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Mulligan LD, Bojanić L, Hunt IM, Baird A, Turnbull P, Kapur N, Appleby L, Shaw J. Substance use and self-poisoning in schizophrenia: 11-year findings from a national clinical survey of suicide in mental health patients in England. Schizophr Res 2024; 267:254-260. [PMID: 38581828 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2024.03.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Suicide is the leading cause of unnatural death among people with schizophrenia. Substance use is a highly prevalent comorbid feature of schizophrenia and a modifiable risk factor for suicide. However, no studies have examined changes in the frequency of substance use or self-poisoning in those who died by suicide over time. Knowing this could support more tailored approaches to reducing specific risk factors and access to means in those with schizophrenia who are at risk of suicide. We conducted an 11-year observational study on a clinical survey of people with schizophrenia in England who died by suicide within 12 months of contact with mental health services between 2010 and 2020 (n = 2718). Overall, alcohol, cannabis and stimulants were the most frequently reported substances. The odds of lifetime use significantly increased over time for cannabis, stimulants, heroin, and benzodiazepines. There were differences in socio-demographic, behavioural and clinical factors between those with recent and historical alcohol and drug use before death. Deaths by hanging, jumping and self-poisoning were the most common suicide methods. Though deaths by hanging significantly increased over time, deaths by self-poisoning significantly decreased, especially by means of psychotropic medication and opioids. To improve risk management, clinical efforts should focus on identifying and treating people with schizophrenia using specific substances. Nationwide initiatives for improving safety in prescribing could be contributing to reduced risks of suicide via self-poisoning in this group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee D Mulligan
- Division of Psychology & Mental Health, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Lana Bojanić
- NCISH, Centre for Mental Health and Safety, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Isabelle M Hunt
- NCISH, Centre for Mental Health and Safety, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Alison Baird
- NCISH, Centre for Mental Health and Safety, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Pauline Turnbull
- NCISH, Centre for Mental Health and Safety, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Nav Kapur
- NCISH, Centre for Mental Health and Safety, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, M13 9PL, UK; NIHR Greater Manchester Patient Safety Translational Research Centre, University of Manchester, M13 9PL, UK; Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Louis Appleby
- NCISH, Centre for Mental Health and Safety, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Jenny Shaw
- NCISH, Centre for Mental Health and Safety, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
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2
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Bojanić L, Baird A, Ash K, Shaw J. Homicide as the first conviction: A retrospective cohort study. Aggress Behav 2023; 49:595-601. [PMID: 37390388 DOI: 10.1002/ab.22097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
The association between previous convictions and perpetrating homicide has been previously described but little is known about the characteristics of homicide offenders without previous convictions. By utilizing the unique database on homicide offenders held by the National Confidential Inquiry into Suicide and Safety in Mental Health, this study aimed to describe the sample of homicide perpetrators in England and Wales who have committed homicide as their first offense based on their sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. Compared with those with previous convictions, homicide offenders without previous convictions were more likely to be female and a member of an ethnic minority group. More of those without previous convictions belonged to the youngest (<25) and oldest (>55) age groups and were more likely to kill somebody family member or a spouse. Schizophrenia and other delusional disorders as well as affective disorders were more prevalent in those without previous convictions as were mental illness/insanity as a circumstance in homicide, but those without previous convictions were less likely to have been in previous contact with mental health services. There are clear sociodemographic and clinical differences between homicide perpetrators with and without previous convictions. Implications of these findings are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lana Bojanić
- National Confidential Inquiry into Suicide and Safety in Mental Health (NCISH), University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Alison Baird
- National Confidential Inquiry into Suicide and Safety in Mental Health (NCISH), University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Kosturika Ash
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Jenny Shaw
- National Confidential Inquiry into Suicide and Safety in Mental Health (NCISH), University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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3
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Rodway C, Ibrahim S, Westhead J, Bojanić L, Turnbull P, Appleby L, Bacon A, Dale H, Harrison K, Kapur N. Suicide after leaving the UK Armed Forces 1996-2018: A cohort study. PLoS Med 2023; 20:e1004273. [PMID: 37552686 PMCID: PMC10409259 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1004273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are comparatively few international studies investigating suicide in military veterans and no recent UK-wide studies. This is important because the wider context of being a UK Armed Forces (UKAF) veteran has changed in recent years following a period of intensive operations. We aimed to investigate the rate, timing, and risk factors for suicide in personnel who left the UKAF over a 23-year period. METHODS AND FINDINGS We carried out a retrospective cohort study of suicide in personnel who left the regular UKAF between 1996 and 2018 linking national databases of discharged personnel and suicide deaths, using survival analysis to examine the risk of suicide in veterans compared to the general population and conditional logistic regression to investigate factors most strongly associated with suicide after discharge. The 458,058 individuals who left the UKAF accumulated over 5,852,100 person years at risk, with a median length of follow-up of 13 years, were mostly male (91%), and had a median age of 26 years at discharge. 