1
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Lamač M, Mima K, Nejdl J, Chaulagain U, Bulanov SV. Anomalous Relativistic Emission from Self-Modulated Plasma Mirrors. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 131:205001. [PMID: 38039469 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.205001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
The interaction of intense laser pulses with plasma mirrors has demonstrated the ability to generate high-order harmonics, producing a bright source of extreme ultraviolet (XUV) radiation and attosecond pulses. Here, we report an unexpected transition in this process. We show that the loss of spatiotemporal coherence in the reflected high harmonics can lead to a new regime of highly efficient coherent XUV generation, with an extraordinary property where the radiation is directionally anomalous, propagating parallel to the mirror surface. With analytical calculations and numerical particle-in-cell simulations, we discover that the radiation emission is due to laser-driven oscillations of relativistic electron nanobunches that originate from a plasma surface instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lamač
- ELI Beamlines Facility, The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC, Za Radnicí 835, Dolní Břežany 25241, Czechia
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 3, Prague 2, 12116, Czechia
| | - K Mima
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - J Nejdl
- ELI Beamlines Facility, The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC, Za Radnicí 835, Dolní Břežany 25241, Czechia
- Faculty of Nuclear Science and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Břehová 7, Prague 1, 11519, Czechia
| | - U Chaulagain
- ELI Beamlines Facility, The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC, Za Radnicí 835, Dolní Břežany 25241, Czechia
| | - S V Bulanov
- ELI Beamlines Facility, The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC, Za Radnicí 835, Dolní Břežany 25241, Czechia
- Kansai Photon Science Institute, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 8-1-7 Umemidai, Kizugawa, 619-0215 Kyoto, Japan
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2
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Kawata A, Imai K, Tamura Y, Kaida T, Mima K, Nakagawa S, Hayashi H, Yamashita Y, Ikeda O, Baba H. Gastrointestinal: Superior mesenteric vein aneurysm treated using interventional radiology. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 37:1209. [PMID: 35018662 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.15755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Kawata
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - K Imai
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Y Tamura
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - T Kaida
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - K Mima
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - S Nakagawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - H Hayashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Y Yamashita
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - O Ikeda
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - H Baba
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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3
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Morace A, Abe Y, Honrubia JJ, Iwata N, Arikawa Y, Nakata Y, Johzaki T, Yogo A, Sentoku Y, Mima K, Ma T, Mariscal D, Sakagami H, Norimatsu T, Tsubakimoto K, Kawanaka J, Tokita S, Miyanaga N, Shiraga H, Sakawa Y, Nakai M, Azechi H, Fujioka S, Kodama R. Super-strong magnetic field-dominated ion beam dynamics in focusing plasma devices. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6876. [PMID: 35477961 PMCID: PMC9046386 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10829-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
High energy density physics is the field of physics dedicated to the study of matter and plasmas in extreme conditions of temperature, densities and pressures. It encompasses multiple disciplines such as material science, planetary science, laboratory and astrophysical plasma science. For the latter, high energy density states can be accompanied by extreme radiation environments and super-strong magnetic fields. The creation of high energy density states in the laboratory consists in concentrating/depositing large amounts of energy in a reduced mass, typically solid material sample or dense plasma, over a time shorter than the typical timescales of heat conduction and hydrodynamic expansion. Laser-generated, high current–density ion beams constitute an important tool for the creation of high energy density states in the laboratory. Focusing plasma devices, such as cone-targets are necessary in order to focus and direct these intense beams towards the heating sample or dense plasma, while protecting the proton generation foil from the harsh environments typical of an integrated high-power laser experiment. A full understanding of the ion beam dynamics in focusing devices is therefore necessary in order to properly design and interpret the numerous experiments in the field. In this work, we report a detailed investigation of large-scale, kilojoule-class laser-generated ion beam dynamics in focusing devices and we demonstrate that high-brilliance ion beams compress magnetic fields to amplitudes exceeding tens of kilo-Tesla, which in turn play a dominant role in the focusing process, resulting either in a worsening or enhancement of focusing capabilities depending on the target geometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Morace
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.
