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Katona MT, Nagy-Katona L, Szabó R, Borbás E, Tonka-Nagy P, Takács-Novák K. Multi-Compartmental Dissolution Method, an Efficient Tool for the Development of Enhanced Bioavailability Formulations Containing Poorly Soluble Acidic Drugs. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15030753. [PMID: 36986614 PMCID: PMC10051608 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the applicability of the Gastrointestinal Simulator (GIS), a multi-compartmental dissolution model, to predict the in vivo performance of Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) Class IIa compounds. As the bioavailability enhancement of poorly soluble drugs requires a thorough understanding of the desired formulation, the appropriate in vitro modelling of the absorption mechanism is essential. Four immediate release ibuprofen 200 mg formulations were tested in the GIS using fasted biorelevant media. In addition to the free acid form, ibuprofen was present as sodium and lysine salts in tablets and as a solution in soft-gelatin capsules. In the case of rapid-dissolving formulations, the dissolution results indicated supersaturation in the gastric compartment, which affected the resulting concentrations in the duodenum and the jejunum as well. In addition, a Level A in vitro-in vivo correlation (IVIVC) model was established using published in vivo data, and then the plasma concentration profiles of each formulation were simulated. The predicted pharmacokinetic parameters were consistent with the statistical output of the published clinical study. In conclusion, the GIS method was found to be superior compared to the traditional USP method. In the future, the method can be useful for formulation technologists to find the optimal technique to enhance the bioavailability of poorly soluble acidic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miklós Tamás Katona
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, 7 Hőgyes Endre Street, H-1092 Budapest, Hungary
- Egis Pharmaceuticals PLC, 116-120 Bökényföldi Street, H-1165 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Lili Nagy-Katona
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 3 Műegyetem rakpart, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Réka Szabó
- Egis Pharmaceuticals PLC, 116-120 Bökényföldi Street, H-1165 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Enikő Borbás
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 3 Műegyetem rakpart, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Tonka-Nagy
- Egis Pharmaceuticals PLC, 116-120 Bökényföldi Street, H-1165 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Takács-Novák
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, 7 Hőgyes Endre Street, H-1092 Budapest, Hungary
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2
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Csicsák D, Szolláth R, Kádár S, Ambrus R, Bartos C, Balogh E, Antal I, Köteles I, Tőzsér P, Bárdos V, Horváth P, Borbás E, Takács-Novák K, Sinkó B, Völgyi G. The Effect of the Particle Size Reduction on the Biorelevant Solubility and Dissolution of Poorly Soluble Drugs with Different Acid-Base Character. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15010278. [PMID: 36678907 PMCID: PMC9865396 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Particle size reduction is a commonly used process to improve the solubility and the dissolution of drug formulations. The solubility of a drug in the gastrointestinal tract is a crucial parameter, because it can greatly influence the bioavailability. This work provides a comprehensive investigation of the effect of the particle size, pH, biorelevant media and polymers (PVA and PVPK-25) on the solubility and dissolution of drug formulations using three model compounds with different acid-base characteristics (papaverine hydrochloride, furosemide and niflumic acid). It was demonstrated that micronization does not change the equilibrium solubility of a drug, but it results in a faster dissolution. In contrast, nanonization can improve the equilibrium solubility of a drug, but the selection of the appropriate excipient used for nanonization is essential, because out of the two used polymers, only the PVPK-25 had an increasing effect on the solubility. This phenomenon can be explained by the molecular structure of the excipients. Based on laser diffraction measurements, PVPK-25 could also inhibit the aggregation of the particles more effectively than PVA, but none of the polymers could hold the nanonized samples in the submicron range until the end of the measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dóra Csicsák
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, 9 Hőgyes Endre Street, 1092 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Rita Szolláth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, 9 Hőgyes Endre Street, 1092 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Szabina Kádár
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 3 Műegyetem Rkp., 1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Rita Ambrus
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, 6 Eötvös Street, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Csilla Bartos
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, 6 Eötvös Street, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Emese Balogh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Semmelweis University, 7 Hőgyes Endre Street, 1092 Budapest, Hungary
| | - István Antal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Semmelweis University, 7 Hőgyes Endre Street, 1092 Budapest, Hungary
| | - István Köteles
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, 9 Hőgyes Endre Street, 1092 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Petra Tőzsér
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 3 Műegyetem Rkp., 1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Vivien Bárdos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, 9 Hőgyes Endre Street, 1092 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Horváth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, 9 Hőgyes Endre Street, 1092 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Enikő Borbás
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 3 Műegyetem Rkp., 1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Takács-Novák
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, 9 Hőgyes Endre Street, 1092 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bálint Sinkó
- Pion Inc., 10 Cook Street, Billerica, MA 01821, USA
| | - Gergely Völgyi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, 9 Hőgyes Endre Street, 1092 Budapest, Hungary
- Correspondence:
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3
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Kádár S, Csicsák D, Tőzsér P, Farkas A, Pálla T, Mirzahosseini A, Tóth B, Tóth G, Fiser B, Horváth P, Madarász J, Avdeef A, Takács-Novák K, Sinkó B, Borbás E, Völgyi G. Understanding the pH Dependence of Supersaturation State-A Case Study of Telmisartan. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14081635. [PMID: 36015261 PMCID: PMC9412861 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14081635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Creating supersaturating drug delivery systems to overcome the poor aqueous solubility of active ingredients became a frequent choice for formulation scientists. Supersaturation as a solution phenomenon is, however, still challenging to understand, and therefore many recent publications focus on this topic. This work aimed to investigate and better understand the pH dependence of supersaturation of telmisartan (TEL) at a molecular level and find a connection between the physicochemical properties of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) and the ability to form supersaturated solutions of the API. Therefore, the main focus of the work was the pH-dependent thermodynamic and kinetic solubility of the model API, TEL. Based on kinetic solubility results, TEL was observed to form a supersaturated solution only in the pH range 3–8. The experimental thermodynamic solubility-pH profile shows a slight deviation from the theoretical Henderson–Hasselbalch curve, which indicates the presence of zwitterionic aggregates in the solution. Based on pKa values and the refined solubility constants and distribution of macrospecies, the pH range where high supersaturation-capacity is observed is the same where the zwitterionic form of TEL is present. The existence of zwitterionic aggregation was confirmed experimentally in the pH range of 3 to 8 by mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szabina Kádár
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 3 Műegyetem rkp., 1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dóra Csicsák
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, 9 Hőgyes Endre Street, 1092 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Petra Tőzsér
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 3 Műegyetem rkp., 1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila Farkas
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 3 Műegyetem rkp., 1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Pálla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, 9 Hőgyes Endre Street, 1092 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Arash Mirzahosseini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, 9 Hőgyes Endre Street, 1092 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Blanka Tóth
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, 1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gergő Tóth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, 9 Hőgyes Endre Street, 1092 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Béla Fiser
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Miskolc, Miskolc-Egyetemváros, 3515 Miskolc, Hungary
- Ferenc Rákóczi II Transcarpathian Hungarian College of Higher Education, 90200 Berehove, Ukraine
| | - Péter Horváth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, 9 Hőgyes Endre Street, 1092 Budapest, Hungary
| | - János Madarász
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, 1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Alex Avdeef
- In-ADME Research, 1732 First Ave., #102, New York, NY 10128, USA
| | - Krisztina Takács-Novák
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, 9 Hőgyes Endre Street, 1092 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bálint Sinkó
- Pion Inc., 10 Cook Street, Billerica, MA 01821, USA
| | - Enikő Borbás
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 3 Műegyetem rkp., 1111 Budapest, Hungary
- Correspondence: (E.B.); (G.V.)
| | - Gergely Völgyi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, 9 Hőgyes Endre Street, 1092 Budapest, Hungary
- Correspondence: (E.B.); (G.V.)
