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Combi Z, Potor L, Nagy P, Sikura KÉ, Ditrói T, Jurányi EP, Galambos K, Szerafin T, Gergely P, Whiteman M, Torregrossa R, Ding Y, Beke L, Hendrik Z, Méhes G, Balla G, Balla J. Hydrogen sulfide as an anti-calcification stratagem in human aortic valve: Altered biogenesis and mitochondrial metabolism of H 2S lead to H 2S deficiency in calcific aortic valve disease. Redox Biol 2023; 60:102629. [PMID: 36780769 PMCID: PMC9947110 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) was previously revealed to inhibit osteoblastic differentiation of valvular interstitial cells (VICs), a pathological feature in calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD). This study aimed to explore the metabolic control of H2S levels in human aortic valves. Lower levels of bioavailable H2S and higher levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were detected in aortic valves of CAVD patients compared to healthy individuals, accompanied by higher expression of cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE) and same expression of cystathionine β-synthase (CBS). Increased biogenesis of H2S by CSE was found in the aortic valves of CAVD patients which is supported by increased production of lanthionine. In accordance, healthy human aortic VICs mimic human pathology under calcifying conditions, as elevated CSE expression is associated with low levels of H2S. The expression of mitochondrial enzymes involved in H2S catabolism including sulfide quinone oxidoreductase (SQR), the key enzyme in mitochondrial H2S oxidation, persulfide dioxygenase (ETHE1), sulfite oxidase (SO) and thiosulfate sulfurtransferase (TST) were up-regulated in calcific aortic valve tissues, and a similar expression pattern was observed in response to high phosphate levels in VICs. AP39, a mitochondria-targeting H2S donor, rescued VICs from an osteoblastic phenotype switch and reduced the expression of IL-1β and TNF-α in VICs. Both pro-inflammatory cytokines aggravated calcification and osteoblastic differentiation of VICs derived from the calcific aortic valves. In contrast, IL-1β and TNF-α provided an early and transient inhibition of VICs calcification and osteoblastic differentiation in healthy cells and that effect was lost as H2S levels decreased. The benefit was mediated via CSE induction and H2S generation. We conclude that decreased levels of bioavailable H2S in human calcific aortic valves result from an increased H2S metabolism that facilitates the development of CAVD. CSE/H2S represent a pathway that reverses the action of calcifying stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt Combi
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary; ELKH-UD Vascular Pathophysiology Research Group, University of Debrecen, 11003, Hungary; Kálmán Laki Doctoral School, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - László Potor
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary; ELKH-UD Vascular Pathophysiology Research Group, University of Debrecen, 11003, Hungary; Kálmán Laki Doctoral School, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Péter Nagy
- Department of Molecular Immunology and Toxicology and the National Tumor Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary; Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary; Department of Anatomy and Histology, ELKH Laboratory of Redox Biology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Katalin Éva Sikura
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary; ELKH-UD Vascular Pathophysiology Research Group, University of Debrecen, 11003, Hungary; Kálmán Laki Doctoral School, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tamás Ditrói
- Department of Molecular Immunology and Toxicology and the National Tumor Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Eszter Petra Jurányi
- Department of Molecular Immunology and Toxicology and the National Tumor Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary; Doctoral School of Molecular Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Klaudia Galambos
- Kálmán Laki Doctoral School, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary; Department of Molecular Immunology and Toxicology and the National Tumor Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Szerafin
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Péter Gergely
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Matthew Whiteman
- University of Exeter Medical School, St. Luke's Campus, Magdalen Road, Exeter, EX1 2LU, UK
| | - Roberta Torregrossa
- University of Exeter Medical School, St. Luke's Campus, Magdalen Road, Exeter, EX1 2LU, UK
| | - Yuchao Ding
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary; Kálmán Laki Doctoral School, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Lívia Beke
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Hendrik
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gábor Méhes
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary
| | - György Balla
- ELKH-UD Vascular Pathophysiology Research Group, University of Debrecen, 11003, Hungary; Kálmán Laki Doctoral School, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary
| | - József Balla