| | - Y Abe
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - J J Honrubia
- ETSI Aeronautica y del Espacio, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - N Iwata
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Y Arikawa
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Y Nakata
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - T Johzaki
- Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - A Yogo
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Y Sentoku
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - K Mima
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - T Ma
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, USA
| | - D Mariscal
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, USA
| | - H Sakagami
- National Institute of Fusion Science, Toki, Japan
| | - T Norimatsu
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - K Tsubakimoto
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - J Kawanaka
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - S Tokita
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - N Miyanaga
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - H Shiraga
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Y Sakawa
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - M Nakai
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - H Azechi
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - S Fujioka
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - R Kodama
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
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4
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Morace A, Iwata N, Sentoku Y, Mima K, Arikawa Y, Yogo A, Andreev A, Tosaki S, Vaisseau X, Abe Y, Kojima S, Sakata S, Hata M, Lee S, Matsuo K, Kamitsukasa N, Norimatsu T, Kawanaka J, Tokita S, Miyanaga N, Shiraga H, Sakawa Y, Nakai M, Nishimura H, Azechi H, Fujioka S, Kodama R. Enhancing laser beam performance by interfering intense laser beamlets. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2995. [PMID: 31278266 PMCID: PMC6611939 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10997-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing the laser energy absorption into energetic particle beams represents a longstanding quest in intense laser-plasma physics. During the interaction with matter, part of the laser energy is converted into relativistic electron beams, which are the origin of secondary sources of energetic ions, γ-rays and neutrons. Here we experimentally demonstrate that using multiple coherent laser beamlets spatially and temporally overlapped, thus producing an interference pattern in the laser focus, significantly improves the laser energy conversion efficiency into hot electrons, compared to one beam with the same energy and nominal intensity as the four beamlets combined. Two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations support the experimental results, suggesting that beamlet interference pattern induces a periodical shaping of the critical density, ultimately playing a key-role in enhancing the laser-to-electron energy conversion efficiency. This method is rather insensitive to laser pulse contrast and duration, making this approach robust and suitable to many existing facilities. Enhanced coupling of laser energy to the target particles is a fundamental issue in laser-plasma interactions. Here the authors demonstrate increased photon absorption leading into higher laser to electron and proton energy transfer through the interference of multiple coherent beamlets.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Morace
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - N Iwata
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Y Sentoku
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - K Mima
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Y Arikawa
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - A Yogo
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - A Andreev
- Max Born Institute for non-linear optics and short pulse spectroscopy, Berlin, 12489, Germany.,St. Petersburg State University, Sankt-Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - S Tosaki
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - X Vaisseau
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Y Abe
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - S Kojima
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - S Sakata
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - M Hata
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - S Lee
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - K Matsuo
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - N Kamitsukasa
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - T Norimatsu
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - J Kawanaka
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - S Tokita
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - N Miyanaga
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - H Shiraga
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Y Sakawa
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - M Nakai
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - H Nishimura
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - H Azechi
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - S Fujioka
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - R Kodama
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
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5
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Abe Y, Nakajima N, Sakaguchi Y, Arikawa Y, Mirfayzi SR, Fujioka S, Taguchi T, Mima K, Yogo A, Nishimura H, Shiraga H, Nakai M. A multichannel gated neutron detector with reduced afterpulse for low-yield neutron measurements in intense hard X-ray backgrounds. Rev Sci Instrum 2018; 89:10I114. [PMID: 30399813 DOI: 10.1063/1.5039436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A design of multichannel gated photomultiplier tube (PMT) is presented for the 960-channel neutron time-of-flight detector at the Institute of Laser Engineering of Osaka University. This is important for the fusion science and the nuclear photonics where intense hard X-rays are generated from the interaction of ultra-short laser pulse of petawatt power density with matter. The hard X-rays often overload PMTs and cause signal-induced background noises called afterpulses, making the detection of subsequent neutrons impossible. For this reason, the PMTs are coupled with an electrical time-gating (ETG) system to avoid overloading. The ETG system disables the PMT by modulating the dynode potential during the primary X-ray flash. An after-pulsing suppression technique is demonstrated by applying a reverse bias voltage between the photocathode and the first dynode. The presented multichannel scheme provides a gate response time of 80 ns, a signal cutoff ratio of 2.5 × 102, and requires reasonably low power consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Abe
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - N Nakajima
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | | | - Y Arikawa
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - S R Mirfayzi
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - S Fujioka
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - T Taguchi
- Setsunan University, Osaka 572-8508, Japan
| | - K Mima
- Graduate School for the Creation of New Photonics Industries, Shizuoka 431-1202, Japan
| | - A Yogo
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - H Nishimura
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - H Shiraga
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - M Nakai
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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6
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Kosumi K, Yoshida N, Okadome K, Eto T, Kuroda D, Ohuchi M, Kiyozumi Y, Nakamura K, Izumi D, Tokunaga R, Harada K, Mima K, Sawayama H, Ishimoto T, Iwatsuki M, Baba Y, Miyamoto Y, Watanabe M, Baba H. Minimally invasive esophagectomy may contribute to long-term respiratory function after esophagectomy for esophageal cancer. Dis Esophagus 2018; 31:4850445. [PMID: 29444214 DOI: 10.1093/dote/dox153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Evidence suggests that minimally invasive esophagectomy has several advantages with regard to short-term outcomes, compared to open esophagectomy in esophageal cancer patients. However, the impact of minimally invasive esophagectomy on long-term respiratory function remains unknown. The objective of this study is to assess the association between use of the minimally invasive esophagectomy and long-term respiratory dysfunction in esophageal cancer patients after esophagectomy. This retrospective single institution study using prospectively collected data included 87 consecutive esophageal cancer patients who had undergone esophagectomy. All patients underwent a respiratory function test before, and one year after esophagectomy. Logistic regression analysis was used to compute the hazard ratio for long-term respiratory dysfunction. Minimally invasive esophagectomies were performed in 53 patients, and open esophagectomies in 34 patients. The two groups showed no significant differences in terms of postoperative complications and postoperative course. Nor were any differences observed between the two groups in terms of volume capacity (L) and forced expiratory volume 1.0 (L) before esophagectomy (P > 0.34). However, one year after esophagectomy, the decreases in volume capacity and forced expiratory volume 1.0 were significantly less in the minimally invasive esophagectomy group than in the open esophagectomy group (P = 0.04 and P = 0.007, respectively). Multivariate analyses revealed that minimally invasive esophagectomy was an independent favorable factor for maintenance of forced expiratory volume 1.0 (hazard ratio = 0.17, 95% confidence interval 0.04-0.71; P = 0.01). Minimally invasive esophagectomy may be an independent favorable factor for maintenance of long-term respiratory function in esophageal cancer patients after esophagectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kosumi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto.,Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - N Yoshida
