1
|
Kumar SS, Balakrishna K. A new wide input voltage DC-DC converter for solar PV systems with hybrid MPPT controller. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10639. [PMID: 38724666 PMCID: PMC11082162 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61367-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The present working conventional power generation systems utilization is reducing day by day because of their demerits are more functioning cost, high carbon dioxide emission, more complexity in handling, and required high installation area. So, the current power generation company focuses on Renewable Energy Sources (RES) which are wind, tidal, and solar. Here, the solar power network is utilized for supplying electricity to the electrical vehicle battery charging system. The Solar photovoltaic (PV) modules supply nonlinear power which is not useful for automotive systems. To maximize the supply power of the solar PV system, an Adaptive Step Genetic Algorithm Optimized (ASGAO) Radial Basis Functional Network (RBFN) is utilized for tracking the working point of the solar PV module thereby enhancing the operating efficiency of the overall system. The features of this proposed hybrid Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) controller are quick system dynamic response, easy operation, quick convergence speed, more robustness, and high operating efficiency when equalized with the basic MPPT controllers. The major issue of solar PV modules is low supply voltage which is increased by introducing the wide input voltage DC-DC converter. The merits of this introduced converter are low-level voltage stress on diodes, good quality supply power, high voltage gain, plus low implementation cost. Here, the introduced converter along with the AGAO-RBFN controller is analyzed by selecting the MATLAB/Simulink environment. Also, the proposed converter is tested with the help of a programable DC source.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - K Balakrishna
- Vignan's Foundation for Science Technology and Research, Vadlamudi, India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kumar SS, Balakrishna K. A novel optimal identification of various solar PV cell parameters by using MRDT controller. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10467. [PMID: 38714770 PMCID: PMC11076617 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61359-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/10/2024] Open
Abstract
At present, Renewable Energy Sources (RES) utilization keeps on increasing because of their merits are more availability in the atmosphere, easy energy harvesting, less maintenance expenses, plus more reliability. Here, the solar power generation systems are utilized for supplying the energy to the local consumers. The accurate, and efficient solar power supply to the customers is a very important factor to meet the peak load demand. The accurate power generation of the sunlight system completely depends on its accurate parameters extraction. In this work, a Modified Rao-based Dichotomy Technique (MRAODT) is introduced to identify the actual parameters of the different PV cells which are PWP 201 polycrystalline, plus RTC France. The proposed MRAODT method is compared with the other existing algorithms which are the teaching and learning algorithm, African vultures, plus tuna intelligence algorithm. Finally, from the simulation results, the MRAODT gives superior performance when associated with the other controllers in terms of parameters extraction time, accuracy in the PV cells parameters identification, plus convergence time of the algorithm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - K Balakrishna
- Vignan's Foundation for Science Technology and Research, Vadlamudi, India.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kumar SS, Balakrishna K. A novel design and analysis of hybrid fuzzy logic MPPT controller for solar PV system under partial shading conditions. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10256. [PMID: 38704401 PMCID: PMC11069545 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60870-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Renewable energy resources are more useful when associated with the thermal power generation network because of their high accessibility in the environment, good system response, easy manufacturing, plus high scalable. So, the present research is going on solar power to reduce consumer grid dependency. The running of the PV network is quite easier, plus less human sources are involved. However, the solar modules' power generation is nonlinear fashion. So, the collection of peak power from the sunlight-dependent systems is a highly challenging task. In this article, a Modified Differential Step Grey Wolf Optimization with Adaptive Fuzzy Logic Controller (MDSGWO with FLC) is developed for collecting the maximum power from renewable energy resources under diverse Partial Shading Conditions (PSCs). The introduced method comprehensive analysis has been done along with the other recently existing MPPT methods in terms of convergence speed, MPP tracking accuracy, operating efficiency of the introduced method, functioning duty value of the DC-DC boost power converter, dependence of MPPT on sunlight system, total number of sensing devices are needed, plus peak power extraction from the proposed system. Here, the sunlight power generation cost is more to limit this issue, a power converter is selected in the second objective to develop the voltage source capability of the PV network. The overall PV-interfaced power converter network is examined by utilizing the MATLAB environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sunkara Sunil Kumar
- Vignan's Foundation for Science Technology and Research, Vadlamudi, 522213, India
| | - K Balakrishna
- Vignan's Foundation for Science Technology and Research, Vadlamudi, 522213, India.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Venkataramana M, Rashmi R, Uppalapati SR, Chandranayaka S, Balakrishna K, Radhika M, Gupta VK, Batra HV. Corrigendum: Development of sandwich dot-ELISA for specific detection of Ochratoxin A and its application on to contaminated cereal grains originating from India. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1194327. [PMID: 37915856 PMCID: PMC10617669 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1194327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00511.].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M. Venkataramana
- Division of Toxicology and Immunology, DRDO-BU Center for Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India
| | - R. Rashmi
- Microbiology Division, Defence Food Research Laboratory, Mysore, India
| | | | - S. Chandranayaka
- Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Mysore, India
| | - K. Balakrishna
- Microbiology Division, Defence Food Research Laboratory, Mysore, India
| | - M. Radhika
- Microbiology Division, Defence Food Research Laboratory, Mysore, India
| | - Vijai K. Gupta
- Discipline of Biochemistry, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - H. V. Batra
- Microbiology Division, Defence Food Research Laboratory, Mysore, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Risha Achaiah I, Gayathri BH, Banu N, Kaliprasad CS, Beena Ullala Mata BN, Ajeya KP, Balakrishna K, Udayabhanu, Prashantha K, Girish YR, Anush SM. Efficient removal of metal ions from aqueous solutions using MoS 2 functionalized chitosan Schiff base incorporated with Fe 3O 4 nanoparticle. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 248:125976. [PMID: 37494988 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
In the present work a novel pyrazole based chitosan Schiff base material was prepared using 5-azido-3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbaldehyde and functionalized using Fe3O4-MoS2, where the nanoparticles get embedded within the gel matrix. The composite material was characterized using various techniques such as XRD, SEM, FTIR, EDS and TGA. The adsorbent material was analysed for the adsorptive take up process from the aqueous solutions of metal ion concentration ranging 20-100 mgL-1. The maximum adsorption capacity obtained for the material was 200.00 and 125.00 mg/g for Cr(VI) and Cu(II) respectively. Adsorptive mechanism was found to have pseudo second order kinetics and the adsorption isotherm followed Langmuir adsorption model following the monolayer adsorptive process. Further the evaluated thermodynamic parameter showed the adsorption process to be spontaneous and endothermic in nature. Reusability of the composite material was achieved using suitable stripping solutions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Risha Achaiah
- ACU-Centre for Research and Innovation, Adichunchanagiri School of Natural Sciences, Adichunchanagiri University, Mandya 571448, India
| | - B H Gayathri
- BMS College for Women, Basavanagudi, Bengaluru 560004, Karnataka, India
| | - Nagma Banu
- Department of Post-Graduate Studies & Research in Chemistry, Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri, 574199 DK, Karnataka, India
| | - C S Kaliprasad
- Department of Physics, BMS College of Engineering, Bengaluru 560019, India
| | - B N Beena Ullala Mata
- Department of Medical Electronics, BMS College of Engineering, Bengaluru 560019, India
| | - K P Ajeya
- ACU-Centre for Research and Innovation, Adichunchanagiri School of Natural Sciences, Adichunchanagiri University, Mandya 571448, India
| | - K Balakrishna
- Department of Post-Graduate Studies & Research in Chemistry, Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri, 574199 DK, Karnataka, India
| | - Udayabhanu
- ACU-Centre for Research and Innovation, Adichunchanagiri School of Natural Sciences, Adichunchanagiri University, Mandya 571448, India
| | - K Prashantha
- ACU-Centre for Research and Innovation, Adichunchanagiri School of Natural Sciences, Adichunchanagiri University, Mandya 571448, India
| | - Y R Girish
- ACU-Centre for Research and Innovation, Adichunchanagiri School of Natural Sciences, Adichunchanagiri University, Mandya 571448, India
| | - S M Anush
- ACU-Centre for Research and Innovation, Adichunchanagiri School of Natural Sciences, Adichunchanagiri University, Mandya 571448, India.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kamatchi PAC, Maheswaran R, Sivanandhan S, Ignacimuthu S, Balakrishna K, Reegan AD, Arivoli S. Bioefficacy of ursolic acid and its derivatives isolated from Catharanthus roseus (L) G. Don leaf against Aedes aegypti, Culex quinquefasciatus, and Anopheles stephensi larvae. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:69321-69329. [PMID: 37133656 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27253-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to identify the active principle from Catharanthus roseus leaf using larvicidal bioassay against three mosquito species viz. Aedes aegypti, Culex quinquefasciatus, and Anopheles stephensi. Preliminary studies of the three successive extracts such as hexane, chloroform, and methanol against Ae. aegypti larvae showed that the chloroform extract was more active with LC50 and LC90 values of 40.09 ppm and 189.15 ppm respectively. Bioassay guided fractionation of the active chloroform extract resulted in the isolation of a triterpenoid (ursolic acid) as the active constituent. Three derivatives acetate, formate, and benzoate were prepared using this, and they were tested for their larvicidal activity against three mosquito species. The acetyl derivative was highly active against all the three species compared to the parent compound ursolic acid; the activities of benzoate and formate were higher than ursolic acid when tested against Cx. quinquefasciatus. This is the first report related to ursolic acid from C. roseus with mosquito larvicidal activity. The pure compound could be considered for medicinal and other pharmacological applications in future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rajan Maheswaran
- Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Periyar University, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Subramaniyan Sivanandhan
- Xavier Research Foundation, St. Xavier's College, Palayamkottai, Thirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Savarimuthu Ignacimuthu
- Xavier Research Foundation, St. Xavier's College, Palayamkottai, Thirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kedike Balakrishna
- Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Subramanian Arivoli
- Department of Zoology, Thiruvalluvar University, Tamil Nadu, Serkadu, Vellore, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Stalin A, Daniel Reegan A, Rajiv Gandhi M, Saravanan RR, Balakrishna K, Hesham AEL, Ignacimuthu S, Zhang Y. Mosquitocidal efficacy of embelin and its derivatives against Aedes aegypti L. and Culex quinquefasciatus Say. (Diptera: Culicidae) and computational analysis of acetylcholinesterase 1 (AChE1) inhibition. Comput Biol Med 2022; 146:105535. [PMID: 35487124 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.105535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Embelin was isolated from the chloroform extract of Embelia ribes (Burm.f.) fruits; its derivative compounds 6-bromoembelin and vilangin were prepared, and they were evaluated for mosquitocidal activities against the third instar larvae and pupae of Aedes aegypti L. and Culex quinquefasciatus Say. (Diptera: Culicidae). The concentrations used were 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 ppm. Embelin recorded LC50 values of 5.79 and 5.54 ppm against the larvae of Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus, respectively. Similarly, the LC50 values of embelin were 10.23 and 6.93 ppm against the pupae of Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus, respectively. Of the two derivatives tested, vilangin showed the highest larvicidal activity with LC50 values of 1.38 and 1.28 ppm against the larvae of Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus, respectively. Similarly, the LC50 values of vilangin were 1.60 and 1.43 ppm against the pupae of Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus, respectively. The LC50 values of 6-bromoembelin were 3.30 and 2.83 ppm against the larvae and 4.40 and 4.30 ppm against the pupae of Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus, respectively. The histopathological results displayed significant damage on cuboidal cells of the midgut (CU) in vilangin treated larvae of Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus at a concentration of 2.0 ppm. Similarly, peritrophic membrane (PM) was completely impaired in vilangin-treated larvae of Cx. quinquefasciatus and midgut content (MC) was very low in vilangin-treated larvae of Cx. quinquefasciatus. In addition, molecular docking and molecular dynamics studies demonstrated the efficacy of vilangin on the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE1) in Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus. The present results suggest that vilangin could be used to develop a natural active product against mosquito larvae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antony Stalin
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610 054, China.
