1
|
Petersen KH, Lohse J, Ramsgaard L. Automated sequential chromogenic IHC double staining with two HRP substrates. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0207867. [PMID: 30458050 PMCID: PMC6245840 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Automated IHC double staining using diaminobenzidine and HRP Magenta is illustrated utilizing a new acidic block with sulfuric acid to prevent cross-reactivity. Residual cross-reactivity in double staining is determined to arise from chromogenic-bound antibodies and amplification system during the first part of the double staining.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jesper Lohse
- Assay Teccology, Agilent Technologies, Glostrup, Denmark
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Milutinovic PS, Englert JM, Crum LT, Mason NS, Ramsgaard L, Enghild JJ, Sparvero LJ, Lotze MT, Oury TD. Clearance kinetics and matrix binding partners of the receptor for advanced glycation end products. PLoS One 2014; 9:e88259. [PMID: 24642901 PMCID: PMC3958346 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0088259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Elucidating the sites and mechanisms of sRAGE action in the healthy state is vital to better understand the biological importance of the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE). Previous studies in animal models of disease have demonstrated that exogenous sRAGE has an anti-inflammatory effect, which has been reasoned to arise from sequestration of pro-inflammatory ligands away from membrane-bound RAGE isoforms. We show here that sRAGE exhibits in vitro binding with high affinity and reversibly to extracellular matrix components collagen I, collagen IV, and laminin. Soluble RAGE administered intratracheally, intravenously, or intraperitoneally, does not distribute in a specific fashion to any healthy mouse tissue, suggesting against the existence of accessible sRAGE sinks and receptors in the healthy mouse. Intratracheal administration is the only effective means of delivering exogenous sRAGE to the lung, the organ in which RAGE is most highly expressed; clearance of sRAGE from lung does not differ appreciably from that of albumin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pavle S. Milutinovic
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Judson M. Englert
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Lauren T. Crum
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Neale S. Mason
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Lasse Ramsgaard
- Center for Insoluble Protein Structures, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jan J. Enghild
- Center for Insoluble Protein Structures, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Louis J. Sparvero
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Michael T. Lotze
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Tim D. Oury
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ramsgaard L, Englert JM, Manni ML, Milutinovic PS, Gefter J, Tobolewski J, Crum L, Coudriet GM, Piganelli J, Zamora R, Vodovotz Y, Enghild JJ, Oury TD. Lack of the receptor for advanced glycation end-products attenuates E. coli pneumonia in mice. PLoS One 2011; 6:e20132. [PMID: 21629785 PMCID: PMC3100338 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0020132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2009] [Accepted: 04/26/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) has been suggested to modulate lung injury in models of acute pulmonary inflammation. To study this further, model systems utilizing wild type and RAGE knockout (KO) mice were used to determine the role of RAGE signaling in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and E. coli induced acute pulmonary inflammation. The effect of intraperitoneal (i.p.) and intratracheal (i.t.) administration of mouse soluble RAGE on E. coli injury was also investigated. Methodology/Principal Findings C57BL/6 wild type and RAGE KO mice received an i.t. instillation of LPS, E. coli, or vehicle control. Some groups also received i.p. or i.t. administration of mouse soluble RAGE. After 24 hours, the role of RAGE expression on inflammation was assessed by comparing responses in wild type and RAGE KO. RAGE protein levels decreased in wild type lung homogenates after treatment with either LPS or bacteria. In addition, soluble RAGE and HMGB1 increased in the BALF after E. coli instillation. RAGE KO mice challenged with LPS had the same degree of inflammation as wild type mice. However, when challenged with E. coli, RAGE KO mice had significantly less inflammation when compared to wild type mice. Most cytokine levels were lower in the BALF of RAGE KO mice compared to wild type mice after E. coli injury, while only monocyte chemotactic protein-1, MCP-1, was lower after LPS challenge. Neither i.p. nor i.t. administration of mouse soluble RAGE attenuated the severity of E. coli injury in wild type mice. Conclusions/Significance Lack of RAGE in the lung does not protect against LPS induced acute pulmonary inflammation, but attenuates injury following live E. coli challenge. These findings suggest that RAGE mediates responses to E. coli-associated pathogen-associated molecular pattern molecules other than LPS or other bacterial specific signaling responses. Soluble RAGE treatment had no effect on inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lasse Ramsgaard
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Department of Molecular Biology, Center for Insoluble Protein Structures (inSPIN) and Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Judson M. Englert
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Michelle L. Manni
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Pavle S. Milutinovic
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Julia Gefter
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jacob Tobolewski
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Lauren Crum
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Gina M. Coudriet
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jon Piganelli
- Division of Immunogenetics, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Ruben Zamora
- Department of Surgery and the Center for Inflammation and Regenerative Remodeling, McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Yoram Vodovotz
- Department of Surgery and the Center for Inflammation and Regenerative Remodeling, McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jan J. Enghild
- Department of Molecular Biology, Center for Insoluble Protein Structures (inSPIN) and Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Tim D. Oury
