1
|
Huh MK, Fitzpatrick K, Harris C, Niño M. Social and psychological resources and COVID-19 related fear, threat and worry. Anxiety, Stress, & Coping 2023; 36:710-726. [PMID: 36441643 DOI: 10.1080/10615806.2022.2149743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The current study examines the relationship between social/psychological resources and COVID-related fear, threat, and worry. METHODS This work is based on data collected in March 23, 2020 from a national sample of 10,368 adults (ages 18 or older) living in the United States. The final sample of 10,368 was post-stratification weighted across gender, age, race, income, and geography (state) to ensure representativeness of the overall population of the United States. RESULTS Findings suggest some social and psychological resources are related to COVID-specific distress (fear/threat/worry), but depending on the resource, relationships vary in both direction and significance. On the one hand, strength of social ties and mastery of fate play a protective role in perceived distress (fear/threat/worry) related to COVID. On the other hand, community connectedness is significantly related to higher levels of COVID-specific fear, threat, and worry. CONCLUSIONS The analyses provide some evidence of the nature of the relationships between social and psychological resources and perceived COVID-19 distress that vary by race and ethnicity. These and other relationships are explored and discussed in the context of improving ones well-being with mediating social and psychological resources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marsha Kim Huh
- Department of Sociology and Criminology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Kevin Fitzpatrick
- Department of Sociology and Criminology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Casey Harris
- Department of Sociology and Criminology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Michael Niño
- Department of Sociology and Criminology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Harris CT, Fitzpatrick K, Niño M, Thelapurath P, Drawve G. Examining disparities in the early adoption of Covid-19 personal mitigation across family structures. AIMS Public Health 2022; 9:589-605. [PMID: 36330286 PMCID: PMC9581744 DOI: 10.3934/publichealth.2022041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The United States' response to the COVID-19 pandemic has relied heavily on personal mitigation behaviors versus centralized governmental prevention strategies, especially early in the virus's outbreak. This study examines how family structure shapes mitigation, focusing on the intersectional effects of gender, marital status, and the presence of children while accounting for differences in worry about infection from the virus. Using data from a national survey of 10,368 United States adults early in the pandemic (March 2020), survey-weighted logistic regression models show important differences in the likelihood of personal mitigation adoption across family structures. Unmarried women with children were most likely to report personal mitigation behaviors, including washing hands more frequently and avoiding social gatherings. Our findings highlight the differential impacts of the pandemic on those living in specific family circumstances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Casey T. Harris
- University of Arkansas, Department of Sociology and Criminology, 211 Old Main, Fayetteville, AR 72701
| | - Kevin Fitzpatrick
- University of Arkansas, Department of Sociology and Criminology, 211 Old Main, Fayetteville, AR 72701
| | - Michael Niño
- University of Arkansas, Department of Sociology and Criminology, 211 Old Main, Fayetteville, AR 72701
| | | | - Grant Drawve
- University of Arkansas, Department of Sociology and Criminology, 211 Old Main, Fayetteville, AR 72701
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Collins M, Fitzpatrick K, Kiernan AM, Moss H, Harmon D. Pilot Study on Music in the Waiting Room of Outpatient Pain Clinics. Pain Manag Nurs 2021; 23:318-323. [PMID: 34688552 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmn.2021.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study explores live and recorded music listening in the outpatient pain clinic. There is evidence demonstrating the effectiveness of live and recorded music in a hospital setting but a comparison study of this kind has yet to be conducted. METHODS A multimethod survey study design was used. A questionnaire utilizing rating scales was self-administered across two outpatient pain clinic waiting rooms. Patients were included through convenience sampling. In one clinic, a playlist of recorded music curated by two of the authors was provided. In the second clinic, a music therapy student played live music using guitar, flute, and voice. The questionnaire gathered data on music's impact on pain and emotional states, as well as attitudes toward music in the waiting room. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and qualitative data, gathered in the questionnaires open ended question, was analyzed using thematic analysis. RESULTS The questionnaire was completed by 200 adult patients. Patients reported lowered levels of anxiety, stress, and pain in both clinics, as well as a shorter waiting time and more caring experience. Patients in the live music clinic reported that music lowered levels of stress, nervousness, agitation, and pain more than in the recorded music clinic. CONCLUSIONS Participants in this study identified that music is a useful tool in the pain clinic waiting room. This study contributes to evidence that music should be considered as a complimentary treatment for people living with pain and in the wider hospital setting. Additional research is warranted with a control group, pre- and posttesting, and studies of music in hospitals in a range of cultural contexts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Collins
- Irish World Academy of Music and Dance, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - K Fitzpatrick
- Irish World Academy of Music and Dance, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
| | - A M Kiernan
- Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Medicine, Limerick University Hospital, Limerick, Ireland
| | - H Moss
- Irish World Academy of Music and Dance, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - D Harmon
- Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Medicine, Limerick University Hospital, Limerick, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Eeckhaut M, Fitzpatrick K. P64 Are new LARC users less likely to use condoms than new moderately effective hormonal method users? An analysis of us women ages 15–44. Contraception 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2020.07.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
5
|
Fitzpatrick K, Patterson R, Morley K, Stoltzfus J, Stankewicz H. Physician Wellness During a Pandemic. West J Emerg Med 2020; 21:83-87. [PMID: 33052816 PMCID: PMC7673879 DOI: 10.5811/westjem.2020.7.48472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We are currently in the midst of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Research into previous infectious disease outbreaks has shown that healthcare workers are at increased risk for burnout during these dire times, with those on the front lines at greatest risk. The purpose of this prospective study was to determine the effect that the COVID-19 pandemic has had on the wellness of emergency physicians (EP). METHODS A survey was sent to 137 EPs in a multi-hospital network in eastern Pennsylvania. We compared 10 primary and two supplemental questions based on how the physicians had been feeling in the prior 2-3 weeks (COVID-19 period) to the same questions based on how they were feeling in the prior 4-6 months (pre-COVID-19 period). RESULTS We received 55 responses to the survey (40.1% response rate). The study found that during the pandemic, EPs felt less in control (p-value = 0.001); felt decreased happiness while at work (p-value 0.001); had more trouble falling asleep (p-value = 0.001); had an increased sense of dread when thinking of work needing to be done (p-value = 0.04); felt more stress on days not at work (p-value <0.0001); and were more concerned about their own health (p-value <0.0001) and the health of their families and loved ones (p-value <0.0001). CONCLUSION This study showed a statistically significant decrease in EP wellness during the COVID-19 pandemic when compared to the pre-pandemic period. We need to be aware of evidence-based recommendations to help mitigate the risks and prevent physician burnout.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Fitzpatrick
- St. Luke's University Health Network, Department of Emergency Medicine, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania
| | - Rachel Patterson
- St. Luke's University Health Network, Department of Emergency Medicine, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania
| | - Krista Morley
- St. Luke's University Health Network, Department of Emergency Medicine, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania
| | - Jill Stoltzfus
- St. Luke's University Health Network, Department of Emergency Medicine, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania
| | - Holly Stankewicz
- St. Luke's University Health Network, Department of Emergency Medicine, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Fitzpatrick K, Spialek M, Willis D, Paschal J, English E. Food Insecurity in the Post-Disaster Harvey Setting. Curr Dev Nutr 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzaa042_003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
The paper examines the interrelationship among risks, resources, and food insecurity among a post-disaster sample of Hurricane Harvey survivors. Specific hypotheses are tested proposing positive relationships between risk and food insecurity and negative relationships between social and psychological resources and their relationship with food insecurity.
