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Pancaro C, Balonov K, Herbert K, Shah N, Segal S, Cassidy R, Engoren MC, Manica V, Habib AS. Role of cosyntropin in the management of postpartum post-dural puncture headache: a two-center retrospective cohort study. Int J Obstet Anesth 2023; 56:103917. [PMID: 37625985 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijoa.2023.103917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research suggests that postpartum post-dural puncture headache (PDPH) might be prevented or treated by administering intravenous cosyntropin. METHODS In this retrospective cohort study, we questioned whether prophylactic (1 mg) and therapeutic (7 µg/kg) intravenous cosyntropin following unintentional dural puncture (UDP) was effective in decreasing the incidence of PDPH and therapeutic epidural blood patch (EBP) after birth. Two tertiary-care American university hospitals collected data from November 1999 to May 2017. Two hundred and fifty-three postpartum patients who experienced an UDP were analyzed. In one institution 32 patients were exposed to and 32 patients were not given prophylactic cosyntropin; in the other institution, once PDPH developed, 36 patients were given and 153 patients were not given therapeutic cosyntropin. The primary outcome for the prophylactic cosyntropin analysis was the incidence of PDPH and for the therapeutic cosyntropin analysis in exposed vs. unexposed patients, the receipt of an EBP. The secondary outcome for the prophylactic cosyntropin groups was the receipt of an EBP. RESULTS In the prophylactic cosyntropin analysis no significant difference was found in the risk of PDPH between those exposed to cosyntropin (19/32, 59%) and unexposed patients (17/32, 53%; odds ratio (OR) 1.37, 95% CI 0.48 to 3.98, P = 0.56), or in the incidence of EBP between exposed (12/32, 38%) and unexposed patients (6/32, 19%; OR 2.6, 95% CI 0.83 to 8.13, P = 0.095). In the therapeutic cosyntropin analysis, in patients exposed to cosyntropin the incidence of EBP was significantly higher (20/36, 56% vs. 43/153, 28%; OR 3.20, 95% CI 1.52 to 6.74, P = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS Our data show no benefits from the use of cosyntropin for preventing or treating postpartum PDPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Pancaro
- Departments of Anesthesiology at the University of Michigan, Tufts, Duke University School of Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine and Medical University of South Carolina, USA.
| | - K Balonov
- Departments of Anesthesiology at the University of Michigan, Tufts, Duke University School of Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine and Medical University of South Carolina, USA
| | - K Herbert
- Departments of Anesthesiology at the University of Michigan, Tufts, Duke University School of Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine and Medical University of South Carolina, USA
| | - N Shah
- Departments of Anesthesiology at the University of Michigan, Tufts, Duke University School of Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine and Medical University of South Carolina, USA
| | - S Segal
- Departments of Anesthesiology at the University of Michigan, Tufts, Duke University School of Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine and Medical University of South Carolina, USA
| | - R Cassidy
- Departments of Anesthesiology at the University of Michigan, Tufts, Duke University School of Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine and Medical University of South Carolina, USA
| | - M C Engoren
- Departments of Anesthesiology at the University of Michigan, Tufts, Duke University School of Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine and Medical University of South Carolina, USA
| | - V Manica
- Departments of Anesthesiology at the University of Michigan, Tufts, Duke University School of Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine and Medical University of South Carolina, USA
| | - A S Habib
- Departments of Anesthesiology at the University of Michigan, Tufts, Duke University School of Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine and Medical University of South Carolina, USA
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Kariyawasam DS, D'Silva AM, Sampaio H, Briggs N, Herbert K, Wiley V, Farrar MA. Newborn screening for spinal muscular atrophy in Australia: a non-randomised cohort study. Lancet Child Adolesc Health 2023; 7:159-170. [PMID: 36669516 DOI: 10.1016/s2352-4642(22)00342-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In light of a new therapeutic era for spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), newborn screening has been proposed as a gateway to facilitate expedient diagnosis and access to therapeutics. However, there is paucity of evidence on health outcomes outside the homogenous populations in clinical trials to justify broader implementation of newborn screening for SMA. In this real-world study, we aimed to investigate the effectiveness of newborn screening coupled with access to disease-modifying therapeutics, as an intervention for SMA. METHODS In this prospective, non-randomised cohort study done at Sydney Children's Hospital Network (NSW, Australia), we included children younger than 16 years with homozygous exon 7 deletions of survival motor neuron 1 gene (SMN1) mutations, non-selectively assigned to a screening group (incident population diagnosed by newborn screening) from Aug 1, 2018, to Aug 1, 2020, or a comparator group (incident population diagnosed by clinical referral) from Aug 1, 2016, to July 31, 2018. We excluded infants with compound heterozygous SMN1 mutations and those participating in ongoing and unpublished clinical trials. Effectiveness of newborn screening for SMA was compared using motor development milestone attainment defined by WHO Multicentre Growth Reference Study at 2 years post diagnosis. Secondary outcome measures included mortality and change in Hammersmith Infant Neurological Examination-2 (HINE-2) score, ventilation requirements, and enteral requirements 2 years from the time of diagnosis. FINDINGS 34 children met the study inclusion criteria, but 33 children were included in the study population after one neonate was excluded due to participation in an ongoing unpublished clinical trial. 15 children were included in the screening group (seven [47%] male and eight [53%] female; median age 2·1 weeks [IQR 1·9-2·7]) and 18 children (nine [50%] male and nine [50%] female) were included in the comparator group (median age 47·8 weeks [13·0-99·9]). The 2-year survival rate was 93% (14 of 15 children) in the screening group and 89% (16 of 18) in the comparator group. Among survivors, 11 (79%) of 14 walked independently or with assistance in the screening group, compared with one (6%) of 16 children in the comparator group (χ2=16·27; p<0·0001). A significantly greater change in motor function was observed in the screening group compared with the comparator group over 2 years (HINE-2 score group difference, 12·32; p<0·0001). The requirement for non-intensive ventilation or feeding support at follow-up was higher in the comparator group than in the screening group (odds ratio 7·1 [95% CI 0·7-70·2]). Significant predictors of functional motor outcomes as determined by HINE-2 score at 2 years post diagnosis were HINE-2 score (p=0·0022), CHOP-INTEND (p=0·0001), compound muscle action potential (CMAP; p=0·0006), and disease status (p=0·023) at diagnosis. INTERPRETATION Newborn screening for SMA, coupled with early access to disease-modifying therapies, effectively ameliorates the functional burden and associated comorbidities for affected children. For children diagnosed through newborn screening, motor score, CMAP, and disease status at diagnosis has clinical utility to determine functional independence. FUNDING Brain Foundation and National Health and Medical Research Council.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didu S Kariyawasam
- Department of Neurology, Sydney Children's Hospital Network, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Arlene M D'Silva
- Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Hugo Sampaio
- Department of Neurology, Sydney Children's Hospital Network, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nancy Briggs
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Karen Herbert
- Department of Physiotherapy, Sydney Children's Hospital Network, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Veronica Wiley
- New South Wales Newborn Screening Program, Children's Hospital Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Michelle A Farrar
- Department of Neurology, Sydney Children's Hospital Network, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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D'Silva AM, Holland S, Kariyawasam D, Herbert K, Barclay P, Cairns A, MacLennan SC, Ryan MM, Sampaio H, Smith N, Woodcock IR, You EM, Alexander IE, Farrar MA. Onasemnogene abeparvovec in spinal muscular atrophy: an Australian experience of safety and efficacy. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2022; 9:339-350. [PMID: 35170254 PMCID: PMC8935277 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To provide a greater understanding of the tolerability, safety and clinical outcomes of onasemnogene abeparvovec in real‐world practice, in a broad population of infants with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). Methods A prospective cohort study of children with SMA treated with onasemnogene abeparvovec at Sydney Children's Hospital Network, Australia was conducted from August 2019 to November 2021. Safety outcomes included clinical and laboratory evaluations. Efficacy assessments included World Health Organisation (WHO) motor milestones, oral and swallowing abilities, and requirements for respiratory support. The implementation of a model of care for onasemnogene abeparvovec administration in health practice is described. Results 21 children were treated (age range, 0.65–24 months; body weight range, 2.5–12.5 kg) and 19/21 (90.4%) had previous nusinersen. Transient treatment‐related side effects occurred in all children; vomiting (100%), transaminitis (57%) and thrombocytopaenia (33%). Incidence of moderate/severe transaminitis was significantly greater in infants weighing ≥8 kg compared with <8 kg (p < 0.05). Duration of prednisolone following treatment was prolonged (mean 87.5 days, range 57–274 days). 16/21 (76%) children gained at least one WHO motor milestone. Stabilisation or improvement in bulbar or respiratory function was observed in 20/21 (95.2%) patients. Implementation challenges were mitigated by developing standard operating procedures and facilitating exchange of knowledge. Interpretation This study provides real‐world evidence to inform treatment decisions and guide therapeutic expectations for onasemnogene abeparvovec and combination therapy for SMA in health practice, especially for children weighing ≥8 kg receiving higher vector loads. Proactive clinical and laboratory surveillance is essential to facilitate individualised management of risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arlene M D'Silva
- Department of Neurology, Sydney Children's Hospital Network, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, Randwick Clinical Campus, Discipline of Paediatrics, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sandra Holland
- Department of Neurology, Sydney Children's Hospital Network, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Didu Kariyawasam
- Department of Neurology, Sydney Children's Hospital Network, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, Randwick Clinical Campus, Discipline of Paediatrics, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Karen Herbert
- Physiotherapy, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Peter Barclay
- Department of Pharmacy, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney Children's Hospital Randwick and The Royal Hospital for Women, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anita Cairns
- Neurosciences Department, Queensland's Children Hospital, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Suzanna C MacLennan
- Neurology Department, Women's & Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Monique M Ryan
- Department of Neurology, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.,Neuroscience Research Group, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Hugo Sampaio
