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Liu MF, Ma RX, Cao XB, Zhang H, Zhou SH, Jiang WH, Jiang Y, Sun JW, Yang QT, Li XZ, Sun YN, Shi L, Wang M, Song XC, Chen FQ, Zhang XS, Wei HQ, Yu SQ, Zhu DD, Ba L, Cao ZW, Xiao XP, Wei X, Lin ZH, Chen FH, Shan CG, Wang GK, Ye J, Qu SH, Zhao CQ, Wang ZL, Li HB, Liu F, Cui XB, Ye SN, Liu Z, Xu Y, Cai X, Hang W, Zhang RX, Zhao YL, Yu GD, Shi GG, Lu MP, Shen Y, Zhao YT, Pei JH, Xie SB, Yu LG, Liu YH, Gu SS, Yang YC, Cheng L, Liu JF. [Incidence and prognosis of olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions related to infection of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron strain: a national multi-center survey of 35 566 population]. Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2023; 58:579-588. [PMID: 37339898 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20230316-00117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Objective: This cross-sectional investigation aimed to determine the incidence, clinical characteristics, prognosis, and related risk factors of olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions related to infection with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron strain in mainland China. Methods: Data of patients with SARS-CoV-2 from December 28, 2022, to February 21, 2023, were collected through online and offline questionnaires from 45 tertiary hospitals and one center for disease control and prevention in mainland China. The questionnaire included demographic information, previous health history, smoking and alcohol drinking, SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, olfactory and gustatory function before and after infection, other symptoms after infection, as well as the duration and improvement of olfactory and gustatory dysfunction. The self-reported olfactory and gustatory functions of patients were evaluated using the Olfactory VAS scale and Gustatory VAS scale. Results: A total of 35 566 valid questionnaires were obtained, revealing a high incidence of olfactory and taste dysfunctions related to infection with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron strain (67.75%). Females(χ2=367.013, P<0.001) and young people(χ2=120.210, P<0.001) were more likely to develop these dysfunctions. Gender(OR=1.564, 95%CI: 1.487-1.645), SARS-CoV-2 vaccination status (OR=1.334, 95%CI: 1.164-1.530), oral health status (OR=0.881, 95%CI: 0.839-0.926), smoking history (OR=1.152, 95%CI=1.080-1.229), and drinking history (OR=0.854, 95%CI: 0.785-0.928) were correlated with the occurrence of olfactory and taste dysfunctions related to SARS-CoV-2(above P<0.001). 44.62% (4 391/9 840) of the patients who had not recovered their sense of smell and taste also suffered from nasal congestion, runny nose, and 32.62% (3 210/9 840) suffered from dry mouth and sore throat. The improvement of olfactory and taste functions was correlated with the persistence of accompanying symptoms(χ2=10.873, P=0.001). The average score of olfactory and taste VAS scale was 8.41 and 8.51 respectively before SARS-CoV-2 infection, but decreased to3.69 and 4.29 respectively after SARS-CoV-2 infection, and recovered to 5.83and 6.55 respectively at the time of the survey. The median duration of olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions was 15 days and 12 days, respectively, with 0.5% (121/24 096) of patients experiencing these dysfunctions for more than 28 days. The overall self-reported improvement rate of smell and taste dysfunctions was 59.16% (14 256/24 096). Gender(OR=0.893, 95%CI: 0.839-0.951), SARS-CoV-2 vaccination status (OR=1.334, 95%CI: 1.164-1.530), history of head and facial trauma(OR=1.180, 95%CI: 1.036-1.344, P=0.013), nose (OR=1.104, 95%CI: 1.042-1.171, P=0.001) and oral (OR=1.162, 95%CI: 1.096-1.233) health status, smoking history(OR=0.765, 95%CI: 0.709-0.825), and the persistence of accompanying symptoms (OR=0.359, 95%CI: 0.332-0.388) were correlated with the recovery of olfactory and taste dysfunctions related to SARS-CoV-2 (above P<0.001 except for the indicated values). Conclusion: The incidence of olfactory and taste dysfunctions related to infection with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron strain is high in mainland China, with females and young people more likely to develop these dysfunctions. Active and effective intervention measures may be required for cases that persist for a long time. The recovery of olfactory and taste functions is influenced by several factors, including gender, SARS-CoV-2 vaccination status, history of head and facial trauma, nasal and oral health status, smoking history, and persistence of accompanying symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Liu
- Graduate School of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - R X Ma
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the First People's Hospital of Yinchuan, Yinchuan 750001, China
| | - X B Cao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650100, China
| | - H Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, China
| | - S H Zhou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - W H Jiang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Y Jiang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - J W Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Q T Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - X Z Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Y N Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - L Shi
- Department of Rhinology and Allergy, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250299, China
| | - M Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100032, China
| | - X C Song
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai 264000, China
| | - F Q Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - X S Zhang
- Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - H Q Wei
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - S Q Yu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical University, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - D D Zhu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
| | - L Ba
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xizang Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Lasa 850000, China
| | - Z W Cao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - X P Xiao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha 410005, China
| | - X Wei
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570311, China
| | - Z H Lin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - F H Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - C G Shan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - G K Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - J Ye
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - S H Qu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Nanning 530021, China
| | - C Q Zhao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shanxi Medical University Affiliated Second Hospital, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Z L Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, XuanWu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - H B Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - F Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - X B Cui
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010059, China
| | - S N Ye
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Z Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Y Xu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - X Cai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining 810000, China
| | - W Hang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - R X Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Y L Zhao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - G D Yu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - G G Shi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250021, China
