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Crowe K, Spiro-Levitt C. Sleep-Related Problems and Pediatric Anxiety Disorders. Psychiatr Clin North Am 2024; 47:213-228. [PMID: 38302208 DOI: 10.1016/j.psc.2023.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Sleep-related problems are highly prevalent among childhood and adolescent anxiety disorders. The objective of this review was to summarize the relevant clinical research literature as it pertains to the nature of the association between sleep-related problems and youth anxiety, developmental factors relevant to this association, and intervention efforts to target comorbid sleep challenges and anxiety. Limitations of the literature and future directions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Crowe
- Home for Anxiety, Repetitive Behaviors, OCD, and Related Disorders (HARBOR), 1518 Walnut Street, Suite 1506, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA.
| | - Carolyn Spiro-Levitt
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry at Hassenfeld Children's Hospital at New York University (NYU) Langone, 1 Park Avenue, Seventh Floor, New York, NY 10016, USA
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Graham-Brown MPM, Casula A, Savino M, Humphrey T, Pyart R, Amaran M, Williams J, Crowe K, Medcalf JF. A National audit of the care of patients with acute kidney injury in England and Wales in 2019 and the association with patient outcomes. Clin Med (Lond) 2024; 24:100028. [PMID: 38387536 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinme.2024.100028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication of hospitalisations. This national audit assessed the care received by patients with AKI in hospital Trusts in England and Wales. METHODS Twenty four hospital Trusts across England and Wales took part. Patients with AKI stage2/3 were identified using the UK Renal Registry AKI master patient index. Data was returned through a secure portal with linkage to hospital episode statistic mortality and hospitalisation data. Completion rates of AKI care standards and regional variations in care were established. RESULTS 989 AKI episodes were included in the analyses. In-hospital 30-day mortality was 31-33.1% (AKI 2/3). Standard AKI interventions were completed in >80% of episodes. Significant inter-hospital variation remained in attainment of AKI care standards after adjustment for age and sex. Recording of urinalysis (41.9%) and timely imaging (37.2%) were low. Information on discharge summaries relating to medication changes/re-commencement and follow-up blood tests associated with reduced mortality. No quality indicators relating to clinical management associated with mortality. Better communication on discharge summaries associated with reduced mortality. CONCLUSIONS Outcomes for patients with AKI in hospital remain poor. Regional variation in care exists. Work is needed to assess whether improving and standardising care improves patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P M Graham-Brown
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, LE1 9HN, United Kingdom; NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom; John Walls Renal Unit, Leicester General Hospital, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, United Kingdom.
| | - A Casula
- UK Renal Registry, United Kingdom
| | - M Savino
- UK Renal Registry, United Kingdom; Bristol Royal Infirmary, Division of Acute Medicine
| | - T Humphrey
- Department of Renal Medicine, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
| | - R Pyart
- UK Renal Registry, United Kingdom
| | - M Amaran
- Renal Unit, St George's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - J Williams
- School of Medicine, University of Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - K Crowe
- Glasgow Renal & Transplant Unit, NHS Greater Glasgow & Clyde, United Kingdom
| | - J F Medcalf
- John Walls Renal Unit, Leicester General Hospital, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, United Kingdom; UK Renal Registry, United Kingdom
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Crowe K, White B, Khanna N, Cooke B, Kingsmore DB, Jackson A, Stevenson KS, Kasthuri R, Thomson PC. Epidemiology of bloodstream infections in a Scottish haemodialysis population with focus on vascular access method. J Hosp Infect 2021; 110:37-44. [PMID: 33484781 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2021.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infection is the second highest cause of mortality in end-stage renal disease, with a significant proportion relating to haemodialysis (HD) vascular access-related infection (VARI). AIM To report the rate and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of all-source bloodstream infections (BSIs) by vascular access type in a Scottish HD cohort. METHODS Retrospective analysis was undertaken of data on adult patients attending seven HD units during 2017. Total HD days for each vascular access type were calculated. BSIs were analysed with rates expressed per 1000 HD days. AMR was verified using health board microbiology databases. FINDINGS Excluding contaminant organisms, there was an overall BSI rate of 0.57 per 1000 HD days. The highest all-source and vascular access-related infection (VARI) BSI rates per 1000 HD days were in the non-tunnelled central venous catheter (CVC) group (3.11 and 2.07 respectively), followed by tunnelled CVC (1.10 and 0.67), arteriovenous graft (0.51 and 0.31), and finally arteriovenous fistula (0.29 and 0.02). The non-VARI BSI rates were lowest in the arteriovenous graft group. Staphylococci comprised the majority of events, with Staphylococcus aureus implicated in 29%. Gram-negative BSIs were prevalent, particularly in CVC groups, and associated with higher mortality. Multidrug-resistant (MDR) S. aureus and carbapenem resistance were relatively low. MDR Gram-negatives were high compared with the Scottish population. CONCLUSION Arteriovenous fistula access is confirmed as having lowest all-source and VARI BSI rates, and arteriovenous graft access the lowest non-VARI BSI rates. Staphylococci remain the prevailing genus; however, the contributions of Gram-negative BSIs, the higher mortality, and proportion of MDR organisms in this group are notable.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Crowe
- Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK.
