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Iskusnykh IY, Fattakhov N, Li Y, Bihannic L, Kirchner MK, Steshina EY, Northcott PA, Chizhikov VV. Lmx1a is a master regulator of the cortical hem. eLife 2023; 12:e84095. [PMID: 37725078 PMCID: PMC10508884 DOI: 10.7554/elife.84095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Development of the nervous system depends on signaling centers - specialized cellular populations that produce secreted molecules to regulate neurogenesis in the neighboring neuroepithelium. In some cases, signaling center cells also differentiate to produce key types of neurons. The formation of a signaling center involves its induction, the maintenance of expression of its secreted molecules, and cell differentiation and migration events. How these distinct processes are coordinated during signaling center development remains unknown. By performing studies in mice, we show that Lmx1a acts as a master regulator to orchestrate the formation and function of the cortical hem (CH), a critical signaling center that controls hippocampus development. Lmx1a co-regulates CH induction, its Wnt signaling, and the differentiation and migration of CH-derived Cajal-Retzius neurons. Combining RNAseq, genetic, and rescue experiments, we identified major downstream genes that mediate distinct Lmx1a-dependent processes. Our work revealed that signaling centers in the mammalian brain employ master regulatory genes and established a framework for analyzing signaling center development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Y Iskusnykh
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisUnited States
| | - Nikolai Fattakhov
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisUnited States
| | - Yiran Li
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisUnited States
| | - Laure Bihannic
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisUnited States
| | - Matthew K Kirchner
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisUnited States
| | - Ekaterina Y Steshina
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisUnited States
| | - Paul A Northcott
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisUnited States
| | - Victor V Chizhikov
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisUnited States
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2
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Smith KS, Bihannic L, Gudenas BL, Haldipur P, Tao R, Gao Q, Li Y, Aldinger KA, Iskusnykh IY, Chizhikov VV, Scoggins M, Zhang S, Edwards A, Deng M, Glass IA, Overman LM, Millman J, Sjoboen AH, Hadley J, Golser J, Mankad K, Sheppard H, Onar-Thomas A, Gajjar A, Robinson GW, Hovestadt V, Orr BA, Patay Z, Millen KJ, Northcott PA. Unified rhombic lip origins of group 3 and group 4 medulloblastoma. Nature 2022; 609:1012-1020. [PMID: 36131015 PMCID: PMC9748853 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05208-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Medulloblastoma, a malignant childhood cerebellar tumour, segregates molecularly into biologically distinct subgroups, suggesting that a personalized approach to therapy would be beneficial1. Mouse modelling and cross-species genomics have provided increasing evidence of discrete, subgroup-specific developmental origins2. However, the anatomical and cellular complexity of developing human tissues3-particularly within the rhombic lip germinal zone, which produces all glutamatergic neuronal lineages before internalization into the cerebellar nodulus-makes it difficult to validate previous inferences that were derived from studies in mice. Here we use multi-omics to resolve the origins of medulloblastoma subgroups in the developing human cerebellum. Molecular signatures encoded within a human rhombic-lip-derived lineage trajectory aligned with photoreceptor and unipolar brush cell expression profiles that are maintained in group 3 and group 4 medulloblastoma, suggesting a convergent basis. A systematic diagnostic-imaging review of a prospective institutional cohort localized the putative anatomical origins of group 3 and group 4 tumours to the nodulus. Our results connect the molecular and phenotypic features of clinically challenging medulloblastoma subgroups to their unified beginnings in the rhombic lip in the early stages of human development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle S Smith
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Laure Bihannic
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Brian L Gudenas
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Parthiv Haldipur
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ran Tao
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Qingsong Gao
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
- Department of Pathology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Yiran Li
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Kimberly A Aldinger
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Igor Y Iskusnykh
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Tennessee, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Victor V Chizhikov
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Tennessee, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Matthew Scoggins
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Silu Zhang
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Angela Edwards
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Mei Deng
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ian A Glass
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lynne M Overman
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Jake Millman
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alexandria H Sjoboen
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jennifer Hadley
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Joseph Golser
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kshitij Mankad
- Department of Radiology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK
| | - Heather Sheppard
- Department of Pathology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Arzu Onar-Thomas
- Department of Biostatistics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Amar Gajjar
- Department of Oncology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Giles W Robinson
- Department of Oncology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Volker Hovestadt
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brent A Orr
- Department of Pathology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Zoltán Patay
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Kathleen J Millen
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Paul A Northcott
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
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3
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Northcott P, Smith K, Kumar R, Paul L, Bihannic L, Lin T, Maass K, Pajtler K, Chintagumpala M, Su J, Bouffet E, Fisher M, Gururangan S, Cohn R, Hassall T, Hansford J, Klimo P, Boop F, Stewart C, Harreld J, Merchant T, Tatevossian R, Neale G, Lear M, Klco J, Orr B, Ellison D, Gilbertson R, Onar-Thomas A, Gajjar A, Robinson G. MEDB-74. Serial assessment of measurable residual disease in medulloblastoma liquid biopsies. Neuro Oncol 2022. [PMCID: PMC9164954 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noac079.448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Nearly one-third of children with medulloblastoma, a malignant embryonal tumor of the cerebellum, succumb to their disease. Conventional response monitoring by imaging and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytology remains challenging and a marker for measurable residual disease (MRD) is lacking. Here, we show the clinical utility of CSF-derived cell-free DNA (cfDNA) as a biomarker of MRD in serial samples collected from children with medulloblastoma (123 patients, 476 samples) enrolled on a prospective trial. Using low-coverage whole-genome sequencing, tumor-associated copy-number variations (CNVs) in CSF-derived cfDNA are investigated as an MRD surrogate. MRD is detected at baseline in 85% and 54% of patients with metastatic and localized disease, respectively. The number of MRD-positive patients decline with therapy, yet those with persistent MRD have significantly higher risk of progression. Importantly, MRD detection precedes radiographic progression in half who relapse. Our findings advocate for the prospective assessment of CSF-derived liquid biopsies in future trials for medulloblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Northcott
- St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital , Memphis, TN , USA
| | - Kyle Smith
- St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital , Memphis, TN , USA
| | - Rahul Kumar
- St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital , Memphis, TN , USA
| | - Leena Paul
- St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital , Memphis, TN , USA
| | - Laure Bihannic
- St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital , Memphis, TN , USA
| | - Tong Lin
- St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital , Memphis, TN , USA
| | - Kendra Maass
- German Cancer Research Center , Heidelberg , Germany
| | | | | | - Jack Su
- Texas Children’s Cancer Center , Houston, TX , USA
| | - Eric Bouffet
- The Hospital for Sick Children , Toronto, ON , Canada
| | - Michael Fisher
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia , Philadelphia, PA , USA
| | | | | | - Tim Hassall
- Queensland Children’s Hospital , Brisbane , Australia
| | | | - Paul Klimo
- St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital , Memphis, TN , USA
| | - Frederick Boop
- St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital , Memphis, TN , USA
| | | | - Julie Harreld
- Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine , Hanover, NH , USA
| | | | | | - Geoffrey Neale
- St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital , Memphis, TN , USA
| | - Matthew Lear
- St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital , Memphis, TN , USA
| | - Jeffery Klco
- St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital , Memphis, TN , USA
| | - Brent Orr
- St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital , Memphis, TN , USA
| | - David Ellison
- St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital , Memphis, TN , USA
| | | | | | - Amar Gajjar
- St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital , Memphis, TN , USA
| | - Giles Robinson
- St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital , Memphis, TN , USA
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4
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Smith KS, Billups CA, Dhanda SK, Bihannic L, Vasilyeva A, Li Y, Michalski JM, Olsen JM, Leary S, Fouladi M, Gajjar A, Onar A, Northcott PA, Robinson GW. MEDB-69. Clinical and molecular meta-analysis of three major medulloblastoma clinical trials (ACNS0331, SJMB03, ACNS0332) uncovers novel strategies to improve risk-stratified therapy. Neuro Oncol 2022. [PMCID: PMC9165139 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noac079.443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Given the vast molecular heterogeneity present within medulloblastoma (MB) and considerable differences in therapy, we performed a meta-analysis of three large, recently published, prospective clinical trials (ACNS0331, SJMB03, ACNS0332) comprising 898 children with newly-diagnosed MB to shape future therapy. METHODS: Molecular subgroups, subtypes, and copy number variations were uniformly procured from DNA methylation profiles and mutations from next-generation sequencing. Patients were stratified into six clinically homogeneous groups for cross-trial comparisons: (1) ACNS0331_LDCSI - patients with non-metastatic (M0), non-residual (R0), non-anaplastic MB treated with low-dose (LD) craniospinal irradiation(CSI); (2) ACNS0331_SDCSI - patients with M0R0 non-anaplastic MB treated with standard-dose(SD) CSI; (3) SJMB03_SDCSI - patients with M0R0 non-anaplastic MB treated with SDCSI; (4) SJMB03_HDCSI - patients with metastatic (M+) MB treated with high-dose (HD) CSI; (5) ACNS0332_HDCSI - patients with M+ MB treated with HDCSI; (6) ACNS0332_HDCSI_Carbo - patients with M+ MB treated with HDCSI and carboplatin. RESULTS: 803 (WNT=125, SHH=122, G3=189, G4=367) of 898 patients formed the cohort. No significant difference was observed between the event-free survival (EFS) from ACNS0331_SDCSI and SJMB03_SDCSI or from SJMB03_HDCSI and ACNS0332_HDCSI when analyzed as a whole or by subgroup. ACNS0331_LDCSI outcome was inferior to the combined ACNS0331_SDCSI + SJMB03_SDCSI cohorts (p<0.001) and in G3 (p=0.030). ACNS0332_HDCSI_Carbo EFS was superior to ACNS0332_HDCSI + SJMB03_HDCSI only in G3/G4_subtype III (p=0.045). Additional molecular risk factor analysis identified M0R0 G3/G4_subtype VII and SHH without high-risk features as very low risk (>90% EFS) and M0R0 G3/G4_subtype III as high risk (<40% EFS). CONCLUSION: The comparable results observed across trials presents a welcome opportunity to reduce toxicity by eliminating excessive doses of chemotherapy (i.e. vincristine, cisplatin, and cyclophosphamide) from therapy. Furthermore, these results support molecularly driven risk classification as the means for a better, more-refined, treatment stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle S Smith
- St Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, TN , USA
| | | | | | - Laure Bihannic
- St Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, TN , USA
| | | | - Yimei Li