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto
| | - K Okadome
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto
| | - T Eto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto
| | - D Kuroda
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto
| | - M Ohuchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto
| | - Y Kiyozumi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto
| | - K Nakamura
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto
| | - D Izumi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto
| | - R Tokunaga
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto
| | - K Harada
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto
| | - K Mima
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto
| | - H Sawayama
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto
| | - T Ishimoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto
| | - M Iwatsuki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto
| | - Y Baba
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto
| | - Y Miyamoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto
| | - M Watanabe
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Baba
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto
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7
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Nakai S, Nakatsuka M, Fujita H, Miyanaga N, Jitsuno T, Kanabe T, Izawa Y, Norimatsu T, Takagi M, Yamanaka T, Kato Y, Azechi H, Nishimura H, Shiraga H, Nakai M, Tanaka K, Kodama R, Takabe H, Nishihara K, Mima K, Kitagawa Y, Sakabe S, Yamanaka M, Kosaki Y, Yamanaka C, Sasaki T, Mori Y, Miyazaki K, Nishikawa M, Kan H, Hiruma T, Soman Y, Ito H, Perlado J, Alonso E, Munoz E, Sanz J. Laser Fusion Research at Ile Osaka University. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.13182/fst96-a11963008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Nakai
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565 Japan
| | - M. Nakatsuka
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565 Japan
| | - H. Fujita
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565 Japan
| | - N. Miyanaga
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565 Japan
| | - T. Jitsuno
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565 Japan
| | - T. Kanabe
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565 Japan
| | - Y. Izawa
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565 Japan
| | - T. Norimatsu
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565 Japan
| | - M. Takagi
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565 Japan
| | - T. Yamanaka
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565 Japan
| | - Y. Kato
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565 Japan
| | - H. Azechi
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565 Japan
| | - H. Nishimura
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565 Japan
| | - H. Shiraga
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565 Japan
| | - M. Nakai
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565 Japan
| | - K.A. Tanaka
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565 Japan
| | - R. Kodama
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565 Japan
| | - H. Takabe
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565 Japan
| | - K. Nishihara
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565 Japan
| | - K. Mima
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565 Japan
| | - Y. Kitagawa
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565 Japan
| | - S. Sakabe
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565 Japan
| | - M. Yamanaka
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565 Japan
| | - Y. Kosaki
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565 Japan
| | - C. Yamanaka
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565 Japan
| | - T. Sasaki
- Faculy of Engineering, Osaka University 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565 Japan
| | - Y. Mori
- Faculy of Engineering, Osaka University 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565 Japan
| | - K. Miyazaki
- Faculy of Engineering, Osaka University 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565 Japan
| | - M. Nishikawa
- Faculy of Engineering, Osaka University 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565 Japan
| | - H. Kan
- Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. 5000 Hirakuchi, Hamakita, Shizuoka 434 Japan
| | - T. Hiruma
- Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. 5000 Hirakuchi, Hamakita, Shizuoka 434 Japan
| | - Y. Soman
- Mitsubishi Heavy Industries. Ltd. 1-1-1 Wadasaki-cho, Hyogo-ku, Kobe 562 Japan
| | - H. Ito
- Kawasaki Heavy Industries. Ltd. 2-4-25 Minamisuna, Koto-ku, Tokyo 136 Japan
- Members of Laser Fusion Reactor Committee of Laser Society of Japan
| | - J.M. Perlado
- Instituto de Fusion Nuclear, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid 28006 Madrid Spain
| | - E. Alonso
- Instituto de Fusion Nuclear, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid 28006 Madrid Spain
| | - E. Munoz
- Instituto de Fusion Nuclear, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid 28006 Madrid Spain
| | - J. Sanz
- Instituto de Fusion Nuclear, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid 28006 Madrid Spain
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8
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Iwamoto A, Maekawa R, Mito T, Sakagami H, Motojima O, Nakai M, Nagai K, Fujimura T, Norimatsu T, Azechi H, Mima K. Preliminary Results of Fuel Layering on the Cryogenic Target for the FIREX Project. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst07-a1473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Iwamoto
- National Institute for Fusion Science: 322-6 Oroshi, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - R. Maekawa
- National Institute for Fusion Science: 322-6 Oroshi, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Mito
- National Institute for Fusion Science: 322-6 Oroshi, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - H. Sakagami
- National Institute for Fusion Science: 322-6 Oroshi, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - O. Motojima
- National Institute for Fusion Science: 322-6 Oroshi, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Nakai
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University: 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - K. Nagai
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University: 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - T. Fujimura
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University: 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - T. Norimatsu
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University: 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - H. Azechi
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University: 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - K. Mima
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University: 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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9
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Iwamoto A, Fujimura T, Nakai M, Norimatsu T, Nagai K, Maekawa R, Sakagami H, Mito T, Motojima O, Azechi H, Mima K. Temperature Control in a Cryogenic Target with a Conical Laser Guide for Fuel Layering. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst09-a8939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Iwamoto
- National Institute for Fusion Science: 322-6 Oroshi, Toki, Gifu, 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Fujimura
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka Univ.: 2-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - M. Nakai
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka Univ.: 2-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - T. Norimatsu
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka Univ.: 2-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - K. Nagai
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka Univ.: 2-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - R. Maekawa
- National Institute for Fusion Science: 322-6 Oroshi, Toki, Gifu, 509-5292, Japan
| | - H. Sakagami
- National Institute for Fusion Science: 322-6 Oroshi, Toki, Gifu, 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Mito
- National Institute for Fusion Science: 322-6 Oroshi, Toki, Gifu, 509-5292, Japan
| | - O. Motojima
- National Institute for Fusion Science: 322-6 Oroshi, Toki, Gifu, 509-5292, Japan
| | - H. Azechi
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka Univ.: 2-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - K. Mima