1,086 (0.2%) died by suicide. The overall rate of suicide in veterans was slightly lower than the general population (standardised mortality ratio, SMR [95% confidence interval, CI] 94 [88 to 99]). However, suicide risk was 2 to 3 times higher in male and female veterans aged under 25 years than in the same age groups in the general population (age-specific mortality ratios ranging from 160 to 409). Male veterans aged 35 years and older were at reduced risk of suicide (age-specific mortality ratios 47 to 80). Male sex, Army service, discharge between the ages of 16 and 34 years, being untrained on discharge, and length of service under 10 years were associated with higher suicide risk. Factors associated with reduced risk included being married, a higher rank, and deployment on combat operations. The rate of contact with specialist NHS mental health services (273/1,086, 25%) was lowest in the youngest age groups (10% for 16- to 19-year-olds; 23% for 20- to 24-year-olds). Study limitations include the fact that information on veterans was obtained from administrative databases and the role of pre-service vulnerabilities and other factors that may have influenced later suicide risk could not be explored. In addition, information on contact with support services was only available for veterans in contact with specialist NHS mental health services and not for those in contact with other health and social care services. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we found suicide risk in personnel leaving the UKAF was not high but there are important differences according to age, with higher risk in young men and women. We found a number of factors which elevated the risk of suicide but deployment was associated with lower risk. The focus should be on improving and maintaining access to mental health care and social support for young service leavers, as well as implementing general suicide prevention measures for all veterans regardless of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathryn Rodway
- National Confidential Inquiry into Suicide and Safety in Mental Health (NCISH), Centre for Mental Health and Safety, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Saied Ibrahim
- National Confidential Inquiry into Suicide and Safety in Mental Health (NCISH), Centre for Mental Health and Safety, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Jodie Westhead
- National Confidential Inquiry into Suicide and Safety in Mental Health (NCISH), Centre for Mental Health and Safety, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Lana Bojanić
- National Confidential Inquiry into Suicide and Safety in Mental Health (NCISH), Centre for Mental Health and Safety, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Pauline Turnbull
- National Confidential Inquiry into Suicide and Safety in Mental Health (NCISH), Centre for Mental Health and Safety, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Louis Appleby
- National Confidential Inquiry into Suicide and Safety in Mental Health (NCISH), Centre for Mental Health and Safety, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Andy Bacon
- Armed Forces Team, NHS England, London, United Kingdom
- Westminster Centre for Research in Veterans, University of Chester, Chester, United Kingdom
| | - Harriet Dale
- Ministry of Defence, Defence Statistics Health, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Kate Harrison
- Ministry of Defence, Defence Statistics Health, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Nav Kapur
- National Confidential Inquiry into Suicide and Safety in Mental Health (NCISH), Centre for Mental Health and Safety, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- NIHR Greater Manchester Patient Safety Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Mersey Care NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Mughal F, Bojanić L, Rodway C, Graney J, Ibrahim S, Quinlivan L, Steeg S, Tham SG, Turnbull P, Appleby L, Webb RT, Kapur N. Recent GP consultation before death by suicide in middle-aged males: a national consecutive case series study. Br J Gen Pract 2023; 73:e478-e485. [PMID: 37130612 PMCID: PMC10170520 DOI: 10.3399/bjgp.2022.0589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reducing suicide risk in middle-aged males (40-54 years) is a national priority. People have often presented to their GP within 3 months before suicide thus highlighting an opportunity for early intervention. AIM To describe the sociodemographic characteristics and identify antecedents in middle-aged males who recently consulted a GP before dying by suicide. DESIGN AND SETTING This study was a descriptive examination of suicide in a national consecutive sample of middle-aged males in 2017 in England, Scotland, and Wales. METHOD General population mortality data were obtained from the Office for National Statistics and National Records of Scotland. Information was collected about antecedents considered relevant to suicide from data sources. Logistic regression examined associations with final recent GP consultation. Males with lived experience were consulted during the study. RESULTS In 2017, a quarter (n = 1516) of all suicide deaths were in middle-aged males. Data were attained on 242 males: 43% had their last GP consultation within 3 months of suicide; and a third of these males were unemployed and nearly half were living alone. Males who saw a GP recently before suicide were more likely to have had recent self-harm and work-related problems than males who had not. Having a current major physical illness, recent self-harm, presenting with a mental health problem, and recent work-related issues were associated with having a last GP consultation close to suicide. CONCLUSION Clinical factors were identified that GPs should be alert to when assessing middle-aged males. Personalised holistic management may have a role in preventing suicide in these individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faraz Mughal