- St Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, TN , USA
| | | | - James M Olsen
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center , Seattle, WA , USA
| | - Sarah Leary
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center , Seattle, WA , USA
| | | | - Amar Gajjar
- St Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, TN , USA
| | - Arzu Onar
- St Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, TN , USA
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5
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Gabler L, Gojo J, Smith KS, Bihannic L, Filbin MG, Northcott PA, Berger W, Hovestadt V. MEDB-82. Exploring cell-cell communication networks in medulloblastoma using single-cell genomics. Neuro Oncol 2022. [PMCID: PMC9164635 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noac079.456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Medulloblastoma is a high-risk embryonal brain tumor arising in the cerebellum. Genomic profiling has revealed a striking molecular heterogeneity between medulloblastoma patients, yet treatment regimens are mostly uniform. Many children with medulloblastoma die from their disease and surviving patients often face severe long-term side effects, highlighting an urgent need for more effective treatment options. We and others have recently identified pronounced intra-tumoral heterogeneity and defined cellular hierarchies within medulloblastoma tumors. The functional role of these cellular hierarchies remains unknown. We now hypothesize the existence of an inter-cellular communication network that is maintained by receptor/ligand interactions. To test our hypothesis, we use our medulloblastoma single-cell RNA sequencing dataset of 25 patients, as well as bulk RNA sequencing, DNA methylation array, and genome sequencing data across molecular subtypes. Single-cell RNA sequencing data are analyzed to dissect cell compartments characterized by high expression of potentially oncogenic receptors and their respective ligands. Consequently, cell type-specific roles in auto- or paracrine signal transduction within the cellular community are explored. We further investigate downstream oncogenic signaling pathways by approximating transcription factor activity and explore genetic and epigenetic activation mechanisms by matched genome sequencing and DNA methylation profiling, respectively. Our findings will be applied to deconvolute bulk RNA sequencing data, thus identifying therapeutically relevant signaling networks in larger cohorts of medulloblastoma patients. Eventually, candidate targets will be validated on patient-derived cell models and xenografts by overexpression and inhibition studies. Together, here we aim at identifying tumor-driving receptor/ligand interactions in medulloblastoma, with the goal to define targets susceptible to precision oncology approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Gabler
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Boston Children’s Cancer and Blood Disorders Center , Boston, MA , USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT , Cambridge, MA , USA
| | - Johannes Gojo
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine and Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria
| | - Kyle S Smith
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital , Memphis, TN , USA
| | - Laure Bihannic
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital , Memphis, TN , USA
| | - Mariella G Filbin
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Boston Children’s Cancer and Blood Disorders Center , Boston, MA , USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT , Cambridge, MA , USA
| | - Paul A Northcott
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital , Memphis, TN , USA
| | - Walter Berger
- Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria
| | - Volker Hovestadt
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Boston Children’s Cancer and Blood Disorders Center , Boston, MA , USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT , Boston, MA , USA
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6
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Smith K, Bihannic L, Gudenas B, Gao Q, Haldipur P, Tao R, Iskusnykh I, Chizhikov V, Scoggins M, Zhang S, Edwards A, Deng M, Glass I, Overman L, Millman J, Sjoboen A, Hadley J, Mankad K, Onar-Thomas A, Gajjar A, Robinson G, Aldinger K, Hovestadt V, Tillman H, Orr B, Patay Z, Millen K, Northcott P. MEDB-78. Unified rhombic lip origins of Group 3 and Group 4 medulloblastoma. Neuro Oncol 2022. [PMCID: PMC9165102 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noac079.452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Identification and characterization of lineage-specific beginnings of distinct medulloblastoma (MB) subgroups is a fundamental challenge in the field. Genetically engineered mouse models and cross-species transcriptomics have provided mounting evidence of discrete, subgroup-specific developmental origins. Likewise, murine single-cell transcriptional atlases of cerebellar development have recently provided further clues into MB subgroup origins, particularly for poorly defined Group 3 and Group 4-MB. However, initial studies were underpowered to characterize rare populations and lacked robust validation, resulting in incomplete findings. Herein, we leveraged a large harmonized murine cerebellar atlas, targeted lineage enrichment, and integrative multi-omic strategies to deeply dissect MB origins. Isolation of spatially and temporally discrete developmental trajectories of key glutamatergic lineages born out of the murine upper rhombic lip provided an enhanced reference for mapping MB subgroup origins, especially for Group 3 and Group 4-MB. However, human-specific anatomic and cellular complexity, particularly within the rhombic lip germinal zone complicated murine-derived inferences. Further tumor-normal integrations using a novel single-cell atlas of the human fetal cerebellum, companioned with laser-capture micro-dissected transcriptional and epigenetic datasets, reinforced developmental insights extracted from candidate murine cerebellar lineages. Characterization of compartment-specific transcriptional signatures identified in the human upper rhombic lip implicated convergent cellular correlates of Group 3 and Group 4-MB, suggestive of a common developmental trajectory underlying their ancestry. Systematic imaging review and 3D summarization of a large clinical trial series of patient tumors, coupled with our advanced insights into developmental signatures, substantiated subgroup-specific tumor location patterns observed at diagnosis. Together, our results strongly implicate a common lineage trajectory of the upper rhombic lip as the probable origin of Group 3 and Group 4-MB. These important findings provide unprecedented opportunities to explore context-dependent mechanisms of MB pathogenesis and will foster generation of improved preclinical models that more faithfully recapitulate tumor biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle Smith
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, TN , USA
| | - Laure Bihannic
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, TN , USA
| | - Brian Gudenas
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, TN , USA
| | - Qingsong Gao
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, TN , USA
| | | | - Ran Tao
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, TN , USA
| | | | | | | | - Silu Zhang
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, TN , USA
| | - Angela Edwards
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, TN , USA
| | - Mei Deng
- University of Washington , Seattle, WA , USA
| | - Ian Glass
- University of Washington , Seattle, WA , USA
| | | | - Jake Millman
- Seattle Children's Research Institute , Seattle, WA , USA
| | | | | | - Kshitij Mankad
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children , London , United Kingdom
| | | | - Amar Gajjar
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, TN , USA
| | - Giles Robinson
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, TN , USA
| | | | | | | | - Brent Orr
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, TN , USA
| | - Zoltán Patay
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, TN , USA
| | | | - Paul Northcott
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, TN , USA
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7
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Graetz DE, Sniderman E, Villegas C, Ragab I, Laptsevich A, Maliti B, Naidu G, Zhang H, Gassant P, Nunes L, Arce D, Vasquez JM, Arora RS, Alcasabas AP, Rusmawatiningtyas D, Raza MR, Hamid SA, Velasco P, Kambugu J, Vinitsky A, Bolous NS, Haidar CE, Bihannic L, Sa da Bandeira D, Wang JX, Li D, Graca F, Vasilyeva A, Lesmana H, Galindo CR, Agulnik A, Moreira DC. Utilizing Multilingual Methods and Rapid Analysis for Global Qualitative Research During a Pandemic. Glob Qual Nurs Res 2022; 9:23333936221080969. [PMID: 35237707 PMCID: PMC8883294 DOI: 10.1177/23333936221080969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Historically, qualitative research has complemented quantitative biologic and epidemiologic studies to provide a more complete understanding of pandemics. The COVID-19 pandemic has generated unique and novel challenges for qualitative researchers, who have embraced creative solutions including virtual focus groups and rapid analyses to continue their work. We present our experience conducting a multilingual global qualitative study of healthcare resilience among teams of pediatric oncology professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic. We provide an in-depth description of our methodology and an analysis of factors we believe contributed to our study’s success including our use of technology, engagement of a large multilingual team, global partnerships, and framework-based rapid analysis. We hope these techniques may be useful to qualitative researchers conducting studies during the current pandemic, as well as for all pediatric oncology studies including multiple languages or geographically disparate subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Iman Ragab
- Ain Shams University, Children’s Hospital, Hematology-Oncology Unit, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Aliaksandra Laptsevich
- Belarusian Research Center for Pediatric Oncology Hematology and Immunology, Minsk, Belarus
| | | | - Gita Naidu
- Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Hui Zhang
- Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou, China
| | | | | | - Daniela Arce
- Hospital Pediatrico de Sinaloa, Culiacan, Mexico
| | | | | | - Ana P Alcasabas
- University of the Philippines, Philippine General Hospital, Manila, Philippines
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Anna Vinitsky
- St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Jade X Wang
- St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Dongfang Li
- St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Flavia Graca
- St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | | | - Harry Lesmana
- St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | | | - Asya Agulnik
- St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
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8
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Sniderman ER, Graetz DE, Agulnik A, Ranadive R, Vedaraju Y, Chen Y, Devidas M, Chantada GL, Hessissen L, Dalvi R, Pritchard‐Jones K, Rodriguez‐Galindo C, Moreira DC, Bolous NS, Haidar CE, Bihannic L, Sa da Bandeira D, Wang JX, Li D, Graca F, Vasilyeva A, Lesmana H. Impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on pediatric oncology providers globally: A mixed‐methods study. Cancer 2022; 128:1493-1502. [PMID: 35067925 PMCID: PMC9015299 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.34090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) disrupted pediatric oncology care globally, increasing demands on health care providers (HCPs) who adapted to continue care. This study sought to characterize the pandemic's impact on pediatric oncology HCPs worldwide. Methods A 60‐item survey focused on changes to clinical care, resources, and effects on clinicians. A diverse subgroup of institutions was purposefully selected for focus groups that explored teamwork, communication, and changes to care delivery. Results The survey included 311 responses from 213 institutions representing 79 countries. Sixteen institutions participated in 19 multidisciplinary focus groups in 8 languages. Decreased clinical staff availability was cited by 51% of institutions as a major impact. Staffing modifications included decreased provider availability (66% of institutions), roles or responsibility changes, and transfer outside the specialty. Physical effects included frequent COVID‐19 illness; 8% of respondents reported HCP deaths. Fifty percent of providers did not have the necessary personal protective equipment. HCPs also experienced psychological distress and financial concerns. Findings indicated more frequent impact on nurses than other providers. Impacts were described across all hospital resource levels, with staffing modifications more frequent in countries with higher COVID‐19 incidence (P < .001) and mortality rate (P = .004). Focus groups revealed negative impacts were stabilized by increased teamwork, communication, contributions outside usual roles, policies aimed at optimizing safety, and feeling that they were contributing. Conclusions COVID‐19 had a profound impact on the pediatric oncology workforce, creating challenging modifications to staffing and resulting in physical, psychological, and financial distress. Despite these challenges, HCPs caring for children with cancer came together to continue to provide high‐quality care. This mixed‐methods study reveals the impact that the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic has had on pediatric oncology providers globally, and it highlights the importance of implementing strategies to protect the health care workforce during challenging situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth R. Sniderman
