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Kerschner JE. CAR T-cell Immunotherapy Bringing Hope Where None Existed. WMJ 2018; 117:45-46. [PMID: 29677416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
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Sherchan P, Huang L, Wang Y, Akyol O, Tang J, Zhang JH. Recombinant Slit2 attenuates neuroinflammation after surgical brain injury by inhibiting peripheral immune cell infiltration via Robo1-srGAP1 pathway in a rat model. Neurobiol Dis 2016; 85:164-173. [PMID: 26550694 PMCID: PMC4688150 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2015.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Revised: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Peripheral immune cell infiltration to the brain tissue at the perisurgical site can promote neuroinflammation after surgical brain injury (SBI). Slit2, an extracellular matrix protein, has been reported to reduce leukocyte migration. This study evaluated the effect of recombinant Slit2 and the role of its receptor roundabout1 (Robo1) and its downstream mediator Slit-Robo GTPase activating protein 1 (srGAP1)-Cdc42 on peripheral immune cell infiltration after SBI in a rat model. METHODS One hundred and fifty-three adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (280-350 g) were used. Partial resection of right frontal lobe was performed to induce SBI. Slit2 siRNA was administered by intracerebroventricular injection 24h before SBI. Recombinant Slit2 was injected intraperitoneally 1h before SBI. Recombinant Robo1 used as a decoy receptor was co-administered with recombinant Slit2. srGAP1 siRNA was administered by intracerebroventricular injection 24h before SBI. Post-assessments included brain water content measurement, neurological tests, ELISA, Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and Cdc42 activity assay. RESULTS Endogenous Slit2 was increased after SBI. Robo1 was expressed by peripheral immune cells. Endogenous Slit2 knockdown worsened brain edema after SBI. Recombinant Slit2 administration reduced brain edema, neurological deficits, and pro-inflammatory cytokines after SBI. Recombinant Slit2 reduced peripheral immune cell markers cluster of differentiation 45 (CD45) and myeloperoxidase (MPO), as well as Cdc42 activity in the perisurgical brain tissue which was reversed by recombinant Robo1 co-administration and srGAP1 siRNA. CONCLUSIONS Recombinant Slit2 improved outcomes by reducing neuroinflammation after SBI, possibly by decreasing peripheral immune cell infiltration to the perisurgical site through Robo1-srGAP1 mediated inhibition of Cdc42 activity. These results suggest that Slit2 may be beneficial to reduce SBI-induced neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prativa Sherchan
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, U.S.A
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, U.S.A.; Department of Anesthesiology, Loma Linda University, CA 92354, U.S.A
| | - Yuechun Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, U.S.A
| | - Onat Akyol
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, U.S.A
| | - Jiping Tang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, U.S.A
| | - John H Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, U.S.A.; Department of Anesthesiology, Loma Linda University, CA 92354, U.S.A.; Department of Neurosurgery, Loma Linda University, CA 92354, U.S.A..
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Milutinovic PS, Englert JM, Crum LT, Mason NS, Ramsgaard L, Enghild JJ, Sparvero LJ, Lotze MT, Oury TD. Clearance kinetics and matrix binding partners of the receptor for advanced glycation end products. PLoS One 2014; 9:e88259. [PMID: 24642901 PMCID: PMC3958346 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0088259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Elucidating the sites and mechanisms of sRAGE action in the healthy state is vital to better understand the biological importance of the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE). Previous studies in animal models of disease have demonstrated that exogenous sRAGE has an anti-inflammatory effect, which has been reasoned to arise from sequestration of pro-inflammatory ligands away from membrane-bound RAGE isoforms. We show here that sRAGE exhibits in vitro binding with high affinity and reversibly to extracellular matrix components collagen I, collagen IV, and laminin. Soluble RAGE administered intratracheally, intravenously, or intraperitoneally, does not distribute in a specific fashion to any healthy mouse tissue, suggesting against the existence of accessible sRAGE sinks and receptors in the healthy mouse. Intratracheal administration is the only effective means of delivering exogenous sRAGE to the lung, the organ in which RAGE is most highly expressed; clearance of sRAGE from lung does not differ appreciably from that of albumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavle S. Milutinovic
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Judson M. Englert
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Lauren T. Crum
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Neale S. Mason
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Lasse Ramsgaard
- Center for Insoluble Protein Structures, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jan J. Enghild
- Center for Insoluble Protein Structures, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Louis J. Sparvero
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Michael T. Lotze
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Tim D. Oury