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka Univ.: 2-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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10
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Norimatsu T, Shimada Y, Furukawa H, Kunugi T, Nakajima H, Kajimura Y, Tsuji R, Yoshida H, Mima K. Activities on the Laser Fusion Reactor KOYO-F in Japan. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst09-a8928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Norimatsu
- ILE, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan,
| | - Y. Shimada
- Institute for Laser Technology, Osaka, Japan
| | - H. Furukawa
- Institute for Laser Technology, Osaka, Japan
| | - T. Kunugi
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - H. Nakajima
- Department of Engineering Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Y. Kajimura
- Department of Engineering Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - R. Tsuji
- Department of Engineering, Ibaraki University, Japan
| | - H. Yoshida
- Department of Engineering, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - K. Mima
- ILE, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan,
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11
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Mima K, Azechi H, Johzaki Y, Kitagawa Y, Kodama R, Kozaki Y, Miyanaga N, Nagai K, Nagatomo H, Nakai M, Nishimura H, Norimatsu T, Shiraga H, Tanaka KA, Izawa Y, Nakao Y, Sakagami H. Present Status of Fast Ignition Research and Prospects of FIREX Project. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst05-a762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Mima
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - H. Azechi
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Y. Johzaki
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Y. Kitagawa
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - R. Kodama
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Y. Kozaki
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - N. Miyanaga
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - K. Nagai
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - H. Nagatomo
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - M. Nakai
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - H. Nishimura
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - T. Norimatsu
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - H. Shiraga
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - K. A. Tanaka
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Y. Izawa
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Y. Nakao
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - H. Sakagami
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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12
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Norimatsu T, Kawanaka J, Miyanaga M, Azechi H, Mima K, Furukawa H, Kozaki Y, Tomabechi K. Conceptual Design of Fast Ignition Power Plant KOYO-F Driven by Cooled Yb:YAG Ceramic Laser. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst52-893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Norimatsu
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka,5650871, Japan
| | - J. Kawanaka
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka,5650871, Japan
| | - M. Miyanaga
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka,5650871, Japan
| | - H. Azechi
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka,5650871, Japan
| | - K. Mima
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka,5650871, Japan
| | - H. Furukawa
- Institute for Laser Engineering, Nishi-ku, Osaka, 5500004, Japan
| | - Y. Kozaki
- Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 5095292, Japan
| | - K. Tomabechi
- IFE Forum, Institute for Laser Engineering, Nishi-ku, Osaka, 5500004, Japan
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13
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Yogo A, Mima K, Iwata N, Tosaki S, Morace A, Arikawa Y, Fujioka S, Johzaki T, Sentoku Y, Nishimura H, Sagisaka A, Matsuo K, Kamitsukasa N, Kojima S, Nagatomo H, Nakai M, Shiraga H, Murakami M, Tokita S, Kawanaka J, Miyanaga N, Yamanoi K, Norimatsu T, Sakagami H, Bulanov SV, Kondo K, Azechi H. Boosting laser-ion acceleration with multi-picosecond pulses. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42451. [PMID: 28211913 PMCID: PMC5304168 DOI: 10.1038/srep42451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Using one of the world most powerful laser facility, we demonstrate for the first time that high-contrast multi-picosecond pulses are advantageous for proton acceleration. By extending the pulse duration from 1.5 to 6 ps with fixed laser intensity of 1018 W cm-2, the maximum proton energy is improved more than twice (from 13 to 33 MeV). At the same time, laser-energy conversion efficiency into the MeV protons is enhanced with an order of magnitude, achieving 5% for protons above 6 MeV with the 6 ps pulse duration. The proton energies observed are discussed using a plasma expansion model newly developed that takes the electron temperature evolution beyond the ponderomotive energy in the over picoseconds interaction into account. The present results are quite encouraging for realizing ion-driven fast ignition and novel ion beamlines.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Yogo
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - K. Mima
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
- The Graduate School for the Creation of New Photon Industries, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-1202, Japan
| | - N. Iwata
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - S. Tosaki
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - A. Morace
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - Y. Arikawa
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - S. Fujioka
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - T. Johzaki
- Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8511, Japan
| | - Y. Sentoku
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - H. Nishimura
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - A. Sagisaka
- Kansai Photon Science Institute, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Kizugawa 619-0215, Kyoto, Japan
| | - K. Matsuo
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - N. Kamitsukasa
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - S. Kojima
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - H. Nagatomo
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - M. Nakai
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - H. Shiraga
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - M. Murakami
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - S. Tokita
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - J. Kawanaka
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - N. Miyanaga
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - K. Yamanoi
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - T. Norimatsu
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - H. Sakagami
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. V. Bulanov
- Kansai Photon Science Institute, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Kizugawa 619-0215, Kyoto, Japan
| | - K. Kondo
- Kansai Photon Science Institute, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Kizugawa 619-0215, Kyoto, Japan
| | - H. Azechi
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
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14
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Baba Y, Kinoshita K, Sawayama H, Mima K, Iwatsuki M, Sakamoto Y, Yoshida N, Baba H. 237P Prognostic characteristics of esophageal cancer patients with multiple primary cancers: A retrospective single institution study. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw582.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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15
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16
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Mima K, Nishihara R, Qian Z, Baba H, Ogino S. 173PD MicroRNA MIR21, T cells, and PTGS2 expression in. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0923-7534(21)00331-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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17
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Johzaki T, Mima K, Fujioka S, Sakagami H, Sunahara A, Nagatomo H, Shiraga H. Electron beam guiding by strong longitudinal magnetic fields. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/688/1/012041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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18
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Mima K, Beppu T, Ishiko T, Chikamoto A, Nakagawa S, Hayashi H, Watanabe M, Sakamaki K, Baba H. Preoperative serum hyaluronic acid level as a prognostic factor in patients undergoing hepatic resection for hepatocellular carcinoma. Br J Surg 2014; 101:269-76. [DOI: 10.1002/bjs.9343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Hyaluronic acid (HA) probably plays a critical role in tumorigenesis. The clinical significance of serum HA concentration in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains to be elucidated. This study analysed the relationship between preoperative serum HA levels and prognosis after hepatic resection in patients with HCC.
