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Koletti A, Skliros D, Kalloniati C, Marka S, Zografaki ME, Infante C, Mantecón L, Flemetakis E. Global omics study of Tetraselmis chuii reveals time-related metabolic adaptations upon oxidative stress. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:138. [PMID: 38229403 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12936-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Microalgae species encounter oxidative stress in their natural environments, prompting the development of species-specific adaptation mechanisms. Understanding these mechanisms can offer valuable insights for biotechnological applications in microalgal metabolic manipulation. In this study, we investigated the response of Tetraselmis chuii, an industrially important microalga, to H2O2-induced oxidative stress. Exposure to 0.5-mM H2O2 resulted in reduced cell viability, and higher concentrations led to a drastic decline. After 1 h of exposure to H2O2, photosynthetic capacity (Qy) was negatively impacted, and this reduction intensified after 6 h of continuous stress. Global multi-omics analysis revealed that T. chuii rapidly responded to H2O2-induced oxidative stress within the first hour, causing significant changes in both transcriptomic and metabolomic profiles. Among the cellular functions negatively affected were carbon and energy flow, with photosynthesis-related PSBQ having a 2.4-fold downregulation, pyruvate kinase decreased by 1.5-fold, and urea content reduced by threefold. Prolonged exposure to H2O2 incurred a high energy cost, leading to unsuccessful attempts to enhance carbon metabolism, as depicted, for example, by the upregulation of photosystems-related PETC and PETJ by more than twofold. These findings indicate that T. chuii quickly responds to oxidative stress, but extended exposure can have detrimental effects on its cellular functions. KEY POINTS: • 0.5-mM H2O2-induced oxidative stress strongly affects T. chuii • Distinct short- and long-term adaptation mechanisms are induced • Major metabolic adaptations occur within the first hour of exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aikaterini Koletti
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Biology and Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Skliros
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Biology and Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855, Athens, Greece
| | - Chrysanthi Kalloniati
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of the Aegean, University Hill 81100, Mytilene, Greece
| | - Sofia Marka
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Biology and Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria-Eleftheria Zografaki
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Biology and Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855, Athens, Greece
| | - Carlos Infante
- Fitoplancton Marino, S.L., Dársena Comercial S/N (Muelle Pesquero), 11500, El Puerto de Santa María (Cádiz), Spain
| | - Lalia Mantecón
- Fitoplancton Marino, S.L., Dársena Comercial S/N (Muelle Pesquero), 11500, El Puerto de Santa María (Cádiz), Spain
| | - Emmanouil Flemetakis
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Biology and Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855, Athens, Greece.
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Carnovale G, Lama C, Torres S, Rosa F, Mantecón L, Horn SJ, Skjånes K, Infante C. Metabolic pathways for biosynthesis and degradation of starch in Tetraselmis chui during nitrogen deprivation and recovery. Bioresour Technol 2022; 354:127222. [PMID: 35477101 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Tetraselmis chui is known to accumulate starch when subjected to stress. This phenomenon is widely studied for the purpose of industrial production and process development. Yet, knowledge about the metabolic pathways involved is still immature. Hence, in this study, transcription of 27 starch-related genes was monitored under nitrogen deprivation and resupply in 25 L tubular photobioreactors. T. chui proved to be an efficient starch producer under nitrogen deprivation, accumulating starch up to 56% of relative biomass content. The prolonged absence of nitrogen led to an overall down-regulation of the tested genes, in most instances maintained even after nitrogen replenishment when starch was actively degraded. These gene expression patterns suggest post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms play a key role in T. chui under nutrient stress. Finally, the high productivity combined with an efficient recovery after nitrogen restitution makes this species a suitable candidate for industrial production of high-starch biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Carnovale
- Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), Division of Biotechnology and Plant Health, PO 115, NO-1431 Ås, Norway; Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, P.O. Box 5003, NO-1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Carmen Lama
- Fitoplancton Marino, S.L., Dársena comercial s/n (Muelle pesquero), 11500 El Puerto de Santa María, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Sonia Torres
- Fitoplancton Marino, S.L., Dársena comercial s/n (Muelle pesquero), 11500 El Puerto de Santa María, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Filipa Rosa
- Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), Division of Biotechnology and Plant Health, PO 115, NO-1431 Ås, Norway
| | - Lalia Mantecón
- Fitoplancton Marino, S.L., Dársena comercial s/n (Muelle pesquero), 11500 El Puerto de Santa María, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Svein Jarle Horn
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, P.O. Box 5003, NO-1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Kari Skjånes
- Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), Division of Biotechnology and Plant Health, PO 115, NO-1431 Ås, Norway.