- Department of Neurology, Sydney Children's Hospital Network, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nicholas Smith
- Gene Therapy Research Unit, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network and Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Westmead, Australia
| | - Ian R Woodcock
- Department of Neurology, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.,Neuroscience Research Group, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Eppie M You
- Department of Neurology, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.,Neuroscience Research Group, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ian E Alexander
- Gene Therapy Research Unit, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network and Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Westmead, Australia.,Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michelle A Farrar
- Department of Neurology, Sydney Children's Hospital Network, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, Randwick Clinical Campus, Discipline of Paediatrics, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Kariyawasam DST, D'Silva AM, Herbert K, Howells J, Carey K, Kandula T, Farrar MA, Lin CSY. Axonal excitability changes in children with spinal muscular atrophy treated with nusinersen. J Physiol 2021; 600:95-109. [PMID: 34783018 DOI: 10.1113/jp282249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is associated with developmental disruption of motor axons in ventral roots of the spinal cord alongside motor axon degeneration. The pathogenesis of peripheral axonal change during development is pertinent to understand treatment response. Nerve excitability techniques, stimulating the median motor nerve at the wrist, were utilised to investigate axonal change during neurodevelopment in 24 children with SMA, compared with 71 age-matched controls. Longitudinal axonal response to nusinersen treatment in 18 children was also investigated. Significant differences in axonal development were noted in the youngest children with SMA, signified by reduced compound muscle action potential (CMAP) (P = 0.030), higher axonal threshold (P = 0.016), rheobase (minimal current amplitude of infinite duration, required to generate an action potential) (P = 0.012) and greater changes in depolarising and hyperpolarising threshold electrotonus. Subexcitability increased in all children with SMA, compared to controls. With treatment, nerve excitability changes were observed prominently in young children, with increases in CMAP, reduction in axonal threshold, fanning-in of threshold electrotonus, increase in resting current-threshold slope and reduction in subexcitability. Whilst motor axons continue to mature in SMA, developmental delays in passive and active membrane properties occur especially in early childhood. Concurrently, motor axons actively undergo degeneration. Nusinersen restores the developmental trajectory of motor axons reducing degeneration, especially in children with early treatment initiation. Our findings move the field forward in understanding the developmental aspect of childhood-onset motor neurone diseases and changes in axonal function associated with disease modification. KEY POINTS: Pathomechanisms in spinal muscular atrophy involve concurrent neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative processes. The greatest delays in maturation of the passive and active properties of the peripheral motor axon are seen in early childhood. Nusinersen facilitates developmental recovery of the motor axon whilst also reducing neurodegeneration. Axonal dysfunction is reversed with SMN repletion particularly when intervention occurs early in development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didu S T Kariyawasam
- Department of Neurology, Randwick, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Arlene M D'Silva
- School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Karen Herbert
- Department of Physiotherapy, Randwick, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - James Howells
- Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kate Carey
- School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tejaswi Kandula
- Department of Neurology, Randwick, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michelle A Farrar
- Department of Neurology, Randwick, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Cindy Shin-Yi Lin
- Translational Research Collective, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Kariyawasam D, D'Silva A, Howells J, Herbert K, Geelan-Small P, Lin CSY, Farrar MA. Motor unit changes in children with symptomatic spinal muscular atrophy treated with nusinersen. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2020; 92:jnnp-2020-324254. [PMID: 33106369 PMCID: PMC7803907 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2020-324254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To elucidate the motor unit response to intrathecal nusinersen in children with symptomatic spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) using a novel motor unit number estimation technique. METHODS MScanFit MUNE studies were sequentially undertaken from the abductor pollicis brevis muscle after stimulation of the median nerve in a prospective cohort of symptomatic children with SMA, undergoing intrathecal treatment with nusinersen at a single neuromuscular centre from June 2017 to August 2019. Electrophysiological measures included compound muscle action potential (CMAP), motor unit number estimation (MUNE), motor unit number contributing to 50%-100% of CMAP (N50) and measures of collateral reinnervation including largest single motor unit potential (LSMUP) and amplitude of the smallest unit contributing to N50 (A50). RESULTS Twenty children (median age 99 months, range 4-193) were followed for a median of 13.8 (4-33.5) months. Therapeutic intervention was an independent and significant contributor to an increase in CMAP (p = 0.005), MUNE (p = 0.001) and N50 (p = 0.04). The magnitude of this electrophysiological response was increased in children with shorter disease durations (p<0.05). Electrophysiological changes delineated children who were functionally stable from those who attained clinically significant gains in motor function. INTERPRETATION Nusinersen therapy facilitated functional innervation in SMA through recovery of smaller motor units. Delineation of biomechanisms of therapeutic response may be the first step in identifying potential novel targets for disease modification in this and other motor neuropathies. MScanFit MUNE techniques may have a broader role in establishing biomarkers of therapeutic response in similar adult-onset diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didu Kariyawasam
- Neurology, Sydney Children's Hospital Randwick, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Arlene D'Silva
- School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - James Howells
- Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Karen Herbert
- Physiotherapy, Syndey Children's Hospital, Randwick, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Peter Geelan-Small
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Cindy Shin-Yi Lin
- Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michelle Anne Farrar
- Neurology, Sydney Children's Hospital Randwick, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Irodi A, Rye T, Herbert K, Churchman M, Bartos C, Mackean M, Nussey F, Herrington CS, Gourley C, Hollis RL. Patterns of clinicopathological features and outcome in epithelial ovarian cancer patients: 35 years of prospectively collected data. BJOG 2020; 127:1409-1420. [PMID: 32285600 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.16264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Investigate the clinical landscape of ovarian carcinoma (OC) over time. DESIGN Register-based prospectively collected data. SETTING South East Scotland. SAMPLE A total of 2805 OC patients diagnosed in 1981-2015. METHODS Survival times were visualised using the Kaplan-Meier method; median survival, 5-year survival probabilities and associated restricted mean survival time analyses were used to quantify survival differences. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Disease-specific survival. RESULTS A significant increase in disease-specific survival (DSS) from 1981-1985 to 2011-2015 was observed (median 1.73 versus 4.23 years, P < 0.0001). Corresponding increase in progression-free survival (PFS) was not statistically significant (median 1.22 versus 1.58 years, P = 0.2568). An increase in the proportion of cases with low residual disease volume (RD) (<2 cm RD) following debulking was observed (54.0% versus 87.7%, P < 0.0001). The proportion of high grade serous (HGS) cases increased (P < 0.0001), whereas endometrioid and mucinous cases decreased (P = 0.0005 and P = 0.0002). Increases in stage IV HGS OC incidence (P = 0.0009) and stage IV HGS OC DSS (P = 0.0122) were observed. Increasing median age at diagnosis correlated with increasing Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status (ECOG PS) over time (r = 0.86). CONCLUSIONS OC DSS has improved over the last 35 years. PFS has not significantly increased, highlighting that improvement in outcome has been limited to extending post-relapse survival. Distribution of stage at diagnosis, histological subtype and RD following debulking has changed over time, reflecting evolution in tumour classification, staging and optimal debulking definitions (from low RD to minimal or zero RD). Histology, stage, RD and ECOG PS remain reliable outcome predictors. Increasing median age at diagnosis and ECOG PS indicates demographic shifts in the clinical population. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT Significant improvement in ovarian carcinoma survival has been seen over time. Most of this improvement is due to an extension of survival following disease relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Irodi
- Nicola Murray Centre for Ovarian Cancer Research, Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - T Rye
- Nicola Murray Centre for Ovarian Cancer Research, Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - K Herbert
- Nicola Murray Centre for Ovarian Cancer Research, Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Oxford Cancer Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - M Churchman
- Nicola Murray Centre for Ovarian Cancer Research, Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - C Bartos
- Nicola Murray Centre for Ovarian Cancer Research, Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - M Mackean
- Edinburgh Cancer Centre, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - F Nussey
- Edinburgh Cancer Centre, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - C S Herrington
- Nicola Murray Centre for Ovarian Cancer Research, Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - C Gourley
- Nicola Murray Centre for Ovarian Cancer Research, Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - R L Hollis