| | - Appadurai Daniel Reegan
- National Centre for Disease Control, Bengaluru Branch, No:8, NTI Campus, Bellary Road, Bengaluru, 560 003, Karnataka, India; Xavier Research Foundation, St. Xavier's College, Affiliated to the Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Palayamkottai, 627 002, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Munusamy Rajiv Gandhi
- National Biodiversity Authority, 5th Floor, CSIR Road, TICEL Bio Park, Taramani, Chennai, 600 113, India
| | - R R Saravanan
- Department of Physics, Meenakshi Chandrasekaran College of Arts and Science, Karambayam, Pattukkottai, Thanjavur, 614 626, India
| | - Kedike Balakrishna
- Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Affiliated to the University of Madras, Chennai, 600 034, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Abd El-Latif Hesham
- Genetics Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt
| | - Savarimuthu Ignacimuthu
- Xavier Research Foundation, St. Xavier's College, Affiliated to the Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Palayamkottai, 627 002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hospital (T.C.M) Affiliated To Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Louis MRLM, Rani VP, Krishnan P, Reegan AD, Balakrishna K, Ignacimuthu S, Packiam SM, Maheswaran R, Shirota O. Mosquito Larvicidal Activity of Compounds from Unripe Fruit Peel of Avocado (Persea americana Mill.). Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 195:2636-2647. [PMID: 35201599 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-03831-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Mosquitoes are important vectors responsible for spreading a number of diseases affecting both humans and animals. Many diseases as dengue, chikungunya, yellow fever, malaria, filariasis and Japanese encephalitis are spread by mosquitoes. There are many reports of plant extracts and their active constituents showing anti-mosquito activities as larvicidal, pupicidal, ovicidal and adulticidal activities. Persea americana Mill. (Lauraceae), known as avocado, has been reported to show many pharmacological and antimicrobial activities. In this communication, the mosquito larvicidal activities of the three-active constituents, avocadene, avocadyne and avocadenol-A, from the methanolic extract of the unripe fruit peel are presented. The three mosquito species studied were Aedes aegypti, Culex quinquefasciatus and Anopheles stephensi. All three compounds showed the highest larvicidal activity against An. stephensi, LC50 values being 2.80ppm for avocadene, 2.33ppm for avocadyne and 2.07ppm for avocadenol-A. Avocadene showed larvicidal activity of 3.73ppm against Ae. aegypti and 5.96ppm against Cx. quinquefasciatus. The LC50 value of avocadyne was 5.35ppm against Ae. aegypti and 3.98ppm against Cx. quinquefasciatus. Similarly, avocadenol-A showed 6.56ppm against Ae. aegypti and 2.35ppm against Cx. quinquefasciatus. The active constituents were isolated by bioactivity-guided fractionation by silica gel column chromatography and RP HPLC. The compounds were identified by physical and spectroscopic data and compared with literature values already reported.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M R Lima Mirabel Louis
- PG & Research Department of Advanced Zoology & Biotechnology, Loyola Institute of Frontier Energy (LIFE), Loyola College, Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 034, India
| | - Vedham Pushpa Rani
- PG & Research Department of Advanced Zoology & Biotechnology, Loyola Institute of Frontier Energy (LIFE), Loyola College, Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 034, India.
| | - Padma Krishnan
- Department of Microbiology, Dr. ALM PG IBMS, University of Madras, Taramani, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 113, India
| | - Appadurai Daniel Reegan
- National Centre for Disease Control, Bengaluru Branch, No:08, NTI Campus, Bellary Road, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560 003, India
| | - Kedike Balakrishna
- Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 034, India
| | - Savarimuthu Ignacimuthu
- Xavier Research Foundation, St. Xavier's College, Affiliated to Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Palayamkottai, Tamil Nadu, 627 002, India.
| | - Soosaimanickam Maria Packiam
- Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 034, India
| | - Rajan Maheswaran
- Department of Zoology, Periyar University, Periyar Palkalai Nagar, Salem, Tamil Nadu, 636 011, India
| | - Osamu Shirota
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Kagawa School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, 1314-1 Shido, Sanuki City, Kagawa, 769-2193, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Reegan AD, Kumar PS, Asharaja AC, Devi C, Jameela S, Balakrishna K, Ignacimuthu S. Larvicidal and ovicidal activities of phenyl acetic acid isolated from Streptomyces collinus against Culex quinquefasciatus Say and Aedes aegypti L. (Diptera: Culicidae). Exp Parasitol 2021; 226-227:108120. [PMID: 34089701 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2021.108120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The bio-efficacy of crude ethyl acetate extract, fractions and a compound phenyl acetic acid from the ethyl acetate extract of Streptomyces collinus was evaluated on Culex quinquefasciatus Say and Aedes aegypti L. mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae). The larvae were exposed to concentrations of 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0 ppm for fractions and 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 ppm for compound. After 24 h, the larval mortality was assessed and the LC₅₀ and LC90 values were calculated. Similarly, per cent ovicidal activity was calculated for eggs after 120 h post treatment for phenyl acetic acid. Among the eleven fractions screened, fraction 7 from the ethyl acetate extract of Streptomyces collinus exhibited good larvicidal activity against both mosquito species. The LC50 and LC90 values of fraction 7 were 4.42, 6.23 ppm against Cx. quinquefasciatus larvae and 5.13, 14.51 ppm against Ae. aegypti larvae, respectively. Further, the isolated compound, phenyl acetic acid from fraction 7 recorded 100% larvicidal activity at 2 ppm concentration with LC50 and LC90 values of 2.07, 4.87 ppm on Cx. quinquefasciatus larvae and 3.81, 9.87 ppm on Ae. aegypti larvae, respectively. Phenyl acetic acid presented 50.3% and 42.0% ovicidal activity against Cx. quinquefasciatus and Ae. aegypti eggs at 2 ppm concentration after 120 h post treatment. The compound, phenyl acetic acid could be used in mosquito control programme.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Appadurai Daniel Reegan
- National Centre for Disease Control, NTI Campus, Bellary Road, Bangalore, 560 003, Karnataka, India.
| | - Pachaiyappan Saravana Kumar
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510 301, Guangdong, China.