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary; ELKH-UD Vascular Pathophysiology Research Group, University of Debrecen, 11003, Hungary; Kálmán Laki Doctoral School, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
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Potor L, Hendrik Z, Patsalos A, Katona É, Méhes G, Póliska S, Csősz É, Kalló G, Komáromi I, Combi Z, Posta N, Sikura KÉ, Pethő D, Oros M, Vereb G, Tóth C, Gergely P, Nagy L, Balla G, Balla J. Oxidation of Hemoglobin Drives a Proatherogenic Polarization of Macrophages in Human Atherosclerosis. Antioxid Redox Signal 2021; 35:917-950. [PMID: 34269613 PMCID: PMC8905252 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2020.8234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Aim: The aim of our study was to explore the pathophysiologic role of oxidation of hemoglobin (Hb) to ferrylHb in human atherosclerosis. Results: We observed a severe oxidation of Hb to ferrylHb in complicated atherosclerotic lesions of carotid arteries with oxidative changes of the globin moieties, detected previously described oxidation hotspots in Hb (β1Cys93; β1Cys112; β2Cys112) and identified a novel oxidation hotspot (α1Cys104). After producing a monoclonal anti-ferrylHb antibody, ferrylHb was revealed to be localized extracellularly and also internalized by macrophages in the human hemorrhagic complicated lesions. We demonstrated that ferrylHb is taken up via phagocytosis as well as CD163 receptor-mediated endocytosis and then transported to lysosomes involving actin polymerization. Internalization of ferrylHb was accompanied by upregulation of heme oxygenase-1 and H-ferritin and accumulation of iron within lysosomes as a result of heme/iron uptake. Importantly, macrophages exposed to ferrylHb in atherosclerotic plaques exhibited a proinflammatory phenotype, as reflected by elevated levels of IL-1β and TNF-α. To find further signatures of ferrylHb in complicated lesions, we performed RNA-seq analysis on biopsies from patients who underwent endarterectomies. RNA-seq analysis demonstrated that human complicated lesions had a unique transcriptomic profile different from arteries and atheromatous plaques. Pathways affected in complicated lesions included gene changes associated with phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling, lipid transport, tissue remodeling, and vascularization. Targeted analysis of gene expression associated with calcification, apoptosis, and hemolytic-specific clusters indicated an increase in the severity of complicated lesions compared with atheroma. A 39% overlap in the differential gene expression profiles of human macrophages exposed to ferrylHb and the complicated lesion profiles was uncovered. Among these 547 genes, we found inflammatory, angiogenesis, and iron metabolism gene clusters regulated in macrophages. Innovation and Conclusion: We conclude that oxidation of Hb to ferrylHb contributes to the progression of atherosclerosis via polarizing macrophages into a proatherogenic phenotype. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 35, 917-950.
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Affiliation(s)
- László Potor
- ELKH-UD Vascular Biology and Myocardial Pathophysiology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Debrecen, Hungary.,Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.,Kálmán Laki Doctoral School, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Hendrik
- ELKH-UD Vascular Biology and Myocardial Pathophysiology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Debrecen, Hungary.,Kálmán Laki Doctoral School, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.,Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Andreas Patsalos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.,Department of Medicine and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, St. Petersburg, Florida, USA.,Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, St. Petersburg, Florida, USA.,Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, St. Petersburg, Florida, USA
| | - Éva Katona
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gábor Méhes
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Szilárd Póliska
- Proteomics Core Facility, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Éva Csősz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gergő Kalló
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - István Komáromi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Combi
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.,Kálmán Laki Doctoral School, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Niké Posta
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.,Kálmán Laki Doctoral School, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Katalin Éva Sikura
- ELKH-UD Vascular Biology and Myocardial Pathophysiology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Debrecen, Hungary.,Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Dávid Pethő
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.,Kálmán Laki Doctoral School, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Melinda Oros
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.,Kálmán Laki Doctoral School, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - György Vereb