- Nicola Murray Centre for Ovarian Cancer Research, Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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Mandarakas MR, Menezes MP, Rose KJ, Shy R, Eichinger K, Foscan M, Estilow T, Kennedy R, Herbert K, Bray P, Refshauge K, Ryan MM, Yiu EM, Farrar M, Sampaio H, Moroni I, Pagliano E, Pareyson D, Yum SW, Herrmann DN, Acsadi G, Shy ME, Burns J, Sanmaneechai O. Development and validation of the Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease Infant Scale. Brain 2019; 141:3319-3330. [PMID: 30476010 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awy280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Many genetic subtypes of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) show signs of symptomatic disease during the earliest years of life. This might be the ideal time to intervene before progression of clinical sequelae due to demyelination and axonal loss. In the absence of disease-specific clinical trial outcome measures for CMT during infancy and early childhood the aim of this study was to develop and validate a functional measure of disease severity, known as the Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease Infant Scale (CMTInfS). Development projects involved identification of a preliminary pool of 31 items representing the range of disability in affected patients aged 0-4 years from a systematic review of the literature, peer review by 12 expert clinicians and researchers in the field, design of a scoring algorithm and pilot testing in 22 participants. Subsequently, a series of validation projects were conducted based on 128 assessments of: 26 confirmed cases of inherited neuropathy (17 CMT1A, one CMT1B, one CMT1D, one CMT2C, one CMT2S, two CMT4C, one CMTX3, one Riboflavin Transporter Deficiency Type 2, and one unidentified mutation); seven 'at risk' cases and 95 unaffected healthy controls recruited through the NIH-funded Inherited Neuropathies Consortium. Validation projects included: Item, Factor and Rasch analysis, intra- and inter-rater reliability, discriminant ability and convergent validity with the CMT Pediatric Scale (CMTPedS) for children aged 3-4 years. Development and validation projects produced a psychometrically robust 15-item scale. Rasch analysis supported the viability of the CMTInfS as a unidimensional measure of disease severity and showed good overall model fit, no evidence of misfitting items or persons and was well targeted for affected children. The CMTInfS demonstrated high intra-rater reliability [intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC)3,1 0.999, 95% confidence interval 0.996-1.000) and inter-rater reliability (ICC2,1 0.997, 95% confidence interval 0.992-0.999). The CMTInfS was able to discriminate between the CMT group and controls (P = 0.006), and convergent validity demonstrated good agreement between CMTInfS and CMTPedS scores (r = 0.76, P = 0.01). The final version of the CMTInfS requires 20 min to administer and is a reliable and sensitive functional outcome measure for early onset CMT and related neuropathies.10.1093/brain/awy280_video1awy280media15970672819001.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa R Mandarakas
- The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Children's Hospitals Network (Randwick and Westmead), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Manoj P Menezes
- The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Children's Hospitals Network (Randwick and Westmead), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kristy J Rose
- The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Children's Hospitals Network (Randwick and Westmead), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rosemary Shy
- University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | | | - Maria Foscan
- IRCCS Foundation, Carlo Besta Neurological Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Timothy Estilow
- The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, and Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rachel Kennedy
- The Royal Children's Hospital, Murdoch Children's Research Institute and University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Karen Herbert
- Sydney Children's Hospitals Network (Randwick and Westmead), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Paula Bray
- Sydney Children's Hospitals Network (Randwick and Westmead), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Monique M Ryan
- The Royal Children's Hospital, Murdoch Children's Research Institute and University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Eppie M Yiu
- The Royal Children's Hospital, Murdoch Children's Research Institute and University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michelle Farrar
- Sydney Children's Hospitals Network (Randwick and Westmead), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales Medicine, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Hugo Sampaio
- Sydney Children's Hospitals Network (Randwick and Westmead), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Isabella Moroni
- IRCCS Foundation, Carlo Besta Neurological Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Davide Pareyson
- IRCCS Foundation, Carlo Besta Neurological Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Sabrina W Yum
- The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, and Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Gyula Acsadi
- Connecticut Children's Medical Center, Hartford, CT, USA
| | - Michael E Shy
- University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Joshua Burns
- The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Children's Hospitals Network (Randwick and Westmead), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Oranee Sanmaneechai
- Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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8
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Mandarakas MR, Menezes MP, Rose KJ, Shy R, Eichinger K, Foscan M, Estilow T, Kennedy R, Herbert K, Bray P, Refshauge K, Ryan MM, Yiu EM, Farrar M, Sampaio H, Moroni I, Pagliano E, Pareyson D, Yum SW, Herrmann DN, Acsadi G, Shy ME, Burns J, Sanmaneechai O. Erratum to: Development and validation of the Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease Infant Scale. Brain 2019; 142:e14. [DOI: 10.1093/brain/awy332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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9
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Zhang W, Herbert K, Opoku-Anane J. Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Surgery at a Large Public Hospital in Kampala, Uganda. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2018.09.433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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10
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Farrar MA, Teoh HL, Carey KA, Cairns A, Forbes R, Herbert K, Holland S, Jones KJ, Menezes MP, Morrison M, Munro K, Villano D, Webster R, Woodcock IR, Yiu EM, Sampaio H, Ryan MM. Nusinersen for SMA: expanded access programme. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2018; 89:937-942. [PMID: 29549190 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2017-317412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a devastating motor neuron disorder causing progressive muscle weakness and respiratory insufficiency. We present the initial Australian experiences implementing the expanded access programme (EAP) to enable preapproval access to nusinersen, the first disease-modifying therapy, for SMA type 1. METHODS An Australian multicentre, open-label EAP for nusinersen enrolled patients with infantile-onset SMA type 1 from November 2016 to September 2017. Standard-of-care medical therapy and treatment with intrathecal nusinersen were provided to all patients. Clinical and diagnostic characteristics, molecular genetics, treatment administered, and functional motor outcomes were assessed. RESULTS A total of 20 patients with SMA type 1 met the inclusion criteria, of whom 16 consented and received nusinersen treatment. Median time to diagnosis from symptom onset was 5.0 months and was correlated with age of onset (r=0.54, P<0.05). Management shifts included proactive nutritional and pulmonary support in all newly diagnosed patients with increased complexity of decision making. Supplemental nutrition with or without nocturnal non-invasive ventilation was implemented during follow-up in new diagnoses with age of onset <3 months and 2 SMN2 copies. CONCLUSIONS The nusinersen EAP highlights difficulties in achieving early diagnosis and/or prevention, the evolution of optimal clinical care in a time of uncertain prognostication, resource implications and ethical issues in clinical practice for SMA type 1. These challenges are broadly relevant to the realisation of all novel therapeutics in neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle A Farrar
- Department of Neurology, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Sydney, Australia.,School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Medicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Hooi Ling Teoh
- Department of Neurology, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Sydney, Australia.,School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Medicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Kate A Carey
- Department of Neurology, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Sydney, Australia.,School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Medicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Anita Cairns
- Department of Neurology, Lady Cilento Children's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Robin Forbes
- Department of Neurology, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Karen Herbert
- Department of Physiotherapy, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sandra Holland
- Department of Neurology, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Sydney, Australia
| | - Kristi J Jones
- Department of Neurology, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Sydney, Australia.,Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, The Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Manoj P Menezes
- Department of Neurology, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Sydney, Australia.,Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, The Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Margot Morrison
- Department of Neurology, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Sydney, Australia
| | - Kate Munro
- Department of Neurology, Lady Cilento Children's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Daniella Villano
- Department of Neurology, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Richard Webster
- Department of Neurology, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Sydney, Australia.,Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, The Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ian R Woodcock
- Department of Neurology, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Eppie M Yiu
- Department of Neurology, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Hugo Sampaio
- Department of Neurology, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Sydney, Australia.,School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Medicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Monique M Ryan
- Department of Neurology, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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11
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Sorensen JPR, Vivanco A, Ascott MJ, Gooddy DC, Lapworth DJ, Read DS, Rushworth CM, Bucknall J, Herbert K, Karapanos I, Gumm LP, Taylor RG. Online fluorescence spectroscopy for the real-time evaluation of the microbial quality of drinking water. Water Res 2018; 137:301-309. [PMID: 29554534 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
We assessed the utility of online fluorescence spectroscopy for the real-time evaluation of the microbial quality of untreated drinking water. Online fluorimeters were installed on the raw water intake at four groundwater-derived UK public water supplies alongside existing turbidity sensors that are used to forewarn of the presence of microbial contamination in the water industry. The fluorimeters targeted fluorescent dissolved organic matter (DOM) peaks at excitation/emission wavelengths of 280/365 nm (tryptophan-like fluorescence, TLF) and 280/450 nm (humic-like fluorescence, HLF). Discrete samples were collected for Escherichia coli, total bacterial cell counts by flow cytometry, and laboratory-based fluorescence and absorbance. Both TLF and HLF were strongly correlated with E. coli (ρ = 0.71-0.77) and total bacterial cell concentrations (ρ = 0.73-0.76), whereas the correlations between turbidity and E. coli (ρ = 0.48) and total bacterial cell counts (ρ = 0.40) were much weaker. No clear TLF peak was observed at the sites and all apparent TLF was considered to be optical bleed-through from the neighbouring HLF peak. Therefore, a HLF fluorimeter alone would be sufficient to evaluate the microbial water quality at these sources. Fluorescent DOM was also influenced by site operations such as pump start-up and the precipitation of cations on the sensor windows. Online fluorescent DOM sensors are a better indicator of the microbial quality of untreated drinking water than turbidity and they have wide-ranging potential applications within the water industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P R Sorensen
- British Geological Survey, Maclean Building, Wallingford, OX10 8BB, UK.