| | - Antony Cruz Asharaja
- P.G. and Research Department of Zoology, Pasumpon Muthuramalinga Thevar College, Melaneelithanallur, Tenkasi, 627 953, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Chitra Devi
- Department of Zoology, Sadakathullah Appa College (Autonomous), Rahmath Nagar, Tirunelveli, 627 011, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sithi Jameela
- Department of Zoology, Sadakathullah Appa College (Autonomous), Rahmath Nagar, Tirunelveli, 627 011, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kedike Balakrishna
- Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai, 600 034, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Manjula V, Prasad TV, Balakrishna K, Raju KCJ, Vishwam T. Influence of hydrogen bond networks in Glycerol / N-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone mixtures studied by dielectric relaxation spectroscopy. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
11
|
Sivanandhan S, Pathalam G, Antony S, Michael GP, Balakrishna K, Boovaragamurthy A, Shirota O, Alwahibi MS, El-Shikh MS, Ignacimuthu S. Effect of monoterpene ester from Blumea axillaris (Lam.) DC and its acetyl derivative against plant pathogenic fungi and their in silico molecular docking. Nat Prod Res 2020; 35:5744-5751. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1833197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ganesan Pathalam
- Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College (University of Madras), Chennai, India
| | - Stalin Antony
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | | | - Kedike Balakrishna
- Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College (University of Madras), Chennai, India
| | | | - Osamu Shirota
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Kagawa School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Japan
| | - Mona S Alwahibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Soliman El-Shikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Savarimuthu Ignacimuthu
- Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College (University of Madras), Chennai, India
- Xavier Research Foundation, St Xavier’s College, Palayamkottai, India
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Manjula V, Prasad TV, Balakrishna K, Raju KJ, Vishwam T. Investigation of temperature dependent dielectric relaxation studies of 1,4-Butanediol/DMSO binary mixtures at the microwave frequency. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.112190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
13
|
Esakkimuthu S, Nagulkumar S, Darvin SS, Buvanesvaragurunathan K, Sathya TN, Navaneethakrishnan KR, Kumaravel TS, Murugan SS, Shirota O, Balakrishna K, Pandikumar P, Ignacimuthu S. Antihyperlipidemic effect of iridoid glycoside deacetylasperulosidic acid isolated from the seeds of Spermacoce hispida L. - A traditional antiobesity herb. J Ethnopharmacol 2019; 245:112170. [PMID: 31434002 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOBOTANICAL RELEVANCE The interest on herbal health supplements for obesity is increasing globally. Our previous ethnobotanical survey in Tiruvallur district, Tamil Nadu, India indicated the use of Spermacoce hispida L. seeds for the treatment of obesity. AIM OF THE STUDY This study was aimed to validate the traditional claim and to identify the antihyperlipidemic principle in the seeds of Spermacoce hispida using bioassay guided fractionation method. METHODS Bioassay monitored fractionation of the aqueous extract from Spermacoce hispida seeds was carried out using triton WR 1339 induced hyperlipidemic animals. It yielded deacetylasperulosidic acid (DAA) as the active ingredient. Pharmacokinetic properties of DAA were predicted using DataWarrior and SwissADME tools. In vitro antiobesity and antihyperlipidemic effects of DAA were evaluated in 3T3L1 preadipocytes and HepG2 cells, respectively. The chronic antihyperlipidemic efficacy of DAA was evaluated in high fat diet fed rats. RESULTS DAA did not show any mutagenic and tumorigenic properties. It bound with PPARα with comparable ligand efficiency as fenofibrate. The treatment with DAA significantly lowered the proliferation of matured adipocytes, but not preadipocytes. The treatment of steatotic HepG2 cells with DAA significantly decreased the LDH leakage by 43.03% (P < 0.05) at 50 μM concentration. In triton WR 1339 induced hyperlipidemic animals, the treatment with 50 mg/kg dose significantly lowered the TC, TG and LDL-c levels by 40.27, 46.00 and 63.65% respectively. In HFD fed animals, the treatment at 10 mg/kg decreased BMI and AC/TC ratio without altering SRBG. It also improved serum lipid, transaminases and phosphatases levels of HFD fed animals. The treatment lowered adipocyte hypertrophy and steatosis of hepatocytes. CONCLUSION This preliminary report supported the traditional use of Spermacoce hispida for the treatment of obesity. Further detailed investigations on the long term safety, efficacy and molecular mode of action of Spermacoce hispida and DAA will throw more light on their usefulness for the management of obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Esakkimuthu
- Division of Ethnopharmacology, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College (University of Madras), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600034, India
| | - S Nagulkumar
- Division of Ethnopharmacology, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College (University of Madras), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600034, India
| | - S Sylvester Darvin
- Division of Ethnopharmacology, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College (University of Madras), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600034, India
| | - K Buvanesvaragurunathan
- Division of Ethnopharmacology, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College (University of Madras), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600034, India
| | - T N Sathya
- GLR Laboratories Private Limited, Mathur, Chennai, 600068, India
| | | | - T S Kumaravel
- GLR Laboratories Private Limited, Mathur, Chennai, 600068, India
| | - S S Murugan
- GLR Laboratories Private Limited, Mathur, Chennai, 600068, India
| | - Osamu Shirota
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Kagawa School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Kagawa, 769-2193, Japan.
| | - K Balakrishna
- Division of Ethnopharmacology, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College (University of Madras), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600034, India.
| | - P Pandikumar
- Division of Ethnopharmacology, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College (University of Madras), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600034, India.
| | - S Ignacimuthu
- Division of Ethnopharmacology, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College (University of Madras), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600034, India; St. Xavier Research Foundation, St. Xavier's College, High Ground Road, Palayamkottai, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, 627002, India.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Manjula V, Prasad TV, Balakrishna K, Murthy VRK, Vishwam T. Relaxation dynamics of l-alanine in water medium investigated by dielectric relaxation spectroscopy. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2019; 222:117274. [PMID: 31229918 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.117274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The complex dielectric permittivity of L-alanine in aqueous medium at different concentrations and different temperatures were measured in the microwave (0.02 < ν/GHz < 20) frequency region by using open-ended coaxial probe technique. From the reflection coefficient and impedance data, the real and imaginary part of the dielectric permittivity values is determined. It is observed that there is a decrease in the real part of the dielectric permittivity up to certain frequency and an increase in the imaginary part of the dielectric permittivity with increase in the molar concentration of L-alanine in water medium. Based on the experimental data the average relaxation time values are calculated and its behavior is analyzed in terms of bound water and free water molecules. The theoretical dipole moment of L-alanine is calculated at gaseous state as well as in aqueous medium by using PCM and IEFPCM model at HF, DFT/B3LYP and MP2 calculations using 6-311G* basis set. Analysis between experimentally determined parameters and computed dipole moments were discussed. The mean molecular polarizability is calculated from the Lippincott δ function potential model and compared with the Le Fèvre method of polarizability values.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Manjula
- Department of Physics, GITAM (Deemed to be University)-Hyderabad, Rudraram, Patancheru (M), TS 502329, India; Department of Physics, Geethanjali College of Engineering and Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana 501301, India
| | - T Vamshi Prasad
- Department of Physics, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University-Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500085, India
| | - K Balakrishna
- Department of Physics, GITAM (Deemed to be University)-Hyderabad, Rudraram, Patancheru (M), TS 502329, India
| | - V R K Murthy
- Microwave Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - T Vishwam
- Department of Physics, GITAM (Deemed to be University)-Hyderabad, Rudraram, Patancheru (M), TS 502329, India.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Toppo E, Sylvester Darvin S, Esakkimuthu S, Buvanesvaragurunathan K, Ajeesh Krishna T, Antony Caesar S, Stalin A, Balakrishna K, Pandikumar P, Ignacimuthu S, Al-Dhabi N. Curative effect of arjunolic acid from Terminalia arjuna in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease models. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 107:979-988. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
|
16
|
Ganesan P, Stalin A, Gabriel Paulraj M, Balakrishna K, Ignacimuthu S, Abdullah Al-Dhabi N. Biocontrol and non-target effect of fractions and compound isolated from Streptomyces rimosus on the immature stages of filarial vector Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae) and the compound interaction with Acetylcholinesterase (AChE1). Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2018; 161:120-128. [PMID: 29879572 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.05.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The present study was aimed to check the mosquitocidal activity of intracellular methanol extract fractions and the compound di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate isolated from Streptomyces rimosus. The isolated compound was also analyzed for its interaction with Acetylcholinesterase (AChE1). The larvae and eggs of Culex quinquefasciatus were exposed to four different concentrations such as 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10 ppm for fractions and 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 ppm for compound. After 24 and 120 h post treatment, the larval mortality and ovicidal activity were recorded. Fractions collected from the intracellular methanol extract were tested for larvicidal activity; among them Fraction 4 was found to be the active fraction. Fraction 4 showed 74% larvicidal activity with LC50 and LC90 values of 6.9 and 17.2 ppm, respectively, in 24 h against the larvae of Cx. quinquefasciatus. Fraction 4 showed 95% ovicidal activity at 10 ppm concentration after 120 h post treatment. The eluted compound di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate was highly toxic and exhibited promising activity against the eggs of Cx. quinquefasciatus. The compound presented 94% ovicidal activity at 2.0 ppm concentration after 120 h post treatment. The larvae of Cx. quinquefasciatus were exposed to di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate which showed good activity in a concentration-dependent manner. The compound showed 76% larvicidal activity against the larvae of Cx. quinquefasciatus with LC50 and LC90 values of 1.22 and 3.28 ppm, respectively, at 2 ppm concentration in 24 h. Fraction 4 and the compound were subjected to toxicity study against non-target organism and were found to be nontoxic. The present studies revealed that the treated larvae showed serious damage in the midgut cells. Growth disruption and larval deformities were observed in compound-treated larvae. The compound was highly active and inhibited AChE in a concentration-dependent manner. Computational analysis of the compound had strong interaction with AChE1 of Cx. quinquefasciatus. These results clearly showed that Fraction 4 and the compound isolated from S. rimosus can be used to control the life stages of Cx. quinquefasciatus; it will be a good alternative to synthetic insecticides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pathalam Ganesan
- Division of Vector Control, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai 600034, India
| | - Antony Stalin
- Division of Bioinformatics, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai 600034, India; Centre for Advanced Studies in Botany, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600025, India
| | - Micheal Gabriel Paulraj
- Division of Vector Control, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai 600034, India
| | - Kedike Balakrishna
- Division of Vector Control, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai 600034, India
| | - Savarimuthu Ignacimuthu
- Division of Vector Control, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai 600034, India; International Scientific Partnership Program, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Naif Abdullah Al-Dhabi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Addiriyah Chair for Environmental Studies College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. BOX 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Raja TRW, Ganesan P, Gandhi MR, Duraipandiyan V, Paulraj MG, Balakrishna K, Al-Dhabi NA, Ignacimuthu S. Effect of compound Musizin isolated from Rhamnus wightii Wight and Arn on the immature stages of filarial vector mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae) and its non-target studies. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2018.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
18
|
Darvin SS, Esakkimuthu S, Toppo E, Balakrishna K, Paulraj MG, Pandikumar P, Ignacimuthu S, Al-Dhabi NA. Hepatoprotective effect of lawsone on rifampicin-isoniazid induced hepatotoxicity in in vitro and in vivo models. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2018; 61:87-94. [PMID: 29859372 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2018.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The Drug-induced liver injury is one of the common unfavourable impacts, which seriously affects any drug therapy. This study documented the hepatoprotective efficacy of lawsone, the major bioactive naphthoquinone present in Lawsonia inermis L. (Lythraceae) using in vitro and in vivo models. Lawsone was isolated from the leaves of L. inermis and its structure was confirmed using spectroscopic data. In-vitro antioxidant effect of lawsone was evaluated using ABTS assay. Hepatoprotective effect of lawsone was determined with RIF-INH treated HepG2 cells and Wistar rats. Administration of RIF-INH reduced the viability of the HepG2 cells and the treatment with lawsone significantly restored the viability of the cells even at lower concentration (7.5 μM). The other parameters such as the leakage of transaminases and MDA levels were also significantly reduced by the treatment with lawsone. Oral administration of lawsone to the animals did not show any toxicity up to 2 g/kg b.w. concentration. Treatment with lawsone to the RIF-INH administered animals significantly lowered the serum transaminases levels. The ratio of albumin to globulin was improved and the level of bilirubin was lowered. This study indicated the hepatoprotective effect of lawsone; detailed investigations will give deeper understanding of the application of lawsone for hepatoprotection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Sylvester Darvin
- Division of Ethnopharmacology, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600034, India.