Methods
Random and representative samples were collected among survivors living on the Texas Gulf Coast. Efforts were made to sample and interview survivors in both different cities as well as those experiencing different evacuation circumstances. Both face-to-face interviews and online interviews were used to collect data from 316 survivors. The sample was obtained using quota groupings based on sociodemographic composition and residential location.
Results
Both correlation and regression results show support for the general risk and resource hypotheses. Sociodemographic findings show that younger, renters, poorer educated survivors without access to their own transportation reported higher levels of food insecurity in the weeks and months following Hurricane Harvey making landfall in August 2017. Additionally, risks for higher levels of food insecurity were found among persons with higher depressive symptomatology, with higher levels of previous disaster exposure, and reporting a greater concern for climate change. Both strength of social ties and mastery of fate were negatively related to food insecurity, supporting the general resource hypothesis that a greater presence of either social or psychological resources could potentially lower food insecurity among post-disaster survivors.
Conclusions
Our findings lend support to a risk and resources model that has already been applied to food insecurity research in other populations. Its applicability to the resource limited post-disaster setting is important and provides evidence for addressing directly the immediate mental and physical health needs of the population, in addition to the service provider and infrastructural need. Like earlier work, our findings suggest an uneven recovery experience that is likely both dependent on who you are and where you live.
Funding Sources
National Science Foundation.
Collapse
|
7
|
Rosenbaum S, Watkins A, Ward P, Pearce D, Fitzpatrick K, Curtis J. Psychiatry heal thyself: a lifestyle intervention targeting mental health staff to enhance uptake of lifestyle interventions for people prescribed antipsychotic medication. Eur Psychiatry 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.2314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionPeople experiencing severe mental illness (SMI) face a shortened life expectancy of up to 20 years, primarily due to preventable cardiovascular (CV) diseases. Lifestyle interventions are effective in reducing CV risk, yet examples of service-wide interventions are lacking. Staff culture remains a barrier to the successful implementation of lifestyle interventions. The Keeping the Body in Mind (KBIM) program, established by SESLHD (Australia), aims to close the gap in life expectancy through multidisciplinary teams, including clinical nurse consultants, dieticians, exercise physiologists, and peer support workers. Prior to the KBIM rollout, an individualized lifestyle intervention called Keeping Our Staff In Mind (KoSiM) was offered to all district mental health staff.ObjectiveKoSiM examined the effectiveness of a staff intervention to improve physical health, confidence, knowledge and attitudes of mental health staff.MethodsMental health staffs were invited to participate in an online survey and a 4-week individualized intervention including personalised health screening and lifestyle advice, with a 16-week follow-up. Outcomes assessed included: attitudes, confidence and knowledge regarding metabolic health, weight, waist circumference (WC), blood pressure, sleep, diet, physical activity and exercise capacity.ResultsOf a total of 702 staff, 204 completed the survey (29%). Among those completing the survey, 154 staff (75%) participated in the intervention. A mean decrease in waist circumference of 2 ± 2.7 cm, (P < 0.001) was achieved. Among staffs that were overweight or obese at baseline, 75% achieved a decrease in WC.ConclusionImproving staff culture regarding physical health interventions is an important step in integrating lifestyle interventions into routine care.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Collapse
|
8
|
Walker S, Fitzpatrick K, Baum J. Barriers to Consuming Dietary Protein and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors Among Low-Income and Homeless Adults (P04-089-19). Curr Dev Nutr 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzz051.p04-089-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Over 40 million Americans identify as food insecure and lack access to adequate food. The objective of this study was to identify the barriers to consuming dietary protein and to determine how lack of access to dietary protein is associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in food insecure (FI) and homeless adults
Methods
Participants were recruited during intake at a medical outreach event for homeless and low-income adults living in Northwest Arkansas. A total of 96 adults (62 male and 33 female; 50.3 ±13.3 y) completed the survey. Subjects were asked to verbally respond to questions regarding their current housing and food security status, dietary habits, and general access to medical care. Cardiometabolic risk factors (BMI, glucose, and blood pressure) were also measured. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Science v25.
Results
A total of 74.8% of participants reported some degree of FI. The majority of FI participants reported high- (32.6%) followed by moderate- (31.5%) and low-severity (16.3%); almost half of the participants (44.8%) reported being homeless. Barriers to protein consumption were positively correlated with FI (r = .36; P < .001). Over 70% of participants reported at least one barrier that prevented them from consuming protein. The majority reported that cost was the most important barrier to accessing protein (58%), followed by convenience (25%) and time available to prepare it (22%). In part, due to these and other barriers, more than one-third of respondents reported consuming protein fewer than 5 times per week. There were no associations between FI and cardiometabolic risk factors. Nevertheless, the majority of participants screened (88%) had blood pressure above 120/80 mm and had elevated blood glucose (39.7%) and 76% were either overweight or obese.
Conclusions
Barriers to consuming dietary protein exist among homeless and low-income adults. Cost and convenience are the two most important barriers among this population subgroup; persons reporting barriers to protein access also reported higher levels of FI. Additionally, food insecurity and homelessness may increase risk for irregular cardiometabolic biomarkers. Future research will focus on how to overcome these barriers and improve markers of cardio metabolic health in adults experiencing FI.
Funding Sources
American Egg Board/Egg Nutrition Center.
Collapse
|
9
|
Berger N, Fitzpatrick K, Klein P. Abstract P6-16-10: Is pregnancy testing during chemotherapy standardized? Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p6-16-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The initiative to improve awareness about the risks of infertility for premenopausal patients receiving chemotherapy has improved significantly over time. While the risks for infertility are high, there is still a small risk of pregnancy during chemotherapy. The incidence of cancer diagnosed during pregnancy is 0.1-0.2%. The incidence of women who become pregnant while on chemotherapy is less clear but does occur. Amenorrhea commonly occurs during chemotherapy but this does not necessarily correlate with lack of ovarian function. Treating a patient with an unidentified pregnancy is an adverse event which must be avoided given the high risk it poses to the fetus, especially during the first trimester. Pregnancy testing prior to the initiation of chemotherapy is recommended by the NCCN and ASCO. However, recommendations on how to monitor for pregnancy after an initial screen are inconsistent and lack standardization. Formal guidelines and policies are needed to prevent and/or identify pregnancies while on chemotherapy.