| | - A Vivanco
- British Geological Survey, Maclean Building, Wallingford, OX10 8BB, UK
| | - M J Ascott
- British Geological Survey, Maclean Building, Wallingford, OX10 8BB, UK
| | - D C Gooddy
- British Geological Survey, Maclean Building, Wallingford, OX10 8BB, UK
| | - D J Lapworth
- British Geological Survey, Maclean Building, Wallingford, OX10 8BB, UK
| | - D S Read
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Maclean Building, Wallingford, OX10 8BB, UK
| | - C M Rushworth
- Chelsea Technologies Group, 55 Central Ave, Molesey, West Molesey, KT8 2QZ, UK
| | - J Bucknall
- Portsmouth Water, PO Box 99, West Street, Havant, Hampshire, PO9 1LG, UK
| | - K Herbert
- Wessex Water, Wessex Road, Dorchester, DT1 2NY, UK
| | - I Karapanos
- Affinity Water, Tamblin Way, Hatfield, AL10 9EZ, UK
| | - L P Gumm
- British Geological Survey, Maclean Building, Wallingford, OX10 8BB, UK
| | - R G Taylor
- Department of Geography, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
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Barr DA, Coussens AK, Irvine S, Ritchie ND, Herbert K, Choo-Kang B, Raeside D, Bell DJ, Seaton RA. Paradoxical upgrading reaction in extra-pulmonary tuberculosis: association with vitamin D therapy. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2018; 21:677-683. [PMID: 28482963 PMCID: PMC5424669 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.16.0927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
SETTING: Glasgow, Scotland, UK. BACKGROUND: Paradoxical reactions in tuberculosis (TB) are a notable example of our incomplete understanding of host-pathogen interactions during anti-tuberculosis treatment. OBJECTIVES: To determine risk factors for a TB paradoxical reaction, and specifically to assess for an independent association with vitamin D use. DESIGN: Consecutive human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) negative adult patients treated for extra-pulmonary TB were identified from an Extended Surveillance of Mycobacterial Infections database. In our setting, vitamin D was variably prescribed for newly diagnosed TB patients. A previously published definition of paradoxical TB reaction was retrospectively applied to, and data on all previously described risk factors were extracted from, centralised electronic patient records. The association with vitamin D use was assessed using multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS: Of the 249 patients included, most had TB adenopathy; 222/249 had microbiologically and/or histologically confirmed TB. Vitamin D was prescribed for 57/249 (23%) patients; 37/249 (15%) were classified as having paradoxical reactions. Younger age, acid-fast bacilli-positive invasive samples, multiple disease sites, lower lymphocyte count and vitamin D use were found to be independent risk factors. CONCLUSION: We speculate that vitamin D-mediated signalling of pro-inflammatory innate immune cells, along with high antigenic load, may mediate paradoxical reactions in anti-tuberculosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Barr
- Wellcome Trust Liverpool Glasgow Centre for Global Health Research, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - A K Coussens
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa
| | - S Irvine
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow
| | - N D Ritchie
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow
| | | | - B Choo-Kang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow
| | | | - D J Bell
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - R A Seaton
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
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Hauser CE, Giljohann KM, Rigby M, Herbert K, Curran I, Pascoe C, Williams NSG, Cousens RD, Moore JL. Practicable methods for delimiting a plant invasion. DIVERS DISTRIB 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.12388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Cindy E. Hauser
- School of BioSciences; University of Melbourne; Melbourne Vic. 3010 Australia
- School of Ecosystem & Forest Sciences; University of Melbourne; Melbourne Vic. 3010 Australia
| | - Katherine M. Giljohann
- School of BioSciences; University of Melbourne; Melbourne Vic. 3010 Australia
- School of Ecosystem & Forest Sciences; University of Melbourne; Melbourne Vic. 3010 Australia
| | - Michael Rigby
- Department of Infrastructure Engineering; University of Melbourne; Melbourne Vic. 3010 Australia
| | - Karen Herbert
- Murrumbidgee Landcare Inc.; School of Environmental Sciences; Charles Sturt University; Albury NSW 2640 Australia
| | - Iris Curran
- Parks Victoria; Kiewa Valley Highway Tawonga South Vic. 3698 Australia
| | - Charlie Pascoe
- Parks Victoria; 62-68 Ovens St Wangaratta Vic. 3677 Australia
| | - Nicholas S. G. Williams
- School of Ecosystem & Forest Sciences; University of Melbourne; Melbourne Vic. 3010 Australia
| | - Roger D. Cousens
- School of BioSciences; University of Melbourne; Melbourne Vic. 3010 Australia
| | - Joslin L. Moore
- School of Biological Sciences; Monash University; Clayton Vic. 3800 Australia
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Allahwala U, Herbert K, Straiton N, Brady P, Choong C, Hansen P, Bhindi R. Baseline six-minute-walk-test distance predicts functional improvement in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation. Heart Lung Circ 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2015.06.361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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15
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Cheah CY, Hofman MS, Dickinson M, Wirth A, Westerman D, Harrison SJ, Burbury K, Wolf M, Januszewicz H, Herbert K, Prince HM, Carney DA, Ritchie DS, Hicks RJ, Seymour JF. Limited role for surveillance PET-CT scanning in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in complete metabolic remission following primary therapy. Br J Cancer 2013; 109:312-7. [PMID: 23807169 PMCID: PMC3721385 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2013.338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2013] [Revised: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The usefulness of positron emission tomography with computed tomography (PET–CT) in the surveillance of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) in complete metabolic remission after primary therapy is not well studied. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of our database between 2002 and 2009 for patients with de novo DLBCL who underwent surveillance PET–CT after achieving complete metabolic response (CMR) following primary therapy. Results: Four-hundred and fifty scans were performed in 116 patients, with a median follow-up of 53 (range 8–133) months from completion of therapy. Thirteen patients (11%) relapsed: seven were suspected clinically and six were subclinical (all within first 18 months). The positive predictive value in patients with international prognostic index (IPI) <3 was 56% compared with 80% in patients with IPI⩾3. Including indeterminate scans, PET–CT retained high sensitivity 95% and specificity 97% for relapse. Conclusion: Positron emission tomography with computed tomography is not useful in patients for the majority of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in CMR after primary therapy, with the possible exception of patients with baseline IPI ⩾3 in the 18 months following completion of primary therapy. This issue could be addressed by a prospective clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Y Cheah
- Department of Haematology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Dickinson M, Herbert K, Sardjono C, Le T, Link E, Zannino D, Ruell S, Seymour J, Kenealy M, Prince H. P-276 High doses of eltrombopag are well-tolerated in conjunction with azacitidine and demonstrate encouraging activity in patients with MDS and AML. Leuk Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s0145-2126(13)70323-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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17
