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De Mori R, Tardivo S, Pollara L, Giliani SC, Ali E, Giordano L, Leuzzi V, Fischetto R, Gener B, Diprima S, Morelli MJ, Monti MC, Sottile V, Valente EM. Joubert syndrome-derived induced pluripotent stem cells show altered neuronal differentiation in vitro. Cell Tissue Res 2024; 396:255-267. [PMID: 38502237 PMCID: PMC11055696 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-024-03876-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Joubert syndrome (JS) is a recessively inherited congenital ataxia characterized by hypotonia, psychomotor delay, abnormal ocular movements, intellectual disability, and a peculiar cerebellar and brainstem malformation, the "molar tooth sign." Over 40 causative genes have been reported, all encoding for proteins implicated in the structure or functioning of the primary cilium, a subcellular organelle widely present in embryonic and adult tissues. In this paper, we developed an in vitro neuronal differentiation model using patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), to evaluate possible neurodevelopmental defects in JS. To this end, iPSCs from four JS patients harboring mutations in distinct JS genes (AHI1, CPLANE1, TMEM67, and CC2D2A) were differentiated alongside healthy control cells to obtain mid-hindbrain precursors and cerebellar granule cells. Differentiation was monitored over 31 days through the detection of lineage-specific marker expression by qRT-PCR, immunofluorescence, and transcriptomics analysis. All JS patient-derived iPSCs, regardless of the mutant gene, showed a similar impairment to differentiate into mid-hindbrain and cerebellar granule cells when compared to healthy controls. In addition, analysis of primary cilium count and morphology showed notable ciliary defects in all differentiating JS patient-derived iPSCs compared to controls. These results confirm that patient-derived iPSCs are an accessible and relevant in vitro model to analyze cellular phenotypes connected to the presence of JS gene mutations in a neuronal context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta De Mori
- Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Unit, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Tardivo
- Neurogenetics Lab, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Lidia Pollara
- Neurogenetics Research Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Silvia Clara Giliani
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Eltahir Ali
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Lucio Giordano
- Paediatric Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Spedali Civili Children's Hospital, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Leuzzi
- Unit of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, Department of Human Neuroscience, University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Rita Fischetto
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Pediatric Medicine, XXIII Children's Hospital, Bari, Giovanni, Italy
| | - Blanca Gener
- Department of Genetics, Cruces University Hospital, BioBizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Cruces PlazaBizkaia, Spain
| | - Santo Diprima
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Maria Cristina Monti
- Unit of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Virginie Sottile
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Enza Maria Valente
- Neurogenetics Research Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy.
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
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Vaghi P, Oldani A, Fulghieri P, Pollara L, Valente EM, Sottile V. Simultaneous Labeling of Adipogenic and Osteogenic Differentiating Stem Cells for Live Confocal Analysis. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2566:53-62. [PMID: 36152242 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2675-7_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Adipocytes and osteoblasts derive from a common mesenchymal progenitor present in a range of connective tissues. Differentiation of the progenitors toward the two cell lineages can be induced in vitro through well-established protocols, and leads to the appearance of lipid-laden adipocytes and osteoblasts embedded in a mineralized matrix. The formation of these two lineages in cell cultures can be monitored using lipophilic dyes such as Oil Red O and substances binding to mineral deposits such as Alizarin Red S, respectively. However, these common staining techniques require cell fixation and are thus incompatible with live analyses. Recently, alternative approaches using vital stains have allowed the dual visualization and fluorescence imaging of adipogenic and osteogenic lineages in live cultures. Here we present the concomitant analysis of cultures containing adipogenic and osteogenic cell types using live staining, combining LipidTox Red and tetracycline with NucRed nuclear counterstain for confocal imaging. This approach can be applied to visualize the kinetics and 3D structure of differentiating mesenchymal cultures over time and highlights the interaction of adipose and mineralized compartments associated with bone marrow stroma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Vaghi
- PASS-Bio Med, Centro Grandi Strumenti, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Amanda Oldani
- PASS-Bio Med, Centro Grandi Strumenti, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Paola Fulghieri
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Lidia Pollara
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Enza Maria Valente
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Neurogenetics Research Centre, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Virginie Sottile
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