| | - S Esakkimuthu
- Division of Ethnopharmacology, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600034, India.
| | - Erenius Toppo
- Division of Ethnopharmacology, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600034, India.
| | - K Balakrishna
- Division of Ethnopharmacology, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600034, India.
| | - M Gabriel Paulraj
- Division of Ethnopharmacology, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600034, India.
| | - P Pandikumar
- Division of Ethnopharmacology, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600034, India.
| | - S Ignacimuthu
- Division of Ethnopharmacology, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600034, India; International Scientific Partnership Programme, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - N A Al-Dhabi
- Addiriyah Chair for Environmental Studies, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Balakrishna K, Lakshmi DV, Mustafa S, Reddy KS, Ghorpade TK. Synthesis, UV/Vis and Fluorescence studies of Naphthoquinone Pyridyl Tetrazole-based Chemical Probe. Indian J Pharm Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.4172/pharmaceutical-sciences.1000420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
|
20
|
Toppo E, Darvin SS, Esakkimuthu S, Nayak MK, Balakrishna K, Sivasankaran K, Pandikumar P, Ignacimuthu S, Al-Dhabi N. Effect of two andrographolide derivatives on cellular and rodent models of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 95:402-411. [PMID: 28863380 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.08.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
|
21
|
Toppo E, Darvin SS, Esakkimuthu S, Stalin A, Balakrishna K, Sivasankaran K, Pandikumar P, Ignacimuthu S, Al-Dhabi N. Antihyperlipidemic and hepatoprotective effects of Gardenin A in cellular and high fat diet fed rodent models. Chem Biol Interact 2017; 269:9-17. [PMID: 28351695 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2017.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
22
|
Sathish Kumar P, Viswanathan MBG, Venkatesan M, Balakrishna K. Bauerenol, a triterpenoid from Indian Suregada angustifolia: Induces reactive oxygen species–mediated P38MAPK activation and apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317698387. [DOI: 10.1177/1010428317698387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The triterpenoid, bauerenol, from Suregada angustifolia (Baill. ex Muell.-Arg.) Airy Shaw (Euphorbiaceae) was screened for anti-cancer property using hepatocellular carcinoma cell line, HepG2. Bauerenol exhibited growth inhibitory and apoptosis inducing potential against HepG2 cancer cells. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide cytotoxic assay revealed that bauerenol treatment significantly reduced the growth of HepG2 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner with 50% growth inhibitory concentration doses of 45 and 25 µg/mL at 24 and 48 h treatments, respectively. Bauerenol-induced cell death reflected apoptotic morphological features, that is, cell membrane blebbing, vacuolization, chromatin condensation, and nuclear fragmentation. In addition, bauerenol treatment diminished the mitochondrial membrane potential, by inducing the efflux of cytochrome c, downregulating the levels of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 as well as upregulating the levels of pro-apoptotic Bax, and inducing caspase activation and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage. Moreover, bauerenol treatment activates p38MAPK and inactivates the anti-apoptotic kinases Akt and ERK1/2 through the induction of reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, bauerenol-mediated S-phase arrest was associated with downregulation of cell cycle-rate-limiting factor (cyclin D1) and upregulation of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 and tumor suppressor p53. Interestingly, pre-treatment of cells with reactive oxygen species inhibitor and p38 inhibitor significantly decreases bauerenol-induced cytotoxicity, Bax upregulation, and p38 activation. This study clearly states that bauerenol induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis through the reactive oxygen species–dependent p38MAPK activation in HepG2 cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Perumal Sathish Kumar
- Centre for Research and Development of Siddha-Ayurveda Medicines (CRDSAM), Department of Plant Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, India
| | - Madepalli Byrappa Gowdu Viswanathan
- Centre for Research and Development of Siddha-Ayurveda Medicines (CRDSAM), Department of Plant Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Antony PJ, Gandhi GR, Stalin A, Balakrishna K, Toppo E, Sivasankaran K, Ignacimuthu S, Al-Dhabi NA. Myoinositol ameliorates high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats through promoting insulin receptor signaling. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 88:1098-1113. [PMID: 28192884 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.01.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Revised: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
|
24
|
Mutheeswaran S, Kumar PS, Yuvaraj P, Duraipandiyan V, Abdullah Al-Dhabi N, Balakrishna K, Ignacimuthu S. Screening of some medicinal plants for anticariogenic activity: An investigation on bioactive constituents from Jatropha gossypifolia (L.) root. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2017.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
25
|
Saravana Kumar P, Stalin A, Lakshmi sundaram R, Duraipandiyan V, Al-Dhabi NA, Yuvaraj P, Balakrishna K, Ignacimuthu S. Isolation of chemical constituents from Nonomuraea species: In vitro and in silico evaluation of its antibacterial properties. Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjbas.2016.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
|
26
|
Gandhi MR, Reegan AD, Ganesan P, Sivasankaran K, Paulraj MG, Balakrishna K, Ignacimuthu S, Al-Dhabi NA. Larvicidal and Pupicidal Activities of Alizarin Isolated from Roots of Rubia cordifolia Against Culex quinquefasciatus Say and Aedes aegypti (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae). Neotrop Entomol 2016; 45:441-448. [PMID: 27004695 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-016-0386-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The mosquitocidal activities of different fractions and a compound alizarin from the methanol extract of Rubia cordifolia roots were evaluated on larvae and pupae of Culex quinquefasciatus Say and Aedes aegypti (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae). Larvae and pupae were exposed to concentrations of 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10 ppm for fractions and 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 ppm for compound. After 24 h, the mortality was assessed and the LC50 and LC90 values were estimated for larvae and pupae. Among the 23 fractions screened, fraction 2 from the methanol extract of R. cordifolia showed good mosquitocidal activity against C. quinquefasciatus and A. aegypti. LC50 and LC90 values of fraction 2 were 3.53 and 7.26 ppm for C. quinquefasciatus and 3.86 and 8.28 ppm for A. aegypti larvae, and 3.76 and 7.50 ppm for C. quinquefasciatus and 3.92 and 8.05 ppm for A. aegypti pupae, respectively. Further, the isolated compound alizarin presented good larvicidal and pupicidal activities. LC50 and LC90 values of alizarin for larvae were 0.81 and 3.86 ppm against C. quinquefasciatus and 1.31 and 6.04 ppm for A. aegypti larvae, respectively. Similarly, the LC50 and LC90 values of alizarin for pupae were 1.97 and 4.79 ppm for C. quinquefasciatus and 2.05 and 5.59 ppm for A. aegypti pupae, respectively. The structure of the isolated compound was identified on the basis of spectroscopic analysis and compared with reported spectral data. The results indicated that alizarin could be used as a potential larvicide and pupicide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M R Gandhi
- Division of Vector Control, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Nungambakkam, Chennai, 600 034, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A D Reegan
- Division of Vector Control, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Nungambakkam, Chennai, 600 034, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P Ganesan
- Division of Vector Control, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Nungambakkam, Chennai, 600 034, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K Sivasankaran
- Division of Vector Control, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Nungambakkam, Chennai, 600 034, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M G Paulraj
- Division of Vector Control, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Nungambakkam, Chennai, 600 034, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K Balakrishna
- Division of Vector Control, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Nungambakkam, Chennai, 600 034, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Ignacimuthu
- Division of Vector Control, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Nungambakkam, Chennai, 600 034, Tamil Nadu, India.