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Webb DR, Herbert K, Davies MJ, Khunti K, Sattar N, Stehouwer CDA. Biomarker research in glucose disorders: current concepts and clinical applications. J Diabetes Res 2013; 2013:290671. [PMID: 23844372 PMCID: PMC3703428 DOI: 10.1155/2013/290671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2013] [Accepted: 03/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- D. R. Webb
- Diabetes Research Unit, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK
- *D. R. Webb:
| | - K. Herbert
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Clinical Sciences Wing, Glenfield General Hospital, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK
| | - Melanie J. Davies
- Diabetes Research Unit, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK
| | - K. Khunti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Princess Road West, Leicester LE1 6TP, UK
| | - N. Sattar
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Centre, Wolfson Medical School Building, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - C. D. A. Stehouwer
- Maastricht University Medical Centre, P.O. BOX 5800, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Fusaro M, Fusaro M, Noale M, Tripepi G, D'angelo A, Miozzo D, Gallieni M, Study Group PV, Tsamelesvili M, Dimitriadis C, Papagianni A, Raidis C, Efstratiadis G, Memmos D, Mutluay R, Konca Degertekin C, Derici U, Deger SM, Akkiyal F, Gultekin S, Gonen S, Tacoy G, Arinsoy T, Sindel S, Sanchez-Perales C, Vazquez E, Merino E, Perez Del Barrio P, Borrego FJ, Borrego MJ, Liebana A, Krzanowski M, Janda K, Dumnicka P, Krasniak A, Sulowicz W, Kim YO, Yoon SA, Yun YS, Song HC, Kim BS, Cheong MA, Pasch A, Farese S, Floege J, Jahnen-Dechent W, Ohtake T, Ohtake T, Furuya R, Iwagami M, Tsutsumi D, Mochida Y, Ishioka K, Oka M, Maesato K, Moriya H, Hidaka S, Kobayashi S, Guedes A, Malho Guedes A, Pinho A, Fragoso A, Cruz A, Mendes P, Morgado E, Bexiga I, Silva AP, Neves P, Oyake N, Suzuki K, Itoh S, Yano S, Turkmen K, Kayikcioglu H, Ozbek O, Saglam M, Toker A, Tonbul HZ, Gelev S, Trajceska L, Srbinovska E, Pavleska S, Amitov V, Selim G, Dzekova P, Sikole A, Bouarich H, Lopez S, Alvarez C, Arribas I, DE Sequera P, Rodriguez D, Fusaro M, Fusaro M, Noale M, Tripepi G, D'angelo A, Miozzo D, Gallieni M, Study Group PV, Tanaka S, Kanemitsu T, Sugahara M, Kobayashi M, Uchida L, Ishimoto Y, Kotera N, Tanimoto S, Tanabe K, Hara K, Sugimoto T, Mise N, Goldstein B, Turakhia M, Arce C, Winkelmayer W, Zayed BED, Said K, Nishimura M, Nishimura M, Okamoto Y, Tokoro T, Nishida M, Hashimoto T, Iwamoto N, Takahashi H, Ono T, Nishimura M, Okamoto Y, Tokoro T, Sato N, Nishida M, Hashimoto T, Iwamoto N, Takahashi H, Ono T, Guedes A, Malho Guedes A, Cruz A, Morgado E, Pinho A, Fragoso A, Mendes P, Bexiga I, Silva AP, Neves P, Raimann J, Usvyat LA, Sands J, Levin NW, Kotanko P, Iwasaki M, Joki N, Tanaka Y, Ikeda N, Hayashi T, Kubo S, Imamura TA, Takahashi Y, Hirahata K, Imamura Y, Hase H, Claes K, Meijers B, Bammens B, Kuypers D, Naesens M, Vanrenterghem Y, Evenepoel P, Boscutti G, Calabresi L, Bosco M, Simonelli S, Boer E, Vitali C, Martone M, Mattei PL, Franceschini G, Baligh E, Zayed BED, Said K, El-Shafey E, Ezaat A, Zawada A, Rogacev K, Hummel B, Grun O, Friedrich A, Rotter B, Winter P, Geisel J, Fliser D, Heine GH, Makino JI, Makino KS, Ito T, Genovesi S, Santoro A, Fabbrini P, Rossi E, Pogliani D, Stella A, Bonforte G, Remuzzi G, Bertoli S, Pozzi C, Gallieni M, Pasquali S, Cagnoli L, Conte F, Santoro A, Buzadzic I, Tosic J, Dimkovic N, Djuric Z, Popovic J, Pejin Grubisa I, Barjaktarevic N, DI Napoli A, DI Lallo D, Salvatori MF, Franco F, Chicca S, Guasticchi G, Onofriescu M, Hogas S, Luminita V, Mugurel A, Gabriel V, Laura F, Irina M, Adrian C, Bosch E, Baamonde E, Culebras C, Perez G, El Hayek B, Ramirez JI, Ramirez A, Garcia C, Lago M, Toledo A, Checa MD, Taira T, Hirano T, Nohtomi K, Hyodo T, Chiba T, Saito A, Kim YK, Song HC, Choi EJ, Yang CW, Kim YS, Lim PS, Ming Ying W, Ya-Chung J, Zaripova I, Kayukov I, Essaian A, Nimgirova A, Young H, Dungey M, Watson EL, Baines R, Burton JO, Smith AC, Joki N, Iwasaki M, Tanaka Y, Kubo S, Hayashi T, Ikeda N, Yamazaki K, Hase H, Bossola M, Colacicco L, Scribano D, Vulpio C, Tazza L, Okada T, Okada N, Michibata I, Yura T, Montero N, Soler M, Pascual M, Barrios C, Marquez E, Rodriguez E, Orfila MA, Cao H, Arcos E, Comas J, Pascual J, Ferrario M, Garzotto F, Sironi T, Monacizzo S, Basso F, Garzotto F, Cruz DN, Moissl U, Tetta C, Signorini MG, Cerutti S, Ronco C, Mostovaya I, Grooteman M, Van den Dorpel M, Penne L, Van der Weerd N, Mazairac A, Den Hoedt C, Levesque R, Nube M, Ter Wee P, Bots M, Blankestijn P, Liu J, MA KL, Zhang X, Liu BC, Vladu ID, Mustafa R, Cana-Ruiu D, Vaduva C, Grauntanu C, Mota E, Singh R, Abbasian N, Stover C, Brunskill N, Burton J, Abbasian N, Herbert K, Bevington A, Brunskill N, Burton J, Wu M, Tang RN, Gao M, Liu H, Chen L, LV LL, Liu BC, Nikodimopoulou M, Liakos S, Kapoulas S, Karvounis C, Fedak D, Kuzniewski M, Paulina D, Kusnierz-Cabala B, Kapusta M, Solnica B, Sulowicz W, Junque A, Vicent ES, Moreno L, Fulquet M, Duarte V, Saurina A, Pou M, Macias J, Lavado M, Ramirez de Arellano M, Ryuzaki M, Nakamoto H, Kinoshita S, Kobayashi E, Takimoto C, Shishido T, Enia G, Torino C, Tripepi R, Panuccio V, Postorino M, Clementi A, Garozzo M, Bonanno G, Boito R, Natale G, Cicchetti T, Chippari A, Logozzo D, Alati G, Cassani S, Sellaro A, Zoccali C, Quiroga B, Verde E, Abad S, Vega A, Goicoechea M, Reque J, Lopez-Gomez JM, Luno J, Cabre Menendez C, Moles V, Vives JP, Villa D, Vinas J, Compte T, Arruche M, Diaz C, Soler J, Aguilera J, Martinez Vea A, De Mauri A, David P, Conte MM, Chiarinotti D, Ruva CE, De Leo M, Bargnoux AS, Morena M, Jaussent I, Chalabi L, Bories P, Dion JJ, Henri P, Delage M, Dupuy AM, Badiou S, Canaud B, Cristol JP, Fabbrini P, Sironi E, Pieruzzi F, Galbiati E, Vigano MR, Stella A, Genovesi S, Anpalakhan S, Anpalakhan S, Rocha S, Chitalia N, Sharma R, Kaski JC, Chambers J, Goldsmith D, Banerjee D, Cernaro V, Lacquaniti A, Lupica R, Lucisano S, Fazio MR, Donato V, Buemi M, Segalen I, Segalen I, Vinsonneau U, Tanquerel T, Quiniou G, Le Meur Y, Seibert E, Girndt M, Zohles K, Ulrich C, Kluttig A, Nuding S, Swenne C, Kors J, Werdan K, Fiedler R, Van der Weerd NC, Grooteman MP, Bots M, Van den Dorpel MA, Den Hoedt C, Nube MJ, Wetzels J, Swinkels DW, Blankestijn P, Ter Wee PM, Khandekar A, Khandge J, Lee JE, Moon SJ, Choi KH, Lee HY, Kim BS, Morena M, Tuaillon E, Jaussent I, Rodriguez A, Chenine L, Vendrell JP, Cristol JP, Canaud B, Sue YM, Tang CH, Chen YC, Sanchez-Perales C, Vazquez E, Segura P, Garcia Cortes MJ, Gil JM, Biechy MM, Liebana A, Poulikakos D, Shah A, Persson M, Banerjee D, Dattolo P, Amidone M, Amidone M, Michelassi S, Moriconi L, Betti G, Conti P, Rosati A, Mannarino A, Panichi V, Pizzarelli F, Klejna K, Naumnik B, Koc-Zorawska E, Mysliwiec M, Dimitrie S, Simona H, Mihaela O, Mugurel A, Gabriela O, Radu S, Octavian P, Adrian C, Akdam H, Akar H, Yenicerioglu Y, Kucuk O, Kurt Omurlu I, Goldsmith D, Thambiah S, Roplekar R, Manghat P, Manghat P, Fogelman I, Fraser W, Hampson G, Likaj E, Likaj E, Caco G, Seferi S, Rroji M, Barbullushi M, Thereska N, Onofriescu M, Hogas S, Luminita V, Mugurel A, Serban A, Carmen V, Cristian S, Silvia L, Covic A. Cardiovascular complications in CKD 5D. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfs225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Damkat-Thomas L, Black C, Herbert K. Fibromatosis of the flexor pollicus longus tendon. J Surg Case Rep 2010; 2010:7. [PMID: 24946359 PMCID: PMC3649169 DOI: 10.1093/jscr/2010.9.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
An unusual case of fibromatosis of the dominant left flexor pollicus longus (FPL) in a thirteen year old schoolboy. Initially presenting with pain in the thenar eminence and difficulty flexing the metacarpal phalangeal joint (MPJ), other symptoms include locking, triggering and difficulty writing. MRI showed a 4cm segment of thickened abnormal tendon. Intra-operatively three 1cm nodules were excised from the FPL while preserving the tendon. Histopathology reported the nodules as fibromatosis. A literature search revealed that this has not previously been reported although symptomatic tendon sheath fibromas have. Our patient achieved a good result following surgical intervention and the two year review has shown no complications.
