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Robertson AJ, Tran KA, Bennett C, Sullivan C, Stark Z, Vadlamudi L, Waddell N. Clinically significant changes in genes and variants associated with epilepsy over time: implications for re-analysis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7717. [PMID: 38565608 PMCID: PMC10987647 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57976-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite the significant advances in understanding the genetic architecture of epilepsy, many patients do not receive a molecular diagnosis after genomic testing. Re-analysing existing genomic data has emerged as a potent method to increase diagnostic yields-providing the benefits of genomic-enabled medicine to more individuals afflicted with a range of different conditions. The primary drivers for these new diagnoses are the discovery of novel gene-disease and variants-disease relationships; however, most decisions to trigger re-analysis are based on the passage of time rather than the accumulation of new knowledge. To explore how our understanding of a specific condition changes and how this impacts re-analysis of genomic data from epilepsy patients, we developed Vigelint. This approach combines the information from PanelApp and ClinVar to characterise how the clinically relevant genes and causative variants available to laboratories change over time, and this approach to five clinical-grade epilepsy panels. Applying the Vigelint pipeline to these panels revealed highly variable patterns in new, clinically relevant knowledge becoming publicly available. This variability indicates that a more dynamic approach to re-analysis may benefit the diagnosis and treatment of epilepsy patients. Moreover, this work suggests that Vigelint can provide empirical data to guide more nuanced, condition-specific approaches to re-analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan J Robertson
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
- Medical Genomics Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.
- Queensland Digital Health Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
- The Genomic Institute, Department of Health, Queensland Government, Brisbane, Australia.
| | - Khoa A Tran
- Medical Genomics Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Australia
| | - Carmen Bennett
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, Brisbane, QLD, 4029, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Herston, Brisbane, QLD, 4029, Australia
| | - Clair Sullivan
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Queensland Digital Health Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Centre for Health Services Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Australia
- Department of Health, Metro North Hospital and Health Service, Queensland Government, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Zornitza Stark
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Australian Genomics, Melbourne, Australia
- University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Lata Vadlamudi
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, Brisbane, QLD, 4029, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Herston, Brisbane, QLD, 4029, Australia
| | - Nicola Waddell
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
- Medical Genomics Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.
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Zhou M, Gamage ST, Tran KA, Bartee D, Wei X, Yin B, Berger S, Meier JL, Marmorstein R. Molecular Basis for RNA Cytidine Acetylation by NAT10. bioRxiv 2024:2024.03.27.587050. [PMID: 38585770 PMCID: PMC10996708 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.27.587050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Human NAT10 acetylates the N4 position of cytidine in RNA, predominantly on rRNA and tRNA, to facilitate ribosome biogenesis and protein translation. NAT10 has been proposed as a therapeutic target in cancers as well as aging-associated pathologies such as Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome (HGPS). The ∼120 kDa NAT10 protein uses its acetyl-CoA-dependent acetyltransferase, ATP-dependent helicase, and RNA binding domains in concert to mediate RNA-specific N4-cytidine acetylation. While the biochemical activity of NAT10 is well known, the molecular basis for catalysis of eukaryotic RNA acetylation remains relatively undefined. To provide molecular insights into the RNA-specific acetylation by NAT10, we determined the single particle cryo-EM structures of Chaetomium thermophilum NAT10 ( Ct NAT10) bound to a bisubstrate cytidine-CoA probe with and without ADP. The structures reveal that NAT10 forms a symmetrical heart-shaped dimer with conserved functional domains surrounding the acetyltransferase active sites harboring the cytidine-CoA probe. Structure-based mutagenesis with analysis of mutants in vitro supports the catalytic role of two conserved active site residues (His548 and Tyr549 in Ct NAT10), and two basic patches, both proximal and distal to the active site for RNA-specific acetylation. Yeast complementation analyses and senescence assays in human cells also implicates NAT10 catalytic activity in yeast thermoadaptation and cellular senescence. Comparison of the NAT10 structure to protein lysine and N-terminal acetyltransferase enzymes reveals an unusually open active site suggesting that these enzymes have been evolutionarily tailored for RNA recognition and cytidine-specific acetylation.