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Englert JM, Kliment CR, Ramsgaard L, Milutinovic PS, Crum L, Tobolewski JM, Oury TD. Paradoxical function for the receptor for advanced glycation end products in mouse models of pulmonary fibrosis. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2011; 4:241-254. [PMID: 21487520 PMCID: PMC3071657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2011] [Accepted: 03/20/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive disease with poor survival. The identification of therapeutic targets is essential to improving outcomes. Previous studies found that expression of the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) in the lung is significantly decreased in human IPF lungs and in two animal models of pulmonary fibrosis. In addition, RAGE-null mice spontaneously develop pulmonary fibrosis with age and more severe fibrosis when challenged with asbestos. In contrast to the findings that the lack of RAGE enhanced pulmonary fibrosis, He et al. found that RAGE null mice were protected from bleomycin-induced fibrosis and suggested the effect was due to a lack of HMGB1 induced RAGE signaling. The current study further tests this hypothesis by blocking RAGE signaling via administration of soluble RAGE, a decoy receptor, to determine if this will also protect against pulmonary fibrosis. Wild-type, RAGE(+/-), and RAGE(-/-) mice were treated with bleomycin and assessed for fibrosis. Wild-type mice were also treated with exogenous soluble RAGE or vehicle control. In addition, in vitro studies with primary alveolar epithelial cells from wild-type and RAGE null mice were used to investigate the effect of RAGE on cell viability and migration in response to injury. A lack of RAGE was found to be protective against bleomycin injury in both in vivo and in vitro studies. However, soluble RAGE administration was unable to ameliorate fibrosis. This study confirms paradoxical responses to two different models of pulmonary fibrosis and suggests a further role for RAGE in cellular migration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Judson M Englert
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Englert JM, Ramsgaard L, Valnickova Z, Enghild JJ, Oury TD. Large scale isolation and purification of soluble RAGE from lung tissue. Protein Expr Purif 2008; 61:99-101. [PMID: 18558495 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2008.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2008] [Revised: 05/12/2008] [Accepted: 05/13/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) has been implicated in numerous disease processes including: atherosclerosis, diabetic nephropathy, impaired wound healing and neuropathy to name a few. Treatment of animals with a soluble isoform of the receptor (sRAGE) has been shown to prevent and even reverse many disease processes. Isolating large quantities of pure sRAGE for in vitro and in vivo studies has hindered its development as a therapeutic strategy in other RAGE mediated diseases that require long-term therapy. This article provides an improvement in both yield and detail of a previously published method to obtain 10mg of pure, endotoxin free sRAGE from 65 g of lung tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Judson M Englert
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street, W957 BST, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Petersen SV, Kristensen T, Petersen JS, Ramsgaard L, Oury TD, Crapo JD, Nielsen NC, Enghild JJ. The folding of human active and inactive extracellular superoxide dismutases is an intracellular event. J Biol Chem 2008; 283:15031-6. [PMID: 18385137 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m801548200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Human extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) is a tetrameric glycoprotein responsible for the removal of superoxide generated in the extracellular space. Two different folding variants of EC-SOD exist based on the disulfide bridge connectivity, resulting in enzymatically active (aEC-SOD) and inactive (iEC-SOD) subunits. As a consequence of this, the assembly of the EC-SOD tetramers produces molecules with variable activity and may represent a way to regulate the antioxidant level in the extracellular space. To determine whether the formation of these two folding variants is an intra- or extracellular event, we analyzed the biosynthesis in human embryonic kidney 293 cells expressing wild-type EC-SOD. These analyses revealed that both folding variants were present in the intra- and extracellular spaces, suggesting that the formation is an intracellular event. To further analyze the biosynthesis, we constructed mutants with the capacity to generate only aEC-SOD (C195S) or iEC-SOD (C45S). The expression of these suggested that the cellular biosynthetic machinery supported the secretion of aEC-SOD but not iEC-SOD. The coexpression of these two mutants did not affect the expression pattern. This study shows that generation of the EC-SOD folding variants is an intracellular event that depends on a free cysteine residue not involved in disulfide bonding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steen V Petersen
- Center for Insoluble Protein Structures and Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Departments of Molecular Biology and Chemistry, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Englert JM, Hanford LE, Kaminski N, Tobolewski JM, Tan RJ, Fattman CL, Ramsgaard L, Richards TJ, Loutaev I, Nawroth PP, Kasper M, Bierhaus A, Oury TD. A role for the receptor for advanced glycation end products in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Am J Pathol 2008; 172:583-91. [PMID: 18245812 DOI: 10.2353/ajpath.2008.070569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a severely debilitating disease associated with a dismal prognosis. There are currently no effective therapies for IPF, thus the identification of novel therapeutic targets is greatly needed. The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily of cell surface receptors whose activation has been linked to various pathologies. In healthy adult animals, RAGE is expressed at the highest levels in the lung compared to other tissues. To investigate the hypothesis that RAGE is involved in IPF pathogenesis, we have examined its expression in two mouse models of pulmonary fibrosis and in human tissue from IPF patients. In each instance we observed a depletion of membrane RAGE and its soluble (decoy) isoform, sRAGE, in fibrotic lungs. In contrast to other diseases in which RAGE signaling promotes pathology, immunohistochemical and hydroxyproline quantification studies on aged RAGE-null mice indicate that these mice spontaneously develop pulmonary fibrosis-like alterations. Furthermore, when subjected to a model of pulmonary fibrosis, RAGE-null mice developed more severe fibrosis, as measured by hydroxyproline assay and histological scoring, than wild-type controls. Combined with data from other studies on mouse models of pulmonary fibrosis and human IPF tissues indicate that loss of RAGE contributes to IPF pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Judson M Englert
- Department of Pathology,University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|