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Rusert P, Krarup A, Joos B, Uhr T, Weber J, Herbert K, Guenthard HF, Trkola A. P09-02. Selection pressure of neutralizing antibodies and viral escape continues in late stages of the disease. Retrovirology 2009. [PMCID: PMC2767599 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-6-s3-p115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Herbert K, Lopez B, Castellano J, Palacio A, Tamari L, Arcemen LM. The prevalence of erectile dysfunction in heart failure patients by race and ethnicity. Int J Impot Res 2009; 20:507-11. [PMID: 18701919 DOI: 10.1038/ijir.2008.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common problem in male patients with heart failure (HF). However, no study was found that estimates the prevalence of ED by US ethnic groups with HF. We conducted an observational, cross-sectional study of patients enrolled in a HF disease management program in two sites Louisiana (N=329; 178 white, 99 black) and Florida (N=52; Hispanic). All male patients with an ejection fraction <or=40% were included. The Sexual Health Inventory for Men was used to estimate the prevalence of ED. Overall prevalence of ED was 89% and ED severity did not vary by race/ethnic group. Race/ethnic group differences were found for age, New York Heart Association functional classification, and blood pressure. Hispanic patients had the lowest unadjusted and adjusted prevalence rate of ED (81, 85%) compared to Black (90, 95%) and White (91, 92%) patients. There is a high prevalence of ED in Hispanic, Black and White ethnic groups with HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Herbert
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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Groemmer M, Mahr S, Aliabadi A, Grimm M, Zuckermann A, Wieselthaler G, Wolner E, Rajek A, Herbert K, Barbara S, Taghavi S. 364: ECMO as Support of Primary Graft Dysfunction (PGD) in Cardiac Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2008.11.371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Herbert K, Powell K, Mckay A, Hartley D, Ophel-Keller K, Schiffer M, Hoffmann A. Developing and testing a diagnostic probe for grape phylloxera applicable to soil samples. J Econ Entomol 2008; 101:1934-1943. [PMID: 19133477 DOI: 10.1603/0022-0493-101.6.1934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Grape phylloxera, Daktulosphaira vitifoliae (Fitch) (Hemiptera Phylloxeridae) is a damaging pest of grapevines (Vitis spp.) around the world, and the management of this pest requires early detection of infestations. Here, we describe the development and validation of a sensitive DNA test for grape phylloxera that can be applied to soil. Species-specific primers were developed for grape phylloxera in the internal transcribed space region 2, and their specificity was confirmed after thorough screening by using a wide range of vineyard organisms and aphid genera. Preliminary testing of the detection limits of the grape phylloxera-specific primers was conducted using field-sourced soil types spiked with a known number of grape phylloxera. The assay was converted to a real-time polymerase chain reaction format (TaqMan MGB). This assay, in combination with DNA extraction from soil, can detect phylloxera crawlers added to soil. The assay was evaluated in the field at a recently detected grape phylloxera infestation site from the Yarra Valley in Victoria, Australia. The DNA assay proved to be substantially more sensitive than a standard ground survey for detecting grape phylloxera presence on vine roots in the infested vineyard. Moreover, unlike the ground survey, the assay provided quantitative information on grape phylloxera infestations, because grape phylloxera DNA concentrations in samples from vines closely matched the numbers of grape phylloxera crawlers collected with emergence traps placed at the base of vines. Unlike other detection techniques, the method can be applied at any time of the year, and it can be potentially modified to provide specific information on the virulence levels of the particular grape phylloxera genotypes responsible for any new infestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Herbert
- CRC for Viticulture, P.O. Box 154, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia
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Basheer MH, Wilson SM, Lewis H, Herbert K. Microvascular free tissue transfer in reconstruction of the lower limb. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2008; 61:525-8. [PMID: 17524975 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2007.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2006] [Accepted: 03/27/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Reconstruction of the lower extremity using microvascular free tissue transfer has been adopted as a routine procedure since the 1980s. Success rates in overall free tissue transfer are now as high as 98%. In the lower limb, however, the failure rate has been reported to be as high as 15 to 20%. A review of 50 consecutive microvascular free flaps to the lower extremity was carried out in the Ulster Hospital Belfast. The indication for surgery, the flap type, the recipient vessel, re-exploration rate, complication rate, success rate and the changing pattern in management during the first six years of a single consultant's practice was assessed. Six patients (12%) were re-explored for anastomotic complications or haematoma. Thrombosis of the arterial anastomosis was noted in one case, venous thrombosis in two and haematoma under the flap in the remaining three cases. Salvage was successful in four cases, thus producing an overall success rate of 96%.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Haj Basheer
- Plastic and Maxillofacial Service, The Ulster Hospital, Dundonald, Belfast BT16 1RH, UK.
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Abu J, Batuwangala M, Symonds P, Herbert K. Automated High-performance Liquid Chromatography Detection of Serum Retinol Levels in Cervical Cancer Patients Compared with Normal Subjects. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2006; 18:577. [PMID: 16969994 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2006.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Menefee M, Edgerly M, Velarde M, Herbert K, Fojo AT. The efficacy of combination chemotherapy with cisplatin and gemcitabine in patients with advanced adrenal cortical carcinoma (ACC). J Clin Oncol 2006. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.12033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
12033 Background: ACC is a rare, but highly lethal disease for which more effective systemic therapies are needed. Prior studies have concluded that cisplatin and doxorubicin have single agent activity and that combinations of these and other agents, most notably etoposide, may have additive or synergistic effects. However, the majority of responses are neither complete nor durable. Anecdotal evidence of activity by gemcitabine in patients with ACC motivated the present analysis, designed to assess the efficacy of cisplatin and gemcitabine in combination in patients with metastatic ACC. Methods: 18 patients with metastatic disease were evaluated. Patient’s ages ranged from 19 to 63 years with a median age of 46 years. 5 patients were treated at initial presentation, while 13 were treated after disease progression on or following a previous chemotherapy regimen. Among the latter, the median number of prior regimens was 1, with a median of 4 prior drugs. Sites of metastases included lung (10/18), liver (12/18), retroperitoneum/adrenal bed (5/18) and bone (2/20). The starting dosages were 100 mg/m2 of cisplatin and 1250 mg/m2 of gemcitabine. A total of 56 cycles were administered to 18 patients, with a range of 2 to 12 cycles and a median of 3. Results: The toxicity of this regimen in this patient population was similar to that reported with this regimen in other tumor types. The partial response rate was 11% with an additional 16% of patients demonstrating cytoreduction that did not meet the criteria for a partial response. Conclusions: We conclude that the combination of cisplatin and gemcitabine has activity in ACC. While the superiority of this combination over single agent platinum is not established, the combination does not appear to be superior enough to warrant its routine use, especially in patients with more indolent disease, where single agent platinum can be followed by single agent gemcitabine. An attribute this combination has over other regimens used in patients with ACC, notably those incorporating doxorubicin and/or etoposide, is that it can be given at full doses without excessive toxicity to patients with hormone producing tumors in combination with ketoconazole. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Menefee
- National Cancer Institute/NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - M. Edgerly
- National Cancer Institute/NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - M. Velarde
- National Cancer Institute/NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - K. Herbert
- National Cancer Institute/NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - A. T. Fojo
- National Cancer Institute/NIH, Bethesda, MD
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Forbes A, Al-Damluji A, Ashworth S, Bramble M, Herbert K, Ho J, Kang JY, Przemioslo R, Shetty A. Multicentre randomized-controlled clinical trial of Ipocol, a new enteric-coated form of mesalazine, in comparison with Asacol in the treatment of ulcerative colitis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2005; 21:1099-104. [PMID: 15854171 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2005.02442.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 5-Aminosalicylates remain important in the treatment of ulcerative colitis, but it is uncertain if the various preparations currently available are equivalent given the different delivery systems that exist. Generic prescription of mesalazine (mesalamine) is therefore inappropriate. Ipocol has recently become available as an alternative to Asacol-MR. AIM To compare the two agents in a controlled trial using a non-inferiority design. METHODS Eighty-eight ulcerative colitis patients with a mild to moderate clinical relapse were randomized to one of the two drugs at a daily dose of 2.4 g for 8 weeks. Safety was the key concern; the primary measured end-point was efficacy as judged from a colitis activity index. RESULTS There were no unexpected adverse events of clinical consequence. The colitis score improved similarly in both patient groups (by 2.3 with Ipocol and by 1.5 with Asacol: not significant), and a similar proportion was in clinical remission at the end of the study (26.1% for Ipocol and 28.6% for Asacol: not significant). Systemic steroids were needed in 11.9% of the Asacol-treated patients compared with 6.5% with Ipocol (not significant). CONCLUSION It appears appropriate to conclude that, while not identical to Asacol-MR, Ipocol offers a safe and similarly effective alternative.