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Tae HJ, Kim JM, Park S, Tomiya N, Li G, Wei W, Petrashevskaya N, Ahmet I, Pang J, Cruschwitz S, Riebe RA, Zhang Y, Morrell CH, Browe D, Lee YC, Xiao RP, Talan MI, Lakatta EG, Lin L. The N-glycoform of sRAGE is the key determinant for its therapeutic efficacy to attenuate injury-elicited arterial inflammation and neointimal growth. J Mol Med (Berl) 2013; 91:1369-81. [PMID: 24132651 PMCID: PMC3846495 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-013-1091-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2013] [Revised: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 10/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Signaling of the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) has been implicated in the development of injury-elicited vascular complications. Soluble RAGE (sRAGE) acts as a decoy of RAGE and has been used to treat pathological vascular conditions in animal models. However, previous studies used a high dose of sRAGE produced in insect Sf9 cells (sRAGE(Sf9))and multiple injections to achieve the therapeutic outcome. Here, we explore whether modulation of sRAGE N-glycoform impacts its bioactivity and augments its therapeutic efficacy. We first profiled carbohydrate components of sRAGE produced in Chinese hamster Ovary cells (sRAGE(CHO)) to show that a majority of its N-glycans belong to sialylated complex types that are not shared by sRAGE(Sf9). In cell-based NF-κB activation and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) migration assays, sRAGE(CHO) exhibited a significantly higher bioactivity relative to sRAGE(Sf9) to inhibit RAGE alarmin ligand-induced NF-κB activation and VSMC migration. We next studied whether this N-glycoform-associated bioactivity of sRAGE(CHO) is translated to higher in vivo therapeutic efficacy in a rat carotid artery balloon injury model. Consistent with the observed higher bioactivity in cell assays, sRAGE(CHO) significantly reduced injury-induced neointimal growth and the expression of inflammatory markers in injured vasculature. Specifically, a single dose of 3 ng/g of sRAGE(CHO) reduced neointimal hyperplasia by over 70%, whereas the same dose of sRAGE(Sf9) showed no effect. The administered sRAGE(CHO) is rapidly and specifically recruited to the injured arterial locus, suggesting that early intervention of arterial injury with sRAGE(CHO) may offset an inflammatory circuit and reduce the ensuing tissue remodeling. Our findings showed that the N-glycoform of sRAGE is the key determinant underlying its bioactivity and thus is an important glycobioengineering target to develop a highly potent therapeutic sRAGE for future clinical applications. KEY MESSAGE The specific N-glycoform modification is the key underlying sRAGE bioactivity Markedly reduced sRAGE dose to attenuate neointimal hyperplasia and inflammation Provide a molecular target for glycobioengineering of sRAGE as a therapeutic protein Blocking RAGE alarmin ligands during acute injury phase offsets neointimal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Jin Tae
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chunchon, Korea
| | - Ji Min Kim
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Sungha Park
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Noboru Tomiya
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Geng Li
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, the People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen Wei
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Natalia Petrashevskaya
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Ismayil Ahmet
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - John Pang
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Stefanie Cruschwitz
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Rebecca A. Riebe
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Yinghua Zhang
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Christopher H. Morrell
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Loyola University, Baltimore, Maryland, the United States
| | - David Browe
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Yuan Chuan Lee
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Rui-ping Xiao
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, the People’s Republic of China
| | - Mark I. Talan
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Edward G. Lakatta
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Li Lin
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
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Brisslert M, Amu S, Pullerits R. Intra-peritoneal sRAGE treatment induces alterations in cellular distribution of CD19(+), CD3 (+) and Mac-1 (+) cells in lymphoid organs and peritoneal cavity. Cell Tissue Res 2012; 351:139-48. [PMID: 23086479 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-012-1508-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2012] [Accepted: 09/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is a pattern recognition receptor that binds a variety of pro-inflammatory ligands. Its soluble form, sRAGE, can compete for ligand binding and thereby have an anti-inflammatory effect. We have recently reported that sRAGE also exerts pro-inflammatory and chemotactic properties suggesting a dual role for sRAGE in immune modulation. Our present aim was to analyse the immunomodulatory properties of sRAGE in vivo with respect to acquired immunity. Naive mice were treated intra-peritoneally with sRAGE and cells from peritoneal lavage, spleens and bone marrow were examined. Mice treated with sRAGE displayed an increased leucocyte count in the peritoneal cavity, enlarged spleens and increased cellularity compared with vehicle-treated