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Sharaiha RZ, Shikora S, White KP, Macedo G, Toouli J, Kow L. Summarizing Consensus Guidelines on Obesity Management: A Joint, Multidisciplinary Venture of the International Federation for the Surgery of Obesity & Metabolic Disorders (IFSO) and World Gastroenterology Organisation (WGO). J Clin Gastroenterol 2023; 57:967-976. [PMID: 37831466 PMCID: PMC10566600 DOI: 10.1097/mcg.0000000000001916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Reem Z. Sharaiha
- Department of Gastroenterology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - Scott Shikora
- Center for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Kevin P. White
- ScienceRight International Health Research Consulting (SRIHRC), London, ON, Canada
| | - Guilherme Macedo
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, São João University Hospital Center, Porto, Portugal
| | - Jim Toouli
- Department of Surgery, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Lillian Kow
- Department of Surgery, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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Ryder REJ, Laubner K, Benes M, Haluzik M, Munro L, Frydenberg H, Teare JP, Ruban A, Fishman S, Santo E, Stengel R, De Jonge C, Greve JW, Cohen RV, Aboud CM, Holtmann GJ, Rich G, McMaster JJ, Battelino T, Kotnik P, Byrne JP, Mason JC, Bessell J, Bascomb J, Kow L, Collins J, Chisholm J, Pferschy PN, Sourij H, Cull ML, Wyres MC, Drummond R, McGowan B, Amiel SA, Yadagiri M, Sen Gupta P, Aberle J, Seufert J. Endoscopic Duodenal-Jejunal Bypass Liner Treatment for Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity: Glycemic and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factor Improvements in 1,022 Patients Treated Worldwide. Diabetes Care 2023; 46:e89-e91. [PMID: 36716004 PMCID: PMC10090889 DOI: 10.2337/dc22-1952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert E J Ryder
- Diabetes and Endocrinology, Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals National Health Service Trust, Birmingham, U.K
| | - Katharina Laubner
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Medicine II, University Hospital of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marek Benes
- Diabetes Centre, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Haluzik
- Diabetes Centre, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Lynne Munro
- Epworth Centre for Bariatric Surgery, Richmond, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Sigal Fishman
- Gastroenterology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Erwin Santo
- Gastroenterology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Rainer Stengel
- Diabetes, Diakonissensanstalt Emmaus Niesky, Niesky, Germany
| | - Charlotte De Jonge
- Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
- General Surgery, Maastricht UMC+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Atrium Medical Center Parkstad, Heerlen, the Netherlands
| | - Jan W Greve
- Zuyderland Medical Centre Heerlen, Heerlen, the Netherlands
- Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery, Maastricht UMC+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Ricardo V Cohen
- Specialized Center for Obesity and Diabetes, Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristina M Aboud
- Specialized Center for Obesity and Diabetes, Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gerald J Holtmann
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Graeme Rich
- Sydney Adventist Hospital, Wahroonga, Australia
| | - Jess J McMaster
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Tadej Battelino
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolic Diseases, University Children's Hospital, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Medical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Primoz Kotnik
- Medical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - James P Byrne
- Surgery, University Hospital Southampton National Health Service Foundation Trust, Southampton, U.K
| | - John C Mason
- Gastroenterology, Manchester University National Health Service Foundation Trust, Manchester, U.K
| | - Justin Bessell
- Surgery, Calvary North Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
| | | | | | - Janes Collins
- Adelaide Bariatric Centre, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, Australia
| | - Jacob Chisholm
- Adelaide Bariatric Centre, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, Australia
| | - Peter N Pferschy
- Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Interdisciplinary Metabolic Medicine Trials Unit, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Harald Sourij
- Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Interdisciplinary Metabolic Medicine Trials Unit, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Melissa L Cull
- Diabetes and Endocrinology, Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals National Health Service Trust, Birmingham, U.K
| | - Melanie C Wyres
- Diabetes and Endocrinology, Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals National Health Service Trust, Birmingham, U.K
| | - Russell Drummond