We surveyed five breast medical oncologists and six infusion nurses at a busy urban breast center to determine their baseline practices in regards to pregnancy counseling and testing. Of physicians and nurses surveyed, 40% (2/5) and 33% (2/6) respectively have diagnosed a pregnancy while on chemotherapy. When surveyed about counseling patients on the risks of pregnancy, 80% of physicians counsel patients prior to initiation of chemotherapy, but one physician and one infusion nurse said they do not counsel patients about the risk of pregnancy at any time but do discuss the risks of infertility. All physicians surveyed check a pregnancy test prior to the initiation of chemotherapy, but 60% check urine and 40% check serum. Thereafter 60% will check a pregnancy test after initial screen if the patient is concerned and 40% will check intermittently during chemotherapy. Of the nurses surveyed, 33% will check a pregnancy test after initial screen if the patient is concerned and 50% check intermittently during treatment. Half of the infusion nurses said they ask patients if they are concerned they may be pregnant intermittently during chemotherapy and 50% answered that they do not ask again after the initial screen. On subsequent screens the choice of urine or serum hCG testing varies and is not standardized.
These survey results demonstrate that both pregnancy counseling and pregnancy screening practices vary widely even within the same institution. A standardized approach is essential to increase awareness of pregnancy risk while on chemotherapy, improve education of this risk to patients, prevent unwanted pregnancies, and identify pregnancies as soon as possible. We have initiated a quality improvement project to check urine pregnancy tests monthly in all premenopausal patients (age <55) receiving chemotherapy for breast cancer. Based on our findings we will institute a protocol at our institution for uniform teaching on the small risk of pregnancy and uniform pregnancy testing while on chemotherapy.
Citation Format: Berger N, Fitzpatrick K, Klein P. Is pregnancy testing during chemotherapy standardized? [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-16-10.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Berger
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - K Fitzpatrick
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - P Klein
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Huff AJ, Gomez J, Calhoun E, Hsu CH, Chalasani P, Fitzpatrick K, Borders M, Lang L, Prado Y. Abstract P5-13-19: Addressing non-adherence for breast cancer screening across ethnicity in southern Arizona. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p5-13-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background In Arizona, female breast cancer has the highest incidence rate and the second highest death rate compared to all other cancers. This ongoing single arm intervention study investigates non-adherence with recommended annual mammography or follow-up breast imaging. Data collected for this study is both retrospective, using the university Electronic Health Record (EHR) system (January 1, 2014 to September 30, 2017), and prospective, implementing a questionnaire during the intervention phase. Potential study participants were identified using EHR and categorized by BI-RADS (Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System) 0 to 5. With IRB approval from University of Arizona, we designed a questionnaire to measure barriers to adherence and we navigate participants to schedule and attend follow-up appointments. This study's overall specific aims are to increase first time mammography screening by 25% among women in Southern Arizona; increase adherence or repeat screening rate by 20% among women lost to follow-up; establish the framework for a community- academic partnership in ethnically diverse areas. Women, age 40 and older who are not compliant with recommended annual mammograms or recommended follow-up screenings after a suspicious finding are eligible to participate in this study. Men and children, as well as women for whom breast imaging is not recommended are excluded from participating in this study. Results Patient's age was summarized by mean ± standard deviation for continuous variables and frequency and the associated percentage for categorical variables. BI-RADS scores were classified into Negative, Benign, Possible Malignancy and Proven Malignancy and compared between ethnic and racial groups using Fisher's exact test. Of 8823 non-compliant woman over nearly 4 years of data, 0.2% are BI-RADS 4 and 5, 2.2% are BI-RADS 3, 96% are BI-RADS 1 and 2, and 0.3% are BI-RADS 0. The mean age is 61.59 years, with 25% reporting as Hispanic, 66% reporting as non-Hispanic women (NHW), and 10% preferring to receive care in Spanish. Initial data shows only .24% with proven malignancies. Further, the data reveals that Hispanics have a slightly higher rate of possible malignancy (.36%) than NHW (.18%); however, NHW show a slightly higher rate of proven malignancy (.27% compared to .18%, respectively). Discussion These data provide valuable information for the direction of this study; in particular, understanding the disparity between Hispanic and NHW malignancies and developing culturally competent interventions and education materials to increase compliance with breast cancer screening recommendations. Further, these data indicate our focus should be on screening compliance for BI-RADS 1 and 2. These data also point to a possible high non-compliance issue. Comparing non-compliance data from other regional clinics will continue to shape this study's direction. The target sample size for this study is 300 participants. We accept a 95% confidence level and a 5% margin of error. Out of 420 recruitment letters mailed, the navigators have reached 152 potential participants by phone and have a 26% study recruitment rate (n=40).
Citation Format: Huff AJ, Gomez J, Calhoun E, Hsu C-H, Chalasani P, Fitzpatrick K, Borders M, Lang L, Prado Y. Addressing non-adherence for breast cancer screening across ethnicity in southern Arizona [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-13-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- AJ Huff
- University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - J Gomez
- University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | | | - C-H Hsu
- University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | | | | | | | - L Lang
- University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - Y Prado
- University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ffrench-O'Carroll R, Fitzpatrick K, Jonker WR, Choo M, Tujjar O. Maintaining oxygenation with high-flow nasal cannula during emergent awake surgical tracheostomy. Br J Anaesth 2018; 118:954-955. [PMID: 28575343 DOI: 10.1093/bja/aex149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - K Fitzpatrick
- Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Saolta University Healthcare Group, Sligo University Hospital, Sligo, Ireland
| | - W R Jonker
- Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Saolta University Healthcare Group, Sligo University Hospital, Sligo, Ireland
| | - M Choo
- Ear Nose and Throat Surgery, Saolta University Healthcare Group, Sligo University Hospital, Sligo, Ireland
| | - O Tujjar
- Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Saolta University Healthcare Group, Sligo University Hospital, Sligo, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Fitzpatrick K. Response to Feldman. Obes Res Clin Pract 2018; 12:491. [PMID: 30220311 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Fitzpatrick
- University of Arkansas, Department of Sociology, Fayetteville, AR 72701, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Matsuda-Abedini M, Fitzpatrick K, Harrell WR, Gipson DS, Hooper SR, Belger A, Poskitt K, Miller SP, Bjornson BH. Brain abnormalities in children and adolescents with chronic kidney disease. Pediatr Res 2018; 84:387-392. [PMID: 29967532 PMCID: PMC6258313 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-018-0037-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a risk factor for vascular disease and stroke. The spectrum of brain injury and microstructural white matter abnormalities in children with CKD is largely unknown. METHODS Cross sectional study at two North American pediatric hospitals. A cohort of 49 children, 29 with CKD, including renal transplant (mean age 14.4 ± 2.9 years; range 9-18), and 20 healthy controls (mean age 13.7 ± 3.1 years; range 9-18) had their conventional brain magnetic resonance images (MRIs) reviewed by one neuroradiologist to determine the prevalence of brain injury. Fractional anisotropy (FA) maps calculated from diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) were generated to compare white matter microstructure in CKD compared to controls, using tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS). RESULTS Focal and multifocal white matter injury was seen on brain MRI in 6 children with CKD (21%). Relative to controls, CKD subjects showed reduced white matter fractional anisotropy and increased mean diffusivity and radial diffusivity in the anterior limb of the internal capsule, suggestive of abnormal myelination. CONCLUSION Cerebral white matter abnormalities, including white matter injury, are under-recognized in pediatric CKD patients. Brain imaging studies through progression of CKD are needed to determine the timing of white matter injury and any potentially modifiable risk factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mina Matsuda-Abedini