animals. Furthermore, sRAGE-treated mice had a significantly increased frequency and number of CD19(+) B cells in spleen and a reduced frequency of CD19(+) B cells in bone marrow compared with controls. Functionally, splenocytes from sRAGE-treated mice showed elevated IgG production and up to a four-fold increased IgM secretion compared with control animals and produced significantly higher levels of interleukin-10, interferon-γ and interleukin-6 in response to lipopolysaccharide stimulation. Our results suggest that sRAGE has immunomodulatory properties, since intra-peritoneal administration of sRAGE into healthy mice leads to rearrangements in cellular composition in the bone marrow and spleen. Moreover, the administration of sRAGE directs B cells into the spleen and towards differentiation. Our novel findings indicate that sRAGE exerts an effect on the cells of adaptive immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikael Brisslert
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Lu L, Zhang Q, Xu Y, Zhu ZB, Geng L, Wang LJ, Jin C, Chen QJ, Schmidt AM, Shen WF. Intra-coronary administration of soluble receptor for advanced glycation end-products attenuates cardiac remodeling with decreased myocardial transforming growth factor-beta1 expression and fibrosis in minipigs with ischemia-reperfusion injury. Chin Med J (Engl) 2010; 123:594-598. [PMID: 20367988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cardioprotective effects of soluble receptor for advanced glycation end-products (sRAGE) have not been evaluated in large animals and the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of intra-coronary administration of sRAGE on left ventricular function and myocardial remodeling in a porcine model of ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. METHODS Ten male minipigs with I/R injury were randomly allocated to receive intra-coronary administration of sRAGE (sRAGE group, n = 5) or saline (control group, n = 5). Echocardiography was performed before and 2 months after infarction. Myocardial expression of transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 was determined by immunohistochemistry and fibrosis was evaluated by Sirius red staining. RESULTS As compared with the baseline values in the control animals, left ventricular end-diastolic volume (from (19.5 +/- 5.1) to (32.3 +/- 5.6) ml, P < 0.05) and end-systolic volume (from (8.3 +/- 3.2) to (15.2 +/- 4.1) ml, P< 0.05) were significantly increased, whereas ejection fraction was decreased (from (61.6 +/- 13.3)% to (50.2 +/- 11.9)%, P < 0.05). No obvious change in these parameters was observed in the sRAGE group. Myocardial expression of TGF-beta1 was significantly elevated in the infarct and non-infarct regions in the control group, as compared with sRAGE group (both P< 0.01). Fibrotic lesions were consistently more prominent in the infarct region of the myocardium in the control animals (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Intra-coronary sRAGE administration attenuates RAGE-mediated myocardial fibrosis and I/R injury through a TGF-beta1-dependent mechanism, suggesting a clinical potential in treating RAGE/ligand-associated cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Ruijin Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
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Altay T, McLaughlin B, Wu JY, Park T, Gidday JM. Slit modulates cerebrovascular inflammation and mediates neuroprotection against global cerebral ischemia. Exp Neurol 2007; 207:186-94. [PMID: 17714707 PMCID: PMC2227314 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2007.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2007] [Revised: 05/23/2007] [Accepted: 06/05/2007] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Cerebrovascular inflammation contributes to secondary brain injury following ischemia. Recent in vitro studies of cell migration and molecular guidance mechanisms have indicated that the Slit family of secreted proteins can exert repellant effects on leukocyte recruitment in response to chemoattractants. Utilizing intravital microscopy, we addressed the role of Slit in modulating leukocyte dynamics in the mouse cortical venular microcirculation in vivo following TNFalpha application or global cerebral ischemia. We also studied whether Slit affected neuronal survival in the mouse global ischemia model as well as in mixed neuronal-glial cultures subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation. We found that systemically administered Slit significantly attenuated cerebral microvessel leukocyte-endothelial adherence occurring 4 h after TNFalpha and 24 h after global cerebral ischemia. Administration of RoboN, the soluble receptor for Slit, exacerbated the acute chemotactic response to TNFalpha. These findings are indicative of a tonic repellant effect of endogenous Slit in brain under acute proinflammatory conditions. Three days of continuous systemic administration of Slit following global ischemia significantly attenuated the delayed neuronal death of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells. Moreover, Slit abrogated neuronal death in mixed neuronal-glial cultures exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation. The ability of Slit to reduce the recruitment of immune cells to ischemic brain and to provide cytoprotective effects suggests that this protein may serve as a novel anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective target for stroke therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamer Altay
- Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - BethAnn McLaughlin
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - Jane Y. Wu