| | - B White
- Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - N Khanna
- Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - B Cooke
- Forth Valley Royal Hospital, Larbert, UK
| | | | - A Jackson
- Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - R Kasthuri
- Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - P C Thomson
- Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
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Abstract
Sleep-related problems are highly prevalent among childhood and adolescent anxiety disorders. The objective of this review was to summarize the relevant clinical research literature as it pertains to the nature of the association between sleep-related problems and youth anxiety, developmental factors relevant to this association, and intervention efforts to target comorbid sleep challenges and anxiety. Limitations of the literature and future directions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Crowe
- Home for Anxiety, Repetitive Behaviors, OCD, and Related Disorders (HARBOR), 1518 Walnut Street, Suite 1506, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA.
| | - Carolyn Spiro-Levitt
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry at Hassenfeld Children's Hospital at New York University (NYU) Langone, 1 Park Avenue, Seventh Floor, New York, NY 10016, USA
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Kotecki N, O'Neil B, Jalal S, Massard C, Wallin J, Szpurka A, Wang D, Galvao VR, Xia M, Crowe K, Geeganage S, Doman T, Gandhi L, Xu X, Bendell J. A Phase I Study of an Anti-IDO1 Inhibitor (LY3381916) as Monotherapy and in Combination with an Anti-PD-L1 Antibody (LY3300054) in Patients with Advanced Cancer. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz451.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Bowers J, Crowe K, Keeran P. “If You Want the History of a White Man, You Go to the Library” : Critiquing Our Legacy, Addressing Our Library Collections Gaps. Collection Management 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/01462679.2017.1329104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Peggy Keeran
- University of Denver Libraries, Denver, Colorado
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Blakely C, Branscombe P, Campbell D, Crowe K, Hart R, Hart R, Shi M, Smith L, Thakrar A. FATAL CONTRACTION: SURVIVING CARDIAC ARREST CAUSED BY CORONARY ARTERY SPASM: A CASE STUDY. Can J Cardiol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2017.07.430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Branscombe P, Blakely C, Campbell D, Crowe K, Hart R, Hart R, Shi M, Smith L, Thakrar A. WAKE UP AND SMELL WHAT'S BREWING: IS UNTREATED SLEEP APNEA INCREASING OUR PATIENTS' CARDIAC RISK? Can J Cardiol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2017.07.470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Crowe K, Burns T, Buzzard J, Dolan L, Register S, Ellis A. Knowledge and Intake of Nutrient-dense Dietary Patterns are Deficient among College Students. J Acad Nutr Diet 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2017.08.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Blakely C, Branscombe P, Campbell D, Crowe K, Hart R, Hart R, Smith L, Baranchuk A, Wobeser W. “Tick talk” Before the “Block”: The Cardiac Manifestations of Lyme Disease. Can J Cardiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2016.07.555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Reese HE, Vallejo Z, Rasmussen J, Crowe K, Rosenfield E, Wilhelm S. Mindfulness-based stress reduction for Tourette Syndrome and Chronic Tic Disorder: a pilot study. J Psychosom Res 2015; 78:293-8. [PMID: 25149879 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2014.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Revised: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 08/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this pilot study we sought to develop and test a modified form of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR-tics) for the treatment of Tourette Syndrome (TS) and Chronic Tic Disorder (CTD). Our specific aims were: 1) To determine the feasibility and acceptability of an 8-week trial of MBSR-tics in individuals 16 and older with TS or CTD and 2) To determine the efficacy of an 8-week trial of MBSR-tics in individuals 16 and older with TS or CTD. METHODS Eighteen individuals age 16-67 completed an uncontrolled open trial of MBSR-tics. The intervention consisted of 8 weekly 2-hour classes and one 4hour retreat in the fifth or sixth week of the program. Symptomatic assessments were performed at baseline, post-treatment, and one-month follow-up. RESULTS MBSR-tics proved to be a feasible and acceptable intervention. It resulted in significant improvement in tic severity and tic-related impairment. 58.8% of subjects were deemed treatment responders. Therapeutic gains were maintained at 1-month follow-up. Improvements in tic severity were correlated with increases in self-reported levels of mindfulness. CONCLUSIONS This small open pilot study provides preliminary support for the feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy of MBSR-tics for individuals 16 or older with TS or CTD. A larger randomized controlled trial with blind assessment is necessary to confirm these initial, promising findings. Trial Registration Partners Clinical Trials Registry Number 2011P000606 (clinicaltrials.partners.org).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah E Reese
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, United States.