- Visiting Professor Programme, Deanship of Research, King Saud Univ, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - N A Al-Dhabi
- Dept of Botany and Microbiology, Addiriyah chair for Environmental Studies, College of Science, King Saud Univ, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Reegan AD, Gandhi MR, Sivaraman G, Cecilia KF, Ravindhran R, Balakrishna K, Paulraj MG, Ignacimuthu S. Bioefficacy of ecbolin A and ecbolin B isolated from Ecbolium viride (Forsk.) Alston on dengue vector Aedes aegypti L. (Diptera: Culicidae). Parasite Epidemiol Control 2016; 1:78-84. [PMID: 29988190 PMCID: PMC5991860 DOI: 10.1016/j.parepi.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Revised: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Ecbolin A and ecbolin B were isolated from ethyl acetate extract of Ecbolium viride (Forsk.) Alston root and evaluated for larvicidal and growth disturbance activities against Aedes aegypti L. (Diptera: Culicidae). For larvicidal activity, the third instar larvae of A. aegypti were exposed to different concentrations viz., 1.0, 2.5, 5.0 and 10 ppm for each compound. Among the two compounds screened, ecbolin B recorded highest larvicidal activity with LC50 and LC90 values of 0.70 and 1.42 ppm, respectively. In control, the larval behaviour was normal. The active compound ecbolin B was tested for growth disruption activity at sub lethal concentrations viz., 0.5, 1.0 ppm and observed for malformation like larval gut elongation, larval longevity, intermediates, malformed adults, failed adult emergence and compared with methoprene. The results showed significant level of larva-pupa intermediates, pupa-adult intermediates, malformed adult emergence and less adult formation against A. aegypti. The histopathological results revealed a severe damage on the midgut epithelial columnar cells (CC) and cuboidal cells (CU) in ecbolin B treated larvae of A. aegypti. Similarly peritrophic membrane (pM) was also observed to be damaged in the treated larvae. The present results suggest that, ecbolin B could be used as a larvicidal agent against dengue vector A. aegypti.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Appadurai Daniel Reegan
- Division of vector control, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai 600 034, Tamil Nadu, India
- National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme, ROH&FW, Govt. of India, Besant Nagar, Chennai 600 090, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Munusamy Rajiv Gandhi
- Division of vector control, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai 600 034, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Govindan Sivaraman
- Division of vector control, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai 600 034, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Ramalingam Ravindhran
- Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Loyola College, Chennai 600 034, India
| | - Kedike Balakrishna
- Division of vector control, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai 600 034, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Michael Gabriel Paulraj
- Division of vector control, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai 600 034, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Savarimuthu Ignacimuthu
- Division of vector control, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai 600 034, Tamil Nadu, India
- Visiting Professor Programme, Deanship of Research, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Gune M, Harshavardhana BG, Balakrishna K, Udayashankar HN, Shankar R, Manjunatha BR. Rock magnetic finger-printing of soil from a coal-fired thermal power plant. Environ Monit Assess 2016; 188:272. [PMID: 27056477 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-016-5279-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We present seasonal rock magnetic data for 48 surficial soil samples collected seasonally around a coal-fired thermal power plant on the southwest coast of India to demonstrate how fly ash from the power plant is transported both spatially and seasonally. Sampling was carried out during pre-monsoon (March), early-monsoon (June), monsoon (September) and post-monsoon (December) seasons. Low- and high-frequency magnetic susceptibility (χlf and χhf), frequency-dependent magnetic susceptibility (χfd), χfd %, isothermal remanent magnetization (IRM), "hard" IRM (HIRM), saturation IRM (SIRM) and inter-parametric ratios were determined for the samples. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used on limited number of samples. NOAA HYSPLIT MODEL backward trajectory analysis and principal component analysis were carried out on the data. Fly ash samples exhibit an average HIRM value (400.07 × 10(-5) Am(2) kg(-1)) that is comparable to that of soil samples. The pre- and post-monsoon samples show a consistent reduction in the concentration of magnetically "hard" minerals with increasing distance from the power plant. These data suggest that fly ash has indeed been transported from the power plant to the sampling locations. Hence, HIRM may perhaps be used as a proxy for tracking fly ash from coal-fired thermal power plants. Seasonal data show that the distribution of fly ash to the surrounding areas is minimum during monsoons. They also point to the dominance of SP magnetite in early-monsoon season, whereas magnetic depletion is documented in the monsoon season. This seasonal difference is attributable to both pedogenesis and anthropogenic activity i.e. operation of the thermal power plant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minal Gune
- Department of Civil Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal University, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - B G Harshavardhana
- Department of Civil Engineering, Manipal University, Jaipur, 303007, India
| | - K Balakrishna
- Department of Civil Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal University, Manipal, 576104, India.
| | - H N Udayashankar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal University, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - R Shankar
- Department of Marine Geology, Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri, 574199, India
| | - B R Manjunatha
- Department of Marine Geology, Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri, 574199, India
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Stalin A, Irudayaraj SS, Gandhi GR, Balakrishna K, Ignacimuthu S, Al-Dhabi NA. Hypoglycemic activity of 6-bromoembelin and vilangin in high-fat diet fed-streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic rats and molecular docking studies. Life Sci 2016; 153:100-17. [PMID: 27091376 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Revised: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This paper investigates the hypoglycemic activity of two derivatives of embelin (1) viz. 6-bromoembelin (2) and vilangin (3), in high-fat diet - STZ induced diabetic rats. MAIN METHODS The effects of 6-bromoembelin (2) and vilangin (3) on insulin resistance, β-cell dysfunction and glucose transport in high-fat diet (HFD) fed-streptozotocin (STZ) (40mg/kg) induced type 2 diabetic rats were evaluated. The binding modes of 6-bromoembelin (2) and vilangin (3) into PPARγ, PI3K, Akt, and GLUT4 were also studied using Autodock 4.2 and ADT 1.5.6 programs. KEY FINDINGS At the dose of 30mg/kg, the plasma glucose, plasma insulin and body weight were reduced by both embelin derivatives in diabetic rats. Additionally the altered lipid profiles and hexokinase, glucose-6-phosphatase and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase levels were brought to normal. Compared to diabetic control group, there was a significant increase in the expression of PPARγ in epididymal adipose tissue. Inhibition of adipogenic activity and mild activation of PPARγ levels in the skeletal muscle and liver were observed. In epididymal adipose tissue, the compounds increased the insulin-mediated glucose uptake through the activation and translocation of GLUT4 in PI3K/p-Akt signaling cascade. SIGNIFICANCE The derivatives of embelin such as 6-bromoembelin (2) and vilangin (3) may be useful in the prevention and treatment of obesity-linked type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antony Stalin
- Division of Bioinformatics, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai 600034, India
| | | | - Gopalsamy Rajiv Gandhi
- Division of Ethnopharmacology, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai 600034, India
| | - Kedike Balakrishna
- Division of Ethnopharmacology, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai 600034, India
| | - Savarimuthu Ignacimuthu
- Division of Bioinformatics, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai 600034, India; Division of Ethnopharmacology, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai 600034, India; Visiting professor program, Deanship of Scientific Research, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Naif Abdullah Al-Dhabi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Addiriyah Chair for Environmental Studies, College of Science, King Saud University, Post box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Tripti M, Lambs L, Gurumurthy GP, Moussa I, Balakrishna K, Chadaga MD. Water circulation and governing factors in humid tropical river basins in the central Western Ghats, Karnataka, India. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2016; 30:175-190. [PMID: 26661985 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Revised: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The small river basins in the narrow stretch of the Arabian Sea coast of southwest India experience high annual rainfall (800-8000 mm), with a higher proportion (85 %) during the summer monsoon period between June and September. This is due to a unique orographic barrier provided by the Western Ghats mountain belt (600-2600 m) for the summer monsoon brought by the southwesterly winds. This study is the first of a kind focusing on the water cycle with an intensive stable isotopes approach (samples of river water, groundwater, rainwater; seasonal and spatial sampling) in this part of the Western Ghats in Karnataka and also in the highest rainfall-receiving region (with places like Agumbe receiving 7000-8000 mm annual rainfall) in South India. In addition, the region lacks sustainable water budgeting due to high demographic pressure and a dry pre-monsoon season as the monsoon is mainly unimodal in this part of India, particularly close to the coast. METHODS The stable isotopic compositions of groundwater, river water and rainwater in two tropical river basins situated approximately 60 km apart, namely the Swarna near Udupi and the Nethravati near Mangalore, were studied from 2010 to 2013. The δ(18)O and δ(2)H values of the water samples were measured by isotope ratio mass spectrometry, and the d-excess values calculated to better understand the dominant source of the water and the influence of evaporation/recycling processes. RESULTS The water in the smaller area basin (Swarna basin) does not show seasonal variability in the δ(18)O values for groundwater and river water, having a similar mean value of -3.1 ‰. The d-excess value remains higher in both wet and dry seasons suggesting strong water vapor recycling along the foothills of the Western Ghats. In contrast, the larger tropical basin (Nethravati basin) displays specific seasonal isotopic variability. The observation of higher d-excess values in winter with lower δ(18)O values suggests an influence of northeast winter monsoon water in the larger basin. CONCLUSIONS The narrow coastal strip to the west of the Western Ghats displays unique water characteristics in both tropical river basins investigated. For the smaller and hilly Swarna basin, the dense vegetation (wet canopies) could largely re-evaporate the (intercepted) rain, leading to no marked seasonal or altitude effect on the water isotope values within the basin. The larger Nethravati basin, which stretches farther into the foothills of the Western Ghats, receives winter monsoon water, and thus exhibits a clear seasonal variability in rainfall moisture sources. The degree of water vapor recycling in these wet tropical basins dominates the isotopic composition in this narrow coastal stretch of South India. An insight into the soil water contribution to the river water and groundwater, even in the rainfall-dependent tropical basins of South India, is provided in this study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Tripti