- Department of Neurology and Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - T.S. Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Jeffrey M. Gidday
- Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
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Pullerits R, Brisslert M, Jonsson IM, Tarkowski A. Soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products triggers a proinflammatory cytokine cascade via beta2 integrin Mac-1. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 54:3898-907. [PMID: 17133598 DOI: 10.1002/art.22217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is a cell surface molecule that binds a variety of ligands, including high mobility group box chromosomal protein 1 (HMGB-1), a potent proinflammatory cytokine. RAGE-ligand interaction leads to an inflammatory response. A truncated form of the receptor, soluble RAGE (sRAGE), has been suggested to function as a decoy abrogating cellular activation, but its endogenous activity is not fully understood. We undertook this study to assess the properties of sRAGE in vivo and in vitro and to analyze the role of sRAGE in HMGB-1-induced arthritis. METHODS Mice were injected intraarticularly with HMGB-1 and treated systemically with sRAGE prior to histologic joint evaluation. All animals were subjected to peritoneal lavage to assess the local effect of sRAGE treatment. For in vitro studies, mouse splenocytes were incubated with sRAGE followed by assessment of NF-kappaB activation and cytokine production. The chemotactic properties of sRAGE were investigated using in vitro migration assay. RESULTS Soluble RAGE was determined to have proinflammatory properties since it gave rise to production of interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and macrophage inflammatory protein 2. This effect was triggered by interaction with leukocyte beta2 integrin Mac-1 and was mediated via NF-kappaB. Systemic treatment with sRAGE significantly down-regulated HMGB-1-triggered arthritis, but the observed effect was due to a deviation of the inflammatory response from the joint to the peritoneal cavity rather than a genuine antiinflammatory effect. Apart from its proinflammatory properties, sRAGE was proven to act as a chemotactic stimulus for neutrophils. CONCLUSION We conclude that sRAGE interacts with Mac-1, thereby acting as an important proinflammatory and chemotactic molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rille Pullerits
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, The Sahlgrenska Academy at Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden.
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Wendt T, Harja E, Bucciarelli L, Qu W, Lu Y, Rong LL, Jenkins DG, Stein G, Schmidt AM, Yan SF. RAGE modulates vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis in a murine model of type 2 diabetes. Atherosclerosis 2005; 185:70-7. [PMID: 16076470 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2005.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2005] [Accepted: 06/01/2005] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies demonstrated that induction of diabetes with streptozotocin (stz) accelerated atherosclerosis in hyperlipidemic apo E null (-/-) mice. Blockade of the Receptor for Advanced Glycation Endproducts (RAGE) in those animals suppressed acceleration of atherosclerotic lesion area, in a manner independent of changes in levels of glucose, insulin or lipids. In the present studies, we extended these concepts to a murine model of type 2 diabetes, and bred apo E -/- mice into the db/db background. Db/db mice are a model of obesity and insulin resistance-mediated hyperglycemia. Compared to apo E -/- m/db (non-diabetic) mice, apo E -/- db/db (diabetic) mice displayed accelerated atherosclerosis at the aortic sinus. Consistent with an important role for RAGE in this process, administration of soluble (s) RAGE, the extracellular ligand-binding domain of RAGE, resulted in significantly reduced atherosclerotic lesion area in a glycemia- and lipid-independent manner. In parallel, apo E -/- db/db mice displayed RAGE-dependent enhanced expression of Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1, tissue factor and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 antigen/activity in aortae compared to non-diabetic animals. In addition, consistent with the premise that upregulation of RAGE ligands and RAGE occurs even in the non-diabetic, hyperlipidemic state, albeit to lesser degrees than in diabetes, administration of sRAGE to apo E -/- m/db mice resulted in decreased atherosclerotic lesion area at the aortic sinus. Taken together, these findings establish a new murine model for the study of atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes and highlight important roles for RAGE in proatherogenic mechanisms in hyperglycemia triggered by insulin resistance.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Aorta, Thoracic/metabolism
- Aorta, Thoracic/pathology
- Arteritis/etiology
- Arteritis/metabolism
- Arteritis/prevention & control
- Atherosclerosis/etiology
- Atherosclerosis/metabolism
- Atherosclerosis/prevention & control
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/complications
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism
- Glycation End Products, Advanced/administration & dosage
- Glycation End Products, Advanced/metabolism
- Immunoblotting
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products
- Receptors, Immunologic/administration & dosage
- Receptors, Immunologic/metabolism
- Treatment Outcome
- Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Thoralf Wendt