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Csaba Tóth
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Péter Gergely
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - László Nagy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.,Department of Medicine and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, St. Petersburg, Florida, USA
| | - György Balla
- ELKH-UD Vascular Biology and Myocardial Pathophysiology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Debrecen, Hungary.,Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - József Balla
- ELKH-UD Vascular Biology and Myocardial Pathophysiology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Debrecen, Hungary.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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Éva Sikura K, Combi Z, Potor L, Szerafin T, Hendrik Z, Méhes G, Gergely P, Whiteman M, Beke L, Fürtös I, Balla G, Balla J. Hydrogen sulfide inhibits aortic valve calcification in heart via regulating RUNX2 by NF-κB, a link between inflammation and mineralization. J Adv Res 2020; 27:165-176. [PMID: 33318875 PMCID: PMC7728582 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2020.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) was revealed to inhibit aortic valve calcification and inflammation was implicated in the pathogenesis of calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD). Objectives We investigate whether H2S inhibits mineralization via abolishing inflammation. Methods and results Expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) were increased in patients with CAVD and in calcified aortic valve of ApoE-/- mice. Administration of H2 2S releasing donor (4-methoxyphenyl piperidinylphosphinodithioc acid (AP72)) exhibited inhibition on both calcification and inflammation in aortic valve of apolipoprotein E knockout mice (ApoE-/-) mice is reflected by lowering IL-1β and TNF-α levels. Accordingly, AP72 prevented the accumulation of extracellular calcium deposition and decreased nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) in human valvular interstitial cells (VIC). This was also accompanied by reduced cytokine response. Double-silencing of endogenous H2S producing enzymes, Cystathionine gamma-lyase (CSE) and Cystathionine beta-synthase (CBS) in VIC exerted enhanced mineralization and higher levels of IL-1β and TNF-α. Importantly, silencing NF-κB gene or its pharmacological inhibition prevented nuclear translocation of runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) and subsequently the calcification of human VIC. Increased levels of NF-κB and Runx2 and their nuclear accumulation occurred in ApoE-/- mice with a high-fat diet. Administration of AP72 decreased the expression of NF-κB and prevented its nuclear translocation in VIC of ApoE-/- mice on a high-fat diet, and that was accompanied by a lowered pro-inflammatory cytokine level. Similarly, activation of Runx2 did not occur in VIC of ApoE-/- mice treated with H2S donor. Employing Stimulated Emission Depletion (STED) nanoscopy, a strong colocalization of NF-κB and Runx2 was detected during the progression of valvular calcification. Conclusions Hydrogen sulfide inhibits inflammation and calcification of aortic valve. Our study suggests that the regulation of Runx2 by hydrogen sulfide (CSE/CBS) occurs via NF-κB establishing a link between inflammation and mineralization in vascular calcification.
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Key Words
- AP72
- AP72, 4-methoxyphenyl piperidinylphosphinodithioc acid
- AS, stenotic aortic valve with calcification
- Aortic valve
- ApoE-/-, apolipoprotein E-deficient mice
- Apolipoprotein E knockout mice
- CAVD
- CAVD, calcific aortic valve disease
- CBS, Cystathionine beta-synthase
- CSE, Cystathionine gamma-lyase
- H2S
- HAV, healthy aortic valve from suicide patients
- IL-1β, interleukin-1β
- Inflammation
- NF-κB, nuclear factor-κB
- STED, Stimulated Emission Depletion Nanoscopy
- TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor α
- VIC, valvular interstitial cells
- cVIC, control healthy valve interstitial cells
- mHAV, healthy mouse aortic valve
- mVIC, mouse valvular interstitial cells
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Affiliation(s)
- Katalin Éva Sikura
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4012 Debrecen, Hungary.,HAS-UD Vascular Biology and Myocardial Pathophysiology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Combi
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4012 Debrecen, Hungary.,HAS-UD Vascular Biology and Myocardial Pathophysiology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - László Potor
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4012 Debrecen, Hungary.,HAS-UD Vascular Biology and Myocardial Pathophysiology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tamás Szerafin
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4012 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Hendrik
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4012 Debrecen, Hungary.,Department of Pathology, University of Debrecen, Faculty of Medicine, 4012 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gábor Méhes