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4
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Kádár S, Tőzsér P, Nagy B, Farkas A, Nagy ZK, Tsinman O, Tsinman K, Csicsák D, Völgyi G, Takács-Novák K, Borbás E, Sinkó B. Flux-Based Formulation Development-A Proof of Concept Study. AAPS J 2022; 24:22. [PMID: 34988721 PMCID: PMC8816521 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-021-00668-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The work aimed to develop the Absorption Driven Drug Formulation (ADDF) concept, which is a new approach in formulation development to ensure that the drug product meets the expected absorption rate. The concept is built on the solubility-permeability interplay and the rate of supersaturation as the driving force of absorption. This paper presents the first case study using the ADDF concept where not only dissolution and solubility but also permeation of the drug is considered in every step of the formulation development. For that reason, parallel artificial membrane permeability assay (PAMPA) was used for excipient selection, small volume dissolution-permeation apparatus was used for testing amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs), and large volume dissolution-permeation tests were carried out to characterize the final dosage forms. The API-excipient interaction studies on PAMPA indicated differences when different fillers or surfactants were studied. These differences were then confirmed with small volume dissolution-permeation assays where the addition of Tween 80 to the ASDs decreased the flux dramatically. Also, the early indication of sorbitol’s advantage over mannitol by PAMPA has been confirmed in the investigation of the final dosage forms by large-scale dissolution-permeation tests. This difference between the fillers was observed in vivo as well. The presented case study demonstrated that the ADDF concept opens a new perspective in generic formulation development using fast and cost-effective flux-based screening methods in order to meet the bioequivalence criteria. Graphical Abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Szabina Kádár
- Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 3 Műegyetem rkp, Budapest, 1111, Hungary
| | - Petra Tőzsér
- Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 3 Műegyetem rkp, Budapest, 1111, Hungary
| | - Brigitta Nagy
- Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 3 Műegyetem rkp, Budapest, 1111, Hungary
| | - Attila Farkas
- Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 3 Műegyetem rkp, Budapest, 1111, Hungary
| | - Zsombor K Nagy
- Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 3 Műegyetem rkp, Budapest, 1111, Hungary
| | - Oksana Tsinman
- Pion Inc., 10 Cook Street, Billerica, Massachusetts, 01821, USA
| | | | - Dóra Csicsák
- Semmelweis University, 9 Hőgyes Endre Street, Budapest, 1092, Hungary
| | - Gergely Völgyi
- Semmelweis University, 9 Hőgyes Endre Street, Budapest, 1092, Hungary
| | | | - Enikő Borbás
- Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 3 Műegyetem rkp, Budapest, 1111, Hungary.
| | - Bálint Sinkó
- Pion Inc., 10 Cook Street, Billerica, Massachusetts, 01821, USA.
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5
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Sinkó B, Bárdos V, Vesztergombi D, Kádár S, Malcsiner P, Moustie A, Jouy C, Takács-Novák K, Grégoire S. Use of an In Vitro Skin Parallel Artificial Membrane Assay (Skin-PAMPA) as a Screening Tool to Compare Transdermal Permeability of Model Compound 4-Phenylethyl-Resorcinol Dissolved in Different Solvents. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13111758. [PMID: 34834173 PMCID: PMC8625559 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Absorption through the skin of topically applied chemicals is relevant for both formulation development and safety assessment, especially in the early stages of development. However, the supply of human skin is limited, and the traditional in vitro methods are of low throughput. As an alternative, an artificial membrane-based Skin Parallel Artificial Membrane Permeability Assay (Skin-PAMPA) has been developed to mimic the permeability through the stratum corneum. In this study, this assay was used to measure the permeability of a model compound, 4-phenylethyl-resorcinol (PER), dissolved in 13 different solvents that are commonly used in cosmetic formulation development. The study was performed at concentrations close to the saturated solution of PER in each solvent to investigate the maximum thermodynamic potential of the solvents. The permeability of PER in selected solvents was also measured on ex vivo pig skin for comparison. Pig ear skin is an accepted alternative model of human skin. The permeability coefficient, which is independent of the concentration of the applied solution, showed a good correlation (R2 = 0.844) between the Skin-PAMPA and the pig skin permeation data. Our results support the use of the Skin-PAMPA to screen the suitability of different solvents for non-polar compounds at an early stage of formulation development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bálint Sinkó
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, H-1092 Budapest, Hungary; (B.S.); (V.B.); (D.V.); (P.M.)
- Pion Inc., Billerica, MA 01821, USA
| | - Vivien Bárdos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, H-1092 Budapest, Hungary; (B.S.); (V.B.); (D.V.); (P.M.)
| | - Dániel Vesztergombi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, H-1092 Budapest, Hungary; (B.S.); (V.B.); (D.V.); (P.M.)
| | - Szabina Kádár
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Petra Malcsiner
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, H-1092 Budapest, Hungary; (B.S.); (V.B.); (D.V.); (P.M.)
| | - Anne Moustie
- L’Oréal Research & Innovation, 93601 Aulnay-sous Bois, France; (A.M.); (C.J.); (S.G.)
| | - Chantal Jouy
- L’Oréal Research & Innovation, 93601 Aulnay-sous Bois, France; (A.M.); (C.J.); (S.G.)
| | - Krisztina Takács-Novák
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, H-1092 Budapest, Hungary; (B.S.); (V.B.); (D.V.); (P.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-3612155241
| | - Sebastien Grégoire
- L’Oréal Research & Innovation, 93601 Aulnay-sous Bois, France; (A.M.); (C.J.); (S.G.)