Methods
Consecutive patients who underwent hepatic resection for HCC between September 1999 and March 2012 were included in this retrospective study. Serum HA levels were measured within 4 weeks before surgery by an immunoturbidimetric automated latex assay. The cut-off level for preoperative serum HA was validated using a time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. The prognostic impact of preoperative serum HA levels was analysed using Cox proportional hazards models.
Results
A total of 506 patients of median age 66 years (405 men, 80·0 per cent) were analysed. The median length of follow-up was 32 months. High serum HA levels (100 ng/ml or above) were associated with shorter recurrence-free survival (P < 0·001) (hazard ratio (HR) 1·50, 95 per cent confidence interval 1·17 to 1·93; P = 0·002) and overall survival (P = 0·001) (HR 1·46, 1·03 to 2·07; P = 0·033). In patients with HCC without severe liver fibrosis, serum HA level was correlated with multiple tumours (P = 0·039), early recurrence (P = 0·033), and poor recurrence-free (P < 0·001) and overall (P = 0·024) survival.
Conclusion
High preoperative serum HA levels predict poor prognosis in patients with HCC after hepatic resection, and may serve as a future biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Mima
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - T Beppu
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Department of Multidisciplinary Treatment for Gastroenterological Cancer, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - T Ishiko
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - A Chikamoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - S Nakagawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - H Hayashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - M Watanabe
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - K Sakamaki
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - H Baba
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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Alvarez J, Fernández-Tobias J, Mima K, Nakai S, Kar S, Kato Y, Perlado J. Laser Driven Neutron Sources: Characteristics, Applications and Prospects. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phpro.2014.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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20
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Okabe H, Ishimoto T, Mima K, Nakagawa S, Hayashi H, Kuroki H, Imai K, Nitta H, Saito S, Hashimoto D, Chikamoto A, Ishiko T, Watanabe M, Nagano O, Beppu T, Saya H, Baba H. CD44s signals the acquisition of the mesenchymal phenotype required for anchorage-independent cell survival in hepatocellular carcinoma. Br J Cancer 2013; 110:958-66. [PMID: 24300972 PMCID: PMC3929866 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2013.759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2013] [Revised: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Circulating tumour cells (CTCs) have an important role in metastatic processes, but details of their basic characteristics remain elusive. We hypothesised that CD44-expressing CTCs show a mesenchymal phenotype and high potential for survival in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: Circulating CD44+CD90+ cells, previously shown to be tumour-initiating cells, were sorted from human blood and their genetic characteristics were compared with those of tumour cells from primary tissues. The mechanism underlying the high survival potential of CD44-expressing cells in the circulatory system was investigated in vitro. Results: CD44+CD90+ cells in the blood acquired epithelial–mesenchymal transition, and CD44 expression remarkably increased from the tissue to the blood. In Li7 and HLE cells, the CD44high population showed higher anoikis resistance and sphere-forming ability than did the CD44low population. This difference was found to be attributed to the upregulation of Twist1 and Akt signal in the CD44high population. Twist1 knockdown showed remarkable reduction in anoikis resistance, sphere formation, and Akt signal in HLE cells. In addition, mesenchymal markers and CD44s expression were downregulated in the Twist1 knockdown. Conclusions: CD44s symbolises the acquisition of a mesenchymal phenotype regulating anchorage-independent capacity. CD44s-expressing tumour cells in peripheral blood are clinically important therapeutic targets in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Okabe
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - T Ishimoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - K Mima
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - S Nakagawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - H Hayashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - H Kuroki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - K Imai
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - H Nitta
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - S Saito
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - D Hashimoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - A Chikamoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - T Ishiko
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - M Watanabe
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - O Nagano
- Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, School of Medicine, Keio University, Minato, Japan
| | - T Beppu
- 1] Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan [2] Department of Multidisciplinary Treatment for Gastroenterological Cancer, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - H Saya
- Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, School of Medicine, Keio University, Minato, Japan
| | - H Baba
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
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Shiraga H, Fujioka S, Nakai M, Watari T, Nakamura H, Arikawa Y, Hosoda H, Nagai T, Koga M, Kikuchi H, Ishii Y, Sogo T, Shigemori K, Nishimura H, Zhang Z, Tanabe M, Ohira S, Fujii Y, Namimoto T, Sakawa Y, Maegawa O, Ozaki T, Tanaka K, Habara H, Iwawaki T, Shimada K, Key M, Norreys P, Pasley J, Nagatomo H, Johzaki T, Sunahara A, Murakami M, Sakagami H, Taguchi T, Norimatsu T, Homma H, Fujimoto Y, Iwamoto A, Miyanaga N, Kawanaka J, Kanabe T, Jitsuno T, Nakata Y, Tsubakimoto K, Sueda K, Kodama R, Kondo K, Morio N, Matsuo S, Kawasaki T, Sawai K, Tsuji K, Murakami H, Sarukura N, Shimizu T, Mima K, Azechi H. Implosion and heating experiments of fast ignition targets by Gekko-XII and LFEX lasers. EPJ Web of Conferences 2013. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20135901008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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22
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23
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Johzaki T, Sunahara A, Fujioka S, Nagatomo H, Sakagami H, Mima K. Fast electron beam guiding for effective core heating. EPJ Web of Conferences 2013. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20135903010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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24
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Seto K, Nagatomo H, Koga J, Taguchi T, Mima K. Theoretical study of ultrarelativistic laser-electron interaction with radiation reaction. EPJ Web of Conferences 2013. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20135917020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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25
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Sakagami H, Johzaki T, Taguchi T, Mima K. Suppression effects of Weibel instability for fast electron divergence. EPJ Web of Conferences 2013. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20135917016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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26
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Nagatomo H, Johzaki T, Sunahara A, Sakagami H, Yanagawa T, Mima K. Optimum design of imploded core plasma for effective fast ignition at GXII. EPJ Web of Conferences 2013. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20135903007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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27