- Division of Nephrology, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Kevin Fitzpatrick
- Division of Neurology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina,British Columbia Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Waverly R Harrell
- School of Education, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Debbie S Gipson
- Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Stephen R Hooper
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Aysenil Belger
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Ken Poskitt
- Department of Radiology, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada,British Columbia Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Steven P Miller
- Division of Neurology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina,British Columbia Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Bruce H Bjornson
- Division of Neurology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina,British Columbia Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Fitzpatrick K. P14 Stigma and discrimination: an exploration of need and potential responses in Victoria, Australia. J Virus Erad 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s2055-6640(20)30755-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
|
15
|
Fitzpatrick K. The newest members of CancerLinq's community--FDA and NCI. Am J Manag Care 2017; 23:SP410-SP413. [PMID: 29087647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Fitzpatrick
- CancerLinQ LLC, American Society of Clinical Oncology, 2318 Mill Rd., Alexandria, VA 22314. E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Jiang P, Scarpa JR, Gao VD, Fitzpatrick K, Gotter A, Winrow CJ, Renger JJ, Vitaterna MH, Kasarskis A, Turek FW. 0018 DATA MINING OF MULTIPLE GENOMICS DATASETS UNCOVERS CONVERGENT GENE NETWORKS INTEGRATING CIRCADIAN TIMING AND HOMEOSTATIC DRIVE FOR SLEEP REGULATION. Sleep 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/sleepj/zsx050.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
17
|
O'Connor G, Fitzpatrick K. Do Place and Time Make a Difference? Examining Quality of Life Among Homeless Persons in Northwest Arkansas and Birmingham. Community Ment Health J 2017; 53:334-339. [PMID: 27460977 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-016-0050-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study examines the role that life chances and choices play in determining quality of life among homeless people. Given the prominent negative impact of homelessness, this paper specifically examines the impact of length of time homeless and location on adverse quality of life. OLS regression examined quality of life among 264 homeless adults living in Northwest Arkansas and Birmingham, Alabama. Analysis shows no significant impact of life choices on quality of life but a significant impact of life chances including strong social ties and mastery of fate, on adverse quality of life. Length of time homeless was related to adverse quality of life, but location was not, indicating that the homeless experience with regards to subjective quality of life did not vary significantly between Birmingham and Northwest Arkansas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gail O'Connor
- Department of Sociology and Criminal Justice, Community and Family Institute, University of Arkansas, 211 Old Main, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | - Kevin Fitzpatrick
- Department of Sociology and Criminal Justice, Community and Family Institute, University of Arkansas, 211 Old Main, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Selvakumar S, Babic B, Chitayat S, Fitzpatrick K, Latchman A, Seigel S, Giglia L. 9: Comparison of Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome Outcomes Before and After Implementation of Revised Management Guidelines. Paediatr Child Health 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/pch/20.5.e34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
|
19
|
Fitzpatrick K, Myrstol BA, Miller E. Does context matter? Examining the mental health among homeless people. Community Ment Health J 2015; 51:215-21. [PMID: 24952424 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-014-9747-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2013] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
While much research has focused on the impact community has on health and wellbeing of domiciled populations, limited research has explored the same for homeless people. Using multivariate models, this research explores what factors are related to depressive symptomatology among homeless people living in two distinctly different communities. Results suggest that context matters, but not for every circumstance examined in these models. While some variables exhibit a consistent relationship with depressive symptoms, the role of social capital is noted as particularly important to lowering symptomatology, yet its impact differs significantly by location.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Fitzpatrick
- Department of Sociology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA,
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Garg A, Wong D, Popuri K, Poskitt KJ, Fitzpatrick K, Bjornson B, Grunau RE, Beg MF. Manually segmented template library for 8-year-old pediatric brain MRI data with 16 subcortical structures. J Med Imaging (Bellingham) 2014; 1:034502. [PMID: 26158067 DOI: 10.1117/1.jmi.1.3.034502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Revised: 09/15/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Manual segmentation of anatomy in brain MRI data taken to be the closest to the "gold standard" in quality is often used in automated registration-based segmentation paradigms for transfer of template labels onto the unlabeled MRI images. This study presents a library of template data with 16 subcortical structures in the central brain area which were manually labeled for MRI data from 22 children (8 male, [Formula: see text]). The lateral ventricle, thalamus, caudate, putamen, hippocampus, cerebellum, third vevntricle, fourth ventricle, brainstem, and corpuscallosum were segmented by two expert raters. Cross-validation experiments with randomized template subset selection were conducted to test for their ability to accurately segment MRI data under an automated segmentation pipeline. A high value of the dice similarity coefficient ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]) and small Hausdorff distance ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]) of the automated segmentation against the manual labels was obtained on this template library data. Additionally, comparison with segmentation obtained from adult templates showed significant improvement in accuracy with the use of an age-matched library in this cohort. A manually delineated pediatric template library such as the one described here could provide a useful benchmark for testing segmentation algorithms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanmeet Garg
- Simon Fraser University , School of Engineering Science, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1M4, Canada
| | - Darren Wong
- University of British Columbia , Department of Radiology, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Karteek Popuri
- Simon Fraser University , School of Engineering Science, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1M4, Canada
| | - Kenneth J Poskitt
- University of British Columbia , Department of Radiology, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Kevin Fitzpatrick
- University of British Columbia , Department of Pediatrics, Vancouver, British Columbia V6H 3V4, Canada ; Child and Family Research Institute , Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Bruce Bjornson
- University of British Columbia , Department of Pediatrics, Vancouver, British Columbia V6H 3V4, Canada ; Child and Family Research Institute , Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Ruth E Grunau
- University of British Columbia , Department of Pediatrics, Vancouver, British Columbia V6H 3V4, Canada ; Child and Family Research Institute , Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Mirza Faisal Beg
- Simon Fraser University , School of Engineering Science, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1M4, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Guo C, Hu M, DeOrazio RJ, Usyatinsky A, Fitzpatrick K, Zhang Z, Maeng JH, Kitchen DB, Tom S, Luche M, Khmelnitsky Y, Mhyre AJ, Guzzo PR, Liu S. The design and synthesis of novel SGLT2 inhibitors: C-glycosides with benzyltriazolopyridinone and phenylhydantoin as the aglycone moieties. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:3414-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Revised: 04/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
22
|