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Csicsák D, Borbás E, Kádár S, Tőzsér P, Bagi P, Pataki H, Sinkó B, Takács-Novák K, Völgyi G. Towards more accurate solubility measurements with real time monitoring: a carvedilol case study. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj01349a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Study of factors like type of polymorphs, pH and buffer composition influencing the equilibrium time of carvedilol using in situ UV-probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dóra Csicsák
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- Semmelweis University
- H-1092 Budapest
- Hungary
| | - Enikő Borbás
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology
- Budapest University of Technology and Economics
- Budapest
- Hungary
| | - Szabina Kádár
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology
- Budapest University of Technology and Economics
- Budapest
- Hungary
| | - Petra Tőzsér
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology
- Budapest University of Technology and Economics
- Budapest
- Hungary
| | - Péter Bagi
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology
- Budapest University of Technology and Economics
- Budapest
- Hungary
| | - Hajnalka Pataki
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology
- Budapest University of Technology and Economics
- Budapest
- Hungary
| | | | | | - Gergely Völgyi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- Semmelweis University
- H-1092 Budapest
- Hungary
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7
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Tempfli D, Borbás E, Pataki H, Csicsák D, Völgyi G, Sinkó B, Takács-Novák K. Revisit of solubility of oxytetracycline polymorphs. An old story in the light of new results. Eur J Pharm Sci 2020; 149:105328. [PMID: 32268199 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
In the literature the therapeutic nonequivalence of oxytetracycline hydrochloride (OTCH) capsules and tablets was attributed to the different aqueous solubility of polymorphs without their comprehensive study. Our aim was to reveal the effects of polymorphism on equilibrium solubility, dissolution kinetics and the supersaturation of two OTCH polymorphs (stable Form A and metastable Form B).The equilibrium solubility was measured in biorelevant pH range 4-7.4 by the standardized saturation shake-flask method. We also studied the solubility in SGF at pH 1.2 and the effect of the pH change from 1.2 to 5.0 on solubility. The dissolution was studied using real-time concentration monitoring with an ATR probe attached to a UV spectrophotometer (µDISS Profiler). A wide spectrum of solid phase analysis methods (SEM, IR, XRPD, Raman) was applied for characterization of polymorphs and to identify which form is present at the equilibrium solubility. Identical equilibrium solubility values were obtained at the same pHs in region 4.0-7.4 using the two polymorphs as starting materials. The XRPD analysis of the isolated solid phases proved that both polymorphic forms were converted to dihydrate form. In situ monitoring of the dissolution at pH 5.0 showed immediate dissolution, no difference in supersaturation, and short equilibration time for both forms indicating the immediate conversion. In SGF (pH 1.2) Form B dissolved better than Form A and showed significantly different dissolution kinetic and stability. A long-lasting, false chain-citation stating that Form B dissolves 28x better in water than Form A, was cut by the present study (i) revealing that the cited data was measured in IPA not in water, and (ii) proving that only the intrinsic solubility of OTC dihydrate can be measured in water due to conversion of polymorphs under the experimental conditions of solubility measurement. However this conversion is inhibited below pH 1.5, so the differences in solubility and dissolution kinetic found at pH 1.2 may contribute to the interpretation of the different serum-levels reported at solid formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dóra Tempfli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, Hőgyes Endre u. 9., Budapest H-1092 Hungary
| | - Enikő Borbás
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rakpart 3., Budapest, H-1111, Hungary
| | - Hajnalka Pataki
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rakpart 3., Budapest, H-1111, Hungary
| | - Dóra Csicsák
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, Hőgyes Endre u. 9., Budapest H-1092 Hungary
| | - Gergely Völgyi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, Hőgyes Endre u. 9., Budapest H-1092 Hungary
| | - Bálint Sinkó
- Pion Inc. Billerica, Massachusetts 01821, United States
| | - Krisztina Takács-Novák
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, Hőgyes Endre u. 9., Budapest H-1092 Hungary.
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Borbás E, Kádár S, Tsinman K, Tsinman O, Csicsák D, Takács-Novák K, Völgyi G, Sinkó B, Pataki H. Prediction of Bioequivalence and Food Effect Using Flux- and Solubility-Based Methods. Mol Pharm 2019; 16:4121-4130. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b00406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Enikő Borbás
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest H-1111, Hungary
| | - Szabina Kádár
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest H-1111, Hungary
| | | | - Oksana Tsinman
- Pion Inc, Billerica, Massachuesetts 01821, United States
| | - Dóra Csicsák
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest H-1092, Hungary
| | | | - Gergely Völgyi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest H-1092, Hungary
| | - Bálint Sinkó
- Pion Inc, Billerica, Massachuesetts 01821, United States
| | - Hajnalka Pataki
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest H-1111, Hungary
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9
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Borbás E, Tőzsér P, Tsinman K, Tsinman O, Takács-Novák K, Völgyi G, Sinkó B, Nagy ZK. Effect of Formulation Additives on Drug Transport through Size-Exclusion Membranes. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:3308-3317. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Enikő Borbás
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest 1111, Hungary
| | - Petra Tőzsér
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest 1111, Hungary
| | | | - Oksana Tsinman
- Pion Inc., Billerica, Massachusetts 01821, United States
| | | | - Gergely Völgyi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest 1092, Hungary
| | - Bálint Sinkó
- Pion Inc., Billerica, Massachusetts 01821, United States
| | - Zsombor K. Nagy
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest 1111, Hungary
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10
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Avdeef A, Fuguet E, Llinàs A, Ràfols C, Bosch E, Völgyi G, Verbić T, Boldyreva E, Takács-Novák K. Equilibrium solubility measurement of ionizable drugs – consensus recommendations for improving data quality. ADMET DMPK 2016. [DOI: 10.5599/admet.4.2.292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
<p class="ADMETabstracttext">This commentary addresses data quality in equilibrium solubility measurement in aqueous solution. Broadly discussed is the “gold standard” shake-flask (SF) method used to measure equilibrium solubility of ionizable drug-like molecules as a function of pH. Many factors affecting the quality of the measurement are recognized. Case studies illustrating the analysis of both solution and solid state aspects of solubility measurement are presented. Coverage includes drug aggregation in solution (sub-micellar, micellar, complexation), use of mass spectrometry to assess aggregation in saturated solutions, solid state characterization (salts, polymorphs, cocrystals, polymorph creation by potentiometric method), solubility type (water, buffer, intrinsic), temperature, ionic strength, pH measurement, buffer issues, critical knowledge of the pK<sub>a</sub>, equilibration time (stirring and sedimentation), separating solid from saturated solution, solution handling and adsorption to untreated surfaces, solubility units, and tabulation/graphic presentation of reported data. The goal is to present cohesive recommendations that could lead to better assay design, to result in improved quality of measurements, and to impart a deeper understanding of the underlying solution chemistry in suspensions of drug solids.</p>