| | - Zayda Vallejo
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, United States
| | - Jessica Rasmussen
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, United States
| | - Katherine Crowe
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, United States
| | - Elizabeth Rosenfield
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, United States
| | - Sabine Wilhelm
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, United States
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13
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Crowe K, Murray E. Provision of Phenolic Phytochemicals by 100% Fruit Juice. J Acad Nutr Diet 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2014.06.243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Reese HE, Scahill L, Peterson AL, Crowe K, Woods DW, Piacentini J, Walkup JT, Wilhelm S. The premonitory urge to tic: measurement, characteristics, and correlates in older adolescents and adults. Behav Ther 2014; 45:177-86. [PMID: 24491193 PMCID: PMC4445415 DOI: 10.1016/j.beth.2013.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2013] [Revised: 09/12/2013] [Accepted: 09/13/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
In addition to motor and/or vocal tics, many individuals with Tourette syndrome (TS) or chronic tic disorder (CTD) report frequent, uncomfortable sensory phenomena that immediately precede the tics. To date, examination of these premonitory sensations or urges has been limited by inconsistent assessment tools. In this paper, we examine the psychometric properties of a nine-item self-report measure, the Premonitory Urge to Tic Scale (PUTS) and examine the characteristics and correlates of the premonitory urge to tic in a clinical sample of 122 older adolescents and adults with TS or CTD. The PUTS demonstrated adequate internal consistency, temporal stability, and concurrent validity. Premonitory urges were endorsed by the majority of individuals. Most individuals reported some relief from the urges after completing a tic and being able to stop their tics even if only temporarily. Degree of premonitory urges was not significantly correlated with age, and we did not observe any gender differences. Degree of premonitory urges was significantly correlated with estimated IQ and tic severity, but not severity of comorbid obsessive-compulsive disorder or attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Also, it was not related to concomitant medication status. These findings represent another step forward in our understanding of the premonitory sensations associated with TS and CTD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah E. Reese
- Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, 55 Fruit St., Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Lawrence Scahill
- Yale Child Study Center, 230 South Frontage Road, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Alan L. Peterson
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 77550 IH-10 West, Suite 1325, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Katherine Crowe
- Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, 55 Fruit St., Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Douglas W. Woods
- University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Department of Psychology, 224 Garland Hall, 2441 E. Hartford Ave., Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA
| | - John Piacentini
- University of California at Los Angeles Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, BOX 951759, 760 Westwood Plaza, 67-455 Semel Institute, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1759, USA
| | | | - Sabine Wilhelm
- Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, 55 Fruit St., Boston, MA 02114, USA
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Chung P, Ajitanand NN, Alexander JM, Anderson M, Best D, Brady FP, Case T, Caskey W, Cebra D, Chance JL, Cole B, Crowe K, Das AC, Draper JE, Gilkes ML, Gushue S, Heffner M, Hirsch AS, Hjort EL, Holzmann W, Huo L, Issah M, Justice M, Kaplan M, Keane D, Kintner JC, Klay J, Krofcheck D, Lacey RA, Lauret J, Lisa MA, Liu H, Liu YM, Milan J, McGrath R, Milosevich Z, Odyniec G, Olson DL, Panitkin S, Porile NT, Rai G, Ritter HG, Romero JL, Scharenberg R, Srivastava B, Stone NTB, Symons TJM, Taranenko A, Whitfield J, Wienold T, Witt R, Wood L, Zhang WN, Oeschler H. Near-threshold production of the multistrange Xi- hyperon. Phys Rev Lett 2003; 91:202301. [PMID: 14683356 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.91.202301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The yield for the multistrange Xi(-) hyperon has been measured in 6A GeV Au+Au collisions via reconstruction of its decay products pi(-) and Lambda, the latter also being reconstructed from its daughter tracks of pi(-) and p. The measurement is rather close to the threshold for Xi(-) production and therefore provides an important test of model predictions. The measured yield for Xi(-) and Lambda are compared for several centralities. In central collisions the Xi(-) yield is found to be in excellent agreement with statistical and transport model predictions, suggesting that multistrange hadron production approaches chemical equilibrium in high baryon density nuclear matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Chung