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Herbert K. Higher testosterone levels may make Oscar success more likely. Assoc Med J 2003. [DOI: 10.1136/sbmj.0305139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Abstract
The solution structure of a DNA dodecamer d(GGCAAAAAACGG)/d(CCGTTTTTTGCC) containing an A-tract has been determined by NMR spectroscopy with residual dipolar couplings. The structure shows an overall helix axis bend of 19 degrees in a geometry consistent with solution and gel electrophoresis experiments. Fourteen degrees of the bending occurs in the GC regions flanking the A-tract. The remaining 5 degrees is spread evenly over its six AT base-pairs. The A-tract is characterized by decreasing minor groove width from the 5' to the 3' direction along the A strand. This is a result of propeller twist in the AT pairs and the increasing negative inclination of the adenine bases at the 3' side of the run of adenine bases. The four central thymine bases all have negative inclination throughout the A-tract with an average value of -6.1 degrees. Although this negative inclination makes the geometry of the A-tract different from all X-ray structures, the proton on N6 of adenine and the O4 of thymine one step down the helix are within distance to form bifurcated hydrogen bonds. The 5' bend of 4 degrees occurs at the junction between the GC flank and the A-tract through a combination of tilt and roll. The larger 3' bend, 10 degrees, occurs in two base steps: the first composed of tilt, -4.1 degrees, and the second a combination of tilt, -4.2 degrees, and roll, 6.0 degrees. This second step is a direct consequence of the change in inclination between an adjacent cytosine base, which has an inclination of -12 degrees, and the next base, a guanine, which has 3 degrees inclination. This bend is a combination of tilt and roll. The large change in inclination allows the formation of a hydrogen bond between the protons of N4 of the 3' cytosine and the O6 of the next 3' base, a guanine, stabilizing the roll component in the bend. These structural features differ from existing models for A-tract bends.For comparison, we also determined the structure of the control sequence, d(GGCAAGAAACGG)/d(CCGTTTCTTGCC), with an AT to GC transition in the center of the A-tract. This structure has no negative inclination in most of the bases within the A-tract, resulting in a bend of only 9 degrees. When ligated in phase, the control sequence has nearly normal mobility in gel electrophoresis experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- D MacDonald
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323, USA
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Abstract
Three cytotoxic clerodane diterpene esters, corymbulosins A-C, were isolated from an organic extract of the fruit of Laetia corymbulosa (Flacourtiaceae) from Peru. The structures were determined by spectroscopic methods as clerodane diterpenes unsaturated at C-3, C-13(16) and C-14. Corymbulosin A was esterified at C-2 with a decadienoate moiety, while corymbulosins B and C were C-2 epimers esterified at C-6 with a decanoate moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Beutler
- Laboratory of Drug Discovery Research & Development, National Cancer Institute, Frederick Cancer Reasearch and Development Center, MD 21702-1201, USA
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Bell RC, Carlson JC, Storr KC, Herbert K, Sivak J. High-fructose feeding of streptozotocin-diabetic rats is associated with increased cataract formation and increased oxidative stress in the kidney. Br J Nutr 2000; 84:575-82. [PMID: 11103229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
We examined the effects of high-fructose (FR) feeding on the development of diabetic complications in the lens and the kidney of streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rats. Male Wistar Furth rats were treated with one of two doses of STZ (HIGH STZ, 55 mg/kg body weight; MOD STZ, 35 mg/kg body weight) or vehicle alone (SHAM) and were then assigned to a control (CNTL) or 400 g FR/kg diet for 12 weeks. At the end of the study, body weight, plasma glucose and insulin concentrations differed among STZ groups (HIGH v. MOD v. SHAM, P < 0.001) but did not differ due to diet. Plasma FR concentrations were significantly higher in FR-fed v. CNTL-fed groups (P < 0.0001) and in HIGH-STZ groups v. MOD-STZ and SHAM groups (P < 0.0004 and P < 0.0001 respectively). Focal length variability of the lens, a quantitative measure of cataract formation, was increased in the HIGH STZ, FR group compared with the HIGH STZ, CNTL group (P < 0.01). The concentration of H2O2 in kidney microsomes was significantly higher in HIGH STZ, FR rats v. HIGH STZ, CNTL rats (P < 0.01). Micro-albuminuria was not observed in any of the groups examined, and there was no evidence of extensive histological damage in the kidney from any rats. Under conditions of severe hyperglycaemia, high FR intake promotes the development of cataracts in the lens of the eye, and results in increased concentrations of substances indicative of oxidative stress in the kidney. Although FR has been suggested as a carbohydrate source for diabetics, a high FR diet coupled with hyperglycaemia produces effects that may promote some of the complications associated with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- R C Bell
- Department of Health Studies and Gerontology, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
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Beutler JA, McCall KL, Herbert K, Herald DL, Pettit GR, Johnson T, Shoemaker RH, Boyd MR. Novel cytotoxic diterpenes from Casearia arborea. J Nat Prod 2000; 63:657-661. [PMID: 10843580 DOI: 10.1021/np990553r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Cytotoxicity-guided fractionation of the dichloromethane-methanol extract of the roots of Casearia arborea yielded five novel clerodane diterpenes, casearborins A-E (1-5), as well as cucurbitacin B. The presence of cucurbitacins glycosides was also detected. The absolute configuration of casearborin E was determined by X-ray crystallography.
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MESH Headings
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/isolation & purification
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
- Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
- Crystallography, X-Ray
- Diterpenes/isolation & purification
- Diterpenes/pharmacology
- Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
- Humans
- Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
- Plants, Medicinal/chemistry
- Spectrometry, Mass, Fast Atom Bombardment
- Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Beutler
- Laboratory of Drug Discovery Research & Development, Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Cancer Treatment & Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute-FCRDC, Bldg. 1052, Rm. 121, Frederick, Maryland 21702-1201, USA
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Lawley W, Doherty A, Denniss S, Chauhan D, Pruijn G, van Venrooij WJ, Lunec J, Herbert K. Rapid lupus autoantigen relocalization and reactive oxygen species accumulation following ultraviolet irradiation of human keratinocytes. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2000; 39:253-61. [PMID: 10788532 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/39.3.253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In vitro treatment with ultraviolet B (UVB) induces relocalization of lupus autoantigens to the cell surface. We have addressed the relationship between autoantigen relocalization, accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the induction of apoptosis following UVA and UVB exposure. METHODS Human primary keratinocytes were exposed in vitro to doses of UVA and UVB equivalent to 0.01-4 times the minimal erythemal dose. The cellular locations of Ro60, Ro52, Sm, U2-B" and La were determined using monoclonal antibodies. ROS accumulation and apoptosis induction were assessed using the intracellular ROS probe 2'7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate, and the viability stains Hoechst 33342 and propidium iodide. RESULTS UV treatment induced the relocalization of all five autoantigens investigated and an accumulation of ROS. UVA and UVB induced necrosis and apoptosis, respectively. CONCLUSION These data suggest that both UVA and UVB induce ROS within keratinocytes but have significantly different effects upon autoantigen relocalization and cell viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Lawley
- Division of Chemical Pathology, Centre for Mechanisms of Human Toxicity, Hodgkin Building, University of Leicester, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
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Brown A, Herbert K. Complete division of the ulnar nerve at the level of the medial epicondyle in the cubital tunnel. J Trauma 1999; 47:822. [PMID: 10528627 DOI: 10.1097/00005373-199910000-00039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Wu AH, Feng YJ, Roper L, Herbert K, Schweizer R. Cardiac troponins T and I before and after renal transplantation. Clin Chem 1997; 43:411-2. [PMID: 9023153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Calleary J, Tansey C, McCormack J, Kapur S, Doyle J, Flynn J, Curran AJ, Smyth D, Kane B, Toner M, Timon CVI, Cronin KJ, O’Donoghue J, Darmanin FX, McCann J, Campbell F, Redmond HP, Condron C, Bouchier-Hayes D, Aizaz K, MacGowan SW, O’Donnell AF, Luke DA, McGovern E, Morrin M, Khan F, Delaney PV, Lavelle SM, Kanagaratnam B, Cuervas-Mons V, Gauthier A, Gips C, Santos RMD, Molino GP, Theodossi A, Tsiftsis DD, Boyle CJO, Boyle TJ, Kerin MJ, Courtney DM, Quill DS, Given HF, O’Brien DF, Kelly EJ, Kelly J, Richardson D, Fanning NF, Brennan R, Horgan PG, Keane FBV, Reid S, Walsh C, Patock R, Hall J, Evoy D, Magd-Eldin M, Curran D, Keeling P, Ade-Ajayi N, Spitz L, Kiely E, Drake D, Klein N, O’Hanlon DM, Karat D, Callanan K, Crisp W, Griffin SM, Murchan PM, Mancey-Jones B, Sedman P, Mitchell CJ, Macfie J, Scott D, Raimes S, O’Boyle CJ, Maher D, Willsher PC, Robertson JFR, Hilaly M, Blarney RW, Shering SG, Mitrovic S, Rahim A, McDermott EW, O’Higgins NJ, Murphy CA, Morgan D, Elston CW, Ellis IO, O’Sullivan MP, O’Riordain MG, Stack JP, Barry MK, Ennis JT, Fitzpatrick JM, Gorey TF, Kollis J, Mullet H, Smith DF, Zbar A, Murray MJ, McDermott EWM, Smyth PPA, Kapucouglu N, Holmes S, Holland P, McCollum PT, da Silva A, de Cossart L, Hamilton D, Kelly CJ, Stokes K, Broe P, Crinnion J, Grace PA, Morton N, Ross N, Naidu S, Gervaz P, Holdsworth RJ, Stonebridge PA, O’Donnell A, Carson K, Phelan D, McBrinn S, McCarthy D, Javadpour H, McCarthy J, Neligan M, Caldwell MTP, McGrath JP, Byrne PJ, Walsh TN, Lawlor P, Timon C, Stuart RC, Murray K, Carney A, Johnston JG, Egan B, O’Connell PR, Donoghue J, Pollock A, Hyde D, Hourihan D, Tanner WA, Donohue J, Fanning N, Horgan P, Mahmood A, Dave K, Stewart J, Cole A, Hartley R, Brennan TG, O’Donoghue JM, O’Sullivan ST, Beausang E, Panchal J, O’Shaughnessy M, O’Grady P, Watson RWG, Johnstone D, O’Donnell J, McCarthy E, Flynn N, O’Dwyer T, Curran C, Duggan S, Tierney S, Qian Z, Lipsett PA, Pitt HA, Lillemoe KD, Kollias J, Morgan DAL, Young IS, Regan MC, Geraghty JG, Suilleabhain CBO, Rodrick ML, Horgan AF, Mannick JA, Lederer JA, Hennessy TPJ, Canney M, Feeley K, Connolly CE, Abdih H, Finnegan N, Da Costa M, Shafii M, Martin AJ, Mulcahy D, Dolan M, Stephens M, McManus F, Walsh M, O’Brien DP, Phillips JP, Carroll TA, O’Brien D, Rawluk D, Sullivan T, Herbert K, Kerins M, O’Donnell M, Lawlor D, McHugh M, Edwards G, Rice J, McCabe JP, Sparkes J, Hayes S, Corcoran M, Bredin H, O’Keeffe D, Candon J, Mulligan ED, Lynch TH, Mulvin D, Vingers L, Smith JM, Corby H, Barry K, Eardley I, Frick J, Goldwasser B, Wiklund P, Rogers E, Weaver R, Scardino PT, Kumar R, Puri P, Adeyoju AB, Lynch T, Corr J, McDermott TED, Grainger R, Thornhill J, Butler M, Keegan D, Hegarty N, McCarthy P, Mirza AH, O’Sullivan M, Neary P, O’Connor TPF, McCormack D, Cunningham K, Cassidy N, Sullivan T, Mulhall K, Murphy M, Puri A, Dhaif B, Carey PD, Delicata RJ, Abbasakoor F, Stephens RB, Hussey AJ, Garrihy B, Nolan DJ, McAnena OJ, Fitzgerald R, Watson D, Coventry BJ, Malycha P, Ward SC, Kwok SPY, Lau WY, Bergman JW, Hacking GEB, Metreweli C, Li AKC, Madhavan P, Donohoe J, O’Donohue M, McNamara DA, O’Donohoe MK. Sir Peter Freyer Memorial Lecture and Surgical Symposium 15th and 16th September, 1995. Ir J Med Sci 1995. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02969896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Abstract
Two cases of burn injury following a dust explosion are presented. It is important to (1) rule out other serious injuries and (2) continuously reassess the patient for respiratory injury. The mechanism of dust explosions is described and preventative measures are discussed.