| | - Carlos Infante
- Fitoplancton Marino, S.L., Dársena comercial s/n (Muelle pesquero), 11500 El Puerto de Santa María, Cádiz, Spain
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Anjos L, Estêvão J, Infante C, Mantecón L, Power DM. Extracting protein from microalgae (Tetraselmis chuii) for proteome analysis. MethodsX 2022; 9:101637. [PMID: 35242618 PMCID: PMC8886058 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2022.101637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Torres S, Lama C, Mantecón L, Flemetakis E, Infante C. Selection and validation of reference genes for quantitative real-time PCR in the green microalgae Tetraselmis chui. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0245495. [PMID: 33444403 PMCID: PMC7808622 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) is a highly sensitive technique that can be applied to analyze how genes are modulated by culture conditions, but identification of appropriate reference genes for normalization is a critical factor to be considered. For this reason, the expression stability of 18 candidate reference genes was evaluated for the green microalgae Tetraselmis chui using the widely employed algorithms geNorm, NormFinder, BestKeeper, the comparative ΔCT method, and RefFinder. Microalgae samples were collected from large scale outdoor photobioreactors during the growing phase (OUT_GP), and during the semi-continuous phase at different times of the day (OUT_DC). Samples from standard indoor cultures under highly controlled conditions (IND) were also collected to complement the other data. Different rankings for the candidate reference genes were obtained depending on the culture conditions and the algorithm employed. After comparison of the achieved ranks with the different methods, the references genes selected for samples from specific culture conditions were ALD and EFL in OUT_GP, RPL32 and UBCE in OUT_DC, and cdkA and UBCE in IND. Moreover, the genes EFL and cdkA or EFL and UBCE appeared as appropriate combinations for pools generated from all samples (ALL). Examination in the OUT_DC cultures of genes encoding the large and small subunits of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPL and AGPS, respectively) confirmed the reliability of the identified reference genes, RPL32 and UBCE. The present study represents a useful contribution for studies of gene expression in T. chui, and also represents the first step to set-up an RT-qPCR platform for quality control of T. chui biomass production in industrial facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Torres
- Fitoplancton Marino, S.L., El Puerto de Santa María, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Carmen Lama
- Fitoplancton Marino, S.L., El Puerto de Santa María, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Lalia Mantecón
- Fitoplancton Marino, S.L., El Puerto de Santa María, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Emmanouil Flemetakis
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Carlos Infante
- Fitoplancton Marino, S.L., El Puerto de Santa María, Cádiz, Spain
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Carballo C, Mateus AP, Maya C, Mantecón L, Power DM, Manchado M. Microalgal extracts induce larval programming and modify growth and the immune response to bioactive treatments and LCDV in Senegalese sole post-larvae. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2020; 106:263-272. [PMID: 32750543 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Immunostimulants are key molecules in aquaculture since they heighten defensive responses and protection against pathogens. The present study investigated the treatment of Senegalese sole larvae with a whole-cell crude extract of the microalgae Nannochloropsis gaditana (Nanno) and programming of growth and the immune system. Larvae at hatch were treated with the Nanno extracts for 2 h and thereafter were cultivated for 32 days post-hatch (dph) in parallel with an untreated control group (CN). Dry weight and length at 21 days post-hatch (dph) were higher in post-larvae of the Nanno than CN group. These differences in weight were later confirmed at 32 dph. To evaluate changes in the immune response associated with Nanno-programming treatments, the Nanno and CN post-larvae were supplied with two bioactive compounds yeast β-glucan (Y) and a microalga extract from the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum (MAe). The bioactive treatments were administrated to the treatment groups through the live prey (artemia metanauplii, 200 artemia mL-1) enriched for 30 min with MAe or Y (at 2 mg mL-1 SW) or untreated prey in the case of the negative control (SW). The effect of the treatments was assessed by monitoring gene expression, enzyme activity and mortality over 48 h. The post-larvae sole supplied with the bioactive compounds Y and MAe had increased mortality at 48 h compared to the SW group. Moreover, mortality was higher in Nanno-programmed than CN post-larvae. Lysozyme and total anti-protease enzymatic activities at 6 and 24 h after the start of the trial were significantly higher in the Nanno and MAe supplied post-larvae compared to their corresponding control (CN and SW, respectively). Immune gene transcripts revealed that il1b, cxc10 and mx mRNAs were significantly different between Nanno and CN post-larvae at 6 and 24 h. Moreover, the expression of il1b, tnfa, cxc10, irf3, irf7 and mx was modified by bioactive treatments but with temporal differences. At 48 h after bioactive treatments, Y and SW post-larvae were challenged with the lymphocystis disease virus (LCDV). No difference existed in viral copy number between programming or bioactive treatment groups at 3, 6 and 24 h after LCDV challenge although the total number of copies reduced with time. Gene expression profiles in the LCDV-challenged group indicated that post-larvae triggered a wide defensive response compared to SWC 24 h after challenge, which was modulated by programming and bioactive compound treatments. Cluster analysis of expressed genes separated the SW and Y groups indicating long-lasting effects of yeast β-glucan treatment in larvae. A noteworthy interaction between Nanno-programming and Y-treatment on the regulation of antiviral genes was observed. Overall, the data demonstrate the capacity of microalgal crude extracts to modify sole larval plasticity with long-term effects on larval growth and the immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Carballo
- IFAPA Centro El Toruño, Junta de Andalucía, Camino Tiro Pichón s/n, 11500, El Puerto de Santa María, Cádiz, Spain; Universidad de Málaga, Departamento de Microbiologia, Campus de Teatinos, 29071, Malaga, Spain
| | - Ana Patricia Mateus
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal; Escola Superior de Saúde da Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Claudia Maya
- Fitoplanton Marino S.L., 11500, El Puerto de Santa, María, Spain
| | - Lalia Mantecón
- Fitoplanton Marino S.L., 11500, El Puerto de Santa, María, Spain
| | - Deborah M Power
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal.
