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Escobar Camacho D, Barragán KS, Guayasamin JM, Gavilanes G, Encalada AC. New records of native and introduced fish species in a river basin of Western Ecuador, the Chocó-Darien Ecoregion, using DNA barcoding. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298970. [PMID: 38457426 PMCID: PMC10923491 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
DNA barcoding, based on mitochondrial markers, is widely applied in species identification and biodiversity studies. The aim of this study was to establish a barcoding reference database of fishes inhabiting the Cube River from Western Ecuador in the Chocó-Darien Global Ecoregion (CGE), a threatened ecoregion with high diversity and endemism, and evaluate the applicability of using barcoding for the identification of fish species. Barcode sequences were obtained from seven orders, 17 families, 23 genera and 26 species, which were validated through phylogenetic analysis, morphological measurements, and literature review. Our results showed that 43% of fish species in this region are endemic, confirmed the presence of known species in the area, and included the addition of three new records of native (Hoplias microlepis, Rhamdia guatemalensis and Sicydium salvini) and an introduced species (Xiphophorus maculatus) to Ecuador. In addition, eight species were barcoded for the first time. Species identification based on barcoding and morphology showed discrepancy with species lists from previous studies in the CGE, suggesting that the current baseline of western fishes of Ecuador is still incomplete. Because this study analyzed fishes from a relatively small basin (165 km2), more molecular-based studies focusing on fish are needed to achieve a robust sequence reference library of species inhabiting Western Ecuador. The new sequences of this study will be useful for future comparisons and biodiversity monitoring, supporting the application of barcoding tools for studying fish diversity in genetically unexplored regions and to develop well-informed conservation programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Escobar Camacho
- Laboratorio de Ecología Acuática, Instituto BIOSFERA, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Karla S. Barragán
- Laboratorio de Ecología Acuática, Instituto BIOSFERA, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Juan M. Guayasamin
- Laboratorio de Biología Evolutiva, Instituto BIOSFERA, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Gabriela Gavilanes
- Laboratorio de Biología Evolutiva, Instituto BIOSFERA, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Andrea C. Encalada
- Laboratorio de Ecología Acuática, Instituto BIOSFERA, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
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Chuctaya J, Shibatta OA, Encalada AC, Barragán KS, Torres MDL, Rojas E, Ochoa-Herrera V, Ferrer J. Rediscovery of Rhyacoglanis pulcher (Boulenger, 1887) (Siluriformes: Pseudopimelodidae), a rare rheophilic bumblebee catfish from Ecuadorian Amazon. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0287120. [PMID: 37437013 PMCID: PMC10337946 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhyacoglanis pulcher is a rare Neotropical rheophilic bumblebee catfish known only from the type locality in the Cis-Andean Amazon region, Ecuador, and the type-species of the genus. So far, the three syntypes collected in 1880 were the only specimens unambiguously associated to the name R. pulcher available in scientific collections. Recently, a specimen was discovered in a fast-flowing stretch of the Villano river, a tributary of the Curaray river, Napo river basin, Ecuador, representing a new record after nearly 140 years. Here, we present this new record, identified by morphology, provide the DNA barcode sequence of the specimen, and propose why the species of Rhyacoglanis are scarce in zoological collections. Additionally, we discuss the intraspecific variation in the color pattern observed in R. pulcher.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junior Chuctaya
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- AQUAREC, Laboratorio de Biología y Genética Molecular, Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonia Peruana, Iquitos, Loreto, Peru
- Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Oscar Akio Shibatta
- Museu de Zoologia, Departamento de Biologia Animal e Vegetal, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Andrea C. Encalada
- Instituto BIOSFERA, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Karla S. Barragán
- Instituto BIOSFERA, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Maria de Lourdes Torres
- Instituto BIOSFERA, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
- Laboratorio Biotecnología Vegetal, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Estefanía Rojas
- Instituto BIOSFERA, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Valeria Ochoa-Herrera
- Instituto BIOSFERA, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
- Escuela de Ingeniería, Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Juliano Ferrer
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Chuctaya J, Encalada AC, Barragán KS, Torres ML, Rojas KE, Ochoa-Herrera V, Carvalho TP. New Ecuadorian records of the eyeless banjo catfish Micromyzon akamai (Siluriformes: Aspredinidae) expand the species range and reveal intraspecific morphological variation. J Fish Biol 2021; 98:1186-1191. [PMID: 33244758 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.14630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Two specimens of Micromyzon akamai, an eyeless and miniaturized species previously known only from the deep channels of the eastern Amazon basin in Brazil, are reported from the Curaray River, a tributary of the Napo River in Ecuador. The new specimens are the first records of Micromyzon in the headwaters of the Amazon River and the first records of M. akamai outside Brazil. External morphological characters and a phylogenetic analysis of cytochrome c oxidase I (coI) gene support the identification of the new specimens as M. akamai. Nevertheless, the new specimens also indicate that some features previously hypothesized to be apomorphic for M. akamai are intraspecifically variable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junior Chuctaya
- Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Departamento de Ictiología, Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
| | - Andrea C Encalada
- Instituto BIOSFERA, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Diego de Robles y Vía Interoceánica, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Karla S Barragán
- Instituto BIOSFERA, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Diego de Robles y Vía Interoceánica, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Maria L Torres
- Instituto BIOSFERA, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Diego de Robles y Vía Interoceánica, Quito, Ecuador
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Vegetal, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Diego de Robles y Vía Interoceánica, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Karla E Rojas
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Vegetal, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Diego de Robles y Vía Interoceánica, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Valeria Ochoa-Herrera
- Instituto BIOSFERA, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Diego de Robles y Vía Interoceánica, Quito, Ecuador
- Colegio de Ciencias e Ingenierías, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Diego de Robles y Vía Interoceánica, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Tiago P Carvalho
- Laboratorio de Ictiología, Unidad de Ecología y Sistemática (UNESIS), Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
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