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, U.K
| | - Barbara McGowan
- Diabetes and Endocrinology, Guy's and St. Thomas' Hospital, London, U.K
| | - Stephanie A Amiel
- Diabetes Research Group, Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, U.K
| | - Mahi Yadagiri
- Diabetes and Endocrinology, Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals National Health Service Trust, Birmingham, U.K
| | - Piya Sen Gupta
- Diabetes and Endocrinology, Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals National Health Service Trust, Birmingham, U.K
- Diabetes and Endocrinology, Guy's and St. Thomas' Hospital, London, U.K
| | - Jens Aberle
- Endokrinologie und Diabetologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf Ringgold, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jochen Seufert
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Medicine II, University Hospital of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Singendonk M, Kritas S, Omari T, Feinle-Bisset C, Page AJ, Frisby CL, Kentish SJ, Ferris L, McCall L, Kow L, Chisholm J, Khurana S. Upper Gastrointestinal Function in Morbidly Obese Adolescents Before and 6 Months After Gastric Banding. Obes Surg 2019; 28:1277-1288. [PMID: 29103072 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-017-3000-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effects of laparoscopic adjustable gastric band (LAGB) placement on upper gastrointestinal tract function in obese adolescents are unknown. Therefore, our aim was to determine the short-term effects of LAGB on esophageal motility, gastroesophageal reflux, gastric emptying, appetite-regulatory hormones, and perceptions of post-prandial hunger and fullness. METHODS This study was part of a prospective cohort study (March 2009-December 2015) in one tertiary referral hospital. The study included obese adolescents (14-18 years) with a body mass index (BMI) > 40 (or ≥ 35 with comorbidities). Gastric emptying was assessed by 13C-octanoic acid breath test, pharyngeal, and esophageal motor function by high-resolution manometry with impedance (HRIM), and appetite and other perceptions using 100-mm visual analogue scales. Dysphagia symptoms were scored using a Dakkak questionnaire. Data were compared pre- and post-LAGB placement and at a 6-month follow-up. RESULTS Based upon analysis of 15 adolescents, at the 6-month follow-up, LAGB placement: (i) led to a significant reduction in weight and BMI; (ii) increased fullness and decreased hunger post-meal; (iii) increased symptoms of dysphagia after solid food; and, despite these effects, (iv) caused little or no changes to appetite hormones, while (v) effects on gastric emptying, esophageal motility, esophageal bolus transport, and esophageal emptying were not significant. CONCLUSION In adolescents, LAGB improved BMI and altered the sensitivity to nutrients without significant effects on upper gastrointestinal tract physiology at the 6-month follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Singendonk
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Emma Children's Hospital/AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - S Kritas
- Gastroenterology Unit, Women's & Children's Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
| | - T Omari
- Human Physiology, Medical Science and Technology, School of Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
| | - C Feinle-Bisset
- Centre for Nutrition and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.,NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - A J Page
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, Australia
| | - C L Frisby
- Centre for Nutrition and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.,South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, Australia
| | - S J Kentish
- Centre for Nutrition and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.,South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, Australia
| | - L Ferris
- Gastroenterology Unit, Women's & Children's Hospital, Adelaide, Australia.,Human Physiology, Medical Science and Technology, School of Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - L McCall
- Gastroenterology Unit, Women's & Children's Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
| | - L Kow
- Department of Surgery, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia
| | - J Chisholm
- Department of Surgery, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia
| | - S Khurana
- Paediatric Surgery & Urology, Women's & Children's Hospital, Adelaide, Australia.,Department of Surgery, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia