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Horváth T, Ambrus R, Völgyi G, Budai-Szűcs M, Márki Á, Sipos P, Bartos C, Seres AB, Sztojkov-Ivanov A, Takács-Novák K, Csányi E, Gáspár R, Szabó-Révész P. Effect of solubility enhancement on nasal absorption of meloxicam. Eur J Pharm Sci 2016; 95:96-102. [PMID: 27260088 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2016.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Revised: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Besides the opioids the standard management of the World Health Organization suggests NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) alone or in combination to enhance analgesia in malignant and non-malignant pain therapy. The applicability of NSAIDs in a nasal formulation is a new approach in pharmaceutical technology. In order to enhance the nasal absorption of meloxicam (MX) as an NSAID, its salt form, meloxicam potassium monohydrate (MXP), registered by Egis Plc., was investigated in comparison with MX. The physico-chemical properties of the drugs (structural analysis, solubility and dissolution rate) and the mucoadhesivity of nasal formulations were controlled. In vitro and in vivo studies were carried out to determine the nasal applicability of MXP as a drug candidate in pain therapy. It can be concluded that MX and MXP demonstrated the same equilibrium solubility at the pH5.60 of the nasal mucosa (0.017mg/ml); nonetheless, MXP indicated faster dissolution and a higher permeability through the synthetic membrane. The animal studies justified the short Tmax value (15min) and the high AUC of MXP, which is important in acute pain therapy. It can be assumed that the low mucoadhesivity of MXP spray did not increase the residence time in the nasal cavity, and the elimination from the nasal mucosa was therefore faster than in the case of MX. Further experiments are necessary to prove the therapeutic relevance of this MXP-containing innovative intranasal formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamás Horváth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary; Goodwill Pharma Ltd., Szeged, Hungary
| | - Rita Ambrus
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gergely Völgyi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mária Budai-Szűcs
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Árpád Márki
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Biopharmacy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Péter Sipos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Csilla Bartos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Adrienn B Seres
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Biopharmacy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Anita Sztojkov-Ivanov
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Biopharmacy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | | | - Erzsébet Csányi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Róbert Gáspár
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Biopharmacy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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Balázs B, Vizserálek G, Berkó S, Budai-Szűcs M, Kelemen A, Sinkó B, Takács-Novák K, Szabó-Révész P, Csányi E. Investigation of the Efficacy of Transdermal Penetration Enhancers Through the Use of Human Skin and a Skin Mimic Artificial Membrane. J Pharm Sci 2016; 105:1134-40. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-3549(15)00172-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Revised: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Vizserálek G, Balogh T, Takács-Novák K, Sinkó B. PAMPA study of the temperature effect on permeability. Eur J Pharm Sci 2013; 53:45-9. [PMID: 24361474 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2013.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Revised: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this work was to investigate the temperature dependence of permeability measured by PAMPA method. The effective permeability (logPe) of seven drugs representing diverse structures and different acid-base properties was determined on three membrane models (GIT, BBB, Skin). The incubation temperature was varied in the range of 15-55 °C with ten degree steps. The intrinsic permeability (logP0) of the compounds is in linear relation with temperature (T). The slope of the logP0=aT+b regression equation is a good measure of the temperature effect on permeability. Results show intensive and significant temperature dependence of permeability influenced by the properties of the compounds and also by the selected PAMPA model. The Skin PAMPA(™) proved to be the most sensitive on temperature alteration, though GIT and BBB PAMPA results were also affected. The compound with acid function showed the lowest temperature dependence, while the permeability of bases increased considerably in response to the increasing temperature. The importance of human-relevant incubation conditions at in vitro assays is concluded for the better in vivo prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Vizserálek
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, 9 Hőgyes Endre Street, 1092 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Balogh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, 9 Hőgyes Endre Street, 1092 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Takács-Novák
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, 9 Hőgyes Endre Street, 1092 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bálint Sinkó
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, 9 Hőgyes Endre Street, 1092 Budapest, Hungary; SinkoLAB Scientific, 21 Nagyszőlős Street, Budapest, Hungary.
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Völgyi G, Marosi A, Takács-Novák K, Avdeef A. Salt Solubility Products of Diprenorphine Hydrochloride, Codeine and Lidocaine Hydrochlorides and Phosphates – Novel Method of Data Analysis Not Dependent on Explicit Solubility Equations. ADMET DMPK 2013. [DOI: 10.5599/admet.1.4.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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16
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Takács-Novák K, Szőke V, Völgyi G, Horváth P, Ambrus R, Szabó-Révész P. Biorelevant solubility of poorly soluble drugs: rivaroxaban, furosemide, papaverine and niflumic acid. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2013; 83:279-85. [PMID: 23770783 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2013.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2013] [Revised: 05/09/2013] [Accepted: 05/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In this work the biorelevant solubility of four drugs representing different acid-base property, wide range of lipohilicity and low aqueous solubility was studied. The equilibrium solubility of rivaroxaban (non-ionizable), furosemide (acid), papaverine (base) and niflumic acid (ampholyte) was determined in simulated gastric fluid (SGF pH 1.2), in simulated intestinal fluid fasted state (FaSSIF pH 6.5) and fed state (FeSSIF pH 5.0) and their corresponding blank buffers at a temperature of 37 °C using saturation shake-flask method. The concentration was measured by optimized HPLC analysis. The solubilizing effect of bile acid/lipid micelles as additive components of biorelevent media (BRM) is expressed with the solubility ratio (SR: SBRM/Sblank buffer) and the food effect was estimated from SFeSSIF/SFaSSIF coefficient. It was revealed that ionization plays primarily role in solubility of compounds which undergo ionization in BRM. The solubilizing effect in FaSSIF was marginal for the neutral compound (rivaroxaban) and for molecules are anionic at pH 6.5 (furosemide and niflumic acid). The higher concentration of solubilizing agents in FeSSIF improved the solubility of papaverine carrying positive charge and niflumic acid being partially zwitterionic at pH 5.0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krisztina Takács-Novák
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, H-1092 Hőgyes Endre street 9, Budapest, Hungary.
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Sinkó B, Garrigues TM, Balogh GT, Nagy ZK, Tsinman O, Avdeef A, Takács-Novák K. Skin–PAMPA: A new method for fast prediction of skin penetration. Eur J Pharm Sci 2012; 45:698-707. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2012.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2011] [Revised: 01/20/2012] [Accepted: 01/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Sinkó B, Pálfi M, Béni S, Kökösi J, Takács-Novák K. Synthesis and characterization of long-chain tartaric acid diamides as novel ceramide-like compounds. Molecules 2010; 15:824-33. [PMID: 20335949 PMCID: PMC6256927 DOI: 10.3390/molecules15020824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2010] [Revised: 02/01/2010] [Accepted: 02/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ceramides play a crucial role in the barrier function of the skin as well as in transmembrane signaling. In this study long aliphatic chain tartaric acid diamides able to replace ceramides in an in vitro model of the stratum corneum lipid matrix due to their similar physico-chemical properties were synthesized from diacetoxysuccinic anhydride in four steps. Their pro-apoptotic effect on fibroblast cells was also investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bálint Sinkó
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, Hőgyes E.u.9., Budapest H-1092, Hungary; E-Mails: (B.S.); (S.B.); (J.K.)
| | - Melinda Pálfi
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4., Budapest H-1089, Hungary; E-Mail: (M.P.)
| | - Szabolcs Béni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, Hőgyes E.u.9., Budapest H-1092, Hungary; E-Mails: (B.S.); (S.B.); (J.K.)