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Otao R, Beppu T, Isiko T, Mima K, Okabe H, Hayashi H, Masuda T, Chikamoto A, Takamori H, Baba H. External biliary drainage and liver regeneration after major hepatectomy. Br J Surg 2012; 99:1569-74. [PMID: 23027074 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.8906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bile acid signalling and farnesoid X receptor activation are assumed to be essential for liver regeneration. This study was designed to investigate the association between serum bile acid levels and extent of liver regeneration after major hepatectomy. METHODS Patients who underwent left- or right-sided hemihepatectomy between 2006 and 2009 at the authors' institution were eligible for inclusion. Patients were divided into two groups: those undergoing hemihepatectomy with external bile drainage by cystic duct tube (group 1) and those having hemihepatectomy without drainage (group 2). Serum bile acid levels were measured before and after hepatectomy. Computed tomography was used to calculate liver volume before hepatectomy and remnant liver volume on day 7 after surgery. RESULTS A total of 46 patients were enrolled. Mean(s.d.) serum bile acid levels on day 3 after hemihepatectomy were significantly higher in group 2 than in group 1 (11·6(13·5) versus 2·7(2·1) µmol/l; P = 0·003). Regenerated liver volumes on day 7 after hepatectomy were significantly greater in group 2 138·1(135·9) ml versus 40·0(158·8) ml in group 1; P = 0·038). Liver regeneration volumes and rates on day 7 after hemihepatectomy were positively associated with serum bile acid levels on day 3 after hemihepatectomy (P = 0·006 and P < 0·001 respectively). The incidence of bile leakage was similar in the two groups. CONCLUSION Initial liver regeneration after major hepatectomy was less after biliary drainage and was associated with serum bile acid levels. External biliary drainage should be used judiciously after liver resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Otao
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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Sanz J, Debayle A, Mima K. Model for ultraintense laser-plasma interaction at normal incidence. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2012; 85:046411. [PMID: 22680590 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.85.046411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2011] [Revised: 02/15/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
An analytical study of the relativistic interaction of a linearly polarized laser field of ω frequency with highly overdense plasma is presented. In agreement with one-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations, the model self-consistently explains the transition between the sheath inverse bremsstrahlung absorption regime and the J×B heating (responsible for the 2ω electron bunches), as well as the high harmonic radiations and the mean electron energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Sanz
- ETSI Aeronáuticos, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid 28040, Spain
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29
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Tikhonchuk V, Mima K. Alternative schemes for the inertial fusion energy. Fusion Engineering and Design 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2011.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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30
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Kuramitsu Y, Nakanii N, Kondo K, Sakawa Y, Mori Y, Miura E, Tsuji K, Kimura K, Fukumochi S, Kashihara M, Tanimoto T, Nakamura H, Ishikura T, Takeda K, Tampo M, Kodama R, Kitagawa Y, Mima K, Tanaka KA, Hoshino M, Takabe H. Experimental evidence of nonthermal acceleration of relativistic electrons by an intensive laser pulse. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2011; 83:026401. [PMID: 21405912 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.83.026401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2009] [Revised: 11/15/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Nonthermal acceleration of relativistic electrons is investigated with an intensive laser pulse. An energy distribution function of energetic particles in the universe or cosmic rays is well represented by a power-law spectrum, therefore, nonthermal acceleration is essential to understand the origin of cosmic rays. A possible candidate for the origin of cosmic rays is wakefield acceleration at relativistic astrophysical perpendicular shocks. The wakefield is considered to be excited by large-amplitude precursor light waves in the upstream of the shocks. Substituting an intensive laser pulse for the large amplitude light waves, we performed a model experiment of the shock environments in a laboratory plasma. An intensive laser pulse was propagated in a plasma tube created by imploding a hollow polystyrene cylinder, as the large amplitude light waves propagated in the upstream plasma at an astrophysical shock. Nonthermal electrons were generated, and the energy distribution functions of the electrons have a power-law component with an index of ~2. We described the detailed procedures to obtain the nonthermal components from data obtained by an electron spectrometer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kuramitsu
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
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Sakawa Y, Nakamura H, Oshima S, Hatakeyama M, Kageiwa N, Hino S, Tanimoto S, Tanabe M, Habara H, Homma H, Norimatsu T, Jitsuno T, Cai H, Zhou W, Johzaki T, Sunahara A, Nagatomo H, Nishimura H, Tanaka KA, Mima K, Azechi H. A model experiment of a double-cone target using a gap target. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/244/4/042012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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32
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Nakai S, Mima K, Kato Y, Tanaka K, Ikeda Y, Azechi H, Miyanaga K, Nakai M, Perlado M, Arrabal RG. Industrial applications of laser neutron source. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/244/4/042027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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33
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Johzaki T, Nagatomo H, Sunahara A, Cai HB, Sakagami H, Mima K. Integrated simulations of core heating in cone-guiding fast ignition, FIREX-I. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/244/2/022040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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34
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Inubushi Y, Okano Y, Nishimura H, Cai H, Nagatomo H, Kai T, Kawamura T, Batani D, Morace A, Redaelli R, Fourment C, Santos JJ, Malka G, Boscheron A, Bonville O, Grenier J, Canal P, Lacoste B, Lepage C, Marmande L, Mazataud E, Casner A, Koenig M, Fujioka S, Nakamura T, Johzaki T, Mima K. X-ray polarization spectroscopy to study anisotropic velocity distribution of hot electrons produced by an ultra-high-intensity laser. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2010; 81:036410. [PMID: 20365885 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.81.036410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2009] [Revised: 03/02/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The anisotropy of the hot-electron velocity distribution in ultra-high-intensity laser produced plasma was studied with x-ray polarization spectroscopy using multilayer planar targets including x-ray emission tracer in the middle layer. This measurement serves as a diagnostic for hot-electron transport from the laser-plasma interaction region to the overdense region where drastic changes in the isotropy of the electron velocity distribution are observed. These polarization degrees are consistent with analysis of a three-dimensional polarization spectroscopy model coupled with particle-in-cell simulations. Electron velocity distribution in the underdense region is affected by the electric field of the laser and that in the overdense region becomes wider with increase in the tracer depth. A full-angular spread in the overdense region of 22.4 degrees -2.4+5.4 was obtained from the measured polarization degree.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Inubushi
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
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35
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Hayashi N, Mima K, Nagai Y, Baba Y, Imamura Y, Hiyoshi Y, Nakamura T, Yoshida N, Toyama E, Miyanari N, Watanabe M, Baba H. Submucosal tumour in a young girl. Gut 2009; 58:1040, 1090. [PMID: 19592684 DOI: 10.1136/gut.2008.160051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N Hayashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan.
