devi
- Department of Radiobiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, India
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Sharada AC, Solomon FE, Devi PU, Udupa N, Srinivasan KK. Antitumor and radiosensitizing effects of withaferin A on mouse Ehrlich ascites carcinoma in vivo. Acta Oncol 1996; 35:95-100. [PMID: 8619948 DOI: 10.3109/02841869609098486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The antitumor and radiosensitizing effects of withaferin A (WA), a steroidal lactone from Withania somnifera, was studied on Ehrlich ascites carcinoma in vivo. The acute LD50(14) for WA in Swiss mice was approximately 80 mg/kg. Twenty-four hours after i.p. inoculation of 10(6) tumor cells, WA was injected i.p. at different dose fractions (5 or 7.5 mg/kg x 8, 10 mg/kg x 5, 20 or 30 mg/kg x 2) with or without abdominal gamma irradiation (RT, 75. Gy) after the first drug dose. Increase in life span and tumor-free survival were studied up to 120 days. The drug inhibited tumor growth and increased survival, which was dependent on the WA dose per fraction rather than the total dose. Combination of RT with all the drug schedules increased tumor cure and tumor-free survival, the best effect seen after 2 fractions of 30 mg/kg each. In another experiment WA was given as 2 (40 mg/kg x 2), 3 (30 mg/kg x 3) or 4 (20 mg/kg x 4) fractions at 5, 7 or 10 days after tumor inoculation with or without RT after the first drug dose. At 7 and 10 days after inoculation the drug was effective only at 40 mg/kg x 2, but with RT 30 mg/kg x 3 produced an equal effect (20% survival) on 7 day old tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Sharada
- Department of Radiobiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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Prasad KV, Bharathi K, Srinivasan KK. Evaluation of Ammannia baccifera Linn. for antiurolithic activity in albino rats. Indian J Exp Biol 1994; 32:311-3. [PMID: 7927522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Ethanolic extract of A. baccifera was tested for its antiurolithic activity in male albino rats. Urinary stones were induced by implantation of zinc discs in the urinary bladder. The stones formed were mainly of magnesium ammonium phosphate with traces of calcium oxalate. Ethanolic extract of A. baccifera (2g/kg/day, po) was found to be effective in reducing the formation of stones as also in dissolving the pre-formed ones. There was a significant increase in the urinary excretion of calcium, magnesium and oxalate, four weeks after implantation of zinc discs. Treatment with A. baccifera has significantly reduced calcium and magnesium levels in the prophylactic group while it has reversed the levels of these ions to normal values in the curative group.
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Affiliation(s)
- K V Prasad
- Department of Pharmacology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, India
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Prasad KV, Bharathi K, Srinivasan KK. Evaluation of Musa (Paradisiaca Linn. cultivar)--"Puttubale" stem juice for antilithiatic activity in albino rats. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 1993; 37:337-41. [PMID: 8112813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The fresh juice of Musa stem (Puttubale) was tested for its antilithiatic activity. Zinc discs were implanted in the urinary bladder of albino rats to induce urolithiasis. The stones formed were mainly of magnesium ammonium phosphate with traces of calcium oxalate. Musa stem juice (3 mL/rat/day orally) was found to be effective in reducing the formation and also in dissolving the pre-formed stones.
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Affiliation(s)
- K V Prasad
- Department of Pharmacology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal
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