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Tran KA, Mangot-Sala L, Liefbroer AC. Understanding trends in loneliness during the COVID-19 pandemic in The Netherlands: the moderating role of gender, age, and living arrangement. Aging Ment Health 2023; 27:2267-2277. [PMID: 37278701 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2023.2220654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: Evidence suggests that the COVID-19 pandemic and the preventive lockdown measures increased loneliness levels. However, most studies are cross-sectional or rely on a pre-post (pandemic) design. This study relies on multiple observations to analyze the impact of the lockdown on loneliness levels in the Netherlands, and test whether it differed by gender, age, and living arrangement.Methods: Longitudinal data from the Covid-Questionnaire within the Lifelines Cohort Study from the northern Netherlands was used. Data was gathered between March 2020 and July 2021 with a total of 21 waves and 769,526 observations nested in 74,844 individuals. The outcome was a multi-dimensional Loneliness Index. The association between the lockdown period and loneliness levels was estimated using fixed-effects linear regression. Moderation effects were tested by means of two-way interactions.Results: Loneliness levels increased during stricter lockdown periods, and decreased when preventive measures were relaxed. Women and young adults experienced stronger fluctuations in their loneliness levels, whereas living arrangement did not play a notable moderating role.Conclusion: This study calls for special attention to be paid to the public issue of loneliness during periods of lockdown. Women and young adults appear as particularly vulnerable groups during the Covid-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khoa A Tran
- Netherlands Interdisciplinary Demographic Institute - KNAW/University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- University College Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Lluís Mangot-Sala
- Netherlands Interdisciplinary Demographic Institute - KNAW/University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Aart C Liefbroer
- Netherlands Interdisciplinary Demographic Institute - KNAW/University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Department of Sociology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Tran KA, Addala V, Johnston RL, Lovell D, Bradley A, Koufariotis LT, Wood S, Wu SZ, Roden D, Al-Eryani G, Swarbrick A, Williams ED, Pearson JV, Kondrashova O, Waddell N. Performance of tumour microenvironment deconvolution methods in breast cancer using single-cell simulated bulk mixtures. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5758. [PMID: 37717006 PMCID: PMC10505141 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41385-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells within the tumour microenvironment (TME) can impact tumour development and influence treatment response. Computational approaches have been developed to deconvolve the TME from bulk RNA-seq. Using scRNA-seq profiling from breast tumours we simulate thousands of bulk mixtures, representing tumour purities and cell lineages, to compare the performance of nine TME deconvolution methods (BayesPrism, Scaden, CIBERSORTx, MuSiC, DWLS, hspe, CPM, Bisque, and EPIC). Some methods are more robust in deconvolving mixtures with high tumour purity levels. Most methods tend to mis-predict normal epithelial for cancer epithelial as tumour purity increases, a finding that is validated in two independent datasets. The breast cancer molecular subtype influences this mis-prediction. BayesPrism and DWLS have the lowest combined numbers of false positives and false negatives, and have the best performance when deconvolving granular immune lineages. Our findings highlight the need for more single-cell characterisation of rarer cell types, and suggest that tumour cell compositions should be considered when deconvolving the TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khoa A Tran
- Cancer Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Venkateswar Addala
- Cancer Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Rebecca L Johnston
- Cancer Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - David Lovell
- School of Computer Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
- QUT Centre for Data Science, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Andrew Bradley
- Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Lambros T Koufariotis
- Cancer Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Scott Wood
- Cancer Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Sunny Z Wu
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Daniel Roden
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Ghamdan Al-Eryani
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Alexander Swarbrick
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Elizabeth D Williams
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre - Queensland (APCRC-Q) and Queensland Bladder Cancer Initiative (QBCI), Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - John V Pearson
- Cancer Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Olga Kondrashova
- Cancer Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Nicola Waddell
- Cancer Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia.
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia.