- Department of Global Pediatric Medicine St. Jude Children's Research Hospital Memphis Tennessee
| | - Dylan E. Graetz
- Department of Global Pediatric Medicine St. Jude Children's Research Hospital Memphis Tennessee
| | - Asya Agulnik
- Department of Global Pediatric Medicine St. Jude Children's Research Hospital Memphis Tennessee
| | - Radhikesh Ranadive
- Department of Global Pediatric Medicine St. Jude Children's Research Hospital Memphis Tennessee
| | - Yuvanesh Vedaraju
- Department of Global Pediatric Medicine St. Jude Children's Research Hospital Memphis Tennessee
| | - Yichen Chen
- Department of Global Pediatric Medicine St. Jude Children's Research Hospital Memphis Tennessee
| | - Meenakshi Devidas
- Department of Global Pediatric Medicine St. Jude Children's Research Hospital Memphis Tennessee
| | - Guillermo L. Chantada
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Fundacion Perez Scremini‐Hospital Pereira Rossell Montevideo Uruguay
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Hospital Sant Joan de Deu Barcelona Spain
| | - Laila Hessissen
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Mohammed V University Rabat Morocco
| | - Rashmi Dalvi
- Department of Pediatrics Bombay Hospital Institute of Medical Sciences Bombay India
| | - Kathy Pritchard‐Jones
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health University College London London England
| | | | - Daniel C. Moreira
- Department of Global Pediatric Medicine St. Jude Children's Research Hospital Memphis Tennessee
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9
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Liu APY, Smith K, Kumar R, Paul L, Lin T, Maass K, Pajtler K, Bihannic L, Orr B, Ellison D, Gilbertson R, Onar-Thomas A, Gajjar A, Robinson G, Northcott P. BIOM-36. SERIAL ASSESSMENT OF MEASURABLE RESIDUAL DISEASE IN MEDULLOBLASTOMA LIQUID BIOPSIES. Neuro Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noab196.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Medulloblastoma is the most common malignant brain tumor in children. Despite the use of contemporary multi-modal therapy, up to one-third of patients will succumb to disease progression. Conventional response monitoring is based on magnetic resonance imaging and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytology and a marker for measurable residual disease (MRD) is lacking. In this study, we show the clinical utility of profiling CSF-derived cell-free DNA (cfDNA) as a biomarker of MRD based on a sizable cohort of children with medulloblastoma enrolled on a prospective, multi-center, risk-adapted trial (SJMB03; NCT00085202). A total of 476 CSF samples were serially collected from 123 patients by lumbar puncture at post-operative baseline, during therapy, and at regular surveillance after completion of therapy. Using low-coverage whole-genome sequencing (lcWGS), tumor-associated copy-number alterations in CSF-derived cfDNA were investigated as an MRD surrogate for correlation with clinical features and outcomes. MRD was detected in post-operative baseline CSF samples for 85% and 54% of patients with metastatic and localized disease, respectively. The number of MRD-positive patients declined with therapy, yet those with persistent MRD detected at the end of therapy (20 of 68 CSFs at this timepoint) had significantly higher risk of disease progression (hazard ratio 8.94, 95%CI 4.10-19.49; log-rank p< 0.0001). Importantly, MRD-positivity from routine surveillance samples often preceded radiographic progression by more than 3 months. Comparative analyses of copy-number variations obtained from serial CSF samples enabled identification of relapse-specific alterations and early detection of relapse-dominant clones. Overall, our findings advocate for the routine incorporation of CSF-derived liquid biopsies in future medulloblastoma trials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kyle Smith
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | | | - Leena Paul
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Tong Lin
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Kendra Maass
- German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | - Brent Orr
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - David Ellison
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Richard Gilbertson
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, CRUK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Amar Gajjar
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
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10
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Smith K, Bihannic L, Gudenas B, Gao Q, Haldipur P, Hovestadt V, Iskusnykh I, Chizhikov V, Deng M, Glass I, Robinson G, Orr B, Patay Z, Aldinger K, Millen K, Northcott P. EPCO-26. INTEGRATIVE MULTI-OMICS IDENTIFIES CONVERGING DEVELOPMENTAL ORIGINS OF DISTINCT MEDULLOBLASTOMA SUBGROUPS. Neuro Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noab196.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Understanding the interplay between normal development and tumorigenesis, including the identification and characterization of lineage-specific origins of MB, is a fundamental challenge in the field. Recent studies have highlighted novel associations between biologically distinct MB subgroups and diverse murine cerebellar lineages via cross-species single-cell transcriptomics. Specifically, Group 4-MB correlated with the unipolar brush cell lineage and Group 3-MB resembled Nestin+ stem cells of the early cerebellum. However, these analyses were hampered by low resolution due to the sparsity of pertinent cerebellar cell types and the cross-species nature of the approach. Herein, we profoundly expand the depth of these rare developmental populations in the murine cerebellum using a combination of lineage tracing and integrative multi-omics. Isolation and enrichment of spatially and temporally unique developmental trajectories of key rhombic lip-derived glutamatergic lineages provided an enhanced reference for mapping MB subgroups based on molecular overlap, especially for poorly defined Group 3- and Group 4-MB. Further comparisons to a novel single-cell atlas of the human fetal cerebellum, companioned with laser-capture microdissected transcriptional and epigenetic datasets, reinforced developmental insights extracted from the mouse. Characterization of compartment-specific transcriptional programs and co-expression networks identified in the human upper rhombic lip implicated convergent cellular correlates of Group 3- and Group 4-MB, suggestive of a common developmental link. Together, our results strongly implicate developmental lineages of the upper rhombic lip as the probable origins of poorly defined Group 3- and Group 4-MB. These important findings will shape future efforts to accurately model the biological heterogeneity underlying these subgroups and provide unprecedented opportunities to explore their cellular and mechanistic basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle Smith
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | | | - Brian Gudenas
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Qingsong Gao
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Mei Deng
- University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ian Glass
- Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Brent Orr
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Zoltan Patay
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
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11
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Liu APY, Smith KS, Kumar R, Paul L, Bihannic L, Lin T, Maass KK, Pajtler KW, Chintagumpala M, Su JM, Bouffet E, Fisher MJ, Gururangan S, Cohn R, Hassall T, Hansford JR, Klimo P, Boop FA, Stewart CF, Harreld JH, Merchant TE, Tatevossian RG, Neale G, Lear M, Klco JM, Orr BA, Ellison DW, Gilbertson RJ, Onar-Thomas A, Gajjar A, Robinson GW, Northcott PA. Serial assessment of measurable residual disease in medulloblastoma liquid biopsies. Cancer Cell 2021; 39:1519-1530.e4. [PMID: 34678152 PMCID: PMC9620970 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2021.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Nearly one-third of children with medulloblastoma, a malignant embryonal tumor of the cerebellum, succumb to their disease. Conventional response monitoring by imaging and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytology remains challenging, and a marker for measurable residual disease (MRD) is lacking. Here, we show the clinical utility of CSF-derived cell-free DNA (cfDNA) as a biomarker of MRD in serial samples collected from children with medulloblastoma (123 patients, 476 samples) enrolled on a prospective trial. Using low-coverage whole-genome sequencing, tumor-associated copy-number variations in CSF-derived cfDNA are investigated as an MRD surrogate. MRD is detected at baseline in 85% and 54% of patients with metastatic and localized disease, respectively. The number of MRD-positive patients declines with therapy, yet those with persistent MRD have significantly higher risk of progression. Importantly, MRD detection precedes radiographic progression in half who relapse. Our findings advocate for the prospective assessment of CSF-derived liquid biopsies in future trials for medulloblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony P Y Liu
- Division of Neuro-Oncology, Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA; Division of Brain Tumor Research, Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Kyle S Smith
- Division of Brain Tumor Research, Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Rahul Kumar
- Division of Brain Tumor Research, Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA; St. Jude Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Leena Paul
- Division of Brain Tumor Research, Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Laure Bihannic
- Division of Brain Tumor Research, Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Tong Lin
- Department of Biostatistics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Kendra K Maass
- Division of Pediatric Neuro-oncology, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kristian W Pajtler
- Division of Pediatric Neuro-oncology, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Murali Chintagumpala
- Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children's Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jack M Su
- Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children's Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Eric Bouffet
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Michael J Fisher
- Division of Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Sridharan Gururangan
- Preston A. Wells Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, UF Health Shands Hospital, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
| | - Richard Cohn
- Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, and UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2031, Australia
| | - Tim Hassall
- Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia
| | - Jordan R Hansford
- Children's Cancer Centre, The Royal Children's Hospital, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Paul Klimo
- Department of Surgery, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38105, USA; Le Bonheur Neuroscience Institute, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Frederick A Boop
- Department of Surgery, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38105, USA; Le Bonheur Neuroscience Institute, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Clinton F Stewart
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Julie H Harreld
- Department of Radiology, Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Thomas E Merchant
- Department of Radiation Oncology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Ruth G Tatevossian
- Diagnostic Biomarkers Shared Resource, Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Geoffrey Neale
- Hartwell Center, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Matthew Lear
- Department of Pathology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Jeffery M Klco
- Department of Pathology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Brent A Orr
- Department of Pathology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - David W Ellison
- Department of Pathology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Richard J Gilbertson
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, CRUK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Arzu Onar-Thomas
- Department of Biostatistics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Amar Gajjar
- Division of Neuro-Oncology, Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Giles W Robinson
- Division of Neuro-Oncology, Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Paul A Northcott
- Division of Brain Tumor Research, Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.