- School of Medicine, Keele University, Keele; honorary clinical research fellow, Division of Psychology and Mental Health, University of Manchester, Manchester; affiliate, NIHR Greater Manchester Patient Safety Translational Research Centre, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester
| | - Lana Bojanić
- National Confidential Inquiry into Suicide and Safety in Mental Health (NCISH), School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester
| | - Cathryn Rodway
- National Confidential Inquiry into Suicide and Safety in Mental Health (NCISH), School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester
| | - Jane Graney
- National Confidential Inquiry into Suicide and Safety in Mental Health (NCISH), School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester
| | - Saied Ibrahim
- National Confidential Inquiry into Suicide and Safety in Mental Health (NCISH), School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester
| | - Leah Quinlivan
- NIHR Greater Manchester Patient Safety Translational Research Centre, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester
| | - Sarah Steeg
- School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester
| | - Su-Gwan Tham
- National Confidential Inquiry into Suicide and Safety in Mental Health (NCISH), School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester
| | - Pauline Turnbull
- National Confidential Inquiry into Suicide and Safety in Mental Health (NCISH), School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester
| | - Louis Appleby
- National Confidential Inquiry into Suicide and Safety in Mental Health (NCISH), School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester
| | - Roger T Webb
- NIHR Greater Manchester Patient Safety Translational Research Centre, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester
| | - Nav Kapur
- NCISH, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester; Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester; Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester; NIHR Greater Manchester Patient Safety Translational Research Centre, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester
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Jarke H, Anand-Vembar S, Alzahawi S, Andersen TL, Bojanić L, Carstensen A, Feldman G, Garcia-Garzon E, Kapoor H, Lewis S, Todsen AL, Većkalov B, Zickfeld JH, Geiger SJ. A Roadmap to Large-Scale Multi-Country Replications in Psychology. Collabra: Psychology 2022. [DOI: 10.1525/collabra.57538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Classic findings from psychology and the behavioural sciences are increasingly being revisited. Methodological and technological advances provide opportunities to replicate studies across a wide range of countries and settings to investigate whether these findings are universally applicable, limited to specific countries, or vary in magnitude depending on settings. Researchers from around the world connect to revisit such findings collaboratively, adapt the original design to the Zeitgeist, integrate new knowledge to improve statistical analyses, and broaden the scope by testing effects globally – or at least in as many countries, as budget and feasibility allow. We currently observe multiple international consortia conducting large-scale multi-country replications. How do such collaborations form and how do they approach these complex investigations? This paper brings together researchers from different initiatives that conduct replications on an international scale to outline approaches and summarises what we have learned in applying them: Junior Researcher Programme (JRP), Psychological Science Accelerator (PSA), ManyBabies, Collaborative Open-science REsearch (CORE), and International Study of Metanorms (ISMN). We describe different ways for study selection, methodological approaches, statistical analyses, ethical issues, and most importantly, how the different collaborations formed and how team communication worked. We look in detail at challenges of including typically underrepresented countries in psychological science, not only in terms of data collection but also in making it possible for local researchers to contribute. This paper provides a structured insight into how different collaborations work and issues to consider for anyone who seeks to conduct a multi-country replication in psychology, or looking for additional perspectives to their existing plan. We close the article with a checklist built as a helpful tool for colleagues putting together their study protocols for such efforts – and invite them to collaboratively expand it in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannes Jarke
- Centre for Business Research, Judge Business School 1 ,
- University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK 1 ,
- Junior Researcher Programme, Cambridge, UK 2
| | - Shaakya Anand-Vembar
- Junior Researcher Programme, Cambridge, UK 2
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine 3 ,
- Trinity College Dublin, Ireland 3 ,
| | - Shilaan Alzahawi
- Graduate School of Business 4 ,
- Stanford University, Stanford, CA, US 4 ,
| | - Thomas Lind Andersen
- Junior Researcher Programme, Cambridge, UK 2
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center 5 ,
- Copenhagen University Hospital, Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark 5 ,
| | - Lana Bojanić
- Department of Psychology and Mental Health 6 ,
- University of Manchester, Manchester, UK 6 ,
| | - Alexandra Carstensen
- Psychology Department 7 ,
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, US 7 ,
| | - Gilad Feldman
- Psychology Department 8 ,
- University of Hong Kong 8 ,
| | - Eduardo Garcia-Garzon
- Junior Researcher Programme, Cambridge, UK 2
- School of Health 9 ,
- Camilo José Cela University, Villafranca del Castillo, Madrid, Spain 9 ,
| | - Hansika Kapoor
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA 10
- Department of Psychology 11 ,
- Monk Prayogshala, Mumbai, India 11 ,
| | - Savannah Lewis
- Psychological Science Accelerator 12
- International Collaboration Research Center 13 ,
- Ashland University, Ashland, OH, US 13 ,
| | - Anna Louise Todsen
- Junior Researcher Programme, Cambridge, UK 2
- School of Psychology and Neuroscience, Faculty of Arts 14 ,
- University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK 14 ,
| | - Bojana Većkalov
- Junior Researcher Programme, Cambridge, UK 2
- Department of Psychology 15 ,