| | - József Kökösi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, Hőgyes E.u.9., Budapest H-1092, Hungary; E-Mails: (B.S.); (S.B.); (J.K.)
| | - Krisztina Takács-Novák
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, Hőgyes E.u.9., Budapest H-1092, Hungary; E-Mails: (B.S.); (S.B.); (J.K.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +36-1-215-5241; Fax: +36-1-217-0891
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Völgyi G, Béni S, Takács-Novák K, Görög S. Theoretical problems associated with the use of acetic anhydride as a co-solvent for the non-aqueous titration of hydrohalides of organic bases and quaternary ammonium salts. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2010; 51:18-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2009.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2009] [Accepted: 07/17/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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20
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Pintér G, Batta G, Kéki S, Mándi A, Komáromi I, Takács-Novák K, Sztaricskai F, Röth E, Ostorházi E, Rozgonyi F, Naesens L, Herczegh P. Diazo transfer-click reaction route to new, lipophilic teicoplanin and ristocetin aglycon derivatives with high antibacterial and anti-influenza virus activity: an aggregation and receptor binding study. J Med Chem 2009; 52:6053-61. [PMID: 19791806 DOI: 10.1021/jm900950d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Semisynthetic, lipophilic ristocetin and teicoplanin derivatives were prepared starting from ristocetin aglycon and teicoplanin psi-aglycon (N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl aglycoteicoplanin). The terminal amino functions of the aglycons were converted into azido form by triflic azide. Copper catalyzed 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction with lipophilic alkynes resulted in the title compounds. Two of the teicoplanin derivatives showed very good MIC and MBC values against various Gram-positive bacteria, including vanA enterococci. The aggregation and interaction of a n-decyl derivative with bacterial cell wall components was studied. One of the lipophilic ristocetin derivatives displayed favorable anti-influenza virus activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Pintér
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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Deák K, Takács-Novák K, Kapás M, Vastag M, Tihanyi K, Noszál B. Physico-chemical characterization of a novel group of dopamine D3/D2 receptor ligands, potential atypical antipsychotic agents. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2008; 48:678-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2008.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2008] [Revised: 06/24/2008] [Accepted: 06/24/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter I. Nagy
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry and the Center for Drug Design and Development, The University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606-3390, and Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, Högyes E. u. 9, H-1092 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gergely Völgyi
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry and the Center for Drug Design and Development, The University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606-3390, and Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, Högyes E. u. 9, H-1092 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Takács-Novák
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry and the Center for Drug Design and Development, The University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606-3390, and Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, Högyes E. u. 9, H-1092 Budapest, Hungary
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Baka E, Comer JE, Takács-Novák K. Study of equilibrium solubility measurement by saturation shake-flask method using hydrochlorothiazide as model compound. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2008; 46:335-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2007.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 267] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2007] [Revised: 10/08/2007] [Accepted: 10/25/2007] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Völgyi G, Vámos J, Takács-Novák K. A new RP-TLC method for logP determination of neutral compounds. Eur J Pharm Sci 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2007.05.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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26
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Box K, Völgyi G, Ruiz R, Comer J, Takács-Novák K, Bosch E, Ràfols C, Rosés M. Physicochemical Properties of a New Multicomponent Cosolvent System for the pKa Determination of Poorly Soluble Pharmaceutical Compounds. Helv Chim Acta 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.200790161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- György Szász
- a Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University of Medicine , Högyes E. u. 9., Budapest , H-1092 , Hungary
| | - Krisztina Takács-Novák
- a Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University of Medicine , Högyes E. u. 9., Budapest , H-1092 , Hungary
| | - József Kökösi
- a Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University of Medicine , Högyes E. u. 9., Budapest , H-1092 , Hungary
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Völgyi G, Ruiz R, Box K, Comer J, Bosch E, Takács-Novák K. Potentiometric and spectrophotometric pKa determination of water-insoluble compounds: validation study in a new cosolvent system. Anal Chim Acta 2006; 583:418-28. [PMID: 17386575 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2006.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2006] [Revised: 10/02/2006] [Accepted: 10/10/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
In this paper the validation of pKa determination in MDM-water mixtures is presented. The MDM-water mixture is a new multicomponent cosolvent mixture (consisting of equal volumes of methanol, dioxane and acetonitrile, as organic solvents) that dissolves a wide range of poorly water-soluble compounds. The cosolvent dissociation constants (p(s)Ka) of 50 chemically diverse compounds (acids, bases and ampholytes) were measured in 15-56 wt% MDM-water mixtures by potentiometric or spectrophotometric titration and the aqueous pKa values obtained by extrapolation. Three different extrapolation procedures were compared in order to choose the best extrapolation in MDM-water mixture using a sub-set of 30 water-soluble compounds. The extrapolated results are in good agreement with pKa values measured in aqueous medium. No significant difference was found among these extrapolation procedures thus the widely used Yasuda-Shedlovsky plot was proposed for MDM cosolvent also. Further we also present that the single point estimation based on measurement in 20%/v MDM-mixture using a general calibration equation may be suitable for rapid pKa determination in the early phase of drug research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gergely Völgyi
- Semmelweis University, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Högyes E. u. 9, H-1092 Budapest, Hungary
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Bárány ZB, Lõre A, Szász G, Takács-Novák K, Hermecz I. HPLC Investigation of 11-Amino Undecanoic Acid's Ion Pairing Ability on Fluoroquinolone Gyrase Inhibitors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/10826079408013477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zs. Budvári Bárány
- a Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University of Medicine , Budapest , Hungary
| | - A. Lõre
- a Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University of Medicine , Budapest , Hungary
| | - Gy. Szász
- a Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University of Medicine , Budapest , Hungary
| | - K. Takács-Novák