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12
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Gudenas B, Englinger B, Liu APY, Tong Y, Meredith D, Pfaff E, Lin T, Orr BA, Klimo P, Bihannic L, Paul L, Kumar R, Bouffet E, Gururangan S, Crawford JR, Kellie SJ, Chintagumpala M, Fisher MJ, Bowers DC, Hassall T, Indelicato DJ, Ellison DW, Boop FA, Merchant TE, Chiang J, Robinson GW, Gajjar A, Alexandrescu S, Jones DTW, Filbin MG, Northcott PA. ETMR-06. DISSECTING THE MOLECULAR AND DEVELOPMENTAL BASIS OF PINEOBLASTOMA THROUGH GENOMICS. Neuro Oncol 2020. [PMCID: PMC7715543 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noaa222.210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pineoblastoma (PB) is an aggressive embryonal brain tumor comprising 1% of pediatric CNS tumors. The clinico-molecular heterogeneity and developmental origins underlying PB are poorly understood; therefore, we have assembled a molecular cohort of histologically defined PBs (n=43) with corresponding outcome data. Methylation profiling revealed four molecularly and clinically distinct PB subgroups, including two novel entities. Mutational and transcriptional analysis identified characteristic molecular features of each subgroup, such as mutations in the miRNA processing pathway or FOXR2 proto-oncogene overexpression. Furthermore, subgroups exhibited differences in propensity for metastasis, cytogenetics, and clinical outcomes. To dissect PB developmental origins and resolve PB subgroup biology, we have employed a combination of single-cell genomics and genetically engineered mouse modeling. We created a single-cell transcriptional atlas of the developing murine pineal gland across 11 timepoints and are currently integrating these data with single nuclei RNA-seq data of human PB (n=25). Single-cell analysis of the developing pineal gland revealed three distinct populations of pinealocytes, referred to as early, mid and late pinealocytes, which segregate by developmental stage yet lie along a single developmental trajectory. Preliminary results implicate significant associations between PBs and the early pinealocyte population as well as subgroup-specific differences in intratumoral heterogeneity. Furthermore, this knowledge has informed the downstream generation of biologically faithful disease models, including a transgenic mouse model of the PB-RB subgroup. Remarkably, this model shows up-regulation of key markers of PB such as Crx, Asmt and Otx2 and substantiates early pinealocytes as the probable cell-of-origin for this PB subgroup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Gudenas
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Bernhard Englinger
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber/Boston Children’s Cancer and Blood Disorder Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anthony P Y Liu
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Yiai Tong
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - David Meredith
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elke Pfaff
- Hopp Children’s Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Pediatric Glioma Research Group (B360), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tong Lin
- Department of Biostatistics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Brent A Orr
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Paul Klimo
- Department of Surgery, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Laure Bihannic
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Leena Paul
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Rahul Kumar
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Eric Bouffet
- Pediatric Brain Tumor Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sridharan Gururangan
- Preston A, Wells Jr, Center of Brain Tumor Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - John R Crawford
- University of California San Diego and Rady Children’s Hospital, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Stewart J Kellie
- Children’s Cancer Centre, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead & University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Murali Chintagumpala
- Texas Children’s Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michael J Fisher
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Oncology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Daniel C Bowers
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Tim Hassall
- Queensland Children’s Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Daniel J Indelicato
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - David W Ellison
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Frederick A Boop
- Department of Surgery, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Thomas E Merchant
- Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Jason Chiang
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Giles W Robinson
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Amar Gajjar
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Sanda Alexandrescu
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David T W Jones
- Hopp Children’s Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Pediatric Glioma Research Group (B360), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mariella G Filbin
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber/Boston Children’s Cancer and Blood Disorder Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paul A Northcott
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
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13
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Bihannic L, Hovestadt V, Smith K, Filbin M, Shaw M, Baumgartner A, DeWitt J, Groves A, Mayr L, Weisman H, Richman A, Shore M, Goumnerova L, Rosencrance C, Carter R, Phoenix T, Hadley J, Tong Y, Houston J, Ashmun R, DeCuypere M, Sharma T, Ligon K, Pomeroy S, Rivera M, Rozenblatt-Rosen O, Rusert J, Wechsler-Reya R, Li XN, Peyrl A, Gojo J, Kirchhofer D, Lötsch D, Czech T, Dorfer C, Haberler C, Geyeregger R, Halfmann A, Gawad C, Easton J, Pfister S, Regev A, Gajjar A, Orr B, Slavc I, Robinson G, Bernstein B, Suvà M, Northcott P. PDTM-32. RESOLVING MEDULLOBLASTOMA CELLULAR ARCHITECTURE BY SINGLE-CELL GENOMICS. Neuro Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noz175.808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Medulloblastoma is a malignant childhood cerebellar tumor comprised of distinct molecular subgroups. Whereas genomic characteristics of these subgroups are well defined, the extent to which cellular diversity underlies their divergent biology and clinical behaviour remains largely unexplored. We used single-cell transcriptomics to investigate intra- and inter-tumoral heterogeneity in twenty-five medulloblastomas spanning all molecular subgroups. WNT, SHH, and Group 3 tumors comprised subgroup-specific undifferentiated and differentiated neuronal-like malignant populations, whereas Group 4 tumors were exclusively comprised of differentiated neuronal-like neoplastic cells. SHH tumors closely resembled granule neurons of varying differentiation states that correlated with patient age. Group 3 and Group 4 tumors exhibited a developmental trajectory from primitive progenitor-like to more mature neuronal-like cells, whose relative proportions distinguished these subgroups. Cross-species transcriptomics defined distinct glutamatergic populations as putative cells-of-origin for SHH and Group 4 subtypes. Collectively, these data provide novel insights into the cellular and developmental states underlying subtype-specific medulloblastoma biology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kyle Smith
- St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | | | - McKenzie Shaw
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - John DeWitt
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Andrew Groves
- Dana-Farber Boston Children’s Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lisa Mayr
- Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Marni Shore
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Liliana Goumnerova
- Dana-Farber Boston Children’s Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Robert Carter
- St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | | | | | - Yiai Tong
- St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Jim Houston
- St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | | | | | - Tanvi Sharma
- Hopp Children’s Cancer Centre at National Centre for Tumour Diseases Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Keith Ligon
- Dana-Farber Boston Children’s Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Miguel Rivera
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Jessica Rusert
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Research Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Xiao-Nan Li
- Pre-clinical Neuro-oncology Research Program, Texas Children’s Cancer Center, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Angela Halfmann
- Children’s Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), Vienna, Austria
| | - Charles Gawad
- St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - John Easton
- St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Stefan Pfister
- Hopp Children’s Cancer Centre at National Centre for Tumour Diseases Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Aviv Regev
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Amar Gajjar
- St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Brent Orr
- St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Irene Slavc
- Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Mario Suvà
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
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14
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Carter RA, Bihannic L, Rosencrance C, Hadley JL, Tong Y, Phoenix TN, Natarajan S, Easton J, Northcott PA, Gawad C. A Single-Cell Transcriptional Atlas of the Developing Murine Cerebellum. Curr Biol 2018; 28:2910-2920.e2. [PMID: 30220501 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2018.07.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The cerebellum develops from a restricted number of cell types that precisely organize to form the circuitry that controls sensory-motor coordination and some higher-order cognitive processes. To acquire an enhanced understanding of the molecular processes that mediate cerebellar development, we performed single-cell RNA-sequencing of 39,245 murine cerebellar cells at twelve critical developmental time points. Using recognized lineage markers, we confirmed that the single-cell data accurately recapitulate cerebellar development. We then followed distinct populations from emergence through migration and differentiation, and determined the associated transcriptional cascades. After identifying key lineage commitment decisions, focused analyses uncovered waves of transcription factor expression at those branching points. Finally, we created Cell Seek, a flexible online interface that facilitates exploration of the dataset. Our study provides a transcriptional summarization of cerebellar development at single-cell resolution that will serve as a valuable resource for future investigations of cerebellar development, neurobiology, and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Carter
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Laure Bihannic
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Celeste Rosencrance
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Jennifer L Hadley
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Yiai Tong
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Timothy N Phoenix
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Sivaraman Natarajan
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - John Easton