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Keogh JB, Brancatisano A, Taylor SF, McDonald F, Brancatisano R, Hamdorf JM, Chisholm J, Kow L, Wahlroos S, Ryan B, Toouli J. Evaluation of the Swedish adjustable gastric band VC (SAGB-VC) in an Australian population: early results. Can J Surg 2013. [PMID: 23187036 DOI: 10.1503/cjs.011511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Swedish adjustable gastric band VC (SAGB-VC) has been in use in Australia since 2007. We evaluated its efficacy and safety. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the prospective clinical data of patients who received the implant between November 2007 and June 2009 at 3 Australian bariatric centres. RESULTS In all, 1176 patients (mean age 45.9 [standard deviation (SD) 12.3] yr, mean body mass index 43.4 [SD 7.6]) received the SAGB-VC. At a mean follow-up of 11 (SD 3) months, weight reduced by a mean of 18.4 (SD 11.1) kg with an excess weight loss of 37.8% (SD 19.9%). Body mass index decreased (from mean 43.4 [SD 7.7] to mean 36.7 [SD 6.5], p < 0.001). Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) was reported in 167 patients and hypertension in 373. Improvement occurred in 73.5% of patients with T2DM and 31% with hypertension, with patient-reported reduction or cessation of medication. Metabolic syndrome indices improved during follow-up: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mean 1.3 [SD 0.3] v. mean 1.4 [SD 0.3] mmol/L, p < 0.001), triglycerides (mean 1.6 [SD 0.8] v. mean 1.3 [SD 0.7] mmol/L, p < 0.001), waist circumference (men 141 [SD 103] to 121 [SD 15] cm, women 117 [SD 14] to 105 [SD 14] cm, both p < 0.001), C-reactive protein (90.5 [SD 75.2] v. 53.3 [SD 61.9] nmol/L, p < 0.001). The complication rate was 4.2%. CONCLUSION The SAGB-VC is safe and effective for treating obesity and its comorbidities. The results are reproducible in separate Australian centres and consistent with published literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer B Keogh
- The Australian Institute of Weight Control, Adelaide, Australia.
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Shikora S, Toouli J, Herrera MF, Kulseng B, Zulewski H, Brancatisano R, Kow L, Pantoja JP, Johnsen G, Brancatisano A, Tweden KS, Knudson MB, Billington CJ. Vagal blocking improves glycemic control and elevated blood pressure in obese subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Obes 2013; 2013:245683. [PMID: 23984050 PMCID: PMC3745954 DOI: 10.1155/2013/245683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2013] [Accepted: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An active device that downregulates abdominal vagal signalling has resulted in significant weight loss in feasibility studies. OBJECTIVE To prospectively evaluate the effect of intermittent vagal blocking (VBLOC) on weight loss, glycemic control, and blood pressure (BP) in obese subjects with DM2. METHODS Twenty-eight subjects were implanted with a VBLOC device (Maestro Rechargeable System) at 5 centers in an open-label study. Effects on weight loss, HbA1c, fasting blood glucose, and BP were evaluated at 1 week to 12 months. RESULTS 26 subjects (17 females/9 males, 51 ± 2 years, BMI 37 ± 1 kg/m(2), mean ± SEM) completed 12 months followup. One serious adverse event (pain at implant site) was easily resolved. At 1 week and 12 months, mean excess weight loss percentages (% EWL) were 9 ± 1% and 25 ± 4% (P < 0.0001), and HbA1c declined by 0.3 ± 0.1% and 1.0 ± 0.2% (P = 0.02, baseline 7.8 ± 0.2%). In DM2 subjects with elevated BP (n = 15), mean arterial pressure reduced by 7 ± 3 mmHg and 8 ± 3 mmHg (P = 0.04, baseline 100 ± 2 mmHg) at 1 week and 12 months. All subjects MAP decreased by 3 ± 2 mmHg (baseline 95 ± 2 mmHg) at 12 months. CONCLUSIONS VBLOC was safe in obese DM2 subjects and associated with meaningful weight loss, early and sustained improvements in HbA1c, and reductions in BP in hypertensive DM2 subjects. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00555958.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Shikora
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - J. Toouli
- Adelaide Bariatric Center, Flinders Private Hospital, Suite 502/Level 5, Bedford Park, SA, 5041, Australia
| | - M. F. Herrera
- Instituto Nacional de la Nutricion, Salvador Zubiran (INNSZ), Vasco de Quiroga 15, Tlalpan, 1400 Mexico City, DF, Mexico
| | - B. Kulseng
- Center for Obesity, St. Olavs Hospital, Olav Kyrres Gate 6, 7006 Trondheim, Norway
| | - H. Zulewski
- Division of Gastroenterology, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - R. Brancatisano
- Institute of Weight Control, 495 Windsor Road, Baulkham Hills, NSW 2153, Australia
| | - L. Kow
- Adelaide Bariatric Center, Flinders Private Hospital, Suite 502/Level 5, Bedford Park, SA, 5041, Australia
| | - J. P. Pantoja
- Instituto Nacional de la Nutricion, Salvador Zubiran (INNSZ), Vasco de Quiroga 15, Tlalpan, 1400 Mexico City, DF, Mexico
| | - G. Johnsen
- Center for Obesity, St. Olavs Hospital, Olav Kyrres Gate 6, 7006 Trondheim, Norway
| | - A. Brancatisano
- Institute of Weight Control, 495 Windsor Road, Baulkham Hills, NSW 2153, Australia
| | - K. S. Tweden
- EnteroMedics Inc., 2800 Patton Road, St. Paul, MN 55113, USA
- *K. S. Tweden:
| | - M. B. Knudson
- EnteroMedics Inc., 2800 Patton Road, St. Paul, MN 55113, USA
| | - C. J. Billington
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota Veterans' Administration Medical Center, One Veterans' Drive, Minneapolis, MN 55417, USA