- Department of Civil Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal University, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - L Lambs
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, INPT, Laboratoire d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle (ECOLAB), 118 route de Narbonne, F-31062, Toulouse, France
- CNRS, Laboratoire d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle (ECOLAB), 118 route de Narbonne, F-31062, Toulouse, France
| | - G P Gurumurthy
- Manipal Centre for Natural Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - I Moussa
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, INPT, Laboratoire d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle (ECOLAB), 118 route de Narbonne, F-31062, Toulouse, France
- CNRS, Laboratoire d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle (ECOLAB), 118 route de Narbonne, F-31062, Toulouse, France
| | - K Balakrishna
- Department of Civil Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal University, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - M D Chadaga
- Department of Civil Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal University, Manipal, 576104, India
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Balachandran C, Duraipandiyan V, Al-Dhabi NA, Stalin A, Balakrishna K, Ignacimuthu S, Tilton F. Isolation and characterization of Anthraquinone from Streptomyces sp. ERINLG-26 with anticancer activity Against adenocarcinoma cell line COLO320. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683815050038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
32
|
Venkataramana M, Rashmi R, Uppalapati SR, Chandranayaka S, Balakrishna K, Radhika M, Gupta VK, Batra HV. Development of sandwich dot-ELISA for specific detection of Ochratoxin A and its application on to contaminated cereal grains originating from India. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:511. [PMID: 26074899 PMCID: PMC4443250 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, generation and characterization of a highly specific monoclonal antibody (mAb) against Ochratoxin A (OTA) was undertaken. The generated mAb was further used to develop a simple, fast, and sensitive sandwich dot-ELISA (s-dot ELISA) method for detection of OTA from contaminated food grain samples. The limit of detection (LOD) of the developed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method was determined as 5.0 ng/mL of OTA. Developed method was more specific toward OTA and no cross reactivity was observed with the other tested mycotoxins such as deoxynivalenol, fumonisin B1, or aflatoxin B1. To assess the utility and reliability of the developed method, several field samples of maize, wheat and rice (n = 195) collected from different geographical regions of southern Karnataka region of India were evaluated for the OTA occurrence. Seventy two out of 195 samples (19 maize, 38 wheat, and 15 rice) were found to be contaminated by OTA by s-dot ELISA. The assay results were further co-evaluated with conventional analytical high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. Results of the s-dot ELISA are in concordance with HPLC except for three samples that were negative for OTA presence by s-dot ELISA but found positive by HPLC. Although positive by HPLC, the amount of OTA in the three samples was found to be lesser than the accepted levels (>5 μg/kg) of OTA presence in cereals. Therefore, in conclusion, the developed s-dot ELISA is a better alternative for routine cereal based food and feed analysis in diagnostic labs to check the presence of OTA over existing conventional culture based, tedious analytical methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M. Venkataramana
- Division of Toxicology and Immunology, DRDO-BU Center for Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, CoimbatoreIndia
| | - R. Rashmi
- Microbiology Division, Defence Food Research Laboratory, MysoreIndia
| | | | - S. Chandranayaka
- Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of MysoreMysore, India
| | - K. Balakrishna
- Microbiology Division, Defence Food Research Laboratory, MysoreIndia
| | - M. Radhika
- Microbiology Division, Defence Food Research Laboratory, MysoreIndia
| | - Vijai K. Gupta
- Discipline of Biochemistry, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland GalwayGalway, Ireland
| | - H. V. Batra
- Microbiology Division, Defence Food Research Laboratory, MysoreIndia
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Saravanan S, Hairul Islam VI, David HA, Lakshmi Sundaram R, Chellappandian M, Balakrishna K, Rajendran R, Vijayaraghavan P, Gabriel Paulraj M, Ignacimuthu S. Bioassay guided fractionation and identification of active anti-inflammatory constituent from Delonix elata flowers using RAW 264.7 cells. Pharm Biol 2015; 53:174-184. [PMID: 25289526 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2014.913067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Delonix elata (L.) Gamble (Fabaceae) has been used in the Indian traditional medicine system to treat rheumatism and inflammation. AIM To assess the anti-inflammatory effect of Delonix elata flowers and to isolate the active principle. MATERIALS AND METHODS The prompt anti-inflammatory constituent was isolated from Delonix elata flower extracts using bioassay guided fractionation in liposaccharide (LPS) stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cell line. The anti-inflammatory activity of extracts/fractions/sub-fractions/compounds (10, 25, and 50 µg/ml) was evaluated by estimating the levels of nitric oxide (NO), TNF-α, and IL-1β after 24 h of LPS induction (1 μg/ml). The isolated active compound was subjected to NMR, IR, and UV analyses for structure determination. RESULTS In an attempt to search for anti-inflammatory constituents, the active pure principle was isolated and crystallized as a white compound from Delonix elata flowers methanol extract. This active compound (50 µg/ml) decreased the release of inflammatory mediators levels such as NO (0.263 ± 0.03 µM), TNFα (160.20 ± 17.57 pg/ml), and IL-1β (285.79 ± 15.16 pg/ml) significantly (p < 0.05); when compared to the levels of NO (0.774 ± 0.08 µM), TNFα (501.71 ± 25.14 pg/ml), and IL-1β (712.68 ± 52.25 pg/ml) from LPS-stimulated macrophage cells. The active compound was confirmed as hesperidin with NMR, IR, and UV spectroscopy data. This is the first report of this compound from Delonix elata flowers. CONCLUSION The findings of the study support the traditional use of Delonix elata flowers to treat inflammation.
Collapse
|
34
|
Manjunatha B, Balakrishna K, Krishnakumar K, Manjunatha H, Avinash K, Mulemane A, Krishna K. Increasing Trend of Rainfall Over Agumbe, Western Ghats, India in the Scenario of Global Warming. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.2174/1874252101408010039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
35
|
Reegan AD, Gandhi MR, Paulraj MG, Balakrishna K, Ignacimuthu S. Erratum to “Effect of niloticin, a protolimonoid isolated from Limonia acidissima L. (Rutaceae) on the immature stages of dengue vector Aedes aegypti L. (Diptera: Culicidae)” [Acta Trop. 139 (2014) 67–76]. Acta Trop 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2014.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
36
|
Reegan AD, Gandhi MR, Paulraj MG, Balakrishna K, Ignacimuthu S. Effect of niloticin, a protolimonoid isolated from Limonia acidissima L. (Rutaceae) on the immature stages of dengue vector Aedes aegypti L. (Diptera: Culicidae). Acta Trop 2014; 139:67-76. [PMID: 25019220 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2014.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Revised: 06/23/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the mosquitocidal activity of fractions and a compound niloticin from the hexane extract of Limonia acidissima L. leaves on eggs, larvae and pupae of Aedes aegypti L. (Diptera: Culicidae). In these bioassays, the eggs, larvae and pupae were exposed to concentrations of 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0ppm for fractions and 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0ppm for compound. After 24h, the mortality was assessed and the LC50 and LC90 values were calculated for larvae and pupae. Per cent ovicidal activity was calculated for eggs after 120h post treatment. Among the sixteen fractions screened, fraction 8 from the hexane extract of L. acidissima generated good mosquitocidal activity against Ae. aegypti. The LC50 and LC90 values of fraction 8 were 4.11, 8.04ppm against Ae. aegypti larvae and 4.19, 8.10ppm against Ae. aegypti pupae, respectively. Further, the isolated compound, niloticin recorded strong larvicidal and pupicidal activities. The 2ppm concentration of niloticin showed 100% larvicidal and pupicidal activities in 24h. The LC50 and LC90 values of niloticin on Ae. aegypti larvae were 0.44, 1.17ppm and on pupae were 0.62, 1.45ppm, respectively. Niloticin presented 83.2% ovicidal activity at 2ppm concentration after 120h post treatment and niloticin exhibited significant growth disruption and morphological deformities at sub lethal concentrations against Ae. aegypti. The structure of the isolated compound was identified on the basis of single XRD and spectral data ((1)H NMR and (13)C NMR) and compared with literature spectral data. The results indicate that niloticin could be used as a potential natural mosquitocide.