Ranger M, Chau CMY, Garg A, Woodward TS, Beg MF, Bjornson B, Poskitt K, Fitzpatrick K, Synnes AR, Miller SP, Grunau RE. Neonatal pain-related stress predicts cortical thickness at age 7 years in children born very preterm. PLoS One 2013; 8:e76702. [PMID: 24204657 PMCID: PMC3800011 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0076702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2013] [Accepted: 08/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Altered brain development is evident in children born very preterm (24–32 weeks gestational age), including reduction in gray and white matter volumes, and thinner cortex, from infancy to adolescence compared to term-born peers. However, many questions remain regarding the etiology. Infants born very preterm are exposed to repeated procedural pain-related stress during a period of very rapid brain development. In this vulnerable population, we have previously found that neonatal pain-related stress is associated with atypical brain development from birth to term-equivalent age. Our present aim was to evaluate whether neonatal pain-related stress (adjusted for clinical confounders of prematurity) is associated with altered cortical thickness in very preterm children at school age. Methods 42 right-handed children born very preterm (24–32 weeks gestational age) followed longitudinally from birth underwent 3-D T1 MRI neuroimaging at mean age 7.9 yrs. Children with severe brain injury and major motor/sensory/cognitive impairment were excluded. Regional cortical thickness was calculated using custom developed software utilizing FreeSurfer segmentation data. The association between neonatal pain-related stress (defined as the number of skin-breaking procedures) accounting for clinical confounders (gestational age, illness severity, infection, mechanical ventilation, surgeries, and morphine exposure), was examined in relation to cortical thickness using constrained principal component analysis followed by generalized linear modeling. Results After correcting for multiple comparisons and adjusting for neonatal clinical factors, greater neonatal pain-related stress was associated with significantly thinner cortex in 21/66 cerebral regions (p-values ranged from 0.00001 to 0.014), predominately in the frontal and parietal lobes. Conclusions In very preterm children without major sensory, motor or cognitive impairments, neonatal pain-related stress appears to be associated with thinner cortex in multiple regions at school age, independent of other neonatal risk factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manon Ranger
- Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Developmental Neurosciences and Child Health, Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Cecil M. Y. Chau
- Developmental Neurosciences and Child Health, Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- BC Mental Health and Addictions Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Amanmeet Garg
- Engineering Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Todd S. Woodward
- BC Mental Health and Addictions Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Mirza Faisal Beg
- Engineering Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Bruce Bjornson
- Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Developmental Neurosciences and Child Health, Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kenneth Poskitt
- Developmental Neurosciences and Child Health, Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kevin Fitzpatrick
- Developmental Neurosciences and Child Health, Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Anne R. Synnes
- Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Developmental Neurosciences and Child Health, Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- BC Children’s and Women’s Hospitals, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Steven P. Miller
- Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Developmental Neurosciences and Child Health, Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ruth E. Grunau
- Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Developmental Neurosciences and Child Health, Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- BC Children’s and Women’s Hospitals, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Partanen M, Fitzpatrick K, Mädler B, Edgell D, Bjornson B, Giaschi DE. Cortical basis for dichotic pitch perception in developmental dyslexia. Brain Lang 2012; 123:104-112. [PMID: 23043968 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2012.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2011] [Revised: 07/14/2012] [Accepted: 09/05/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The current study examined auditory processing deficits in dyslexia using a dichotic pitch stimulus and functional MRI. Cortical activation by the dichotic pitch task occurred in bilateral Heschl's gyri, right planum temporale, and right superior temporal sulcus. Adolescents with dyslexia, relative to age-matched controls, illustrated greater activity in left Heschl's gyrus for random noise, less activity in right Heschl's gyrus for all auditory conditions, and less activity in right superior temporal sulcus for a dichotic melody. Subsequent analyses showed that these group differences were attributable to dyslexic readers who performed poorly on the psychophysical task. Furthermore, behavioral performance on phonological reading was correlated to activity from dichotic conditions in right Heschl's gyrus and right superior temporal sulcus. It is postulated that these differences between reader groups is primarily due to a noise exclusion deficit shown previously in dyslexia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marita Partanen
- British Columbia Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, 4480 Oak St., Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4, Canada.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Thakore SS, Chun MJ, Fitzpatrick K. Recurrent ovarian torsion due to paratubal cysts in an adolescent female. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2012; 25:e85-7. [PMID: 22840942 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpag.2011.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2011] [Accepted: 10/26/2011] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Though paratubal and paraovarian cysts are rare in adolescent females, the influence of post-menarchal hormonal stimulation on these tubal derivates can produce large and clinically significant adnexal pathology. Ovarian torsion secondary to paratubal cysts is rare due to the cyst's location and ipsilateral recurrence is uncommon. CASE We report a case of an 11-year-old female with a large right paratubal cyst causing ovarian torsion on two separate occasions within one year and our approach to surgical management. CONCLUSION Excision of a paratubal or paraovarian cyst that causes ovarian torsion is necessary to decrease the risk of cyst recurrence and ovarian torsion in the future. Timely diagnosis and treatment of ovarian torsion enables preservation of ovarian function and patient fertility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suruchi S Thakore
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Women and Children's Hospital of Buffalo, State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, New York 14222, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
|
26
|
Rost NS, Rahman RM, Biffi A, Smith EE, Kanakis A, Fitzpatrick K, Lima F, Worrall BB, Meschia JF, Brown RD, Brott TG, Sorensen AG, Greenberg SM, Furie KL, Rosand J. White matter hyperintensity volume is increased in small vessel stroke subtypes. Neurology 2010; 75:1670-7. [PMID: 21060091 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e3181fc279a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE White matter hyperintensity (WMH) may be a marker of an underlying cerebral microangiopathy. Therefore, we hypothesized that WMH would be most severe in patients with lacunar stroke and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), 2 types of stroke in which cerebral small vessel (SV) changes are pathophysiologically relevant. METHODS We determined WMH volume (WMHV) in cohorts of prospectively ascertained patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) (Massachusetts General Hospital [MGH], n = 628, and the Ischemic Stroke Genetics Study [ISGS], n = 263) and ICH (MGH, n = 122). RESULTS Median WMHV was 7.5 cm³ (interquartile range 3.4-14.7 cm³) in the MGH AIS cohort (mean age 65 ± 15 years). MGH patients with larger WMHV were more likely to have lacunar stroke compared with cardioembolic (odds ratio [OR] = 1.87 per SD normally transformed WMHV), large artery (OR = 2.25), undetermined (OR = 1.87), or other (OR = 1.85) stroke subtypes (p < 0.03). These associations were replicated in the ISGS cohort (p = 0.03). In a separate analysis, greater WMHV was seen in ICH compared with lacunar stroke (OR = 1.2, p < 0.02) and in ICH compared with all ischemic stroke subtypes combined (OR = 1.34, p < 0.007). CONCLUSIONS Greater WMH burden was associated with SV stroke compared with other ischemic stroke subtypes and, even more strongly, with ICH. These data, from 2 independent samples, support the model that increasing WMHV is a marker of more severe cerebral SV disease and provide further evidence for links between the biology of WMH and SV stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N S Rost