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Toouli J, Kow L, Ramos AC, Aigner F, Pattyn P, Galvão-Neto MP, Miller KA, Romano S, Gutierrez M, Jokinen J. International multicenter study of safety and effectiveness of Swedish Adjustable Gastric Band in 1-, 3-, and 5-year follow-up cohorts. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2009; 5:598-609. [PMID: 19656740 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2009.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2008] [Revised: 03/11/2009] [Accepted: 04/22/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND No long-term, international, multicenter studies of the effectiveness and safety of the SAGB in morbid obesity have been previously published. The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness and safety of the Swedish Adjustable Gastric Band (SAGB) at 6 bariatric centers in Australia, Europe, and Brazil, with < or =5 years of follow-up; the effect on patient covariates; and changes in co-morbidity. METHODS A 2-phase study design was used, involving both retrospective and prospective data. SAGB was implanted by way of the pars flaccida 1, 3, and 5 years previously. The retrospective phase entailed a review of the records. The prospective phase included a subset of eligible patients who agreed to undergo additional clinical assessments. The percentage of excess weight loss (%EWL), patient level predictors, change in co-morbidities, and complications were analyzed. RESULTS A total of 481 patients in 3 mutually exclusive follow-up cohorts (1 yr, n = 200; 3 yr, n = 184; 5 yr, n = 97) participated in the present study. Of these 481 patients, 339 (1 yr, n = 139; 3 yr, n = 131; 5 yr, n = 69) underwent prospective evaluations. The mean %EWL was 43.5% + or - 21.8%, 57.7% + or - 25.9%, and 49.8% + or - 27.6% and the mean change in body mass index was -7.64, -10.75, and -9.52 in the 1-, 3-, and 5-year cohorts, respectively (P <.001). Gender and age did not predict the %EWL; however, a greater preoperative body mass index was inversely related to the %EWL. Longer postimplantation times were associated with greater improvement in co-morbidities and with greater frequencies of reoperation. Fewer than 15% of the patients in the 5-year cohort had undergone band removal and 10% required band revisions. No fatal or life-threatening complications occurred. CONCLUSION SAGB is safe and effective in inducing weight loss and improvement of co-morbidities in morbidly obese patients at international bariatric centers at 1, 3, and 5 years postoperatively.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Toouli
- Department of Surgery, Flinders University of South Australia, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia 5042, Australia
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Toouli J, Brancatisano R, Keller U, Kulseng B, Brancatisano A, Frey DM, Kow L, Johnsen G, Bhole D, Billington CJ, Tweden KS, Vollmer M, Wilson RR, Carey RM. P-81: Intermittent vagal blockade with an implantable device improves blood pressure in obese subjects. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2009.03.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Phillips ML, Boase S, Wahlroos S, Dugar M, Kow L, Stahl J, Slavotinek JP, Valentine R, Toouli J, Thompson CH. Associates of change in liver fat content in the morbidly obese after laparoscopic gastric banding surgery. Diabetes Obes Metab 2008; 10:661-7. [PMID: 17941875 DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-1326.2007.00793.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM Hepatic steatosis affects up to 30% of the population. After weight loss, monitoring of the change in hepatic steatosis is not routinely performed. This study aimed to define the closest associates of change in liver fat content in a population of obese females following laparoscopic gastric banding surgery. METHODS Before and 3 months after surgery, proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy and magnetic resonance imaging were used to estimate the amount of lipid contained within the liver and abdominal subcutaneous and visceral compartments of 29 obese [mean body mass index (BMI) 39 +/- 5 kg/m(2)], non-diabetic women aged between 20 and 62 years. Liver enzymes, fasting plasma glucose and insulin were also measured as well as body weight, BMI and waist circumference. Insulin sensitivity was estimated using homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance index. RESULTS Significant reductions occurred in body weight (p < 0.001), abdominal fat volumes (p < 0.001) and liver fat (p = 0.037) 3 months after surgery. Change in liver fat content more closely associated with change in serum gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT; r = 0.71, p < 0.001) than with changes in weight (r = 0.10, p = 0.612) and waist circumference (r = 0.15, p = 0.468). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that obese non-diabetic female patients who have undergone significant weight loss over 3 months can be better assessed for the regression of excess liver fat content by monitoring changes in serum GGT levels rather than changes in simple anthropometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Phillips
- Department of General Medicine, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia.