| | - M P Lu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Y Shen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Y T Zhao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the First People's Hospital of Yinchuan, Yinchuan 750001, China
| | - J H Pei
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650100, China
| | - S B Xie
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - L G Yu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Y H Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - S S Gu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Y C Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - L Cheng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - J F Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
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Zheng CG, Jiang Y, Yu LG, Yan XD, Jiang LW, Zhang JS, Wang L. [Deep neck space infections: a retrospective cohort study of surgical risk factors]. Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2023; 58:59-63. [PMID: 36603868 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20220506-00253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To explore risk factors affecting treatment for deep neck space infections (DNSIs) so as to provide guidance for appropriate early managements. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on inpatients with DNSIs admitted to the Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from March 2013 to February 2021. Patients were divided into surgical and non-surgical groups based on whether they had surgery or not. Information collected included demographic data, disease-related signs and symptoms, treatment history, systemic comorbidities, imaging data and laboratory indicators. Hypothesis testing, univariate Logistic regression and multivariate Logistic regression were used for data processing. Resuts A total of 61 patients were included, including 37 males and 24 females, aged 6-96 years. There were 35 cases (57.4%) in the surgical group and 26 cases (42.6%) in the non-surgical group. Multivariate analysis showed that risk factors for surgery as followings: neck dyskinesia (OR=0.03, 95%CI: 0.00-0.24), dysphagia (OR=0.10, 95%CI: 0.02-0.72), serum white blood cell count≥16.74×109/L (OR=1.18, 95%CI: 1.01-1.39) and interspace gas (OR=0.03, 95%CI: 0.00-0.30). Conclusion: Clinicians should be alert to these risk factors for surgery in the course of treatment and timely surgical treatment for patients who meet the conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- C G Zheng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Y Jiang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Key Laboratory of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - L G Yu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Key Laboratory of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - X D Yan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Key Laboratory of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - L W Jiang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Key Laboratory of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - J S Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Key Laboratory of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - L Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Key Laboratory of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266000, China
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Soehartono AM, Yu LG, Khor KA. Essential signals in publication trends and collaboration patterns in global Research Integrity and Research Ethics (RIRE). Scientometrics 2022; 127:7487-7497. [PMID: 35755633 PMCID: PMC9206420 DOI: 10.1007/s11192-022-04400-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Amid an increasingly demanding research environment, there has been a growing interest in studies concerning Research Integrity and Research Ethics (RIRE). Between 1990 and 2020, over 9700 publications were published to address problematic research conduct such as falsification, plagiarism, and related protocols and standards. In this work, country-level trends and collaborative structures are examined with respect to economic group. Our results showed that RIRE publications are predominantly led by the West, with North America and Western Europe contributing the most. While there is interest within growing economies such as China, the pace is not comparable to its overall publications. However, international collaborations on RIRE grew to account for nearly 30% of all publications on the subject in 2020. Although there is a stronger preference for high income countries to collaborate with other high income countries, we observe a rise in partnerships between high-/middle-income and middle-/lower-income co-authorship pairs in the last decade. These trends point to a maturing global community with distributed knowledge transfer, towards more unified international standards for research ethics and integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Soehartono
- Talent Recruitment and Career Support (TRACS) Office and Bibliometrics Analysis, Nanyang Technological University, 76 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637331 Singapore
| | - L G Yu
- Talent Recruitment and Career Support (TRACS) Office and Bibliometrics Analysis, Nanyang Technological University, 76 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637331 Singapore
| | - K A Khor
- Talent Recruitment and Career Support (TRACS) Office and Bibliometrics Analysis, Nanyang Technological University, 76 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637331 Singapore
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Yu LG, Wang L, Zhang SN, Zhao LJ, Zhang ZX, Wang FF, Xia N, Jiang Y. [Transoral endoscopic resection of benign tumors in parapharyngeal space via medial pterygomandibular raphe approach]. Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2022; 57:36-41. [PMID: 35090207 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20210428-00236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the surgical methods and effects of transoral endoscopic resection of benign tumors in parapharyngeal space via medial pterygomandibular raphe approach. Methods: The clinical data of 23 patients who underwent resection of benign tumors in parapharyngeal space by endoscopic medial pterygomandibular raphe approach from January 2016 to July 2020 in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University were analyzed retrospectively. There were 14 males and 9 females with a median age of 43 years. The tumors were located in the anterior space of the styloid process in 13 cases and in the posterior space in 10 cases. The smallest tumor volume was 7.3 ml and the largest was 80.2 ml. The preoperative imaging features, the characteristics and risks of this approach in the operation were analyzed, and the feasible mode of operation was explored. Results: All patients completed the operation successfully. The intraoperative blood loss was 20 to 50 ml, with an average of 28.3 ml. The operation time was 40 to 110 min, with an average of 75.4 min. The incision length was 2 to 4 cm, with an average of 3.0 cm. The postoperative pain score was 2 to 4, with an average of 3.2. The postoperative hospital stay was 4 to 9 d, with an average of 6.7 d. Postoperative pathological diagnosis included pleomorphic adenoma (n=12), neurilemmoma (n=10) and basal cell adenoma (n=1). The patients were followed up for 6 to 60 months. There was no postoperative complication such as infection or serious bleeding, and there was no tumor recurrence after operation. Conclusion: Endoscopic resection of benign tumor in parapharyngeal space via medial pterygomandibular raphe approach is a safe, effective, and minimally invasive surgical method for the treatment of tumors in parapharyngeal space.