- University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands 15 ,
| | - Janis H. Zickfeld
- Centre for Integrative Business Psychology 16 ,
- Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark 16 ,
- Department of Management 17 ,
- Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark 17 ,
| | - Sandra J. Geiger
- Junior Researcher Programme, Cambridge, UK 2
- Environmental Psychology, Department of Cognition, Emotion, and Methods, Faculty of Psychology 18 ,
- University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria 18 ,
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Jarke H, Jakob L, Bojanić L, Garcia-Garzon E, Mareva S, Mutak A, Gjorgjiovska J. Registered report: How open do you want your science? An international investigation into knowledge and attitudes of psychology students. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0261260. [PMID: 35226677 PMCID: PMC8884512 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of Open Science practices is often proposed as a way to improve research practice, especially in psychology. Open Science can increase transparency and therefore reduce questionable research practices, making research more accessible to students, scholars, policy makers, and the public. However, little is known about how widespread Open Science practices are taught and how students are educated about these practices. In addition, it remains unknown how informing students about Open Science actually impacts their understanding and adoption of such practices. This registered report proposes the validation of a questionnaire. The aim is to survey how much psychology students know about Open Science and to assess whether knowledge of and exposure to Open Science in general-be it through university curricula or social media-influences attitudes towards the concept and intentions to implement relevant practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannes Jarke
- Junior Researcher Programme, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Centre for Business Research, Judge Business School, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Lea Jakob
- Junior Researcher Programme, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
- 3rd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Czech Republic
| | - Lana Bojanić
- Junior Researcher Programme, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Eduardo Garcia-Garzon
- Junior Researcher Programme, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Facultad de Salud, Universidad Camilo José Cela, Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvana Mareva
- Junior Researcher Programme, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Augustin Mutak
- Junior Researcher Programme, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Methods and Evaluation/Quality Assurance, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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7
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Steeg S, Bojanić L, Tilston G, Williams R, Jenkins DA, Carr MJ, Peek N, Ashcroft DM, Kapur N, Voorhees J, Webb RT. Temporal trends in primary care-recorded self-harm during and beyond the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic: Time series analysis of electronic healthcare records for 2.8 million patients in the Greater Manchester Care Record. EClinicalMedicine 2021; 41:101175. [PMID: 34746726 PMCID: PMC8557994 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.101175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surveillance of temporal trends in clinically treated self-harm is an important component of suicide prevention in the dynamic context of COVID-19. There is little evidence beyond the initial months following the onset of the pandemic, despite national and regional restrictions persisting to mid-2021. METHODS Descriptive time series analysis utilizing de-identified, primary care health records of 2.8 million patients from the Greater Manchester Care Record. Frequencies of self-harm episodes between 1st January 2019 and 31st May 2021 were examined, including stratification by sex, age group, ethnicity, and index of multiple deprivation quintile. FINDINGS There were 33,444 episodes of self-harm by 13,148 individuals recorded during the study period. Frequency ratios of incident and all episodes of self-harm were 0.59 (95% CI 0.51 to 0.69) and 0.69 (CI 0.63 to 0.75) respectively in April 2020 compared to February 2020. Between August 2020 and May 2021 frequency ratios were 0.92 (CI 0.88 to 0.96) for incident episodes and 0.86 (CI 0.84 to 0.88) for all episodes compared to the same months in 2019. Reductions were largest among men and people living in the most deprived neighbourhoods, while an increase in all-episode self-harm was observed for adolescents aged 10-17. INTERPRETATION Reductions in primary care-recorded self-harm persisted to May 2021, though they were less marked than in April 2020 during the first national lockdown. The observed reductions could represent longer term reluctance to seek help from health services. Our findings have implications for the ability for services to offer recommended care for patients who have harmed themselves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Steeg
- Centre for Mental Health and Safety, Division of Psychology and Mental Health, University of Manchester, Jean McFarlane Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre (MAHSC), Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Lana Bojanić
- Centre for Mental Health and Safety, Division of Psychology and Mental Health, University of Manchester, Jean McFarlane Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre (MAHSC), Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - George Tilston
- Division of Informatics, Imaging and Data Science, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Williams
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre (MAHSC), Manchester, United Kingdom
- Division of Informatics, Imaging and Data Science, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research Greater Manchester Patient Safety Translational Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - David A. Jenkins
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre (MAHSC), Manchester, United Kingdom
- Division of Informatics, Imaging and Data Science, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research Greater Manchester Patient Safety Translational Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew J. Carr