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9
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Camilleri M, Toouli J, Herrera MF, Kulseng B, Kow L, Pantoja JP, Marvik R, Johnsen G, Billington CJ, Moody FG, Knudson MB, Tweden KS, Vollmer M, Wilson RR, Anvari M. Intra-abdominal vagal blocking (VBLOC therapy): clinical results with a new implantable medical device. Surgery 2008; 143:723-31. [PMID: 18549888 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2008.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2007] [Accepted: 03/14/2008] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A new medical device uses high-frequency electrical algorithms to create intermittent vagal blocking (VBLOC therapy). The aim is to assess the effects of vagal blocking on excess weight loss (EWL), safety, dietary intake, and vagal function. METHODS An open-label, 3-center study was conducted in obese subjects (body mass index [BMI] 35-50 kg/m(2)). Electrodes were implanted laparoscopically on both vagi near the esophagogastric junction to provide electrical block. Patients were followed for 6 months for body weight, safety, electrocardiogram, dietary intake, satiation, satiety, and plasma pancreatic polypeptide (PP) response to sham feeding. To specifically assess device effects alone, no diet or exercise programs were instituted. RESULTS Thirty-one patients (mean BMI, 41.2 +/- 1.4 kg/m(2)) received the device. Mean EWL at 4 and 12 weeks and 6 months after implant was 7.5%, 11.6%, and 14.2%, respectively (all P < .001); 25% of patients lost >25% EWL at 6 months (maximum, 36.8%). There were no deaths or device-related serious adverse events (AEs). Calorie intake decreased by >30% at 4 and 12 weeks and 6 months (all P <or= .01), with earlier satiation (P < .001) and reduced hunger (P = .005). After 12 weeks, plasma PP responses were suppressed (20 +/- 7 vs 42 +/- 19 pg/mL). Average percent EWL in patients with PP response <25 pg/mL was double that with PP response >25 pg/mL (P = .02). Three patients had serious AEs that required brief hospitalization, 1 each for lower respiratory tract, subcutaneous implant site seroma, and Clostridium difficile diarrhea. CONCLUSIONS Intermittent, intra-abdominal vagal blocking is associated with significant EWL and a desirable safety profile.