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Pollara L, Sottile V, Valente EM. Patient-derived cellular models of primary ciliopathies. J Med Genet 2022; 59:517-527. [DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2021-108315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Primary ciliopathies are rare inherited disorders caused by structural or functional defects in the primary cilium, a subcellular organelle present on the surface of most cells. Primary ciliopathies show considerable clinical and genetic heterogeneity, with disruption of over 100 genes causing the variable involvement of several organs, including the central nervous system, kidneys, retina, skeleton and liver. Pathogenic variants in one and the same gene may associate with a wide range of ciliopathy phenotypes, supporting the hypothesis that the individual genetic background, with potential additional variants in other ciliary genes, may contribute to a mutational load eventually determining the phenotypic manifestations of each patient. Functional studies in animal models have uncovered some of the pathophysiological mechanisms linking ciliary gene mutations to the observed phenotypes; yet, the lack of reliable human cell models has previously limited preclinical research and the development of new therapeutic strategies for primary ciliopathies. Recent technical advances in the generation of patient-derived two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) cellular models give a new spur to this research, allowing the study of pathomechanisms while maintaining the complexity of the genetic background of each patient, and enabling the development of innovative treatments to target specific pathways. This review provides an overview of available models for primary ciliopathies, from existing in vivo models to more recent patient-derived 2D and 3D in vitro models. We highlight the advantages of each model in understanding the functional basis of primary ciliopathies and facilitating novel regenerative medicine, gene therapy and drug testing strategies for these disorders.
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Ali E, Ferraro RM, Guglielmi A, Lanzi G, Masneri S, Piovani G, Mazzoldi EL, Pollara L, Valente EM, Accorsi P, Giordano L, Giliani SC. Establishment of three Joubert syndrome-derived induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines harbouring compound heterozygous mutations in CC2D2A gene. Stem Cell Res 2021; 54:102430. [PMID: 34182252 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2021.102430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We have developed Joubert syndrome (JS)-derived induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines from dermal fibroblasts biopsied from a female patient harbouring novel compound heterozygous mutations in CC2D2A gene. The newly established iPSC lines provide tremendous promises for development of JS-derived neuronal cell lines to uncover the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of JS and to develop therapeutic interventions for treatment of JS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eltahir Ali
- Angelo Nocivelli Institute for Molecular Medicine, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Italy.
| | - Rosalba Monica Ferraro
- Angelo Nocivelli Institute for Molecular Medicine, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Italy
| | - Adele Guglielmi
- Angelo Nocivelli Institute for Molecular Medicine, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Italy; Medical Investigation of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (MIND), Institute and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Gaetana Lanzi
- Angelo Nocivelli Institute for Molecular Medicine, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Italy
| | - Stefania Masneri
- Angelo Nocivelli Institute for Molecular Medicine, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Italy
| | - Giovanna Piovani
- Biology and Genetics Division, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Italy
| | - Elena Laura Mazzoldi
- Angelo Nocivelli Institute for Molecular Medicine, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Italy
| | - Lidia Pollara
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Italy
| | - Enza Maria Valente
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Italy; IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Patrizia Accorsi
- Unit of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Italy
| | - Lucio Giordano
- Unit of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Italy
| | - Silvia Clara Giliani
- Angelo Nocivelli Institute for Molecular Medicine, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Italy
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Pollara L, Cuccia F, Figlia V, Palmeri A, Gueci M, Luca N, Aiello D, Evangelista G, Sciumè F. EP-1976: Concomitant radio-chemotherapy and brachytherapy for advanced cervical cancer: outcomes and toxicity. Radiother Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(16)33227-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Spera A, Figlia V, Bruno T, Gruppuso V, Pollara L, Caminiti G, Ferrera G, Bono M, Mortellaro G, Sciumè F, Evangelista G. EP-1595: Toxicity in adjuvant vaginal cuff brachytherapy in endometrial cancer: our experience. Radiother Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(15)41587-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Gruppuso V, Pollara L, Mazzola R, Sciumè F, Evangelista G, Greco E, Cespuglio D, Abbate B, Purpura L, Benvegna L. EP-1373: Lactospore as supportive care in gynecological malignancies treated with HDR Brachytherapy. Radiother Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(15)31491-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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