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre (MAHSC), Manchester, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research Greater Manchester Patient Safety Translational Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Niels Peek
- Division of Informatics, Imaging and Data Science, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research Greater Manchester Patient Safety Translational Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Darren M. Ashcroft
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre (MAHSC), Manchester, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research Greater Manchester Patient Safety Translational Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research School for Primary Care Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Nav Kapur
- Centre for Mental Health and Safety, Division of Psychology and Mental Health, University of Manchester, Jean McFarlane Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre (MAHSC), Manchester, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research Greater Manchester Patient Safety Translational Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer Voorhees
- National Institute for Health Research School for Primary Care Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Roger T. Webb
- Centre for Mental Health and Safety, Division of Psychology and Mental Health, University of Manchester, Jean McFarlane Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre (MAHSC), Manchester, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research Greater Manchester Patient Safety Translational Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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8
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Ruggeri K, Većkalov B, Bojanić L, Andersen TL, Ashcroft-Jones S, Ayacaxli N, Barea-Arroyo P, Berge ML, Bjørndal LD, Bursalıoğlu A, Bühler V, Čadek M, Çetinçelik M, Clay G, Cortijos-Bernabeu A, Damnjanović K, Dugue TM, Esberg M, Esteban-Serna C, Felder EN, Friedemann M, Frontera-Villanueva DI, Gale P, Garcia-Garzon E, Geiger SJ, George L, Girardello A, Gracheva A, Gracheva A, Guillory M, Hecht M, Herte K, Hubená B, Ingalls W, Jakob L, Janssens M, Jarke H, Kácha O, Kalinova KN, Karakasheva R, Khorrami PR, Lep Ž, Lins S, Lofthus IS, Mamede S, Mareva S, Mascarenhas MF, McGill L, Morales-Izquierdo S, Moltrecht B, Mueller TS, Musetti M, Nelsson J, Otto T, Paul AF, Pavlović I, Petrović MB, Popović D, Prinz GM, Razum J, Sakelariev I, Samuels V, Sanguino I, Say N, Schuck J, Soysal I, Todsen AL, Tünte MR, Vdovic M, Vintr J, Vovko M, Vranka MA, Wagner L, Wilkins L, Willems M, Wisdom E, Yosifova A, Zeng S, Ahmed MA, Dwarkanath T, Cikara M, Lees J, Folke T. The general fault in our fault lines. Nat Hum Behav 2021; 5:1369-1380. [PMID: 33888880 DOI: 10.1038/s41562-021-01092-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Pervading global narratives suggest that political polarization is increasing, yet the accuracy of such group meta-perceptions has been drawn into question. A recent US study suggests that these beliefs are inaccurate and drive polarized beliefs about out-groups. However, it also found that informing people of inaccuracies reduces those negative beliefs. In this work, we explore whether these results generalize to other countries. To achieve this, we replicate two of the original experiments with 10,207 participants across 26 countries. We focus on local group divisions, which we refer to as fault lines. We find broad generalizability for both inaccurate meta-perceptions and reduced negative motive attribution through a simple disclosure intervention. We conclude that inaccurate and negative group meta-perceptions are exhibited in myriad contexts and that informing individuals of their misperceptions can yield positive benefits for intergroup relations. Such generalizability highlights a robust phenomenon with implications for political discourse worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Ruggeri
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA. .,Policy Research Group, Centre for Business Research, Judge Business School, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Bojana Većkalov
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lana Bojanić
- Department of Psychology and Mental Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | | | - Nélida Ayacaxli
- Department of Political Science, School of General Studies, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | - Aslı Bursalıoğlu
- Department of Psychology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Vanessa Bühler
- Department of Occupational, Economic and Social Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Centre for Behaviour Change, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Martin Čadek
- Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
| | - Melis Çetinçelik
- Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Georgia Clay
- Department of Social Psychology, Institute of Work, Organisational and Social Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Anna Cortijos-Bernabeu
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kaja Damnjanović
- Department of Psychology, Laboratory for Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tatianna M Dugue
- Department of Psychology, Columbia College, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maya Esberg
- Barnard College, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Celia Esteban-Serna
- Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ezra N Felder
- Department of Psychology, School of General Studies, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maja Friedemann
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Patricia Gale
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Eduardo Garcia-Garzon
- School of Education and Health Sciences, Universidad Camilo José Cela, Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra J Geiger
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Leya George
- UCL Interaction Centre, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Allegra Girardello
- Department of Neuroscience and Psychology, Columbia College, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aleksandra Gracheva
- School of General Studies, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.,Political Humanities, Euro-Asia Program, Paris Institute of Political Studies [SciencesPo], Paris, France