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Affiliation(s)
- L G Yu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery and Skull Base Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Key Laboratory of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - L Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery and Skull Base Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Key Laboratory of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - S N Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery and Skull Base Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Key Laboratory of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - L J Zhao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery and Skull Base Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Key Laboratory of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Z X Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery and Skull Base Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Key Laboratory of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - F F Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Medicine and Computer-assisted Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - N Xia
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Medicine and Computer-assisted Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Y Jiang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery and Skull Base Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Key Laboratory of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266000, China
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Khor KA, Yu LG. Revealing key topics shifts in thermal barrier coatings (TBC) as indicators of technological developments for aerospace engines. Scientometrics 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11192-020-03667-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Yu LG, Wang L, Zhao LJ, Zhang SN, Chen M, Cai L, Li N, Jiang Y. [Application of endoscopic resection of benign tumor in infratemporal fossa]. Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2020; 55:87-93. [PMID: 32074744 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-0860.2020.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the application of endoscopy and clinical effect of endoscopic resection of benign tumor in infratemporal fossa. Methods: The clinical data of 11 patients with benign tumors in infratemporal fossa admitted to the Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery and Skull Base Surgery of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from January 2016 to September 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 6 males and 5 females, with the age ranging from 11 to 63 years old. The main clinical manifestations were pharyngeal foreign body sensation, submaxillary pain, maxillofacial numbness and tongue numbness. Imaging examination showed that the tumor was round and had a clear boundary with the surrounding tissue. All the patients underwent endoscopic surgery. Appropriate surgical approach was selected according to the location of the tumor and its relationship with the internal carotid artery. The endoscopic surgical approaches included trans-oropharyngeal approach in 7 cases, trans-lateral pterygomandibular raphe approach in 1 case and trans-medial pterygomandibular raphe approach in 3 cases. The pathological results, prognosis, complications and relapse of patients were summarized through descriptive statistics. Results: The tumors were completely resected under endoscope in all patients, and there was no significant complication occurred after surgery. The average pain VAS score was 3.1 after surgery and average hospital stay was 5.9 d. The postoperative pathological diagnoses consisted of 6 cases of pleomorphic adenoma, 4 cases of neurilemmoma and 1 case of basal cell adenoma. All patients were followed up regularly from 6 to 39 months without recurrence of tumor. Conclusion: Endoscopic resection of benign tumors in infratemporal fossa has the advantages of minimal damage, rapid recovery, few complications, and definite curative effect, which can be used as an important alternative for surgical treatment of benign tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- L G Yu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Key Laboratory of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266003, China; Department of Skull Base Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - L Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Key Laboratory of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - L J Zhao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Key Laboratory of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266003, China; Department of Skull Base Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - S N Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Key Laboratory of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266003, China; Department of Skull Base Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - M Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Key Laboratory of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266003, China; Department of Skull Base Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - L Cai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Key Laboratory of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266003, China; Department of Skull Base Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - N Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Key Laboratory of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266003, China; Department of Skull Base Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Y Jiang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Key Laboratory of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266003, China; Department of Skull Base Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China; Department of Allergy, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
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Zhang SN, Jiang Y, Yu LG, Zhao LJ, Li LL, Zhang CY, Xu WR, Li N. [Clinical analysis of transnasal endoscopic repair of cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea]. Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2020; 33:1189-1195;1199. [PMID: 31914272 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2019.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective:To summarize the common clinical types of cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) rhinorrhea and key points of transnasal endoscopic repair of CSF rhinorrhea. To evaluate clinical effects. Method:In 29 patients with cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea, 9 patients with traumatic CSF rhinorrhea, 10 patients with spontaneous CSF rhinorrhea, 7 patients with CSF rhinorrhea after tumour excision, and 3 patients with iatrogenic CSF rhinorrhea. All the 29 patients were treated with transnasal endoscopic repair of CSF rhinorrhea. Result:There were 25 patients were successfully repaired at one time. Three patients developed intracranial infection and 2 patient developed pneumocephalus after surgery, all of them were cured with conservative treatment. All the patients who were followed-up for more than half a year had no recurrence. Conclusion:Transnasal endoscopic repair of CSF rhinorrhea is safe and effective, the success rate of operation is high, it is not easy to recur, and the complications are few. It can be used as the first choice for repairing of CSF rhinorrhea and effective prevention measures. Accurate location of leak, appropriate repair, effective reconstruction of the skull base, continuous drainage of the lumbar cistern when necessary and active prevention of intracranial infection are critical to the success of operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S N Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery/Nasal Skull Base Surgery,the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University,Shandong Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Qingdao,266000,China
| | - Y Jiang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery/Nasal Skull Base Surgery,the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University,Shandong Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Qingdao,266000,China
| | - L G Yu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery/Nasal Skull Base Surgery,the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University,Shandong Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Qingdao,266000,China
| | - L J Zhao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery/Nasal Skull Base Surgery,the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University,Shandong Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Qingdao,266000,China
| | - L L Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery/Nasal Skull Base Surgery,the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University,Shandong Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Qingdao,266000,China
| | - C Y Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery/Nasal Skull Base Surgery,the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University,Shandong Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Qingdao,266000,China
| | - W R Xu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery/Nasal Skull Base Surgery,the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University,Shandong Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Qingdao,266000,China
| | - N Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery/Nasal Skull Base Surgery,the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University,Shandong Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Qingdao,266000,China
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8