- J. Philip Kistler Stroke Research Center, Center for Human Genetics Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, 175 Cambridge St, Suite 300, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Manning DD, Cioffi CL, Usyatinsky A, Fitzpatrick K, Masih L, Guo C, Zhang Z, Choo SH, Sikkander MI, Ryan KN, Naginskaya J, Hassler C, Dobritsa S, Wierschke JD, Earley WG, Butler AS, Brady CA, Barnes NM, Cohen ML, Guzzo PR. Novel serotonin type 3 receptor partial agonists for the potential treatment of irritable bowel syndrome. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 21:58-61. [PMID: 21146988 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.11.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2010] [Revised: 11/12/2010] [Accepted: 11/16/2010] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Serotonin type 3 (5-HT(3)) receptor partial agonists are being targeted as potential new drugs for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Two new chemical series bearing indazole and indole cores have exhibited nanomolar binding affinity for the h5-HT(3)A receptor. A range of partial agonist activities in HEK cells heterologously expressing the h5-HT(3)A receptor were measured for the indazole series. Excellent 5-HT(3) receptor selectivity, favorable in vitro metabolic stability and CYP inhibition properties, and good oral in vivo potency in the murine von Bezold-Jarisch reflex model is exemplified thereby indicating the series to have potential utility as improved IBS agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David D Manning
- Discovery R&D AMRI, 26 Corporate Circle, PO Box 15098, Albany, NY 12212-5098, United States.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Yang Z, Fairfax DJ, Maeng JH, Masih L, Usyatinsky A, Hassler C, Isaacson S, Fitzpatrick K, DeOrazio RJ, Chen J, Harding JP, Isherwood M, Dobritsa S, Christensen KL, Wierschke JD, Bliss BI, Peterson LH, Beer CM, Cioffi C, Lynch M, Rennells WM, Richards JJ, Rust T, Khmelnitsky YL, Cohen ML, Manning DD. Discovery of 2-substituted benzoxazole carboxamides as 5-HT3 receptor antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:6538-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2010] [Revised: 09/07/2010] [Accepted: 09/08/2010] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
29
|
Bai M, Carr G, DeOrazio RJ, Friedrich TD, Dobritsa S, Fitzpatrick K, Guzzo PR, Kitchen DB, Lynch MA, Peace D, Sajad M, Usyatinsky A, Wolf MA. 5-Functionalized indazoles as glucocorticoid receptor agonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:3017-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2010] [Revised: 04/05/2010] [Accepted: 04/07/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
30
|
Kam JWY, Dao E, Farley J, Fitzpatrick K, Smallwood J, Schooler JW, Handy TC. Slow fluctuations in attentional control of sensory cortex. J Cogn Neurosci 2010; 23:460-70. [PMID: 20146593 DOI: 10.1162/jocn.2010.21443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Top-down control of visual sensory cortex has long been tied to the orienting of visual spatial attention on a rapid, moment-to-moment basis. Here, we examined whether sensory responses in visual cortex are also modulated by natural and comparatively slower fluctuations in whether or not one is paying attention to the task at hand. Participants performed a simple visual discrimination task at fixation as the ERPs to task-irrelevant probes in the upper visual periphery were recorded. At random intervals, participants were stopped and asked to report on their attentional state at the time of stoppage-either "on-task" or "off-task." ERPs to the probes immediately preceding these subjective reports were then examined as a function of whether attention was in an on-task versus off-task state. We found that sensory-evoked responses to the probes were significantly attenuated during off-task relative to on-task states, as measured by the visual P1 ERP component. In two additional experiments, we replicated this effect while (1) finding that off-task sensory attenuation extends to the auditory domain, as measured by the auditory N1 ERP component, and (2) eliminating state-dependent shifts in general arousal as a possible explanation for the effects. Collectively, our findings suggest that sensory gain control in cortex is yoked to the natural ebb and flow in how much attention we pay to the current task over time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia W Y Kam
- Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Mullaney L, Keaveney M, Baker R, Fitzpatrick K, Ryan L, Cronin S, Morgan I, Clayton-Lea A, O'Shea E. RECTAL PREPARATION FOR PROSTATE PATIENTS: A SOLUTION TO ADDRESS RECTAL VOLUME VARIATION. Radiother Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(12)73056-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
32
|
Irwin J, Lagory M, Ritchey F, Fitzpatrick K. Social assets and mental distress among the homeless: exploring the roles of social support and other forms of social capital on depression. Soc Sci Med 2008; 67:1935-43. [PMID: 18930571 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2008.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2007] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
This paper explores the role of social capital in mediating the effects of stressors on depression among a disadvantaged population. Utilizing a survey of 155 homeless people in a mid-sized southern U.S. city, the authors address the relevance of social capital for quality of life. The paper provides a critical test of whether social support and other forms of social capital matter when monetary and human capital is extremely limited. Under these resource-restricted circumstances does social capital add to our understanding of the distress process or does it merely restate the well established relationship between social support and quality of life outcomes? Various forms of social capital are measured: religious social capital, group participation, social trust, and bridging social capital along with a commonly used measure of social support -- perceived strong tie support. Findings suggest that social capital matters for even the most resource poor populations. In addition, social capital variables add significantly to the variance explained in depressive symptomatology over and above that traditionally explained by perceived social support.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jay Irwin
- Department of Sociology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Midgley I, Fitzpatrick K, Wright SJ, John BA, Peard AJ, Major RM, Holding JD, McBurney A, Anacardio R, Novellini R, Ferrari MP. Species differences in the pharmacokinetics and metabolism of reparixin in rat and dog. Xenobiotica 2008; 36:419-40. [PMID: 16854780 DOI: 10.1080/00498250600646517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The pharmacokinetics and metabolism of reparixin (formerly repertaxin), a potent and specific inhibitor of the chemokine CXCL8, were investigated in rats and dogs after intravenous administration of [14C]-reparixin L-lysine salt. Protein binding of reparixin was investigated in vitro in rat, dog, rabbit, cynomolgus monkey and human plasma. Plasma protein binding of reparixin was >99% in the laboratory animals and humans up to 50 microg ml-1, but lower at higher concentrations. Although radioactivity was rapidly distributed into rat tissues, Vss was low (about 0.15 l kg-1) in both rat and dog. Nevertheless, reparixin was more rapidly eliminated in rats (t1/2 approximately 0.5 h) than in dogs (t1/2 approximately 10 h). Systemic exposure in dog was due primarily to parent drug, but metabolites played a more prominent role in rat. Oxidation of the isobutyl side-chain was the major metabolic pathway in rat, whereas hydrolysis of the amide bond predominated in dog. Urinary excretion, which accounted for 80-82% of the radioactive dose, was the major route of elimination in both species, and biotransformation of reparixin was complete before excretion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Midgley
- Department of Drug Metabolism, Huntingdon Life Sciences Ltd, Huntingdon, UK.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Alstermark C, Amin K, Dinn SR, Elebring T, Fjellström O, Fitzpatrick K, Geiss WB, Gottfries J, Guzzo PR, Harding JP, Holmén A, Kothare M, Lehmann A, Mattsson JP, Nilsson K, Sundén G, Swanson M, von Unge S, Woo AM, Wyle MJ, Zheng X. Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of novel gamma-aminobutyric acid type B (GABAB) receptor agonists as gastroesophageal reflux inhibitors. J Med Chem 2008; 51:4315-20. [PMID: 18578471 DOI: 10.1021/jm701425k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated that the prototypical GABA B receptor agonist baclofen inhibits transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations (TLESRs), the most important mechanism for gastroesophageal reflux. Thus, GABA B agonists could be exploited for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease. However, baclofen, which is used as an antispastic agent, and other previously known GABA B agonists can produce CNS side effects such as sedation, dizziness, nausea, and vomiting at higher doses. We now report the discovery of atypical GABA B agonists devoid of classical GABA B agonist related CNS side effects at therapeutic doses and the optimization of this type of compound for inhibition of TLESRs, which has resulted in a candidate drug ( R)- 7 (AZD3355) that is presently being evaluated in man.