| | - Anastasia Gracheva
- Department of Political Science, School of General Studies, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.,School of General Studies, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marquis Guillory
- Department of Psychology, Columbia College, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marlene Hecht
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Humboldt University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katharina Herte
- Social, Health and Organisational Psychology, Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Barbora Hubená
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - William Ingalls
- Department of Psychology, Columbia College, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lea Jakob
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic.,Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Margo Janssens
- Department of Organization Studies, Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, the Netherlands
| | - Hannes Jarke
- Policy Research Group, Centre for Business Research, Judge Business School, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ondřej Kácha
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | - Peggah R Khorrami
- Department of Sociomedical Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Health Policy and Management, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Žan Lep
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Samuel Lins
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Salomé Mamede
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Silvana Mareva
- Medical Research Council Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mafalda F Mascarenhas
- Instituto de Ciências Sociais e Faculdade de Psicologia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Lucy McGill
- Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Bettina Moltrecht
- Evidence-Based Practice Unit, Anna Freud National Centre and University College London, London, UK
| | - Tasja S Mueller
- Department of Social and Organizational Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Marzia Musetti
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education and Applied Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Joakim Nelsson
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Thiago Otto
- Department of Psychology, Columbia College, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alessandro F Paul
- Department of Social, Economic, and Organizational Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Irena Pavlović
- Department of Psychology, Laboratory for Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija B Petrović
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dora Popović
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Croatian Studies, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Josip Razum
- Ivo Pilar Institute of Social Sciences, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Vivian Samuels
- Department of Psychology, School of General Studies, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Inés Sanguino
- Department of Social Policy and Intervention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Nicolas Say
- Faculty of Business Administration, University of Economics, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jakob Schuck
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Science, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Irem Soysal
- Department of Psychology, Columbia College, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anna Louise Todsen
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Faculty of Arts, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK
| | - Markus R Tünte
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Milica Vdovic
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Media and Communications, Singidunum University, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jáchym Vintr
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Maja Vovko
- Faculty of Arts, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | - Lisa Wagner
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lauren Wilkins
- Department of Psychology, Columbia College, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Manou Willems
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Elizabeth Wisdom
- Department of Psychology, School of General Studies, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aleksandra Yosifova
- Department of Cognitive Science and Psychology, School of Graduate Studies, New Bulgarian University, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Sandy Zeng
- Department of Psychology, Columbia College, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mahmoud A Ahmed
- Department of Psychology, St. Olaf College, Northfield, MN, USA
| | | | - Mina Cikara
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jeffrey Lees
- Harvard Business School, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Economics, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - Tomas Folke
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.,Policy Research Group, Centre for Business Research, Judge Business School, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Homelessness in England and Wales is on the rise together with the mortality rate among homeless people. Many homeless people have a mental illness, which is a risk factor for suicide. AIMS This study used data from the National Confidential Inquiry into Suicide and Safety in Mental Health to examine demographic and clinical characteristics of homeless people who died by suicide and were in recent contact with mental health services. METHOD We have compared 514 patients (2% of the total sample) who died by suicide and who were reported as being homeless or having no fixed abode by their clinicians with patients in stable accommodation between 2000 and 2016 to identify differences in sociodemographic characteristics and clinical care. RESULTS Our analysis suggests that homeless patients who died by suicide had more acute (alcohol: 47% v. 25%, P < 0.01, drug: 39% v. 15%, P < 0.01) and chronic (alcohol: 72% v. 44%, P > 0.01, drug: 64% v. 31%) substance misuse issues than patients in stable accommodation. Homeless patients were also more likely to die as in-patients (21% v. 10%, P < 0.01) or within 3 months of discharge (32% v. 19%, P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Homeless patients who died by suicide more often had known risk factors for suicide than patients in stable accommodation. As a result of the higher percentages of post-discharge and in-patient suicides in homeless patients as well as the high prevalence of substance misuse, this study recommends closer integration of services as well as awareness of risks during in-patient admission and in the weeks immediately after discharge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Culatto
- Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Lana Bojanić
- National Confidential Inquiry into Suicide and Safety in Mental Health, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, UK
| | - Louis Appleby
- Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, UK; and National Confidential Inquiry into Suicide and Safety in Mental Health, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, UK
| | - Pauline Turnbull
- National Confidential Inquiry into Suicide and Safety in Mental Health, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, UK
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10
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Bojanić L, Razum J, Gorski I. Googling for suicide in Croatia: A mixed-methods study. Death Stud 2021; 46:1946-1953. [PMID: 33459203 DOI: 10.1080/07481187.2021.1873458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Google search trends have shown promise for predicting suicide deaths. We examined the relationship between search trends data for suicide-related search terms and monthly suicide deaths (2014-2018) in Croatia. We identified two suicide prevention search terms, samoubojstvo and suicid (engl. suicide), where an increase in searches preceded a decrease in suicides, and one suicide risk term, kako se ubiti (engl. how to kill yourself), where an increase in searches preceded an increase in suicides. On webpages elicited by suicide-related search terms, factual information about suicide was most common. Results imply the need for a comprehensive online suicide prevention strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lana Bojanić
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Josip Razum
- Ivo Pilar Institute of Social Sciences, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivan Gorski
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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11
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Bojanić L, Pitman A, Kapur N. Suicide prevention through means restriction: the example of firearms control in Croatia. J Public Health (Oxf) 2021; 44:402-407. [PMID: 33429426 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdaa251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- L Bojanić
- National Confidential Inquiry into Suicide and Safety in Mental Health, Division of Psychology and Mental Health, University of Manchester, M13 9PL, Manchester, UK
| | - A Pitman
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, W1T 7NF, London, UK.,Camden and Islington NHS Foundation Trust, NW1 0PE, London, UK
| | - N Kapur
- National Confidential Inquiry into Suicide and Safety in Mental Health, Division of Psychology and Mental Health, University of Manchester, M13 9PL, Manchester, UK.,Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, M25 3BL, Manchester, UK
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12
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Bojanić L, Flynn S, Gianatsi M, Kapur N, Appleby L, Shaw J. The typology of parricide and the role of mental illness: Data-driven approach. Aggress Behav 2020; 46:516-522. [PMID: 32725641 DOI: 10.1002/ab.21906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Parricide is a rare type of homicide in which mental illness is often an important factor. The aims of this study were (a) to describe the characteristics of parricide offenders with a focus on mental illness and clinical care and (b) to examine Heide's widely used typology of parricide through a data-driven approach. We analyzed all homicides in England and Wales between 1997 and 2014. Parricide offenders in our sample were most often male, unmarried, and unemployed, with a third of offenders diagnosed with schizophrenia; 28% had been in contact with mental health services before the offense. The latent class analysis resulted in three types of parricide offenders: middle-aged with affective disorder, previously abused, and seriously mentally Ill, which confirmed, to an extent, Heide's typology. Health and social care services should actively engage with carers of people with mental illness and support to those caring for older relatives and victims of abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lana Bojanić
- National Confidential Inquiry Into Suicide and Safety in Mental Health, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health University of Manchester Manchester UK
| | - Sandra Flynn
- National Confidential Inquiry Into Suicide and Safety in Mental Health, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health University of Manchester Manchester UK
| | - Myrsini Gianatsi
- National Confidential Inquiry Into Suicide and Safety in Mental Health, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health University of Manchester Manchester UK
| | - Navneet Kapur
- National Confidential Inquiry Into Suicide and Safety in Mental Health, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health University of Manchester Manchester UK
- Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust Manchester UK
| | - Louis Appleby
- National Confidential Inquiry Into Suicide and Safety in Mental Health, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health University of Manchester Manchester UK
- Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust Manchester UK
| | - Jenny Shaw
- National Confidential Inquiry Into Suicide and Safety in Mental Health, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health University of Manchester Manchester UK
- Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust Manchester UK
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13