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5
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Tran KA, Kondrashova O, Bradley A, Williams ED, Pearson JV, Waddell N. Deep learning in cancer diagnosis, prognosis and treatment selection. Genome Med 2021; 13:152. [PMID: 34579788 PMCID: PMC8477474 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-021-00968-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Deep learning is a subdiscipline of artificial intelligence that uses a machine learning technique called artificial neural networks to extract patterns and make predictions from large data sets. The increasing adoption of deep learning across healthcare domains together with the availability of highly characterised cancer datasets has accelerated research into the utility of deep learning in the analysis of the complex biology of cancer. While early results are promising, this is a rapidly evolving field with new knowledge emerging in both cancer biology and deep learning. In this review, we provide an overview of emerging deep learning techniques and how they are being applied to oncology. We focus on the deep learning applications for omics data types, including genomic, methylation and transcriptomic data, as well as histopathology-based genomic inference, and provide perspectives on how the different data types can be integrated to develop decision support tools. We provide specific examples of how deep learning may be applied in cancer diagnosis, prognosis and treatment management. We also assess the current limitations and challenges for the application of deep learning in precision oncology, including the lack of phenotypically rich data and the need for more explainable deep learning models. Finally, we conclude with a discussion of how current obstacles can be overcome to enable future clinical utilisation of deep learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khoa A. Tran
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, 4006 Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, 4059 Australia
| | - Olga Kondrashova
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, 4006 Australia
| | - Andrew Bradley
- Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, 4000 Australia
| | - Elizabeth D. Williams
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, 4059 Australia
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre - Queensland (APCRC-Q) and Queensland Bladder Cancer Initiative (QBCI), Brisbane, 4102 Australia
| | - John V. Pearson
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, 4006 Australia
| | - Nicola Waddell
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, 4006 Australia
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Tran KA, Dillingham CM, Sridharan R. Coordinated removal of repressive epigenetic modifications during induced reversal of cell identity. EMBO J 2019; 38:e101681. [PMID: 31583744 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2019101681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications operate in concert to maintain cell identity, yet how these interconnected networks suppress alternative cell fates remains unknown. Here, we uncover a link between the removal of repressive histone H3K9 methylation and DNA methylation during the reprogramming of somatic cells to pluripotency. The H3K9me2 demethylase, Kdm3b, transcriptionally controls DNA hydroxymethylase Tet1 expression. Unexpectedly, in the absence of Kdm3b, loci that must be DNA demethylated are trapped in an intermediate hydroxymethylated (5hmC) state and do not resolve to unmethylated cytosine. Ectopic 5hmC trapping precludes the chromatin association of master pluripotency factor, POU5F1, and pluripotent gene activation. Increased Tet1 expression is important for the later intermediates of the reprogramming process. Taken together, coordinated removal of distinct chromatin modifications appears to be an important mechanism for altering cell identity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khoa A Tran
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Caleb M Dillingham
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Rupa Sridharan
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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Abstract
α-Ketoglutarate is an important metabolic intermediate that acts as a cofactor for several chromatin-modifying enzymes, including histone demethylases and the Tet family of enzymes that are involved in DNA demethylation. In this review, we focus on the function and genomic localization of these α-ketoglutarate-dependent enzymes in the maintenance of pluripotency during cellular reprogramming to induced pluripotent stem cells and in disruption of pluripotency during in vitro differentiation. The enzymatic function of many of these α-ketoglutarate-dependent proteins is required for pluripotency acquisition and maintenance. A better understanding of their specific function will be essential in furthering our knowledge of pluripotency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khoa A Tran
- From the Wisconsin Institute for Discovery.,Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology Program, and
| | - Caleb M Dillingham
- From the Wisconsin Institute for Discovery.,Cellular and Molecular Pathology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53715
| | - Rupa Sridharan
- From the Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, .,Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology
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Zhu TH, Zhu TR, Tran KA, Sivamani RK, Shi VY. Epithelial barrier dysfunctions in atopic dermatitis: a skin-gut-lung model linking microbiome alteration and immune dysregulation. Br J Dermatol 2018; 179:570-581. [PMID: 29761483 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.16734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis is a systemic disorder characterized by abnormal barrier function across multiple organ sites. Causes of epidermal barrier breakdown are complex and driven by a combination of structural, genetic, environmental and immunological factors. In addition, alteration in microflora diversity can influence disease severity, duration, and response to treatment. Clinically, atopic dermatitis can progress from skin disease to food allergy, allergic rhinitis, and later asthma, a phenomenon commonly known as the atopic march. The mechanism by which atopic dermatitis progresses towards gastrointestinal or airway disease remains to be elucidated. OBJECTIVES This review addresses how epithelial dysfunction linking microbiome alteration and immune dysregulation can predispose to the development of the atopic march. METHODS A literature search was conducted using the PubMed database for relevant articles with the keywords 'atopic dermatitis', 'epithelial barrier', 'skin', 'gut', 'lung', 'microbiome' and 'immune dysregulation'. RESULTS Initial disruption in the skin epidermal barrier permits allergen sensitization and colonization by pathogens. This induces a T helper 2 inflammatory response and a thymic stromal lymphopoietin-mediated pathway that further promotes barrier breakdown at distant sites, including the intestinal and respiratory tract. CONCLUSIONS As there are no immediate cures for food allergy or asthma, early intervention aimed at protecting the skin barrier and effective control of local and systemic inflammation may improve long-term outcomes and reduce allergen sensitization in the airway and gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- T H Zhu
- University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, U.S.A
| | - T R Zhu
- The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, U.S.A
| | - K A Tran
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, U.S.A
| | - R K Sivamani
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, U.S.A
| | - V Y Shi
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, U.S.A
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Affiliation(s)
- K A Tran
- Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA
| | - K Doghramji
- Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA
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Jackson SA, Olufs ZPG, Tran KA, Zaidan NZ, Sridharan R. Alternative Routes to Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Revealed by Reprogramming of the Neural Lineage. Stem Cell Reports 2016; 6:302-11. [PMID: 26905202 PMCID: PMC4788781 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2016.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Revised: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
During the reprogramming of mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) to induced pluripotent stem cells, the activation of pluripotency genes such as NANOG occurs after the mesenchymal to epithelial transition. Here we report that both adult stem cells (neural stem cells) and differentiated cells (astrocytes) of the neural lineage can activate NANOG in the absence of cadherin expression during reprogramming. Gene expression analysis revealed that only the NANOG+E-cadherin+ populations expressed stabilization markers, had upregulated several cell cycle genes; and were transgene independent. Inhibition of DOT1L activity enhanced both the numbers of NANOG+ and NANOG+E-cadherin+ colonies in neural stem cells. Expressing SOX2 in MEFs prior to reprogramming did not alter the ratio of NANOG colonies that express E-cadherin. Taken together these results provide a unique pathway for reprogramming taken by cells of the neural lineage. NANOG expression can be obtained without E-cadherin in cells of the neural lineage Transgene independence and late markers only occur when colonies are E-cadherin+ NANOG+E-cadherin+ colonies also upregulate cell cycle-related genes DOT1L inhibition increases NANOG+E-cadherin+ colony numbers
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven A Jackson
- Epigenetics Theme, Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin, 330 North Orchard Street, Room 2118, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | - Zachariah P G Olufs
- Epigenetics Theme, Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin, 330 North Orchard Street, Room 2118, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | - Khoa A Tran
- Epigenetics Theme, Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin, 330 North Orchard Street, Room 2118, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | - Nur Zafirah Zaidan
- Epigenetics Theme, Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin, 330 North Orchard Street, Room 2118, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | - Rupa Sridharan
- Epigenetics Theme, Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin, 330 North Orchard Street, Room 2118, Madison, WI 53715, USA; Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53715, USA.
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Hunter JC, Brandser EA, Tran KA. Pelvic and acetabular trauma. Radiol Clin North Am 1997; 35:559-90. [PMID: 9167663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Blunt pelvic trauma may lead to disruption of the pelvic ring, acetabular fracture, and significant soft tissue injury. The radiologist must be familiar with not only the imaging approach to these lesions but also the anatomy, biomechanics of injury, and fracture classification to communicate effectively with trauma surgeons and to participate as a member of the trauma team.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Hunter
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
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Abstract
In 1978 the authors established a weekly psychiatric clinic for Indochinese refugees. During the first 20 months, 50 patients were evaluated and treated at the clinic; a Vietnamese psychiatric resident and several native Indochinese mental health counselors bridged the language and cultural barriers between patients and clinic personnel. Most of the patients seen at the beginning of the program were psychotic and severely impaired. However, patients seen later suffered from a wider variety of problems. A flexible approach to treatment was adopted that would be compatible with the cultural expectations of the refugees. This resulted in the use of different forms of therapy and special emphasis on the medical approach of the physician, a role familiar to Indochinese patients. Gradually the clinic gained acceptance by members of the local refugee community.
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