Collapse
|
37
|
Balachandran C, Sangeetha B, Duraipandiyan V, Raj MK, Ignacimuthu S, Al-Dhabi NA, Balakrishna K, Parthasarathy K, Arulmozhi NM, Arasu MV. A flavonoid isolated from Streptomyces sp. (ERINLG-4) induces apoptosis in human lung cancer A549 cells through p53 and cytochrome c release caspase dependant pathway. Chem Biol Interact 2014; 224:24-35. [PMID: 25289772 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2014.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2014] [Revised: 08/31/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the anticancer activity of a flavonoid type of compound isolated from soil derived filamentous bacterium Streptomyces sp. (ERINLG-4) and to explore the molecular mechanisms of action. Cytotoxic properties of ethyl acetate extract was carried out against A549 lung cancer cell line using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Cytotoxic properties of isolated compound were investigated in A549 lung cancer cell line, COLO320DM cancer cell line and Vero cells. The compound showed potent cytotoxic properties against A549 lung cancer cell line and moderate cytotoxic properties against COLO320DM cancer cell line. Isolated compound showed no toxicity up to 2000 μg/mL in Vero cells. So we have chosen the A549 lung cancer cell line for further anticancer studies. Intracellular visualization was done by using a laser scanning confocal microscope. Apoptosis was measured using DNA fragmentation technique. Treatment of the A549 cancer cells with isolated compound significantly reduced cell proliferation, increased formation of fragmented DNA and apoptotic body. Activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3 indicated that compound may be inducing intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis pathways. Bcl-2, p53, pro-caspases, caspase-3, caspase-9 and cytochrome c release were detected by western blotting analysis after compound treatment (123 and 164 μM). The activities of pro-caspases-3, caspase-9 cleaved to caspase-3 and caspase-9 gradually increased after the addition of isolated compound. But Bcl-2 protein was down regulated after treatment with isolated compound. Molecular docking studies showed that the compound bound stably to the active sites of caspase-3 and caspase-9. These results strongly suggest that the isolated compound induces apoptosis in A549 cancer cells via caspase activation through cytochrome c release from mitochondria. The present results might provide helpful suggestions for the design of antitumor drugs toward lung cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Balachandran
- Division of Microbiology and Cancer Biology, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai 600 034, India
| | - B Sangeetha
- Department of Toxicology, Advinus Therapeutics Ltd, Bangalore 560058, India
| | - V Duraipandiyan
- Division of Microbiology and Cancer Biology, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai 600 034, India; Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O.Box. 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - M Karunai Raj
- Research and Development Centre, Orchid Chemicals and Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Sozhanganallur, Chennai 600119, India
| | - S Ignacimuthu
- Division of Microbiology and Cancer Biology, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai 600 034, India
| | - N A Al-Dhabi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O.Box. 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - K Balakrishna
- Division of Microbiology and Cancer Biology, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai 600 034, India
| | - K Parthasarathy
- Research and Development Centre, Orchid Chemicals and Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Sozhanganallur, Chennai 600119, India
| | - N M Arulmozhi
- Department of Bioinformatics, Orchid Chemicals and Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Research and Development Centre, Shozanganallur, Chennai 600 119, India
| | - M Valan Arasu
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O.Box. 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Cecilia KF, Ravindhran R, Gandhi MR, Reegan AD, Balakrishna K, Ignacimuthu S. Larvicidal and pupicidal activities of ecbolin A and ecbolin B isolated from Ecbolium viride (Forssk.) Alston against Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae). Parasitol Res 2014; 113:3477-84. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-014-4018-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 07/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
39
|
Saravanan S, Pandikumar P, Babu NP, Islam VIH, Thirugnanasambantham K, Paulraj MG, Balakrishna K, Ignacimuthu S. In Vivo and In Vitro Immunomodulatory Potential of Swertiamarin Isolated from Enicostema axillare (Lam.) A. Raynal That Acts as an Anti-inflammatory Agent. Inflammation 2014; 37:1374-88. [DOI: 10.1007/s10753-014-9862-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
40
|
Gurumurthy GP, Balakrishna K, Tripti M, Audry S, Riotte J, Braun JJ, Udaya Shankar HN. Geochemical behaviour of dissolved trace elements in a monsoon-dominated tropical river basin, Southwestern India. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2014; 21:5098-5120. [PMID: 24374620 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-013-2462-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2013] [Accepted: 12/13/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The study presents a 3-year time series data on dissolved trace elements and rare earth elements (REEs) in a monsoon-dominated river basin, the Nethravati River in tropical Southwestern India. The river basin lies on the metamorphic transition boundary which separates the Peninsular Gneiss and Southern Granulitic province belonging to Archean and Tertiary-Quaternary period (Western Dharwar Craton). The basin lithology is mainly composed of granite gneiss, charnockite and metasediment. This study highlights the importance of time series data for better estimation of metal fluxes and to understand the geochemical behaviour of metals in a river basin. The dissolved trace elements show seasonality in the river water metal concentrations forming two distinct groups of metals. First group is composed of heavy metals and minor elements that show higher concentrations during dry season and lesser concentrations during the monsoon season. Second group is composed of metals belonging to lanthanides and actinides with higher concentration in the monsoon and lower concentrations during the dry season. Although the metal concentration of both the groups appears to be controlled by the discharge, there are important biogeochemical processes affecting their concentration. This includes redox reactions (for Fe, Mn, As, Mo, Ba and Ce) and pH-mediated adsorption/desorption reactions (for Ni, Co, Cr, Cu and REEs). The abundance of Fe and Mn oxyhydroxides as a result of redox processes could be driving the geochemical redistribution of metals in the river water. There is a Ce anomaly (Ce/Ce*) at different time periods, both negative and positive, in case of dissolved phase, whereas there is positive anomaly in the particulate and bed sediments. The Ce anomaly correlates with the variations in the dissolved oxygen indicating the redistribution of Ce between particulate and dissolved phase under acidic to neutral pH and lower concentrations of dissolved organic carbon. Unlike other tropical and major world rivers, the effect of organic complexation on metal variability is negligible in the Nethravati River water.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G P Gurumurthy
- Manipal Centre for Natural Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, 576104, India
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Balakrishna K, Tuteja U, Murali H, Batra HV. Application of r-PFE hyperimmune sera for concurrent detection of Bacillus anthracis, Yersinia pestis
and staphylococcal enterotoxin B. J Appl Microbiol 2014; 116:1465-73. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.12465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2013] [Revised: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Balakrishna
- Division of Microbiology; Defence Food Research Laboratory; Mysore India
| | - U. Tuteja
- Division of Microbiology; Defence Research and Development Establishment; Gwalior India
| | - H.S. Murali
- Division of Microbiology; Defence Food Research Laboratory; Mysore India
| | - H. V. Batra
- Division of Microbiology; Defence Food Research Laboratory; Mysore India
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Balachandran C, Arun Y, Duraipandiyan V, Ignacimuthu S, Balakrishna K, Al-Dhabi NA. Antimicrobial and cytotoxicity properties of 2,3-dihydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone isolated from Streptomyces galbus (ERINLG-127). Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2014; 172:3513-28. [PMID: 24549801 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-014-0783-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 02/04/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Streptomyces galbus ERINLG-127 was isolated from the soil samples of the Marapalam forest, Nilgiris, India. The ethyl acetate extract was subjected to activity-guided fractionation by column chromatography over silica gel. This led to the isolation of 2,3-dihydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone as the active principle. The compound showed good antimicrobial activity against tested bacteria and fungi. The minimum inhibitory concentration values of isolated compound were 12.5 μg/mL against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella typhimurium, K. pneumoniae (ESBL-3971), K. pneumoniae (ESBL-3894) and Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The compound showed prominent cytotoxic activity in vitro against A549 lung adenocarcinoma cancer cell line. It showed 75.1 % activity at the dose of 100 μg/mL with IC50 value of 60 μg/mL. The isolated compound was subjected to molecular docking studies for the inhibition of TtgR and Topoisomerase IV enzymes which are targets for antimicrobials. Docking studies of the compound showed low docking energy indicating its usefulness as antimicrobial agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Balachandran
- Division of Microbiology and Cancer Biology, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Nungambakkam, Chennai, 600 034, India
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Venkataramana M, Shilpa P, Balakrishna K, Murali HS, Batra HV. Incidence and multiplex PCR based detection of trichothecene chemotypes of Fusarium culmorum isolates collected from freshly harvested Maize kernels in Southern India. Braz J Microbiol 2013; 44:401-6. [PMID: 24294228 PMCID: PMC3833134 DOI: 10.1590/s1517-83822013000200009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2011] [Accepted: 07/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hundred Fusarium culmorum strains, isolated from freshly harvested maize grain samples from Southern parts of India, were incubated in czapek-dox medium and analyzed for trichothecene (DON/NIV) production. The mPCR assay was standardized targeting trichothecene metabolic pathway genes viz., Tri6, Tri7, Tri13 for detection of trichothecene (DON/NIV) chemotypes and rDNA gene for specific detection of F. culmorum species. Primers for targeted genes were designed and used to predict whether these isolates could produce deoxynivalenol/nivalenol, 94 isolates were able to produce DON/NIV by mPCR assay. Chemical analysis of DON/NIV was carried out for mPCR positive isolates by high performance-thin layer chromatography (HPTLC). To check the practical usefulness of developed mPCR assay, 150 field samples of maize were evaluated and results were compared with conventional HPTLC method. Out of 150 samples, 34% samples stayed as a positive for NIV contamination whereas 44% were found to have deoxynivalenol contamination. Moreover, mPCR results are equivocally matched with the HPTLC chemical analysis for field samples. Chemotyping of F. culmorum isolates were reported for the first time from India, and highlights the important potential of F. culmorum to contaminate maize with DON/NIV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Venkataramana