- a Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University of Medicine , Budapest , Hungary
| | - I. Hermecz
- b Chinoin Pharmaceutical Works , Budapest , Hungary
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Box KJ, Völgyi G, Baka E, Stuart M, Takács-Novák K, Comer JEA. Equilibrium versus kinetic measurements of aqueous solubility, and the ability of compounds to supersaturate in solution--a validation study. J Pharm Sci 2006; 95:1298-307. [PMID: 16552741 DOI: 10.1002/jps.20613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A novel potentiometric procedure has recently been described for rapid measurement of equilibrium aqueous solubility values of organic acids, bases, and ampholytes that form supersaturated solutions. In this procedure, the equilibrium solubility is actively sought by changing the concentration of the neutral form by adding HCl or KOH titrants and monitoring the rate of change of pH due to precipitation or dissolution in a process called Chasing Equilibrium. In this article, we seek to validate the procedure against a shake-flask protocol for solubility determination. A set of 16 small organic compounds, covering a wide range of solubilities was chosen for the study. Interestingly, while 10 compounds in the study were found to chase equilibrium, the others did not. Kinetic solubility data was also collected. It was noted that kinetic solubility was consistently higher than equilibrium solubility for chasers, but correlated well with equilibrium solubility for nonchasers. The ratio of kinetic to equilibrium solubility indicated a compound's ability to form supersaturated solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl J Box
- Sirius Analytical Instruments Ltd., Riverside, Forest Row Business Park, Forest Row, East Sussex RH18 5DW, United Kingdom
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Abstract
The fundamental physico-chemical parameters of sertraline, a potent selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor and reference compound in the development of new antidepressive agents, were determined. The thermodynamic solubility of the hydrochloride salt (S = 4.24 +/- 0.02 mg/ml) and the free base form (S = 0.002 mg/ml) was measured by the saturation shake-flask method. The co-solvent technique in methanol/water mixtures and the Yasuda-Shedlovsky extrapolation were applied for the determination of the dissociation constant (pKa = 9.16 +/- 0.02). The partition of sertraline was studied in octanol/water and alkane/water systems determining the logPoct and logPch)values by potentiometric and shake-flask methods, respectively. These experimental data were used to interpret the excellent pharmacokinetic properties of the molecule. The high lipophilicity value (logPoct = 4.30 +/- 0.01) of the nonionised form confirms the good absorption and distribution in the body. However, the good brain penetration can better be explained with the lack of polar interactions evidenced here by the zero DeltalogP (logPoct-logPch) value of sertraline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katalin Deák
- Semmelweis University, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, H-1092 Hogyes Endre street 9. Budapest, Hungary
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Rozmer Z, Perjési P, Takács-Novák K. Use of RP-TLC for determination of logPof isomeric chalcones and cyclic chalcone analogues. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2006. [DOI: 10.1556/jpc.19.2006.2.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Perjési P, Takács M, Osz E, Pintér Z, Vámos J, Takács-Novák K. In-Solution and On-Plate Light-Catalyzed E/Z Isomerization of Cyclic Chalcone Analogues. Lipophilicity of E- and Z-2-(X-Benzylidene)-1-Benzosuberones. J Chromatogr Sci 2005; 43:289-95. [PMID: 16053610 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/43.6.289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Some cyclic chalcone analogues [E-2-(X-benzylidene)-1-indanones, -tetralones, and -benzosuberones], on-plate UV light-catalyzed formation of new chromatographic spots, can be observed during thin-layer chromatography (TLC). Gas chromatographic (GC) analysis of selected derivatives indicates the formation of one new substance in each case. GC coupled with mass spectrometry and 1H NMR analysis of the samples reveals that the compounds formed are the respective Z-2-(X-benzylidene)-1-indanones, -tetralones, and -benzosuberones. Two-dimensional TLC shows that the E/Z isomerization is a reversible process. By means of the RP-TLC, the logarithm of n-octanol-water partition coefficient (log P) values of E- and Z-isomeric pairs of selected 2-(X-benzylidene)-1-benzosuberones is determined. The Z-isomers are less lipophilic than the E-isomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pál Perjési
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Pécs, H-7624 Pécs, Rókus str. 2, Hungary.
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Takács-Novák K, Kökösi J, Podányi B, Noszál B, Tsai RS, Lisa G, Carrupt PA, Testa B. Microscopic Protonation/Deprotonation Equilibria of the Anti-Inflammatory Agent Piroxicam. Helv Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19950780304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Nagy PI, Takács-Novák K. Tautomeric and conformational equilibria of biologically important (hydroxyphenyl)alkylamines in the gas phase and in aqueous solution. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2004. [DOI: 10.1039/b314924b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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37
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Barta-Szalai G, Gere A, Takács-Novák K, Domány G. Synthesis and studies of 1,2-dihydroquinoline derivatives as inhibitors of lipid peroxidation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003; 53:722-9. [PMID: 14650365 DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1299818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
A series of new spiro[naphto[2,1-c][2,7]naphtiridine-5,4'-piperidine] derivatives was prepared. Biochemical investigations revealed that all members of this series were potent inhibitors of both NADPH- and Fe(2+)-dependent lipid peroxidation (IC50 < 10 mumol/l) in rat brain microsomes and rat brain homogenate, respectively.
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Cao Y, Zhang M, Wu C, Lee S, Wroblewski ME, Whipple T, Nagy PI, Takács-Novák K, Balázs A, Torös S, Messer WS. Synthesis and biological characterization of 1-methyl-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridyl-1,2,5-thiadiazole derivatives as muscarinic agonists for the treatment of neurological disorders. J Med Chem 2003; 46:4273-86. [PMID: 13678406 DOI: 10.1021/jm0301235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Muscarinic agonists might be useful in the treatment of neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, chronic pain, and drug abuse. Previous studies identified a series of bis-1,2,5-thiadiazole derivatives of 1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridine with high activity and selectivity for muscarinic receptors. To develop compounds with improved central nervous system penetration, several new derivatives were synthesized and characterized for muscarinic receptor binding and activity. One ligand (11) exhibited agonist activity at M(1), M(2), and M(4) receptors, a selectivity profile suggesting potential utility in the treatment of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Cao
- Departments of Medicinal & Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Toledo, 2801 West Bancroft Street, Toledo, Ohio 43606, USA