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Zhang SN, Jiang Y, Yu LG, Zhang CY, Zhao LJ, Li LL, Xu WR, Li N, Ju JB. [Analysis of clinical features of respiratory epithelial adenomatoid hamartoma in the nasal cavity]. Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2019; 54:373-376. [PMID: 31137098 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-0860.2019.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the clinical features of respiratory epithelial adenomatoid hamartoma (REAH) in the nasal cavity. Methods: Clinical datas of 23 patients, who were hospitalized in Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, from February 2016 to February 2018 with histopathologically proved REAH in the nasal cavity were reviewed. There were 18 males and 5 females, with the age range from 16 to 71 years old. The most common area, main symptoms, surgical methods and follow-up results were analyzed. Results: The most common area was olfactory cleft (21 cases), and the mainly symptom was nasal congestion (18 cases). All the patients received transnasal endoscopic surgery and had no recurrence during following-up from three months to one year. Conclusions: The most common area of REAH in the nasal cavity is the olfactory cleft. Histopathological result is needed to make a definite diagnosis. Complete surgical resection is the main treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- S N Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery/Nasal Skull Base Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Shandong Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Y Jiang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery/Nasal Skull Base Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Shandong Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - L G Yu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery/Nasal Skull Base Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Shandong Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - C Y Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery/Nasal Skull Base Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Shandong Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - L J Zhao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery/Nasal Skull Base Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Shandong Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - L L Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery/Nasal Skull Base Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Shandong Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - W R Xu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery/Nasal Skull Base Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Shandong Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - N Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery/Nasal Skull Base Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Shandong Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - J B Ju
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery/Nasal Skull Base Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Shandong Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Qingdao 266003, China
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9
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Fang Y, Wang GK, Zhao YL, Meng LZ, Dong D, Yu LG, Lu HY, Wan WJ, Wu ZF, Yin M, Cheng L. [Minutes of the 2018 China Rhinology Annual Meeting]. Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018; 53:875-879. [PMID: 30453416 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-0860.2018.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y Fang
- Editorial Office of Chinese Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese Medical Association, Beijing 100710, China
| | - G K Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Y L Zhao
- Department of Rhinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - L Z Meng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - D Dong
- Department of Rhinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - L G Yu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - H Y Lu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - W J Wan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Z F Wu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - M Yin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China; International Centre for Allergy Research, Nanjing Medical University, and the Institute of Allergy and Autoimmune Disease, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Research Institution, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - L Cheng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China; International Centre for Allergy Research, Nanjing Medical University, and the Institute of Allergy and Autoimmune Disease, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Research Institution, Nanjing 210029, China
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10
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Li N, Yu LG, Chen M, Yang L, Qin ZR, Jiang Y. [Clinical analysis of orbital complications due to rhinosinusitis in 28 cases]. Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2017; 52:664-669. [PMID: 28910890 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-0860.2017.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics of orbital complications due to rhinosinusitis and to provide the basis for the diagnosis and treatment of this disease. Methods: Retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 28 patients with orbital complications due to rhinosinusitis who were admitted into the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Department of Otorhinolaryngology from August 2009 to April 2017. In all 28 cases, there were 1 case with preseptal cellulites, 9 cases with orbital cellulites, 13 cases with subperiosteal orbital abscess and 5 cases with orbital abscess. Among all the patients, 9 were younger than 14. Two patients were in ages from 14 to 17 and 7 patients were at or above 18 years. Absolute medicine therapy was performed on 8 patients and combined therapy of operation and pharmacotherapy on 20 patients. Results: The patients were followed up for 2 to 19 months. Both the general symptoms and ocular symptoms disappeared and nasal ventilation function recovered well. Conclusions: The treatment for orbital complications of rhinosinusitis includes absolute medicine therapy and combined therapy of operation and pharmacotherapy. And the selection of treatment depends on disease stage. Timely diagnosis and reasonable treatment would be beneficial in the recovery of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Skull Base Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Key Laboratory of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266003, China
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11
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Abstract
The low temperature sintering behaviour of nanocrystalline Ag powder (with an average size of 70 nm) was characterized. Using spark plasma sintering (SPS), the Ag nanopowders can be successfully sintered at low pressure for only 5 min without external heating, and the sintering density increases and porosity decreases significantly with increase in the sintering temperature. Nanoindentation has been used to characterize the SPS sintered Ag samples. The mechanisms of the low sintering temperature behaviour of the nano-Ag powder and the nanoscale mechanical performance have been discussed. Compression tests were also used to characterize the mechanical properties of the sintered Ag sample with a maximum strain up to 15%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Q Fu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot Watt University, Edinburgh, UK.
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Yu LG, Yamaguchi ES, Kasrai M, Bancroft GM. The chemical characterization of tribofilms using XANES — Interaction of nanosize calcium-containing detergents with zinc dialkyldithiophosphate. CAN J CHEM 2007. [DOI: 10.1139/v07-045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A Plint friction and wear tester was used to investigate the effect of several calcium-containing detergents on the tribological and tribochemical performance of a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZDDP) lubricating oil additive in a low-sulfur base stock, 100N. Thus, the friction and wear behavior of a steel-on-steel contact lubricated by 100N oil containing ZDDP alone and ZDDP–detergent mixtures at 100 °C was evaluated in a pin-on-disc configuration. The wear scar width of the upper steel pins was determined using an optical microscope, while the tribofilms formed on the lower steel discs were analyzed using X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). At the same time, the thermal-oxidation films of the oil blends containing different additives were also prepared on the same steel discs and analyzed using XANES spectroscopy for comparative studies. It was found that in simple formulations the three kinds of calcium-containing detergents improved the friction-reducing and antiwear abilities of the 100N base stock. This was related to the individual tribochemical reactions and the deposition (in one case) of nanosized CaCO3 on the rubbing steel surface, indicating that the calcium-containing detergent had a synergistic antiwear performance with the ZDDP tested in the present work. Moreover, the calcium-containing detergents contributed to retarding the thermo-oxidation and friction-induced decomposition of ZDDP in 100N oil and influenced the composition and thickness of the tribofilms, which could be dependent on the molecular structures of the detergents and directly related to the tribochemistry of ZDDPs in mineral oil. The rubbing of the steel–steel pair at 100 °C was more beneficial for the deposition of nanosized calcium carbonate on the steel surface than heating at 150 °C. The calcium-containing detergents alone in the base stock also experienced tribochemical reactions, leading to obvious changes in the oxidation state of S in the corresponding tribofilms. Therefore, it was supposed that the tribochemical reactions of the ZDDP and detergents together with the deposition of nanosized CaCO3 on the rubbing steel surfaces accounted for the good antiwear performance of the blended oils.Key words: ZDDP, detergent, thermal film, tribofilm, tribochemistry, XANES, XPS.