- Department of Pathology, University of Debrecen, Faculty of Medicine, 4012 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Péter Gergely
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Matthew Whiteman
- University of Exeter Medical School, St. Luke's Campus, Magdalen Road, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK
| | - Lívia Beke
- Department of Pathology, University of Debrecen, Faculty of Medicine, 4012 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ibolya Fürtös
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4012 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - György Balla
- HAS-UD Vascular Biology and Myocardial Pathophysiology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Debrecen, Hungary.,Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4012 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - József Balla
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4012 Debrecen, Hungary.,HAS-UD Vascular Biology and Myocardial Pathophysiology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Debrecen, Hungary
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Potor L, Sikura KÉ, Hegedűs H, Pethő D, Szabó Z, Szigeti ZM, Pócsi I, Trencsényi G, Szikra D, Garai I, Gáll T, Combi Z, Kappelmayer J, Balla G, Balla J. The Fungal Iron Chelator Desferricoprogen Inhibits Atherosclerotic Plaque Formation. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21134746. [PMID: 32635347 PMCID: PMC7369830 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemoglobin, heme and iron are implicated in the progression of atherosclerosis. Therefore, we investigated whether the hydrophobic fungal iron chelator siderophore, desferricoprogen (DFC) inhibits atherosclerosis. DFC reduced atherosclerotic plaque formation in ApoE-/- mice on an atherogenic diet. It lowered the plasma level of oxidized LDL (oxLDL) and inhibited lipid peroxidation in aortic roots. The elevated collagen/elastin content and enhanced expression of adhesion molecule VCAM-1 were decreased. DFC diminished oxidation of Low-density Lipoprotein (LDL) and plaque lipids catalyzed by heme or hemoglobin. Formation of foam cells, uptake of oxLDL by macrophages, upregulation of CD36 and increased expression of TNF-α were reduced by DFC in macrophages. TNF-triggered endothelial cell activation (vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecules (ICAMs), E-selectin) and increased adhesion of monocytes to endothelium were attenuated. The increased endothelial permeability and intracellular gap formation provoked by TNF-α was also prevented by DFC. DFC acted as a cytoprotectant in endothelial cells and macrophages challenged with a lethal dose of oxLDL and lowered the expression of stress-responsive heme oxygenase-1 as sublethal dose was employed. Saturation of desferrisiderophore with iron led to the loss of the beneficial effects. We demonstrated that DFC accumulated within the atheromas of the aorta in ApoE-/- mice. DFC represents a novel therapeutic approach to control the progression of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- László Potor
- HAS-UD Vascular Biology and Myocardial Pathophysiology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, University of Debrecen, 4012 Debrecen, Hungary; (L.P.); (K.É.S.); (T.G.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4012 Debrecen, Hungary
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4012 Debrecen, Hungary; (H.H.); (D.P.); (Z.C.)
| | - Katalin Éva Sikura
- HAS-UD Vascular Biology and Myocardial Pathophysiology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, University of Debrecen, 4012 Debrecen, Hungary; (L.P.); (K.É.S.); (T.G.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4012 Debrecen, Hungary
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4012 Debrecen, Hungary; (H.H.); (D.P.); (Z.C.)
| | - Hajnalka Hegedűs
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4012 Debrecen, Hungary; (H.H.); (D.P.); (Z.C.)
| | - Dávid Pethő
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4012 Debrecen, Hungary; (H.H.); (D.P.); (Z.C.)
| | - Zsuzsa Szabó
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Microbiology, Institute of Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, 4012 Debrecen, Hungary; (Z.S.); (Z.M.S.); (I.P.)
| | - Zsuzsa M Szigeti
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Microbiology, Institute of Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, 4012 Debrecen, Hungary; (Z.S.); (Z.M.S.); (I.P.)
| | - István Pócsi
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Microbiology, Institute of Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, 4012 Debrecen, Hungary; (Z.S.); (Z.M.S.); (I.P.)
| | - György Trencsényi
- Scanomed Ltd., University of Debrecen, 4012 Debrecen, Hungary; (G.T.); (D.S.); (I.G.)
| | - Dezső Szikra
- Scanomed Ltd., University of Debrecen, 4012 Debrecen, Hungary; (G.T.); (D.S.); (I.G.)
| | - Ildikó Garai
- Scanomed Ltd., University of Debrecen, 4012 Debrecen, Hungary; (G.T.); (D.S.); (I.G.)
| | - Tamás Gáll
- HAS-UD Vascular Biology and Myocardial Pathophysiology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, University of Debrecen, 4012 Debrecen, Hungary; (L.P.); (K.É.S.); (T.G.)