- Departments of Chemistry and Physics, SUNY at Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
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Chung P, Ajitanand NN, Alexander JM, Anderson M, Best D, Brady FP, Case T, Caskey W, Cebra D, Chance JL, Cole B, Crowe K, Das AC, Draper JE, Gilkes ML, Gushue S, Heffner M, Hirsch AS, Hjort EL, Holzmann W, Huo L, Issah M, Justice M, Kaplan M, Keane D, Kintner JC, Klay J, Krofcheck D, Lacey RA, Lauret J, Lisa MA, Liu H, Liu YM, McGrath R, Milosevich Z, Odyniec G, Olson DL, Panitkin S, Porile NT, Rai G, Ritter HG, Romero JL, Scharenberg R, Srivastava B, Stone NTB, Symons TJM, Taranenko A, Whitfield J, Witt R, Wood L, Zhang WN, Brown D, Pratt S, Wang F, Danielewicz P. Comparison of source images for protons, pi-'s, and lambda's in 6A GeV Au+Au collisions. Phys Rev Lett 2003; 91:162301. [PMID: 14611394 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.91.162301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2002] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Source images are extracted from two-particle correlations constructed from strange and nonstrange hadrons produced in 6A GeV Au+Au collisions. Very different source images result from pp vs p Lambda vs pi(-)pi(-) correlations. Scaling by transverse mass can describe the apparent source size ratio for p/pi(-) but not for Lambda/pi(-) or Lambda/p. These observations suggest important differences in the space-time emission histories for protons, pions, and neutral strange baryons produced in the same events.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Chung
- Department of Chemistry, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
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Klay JL, Ajitanand NN, Alexander JM, Anderson MG, Best D, Brady FP, Case T, Caskey W, Cebra D, Chance JL, Chung P, Cole B, Crowe K, Das AC, Draper JE, Gilkes ML, Gushue S, Heffner M, Hirsch AS, Hjort EL, Huo L, Justice M, Kaplan M, Keane D, Kintner JC, Krofcheck D, Lacey RA, Lauret J, Law C, Lisa MA, Liu H, Liu YM, McGrath R, Milosevich Z, Odyniec G, Olson DL, Panitkin SY, Pinkenburg C, Porile NT, Rai G, Ritter HG, Romero JL, Scharenberg R, Schroeder L, Srivastava B, Stone NTB, Symons TJM, Wang S, Wells R, Whitfield J, Wienold T, Witt R, Wood L, Zhang WN. Longitudinal flow of protons from (2-8)A GeV central Au+Au collisions. Phys Rev Lett 2002; 88:102301. [PMID: 11909348 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.88.102301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Rapidity distributions of protons from central 197Au+197Au collisions measured by the E895 Collaboration in the energy range from (2-8)A GeV at the Brookhaven AGS are presented. Longitudinal flow parameters derived using a thermal model including collective longitudinal expansion are extracted from these distributions. The results show an approximately linear increase in the longitudinal flow velocity, <betagamma>(L), as a function of the logarithm of beam energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Klay
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
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Panitkin SY, Ajitanand NN, Alexander J, Anderson M, Best D, Brady FP, Case T, Caskey W, Cebra D, Chance J, Chung P, Cole B, Crowe K, Das A, Draper J, Gilkes M, Gushue S, Heffner M, Hirsch A, Hjort E, Huo L, Justice M, Kaplan M, Keane D, Kintner J, Klay J, Krofcheck D, Lacey R, Lauret J, Lisa MA, Liu H, Liu YM, McGrath R, Milosevich Z, Odyniec G, Olson D, Pinkenburg C, Porile N, Rai G, Ritter HG, Romero J, Scharenberg R, Schroeder LS, Srivastava B, Stone NT, Symons TJ, Wang S, Wells R, Whitfield J, Wienold T, Witt R, Wood L, Yang X, Zhang WN, Zhang Y, Brown DA, Danielewicz P. Model-independent source imaging using two-pion correlations in (2 to 8)a GeV Au+Au collisions. Phys Rev Lett 2001; 87:112304. [PMID: 11531518 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.87.112304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We report a particle source imaging analysis based on two-pion correlations in high multiplicity Au+Au collisions at beam energies between 2A and 8A GeV. We apply the imaging technique introduced by Brown and Danielewicz, which allows a model-independent extraction of source functions with useful accuracy out to relative pion separations of about 20 fm. The extracted source functions have Gaussian shapes. Values of source functions at zero separation are almost constant across the energy range under study. Imaging results are found to be consistent with conventional source parameters obtained from a multidimensional Hanburg-Brown-Twiss analysis.