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36
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Nakao Y, Katsube M, Ohmura T, Saito Y, Johzaki T, Mima K. Ignition and Burn Properties of DT/D 3He Fuel for Fast-Ignition Inertial Confinement Fusion. Fusion Science and Technology 2009. [DOI: 10.13182/fst09-a8934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Nakao
- Department of Applied Quantum Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - M. Katsube
- Department of Applied Quantum Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - T. Ohmura
- Department of Applied Quantum Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Y. Saito
- Department of Applied Quantum Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - T. Johzaki
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - K. Mima
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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37
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Azechi H, Sakaiya T, Watari T, Karasik M, Saito H, Ohtani K, Takeda K, Hosoda H, Shiraga H, Nakai M, Shigemori K, Fujioka S, Murakami M, Nagatomo H, Johzaki T, Gardner J, Colombant DG, Bates JW, Velikovich AL, Aglitskiy Y, Weaver J, Obenschain S, Eliezer S, Kodama R, Norimatsu T, Fujita H, Mima K, Kan H. Experimental evidence of impact ignition: 100-fold increase of neutron yield by impactor collision. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 102:235002. [PMID: 19658942 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.235002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2008] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We performed integrated experiments on impact ignition, in which a portion of a deuterated polystyrene (CD) shell was accelerated to about 600 km/s and was collided with precompressed CD fuel. The kinetic energy of the impactor was efficiently converted into thermal energy generating a temperature of about 1.6 keV. We achieved a two-order-of-magnitude increase in the neutron yield by optimizing the timing of the impact collision, demonstrating the high potential of impact ignition for fusion energy production.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Azechi
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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38
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Wang WM, Sheng ZM, Wu HC, Chen M, Li C, Zhang J, Mima K. Strong terahertz pulse generation by chirped laser pulses in tenuous gases. Opt Express 2008; 16:16999-17006. [PMID: 18852809 DOI: 10.1364/oe.16.016999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Mechanism of terahertz (THz) pulse generation in gases irradiated by ultrashort laser pulses is investigated theoretically. Quasi-static transverse currents produced by laser field ionization of gases and the longitudinal modulation in formed plasmas are responsible for the THz emission at the electron plasma frequency, as demonstrated by particle-in-cell simulations including field ionization. The THz field amplitude scales linearly with the laser amplitude, which, however, holds only when the latter is at a moderate level. To overcome this limitation, we propose a scheme using chirped laser pulses irradiating on tenuous gas or plasma targets, which can generate THz pulses with amplitude 10-100 times larger than that from the well-known two-color laser scheme, enabling one to obtain THz field up to 10MV/cm with incident laser at approximately 10(16)W/cm(2).