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Yin Q, Kemp GJ, Yu LG, Wagstaff SC, Frostick SP. Expression of Schwann cell-specific proteins and low-molecular-weight neurofilament protein during regeneration of sciatic nerve treated with neurotrophin-4. Neuroscience 2001; 105:779-83. [PMID: 11516841 DOI: 10.1016/s0306-4522(01)00216-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Neurotrophin-4 acts as a potent survival factor for subpopulations of motoneurons. To investigate its effect on Schwann cell sheath and axonal proteins during peripheral nerve regeneration, sciatic nerves in adult rats were transected and repaired, and fibrin glue containing neurotrophin-4 injected around the repair site. At 5, 15, 30 and 60 days after repair, 5-mm nerve segments distal to the repair were collected, and western blotting was used to measure myelin-associated glycoprotein, myelin basic protein and low-molecular-weight neurofilament protein. In control groups these dramatically declined at 5 and 15 days then increased from 30 and 60 days. However, in the neurotrophin-4 group there was a significant increase (to several times basal values) in myelin-associated glycoprotein and myelin basic protein at 5-15 days. The relatively small increases (<7%) in Schwann cell numbers suggest that this is mainly due to increased synthesis per cell. The neurotrophin-4 group also showed a small but significant increase at 15 days in low-molecular-weight neurofilament protein, which however remained much lower than basal. We conclude that neurotrophin-4 regulates the expression of myelin-associated glycoprotein, myelin basic protein, and to a lesser extent low-molecular-weight neurofilament protein, during peripheral nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Yin
- Department of Musculoskeletal Science, University of Liverpool, UK.
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14
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Abstract
Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease (together known as Inflammatory Bowel Disease or IBD) are both associated with increased risk for colorectal cancer. Although it is conventional to emphasise differences between IBD-associated and sporadic colon cancer, such as a lower rate of Adenomatosis Polyposis Coli mutations and earlier p53 mutations, IBD-associated cancer has a similar dysplasia-cancer sequence to sporadic colon cancer, similar frequencies of major chromosomal abnormalities and of microsatellite instability and similar glycosylation changes. This suggests that IBD-associated colon cancer and sporadic colon cancer might have similar pathogenic mechanisms. Because the normal colon is arguably in a continual state of low-grade inflammation in response to its microbial flora, it is reasonable to suggest that both IBD-associated and sporadic colon cancer may be the consequence of bacteria-induced inflammation. We have speculated that the glycosylation changes might result in recruitment to the mucosa of bacterial and dietary lectins that might otherwise pass harmlessly though the gut lumen. These could then lead to increased inflammation and/or proliferation and thence to ulceration or cancer. The glycosylation changes include increased expression of onco-fetal carbohydrates, such as the galactose-terminated Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen (Gal beta1,3GalNAc alpha-), increased sialylation of terminal structures and reduced sulphation. These changes cannot readily be explained by alterations in glycosyltransferase activity but similar changes can be induced in vitro by alkalinisation of the Golgi lumen. Consequences of these changes may be relevant not only for cell-surface glycoconjugates but also for intracellular glycoconjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- B J Campbell
- Glycobiology Group, Henry Wellcome Laboratory of Molecular & Cellular Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 3BX, UK.