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Chung P, Ajitanand NN, Alexander JM, Anderson M, Best D, Brady FP, Case T, Caskey W, Cebra D, Chance JL, Cole B, Crowe K, Das A, Draper JE, Gilkes ML, Gushue S, Heffner M, Hirsch AS, Hjort EL, Huo L, Justice M, Kaplan M, Keane D, Kintner JC, Klay J, Krofcheck D, Lacey RA, Lauret J, Lisa MA, Liu H, Liu YM, McGrath R, Milosevich Z, Odyniec G, Olson DL, Panitkin SY, Pinkenburg C, Porile NT, Rai G, Ritter HG, Romero JL, Scharenberg R, Schroeder L, Srivastava B, Stone NT, Symons TJ, Wienold T, Witt R, Whitfield J, Wood L, Zhang WN. Directed flow of lambda hyperons in (2-6 )A GeV Au+Au collisions. Phys Rev Lett 2001; 86:2533-2536. [PMID: 11289973 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.86.2533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Directed flow measurements for Lambda hyperons are presented and compared to those for protons produced in the same Au+Au collisions (2A, 4A, and 6A GeV; b<5-6 fm). The measurements indicate that Lambda hyperons flow consistently in the same direction but with smaller magnitudes. A strong positive flow [for Lambdas] has been predicted in calculations which include the influence of the Lambda-nucleon potential. The experimental flow ratio Lambda/p is in qualitative agreement with expectations (approximately 2/3) from the quark counting rule at 2A GeV but is found to decrease with increasing beam energy.
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20
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Chung P, Ajitanand NN, Alexander JM, Anderson M, Best D, Brady FP, Case T, Caskey W, Cebra D, Chance JL, Cole B, Crowe K, Das A, Draper JE, Gilkes ML, Gushue S, Heffner M, Hirsch AS, Hjort EL, Huo L, Justice M, Kaplan M, Keane D, Kintner JC, Klay J, Krofcheck D. Antiflow of K(0)(s) mesons in 6A GeV Au + Au collisions. Phys Rev Lett 2000; 85:940-943. [PMID: 10991444 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.85.940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We have measured the sideward flow of neutral strange ( K(0)(s)) mesons in 6A GeV Au+Au collisions. A prominent antiflow signal is observed for an impact parameter range ( b less, similar7 fm) which spans central and midcentral events. Since the K(0)(s) scattering cross section is relatively small in nuclear matter, this observation suggests that the in-medium kaon vector potential plays an important role in high density nuclear matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Chung
- Departments of Chemistry and Physics, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
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Liu H, Ajitanand NN, Alexander J, Anderson M, Best D, Brady FP, Case T, Caskey W, Cebra D, Chance J, Cole B, Crowe K, Das A, Draper J, Gilkes M, Gushue S, Heffner M, Hirsch A, Hjort E, Huo L, Justice M, Kaplan M, Keane D, Kintner J, Klay J, Krofcheck D. Sideward flow in Au+Au collisions between 2A and 8A GeV. Phys Rev Lett 2000; 84:5488-5492. [PMID: 10990976 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.84.5488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/1999] [Revised: 04/05/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Using the large acceptance Time Projection Chamber of experiment E895 at Brookhaven, measurements of collective sideward flow in Au+Au collisions at beam energies of 2A, 4A, 6A, and 8A GeV are presented in the form of in-plane transverse momentum <p(x)> and the first Fourier coefficient of azimuthal anisotropy v(1). These measurements indicate a smooth variation of sideward flow as a function of beam energy. The data are compared with four nuclear transport models which have an orientation towards this energy range. All four exhibit some qualitative trends similar to those found in the data, although none show a consistent pattern of agreement within experimental uncertainties.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Liu
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