- Department of Surgery, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, 630 W, 168th Street, Black Building 1705, New York, NY 10032, USA
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Mazurov AV, Pevzner DV, Staroverov II, Samko AN, Antonova OA, Ivanov VA, Abugov SA, Gontuar MG, Chestukhin VV, Vlasik TN, Ruda MI. [Results of clinical trials of a novel glycoprotein IIb-IIIa antagonist framon in high-risk coronary angioplasty]. Kardiologiia 2005; 45:4-12. [PMID: 16007042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
New glycoprotein (GP) IIb-IIIa antagonist preparation framon (Monafram), is the F(ab')(2) fragment of a monoclonal antibody FRaMon directed against GP IIb-IIIa. This preparation blocks GP IIb-IIIa binding with fibrinogen and inhibits platelet aggregation both in vitro and upon intravenous administration. Safety and ability of framon to prevent thrombotic complications in high risk coronary angioplasty (CA) was evaluated in the present study. FRAMON was injected intravenously into 153 patients just before the start of procedure as a single bolus at the dose of 0.25 mg/kg. Control group was formed of 126 patients who underwent angioplasty without GP IIb-IIIa blockers. After framon administration there were no allergic reactions or major bleedings, deep thrombocytopenia (< 50000/microl) developed in 1 patient (< 1%), and antibodies against framon were detected in less than 5% of patients. Number of unfavorable outcomes (cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, angina recurrence) within 1 month after CA was 3 times higher in control group than in the group of patients treated with framon (11.4% and 3.3%, respectively, p = 0.018). The effect of framon was most strongly pronounced within the first day after procedure -- administration of the drug reduced number of acute thromboses from 6.5% to 0.7% (p = 0.013). Significant differences between numbers of end points was still preserved at 6 months after procedure (25.7 and 14.2% in control and framon groups, respectively, p = 0.023). The data obtained proved safety and clinical efficacy of framon administration in coronary angioplasty with high risk of thrombotic complications.
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Wear-Maggitti K, Lee J, Conejero A, Schmidt AM, Grant R, Breitbart A. Use of topical sRAGE in diabetic wounds increases neovascularization and granulation tissue formation. Ann Plast Surg 2004; 52:519-21; discussion 522. [PMID: 15096944 DOI: 10.1097/01.sap.0000122857.49274.8c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) accumulate in diabetic wounds as a result of the glycosylation of various proteins. Interaction of AGEs with the receptor for AGEs (RAGE) results in an exaggerated inflammatory response and compromised collagen production. These changes lead to impaired wound healing. A soluble form of RAGE (sRAGE) has been shown to bind AGEs and thereby blunt their pathogenetic effects. Using genetically diabetic C57BLks-db/db mice, the authors applied sRAGE topically to standardized full-thickness wounds to improve diabetic wound healing. They measured various parameters of wound healing such as neovascularization, reepithelialization, collagen formation, and granulation tissue area. Their results showed a statistically significant increase in granulation tissue area and microvascular density in the sRAGE group compared with untreated wounds. There was a trend toward a smaller epithelial gap in the sRAGE-treated group that did not reach statistical significance. The authors conclude that sRAGE may be a powerful treatment of accelerating diabetic wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelley Wear-Maggitti
- Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, New York, NY, USA
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Leung W, Iyengar R, Turner V, Lang P, Bader P, Conn P, Niethammer D, Handgretinger R. Determinants of Antileukemia Effects of Allogeneic NK Cells. J Immunol 2003; 172:644-50. [PMID: 14688377 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.172.1.644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 325] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In HLA-nonidentical bone marrow transplantation, we studied the characteristics of donor NK cells, recipient leukemia cells, and the cytokine environment that predict the antileukemia effects of allogeneic NK cells. We found that the risk of relapse in pediatric patients with hematologic malignancies was best predicted by a model taking into consideration the presence of inhibitory killer cell Ig-like receptors (KIRs) on the donor's NK cells and the absence of corresponding KIR ligand in the recipient's HLA repertoire (a receptor-ligand model). The risk of relapse was prognosticated less precisely by the Perugia donor-recipient KIR ligand-ligand mismatch model or by a natural cytotoxicity model. In contrast to the ligand-ligand model, we found that the new receptor-ligand model was accurate when analysis was applied to patients with lymphoid malignancy. These findings corroborate our observations that the recipient's KIR repertoire, which was derived from highly purified, HLA-disparate CD34+ cells, resumed a donor-specific pattern within 3 mo of transplantation, but did not correlate evidently with the donor or recipient ligand repertoire. In an in vitro assay and an in vivo mouse model, human NK cell cytotoxicity toward human leukemia cells with 11q23 chromosomal rearrangement increased with the number of receptor-ligand mismatch pairs or prestimulation with IL-12 and IL-18. These findings provide new insights into the determinants of antileukemia effects of allogeneic NK cells and therapeutic strategies.