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.
| | - Paul A Northcott
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.
| | - Charles Gawad
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA; Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.
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15
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Hovestadt V, Filbin MG, Bihannic L, Shaw ML, DeWitt JM, Groves A, Smith KS, Hadley J, Gajjar A, Robinson GW, Mayr L, Slavc I, Goumnerova L, Ligon KL, Suva ML, Northcott PA, Bernstein BE. MBRS-28. SINGLE-CELL TRANSCRIPTOME ANALYSIS OF MEDULLOBLASTOMA. Neuro Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noy059.473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Volker Hovestadt
- Department of Pathology and Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Mariella G Filbin
- Department of Pathology and Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Dana-Farber Boston Children’s Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Laure Bihannic
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - McKenzie L Shaw
- Department of Pathology and Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - John M DeWitt
- Department of Pathology and Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Andrew Groves
- Department of Pathology and Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Kyle S Smith
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Jennifer Hadley
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Amar Gajjar
- Department of Oncology, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Giles W Robinson
- Department of Oncology, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Lisa Mayr
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Irene Slavc
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Liliana Goumnerova
- Dana-Farber Boston Children’s Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Keith L Ligon
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Dana-Farber Boston Children’s Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mario L Suva
- Department of Pathology and Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Paul A Northcott
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Bradley E Bernstein
- Department of Pathology and Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
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16
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Garancher A, Lin CY, Morabito M, Richer W, Rocques N, Larcher M, Bihannic L, Smith K, Miquel C, Leboucher S, Herath NI, Dupuy F, Varlet P, Haberler C, Walczak C, El Tayara N, Volk A, Puget S, Doz F, Delattre O, Druillennec S, Ayrault O, Wechsler-Reya RJ, Eychène A, Bourdeaut F, Northcott PA, Pouponnot C. NRL and CRX Define Photoreceptor Identity and Reveal Subgroup-Specific Dependencies in Medulloblastoma. Cancer Cell 2018; 33. [PMID: 29533784 PMCID: PMC6368680 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2018.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells often express differentiation programs unrelated to their tissue of origin, although the contribution of these aberrant phenotypes to malignancy is poorly understood. An aggressive subgroup of medulloblastoma, a malignant pediatric brain tumor of the cerebellum, expresses a photoreceptor differentiation program normally expressed in the retina. We establish that two photoreceptor-specific transcription factors, NRL and CRX, are master regulators of this program and are required for tumor maintenance in this subgroup. Beyond photoreceptor lineage genes, we identify BCL-XL as a key transcriptional target of NRL and provide evidence substantiating anti-BCL therapy as a rational treatment opportunity for select MB patients. Our results highlight the utility of studying aberrant differentiation programs in cancer and their potential as selective therapeutic vulnerabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Garancher
- Institut Curie - Recherche, Laboratoire 110, Centre Universitaire, Orsay Cedex 91405, France; INSERM U1021, Centre Universitaire, Orsay 91405, France; CNRS UMR 3347, Centre Universitaire, Orsay 91405, France; Université Paris Sud-11, 91405 Orsay, France; PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Charles Y Lin
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Morgane Morabito
- Institut Curie - Recherche, Laboratoire 110, Centre Universitaire, Orsay Cedex 91405, France; INSERM U1021, Centre Universitaire, Orsay 91405, France; CNRS UMR 3347, Centre Universitaire, Orsay 91405, France; Université Paris Sud-11, 91405 Orsay, France; PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Wilfrid Richer
- PSL Research University, Paris, France; Institut Curie, Paris 75248, France; INSERM U830, Paris 75248, France; Translational Research in Pediatric Oncology, Institut Curie SiRIC, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Rocques
- Institut Curie - Recherche, Laboratoire 110, Centre Universitaire, Orsay Cedex 91405, France; INSERM U1021, Centre Universitaire, Orsay 91405, France; CNRS UMR 3347, Centre Universitaire, Orsay 91405, France; Université Paris Sud-11, 91405 Orsay, France; PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Magalie Larcher
- Institut Curie - Recherche, Laboratoire 110, Centre Universitaire, Orsay Cedex 91405, France; INSERM U1021, Centre Universitaire, Orsay 91405, France; CNRS UMR 3347, Centre Universitaire, Orsay 91405, France; Université Paris Sud-11, 91405 Orsay, France; PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Laure Bihannic
- Institut Curie - Recherche, Laboratoire 110, Centre Universitaire, Orsay Cedex 91405, France; INSERM U1021, Centre Universitaire, Orsay 91405, France; CNRS UMR 3347, Centre Universitaire, Orsay 91405, France; Université Paris Sud-11, 91405 Orsay, France; PSL Research University, Paris, France; Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, MS325, Memphis, TN 38017, USA
| | - Kyle Smith
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, MS325, Memphis, TN 38017, USA
| | - Catherine Miquel
- Departement de Neuropathologie, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, INSERM UMR_S1165, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Leboucher
- Institut Curie - Recherche, Laboratoire 110, Centre Universitaire, Orsay Cedex 91405, France
| | - Nirmitha I Herath
- Institut Curie - Recherche, Laboratoire 110, Centre Universitaire, Orsay Cedex 91405, France; INSERM U1021, Centre Universitaire, Orsay 91405, France; CNRS UMR 3347, Centre Universitaire, Orsay 91405, France; Université Paris Sud-11, 91405 Orsay, France; PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Fanny Dupuy
- Institut Curie - Recherche, Laboratoire 110, Centre Universitaire, Orsay Cedex 91405, France; INSERM U1021, Centre Universitaire, Orsay 91405, France; CNRS UMR 3347, Centre Universitaire, Orsay 91405, France; Université Paris Sud-11, 91405 Orsay, France; PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Pascale Varlet
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; Departement de Neuropathologie, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, INSERM U894, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | | | - Christine Walczak
- Institut Curie - Recherche, Laboratoire 110, Centre Universitaire, Orsay Cedex 91405, France; Université Paris Sud-11, 91405 Orsay, France; PSL Research University, Paris, France; INSERM U1196, CNRS UMR9187, Centre Universitaire, Orsay 91405, France
| | - Nadine El Tayara
- Institut Curie - Recherche, Laboratoire 110, Centre Universitaire, Orsay Cedex 91405, France; Université Paris Sud-11, 91405 Orsay, France; PSL Research University, Paris, France; INSERM U1196, CNRS UMR9187, Centre Universitaire, Orsay 91405, France
| | - Andreas Volk
- Institut Curie - Recherche, Laboratoire 110, Centre Universitaire, Orsay Cedex 91405, France; Université Paris Sud-11, 91405 Orsay, France; PSL Research University, Paris, France; INSERM U1196, CNRS UMR9187, Centre Universitaire, Orsay 91405, France
| | - Stéphanie Puget
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; AP-HP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Département Neurochirurgie pédiatrique, Paris, France
| | - François Doz
- Institut Curie, Paris 75248, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; SIREDO Center (Care, innovation, Research in pediatric, adolescent and young adult oncology), Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Delattre
- PSL Research University, Paris, France; Institut Curie, Paris 75248, France; INSERM U830, Paris 75248, France; SIREDO Center (Care, innovation, Research in pediatric, adolescent and young adult oncology), Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Sabine Druillennec
- Institut Curie - Recherche, Laboratoire 110, Centre Universitaire, Orsay Cedex 91405, France; INSERM U1021, Centre Universitaire, Orsay 91405, France; CNRS UMR 3347, Centre Universitaire, Orsay 91405, France; Université Paris Sud-11, 91405 Orsay, France; PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Ayrault
- Institut Curie - Recherche, Laboratoire 110, Centre Universitaire, Orsay Cedex 91405, France; INSERM U1021, Centre Universitaire, Orsay 91405, France; CNRS UMR 3347, Centre Universitaire, Orsay 91405, France; Université Paris Sud-11, 91405 Orsay, France; PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Robert J Wechsler-Reya
- Tumor Initiation & Maintenance Program, NCI-Designated Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Alain Eychène
- Institut Curie - Recherche, Laboratoire 110, Centre Universitaire, Orsay Cedex 91405, France; INSERM U1021, Centre Universitaire, Orsay 91405, France; CNRS UMR 3347, Centre Universitaire, Orsay 91405, France; Université Paris Sud-11, 91405 Orsay, France; PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Franck Bourdeaut
- PSL Research University, Paris, France; Institut Curie, Paris 75248, France; INSERM U830, Paris 75248, France; Translational Research in Pediatric Oncology, Institut Curie SiRIC, Paris, France; SIREDO Center (Care, innovation, Research in pediatric, adolescent and young adult oncology), Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Paul A Northcott
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, MS325, Memphis, TN 38017, USA.
| | - Celio Pouponnot
- Institut Curie - Recherche, Laboratoire 110, Centre Universitaire, Orsay Cedex 91405, France; INSERM U1021, Centre Universitaire, Orsay 91405, France; CNRS UMR 3347, Centre Universitaire, Orsay 91405, France; Université Paris Sud-11, 91405 Orsay, France; PSL Research University, Paris, France.
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17