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Bojanić L, Hunt IM, Baird A, Kapur N, Appleby L, Turnbull P. Early Post-Discharge Suicide in Mental Health Patients: Findings From a National Clinical Survey. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:502. [PMID: 32581877 PMCID: PMC7296132 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies on suicide by recently discharged mental health patients have reported a high number of deaths in the early post-discharge period, which has led to recommendations of follow-up within 7 days (d). More recently, the National Confidential Inquiry into Suicide and Safety in Mental Health (NCISH) proposed a more "stringent" follow-up period of 2-3 days (d) after discharge. Patients who died within this early time-frame post-discharge were more likely to die before the follow-up appointment occurred. They more often had a primary diagnosis of a personality disorder, self-discharged, and had a higher frequency of death by jumping from a height or in front of the vehicle compared to later deaths. This study provides practical implications for post-discharge management and safety planning. Clinicians should be aware of (1) the increased risk of immediate suicide in the post-discharge period by people with a diagnosis of personality disorder, (2) immediate suicide risk in patients who initiate their own discharge, and (3) the increased risk of death by jumping from a height or in front of the vehicle in the immediate post-discharge period. Our findings support the recent recommendation from NCISH that follow-up should occur within 3 d of discharge from in-patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lana Bojanić
- National Confidential Inquiry into Suicide and Safety in Mental Health, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Isabelle M. Hunt
- National Confidential Inquiry into Suicide and Safety in Mental Health, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Alison Baird
- National Confidential Inquiry into Suicide and Safety in Mental Health, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Navneet Kapur
- National Confidential Inquiry into Suicide and Safety in Mental Health, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Louis Appleby
- National Confidential Inquiry into Suicide and Safety in Mental Health, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Pauline Turnbull
- National Confidential Inquiry into Suicide and Safety in Mental Health, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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14
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Ruggeri K, Bojanić L, van Bokhorst L, Jarke H, Mareva S, Ojinaga-Alfageme O, Mellor DT, Norton S. Editorial: Advancing Methods for Psychological Assessment Across Borders. Front Psychol 2019; 10:503. [PMID: 30949086 PMCID: PMC6436195 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Ruggeri
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Columbia University, New York City, NY, United States
- Centre for Business Research, Judge Business School, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Lana Bojanić
- Centre for Mental Health and Safety, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Lindsey van Bokhorst
- Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | | | - Silvana Mareva
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Olatz Ojinaga-Alfageme
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Birkbeck College, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Sam Norton
- Psychology Department, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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15
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Jakob L, Bojanić L, Tsvetanova DD, Buabang EK, de Bles NJ, Sarafoglou A, Dijkzeul A, Del Pino R. Study Protocol on Cognitive Performance in Bulgaria, Croatia, and the Netherlands: The Normacog Brief Battery. Front Psychol 2016; 7:1658. [PMID: 27833575 PMCID: PMC5081388 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Normacog Brief Battery (NBB) provides a comprehensive overview of an individual's cognitive functioning within a short amount of time. It was originally developed for the Spanish population in Spain. However, there is a considerable need for brief batteries in clinical neuropsychological assessment, especially in eastern European countries. Cultural background and other individual characteristics-such as age, level of education, and sex-are shown to influence both cognition and patients' performance on neuropsychological tests. Therefore, it is important to develop understanding of how and why culture impacts on cognitive testing and determine which sociodemographic variables affect cognitive performance. The current study aims to translate, adapt, and standardize the NBB in Bulgaria, Croatia, and the Netherlands, and to analyze the effect of sex, age, and education level on cognitive performance between these three countries. This brief battery assesses eleven cognitive domains, including those most currently relevant in cognition such as premorbid intelligence, attention, executive function, processing speed, and memory. The translation and adaptation of the battery for different cultures will be done using the back-translation process. After exclusion criteria, the current study will include a total sample of 300 participants (≥18 years old). The samples of 100 participants per country will be balanced through the consideration of their age and level of education. Effects of the sociodemographic variables (age, level of education, and sex) on cognitive performance are expected. Furthermore, this relationship is expected to differ across countries. A multivariate hierarchical linear regression will be used and exploratory analysis will be carried out to investigate further effects. The results will be particularly valuable for future research and assessment in cognitive performance. The growing demand for accurate and fast neuropsychological assessment shows the importance of creating a universal brief assessment tool for wider cross-cultural application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea Jakob
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Croatian Studies, University of Zagreb Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lana Bojanić
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Eike K Buabang
- Institute of Psychology, Leiden University Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | | | - Annet Dijkzeul
- Department of Psychology, Utrecht University Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Rocio Del Pino
- Department of Methods and Experimental Psychology, University of Deusto Bilbao, Spain
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