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Animals
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Child
- Child, Preschool
- Cytokines/biosynthesis
- Cytokines/physiology
- Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic/methods
- Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic/statistics & numerical data
- HLA Antigens/administration & dosage
- HLA Antigens/genetics
- HLA Antigens/immunology
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation/methods
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation/statistics & numerical data
- Histocompatibility Testing
- Humans
- Immunotherapy, Adoptive/methods
- Immunotherapy, Adoptive/statistics & numerical data
- Infant
- K562 Cells
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Killer Cells, Natural/transplantation
- Leukemia/immunology
- Leukemia/therapy
- Leukemia, Experimental/immunology
- Leukemia, Experimental/therapy
- Ligands
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Mice, SCID
- Predictive Value of Tests
- Proportional Hazards Models
- Prospective Studies
- Receptors, Immunologic/administration & dosage
- Receptors, Immunologic/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Immunologic/metabolism
- Receptors, KIR
- Risk Factors
- Sensitivity and Specificity
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Affiliation(s)
- Wing Leung
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 332 North Lauderdale Street, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.
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13
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Bucciarelli LG, Wendt T, Qu W, Lu Y, Lalla E, Rong LL, Goova MT, Moser B, Kislinger T, Lee DC, Kashyap Y, Stern DM, Schmidt AM. RAGE blockade stabilizes established atherosclerosis in diabetic apolipoprotein E-null mice. Circulation 2002; 106:2827-35. [PMID: 12451010 DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.0000039325.03698.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 434] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies suggested that blockade of RAGE in diabetic apolipoprotein (apo) E-null mice suppressed early acceleration of atherosclerosis. A critical test of the potential applicability of RAGE blockade to clinical settings was its ability to impact established vascular disease. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that RAGE contributed to lesion progression in established atherosclerosis in diabetic apoE-null mice. METHODS AND RESULTS Male apoE-null mice, age 6 weeks, were rendered diabetic with streptozotocin or treated with citrate buffer. At age 14 weeks, certain mice were killed or treated with once-daily murine soluble RAGE or albumin; all mice were killed at age 20 weeks. Compared with diabetic mice at age 14 weeks, albumin-treated animals displayed increased atherosclerotic lesion area and complexity. In diabetic mice treated with sRAGE from age 14 to 20 weeks, lesion area and complexity were significantly reduced and not statistically different from those observed in diabetic mice at age 14 weeks. In parallel, decreased parameters of inflammation and mononuclear phagocyte and smooth muscle cell activation were observed. CONCLUSIONS RAGE contributes not only to accelerated lesion formation in diabetic apoE-null mice but also to lesion progression. Blockade of RAGE may be a novel strategy to stabilize atherosclerosis and vascular inflammation in established diabetes.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Apolipoproteins E/deficiency
- Apolipoproteins E/genetics
- Arteriosclerosis/complications
- Arteriosclerosis/drug therapy
- Arteriosclerosis/pathology
- Cell Count
- Cell Division/drug effects
- Cell Movement/drug effects
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/chemically induced
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/complications
- Disease Models, Animal
- Disease Progression
- Injections, Intraperitoneal
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/pathology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Myocardium/pathology
- Phagocytes/pathology
- Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products
- Receptors, Immunologic/administration & dosage
- Receptors, Immunologic/antagonists & inhibitors
- Sinus of Valsalva/drug effects
- Sinus of Valsalva/pathology
- Streptozocin
- Treatment Outcome
- Vasculitis/complications
- Vasculitis/drug therapy
- Vasculitis/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Loredana G Bucciarelli
- Division of Surgical Science, College of Physicians & Surgeons, Department of Surgery, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
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14