| | - Manuel Manchado
- IFAPA Centro El Toruño, Junta de Andalucía, Camino Tiro Pichón s/n, 11500, El Puerto de Santa María, Cádiz, Spain; Crecimiento Azul, Centro IFAPA El Toruño, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Spain.
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Mantecón L, Moyano R, Cameán AM, Jos A. Safety assessment of a lyophilized biomass of Tetraselmis chuii (TetraSOD®) in a 90 day feeding study. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 133:110810. [PMID: 31505236 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
TetraSOD® is a powder of the lyophilized biomass of Tetraselmis chuii strain CCFM03, a marine microalga with a history of use as feed in the aquaculture industry. Recently, algae including T. chuii have been investigated for their potential use in human food. However, published toxicology studies addressing the safety of T. chuii as a food ingredient are not available. To address this issue, the toxicity of TetraSOD® was evaluated using a 90-day oral toxicology study in rats following the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) test guideline 408. No treatment-related mortality or clinical signs were noted with TetraSOD® at doses of 625, 1667, or 2500 mg/kg/day. Additionally, no adverse effects on haematology, blood biochemistry, organ weights, gross or histopathology were observed. The Non Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL) for TetraSOD® is greater than the highest tested dose of 2500 mg/kg/day.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Mantecón
- Fitoplancton Marino S.L. Dársena Comercial S/N (Muelle Pesquero), 11500 El Puerto de Santa María, Cádiz, Spain.
| | - R Moyano
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Legal and Forensic Medicine, University of Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Carretera Madrid-Cádiz s/n, Córdoba, 14071, Spain
| | - A M Cameán
- Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, Profesor García González nº2, 41012, Seville, Spain
| | - A Jos
- Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, Profesor García González nº2, 41012, Seville, Spain
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Arboleya S, Suárez M, Fernández N, Mantecón L, Solís G, Gueimonde M, de Los Reyes-Gavilán CG. C-section and the Neonatal Gut Microbiome Acquisition: Consequences for Future Health. Ann Nutr Metab 2018; 73 Suppl 3:17-23. [PMID: 30041194 DOI: 10.1159/000490843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The human gut microbiota is assembled during infancy with an increase in diversity and stability. The correct colonization and the establishment of this microbiome are linked to the early and future health status of the individual. It is known that caesarean delivery alters this optimal microbial foundation. C-section (CS) is a common obstetrician surgery; however, it is not without risk for the mother/infant dyad. The World Health Organization recommends not exceeding 10-15% of the total deliveries; nevertheless, this rate has been increasing rapidly worldwide in the last decades. SUMMARY This review discloses the clinical parameters for correct CS recommendation. Moreover, the major microbial changes in the infant gut microbiome acquisition as a consequence of delivery mode and medical practices surrounding it, as well as, the early and long-lasting effects for both mother and babies are discussed. In addition, some strategies for the gut microbiota restoration are analysed. The aim of this review is to show the need for the development of strategies for minimizing or limiting the impact of caesarean on the microbiome development, favouring future health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Arboleya
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), Villaviciosa, Spain.,Diet, Microbiota and Health Group, Health Research Institute of Principado de Asturias (IISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - M Suárez
- Department of Pediatrics Service, Central University Hospital of Asturias (HUCA-SESPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - N Fernández
- Diet, Microbiota and Health Group, Health Research Institute of Principado de Asturias (IISPA), Oviedo, Spain.,Department of Pediatrics Service, Central University Hospital of Asturias (HUCA-SESPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - L Mantecón
- Department of Pediatrics Service, Central University Hospital of Asturias (HUCA-SESPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - G Solís
- Department of Pediatrics Service, Central University Hospital of Asturias (HUCA-SESPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - M Gueimonde
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), Villaviciosa, Spain.,Diet, Microbiota and Health Group, Health Research Institute of Principado de Asturias (IISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - C G de Los Reyes-Gavilán
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), Villaviciosa, Spain.,Diet, Microbiota and Health Group, Health Research Institute of Principado de Asturias (IISPA), Oviedo, Spain
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