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4012 Debrecen, Hungary; (H.H.); (D.P.); (Z.C.)
| | - Zsolt Combi
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4012 Debrecen, Hungary; (H.H.); (D.P.); (Z.C.)
| | - János Kappelmayer
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4012 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - György Balla
- HAS-UD Vascular Biology and Myocardial Pathophysiology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, University of Debrecen, 4012 Debrecen, Hungary; (L.P.); (K.É.S.); (T.G.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4012 Debrecen, Hungary
- Correspondence: (G.B.); (J.B.)
| | - József Balla
- HAS-UD Vascular Biology and Myocardial Pathophysiology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, University of Debrecen, 4012 Debrecen, Hungary; (L.P.); (K.É.S.); (T.G.)
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4012 Debrecen, Hungary; (H.H.); (D.P.); (Z.C.)
- Correspondence: (G.B.); (J.B.)
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5
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Sikura KÉ, Potor L, Szerafin T, Oros M, Nagy P, Méhes G, Hendrik Z, Zarjou A, Agarwal A, Posta N, Torregrossa R, Whiteman M, Fürtös I, Balla G, Balla J. Hydrogen sulfide inhibits calcification of heart valves; implications for calcific aortic valve disease. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 177:793-809. [PMID: 31017307 PMCID: PMC7024713 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Calcification of heart valves is a frequent pathological finding in chronic kidney disease and in elderly patients. Hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) may exert anti-calcific actions. Here we investigated H2 S as an inhibitor of valvular calcification and to identify its targets in the pathogenesis. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Effects of H2 S on osteoblastic transdifferentiation of valvular interstitial cells (VIC) isolated from samples of human aortic valves were studied using immunohistochemistry and western blots. We also assessed H2S on valvular calcification in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE-/- ) mice. KEY RESULTS In human VIC, H2 S from donor compounds (NaSH, Na2 S, GYY4137, AP67, and AP72) inhibited mineralization/osteoblastic transdifferentiation, dose-dependently in response to phosphate. Accumulation of calcium in the extracellular matrix and expression of osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase was also inhibited. RUNX2 was not translocated to the nucleus and phosphate uptake was decreased. Pyrophosphate generation was increased via up-regulating ENPP2 and ANK1. Lowering endogenous production of H2 S by concomitant silencing of cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE) and cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) favoured VIC calcification. analysis of human specimens revealed higher Expression of CSE in aorta stenosis valves with calcification (AS) was higher than in valves of aortic insufficiency (AI). In contrast, tissue H2 S generation was lower in AS valves compared to AI valves. Valvular calcification in ApoE-/- mice on a high-fat diet was inhibited by H2 S. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The endogenous CSE-CBS/H2 S system exerts anti-calcification effects in heart valves providing a novel therapeutic approach to prevent hardening of valves. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Hydrogen Sulfide in Biology & Medicine. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v177.4/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katalin Éva Sikura
- HAS‐UD Vascular Biology and Myocardial Pathophysiology Research GroupHungarian Academy of SciencesDebrecenHungary
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
| | - László Potor
- HAS‐UD Vascular Biology and Myocardial Pathophysiology Research GroupHungarian Academy of SciencesDebrecenHungary
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
| | - Tamás Szerafin
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
| | - Melinda Oros
- HAS‐UD Vascular Biology and Myocardial Pathophysiology Research GroupHungarian Academy of SciencesDebrecenHungary
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
| | - Péter Nagy
- Department of Molecular Immunology and ToxicologyNational Institute of OncologyBudapestHungary
| | - Gábor Méhes
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Debrecen, Faculty of MedicineDebrecenHungary
| | - Zoltán Hendrik
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Debrecen, Faculty of MedicineDebrecenHungary
| | - Abolfazl Zarjou
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Nephrology Research and Training Center and Center for Free Radical BiologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabama
| | - Anupam Agarwal
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Nephrology Research and Training Center and Center for Free Radical BiologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabama
| | - Niké Posta
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
| | | | - Matthew Whiteman
- College of Medicine and HealthUniversity of Exeter Medical SchoolExeterUK
| | - Ibolya Fürtös
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
| | - György Balla
- HAS‐UD Vascular Biology and Myocardial Pathophysiology Research GroupHungarian Academy of SciencesDebrecenHungary
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
| | - József Balla
- HAS‐UD Vascular Biology and Myocardial Pathophysiology Research GroupHungarian Academy of SciencesDebrecenHungary