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Grausam KB, Dooyema SDR, Bihannic L, Premathilake H, Morrissy AS, Forget A, Schaefer AM, Gundelach JH, Macura S, Maher DM, Wang X, Heglin AH, Ge X, Zeng E, Puget S, Chandrasekar I, Surendran K, Bram RJ, Schüller U, Talyor MD, Ayrault O, Zhao H. ATOH1 Promotes Leptomeningeal Dissemination and Metastasis of Sonic Hedgehog Subgroup Medulloblastomas. Cancer Res 2017; 77:3766-3777. [PMID: 28490517 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-1836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2016] [Revised: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Medulloblastoma arising from the cerebellum is the most common pediatric brain malignancy, with leptomeningeal metastases often present at diagnosis and recurrence associated with poor clinical outcome. In this study, we used mouse medulloblastoma models to explore the relationship of tumor pathophysiology and dysregulated expression of the NOTCH pathway transcription factor ATOH1, which is present in aggressive medulloblastoma subtypes driven by aberrant Sonic Hedgehog/Patched (SHH/PTCH) signaling. In experiments with conditional ATOH1 mouse mutants crossed to Ptch1+/- mice, which develop SHH-driven medulloblastoma, animals with Atoh1 transgene expression developed highly penetrant medulloblastoma at a young age with extensive leptomeningeal disease and metastasis to the spinal cord and brain, resembling xenografts of human SHH medulloblastoma. Metastatic tumors retained abnormal SHH signaling like tumor xenografts. Conversely, ATOH1 expression was detected consistently in recurrent and metastatic SHH medulloblastoma. Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing and gene expression profiling identified candidate ATOH1 targets in tumor cells involved in development and tumorigenesis. Among these targets specific to metastatic tumors, there was an enrichment in those implicated in extracellular matrix remodeling activity, cytoskeletal network and interaction with microenvironment, indicating a shift in transcriptomic and epigenomic landscapes during metastasis. Treatment with bone morphogenetic protein or SHH pathway inhibitors decreased tumor cell proliferation and suppressed metastatic tumor growth, respectively. Our work reveals a dynamic ATOH1-driven molecular cascade underlying medulloblastoma metastasis that offers possible therapeutic opportunities. Cancer Res; 77(14); 3766-77. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie B Grausam
- Children's Health Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota.,Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine, Vermillion, South Dakota
| | - Samuel D R Dooyema
- Children's Health Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota
| | - Laure Bihannic
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR, INSERM, Orsay, France
| | | | - A Sorana Morrissy
- The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Antoine Forget
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR, INSERM, Orsay, France
| | - Amanda M Schaefer
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota
| | - Justin H Gundelach
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota.,Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Slobodan Macura
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Minnesota
| | - Diane M Maher
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota
| | - Xin Wang
- The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alex H Heglin
- Department of Biology, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota
| | - Xijin Ge
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota
| | - Erliang Zeng
- Department of Biology, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota.,Department of Computer Science, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota
| | - Stephanie Puget
- AP-HP, Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Necker Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Indra Chandrasekar
- Children's Health Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota.,Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine, Vermillion, South Dakota.,Department of Pediatrics, University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine, Sioux Falls, South Dakota
| | - Kameswaran Surendran
- Children's Health Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota.,Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine, Vermillion, South Dakota.,Department of Pediatrics, University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine, Sioux Falls, South Dakota
| | - Richard J Bram
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota.,Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Ulrich Schüller
- Research Institute Children's Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael D Talyor
- The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Olivier Ayrault
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR, INSERM, Orsay, France.,Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR 3347, INSERM U1021, Orsay, France
| | - Haotian Zhao
- Children's Health Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota. .,Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine, Vermillion, South Dakota.,Cancer Biology Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota.,Department of Pediatrics, University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine, Sioux Falls, South Dakota
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18
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Cigna SM, Forget A, Bihannic L, Remke M, Humbert S, Taylor MD, Lasorella A, Ayrault O. MB-18 * POST-TRANSLATIONAL REGULATION OF ATOH1: FROM CEREBELLAR DEVELOPMENT TO MEDULLOBLASTOMA FORMATION. Neuro Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nov061.94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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19
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Hoch L, Faure H, Roudaut H, Schoenfelder A, Mann A, Girard N, Bihannic L, Ayrault O, Petricci E, Taddei M, Rognan D, Ruat M. MRT-92 inhibits Hedgehog signaling by blocking overlapping binding sites in the transmembrane domain of the Smoothened receptor. FASEB J 2015; 29:1817-29. [PMID: 25636740 DOI: 10.1096/fj.14-267849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The Smoothened (Smo) receptor, a member of class F G protein-coupled receptors, is the main transducer of the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway implicated in a wide range of developmental and adult processes. Smo is the target of anticancer drugs that bind to a long and narrow cavity in the 7-transmembrane (7TM) domain. X-ray structures of human Smo (hSmo) bound to several ligands have revealed 2 types of 7TM-directed antagonists: those binding mostly to extracellular loops (site 1, e.g., LY2940680) and those penetrating deeply in the 7TM cavity (site 2, e.g., SANT-1). Here we report the development of the acylguanidine MRT-92, which displays subnanomolar antagonist activity against Smo in various Hh cell-based assays. MRT-92 inhibits rodent cerebellar granule cell proliferation induced by Hh pathway activation through pharmacologic (half maximal inhibitory concentration [IC50] = 0.4 nM) or genetic manipulation. Using [(3)H]MRT-92 (Kd = 0.3 nM for hSmo), we created a comprehensive framework for the interaction of small molecule modulators with hSmo and for understanding chemoresistance linked to hSmo mutations. Guided by molecular docking and site-directed mutagenesis data, our work convincingly confirms that MRT-92 simultaneously recognized and occupied both sites 1 and 2. Our data demonstrate the existence of a third type of Smo antagonists, those entirely filling the Smo binding cavity from the upper extracellular part to the lower cytoplasmic-proximal subpocket. Our studies should help design novel potent Smo antagonists and more effective therapeutic strategies for treating Hh-linked cancers and associated chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucile Hoch
- *Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche-9197, Neuroscience Paris-Saclay Institute, Molecules Circuits Department, Signal Transduction and Developmental Neuropharmacology Team, Gif-sur-Yvette, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche-7200, Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche-3306, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1005, Institut Curie, Centre Universitaire, Orsay, France; and Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Helene Faure
- *Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche-9197, Neuroscience Paris-Saclay Institute, Molecules Circuits Department, Signal Transduction and Developmental Neuropharmacology Team, Gif-sur-Yvette, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche-7200, Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche-3306, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1005, Institut Curie, Centre Universitaire, Orsay, France; and Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Hermine Roudaut
- *Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche-9197, Neuroscience Paris-Saclay Institute, Molecules Circuits Department, Signal Transduction and Developmental Neuropharmacology Team, Gif-sur-Yvette, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche-7200, Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche-3306, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1005, Institut Curie, Centre Universitaire, Orsay, France; and Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Angele Schoenfelder
- *Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche-9197, Neuroscience Paris-Saclay Institute, Molecules Circuits Department, Signal Transduction and Developmental Neuropharmacology Team, Gif-sur-Yvette, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche-7200, Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche-3306, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1005, Institut Curie, Centre Universitaire, Orsay, France; and Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Andre Mann
- *Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche-9197, Neuroscience Paris-Saclay Institute, Molecules Circuits Department, Signal Transduction and Developmental Neuropharmacology Team, Gif-sur-Yvette, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche-7200, Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche-3306, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1005, Institut Curie, Centre Universitaire, Orsay, France; and Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Nicolas Girard
- *Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche-9197, Neuroscience Paris-Saclay Institute, Molecules Circuits Department, Signal Transduction and Developmental Neuropharmacology Team, Gif-sur-Yvette, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche-7200, Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche-3306, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1005, Institut Curie, Centre Universitaire, Orsay, France; and Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Laure Bihannic
- *Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche-9197, Neuroscience Paris-Saclay Institute, Molecules Circuits Department, Signal Transduction and Developmental Neuropharmacology Team, Gif-sur-Yvette, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche-7200, Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche-3306, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1005, Institut Curie, Centre Universitaire, Orsay, France; and Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Olivier Ayrault
- *Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche-9197, Neuroscience Paris-Saclay Institute, Molecules Circuits Department, Signal Transduction and Developmental Neuropharmacology Team, Gif-sur-Yvette, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche-7200, Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche-3306, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1005, Institut Curie, Centre Universitaire, Orsay, France; and Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Elena Petricci
- *Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche-9197, Neuroscience Paris-Saclay Institute, Molecules Circuits Department, Signal Transduction and Developmental Neuropharmacology Team, Gif-sur-Yvette, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche-7200, Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche-3306, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1005, Institut Curie, Centre Universitaire, Orsay, France; and Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Maurizio Taddei
- *Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche-9197, Neuroscience Paris-Saclay Institute, Molecules Circuits Department, Signal Transduction and Developmental Neuropharmacology Team, Gif-sur-Yvette, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche-7200, Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche-3306, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1005, Institut Curie, Centre Universitaire, Orsay, France; and Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Didier Rognan