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15
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Leiper K, Campbell BJ, Jenkinson MD, Milton J, Yu LG, Democratis J, Rhodes JM. Interaction between bacterial peptides, neutrophils and goblet cells: a possible mechanism for neutrophil recruitment and goblet cell depletion in colitis. Clin Sci (Lond) 2001; 101:395-402. [PMID: 11566077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
Goblet cell depletion occurs in various forms of colitis, but its mechanism is unknown. We have investigated two linked hypotheses: (i) that bacterial peptides, such as formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP), interact with epithelial cells inducing the release of chemokines, including interleukin-8 (IL-8), which in turn leads to the recruitment of neutrophils which release mucin secretagogues; (ii) that fMLP acts directly on epithelial cells to cause mucus secretion. Studies were performed to measure the effects of fMLP on the synthesis and secretion of IL-8 and mucus by the goblet cell differentiated colon cancer cell lines HT29-MTX (methotrexate-conditioned HT29 colonic adenocarcinoma cell line) and LS174T, and to assess the effects of neutrophil-derived secretagogues on goblet cell secretion in these cell lines. fMLP (0.1 microM) increased the secretion of IL-8 by 105% (P<0.0001) in HT29-MTX cells and by 401% (P<0.0001) in LS174T cells. fMLP also increased the synthesis and secretion of mucins by these cell lines, with maximal effects of 65% above control values for synthesis (P<0.01) and 73% for secretion (P<0.01). A dose-related increase (up to 67%; P<0.01) in mucin secretion was demonstrated in HT29-MTX cells in response to incubation with supernatant from activated neutrophils. This effect was largely (83%; P<0.02) inhibited by ICI 200,355, a specific inhibitor of neutrophil elastase. In conclusion, the bacterial peptide fMLP and neutrophil elastase are both potent mucus secretagogues for colon epithelial cells. fMLP also elicits release of the potent neutrophil chemoattractant IL-8 from colon epithelial cells. These findings support the hypothesis that the mucosal inflammation and mucus depletion seen in ulcerative colitis could result from interaction between bacterial peptides and the mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Leiper
- Gastroenterology Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GA, U.K
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Singh R, Campbell BJ, Yu LG, Fernig DG, Milton JD, Goodlad RA, FitzGerald AJ, Rhodes JM. Cell surface-expressed Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen in colon cancer is predominantly carried on high molecular weight splice variants of CD44. Glycobiology 2001; 11:587-92. [PMID: 11447138 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/11.7.587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased mucosal expression of TF, the Thomsen-Friedenreich oncofetal blood group antigen (galactose beta1-3 N-acetylgalactosamine alpha-) occurs in colon cancer and colitis. This allows binding of TF-specific lectins, such as peanut agglutinin (PNA), which is mitogenic to the colorectal epithelium. To identify the cell surface TF-expressing glycoprotein(s), HT29 and Caco2 colon cancer cells were surface-labeled with Na[(125)I] and subjected to PNA-agarose affinity purification and electrophoresis. Proteins, approximately 110-180 kDa, present in HT29 but not Caco2 were identified by Western blotting as high molecular weight splice variants of CD44 (CD44v). Selective removal of TF antigen by Streptococcus pneumoniae endo-alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase substantially reduced PNA binding to CD44v. Immunoprecipitated CD44v from HT29 cell extracts also expressed sialyl-Tn (sialyl 2-6 N-acetylgalactosaminealpha-). Incubation of PNA 15 microg/ml with HT29 cells caused no additional proliferative effect in the presence of anti-CD44v6 mAb. In colon cancer tissue extracts (N = 3) PNA bound to CD44v but not to standard CD44. These data show that CD44v is a major PNA-binding glycoprotein in colon cancer cells. Because CD44 high molecular weight splice variants are present in colon cancer and inflammatory bowel disease tissue but are absent from normal mucosa, these results may also explain the increased PNA reactivity in colon cancer and inflammatory bowel disease. The coexpression of oncofetal carbohydrate antigens TF and sialyl-Tn on CD44 splice variants provides a link between cancer-associated changes in glycosylation and CD44 splicing, both of which correlate with increased metastatic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Singh
- Department of Medicine, University of Liverpool, Daulby Street, Liverpool L69 3GA, UK
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17
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Abstract
Increased cell surface expression of the Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen (TF antigen, Galbeta1-3GalNAcalpha-) is a common feature in malignant and pre-malignant epithelia. Our previous studies have shown that dietary TF-binding lectins from peanut (Arachis hypogea) and edible mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) produce marked but different effects on human intestinal epithelial cell proliferation. This study investigates the proliferative effects of the other two known dietary TF-binding lectins: jacalin (Artocarpus integrifolia, JAC) and amaranth lectin (Amaranthus caudatus, ACA). JAC produced dose-dependent and non-cytotoxic inhibition of proliferation in HT29 human colon cancer cells with maximal effects of 46 +/- 4% at 20 microg/ml, whereas ACA produced dose-dependent stimulation of proliferation with maximal effects of 22 +/- 3% at 20 microg/ml when assessed both by incorporation of [3H]thymidine into DNA and by cell counting. The lectin-mediated effects were inhibitable by the presence of appropriate Galbeta1-3GalNAc-expressing glycoproteins but differences existed between JAC and ACA in their patterns of inhibition by such substances. Ligand binding equilibrium studies using iodinated lectins revealed different Kd of the two lectins for HT29 cell surface glycoproteins. Lectin blots of cell membrane extracts showed different binding patterns in all the four TF-binding lectins. These results provide further evidence that dietary TF-binding lectins can have marked effects on the proliferation of human malignant gastro-intestinal epithelial cells and hence may play a role in intestinal cancer development, and also show that the biological effects of dietary lectins cannot be predicted solely from their carbohydrate binding properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- L G Yu
- Department of Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GA, United Kingdom.
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Abstract
Neurotrophin-4 (NT-4) is a recently identified neurotrophic factor with potential trophic effects on subpopulations of neurons. Little is known about its role in peripheral nerve regeneration following nerve injury. To investigate this, 48 Sprague-Dawley rats underwent left sciatic nerve transection and immediate repair. Fibrin glue mixed with either NT-4 or vehicle (control) was injected around the nerve repair site. Nerve regeneration was assessed both functionally and histomorphometrically. The results showed that the NT-4-treated group had a significant increase compared with the control in the regeneration distance at 5 days. The sciatic function index was significantly greater in the NT-4 group from 40 to 60 days after nerve repair. Morphometric analysis revealed that nerves treated with NT-4 had significant improvement in the number of regenerated axons, axonal diameter, and myelin thickness. These results suggest that NT-4 is a potent factor improving rat sciatic nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Yin
- Department of Musculoskeletal Science, University of Liverpool, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool L69 3GA, UK.