Collapse
|
35
|
Cuthill JA, Fitzpatrick K, Glen J. Anaesthesia - a sedentary specialty? Accelerometer assessment of the activity level of anaesthetists while at work. Anaesthesia 2008; 63:279-83. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2044.2007.05352.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
36
|
Lehmann A, Holmberg AA, Bhatt U, Bremner-Danielsen M, Brändén L, Elg S, Elebring T, Fitzpatrick K, Geiss WB, Guzzo P, Jensen J, Jerndal G, Mattsson JP, Nilsson K, Olsson BM. Effects of (2R)-(3-amino-2-fluoropropyl)sulphinic acid (AFPSiA) on transient lower oesophageal sphincter relaxation in dogs and mechanism of hypothermic effects in mice. Br J Pharmacol 2005; 146:89-97. [PMID: 15980875 PMCID: PMC1576248 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0706299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of the novel GABA analogue (2R)-(3-amino-2-fluoropropyl)sulphinic acid (AFPSiA) on transient lower oesophageal sphincter relaxations (TLOSRs) were studied in the dog. In addition, the GABA(A)/GABA(B) selectivity was determined in vitro and in vivo, and the pharmacokinetics and the metabolism of the compound were studied in the dog and rat. TLOSRs were reduced by 55 +/- 8% after intragastric administration of AFPSiA at 14 mumol kg(-1) and did not decrease further at higher doses. When evaluated 2 and 4 h after administration, the effect declined to 37 +/- 6 and 16 +/- 9%, respectively. Spontaneous swallowing was only significantly inhibited at 100 micromol kg(-1). The oral availability of AFPSiA was 52 +/- 17 and 71 +/- 4% in the dog and rat, respectively. A fraction of AFPSiA was oxidised to the corresponding sulphonate, (2R)-(3-amino-2-fluoropropyl)sulphonic acid (AFPSoA) after oral administration to the rat and dog. In rat brain membranes, AFPSiA was found to have ten times higher affinity for rat brain GABA(B) (K(i) =47 +/- 4.4 nM) compared to GABA(A) (K(i) = 430 +/- 46 nM) binding sites. The compound was a full agonist at human recombinant GABA(B(1a,2)) receptors (EC(50) = 130 +/- 10 nM). In contrast, the metabolite AFPSoA was considerably more selective for binding to rat brain GABA(A) (K(i) = 37 +/- 3.1 nM) vs GABA(B) (K(i) = 6800 +/- 280 nM) receptors. In the mouse, high doses (1-8 mmol kg(-1)) of AFPSiA induced a rapid and mild hypothermia followed by a profound and sustained hypothermia at the higher doses tested (6 and 8 mmol kg(-1)). This effect was unaffected by the selective GABA(B) receptor antagonist CGP62349. AFPSoA (1 and 2 mmol kg(-1)) produced transient and moderate hypothermia while the hypothermic response was considerably larger at 4 mmol kg(-1).It is concluded that AFPSiA inhibits but does not abolish TLOSRs in the dog. High doses of the compound induce hypothermia in the mouse, which probably is attributable to activation of the GABA(A) receptor. The latter effect may be caused both by AFPSiA and its oxidised sulphonic acid metabolite AFPSoA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anders Lehmann
- Integrative Pharmacology, Gastrointestinal Biology, AstraZeneca R&D Mölndal, Mölndal, Sweden.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Abstract
A short cut review was carried out to establish whether antibiotics are indicated for human bites. Eighty nine papers were found using the reported search, of which two represent the best evidence to answer the clinical question. The author, date and country of publication, patient group studied, study type, relevant outcomes, results, and study weaknesses of these best papers are tabulated. Prophylactic antibiotics should be given to all patients with human bites to the hands, feet, and skin overlying joints or cartilaginous structures, and to all patients with bites that penetrate deeper than the epidermal layer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alma-Victoria Rittner
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Martin J, Fitzpatrick K, McCloy R, Horan G, Faul C. 166 Ct scan-generated small bowel dvh's, and small bowel toxicity profiles, in post-operative gynaecological cancer patients, a prospective study assessing the impact of a bellyboard device. EJC Suppl 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(03)90199-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
|
39
|
Campbell RF, Fitzpatrick K, Inghardt T, Karlsson O, Nilsson K, Reilly JE, Yet L. Enzymatic resolution of substituted mandelic acids. Tetrahedron Lett 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(03)01270-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
40
|
Bharucha AE, Camilleri M, Haydock S, Ferber I, Burton D, Cooper S, Tompson D, Fitzpatrick K, Higgins R, Zinsmeister AR. Effects of a serotonin 5-HT(4) receptor antagonist SB-207266 on gastrointestinal motor and sensory function in humans. Gut 2000; 47:667-74. [PMID: 11034583 PMCID: PMC1728108 DOI: 10.1136/gut.47.5.667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serotonin 5-HT(4) receptors are located on enteric cholinergic neurones and may regulate peristalsis. 5-HT(4) receptors on primary afferent neurones have been postulated to modulate visceral sensation. While 5-HT(4) agonists are used as prokinetic agents, the physiological role of 5-HT(4) receptors in the human gut is unknown. AIMS Our aim was to characterise the role of 5-HT(4) receptors in regulating gastrointestinal motor and sensory function in healthy subjects under baseline and stimulated conditions with a 5-HT(4) receptor antagonist. METHODS Part A compared the effects of placebo to four doses of a 5-HT(4) receptor antagonist (SB-207266) on the cisapride mediated increase in plasma aldosterone (a 5-HT(4) mediated response) and orocaecal transit in 18 subjects. In part B, 52 healthy subjects received placebo, or 0.05, 0.5, or 5 mg of SB-207266 for 10-12 days; gastric, small bowel, and colonic transit were measured by scintigraphy on days 7-9, and fasting and postprandial colonic motor function, compliance, and sensation during distensions were assessed on day 12. RESULTS Part A: 0.5, 5, and 20 mg doses of SB-207266 had significant and quantitatively similar effects, antagonising the cisapride mediated increase in plasma aldosterone and acceleration of orocaecal transit. Part B: SB-207266 tended to delay colonic transit (geometric centre of isotope at 24 (p=0.06) and 48 hours (p=0.08)), but did not have dose related effects on transit, fasting or postprandial colonic motor activity, compliance, or sensation. CONCLUSION 5-HT(4) receptors are involved in the regulation of cisapride stimulated orocaecal transit; SB 207266 tends to modulate colonic transit but not sensory functions or compliance in healthy human subjects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A E Bharucha