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Lisa MA, Ajitanand NN, Alexander JM, Anderson M, Best D, Brady FP, Case T, Caskey W, Cebra D, Chance JL, Chung P, Cole B, Crowe K, Das AC, Draper JE, Gilkes ML, Gushue S, Heffner M, Hirsch AS, Hjort EL, Huo L, Justice M, Kaplan M, Keane D, Kintner JC, Klay J. Bombarding energy dependence of pi(-) interferometry at the brookhaven AGS. Phys Rev Lett 2000; 84:2798-2802. [PMID: 11018945 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.84.2798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/1999] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We present the first excitation function of pi(-) intensity interferometry at Alternating Gradient Synchrotron (AGS) energies (2-8 A GeV). The sensitivity of the multidimensional correlation functions to the geometry and dynamics of the pion-emitting system provides a stringent test of transport models of heavy ion collisions. Detailed comparisons with a realistic transport model, both with and without an explicit nuclear mean field, suggest that the beam energy evolution in the reaction dynamics is different in the model than in the data. A significantly increased pi(-) emission time scale, which has been suggested as a signal of the onset of the transition to quark-gluon plasma, is not observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- MA Lisa
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
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Luster AD, Cardiff RD, MacLean JA, Crowe K, Granstein RD. Delayed wound healing and disorganized neovascularization in transgenic mice expressing the IP-10 chemokine. Proc Assoc Am Physicians 1998; 110:183-96. [PMID: 9625525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
IP-10 is a member of the alpha or cysteine-X amino acid-cysteine (CXC) chemokine family of chemotactic cytokines. High levels of IP-10 expression have been detected in a number of chronic human inflammatory conditions, including psoriasis, a common inflammatory disease of the skin. IP-10 has been shown to chemoattract activated T cells, inhibit the proliferation of endothelial cells, and inhibit the growth of tumors in vivo. To determine the capacity of IP-10 to modulate the inflammatory response in vivo, we have created transgenic mice that constitutively express IP-10 from keratinocytes. These mice developed normally and, in general, did not spontaneously recruit leukocytes into the skin or other organs that expressed the transgene. In addition, the transgenic mice had a normal cutaneous contact hypersensitivity cellular immune response. However, IP-10 transgenic mice had an abnormal wound healing response characterized by a more intense inflammatory phase and a prolonged and disorganized granulation phase with impaired blood vessel formation. These results have demonstrated that IP-10 can inhibit the neovascularization associated with a physiological response in vivo and have revealed a novel biologic activity of IP-10 as an inhibitor of wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- A D Luster
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
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Dardenne YX, McHarris WM, Bistirlich JA, Bossingham R, Bossy H, Case T, Chacon AD, Crowe K, Shihab-Eldin A, Friedrich J, Rasmussen JO, Stoyer MA. Inclusive protonlike production cross sections from 0.757 GeV/nucleon La+La collisions. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1994; 49:2058-2067. [PMID: 9969438 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.49.2058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Abstract
Knowledge of childbirth, fears regarding pregnancy, locus of control, state anxiety, expectation of pain, and confidence in ability to control pain were examined as possible predictors of positive childbirth experience. Self-reports of these variables were collected from 30 primiparous women enrolled in prenatal courses, on three occasions: before the first class, after the last class, and 24 to 48 hours after delivery. The number of women completing postdelivery measures was 21. It was found that those who demonstrated greater knowledge of childbirth and higher confidence after classes subsequently reported a less painful childbirth. Of interest, those with higher levels of childbirth-related fear before classes reported experiencing less anxiety during labor and delivery. It was suggested that these women may have recognized and dealt with their concerns earlier. Psychologic factors that appear to be most predictive of a positive childbirth experience include knowledge, confidence, and anxiety. The present findings support the current emphasis in prenatal education on imparting knowledge, instilling confidence, and providing a forum for dealing with childbirth-related fears.
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Crowe K, Hughes J. Incorporating reality into learning. Health Manpow Manage 1988; 14:19-21. [PMID: 10289910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
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Crowe K. Family life education. Can J Public Health 1972; 63:69-72. [PMID: 5010574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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