- Defence Food Research Laboratory, Microbiology Devision, Sidartha Nagar, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Tripti M, Lambs L, Otto T, Gurumurthy GP, Teisserenc R, Moussa I, Balakrishna K, Probst JL. First assessment of water and carbon cycles in two tropical coastal rivers of south-west India: an isotopic approach. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2013; 27:1681-1689. [PMID: 23821561 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.6616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2013] [Revised: 04/29/2013] [Accepted: 04/29/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The contribution of tropical coastal rivers to the global carbon budget remains unmeasured, despite their high water dynamics, i.e. higher run-off with their basin characteristic of warm temperature. Two rivers draining the western part of the Western Ghats, the Swarna (length 80 km) and Nethravati (147 km) Rivers, were studied for water and carbon cycles. METHODS The stable isotope ratios of oxygen (δ(18) O values), hydrogen (δ(2) H values) and carbon (δ(13) C values) were used to understand the water circulation, the weathering processes and the carbon biogeochemical cycle. The river water samples were collected during the dry post-monsoonal season (November 2011). RESULTS The δ(18) O and δ(2) H values of river water suggested that the monsoonal vapour source and its high recycling have a dominant role because of the orographical and tropical conditions. The absence of calcareous rocks has led to dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) mainly originating from atmospheric/soil CO2 , via rock-weathering processes, and the low soil organic matter combined with high run-off intensity has led to low riverine dissolved organic carbon (DOC) contents. The δ(13) C values increase from upstream to downstream and decrease with increasing pCO2 . There is a positive relationship between the δ(13) CDIC values and the DOC concentrations in these two rivers that is contrary to that in most of the studied rivers of the world. CONCLUSIONS The higher evapotranspiration supported by tropical conditions suggests that there are higher vapour recycling process in the Swarna and Nethravati basins as studied from the water δ(18) O and δ(2) H values. The basin characteristics of higher rainfall/run-off accompanied by warm temperature suggest that the δ(13) C value of riverine DIC is mainly controlled by the weathering of source rocks (silicates) with variation along the river course by CO2 degassing from the river water to the atmosphere and is less dominated by the oxidation of DOC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Tripti
- Department of Civil Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal University, Manipal, 576104, India
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Tripti M, Gurumurthy GP, Balakrishna K, Chadaga MD. Dissolved trace element biogeochemistry of a tropical river, Southwestern India. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2013; 20:4067-77. [PMID: 23224502 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-012-1341-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2012] [Accepted: 11/15/2012] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
River Swarna, a small tropical river originating in Western Ghats (at an altitude of 1,160 m above mean sea level) and flowing in the southwest coast of India discharges an average of 54 m(3)s(-1) of water into the Arabian Sea, of which significant part is being discharged during the monsoon. No studies have been made yet on the water chemistry of the Swarna River basin, even as half a million people of Udupi district use it for domestic and irrigational purposes. As large community in this region depends on the freshwater of Swarna River, there is an urgent need to study the trace element geochemistry of this west flowing river for better water management and sustainable development. The paper presents the results on the biogeochemistry of dissolved trace elements in the Swarna River for a period of 1 year. The results obtained on the trace elements show seasonal effect on the concentrations as well as behavior and thus forming two groups, discharge driven (Li, Be, Al, V, Cr, Ni, Zr, In, Pb, Bi and U) and base flow driven (groundwater input; Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Ga, Zn, As, Se, Rb, Sr, Ag, Cd, Cs, Ba and Tl) trace elements in Swarna River. The biogeochemical processes explained through Hierarchical Cluster Analysis show complexation of Fe, Ga and Ba with dissolved organic carbon, redox control over Mn and Tl and biological control over V and Ni. Also, the water quality of Swarna River remains within the permissible limits of drinking water standards.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Tripti
- Department of Civil Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal University, Manipal, 576104, India.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Priyanka SR, Venkataramana M, Balakrishna K, Murali HS, Batra HV. Development and evaluation of a multiplex PCR assay for simultaneous detection of major mycotoxigenic fungi from cereals. J Food Sci Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s13197-013-1001-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
47
|
Gandhi GR, Stalin A, Balakrishna K, Ignacimuthu S, Paulraj MG, Vishal R. Insulin sensitization via partial agonism of PPARγ and glucose uptake through translocation and activation of GLUT4 in PI3K/p-Akt signaling pathway by embelin in type 2 diabetic rats. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2012; 1830:2243-55. [PMID: 23104384 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2012.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2012] [Revised: 10/16/2012] [Accepted: 10/18/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study was aimed at isolating an antidiabetic molecule from a herbal source and assessing its mechanism of action. METHODS Embelin, isolated from Embelia ribes Burm. (Myrsinaceae) fruit, was evaluated for its potential to regulate insulin resistance, alter β-cell dysfunction and modulate key markers involved in insulin sensitivity and glucose transport using high-fat diet (HFD) fed-streptozotocin (STZ) (40mg/kg)-induced type 2 diabetic rats. Molecular-dockings were performed to investigate the binding modes of embelin into PPARγ, PI3K, p-Akt and GLUT4 active sites. RESULTS Embelin (50mg/kg b wt.) reduced body weight gain, blood glucose and plasma insulin in treated diabetic rats. It further modulated the altered lipid profiles and antioxidant enzymes with cytoprotective action on β-cell. Embelin significantly increased the PPARγ expression in epididymal adipose tissue compared to diabetic control group; it also inhibited adipogenic activity; it mildly activated PPARγ levels in the liver and skeletal muscle. It also regulated insulin mediated glucose uptake in epididymal adipose tissue through translocation and activation of GLUT4 in PI3K/p-Akt signaling cascade. Embelin bound to PPARγ; it disclosed stable binding affinities to the active sites of PI3K, p-Akt and GLUT4. CONCLUSIONS These findings show that embelin could improve adipose tissue insulin sensitivity without increasing weight gain, enhance glycemic control, protect β-cell from damage and maintain glucose homeostasis in adipose tissue. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Embelin can be used in the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus caused due to obesity.
Collapse
|
48
|
Balachandran C, Duraipandiyan V, Al-Dhabi NA, Balakrishna K, Kalia NP, Rajput VS, Khan IA, Ignacimuthu S. Antimicrobial and Antimycobacterial Activities of Methyl Caffeate Isolated from Solanum torvum Swartz. Fruit. Indian J Microbiol 2012; 52:676-81. [PMID: 24293730 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-012-0313-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2012] [Accepted: 09/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Solanum torvum Swartz. (Solanaceae) fruit is traditionally used for the treatment of bacterial and fungal infections. The methanolic extract was subjected to activity guided fractionation by column chromatography over silica gel. The structure of the compound was elucidated using physical and spectroscopic data. The antimicrobial activity was screened using five Gram-positive bacteria, six Gram-negative bacteria, seven clinical isolates and four fungi. Antimycobacterial activity was screened against two Mycobacterium strains. The zone of inhibition by methyl caffeate ranged from 0 to 22 mm. The lowest minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of methyl caffeate were: 50 μg/ml against P. vulgaris, 25 μg/ml against K. pneumoniae (ESBL-3971), 8 μg/ml against M. tuberculosis (H(37)Rv) and 8 μg/ml against M. tuberculosis (Rif(R)). Methyl caffeate showed moderate antimicrobial and prominent antimycobacterial activities. Methyl caffeate can be evaluated further for drug development.
Collapse
|
49
|
Balachandran C, Duraipandiyan V, Balakrishna K, Ignacimuthu S. Petroleum and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) degradation and naphthalene metabolism in Streptomyces sp. (ERI-CPDA-1) isolated from oil contaminated soil. Bioresour Technol 2012; 112:83-90. [PMID: 22425516 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.02.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2011] [Revised: 02/10/2012] [Accepted: 02/14/2012] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Petroleum and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) degrading Streptomyces sp. isolate ERI-CPDA-1 was recovered from oil contaminated soil in Chennai, India. The degradation efficiencies were examined by GC-FID and the results showed that the isolate could remove 98.25% diesel oil, 99.14% naphthalene and 17.5% phenanthrene in 7 days at 30°C (0.1%). ERI-CPDA-1 was able to degrade naphthalene, phenanthrene and diesel oil and grow on petrol, diesel, kerosene, benzene, pyridine, methanol, ethanol, cyclohexane, tween-80, xylene, DMSO and toluene using them as sole carbon source. Effects of environmental condition on degradation of hydrocarbons (diesel oil, naphthalene and phenanthrene) were also studied at different pH, NaCl, temperature, concentration and incubation time. Degradation pathway for naphthalene has been proposed. Degradation metabolites were identified using GC-MS analysis of ethyl acetate extract of the cell free culture. The degradation products detected were benzaldehyde, catechol, phenylacetic acid and protocatechuic acid.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Balachandran
- Division of Microbiology, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Nungambakkam, Chennai 600 034, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
|