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Anwair MAS, Károlyházy L, Szabó D, Balogh B, Kövesdi I, Harmat V, Krenyácz J, Gellért A, Takács-Novák K, Mátyus P. Lipophilicity of aminopyridazinone regioisomers. J Agric Food Chem 2003; 51:5262-5270. [PMID: 12926868 DOI: 10.1021/jf0343938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Ten pairs of pyridazinone regioisomers were prepared, and their lipophilicity was described by the logarithm of the octanol/water partition coefficient (log P) determined experimentally and calculated with prediction methods. The 4- and 5-(substituted amino)-3(2H)-pyridazinone regioisomers were synthesized by nucleophilic substitution of one of the chloro atoms of 4,5-dichloro-2-methyl-3(2H)-pyridazinone or its 6-nitro derivative. Structures of new compounds were proven by spectroscopic methods. The experimental log P values were obtained by a shake flask method in octanol and a Sörensen buffer (pH 7.4) solvent system. A consequent difference was found in the lipophilicity of regioisomers. For each isomer pair, the log P value of the 4-isomer was significantly (average by 0.75 log unit) higher than that of the 5-isomer. Some quantum chemical calculations as well as X-ray analysis of two pairs of regioisomers were also carried out to gain insight into the structural differences of regioisomers. The log P values were calculated by the fragmental approach KOWWIN and a QSPR analysis (3DNET). The a priori KOWWIN gave poor agreement, but with the programs KOWWIN with EVA (experimental value adjusted) and 3DNET, the results were generally in agreement with experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massud A S Anwair
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Semmelweis University, Hogyes E. u. 7-9, 1092 Budapest, Hungary
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40
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Nagy PI, Alagona G, Ghio C, Takács-Novák K. Theoretical conformational analysis for neurotransmitters in the gas phase and in aqueous solution. Norepinephrine. J Am Chem Soc 2003; 125:2770-85. [PMID: 12603166 DOI: 10.1021/ja028952n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The natural neurotransmitter (R)-norepinephrine takes the monocationic form in 93% abundance at the physiological tissue pH of 7.4. Ab initio and DFT/B3LYP calculations were performed for 12 protonated conformers of (R)-norepinephrine in the gas phase with geometry optimizations up to the MP2/6-311++G level, and with single-point calculations up to the QCISD(T) level at the HF/6-31G-optimized geometries. Four monohydrates were studied at the MP2/6-31G//HF/6-31G level. In the gas phase, the G1 conformer is the most stable with phenyl.NH(3)(+) gauche and HO(alc).NH(3)(+) gauche arrangements. A strained intramolecular hydrogen bond was found for conformers (G1 and T) with close NH(3)(+) and OH groups. Upon rotation of the NH(3)(+) group as a whole unit about the C(beta)-C(alpha) axis, a 3-fold potential was calculated with free energies for barriers of 3-12 kcal/mol at the HF/6-31G level. Only small deviations were found in MP2/6-311++G single-point calculations. A 2-fold potential was calculated for the phenyl rotation with free energies of 11-13 kcal/mol for the barriers at T = 310 K and p = 1 atm. A molecular mechanics docking study of (R)-norepinephrine in a model binding pocket of the beta-adrenergic receptor shows that the ligand takes a conformation close to the T(3) arrangement. The effect of aqueous solvation was considered by the free energy perturbation method implemented in Monte Carlo simulations. There are 4-5 strongly bound water molecules in hydrogen bonds to the conformers. Although hydration stabilizes mostly the G2 form with gauche phenyl.NH(3)(+) arrangement and a water-exposed NH(3)(+) group, the conformer population becomes T > G1 > G2, in agreement with the PMR spectroscopy measurements by Solmajer et al. (Z. Naturforsch. 1983, 38c, 758). Solvent effects reduce the free energies for barriers to 3-6 and 9-12 kcal/mol for rotations about the C(beta)-C(alpha) and the C(1)(ring)-C(beta) axes, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter I Nagy
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, The University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606-3390, USA.
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Eros D, Kövesdi I, Orfi L, Takács-Novák K, Acsády G, Kéri G. Reliability of logP predictions based on calculated molecular descriptors: a critical review. Curr Med Chem 2002; 9:1819-29. [PMID: 12369880 DOI: 10.2174/0929867023369042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Correct QSAR analysis requires reliable measured or calculated logP values, being logP the most frequently utilized and most important physico-chemical parameter in such studies. Since the publication of theoretical fundamentals of logP prediction, many commercial software solutions are available. These programs are all based on experimental data of huge databases therefore the predicted logP values are mostly acceptable - especially for known structures and their derivatives. In this study we critically reviewed the published methods and compared the predictive power of commercial softwares (CLOGP, KOWWIN, SciLogP/ULTRA) to each other and to our recently developed automatic QS(P)AR program. We have selected a very diverse set of 625 known drugs (98%) and drug-like molecules with experimentally validated logP values. We have collected 78 reported "outliers" as well, which could not be predicted by the "traditional" methods. We used these data in the model building and validation. Finally, we used an external validation set of compounds missing from public databases. We emphasized the importance of data quality, descriptor calculation and selection, and presented a general, reliable descriptor selection and validation technique for such kind of studies. Our method is based on the strictest mathematical and statistical rules, fully automatic and after the initial settings there is no option for user intervention. Three approaches were applied: multiple linear regression, partial least squares analysis and artificial neural network. LogP predictions with a multiple linear regression model showed acceptable accuracy for new compounds therefore it can be used for "in-silico-screening" and/or planning virtual/combinatorial libraries.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Eros
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Peptide Biochemistry Research Group, Semmelweiss University, Budapest, Hungary
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Dimmock JR, Zello GA, Oloo EO, Quail JW, Kraatz HB, Perjési P, Aradi F, Takács-Novák K, Allen TM, Santos CL, Balzarini J, De Clercq E, Stables JP. Correlations between cytotoxicity and topography of some 2-arylidenebenzocycloalkanones determined by X-ray crystallography. J Med Chem 2002; 45:3103-11. [PMID: 12086496 DOI: 10.1021/jm010559p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Three series of 2-arylidenebenzocycloalkanones 1-3 were prepared in order to compare the topography of the molecules with cytotoxicity. These compounds contain two aryl rings whose spatial relationships to each other were influenced by the size of the alicyclic ring and the nature of the substituents in the arylidene aryl rings. All compounds were evaluated against murine P388 and L1210 cells as well as human Molt 4/C8 and CEM T-lymphocytes. From these results, 1l and 2c,l emerged as useful lead molecules and 1l was shown to significantly inhibit macromolecular DNA, RNA, and protein syntheses in L1210 cells. Various interatomic distances, bond angles, and a torsion angle of 19 representative compounds were determined by X-ray crystallography, and correlations between these data and the cytotoxicity were noted in nearly 40% of the cases examined. Structure-activity relationships revealed that in general, the steric properties of the groups in the arylidene aryl ring, as revealed by measurements of the molar refractivity values, contributed more to bioactivity than the electronic and hydrophobic properties of the aryl substituents. The compounds displayed little murine toxicity, which favors the decision to develop these molecules as cytotoxic and anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan R Dimmock
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5C9, Canada.