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Abstract
8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine (80HDG) is a specific marker of oxidative damage to DNA. We have observed that patients with SLE (systemic lupus erythematosus), have undetectable levels of urinary 80HDG by HPLC. Further analysis by GC-MS confirmed that levels of 80HDG in SLE urine were 10(3)-fold lower than in an age- and sex-matched control group. Experiments utilising cultures of SLE and normal lymphocytes exposed to H2O2 confirmed the impaired ability of SLE lymphocytes to repair 80HDG. We subsequently observed in SLE patients that 80HDG had accumulated in low molecular weight DNA associated with circulating immune complexes. We suggest that oxygen radicals may induce pathology in SLE by maintaining the presence of an antigenic form of DNA in the circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lunec
- Division of Chemical Pathology, University of Leicester, UK
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Blount S, Lunec J, Griffiths H, Herbert K, Isenberg D. Binding of anti-DNA antibodies to oxidatively damaged DNA in spouses and relatives of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Immunol Lett 1994; 41:135-8. [PMID: 8002028 DOI: 10.1016/0165-2478(94)90123-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of serum anti-DNA antibodies was evaluated by ELISA using oxidatively damaged DNA as antigen in 21 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), in 9 spouses and in 15 first-degree relatives. These were compared with 12 healthy controls. There was no significant difference in the levels of serum antibodies detected between the group of spouses and normal controls with all results within the normal range of the assay. Binding of serum antibodies to the oxidatively damaged DNA was detectable in 12 (80%) of the relatives studied, and the range of values obtained overlapped significantly with the SLE patient group. The relevance of these antibodies to the immunopathology of SLE is unclear since they appear to be present in the absence of any clinical symptoms. However, they may be useful predictively as a marker for those individuals who are more likely to develop SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Blount
- Molecular Toxicity Group, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
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Abstract
Nine children with burns caused by contact with electric fire-guards are presented. A method of preventing such injuries is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Murphy
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Dundee Royal Infirmary, Scotland
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Perrett D, Bhusate L, Patel J, Herbert K. Comparative performance of ion exchange and ion-paired reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography for the determination of nucleotides in biological samples. Biomed Chromatogr 1991; 5:207-11. [PMID: 1742551 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.1130050506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We have compared anion exchange chromatography on APS-Hypersil (4.6 x 100 mm) eluted with a phosphate gradient with reversed phase chromatography on ODS-Hypersil (4.6 x 100 mm) in the presence of either tetrabutylammonium (TBA) or triethylammonium (TEA) ions with a methanol gradient. The systems have been compared both for ease of operation and for their resolving power with standard mixtures and acid extracts of both normal red cells (RBC) and ischaemic tissues. The two chromatographic modes exhibited similar separating efficiencies for standard mixtures of nucleotides but retention times were most stable using reversed phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) with TEA. Anion exchange columns slowly lost ion exchange capacity but selectivity was unchanged. RPLC in the presence of TBA gave reproducibile capacity factors only when operated isocratically due to irreversible changes to the silica surface. For RBCs the RPLC with TEA and anion exchange systems resolved 17 and 15 peaks, respectively, and for the ischaemic samples 22 and 14 peaks, respectively. However, nucleosides and bases were also resolved by the ODS column causing chromatographic crowding and uncertain peak identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Perrett
- Department of Medicine, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, UK
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Herbert K. A simple method of preparing split-thickness skin grafts for meshing. Plast Reconstr Surg 1990; 86:357-8. [PMID: 2367588 DOI: 10.1097/00006534-199008000-00031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A simple and rapid technique of mounting a split-thickness skin graft on the Tanner dermacarrier is presented. Initially, petroleum jelly is applied onto the grooved surface of the dermacarrier. The skin graft is not removed from the donor site; instead, the skin graft knife is withdrawn backwards, allowing the graft to slip back, smoothly and evenly, onto the donor site through the knife. The dermacarrier, with the petroleum jelly, is laid onto the graft. The graft adheres to the dermacarrier because of the jelly. No further maneuver is necessary prior to meshing. With this technique it is impossible to apply the graft cut-side up on the recipient site.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Herbert
- Leicester Royal Infirmary, United Kingdom
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Abstract
This study reports the incidence and nature of chemical burns admitted to a large regional burns unit between 1 January 1981 and 31 December 1987. Of the 3251 patients admitted, 100 had sustained chemical burns; although they only comprised 3.1 per cent of the workload they accounted for 16.5 per cent of all industrial burning accidents. The victims were mainly male adults of working age. Alkaline materials caused 37 per cent of the accidents, 26 per cent attributable to caustic soda; acids caused a further 27 per cent, hydrofluoric acid accounting for half of these. The nature of the chemical was unknown in 13 per cent of the cases; this, together with the fact that workers were often unaware that they were using hazardous substances gives cause for concern. The methods for managing a diverse range of chemical burns are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Herbert
- West Midlands Regional Burns Unit, Birmingham Accident Hospital, UK
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James IT, Herbert K, Perrett D, Thompson PW. Determination of serum cytidine deaminase activity using ion-pair reversed-phase liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr 1989; 495:105-12. [PMID: 2613795 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(00)82613-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A rapid and sensitive assay for serum cytidine deaminase has been developed utilising ion-pair reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The addition of 1-octanesulphonic acid (OSA) caused the retention of cytidine and uridine to reverse and uridine, the minor component in the assay, to elute first. Cytidine, uridine and allopurinol (internal standard) were separated on a 5-micron Hypersil ODS column using 100 mM ammonium acetate with 1% (v/v) methanol and 1 mM OSA adjusted to pH 5.0. Detection was at 262 nm. Peak areas were linear from 7 pmol to 6 nmol injected (r = 0.99). Intra-assay variation was 7.8% (n = 10) and the correlation with a colorimetric assay was r = 0.78 (p less than 0.001).
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Affiliation(s)
- I T James
- Bone and Joint Research Unit, London Hospital Medical College, Whitechapel, U.K
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Affiliation(s)
- K Herbert
- Burns Unit, Leicester Royal Infirmary
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Joseph K, Berg-Schlosser F, Herbert K. [Computed tomographic determination of thyroid iodine concentration in an endemic goiter area]. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 1986; 144:417-21. [PMID: 3008254 DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1048815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
We determined the CT density of the thyroid gland in 60 patients with normal thyroids and 176 patients with various thyroid disorders. The density was 75 +/- 6.2 H.U. in normal thyroids, which was markedly higher than in goiters (66 +/- 6.0 H.U.), while there was a considerable further decrease in patients with immunogenic hyperthyroidism, the density being 48.5 +/- 7.9 H.U. The thyroids of patients with nonimmunogenic hyperthyroidism differed from these by virtue of a significantly greater density, 79.8 +/- 12.5 H.U. The clinical importance of CT investigation of the thyroid is its ability to distinguish rapidly between immunogenic hyperthyroidism without ocular symptoms and the (mostly iodine induced) non-immunogenic form. There is a linear correlation between CT density and iodine concentration in the thyroid tissue; this was determined in surgical specimens from 17 patients. Iodine concentration in the thyroid, as well as the iodine content of the whole gland, can thus be calculated from the measured CT density at any time by estimating the volume of the gland with ultrasound and combining this value with the measured iodine concentration. The results correlate well with those found using the x-ray fluorescence method.
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Trauth HA, Herbert K, von Wichert P, Josef K, Schubotz R, Krüger A. [Gallium-67 scintigraphy in sarcoidosis]. Prax Klin Pneumol 1983; 37 Suppl 1:565-7. [PMID: 6647292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Abstract
Rats (30) were injected intravenously with Evans blue dye on Day 5 of gestation and their uteri were examined to determine the position of early implantations. On Day 7 they were examined again for late implantations. Fetal sex and fetal and placental weights were determined at Day 22 (15 rats). The distribution of the 20% early implantations appeared random with respect to position in the uterine horn. There was no difference in fetal weight, placental weight or sex ratio between early and late implanting embryos.
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