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Affiliation(s)
- W-M Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
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39
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Johzaki T, Nagatomo H, Nakamura T, Sakagami H, Sunahara A, Mima K, Nakao Y. Simulation studies for core heating properties in FIREX-I. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/112/2/022054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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41
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Tanimoto T, Lei AL, Yabuuchi T, Habara H, Kondo K, Kodama R, Mima K, Tanaka KA. Hot electron spatial distribution under presence of laser light self-focusing in over-dense plasmas. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/112/2/022095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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42
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Johzaki T, Nagatomo H, Nakamura T, Sakagami H, Mima K, Kosama R. Integrated simulations for transport of laser-produced relativistic electrons in solid targets. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/112/2/022091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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43
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Ter-Avetisyan S, Schnürer M, Sokollik T, Nickles PV, Sandner W, Reiss HR, Stein J, Habs D, Nakamura T, Mima K. Proton acceleration in the electrostatic sheaths of hot electrons governed by strongly relativistic laser-absorption processes. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2008; 77:016403. [PMID: 18351940 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.77.016403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2007] [Revised: 09/14/2007] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Two different laser energy absorption mechanisms at the front side of a laser-irradiated foil have been found to occur, such that two distinct relativistic electron beams with different properties are produced. One beam arises from the ponderomotively driven electrons propagating in the laser propagation direction, and the other is the result of electrons driven by resonance absorption normal to the target surface. These properties become evident at the rear surface of the target, where they give rise to two spatially separated sources of ions with distinguishable characteristics when ultrashort (40fs) high-intensity laser pulses irradiate a foil at 45 degrees incidence. The laser pulse intensity and the contrast ratio are crucial. One can establish conditions such that one or the other of the laser energy absorption mechanisms is dominant, and thereby one can control the ion acceleration scenarios. The observations are confirmed by particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ter-Avetisyan
- Max-Born-Institute, Max-Born-Strasse 2a, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
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44
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Lei AL, Pukhov A, Kodama R, Yabuuchi T, Adumi K, Endo K, Freeman RR, Habara H, Kitagawa Y, Kondo K, Kumar GR, Matsuoka T, Mima K, Nagatomo H, Norimatsu T, Shorokhov O, Snavely R, Yang XQ, Zheng J, Tanaka KA. Relativistic laser channeling in plasmas for fast ignition. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2007; 76:066403. [PMID: 18233928 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.76.066403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2006] [Revised: 09/17/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We report an experimental observation suggesting plasma channel formation by focusing a relativistic laser pulse into a long-scale-length preformed plasma. The channel direction coincides with the laser axis. Laser light transmittance measurement indicates laser channeling into the high-density plasma with relativistic self-focusing. A three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulation reproduces the plasma channel and reveals that the collimated hot-electron beam is generated along the laser axis in the laser channeling. These findings hold the promising possibility of fast heating a dense fuel plasma with a relativistic laser pulse.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Lei
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
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45
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Inubushi Y, Kai T, Nakamura T, Fujioka S, Nishimura H, Mima K. Analysis of x-ray polarization to determine the three-dimensionally anisotropic velocity distributions of hot electrons in plasma produced by ultrahigh intensity lasers. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2007; 75:026401. [PMID: 17358426 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.75.026401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2006] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
A new polarization spectroscopy model has been developed to analyze energetic electrons distributed in a three-dimensional phase space. This model calculates the polarization degrees for a given line of sight. Time-dependent polarization degrees of Healpha line emitted from heliumlike chlorine ions was obtained for two different lines of sight by using three-dimensional electron velocity distributions provided with two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations. These results demonstrate that the polarization degrees are sensitively dependent on the profile of the electron velocity distributions which are affected by the polarization of the laser pulse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Inubushi
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
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46
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Azechi H, Sakaiya T, Fujioka S, Tamari Y, Otani K, Shigemori K, Nakai M, Shiraga H, Miyanaga N, Mima K. Comprehensive diagnosis of growth rates of the ablative Rayleigh-Taylor instability. Phys Rev Lett 2007; 98:045002. [PMID: 17358782 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.98.045002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2006] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The growth rate of the ablative Rayleigh-Taylor instability is approximated by gamma = square root[kg/(1 + kL)] - beta km/rho(a), where k is the perturbation wave number, g the gravity, L the density scale length, m the mass ablation rate, and rho(a) the peak target density. The coefficient beta was evaluated for the first time by measuring all quantities of this formula except for L, which was taken from the simulation. Although the experimental value of beta = 1.2+/-0.7 at short perturbation wavelengths is in reasonably good agreement with the theoretical prediction of beta = 1.7, it is found to be larger than the prediction at long wavelengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Azechi
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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47
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Habara H, Adumi K, Yabuuchi T, Nakamura T, Chen ZL, Kashihara M, Kodama R, Kondo K, Kumar GR, Lei LA, Matsuoka T, Mima K, Tanaka KA. Surface acceleration of fast electrons with relativistic self-focusing in preformed plasma. Phys Rev Lett 2006; 97:095004. [PMID: 17026373 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.97.095004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
We report an observation of surface acceleration of fast electrons in intense laser-plasma interactions. When a preformed plasma is presented in front of a solid target with a higher laser intensity, the emission direction of fast electrons is changed to the target surface direction from the laser and specular directions. This feature could be caused by the formation of a strong static magnetic field along the target surface which traps and holds fast electrons on the surface. In our experiment, the increase in the laser intensity due to relativistic self-focusing in plasma plays an important role for the formation. The strength of the magnetic field is calculated from the bent angle of the electrons, resulting in tens of percent of laser magnetic field, which agrees well with a two-dimensional particle-in-cell calculation. The strong surface current explains the high conversion efficiency on the cone-guided fast ignitor experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Habara
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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48
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Lei AL, Tanaka KA, Kodama R, Kumar GR, Nagai K, Norimatsu T, Yabuuchi T, Mima K. Optimum hot electron production with low-density foams for laser fusion by fast ignition. Phys Rev Lett 2006; 96:255006. [PMID: 16907316 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.96.255006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2006] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
We propose a foam cone-in-shell target design aiming at optimum hot electron production for the fast ignition. A thin low-density foam is proposed to cover the inner tip of a gold cone inserted in a fuel shell. An intense laser is then focused on the foam to generate hot electrons for the fast ignition. Element experiments demonstrate increased laser energy coupling efficiency into hot electrons without increasing the electron temperature and beam divergence with foam coated targets in comparison with solid targets. This may enhance the laser energy deposition in the compressed fuel plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Lei
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
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Miyanaga N, Azechi H, Tanaka KA, Kanabe T, Jitsuno T, Kawanaka J, Fujimoto Y, Kodama R, Shiraga H, Knodo K, Tsubakimoto K, Habara H, Lu J, Xu G, Morio N, Matsuo S, Miyaji E, Kawakami Y, Izawa Y, Mima K. 10-kJ PW laser for the FIREX-I program. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1051/jp4:2006133016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Johzaki T, Nagatomo H, Sakagami H, Sentoku Y, Nakamura T, Mima K, Nakao Y, Yokota T. Core heating analysis of fast ignition targets by integrated simulations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1051/jp4:2006133077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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