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Károlyházy L, Szabó D, Anwair MA, Borosy AP, Takács-Novák K, Mátyus P. Lipophilicity of regioisomers: a case study on 3(2H)-pyridazinones. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0166-1280(01)00685-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Nagy PI, Takács-Novák K, Ramek M. Theoretical and Experimental Studies on Partitions of γ-Substituted Butyric Acids in Chloroform/Water and Dichloromethane/Water Systems. J Phys Chem B 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0100203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter I. Nagy
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, The University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606-3390, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, H-1092, Budapest, Hungary, and Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Technische Universität Graz, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Krisztina Takács-Novák
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, The University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606-3390, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, H-1092, Budapest, Hungary, and Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Technische Universität Graz, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Michael Ramek
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, The University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606-3390, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, H-1092, Budapest, Hungary, and Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Technische Universität Graz, A-8010 Graz, Austria
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Szárics E, Nyikos L, Barabás P, Kovács I, Skuban N, Temesváriné-Major E, Egyed O, Nagy PI, Kökösi J, Takács-Novák K, Kardos J. Quinazolone-alkyl-carboxylic acid derivatives inhibit transmembrane Ca(2+) ion flux to (+)-(S)-alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid. Mol Pharmacol 2001; 59:920-8. [PMID: 11259638 DOI: 10.1124/mol.59.4.920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Comparison of the kinetics of the inward Ca(2+) ion flux to (S)-alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid [(S)-AMPA] in cerebrocortical homogenates and that of the previously reported transmembrane Na(+) ion influx mediated by an AMPA receptor in hippocampal homogenates established that the agonist-induced opening of the AMPA receptor channels occurs in two kinetically distinguishable phases. Here we report that the 2-methyl-4-oxo-3H-quinazoline-3-acetic acid (Q1) inhibits the major slow-phase response specifically, whereas the acetyl piperidine derivative (Q5) is a more potent inhibitor of the fast-phase response. Both the quinazolone-3-propionic acid (Q2) and the quinazolone-3-acetic acid methyl ester (Q3) enhanced the slow-phase response to (S)-AMPA. The information provided by docking different Q1, Q2, and Q5 models at the ligand-binding core of iGluRs were used to define agonistic and antagonistic modes of interactions. Based on the effects of quinazolone-3-alkyl-carboxylic acid derivatives on specific [(3)H]Glu binding and kinetically distinguishable Ca(2+) ion permeability responses to (S)-AMPA and molecular modeling, the fast- and the slow-phase (S)-AMPA-elicited Ca(2+) ion fluxes were corresponded to different subunit compositions and degrees of S1S2 bridging interaction relative to substitution of kainate thereupon. Substitutions of agonists and antagonists into the iGluR2 S1S2 ligand binding core induced different modes of domain-domain bridging.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Szárics
- Department of Neurochemistry, Chemical Institute, Chemical Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
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Nagy PI, Takács-Novák K. Theoretical and Experimental Study on Ion-Pair Formation and Partitioning of Organic Salts in Octanol/Water and Dichloromethane/Water Systems. J Am Chem Soc 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/ja000355i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter I. Nagy
- Contribution from the Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, The University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606-3390, and Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, H-1092 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Takács-Novák
- Contribution from the Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, The University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606-3390, and Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, H-1092 Budapest, Hungary
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Takács-Novák K, Tam KY. Multiwavelength spectrophotometric determination of acid dissociation constants part V: microconstants and tautomeric ratios of diprotic amphoteric drugs. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2000; 21:1171-82. [PMID: 10708401 DOI: 10.1016/s0731-7085(99)00238-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The acid-base equilibria of several diprotic amphoteric drugs, namely, niflumic acid, norfloxacin, piroxicam, pyridoxine and 2-methyl-4-oxo-3H-quinazoline-3-acetic acid have been characterized in terms of microconstants and tautomeric ratios. A multiwavelength spectrophotometric (WApH) titration method for determination of acid dissociation constants (pKa values) of ionizable compounds developed previously was applied for this purpose. Microspeciation was investigated by three approaches: (1) selective monitoring of ionizable group by spectrophotometry, (2) deductive method and (3) k(z) method for determination of tautomeric ratio from co-solvent mixtures. The formulation for (3) has been derived and found to invoke fewer assumptions than a reported procedure (K. Takács-Novák, A. Avdeef, K.J Box, B. Podányi, G. Szász, J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 12 (1994) 1369-1377). It has been shown that the WApH technique, for such types of ampholytes, is able to deduce the microconstants and tautomeric ratios which are in good agreement with literature data.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Takács-Novák
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University of Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
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Takács-Novák K, Szász G. Ion-pair partition of quarternary ammonium drugs: the influence of counter ions of different lipophilicity, size, and flexibility. Pharm Res 1999; 16:1633-8. [PMID: 10554109 DOI: 10.1023/a:1018977225919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The ion-pair partition of quaternary ammonium (QA) pharmacons with organic counter ions of different lipophilicity, size, shape and flexibility was studied to elucidate relationships between ion-pair formation and chemical structure. METHODS The apparent partition coefficient (P') of 4 QAs was measured in octanol/pH 7.4 phosphate buffer system by the shake-flask method as a function of molar excess of ten counter ions (Y), namely: mesylate (MES), acetate (AC), pyruvate (PYRU), nicotinate (NIC), hydrogenfumarate (HFUM), hydrogenmaleate (HMAL), p-toluenesulfonate (PTS), caproate (CPR), deoxycholate (DOC) and prostaglandin E1 anion (PGE1). RESULTS Based on 118 of highly precise logP' values (SD< 0.05), the intrinsic lipophilicity (without external counter ions) and the ion-pair partition of QAs (with different counter ions) were characterized. Linear correlation was found between the logP' of ion-pairs and the size of the counter ions described by the solvent accessible surface area (SASA). The lipophilicity increasing effect of the counter ions were quantified and the following order was established: DOC approximate to PGE1 >> CPR approximate to PTS >> NIC approximate to HMAL >> PYRU approximate to AC approximate to MES approximate to HFUM. Analyzing the lipophilicity/molar ratio (QA:Y) profile, the differences in the ion-pair formation were shown and attributed to the differences in the flexibility/rigidity and size both of QA and Y. CONCLUSIONS Since the largest (in average, 300 X) lipophilicity enhancement was found by the influence of DOC and PGE1 and considerable (on average 40 X) increase was observed by CPR and PTS, it was concluded that bile acids and prostaglandin anions may play a significant role in the ion-pair transport of quaternary ammonium drugs and caproic acid and p-toluenesulfonic acid may be useful salt forming agents to improve the pharmacokinetics of hydrophilic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Takács-Novák
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweiss University of Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
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Almási J, Takács-Novák K, Kökösi J, Noszál B. Characterization of potential NMDA and cholecystokinin antagonists I. acid-base properties of 2-methyl-4-oxo-3H-quinazoline-3-alkyl-carboxylic acids at the molecular and submolecular levels. Int J Pharm 1999; 180:1-11. [PMID: 10089286 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-5173(98)00406-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The protonation macroconstants (log K) of 4(3H)-quinazolone (1) and two 2-methyl-4-oxo-3H-alkyl-quinazoline-3-carboxylic acid derivatives (2,3) were determined by pH-potentiometry. The acid-base chemistry of compounds 2 and 3, where proton-bindings take place in an overlapping fashion, was described in terms of protonation microconstants as well. Microspeciation was carried out by two means: UV-pH titration (selective, pH-dependent monitoring of the N1-binding site), and deductively (using a derivative compound as covalently fixed model of one of the protonation isomers). The microconstant values obtained by the two different methods are in agreement within 0.05 log K units. Microspeciation revealed remarkable differences between the two homologue compounds (2 and 3). The microconstant values show that insertion of a second methylene moiety into the aliphatic acid side-chain (1) increases the electron-density and most basicity parameters of both functional groups; (2) significantly modifies the extent of site-site interactions in the molecule; (3) opens new conformational preferences by N1 ring nitrogen-carboxylic group intramolecular hydrogen bond formation and (4) reverses the predominantly zwitterion-involved protonation pathway into a neutral form-involved pathway. These molecules exemplify that microconstant values allow the comparative prediction and quantitative evaluation of pharmacokinetic behaviour, and signify the fact that microspeciation is a powerful tool in the process of drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Almási
- Semmelweis University, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Hõgyes Endre utca 9, H-1092, Budapest, Hungary
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