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19
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Abstract
Our previous studies have shown that the Galbeta1-3GalNAcalpha- (Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen)-binding lectin from the common edible mushroom Agaricus bisporus (ABL) reversibly inhibits cell proliferation, and this effect is a consequence of inhibition of nuclear localization sequence-dependent nuclear protein import after ABL internalization [Yu, L.G., Fernig, D.G., White, M.R.H., Spiller, D.G., Appleton, P., Evans, R.C., Grierson, I., Smith, J.A., Davies, H., Gerasimenko, O.V., Petersen, O.H., Milton, J.D. & Rhodes, J.M. (1999) J. Biol. Chem. 274, 4890-4899]. Here, we have investigated further the intracellular trafficking and fate of ABL after internalization in HT29 human colon cancer cells. Internalization of 125I-ABL occurred within 30 min of the lectin being bound to the cell surface. Subcellular fractionation after pulse labelling of the cells with 125I-ABL for 2 h at 4 degrees C followed by culture of the cells at 37 degrees C demonstrated a steady increase in radioactivity in a crude nuclear extract. The radioactivity in this extract reached a maximum after 10 h and declined after 20 h. Release of ABL from the cell, after pulse labelling, was assessed using both fluorescein isothiocyanate-labelled ABL and 125I-ABL and was slow, with a t1/2 of 48 h. Most of the 125I-ABL both inside cells and in the medium remained intact, as determined by trichloroacetic acid precipitation and SDS/PAGE, and after 48 h only 22 +/- 2% of ABL in the medium and 14 +/- 2% inside the cells was degraded. This study suggests that the reversibility of the antiproliferative effect of ABL is associated with its release from cells after internalization. The internalization and subsequent slow release, with little degradation of ABL, reflects the tendency of lectins to resist biodegradation and implies that other endogenous or exogenous lectins may be processed in this way by intestinal epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- L G Yu
- Department of Medicine and School of Biological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GA, UK
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Wenkel H, Kent D, Hiscott P, Batterbury M, Groenewald C, Sheridan CM, Yu LG, Milton J. Modulation of retinal pigment epithelial cell behavior by Agaricus bisporus lectin. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1999; 40:3058-62. [PMID: 10549674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine whether Agaricus bisporus lectin (ABL) binds retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPEs), to conduct a preliminary viability study of RPEs exposed to ABL, and to evaluate the effects of ABL on RPE proliferation and RPE-mediated matrix contraction in vitro. METHODS Using cultured bovine RPEs, immunohistochemistry was used to study ABL binding. Morphologic and trypan blue exclusion techniques were used for toxicity studies. The effect of ABL on RPE proliferation was investigated by [methyl-3H]-thymidine incorporation. The effect of ABL on RPE-mediated matrix contraction was evaluated with RPE-populated three-dimensional collagen matrices. RESULTS ABL bound to RPE cells. This binding was inhibited by asialomucin. No change in RPE morphology or trypan blue exclusion compared with controls was observed in RPEs incubated with 5 to 60 microg/ml ABL for 3 days. Twenty-four-hour incubations of RPEs with ABL significantly inhibited RPE proliferation in a dose-dependent way, 40 microg/ml ABL inhibited proliferation by 83% (SE 14, P<0.05). ABL showed a dose-dependent significant inhibition of RPE-mediated collagen matrix contraction over 3 days, with 93% inhibition compared with controls by 40 microg/ml lectin (P<0.05). The inhibitory effect of ABL on proliferation and gel contraction was partly reversible after eliminating ABL from the culture medium. CONCLUSIONS Bovine RPE cells bind ABL, and preliminary evaluations suggest that levels of ABL that are nontoxic to the cells potently inhibit RPE proliferation and RPE-mediated matrix contraction. ABL deserves further investigation as a potential inhibitor of RPE proliferation and cell-mediated matrix contraction in anomalous reparative processes such as proliferative vitreoretinopathy and as a laboratory tool for RPE behavioral studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Wenkel
- Department of Medicine, University of Liverpool, UK.
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21
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Yu LG, Fernig DG, White MR, Spiller DG, Appleton P, Evans RC, Grierson I, Smith JA, Davies H, Gerasimenko OV, Petersen OH, Milton JD, Rhodes JM. Edible mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) lectin, which reversibly inhibits epithelial cell proliferation, blocks nuclear localization sequence-dependent nuclear protein import. J Biol Chem 1999; 274:4890-9. [PMID: 9988731 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.274.8.4890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The Galbeta1-3GalNAcalpha (TF antigen)-binding lectin (ABL) from the common edible mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) has a potent anti-proliferative effect without any apparent cytotoxicity. This unusual combination of properties prompted investigation of its mechanism of action. In contrast to soluble lectin, agarose-immobilized, and hence noninternalizable ABL had no effect on proliferation of HT29 colon cancer cells. Electron microscopy of HT29 cells incubated with fluorescein- and gold-conjugated ABL showed internalization of the lectin into endocytotic vesicles and multivesicular bodies. Confocal microscopy showed perinuclear accumulation of fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated lectin, which also inhibits HT29 cell proliferation, raising the possibility that the lectin might interfere with nuclear pore function. Transport of heat shock protein 70 into the nucleus in response to heat shock was blocked by preincubation of HT29 cells for 6 h with 40 micrograms/ml ABL. In digitonin-permeabilized cells, nuclear uptake of bovine albumin conjugated to a nuclear localization sequence (NLS)-containing peptide was also inhibited by a 15-min preincubation with 40-100 micrograms/ml ABL. In contrast, serum-stimulated nuclear translocation of mitogen-activated protein kinase, which is NLS-independent, was not affected by pretreatment of cells with the lectin. These results suggest that the anti-proliferative effect of ABL is likely to be a consequence of the lectin trafficking to the nuclear periphery, where it blocks NLS-dependent protein uptake into the nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- L G Yu