- Gastroenterology Research Unit, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Thalamas C, Taylor A, Brefel-Courbon C, Eagle S, Fitzpatrick K, Rascol O. Lack of pharmacokinetic interaction between ropinirole and theophylline in patients with Parkinson's disease. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1999; 55:299-303. [PMID: 10424323 DOI: 10.1007/s002280050632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Ropinirole and theophylline have the potential to interact, because they use the same hepatic cytochrome P450 (CYP1A2) as their major metabolic pathway. The present study investigated the effect of steady-state oral theophylline on the pharmacokinetics of ropinirole at steady state and the effect of steady-state ropinirole on the pharmacokinetics of a single intravenous (i.v.) dose of theophylline, both in patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD). METHODS Pharmacokinetic parameters (AUC and Cmax) for i.v. theophylline were compared before and after a 4-week period of oral treatment with ropinirole (2 mg t.i.d.) in 12 patients with PD. Patients were then maintained at this dose of ropinirole, and oral theophylline was co-administered at doses of up to 300 mg b.i.d. The parameters AUC, Cmax and tmax for ropinirole were compared before, during and after oral theophylline co-treatment. RESULTS Co-administration of ropinirole did not significantly change the pharmacokinetics of i.v. theophylline (mean AUC with and without ropinirole: 68.6 micog x h(-1) x ml(-1) and 70.0 microg x h(-1) x ml(-1), respectively: mean Cmax with and without ropinirole: 11.07 microg x ml(-1) and 11.83 microg x ml(-1), respectively). Similarly, there were no significant changes in ropinirole pharmacokinetics when the drug was co-administered with oral theophylline (mean AUC for ropinirole with and without theophylline: 21.91 ng x h(-1) x ml(-1) and 22.09 ng x h(-1) x ml(-1), respectively; mean Cmax for ropinirole with and without theophylline: 5.65 ng x ml(-1) and 5.54 ng x ml(-1), respectively; median tmax for ropinirole with and without theophylline: 2.0 h and 1.5 h, respectively). CONCLUSION These results suggest a lack of significant pharmacokinetic interaction between the two drugs at current therapeutic doses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Thalamas
- Clinical Investigation Centre, University Hospital-INSERM, Toulouse, France
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Taylor A, Beerahee A, Citerone D, Davy M, Fitzpatrick K, Lopez-Gil A, Stocchi F. The effect of steady-state ropinirole on plasma concentrations of digoxin in patients with Parkinson's disease. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1999; 47:219-22. [PMID: 10190658 PMCID: PMC2014176 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2125.1999.00867.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this single-blind study was to assess the effect of ropinirole, a novel treatment for Parkinson's disease, on the steady-state pharmacokinetics and safety of digoxin in 10 patients with Parkinson's disease. METHODS There were three parts to the study: digoxin once daily plus placebo three times daily for 1 week; digoxin once daily plus ropinirole three times daily for 6 weeks; and digoxin once daily plus placebo three times daily for 1 week. Serial blood samples were collected over 24 h at the end of each part of the study for pharmacokinetic assessment. Pre-dose blood samples were collected on specific days throughout the study to assess the attainment of steady-state plasma levels of digoxin. The primary endpoints were AUC(0, tau) and Cmax for digoxin. RESULTS There was a mean decrease of 10% in digoxin AUC (0, tau) (90% CI: 0.79, 1.01) and a 25% decrease in digoxin Cmax (90% CI: 0.58, 0.97) when ropinirole was co-administered, compared with digoxin alone Cmin plasma values for digoxin, however, were fairly constant throughout the study (point estimates 0.99, 95% CI: 0.85, 1.15). Changes in trough levels of digoxin are believed to be the most reliable way of assessing steady-state concentrations of digoxin, and therefore the clinical significance of an interaction. Changes in Cmax are too readily influenced by other factors. CONCLUSIONS These results therefore indicate that on pharmacokinetic grounds no dose adjustment is necessary for digoxin co-administered with ropinirole.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Taylor
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceuticals, Welwyn, Herts, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
|
44
|
Brefel C, Thalamas C, Rayet S, Lopez-Gil A, Fitzpatrick K, Bullman S, Citerone DR, Taylor AC, Montastruc JL, Rascol O. Effect of food on the pharmacokinetics of ropinirole in parkinsonian patients. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1998; 45:412-5. [PMID: 9578193 PMCID: PMC1873962 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2125.1998.t01-1-00704.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/1997] [Accepted: 12/04/1997] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Ropinirole is a specific non-ergoline dopamine D2-receptor agonist with antiparkinsonian properties. The pharmacokinetic parameters of ropinirole taken in the fasted condition were compared with those when it was co-administered with food. METHODS This was an open, randomized, two sessions cross over study in 12 patients with Parkinson's disease, comparing the steady-state pharmacokinetic profiles of ropinirole on two different study days: 'fasted' and 'fed'. RESULTS The mean Cmax was lower in the 'fed' regimen than in the 'fasted' one (-25%, P=0.002). The median tmax was observed 2.6 h later in the 'fed' regimen than in the 'fasted' regimen (P<0.05). There was a slight but significant decrease in AUC(0,8 h) in the 'fed' regimen (P=0.03). CONCLUSIONS Food decreases the rate of absorption of ropinirole, but has little effect on the extent of absorption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Brefel
- Service de Pharmacologie Médicale et Clinique, INSERM U 455 et U 317, Faculté de Medecine, Toulouse, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Hulst R, Heres H, Fitzpatrick K, Peper NC, Kellogg RM. Catalytic enantioselective alkylation of benzaldehyde with diethylzinc using chiral nonracemic (thio)-phosphoramidates. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0957-4166(96)00355-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
46
|
Murthy BV, Fogarty DJ, Fitzpatrick K, Brady MM. Headache during epidural top-ups in labour--a sign of reduced intracranial compliance. Anaesth Intensive Care 1995; 23:744-6. [PMID: 8669615 DOI: 10.1177/0310057x9502300619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- B V Murthy
- Department of Anaesthesia, Belfast City Hospital, U.K
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Fitzpatrick K, Hulst R, Kellogg RM. Thiol and disulfide derivatives of ephedra alkaloids 2: A mechanistic study of their effect on the addition of diethyl zinc to benzaldehyde. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0957-4166(95)00237-j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
48
|
Hulst R, van Basten A, Fitzpatrick K, Kellogg RM. Kinetic resolution of alcohols in an asymmetric mitsunobu reaction using chiral nonracemic 1,3,2-dioxaphosphepanes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1039/p19950002961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
49
|
Burton B, Fitzpatrick K, Rogers J, Mitchell L, Turner B, Jaison B, Seville J. Perspectives on research. J Nurs Staff Dev 1994; 10:333-4. [PMID: 7722667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
|
50
|
Fitzpatrick K. Computer-enhanced medical decision making. Physician Assist 1994; 18:67, 70-2, 74-5. [PMID: 10138305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Many clinicians balk at their first encounter with this intriguing technology, often fearful that information systems might usurp their autonomous role as a health care provider. Methods of implementation and application of this concept, and how it is beginning to find greater acceptance are discussed in this article.
Collapse
|