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Haynes NM, Trapani JA, Teng MWL, Jackson JT, Cerruti L, Jane SM, Kershaw MH, Smyth MJ, Darcy PK. Rejection of syngeneic colon carcinoma by CTLs expressing single-chain antibody receptors codelivering CD28 costimulation. J Immunol 2002; 169:5780-6. [PMID: 12421958 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.169.10.5780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A new strategy to improve the therapeutic utility of redirected T cells for cancer involves the development of novel Ag-specific chimeric receptors capable of stimulating optimal and sustained T cell antitumor activity in vivo. Given that T cells require both primary and costimulatory signals for optimal activation and that many tumors do not express critical costimulatory ligands, modified single-chain Ab receptors have been engineered to codeliver CD28 costimulation. In this study, we have compared the antitumor potency of primary T lymphocytes expressing carcinoembryonic Ag (CEA)-reactive chimeric receptors that incorporate either TCR-zeta or CD28/TCR-zeta signaling. Although both receptor-transduced T cell effector populations demonstrated cytolysis of CEA(+) tumors in vitro, T cells expressing the single-chain variable fragment of Ig (scFv)-CD28-zeta chimera had a far greater capacity to control the growth of CEA(+) xenogeneic and syngeneic colon carcinomas in vivo. The observed enhanced antitumor activity of T cells expressing the scFv-CD28-zeta receptor was critically dependent on perforin and the production of IFN-gamma. Overall, this study has illustrated the ability of a chimeric scFv receptor capable of harnessing the signaling machinery of both TCR-zeta and CD28 to augment T cell immunity against tumors that have lost expression of both MHC/peptide and costimulatory ligands in vivo.
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MESH Headings
- Adenocarcinoma/genetics
- Adenocarcinoma/immunology
- Adenocarcinoma/prevention & control
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/administration & dosage
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/biosynthesis
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/genetics
- Animals
- Binding Sites, Antibody/genetics
- CD28 Antigens/administration & dosage
- CD28 Antigens/genetics
- CD28 Antigens/immunology
- Carcinoembryonic Antigen/administration & dosage
- Carcinoembryonic Antigen/biosynthesis
- Carcinoembryonic Antigen/genetics
- Carcinoembryonic Antigen/immunology
- Cells, Cultured
- Colonic Neoplasms/genetics
- Colonic Neoplasms/immunology
- Colonic Neoplasms/pathology
- Colonic Neoplasms/prevention & control
- Cytotoxicity, Immunologic/genetics
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/genetics
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/metabolism
- Graft Rejection/genetics
- Graft Rejection/immunology
- Growth Inhibitors/administration & dosage
- Growth Inhibitors/biosynthesis
- Growth Inhibitors/genetics
- Humans
- Immunoglobulin Variable Region/administration & dosage
- Immunoglobulin Variable Region/genetics
- Immunoglobulin Variable Region/immunology
- Immunotherapy, Adoptive/methods
- Interferon-gamma/deficiency
- Interferon-gamma/genetics
- Interferon-gamma/physiology
- Membrane Glycoproteins/deficiency
- Membrane Glycoproteins/genetics
- Membrane Glycoproteins/physiology
- Membrane Proteins/genetics
- Membrane Proteins/immunology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, SCID
- Perforin
- Pore Forming Cytotoxic Proteins
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/genetics
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/immunology
- Receptors, Immunologic/administration & dosage
- Receptors, Immunologic/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Immunologic/genetics
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/administration & dosage
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/biosynthesis
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/genetics
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/metabolism
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/transplantation
- Transplantation, Isogeneic
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole M Haynes
- Cancer Immunology Program, Sir Donald and Lady Trescowthick Laboratories, Peter MacCallum Cancer Institute, St. Andrew's Place, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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15
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Abstract
Receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is a multiligand member of the immunoglobulin superfamily of cell surface molecules whose repertoire of ligands includes advanced glycation end products (AGEs), amyloid fibrils, amphoterins and S100/calgranulins. The overlapping distribution of these ligands and cells overexpressing RAGE results in sustained receptor expression which is magnified via the apparent capacity of ligands to upregulate the receptor. We hypothesize that RAGE-ligand interaction is a propagation factor in a range of chronic disorders, based on the enhanced accumulation of the ligands in diseased tissues. For example, increased levels of AGEs in diabetes and renal insufficiency, amyloid fibrils in Alzheimer's disease brain, amphoterin in tumors and S100/calgranulins at sites of inflammation have been identified. The engagement of RAGE by its ligands can be considered the 'first hit' in a two-stage model, in which the second phase of cellular perturbation is mediated by superimposed accumulation of modified lipoproteins (in atherosclerosis), invading bacterial pathogens, ischemic stress and other factors. Taken together, these 'two hits' eventuate in a cellular response with a propensity towards tissue destruction rather than resolution of the offending pathogenic stimulus. Experimental data are cited regarding this hypothesis, though further studies will be required, especially with selective low molecular weight inhibitors of RAGE and RAGE knockout mice, to obtain additional proof in support of our concept.