- *Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche-9197, Neuroscience Paris-Saclay Institute, Molecules Circuits Department, Signal Transduction and Developmental Neuropharmacology Team, Gif-sur-Yvette, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche-7200, Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche-3306, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1005, Institut Curie, Centre Universitaire, Orsay, France; and Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Martial Ruat
- *Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche-9197, Neuroscience Paris-Saclay Institute, Molecules Circuits Department, Signal Transduction and Developmental Neuropharmacology Team, Gif-sur-Yvette, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche-7200, Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche-3306, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1005, Institut Curie, Centre Universitaire, Orsay, France; and Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Siena, Italy
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20
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Forget A, Bihannic L, Cigna S, Lefevre C, Remke M, Barnat M, Dodier S, Shirvani H, Mercier A, Mensah A, Garcia M, Humbert S, Taylor MD, Lasorella A, Ayrault O. CS-08 * SONIC HEDGEHOG SIGNALING PROTECTS ATOH1 FROM DEGRADATION MEDIATED BY THE HECT DOMAIN E3 UBIQUITIN LIGASE HUWE1 IN CEREBELLAR GRANULE NEURON PROGENITORS. Neuro Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nou242.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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21
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Bihannic L, Forget A, Cigna SM, Lefevre C, Remke M, Barnat M, Dodier S, Shirvani H, Mercier A, Mensah A, Garcia M, Humbert S, Taylor MD, Lasorella A, Ayrault O. CS-01 * THE PHOSPHORYLATION OF ATOH1 LEADS TO ITS DEGRADATION MEDIATED BY THE E3 UBIQUITIN LIGASE HUWE1 IN GRANULE NEURON PROGENITORS. Neuro Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nou242.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Morfouace M, Shelat A, Jacus M, Freeman BB, Turner D, Robinson S, Zindy F, Wang YD, Finkelstein D, Ayrault O, Bihannic L, Puget S, Li XN, Olson JM, Robinson GW, Guy RK, Stewart CF, Gajjar A, Roussel MF. Pemetrexed and gemcitabine as combination therapy for the treatment of Group3 medulloblastoma. Cancer Cell 2014; 25:516-29. [PMID: 24684846 PMCID: PMC3994669 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2014.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2013] [Revised: 10/29/2013] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
We devised a high-throughput, cell-based assay to identify compounds to treat Group3 medulloblastoma (G3 MB). Mouse G3 MBs neurospheres were screened against a library of approximately 7,000 compounds including US Food and Drug Administration-approved drugs. We found that pemetrexed and gemcitabine preferentially inhibited G3 MB proliferation in vitro compared to control neurospheres and substantially inhibited G3 MB proliferation in vivo. When combined, these two drugs significantly increased survival of mice bearing cortical implants of mouse and human G3 MBs that overexpress MYC compared to each agent alone, while having little effect on mouse MBs of the sonic hedgehog subgroup. Our findings strongly suggest that combination therapy with pemetrexed and gemcitabine is a promising treatment for G3 MBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Morfouace
- Department of Tumor Cell Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Anang Shelat
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Megan Jacus
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Burgess B Freeman
- Department of Preclinical Pharmacokinetics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - David Turner
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Sarah Robinson
- Department of Tumor Cell Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Frederique Zindy
- Department of Tumor Cell Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Yong-Dong Wang
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - David Finkelstein
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Olivier Ayrault
- Institut Curie/CNRS UMR 3306/INSERM U1005 Building 110, Centre Universitaire, 91405 Orsay, Cedex, France
| | - Laure Bihannic
- Institut Curie/CNRS UMR 3306/INSERM U1005 Building 110, Centre Universitaire, 91405 Orsay, Cedex, France
| | - Stephanie Puget
- AP-HP, Department of Neurosurgery, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Université Rene Descartes, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Xiao-Nan Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology-Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - James M Olson
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Giles W Robinson
- Department of NeuroOncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - R Kiplin Guy
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Clinton F Stewart
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Amar Gajjar
- Department of NeuroOncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Martine F Roussel
- Department of Tumor Cell Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.
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Murphy BL, Obad S, Bihannic L, Ayrault O, Zindy F, Kauppinen S, Roussel MF. Silencing of the miR-17~92 cluster family inhibits medulloblastoma progression. Cancer Res 2013; 73:7068-78. [PMID: 24145352 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-13-0927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Medulloblastoma, originating in the cerebellum, is the most common malignant brain tumor in children. Medulloblastoma consists of four major groups where constitutive activation of the Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) signaling pathway is a hallmark of one group. Mouse and human SHH medulloblastomas exhibit increased expression of microRNAs encoded by the miR-17~92 and miR-106b~25 clusters compared with granule progenitors and postmitotic granule neurons. Here, we assessed the therapeutic potential of 8-mer seed-targeting locked nucleic acid (LNA)-modified anti-miR oligonucleotides, termed tiny LNAs, that inhibit microRNA seed families expressed by miR-17~92 and miR-106b~25 in two mouse models of SHH medulloblastomas. We found that tumor cells (medulloblastoma cells) passively took up 8-mer LNA-anti-miRs and specifically inhibited targeted microRNA seed-sharing family members. Inhibition of miR-17 and miR-19a seed families by anti-miR-17 and anti-miR-19, respectively, resulted in diminished tumor cell proliferation in vitro. Treatment of mice with systemic delivery of anti-miR-17 and anti-miR-19 reduced tumor growth in flank and brain allografts in vivo and prolonged the survival of mice with intracranial transplants, suggesting that inhibition of the miR-17~92 cluster family by 8-mer LNA-anti-miRs might be considered for the treatment of SHH medulloblastomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian L Murphy
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Tumor Cell Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee; Santaris Pharma, Hørsholm; and Department of Haematology, Aalborg University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Bie L, Ju Y, Jin Z, Donovan L, Birks S, Grunewald L, Zmuda F, Pilkington G, Kaul A, Chen YH, Dahiya S, Emnett R, Gianino S, Gutmann D, Poschl J, Bianchi E, Bockstaller M, Neumann P, Schuller U, Gevorgian A, Morozova E, Kazantsev I, Iukhta T, Safonova S, Punanov Y, Zheludkova O, Afanasyev B, Buss M, Remke M, Gandhi K, Kool M, Northcott P, Pfister S, Taylor M, Castellino R, Thompson J, Margraf L, Donahue D, Head H, Murray J, Burger P, Wortham M, Reitman Z, He Y, Bigner D, Yan H, Lee C, Triscott J, Foster C, Manoranjan B, Pambid MR, Fotovati A, Berns R, Venugopal C, O'Halloran K, Narendran A, Northcott P, Taylor MD, Singh SK, Singhal A, Rassekh R, Maxwell CA, Dunham C, Dunn SE, Pambid MR, Berns R, Hu K, Adomat H, Moniri M, Chin MY, Hessein M, Zisman N, Maurer N, Dunham C, Guns E, Dunn S, Koks C, De Vleeschouwer S, Graf N, Van Gool S, D'Asti E, Huang A, Korshunov A, Pfister S, Rak J, Gump W, Moriarty T, Gump W, Skjei K, Karkare S, Castelo-Branco P, Choufani S, Mack S, Gallagher D, Zhang C, Merino D, Wasserman J, Kool M, Jones DT, Croul S, Kreitzer F, Largaespada D, Conklin B, Taylor M, Weiss W, Garzia L, Morrissy S, Zayne K, Wu X, Dirks P, Hawkins C, Dick J, Stein L, Collier L, Largaespada D, Dupuy A, Taylor M, Rampazzo G, Moraes L, Paniago M, Oliveira I, Hitzler J, Silva N, Cappellano A, Cavalheiro S, Alves MT, Cerutti J, Toledo S, Liu Z, Zhao X, Mao H, Baxter P, Wang JCY, Huang Y, Yu L, Su J, Adekunle A, Perlaky L, Hurwitz M, Hurwitz R, Lau C, Chintagumpala M, Blaney S, Baruchel S, Li XN, Zhang J, Hariono S, Hashizume R, Fan Q, James CD, Weiss WA, Nicolaides T, Madsen PJ, Slaunwhite ES, Dirks PB, Ma JF, Henn RE, Hanno AG, Boucher KL, Storm PB, Resnick AC, Lourdusamy A, Rogers H, Ward J, Rahman R, Malkin D, Gilbertson R, Grundy R, Lourdusamy A, Rogers H, Ward J, Rahman R, Gilbertson R, Grundy R, Karajannis M, Fisher M, Pfister S, Milla S, Cohen K, Legault G, Wisoff J, Harter D, Merkelson A, Bloom M, Dhall G, Jones D, Korshunov A, Taylor MD, Pfister S, Eberhart C, Sievert A, Resnick A, Zagzag D, Allen J, Hankinson T, Gump J, Serrano-Almeida C, Torok M, Weksberg R, Handler M, Liu A, Foreman N, Garancher A, Rocques N, Miquel C, Sainte-Rose C, Delattre O, Bourdeaut F, Eychene A, Tabori U, Pouponnot C, Danielpour M, Levy R, Antonuk CD, Rodriguez J, Aravena JM, Kim GB, Gate D, Bannykh S, Svendsen C, Huang X, Town T, Breunig J, Amakye D, Robinson D, Rose K, Cho YJ, Ligon KL, Sharp T, Ando Y, Geoerger B, He Y, Doz F, Ashley D, Hargrave D, Casanova M, Tawbi H, Heath J, Bouffet E, Brandes AA, Chisholm J, Rodon J, Dubuc AM, Thomas A, Mita A, MacDonald T, Kieran M, Eisenstat D, Song X, Danielpour M, Levy R, Antonuk CD, Rodriguez J, Hashizume R, Aravena JM, Kim GB, Gate D, Bannykh S, Svendsen C, Town T, Breunig J, Morrissy AS, Mayoh C, Lo A, Zhang W, Thiessen N, Tse K, Moore R, Mungall A, Wu X, Van Meter TE, Cho YJ, Collins VP, MacDonald TJ, Li XN, Stehbens S, Fernandez-Lopez A, Malkin D, Marra MA, Taylor MD, Karajannis M, Legault G, Hagiwara M, Vega E, Merkelson A, Wisoff J, Younger S, Golfinos J, Roland JT, Allen J, Antonuk CD, Levy R, Kim GB, Town T, Danielpour M, Breunig J, Pak E, Barshow S, Zhao X, Ponomaryov T, Segal R, Levy R, Antonuk CD, Aravena JM, Kim GB, Svendsen C, Town T, Danielpour M, Zhu S, Breunig J, Chi S, Cohen K, Fisher M, Biegel J, Bowers D, Fangusaro J, Manley P, Janss A, Zimmerman MA, Wu X, Kieran M, Sayour E, Pham C, Sanchez-Perez L, Snyder D, Flores C, Kemeny H, Xie W, Cui X, Bigner D, Taylor MD, Sampson J, Mitchell D, Bandopadhayay P, Nguyen B, Masoud S, Vue N, Gholamin S, Yu F, Schubert S, Bergthold G, Weiss WA, Mitra S, Qi J, Bradner J, Kieran M, Beroukhim R, Cho YJ, Reddick W, Glass J, Ji Q, Paulus E, James CD, Gajjar A, Ogg R, Vanner R, Remke M, Aviv T, Lee L, Zhu X, Clarke I, Taylor M, Dirks P, Shuman MA, Hamilton R, Pollack I, Calligaris D, Liu X, Feldman D, Thompson C, Ide J, Buhrlage S, Gray N, Kieran M, Jan YN, Stiles C, Agar N, Remke M, Cavalli FMG, Northcott PA, Kool M, Pfister SM, Taylor MD, Project MAGIC, Rakopoulos P, Jan LY, Pajovic S, Buczkowicz P, Morrison A, Bouffet E, Bartels U, Becher O, Hawkins C, Truffaux N, Puget S, Philippe C, Gump W, Castel D, Taylor K, Mackay A, Le Dret L, Saulnier P, Calmon R, Boddaert N, Blauwblomme T, Sainte-Rose C, Jones C, Mutchnick I, Grill J, Liu X, Ebling M, Ide