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
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Sikura KÉ, Potor L, Szerafin T, Zarjou A, Agarwal A, Arosio P, Poli M, Hendrik Z, Méhes G, Oros M, Posta N, Beke L, Fürtös I, Balla G, Balla J. Potential Role of H-Ferritin in Mitigating Valvular Mineralization. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 39:413-431. [PMID: 30700131 PMCID: PMC6393195 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.312191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Objective- Calcific aortic valve disease is a prominent finding in elderly and in patients with chronic kidney disease. We investigated the potential role of iron metabolism in the pathogenesis of calcific aortic valve disease. Approach and Results- Cultured valvular interstitial cells of stenotic aortic valve with calcification from patients undergoing valve replacement exhibited significant susceptibility to mineralization/osteoblastic transdifferentiation in response to phosphate. This process was abrogated by iron via induction of H-ferritin as reflected by lowering ALP and osteocalcin secretion and preventing extracellular calcium deposition. Cellular phosphate uptake and accumulation of lysosomal phosphate were decreased. Accordingly, expression of phosphate transporters Pit1 and Pit2 were repressed. Translocation of ferritin into lysosomes occurred with high phosphate-binding capacity. Importantly, ferritin reduced nuclear accumulation of RUNX2 (Runt-related transcription factor 2), and as a reciprocal effect, it enhanced nuclear localization of transcription factor Sox9 (SRY [sex-determining region Y]-box 9). Pyrophosphate generation was also increased via upregulation of ENPP2 (ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase-2). 3H-1, 2-dithiole-3-thione mimicked these beneficial effects in valvular interstitial cell via induction of H-ferritin. Ferroxidase activity of H-ferritin was essential for this function, as ceruloplasmin exhibited similar inhibitory functions. Histological analysis of stenotic aortic valve revealed high expression of H-ferritin without iron accumulation and its relative dominance over ALP in noncalcified regions. Increased expression of H-ferritin accompanied by elevation of TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-α) and IL-1β (interleukin-1β) levels, inducers of H-ferritin, corroborates the essential role of ferritin/ferroxidase via attenuating inflammation in calcific aortic valve disease. Conclusions- Our results indicate that H-ferritin is a stratagem in mitigating valvular mineralization/osteoblastic differentiation. Utilization of 3H-1, 2-dithiole-3-thione to induce ferritin expression may prove a novel therapeutic potential in valvular mineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katalin Éva Sikura
- HAS-UD Vascular Biology and Myocardial Pathophysiology Research Group, Hungarian, Academy of Sciences, Debrecen, Hungary
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4012 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - László Potor
- HAS-UD Vascular Biology and Myocardial Pathophysiology Research Group, Hungarian, Academy of Sciences, Debrecen, Hungary
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4012 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tamás Szerafin
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4012 Debrecen, Hungary
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4012 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Abolfazl Zarjou
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Nephrology Research and Training Center and Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Anupam Agarwal
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Nephrology Research and Training Center and Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Paolo Arosio
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Maura Poli
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Zoltán Hendrik
- Department of Pathology, University of Debrecen, Faculty of Medicine, 4012 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gábor Méhes
- Department of Pathology, University of Debrecen, Faculty of Medicine, 4012 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Melinda Oros
- HAS-UD Vascular Biology and Myocardial Pathophysiology Research Group, Hungarian, Academy of Sciences, Debrecen, Hungary
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4012 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Niké Posta
- HAS-UD Vascular Biology and Myocardial Pathophysiology Research Group, Hungarian, Academy of Sciences, Debrecen, Hungary
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4012 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Lívia Beke
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4012 Debrecen, Hungary
- Department of Pathology, University of Debrecen, Faculty of Medicine, 4012 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ibolya Fürtös
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4012 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - György Balla
- HAS-UD Vascular Biology and Myocardial Pathophysiology Research Group, Hungarian, Academy of Sciences, Debrecen, Hungary
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4012 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - József Balla
- HAS-UD Vascular Biology and Myocardial Pathophysiology Research Group, Hungarian, Academy of Sciences, Debrecen, Hungary
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4012 Debrecen, Hungary
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