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MESH Headings
- Amyloidosis/metabolism
- Animals
- Capillary Permeability/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism
- Diabetic Neuropathies/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism
- Erythrocytes/metabolism
- Glycation End Products, Advanced/chemistry
- Glycation End Products, Advanced/metabolism
- Humans
- Ligands
- Lung/metabolism
- Lysine/analogs & derivatives
- Lysine/chemistry
- Membrane Proteins/chemistry
- Membrane Proteins/metabolism
- Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products
- Receptors, Immunologic/administration & dosage
- Receptors, Immunologic/chemistry
- Receptors, Immunologic/metabolism
- Serum Amyloid A Protein/metabolism
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Schmidt
- Department of Surgery, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
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16
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Weinberg AD, Rivera MM, Prell R, Morris A, Ramstad T, Vetto JT, Urba WJ, Alvord G, Bunce C, Shields J. Engagement of the OX-40 receptor in vivo enhances antitumor immunity. J Immunol 2000; 164:2160-9. [PMID: 10657670 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.164.4.2160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 286] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The OX-40 receptor (OX-40R), a member of the TNFR family, is primarily expressed on activated CD4+ T lymphocytes. Engagement of the OX-40R, with either OX-40 ligand (OX-40L) or an Ab agonist, delivers a strong costimulatory signal to effector T cells. OX-40R+ T cells isolated from inflammatory lesions in the CNS of animals with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis are the cells that respond to autoantigen (myelin basic protein) in vivo. We identified OX-40R+ T cells within primary tumors and tumor-invaded lymph nodes of patients with cancer and hypothesized that they are the tumor-Ag-specific T cells. Therefore, we investigated whether engagement of the OX-40R in vivo during tumor priming would enhance a tumor-specific T cell response. Injection of OX-40L:Ig or anti-OX-40R in vivo during tumor priming resulted in a significant improvement in the percentage of tumor-free survivors (20-55%) in four different murine tumors derived from four separate tissues. This anti-OX-40R effect was dose dependent and accentuated tumor-specific T cell memory. The data suggest that engagement of the OX-40R in vivo augments tumor-specific priming by stimulating/expanding the natural repertoire of the host's tumor-specific CD4+ T cells. The identification of OX-40R+ T cells clustered around human tumor cells in vivo suggests that engagement of the OX-40R may be a practical approach for expanding tumor-reactive T cells and thereby a method to improve tumor immunotherapy in patients with cancer.
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MESH Headings
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/administration & dosage
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/metabolism
- Animals
- Breast Neoplasms/immunology
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Cancer Vaccines/administration & dosage
- Cancer Vaccines/immunology
- Cancer Vaccines/metabolism
- Colorectal Neoplasms/immunology
- Colorectal Neoplasms/prevention & control
- Female
- Humans
- Ligands
- Lymph Nodes/immunology
- Lymph Nodes/pathology
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/immunology
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/prevention & control
- Melanoma, Experimental/immunology
- Melanoma, Experimental/prevention & control
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Neoplasm Transplantation
- Receptors, Immunologic/administration & dosage
- Receptors, Immunologic/immunology
- Receptors, Immunologic/metabolism
- Receptors, OX40
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor
- Sarcoma, Experimental/immunology
- Sarcoma, Experimental/prevention & control
- Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 7/administration & dosage
- Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 7/biosynthesis
- Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 7/immunology
- Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 7/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- A D Weinberg
- Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Robert W. Franz Cancer Research Center, Providence Portland Medical Center, Portland, OR 97213, USA.
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