- Department of Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GA, United Kingdom
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Yu LG, Jansson B, Fernig DG, Milton JD, Smith JA, Gerasimenko OV, Jones M, Rhodes JM. Stimulation of proliferation in human colon cancer cells by human monoclonal antibodies against the TF antigen (galactose beta1-3 N-acetyl-galactosamine). Int J Cancer 1997; 73:424-31. [PMID: 9359491 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0215(19971104)73:3<424::aid-ijc18>3.0.co;2-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In many tissues, the TF (Thomsen-Friedenreich) blood group antigen (Galbeta1-3GalNAc alpha-) behaves as an onco-foetal carbohydrate antigen, showing increased expression in malignancy and hyperplasia. Dietary lectins which bind the TF antigen have marked effects on proliferation of epithelial cells without cytotoxicity. This led us to speculate that anti-TF antibodies, including those that naturally occur in humans, might have similar effects. Five anti-TF antibodies, TF2 (human), TF5 (human), 5A8 (mouse), 8D8 (mouse) and BM22 (mouse), but not TFI (human) or 49H.9 (mouse), showed marked dose-dependent stimulation (95-192%) of [3H]thymidine incorporation by HT29 human colon cancer cells. Similar stimulation of proliferation of HT29 cells by these monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) was found when cell count assessment was used. Antibody-stimulated proliferation was inhibited by co-incubation with glycoproteins expressing Galbeta1-3GalNAc alpha- (asialo glycophorin or [Galbeta1-3GalNAc alpha-O-p-aminophenyl]n-human serum albumin). A proliferative effect of these antibodies was also demonstrated on human colon cancer cell lines LS174T and HT29-MTX but not on Caco-2 cells. Although immunoblotting showed similar binding patterns of all the antibodies on HT29 cell membrane extracts, there was little correlation between cell surface binding assessed by immunofluorescence and proliferative response, and internalization of the biotinylated antibody TF5 was demonstrated by confocal microscopy. Our results provide further evidence that cell surface glycoproteins which express TF antigen may play an important role in the regulation of cell proliferation and also suggest that human anti-TF antibodies may have proliferative effects on cells which express TF antigen.
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Affiliation(s)
- L G Yu
- Department of Medicine, University of Liverpool, UK.
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Finnie IA, Campbell BJ, Taylor BA, Milton JD, Sadek SK, Yu LG, Rhodes JM. Stimulation of colonic mucin synthesis by corticosteroids and nicotine. Clin Sci (Lond) 1996; 91:359-64. [PMID: 8869420 DOI: 10.1042/cs0910359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
1. We speculated that corticosteroids might cause beneficial stimulation of mucus synthesis, since this is a known action of carbenoxolone, itself a corticosteroid, and has also been proposed as a possible mechanism for the protective effect of smoking on ulcerative colitis. We have therefore compared the effects of corticosteroids including carbenoxolone, and nicotine on mucin synthesis, assessed by incorporation of N-[3H]acetylglucosamine into mucin by colonic epithelial biopsies in culture. 2. In histologically normal biopsies from the left colon, hydrocortisone and prednisolone caused a very marked concentration-dependent increase in mucin synthesis, with maximal effect (580 and 300% of control values respectively) at 6 mumol/l [P < 0.001, n = 35 biopsies (seven patients)] and 1.5 mumol/l [P < 0.001, n = 35 (seven patients)] respectively. The maximal effect of hydrocortisone was significantly greater than that of prednisolone (P < 0.05). Carbenoxolone, 0.17 mmol/l, also increased mucin synthesis in the left colon by 242% [P < 0.05, n = 15 (three patients)]. In contrast, these corticosteroids caused only a small, non-significant increase in mucin synthesis in the histologically normal right colon; fludrocortisone, 2 and 20 mumol/l, and aldosterone, 0.1-10 mumol/l, had no effect. Nicotine significantly increased mucin synthesis (180-220% of control values) between 62.5 nmol/l and 6.25 mumol/l (P < 0.05 at all concentrations) in both the right and left colon. In biopsies from the relatively uninvolved right colon of patients with ulcerative colitis, corticosteroids and nicotine caused relatively smaller increases in mucin synthesis. 3. The marked stimulation of mucin synthesis by corticosteroids suggests that this may account, at least in part, for their therapeutic effect in ulcerative colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- I A Finnie
- Department of Medicine, University of Liverpool, U.K
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Dwarakanath AD, Yu LG, Brookes C, Pryce D, Rhodes JM. 'Sticky' neutrophils, pathergic arthritis, and response to heparin in pyoderma gangrenosum complicating ulcerative colitis. Gut 1995; 37:585-8. [PMID: 7489951 PMCID: PMC1382916 DOI: 10.1136/gut.37.4.585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Pyoderma gangrenosum is strongly associated with inflammatory bowel disease and exhibits pathergy, occurring at sites of previous minor trauma. A patient is presented with a 21 year history of extensive ulcerative colitis, who developed pyoderma gangrenosum and arthralgia while receiving high dose corticosteroids for active ulcerative colitis. The arthralgia exhibited pathergy affecting particularly the left temporomandibular joint, which was stressed by an asymmetric bite, and the left elbow, which had been fractured many years previously. This prompted the hypothesis that neutrophils in this condition may be marginated, as a result of increased stickiness of either the neutrophil or the vascular endothelium. The introduction of heparin therapy was associated with rapid resolution of the arthralgia, pyoderma gangrenosum, and ulcerative colitis.
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