J, Wang L, Davis E, Marchionni M, Stuart D, Alberta J, Kieran M, Li KKW, Stiles C, Agar N, Remke M, Cavalli FMG, Northcott PA, Kool M, Pfister SM, Taylor MD, Project MAGIC, Tien AC, Pang JCS, Griveau A, Rowitch D, Ramkissoon L, Horowitz P, Craig J, Ramkissoon S, Rich B, Bergthold G, Tabori U, Taha H, Ng HK, Bowers D, Hawkins C, Packer R, Eberhart C, Goumnerova L, Chan J, Santagata S, Pomeroy S, Ligon A, Kieran M, Jackson S, Beroukhim R, Ligon K, Kuan CT, Chandramohan V, Keir S, Pastan I, Bigner D, Zhou Z, Ho S, Voss H, Patay Z, Souweidane M, Salloum R, DeWire M, Fouladi M, Goldman S, Chow L, Hummel T, Dorris K, Miles L, Sutton M, Howarth R, Stevenson C, Leach J, Griesinger A, Donson A, Hoffman L, Birks D, Amani V, Handler M, Foreman N, Sangar MC, Pai A, Pedro K, Ditzler SH, Girard E, Olson J, Gustafson WC, Meyerowitz J, Nekritz E, Charron E, Matthay K, Hertz N, Onar-Thomas A, Shokat K, Weiss W, Hanaford A, Raabe E, Eberhart C, Griesinger A, Donson A, Hoffman L, Amani V, Birks D, Gajjar A, Handler M, Mulcahy-Levy J, Foreman N, Olow AK, Dasgupta T, Yang X, Mueller S, Hashizume R, Kolkowitz I, Weiss W, Broniscer A, Resnick AC, Sievert AJ, Nicolaides T, Prados MD, Berger MS, Gupta N, James CD, Haas-Kogan DA, Flores C, Pham C, Dietl SM, Snyder D, Sanchez-Perez L, Bigner D, Sampson J, Mitchell D, Prakash V, Batanian J, Guzman M, Geller T, Pham CD, Wolfl M, Pei Y, Flores C, Snyder D, Bigner DD, Sampson JH, Wechsler-Reya RJ, Mitchell DA, Van Ommeren R, Venugopal C, Manoranjan B, Beilhack A, McFarlane N, Hallett R, Hassell J, Dunn S, Singh S, Dasgupta T, Olow A, Yang X, Hashizume R, Mueller S, Riedel S, Nicolaides T, Kolkowitz I, Weiss W, Prados M, Gupta N, James CD, Haas-Kogan D, Zhao H, Li L, Picotte K, Monoranu C, Stewart R, Modzelewska K, Boer E, Picard D, Huang A, Radiloff D, Lee C, Dunn S, Hutt M, Nazarian J, Dietl S, Price A, Lim KJ, Warren K, Chang H, Eberhart CG, Raabe EH, Persson A, Huang M, Chandler-Militello D, Li N, Vince GH, Berger M, James D, Goldman S, Weiss W, Lindquist R, Tate M, Rowitch D, Alvarez-Buylla A, Hoffman L, Donson A, Eyrich M, Birks D, Griesinger A, Amani V, Handler M, Foreman N, Meijer L, Walker D, Grundy R, O'Dowd S, Jaspan T, Schlegel PG, Dineen R, Fotovati A, Radiloff D, Coute N, Triscott J, Chen J, Yip S, Louis D, Toyota B, Hukin J, Weitzel D, Rassekh SR, Singhal A, Dunham C, Dunn S, Ahsan S, Hanaford A, Taylor I, Eberhart C, Raabe E, Sun YG, Ashcraft K, Stiles C, Han L, Zhang K, Chen L, Shi Z, Pu P, Dong L, Kang C, Cordero F, Lewis P, Liu C, Hoeman C, Schroeder K, Allis CD, Becher O, Gururangan S, Grant G, Driscoll T, Archer G, Herndon J, Friedman H, Li W, Kurtzberg J, Bigner D, Sampson J, Mitchell D, Yadavilli S, Kambhampati M, Becher O, MacDonald T, Bellamkonds R, Packer R, Buckley A, Nazarian J, DeWire M, Fouladi M, Stewart C, Wetmore C, Hawkins C, Jacobs C, Yuan Y, Goldman S, Fisher P, Rodriguez R, Rytting M, Bouffet E, Khakoo Y, Hwang E, Foreman N, Gilbert M, Gilbertson R, Gajjar A, Saratsis A, Yadavilli S, Wetzel W, Snyder K, Kambhampati M, Hall J, Raabe E, Warren K, Packer R, Nazarian J, Thompson J, Griesinger A, Foreman N, Spazojevic I, Rush S, Levy JM, Hutt M, Karajannis MA, Shah S, Eberhart CG, Raabe E, Rodriguez FJ, Gump J, Donson A, Tovmasyan A, Birks D, Handler M, Foreman N, Hankinson T, Torchia J, Khuong-Quang DA, Ho KC, Picard D, Letourneau L, Chan T, Peters K, Golbourn B, Morrissy S, Birks D, Faria C, Foreman N, Taylor M, Rutka J, Pfister S, Bouffet E, Hawkins C, Batinic-Haberle I, Majewski J, Kim SK, Jabado N, Huang A, Ladner T, Tomycz L, Watchmaker J, Yang T, Kaufman L, Pearson M, Dewhirst M, Ogg RJ, Scoggins MA, Zou P, Taherbhoy S, Jones MM, Li Y, Glass JO, Merchant TE, Reddick WE, Conklin HM, Gholamin S, Gajjar A, Khan A, Kumar A, Tye GW, Broaddus WC, Van Meter TE, Shih DJH, Northcott PA, Remke M, Korshunov A, Mitra S, Jones DTW, Kool M, Pfister SM, Taylor MD, Mille F, Levesque M, Remke M, Korshunov A, Izzi L, Kool M, Richard C, Northcott PA, Taylor MD, Pfister SM, Charron F, Yu F, Masoud S, Nguyen B, Vue N, Schubert S, Tolliday N, Kong DS, Sengupta S, Weeraratne D, Schreiber S, Cho YJ, Birks D, Jones K, Griesinger A, Amani V, Handler M, Vibhakar R, Achrol A, Foreman N, Brown R, Rangan K, Finlay J, Olch A, Freyer D, Bluml S, Gate D, Danielpour M, Rodriguez J, Shae JJ, Kim GB, Levy R, Bannykh S, Breunig JJ, Town T, Monje-Deisseroth M, Cho YJ, Weissman I, Cheshier S, Buczkowicz P, Rakopoulos P, Bouffet E, Morrison A, Bartels U, Becher O, Hawkins C, Dey A, Kenney A, Van Gool S, Pauwels F, De Vleeschouwer S, Barszczyk M, Buczkowicz P, Castelo-Branco P, Mack S, Nethery-Brokx K, Morrison A, Taylor M, Dirks P, Tabori U, Hawkins C, Chandramohan V, Keir ST, Bao X, Pastan IH, Kuan CT, Bigner DD, Bender S, Jones D, Kool M, Sturm D, Korshunov A, Lichter P, Pfister SM, Chen M, Lu J, Wang J, Keir S, Zhang M, Zhao S, Mook R, Barak L, Lyerly HK, Chen W, Ramachandran C, Nair S, Escalon E, Khatib Z, Quirrin KW, Melnick S, Kievit F, Stephen Z, Wang K, Silber J, Ellenbogen R, Zhang M, Hutzen B, Studebaker A, Bratasz A, Powell K, Raffel C, Guo C, Chang CC, Wortham M, Chen L, Kernagis D, Qin X, Cho YW, Chi JT, Grant G, McLendon R, Yan H, Ge K, Papadopoulos N, Bigner D, He Y, Cristiano B, Venkataraman S, Birks DK, Alimova I, Harris PS, Dubuc A, Taylor MD, Foreman NK, Vibhakar R, Ichimura K, Fukushima S, Totoki Y, Suzuki T, Mukasa A, Saito N, Kumabe T, Tominaga T, Kobayashi K, Nagane M, Iuchi T, Mizoguchi M, Sasaki T, Tamura K, Sugiyama K, Narita Y, Shibui S, Matsutani M, Shibata T, Nishikawa R, Northcott P, Zichner T, Jones D, Kool M, Jager N, Feychting M, Lannering B, Tynes T, Wesenberg F, Hauser P, Ra YS, Zitterbart K, Jabado N, Chan J, Fults D, Mueller S, Grajkowska W, Lichter P, Korbel J, Pfister S, Kool M, Jones DTW, Jaeger N, Northcott PA, Pugh T, Hovestadt V, Markant SL, Esparza LA, Bourdeaut F, Remke M, Taylor MD, Cho YJ, Pomeroy SL, Schueller U, Korshunov A, Eils R, Wechsler-Reya RJ, Lichter P, Pfister SM, Keir S, Pegram C, Lipp E, Rasheed A, Chandramohan V, Kuan CT, Kwatra M, Yan H, Bigner D, Chornenkyy Y, Buczkowicz P, Agnihotri S, Becher O, Hawkins C, Rogers H, Mayne C, Kilday JP, Coyle B, Grundy R, Sun T, Warrington N, Luo J, Brooks M, Dahiya S, Sengupta R, Rubin J, Erdreich-Epstein A, Robison N, Ren X, Zhou H, Ji L, Margo A, Jones D, Pfister S, Kool M, Sposto R, Asgharzadeh S, Clifford S, Gustafsson G, Ellison D, Figarella-Branger D, Doz F, Rutkowski S, Lannering B, Pietsch T, Broniscer A, Tatevossian R, Sabin N, Klimo P, Dalton J, Lee R, Gajjar A, Ellison D, Garzia L, Dubuc A, Pitcher G, Northcott P, Mariampillai A, Chan T, Skowron P, Wu X, Yao Y, Hawkins C, Peacock J, Zayne K, Croul S, Rutka J, Kenney A, Huang A, Yang V, Baylin S, Salter M, Taylor M, Ward S, Sengupta R, Rubin J, Garzia L, Morrissy S, Skowron P, Jelveh S, Lindsay P, Largaespada D, Collier L, Dupuy A, Hill R, Taylor M, Lulla RR, Laskowski J, Fangusaro J, DiPatri AJ, Alden T, Vanin EF, Tomita T, Goldman S, Soares MB, Rajagopal MU, Lau LS, Hathout Y, Gordish-Dressman H, Rood B, Datar V, Bochare S, Singh A, Khatau S, Fangusaro J, Goldman S, Lulla R, Rajaram V, Gopalakrishnan V, Morfouace M, Shelat A, Jaccus M, Freeman B, Zindy F, Robinson G, Guy K, Stewart C, Gajjar A, Roussel M, Krebs S, Chow K, Yi Z, Brawley V, Ahmed N, Gottschalk S, Lerner R, Harness J, Yoshida Y, Santos R, Torre JDL, Nicolaides T, Ozawa T, James D, Petritsch C, Vitte J, Chareyre F, Stemmer-Rachamimov A, Giovannini M, Hashizume R, Yu-Jen L, Tom M, Ihara Y, Huang X, Waldman T, Mueller S, Gupta N, James D, Shevtsov M, Yakovleva L, Nikolaev B, Dobrodumov A, Onokhin K, Bychkova N, Mikhrina A, Khachatryan W, Guzhova I, Martynova M, Bystrova O, Ischenko A, Margulis B, Martin A, Nirschl C, Polanczyk M, Cohen K, Pardoll D, Drake C, Lim M, Crowther A, Chang S, Yuan H, Deshmukh M, Gershon T, Meyerowitz JG, Gustafson WC, Nekritz EA, Swartling F, Shokat KM, Ruggero D, Weiss WA, Bergthold G, Rich B, Bandopadhayay P, Chan J, Santaga S, Hoshida Y, Golub T, Tabak B, Ferrer-Luna R, Grill J, Wen PY, Stiles C, Kieran M, Ligon K, Beroukhim R, Lulla RR, Laskowski J, Gireud M, Fangusaro J, Goldman S, Gopalakrishnan V, Merino D, Shlien A, Pienkowska M, Tabori U, Gilbertson R, Malkin D, Mueller S, Hashizume R, Yang X, Kolkowitz I, Olow A, Phillips J, Smirnov I, Tom M, Prados M, Berger M, Gupta N, Haas-Kogan D, Beez T, Sarikaya-Seiwert S, Janssen G, Felsberg J, Steiger HJ, Hanggi D, Marino AM, Baryawno N, Johnsen JI, Ostman A, Wade A, Engler JR, Robinson AE, Phillips JJ, Witt H, Sill M, Mack SC, Wani KM, Lambert S, Tzaridis T, Bender S, Jones DT, Milde T, Northcott PA, Kool M, von Deimling A, Kulozik AE, Witt O, Lichter P, Collins VP, Aldape K, Taylor MD, Korshunov A, Pfister SM, Hatcher R, Das C, Datar V, Taylor P, Singh A, Lee D, Fuller G, Ji L, Fangusaro J, Rajaram V, Goldman S, Eberhart C, Gopalakrishnan V, Griveau A, Lerner R, Ihrie R, Sugiarto S, Ihara Y, Reichholf B, Huillard E, Mcmahon M, James D, Phillips J, Buylla AA, Rowitch D, Petritsch C, Snuderl M, Batista A, Kirkpatrick N, de Almodovar CR, Riedemann L, Knevels E, Schmidt T, Peterson T, Roberge S, Bais C, Yip S, Hasselblatt M, Rossig C, Ferrara N, Klagsbrun M, Duda D, Fukumura D, Xu L, Carmeliet P, Jain R, Nguyen A, Pencreach E, Lasthaus C, Lobstein V, Guerin E, Guenot D, Entz-Werle N, Diaz R, Golbourn B, Faria C, Shih D, MacKenzie D, Picard D, Bryant M, Smith C, Taylor M, Huang A, Rutka J, Gromeier M, Desjardins A, Sampson JH, Threatt SJE, Herndon JE, Friedman A, Friedman HS, Bigner DD, Cavalli FMG, Morrissy AS, Li Y, Chu A, Remke M, Thiessen N, Mungall AJ, Bader GD, Malkin D, Marra MA, Taylor MD, Manoranjan B, Wang X, Hallett R, Venugopal C, Mack S, McFarlane N, Nolte S, Scheinemann K, Gunnarsson T, Hassell J, Taylor M, Lee C, Triscott J, Foster C, Dunham C, Hawkins C, Dunn S, Singh S, McCrea HJ, Bander E, Venn RA, Reiner AS, Iorgulescu JB, Puchi LA, Schaefer PM, Cederquist G, Greenfield JP, Tsoli M, Luk P, Dilda P, Hogg P, Haber M, Ziegler D, Mack S, Agnihotri S, Witt H, Shih D, Wang X, Ramaswamy V, Zayne K, Bertrand K, Massimi L, Grajkowska W, Lach B, Gupta N, Weiss W, Guha A, Zadeh G, Rutka J, Korshunov A, Pfister S, Taylor M, Mack S, Witt H, Jager N, Zuyderduyn S, Nethery-Brokx K, Garzia L, Zayne K, Wang X, Barszczyk M, Wani K, Bouffet E, Weiss W, Hawkins C, Rutka J, Bader G, Aldape K, Dirks P, Pfister S, Korshunov A, Taylor M, Engler J, Robinson A, Wade A, Molinaro A, Phillips J, Ramaswamy V, Remke M, Bouffet E, Faria C, Shih D, Gururangan S, McLendon R, Schuller U, Ligon K, Pomeroy S, Jabado N, Dunn S, Fouladi M, Rutka J, Hawkins C, Tabori U, Packer R, Pfister S, Korshunov A, Taylor M, Faria C, Dubuc A, Golbourn B, Diaz R, Agnihotri S, Sabha N, Luck A, Leadly M, Reynaud D, Wu X, Remke M, Ramaswamy V, Northcott P, Pfister S, Croul S, Kool M, Korshunov A, Smith C, Taylor M, Rutka J, Pietsch T, Doerner E, Muehlen AZ, Velez-Char N, Warmuth-Metz M, Kortmann R, von Hoff K, Friedrich C, Rutkowski S, von Bueren A, Lu YJ, James CD, Hashizume R, Mueller S, Phillips J, Gupta N, Sturm D, Northcott PA, Jones DTW, Korshunov A, Picard D, Lichter P, Huang A, Pfister SM, Kool M, Ward J, Teague C, Shriyan B, Grundy R, Rahman R, Taylor K, Mackay A, Morozova O, Butterfield Y, Truffaux N, Philippe C, Vinci M, de Torres C, Cruz O, Mora J, Hargrave D, Puget S, Yip S, Jones C, Grill J, Smith S, Ward J, Tan C, Grundy R, Rahman R, Bjerke L, Mackay A, Nandhabalan M, Burford A, Jury A, Popov S, Bax D, Carvalho D, Taylor K, Vinci M, Bajrami I, McGonnell I, Lord C, Reis R, Hargrave D, Ashworth A, Workman P, Jones C, Carvalho D, Mackay A, Burford A, Bjerke L, Chen L, Kozarewa I, Lord C, Ashworth A, Hargrave D, Reis R, Jones C, Marigil M, Jauregui PJ, 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Abstracts. Neuro Oncol 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/not047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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