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Abstract
A means of accurately predicting the presence of stones in the bile duct in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy for gallbladder stones is lacking. With the use of a three-stage analysis, a predictive score was developed from seven common parameters. Initially the score was formulated by using data from a retrospective series of patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy; the system was then tested prospectively over a 1-year period in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy for gallbladder stones. This simple scoring system demonstrated an ability to predict bile duct stones with a sensitivity in excess of 70%. The use of such a score may allow the development of preoperative strategies for treating patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Soltan
- Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Bile leakage is an uncommon complication of cholecystectomy.The bile may originate from the gallbladder bed, the cystic duct or rarely from injury to a major bile duct.This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of minimal access endoscopic and percutaneous techniques in treating symptomatic bile leak. PATIENTS AND METHODS Twenty-one patients with symptomatic bile leak following laparoscopic cholecystectomy underwent assessment of the extent of the bile leak via ultrasound/CT and ERCP. Following diagnosis, the patients were treated by sphincterotomy and biliary drainage and, if necessary, percutaneous drainage of the bile collection. RESULTS Only one patient required primary surgical treatment following diagnosis of a major duct injury.The other 20 were treated by a combination of sphincterotomy (including a stent in most) plus percutaneous drainage in six. In 19 of 20, this minimal access approach stopped the leak. DISCUSSION Most patients who present with bile leakage after cholecystectomy can be managed successfully by means of ERCP with percutaneous drainage of any large bile collection.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Tzovaras
- Hepatobiliary Unit, Department of General & Digestive Surgery, Flinders Medical CentreAdelaide South AustraliaAustralia
| | - P Peyser
- Hepatobiliary Unit, Department of General & Digestive Surgery, Flinders Medical CentreAdelaide South AustraliaAustralia
| | - L Kow
- Hepatobiliary Unit, Department of General & Digestive Surgery, Flinders Medical CentreAdelaide South AustraliaAustralia
| | - T Wilson
- Hepatobiliary Unit, Department of General & Digestive Surgery, Flinders Medical CentreAdelaide South AustraliaAustralia
| | - R Padbury
- Hepatobiliary Unit, Department of General & Digestive Surgery, Flinders Medical CentreAdelaide South AustraliaAustralia
| | - J Toouli
- Hepatobiliary Unit, Department of General & Digestive Surgery, Flinders Medical CentreAdelaide South AustraliaAustralia
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Tzovaras G, Shukla P, Kow L, Mounkley D, Wilson T, Toouli J. What are the risks of diagnostic and therapeutic endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography? Aust N Z J Surg 2000; 70:778-82. [PMID: 11147436 DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1622.2000.01964.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diagnostic and therapeutic endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) has been practised widely over the last 20 years, and it has revolutionized the diagnosis and management of biliary and pancreatic conditions. More recently newer techniques (magnetic resonance imaging) for diagnosis and therapy (laparoscopic biliary surgery) have evolved. The present paper evaluates the risks of ERCP procedures in a modern setting. METHODS A prospective audit of all ERCP carried out by a single unit across two campuses over 12 months was undertaken. All procedures were included and predetermined morbidity criteria were recorded and evaluated by independent observers who did not perform the procedures. RESULTS During this period 372 procedures were performed. A total of 9.4% of procedures failed to achieve the preprocedure-stated goal. There were five deaths (30-day mortality of 1.3%) and in 16 patients complications were recorded (morbidity of 4.3%). Two clinical and two technical factors were shown to be associated with the morbidity and mortality by multiple logistic regression analysis: diagnosis of sphincter of Oddi dysfunction; presence of jaundice; need to perform percutaneous transhepatic drainage of an obstructed biliary system after a failed endoscopic approach; and multiple ERCP. CONCLUSIONS These results compare favourably with results from other reported series and serve to illustrate the relative safety of diagnostic and therapeutic ERCP.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Tzovaras
- Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Flinders Medical Center, Repatriation General Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Abstract
AIMS: Gastric bypass and vertical banded gastroplasty (VBG) are currently the most commonly performed bariatric procedures but neither are ideal. The results of the first 56 patients who had laparoscopic Swedish adjustable gastric banding (SAGB) are presented. METHODS: All patients referred for bariatric surgery were considered for SAGB. Each was given the alternative of gastric bypass. Patients with a body mass index of less than 35, large hiatus hernia, under 18 years of age, gastric pathology and significant psychiatric illness were excluded. Preoperative gastroscopy, ultrasonographic examination of the gallbladder and specialist anaesthetic assessment were arranged. All but five patients had attempted laparoscopic procedures. Patients were discharged when they were mobile and could tolerate 1500 ml fluid per day. Patients were given a liquidized diet for 6 weeks. Assessments were made at 6 weeks and 3, 6, 9 and 12 months. RESULTS: Some 56 consecutive patients were followed for up to 12 months. The conversion rate fell from 52 per cent for the first 25 patients to 20 per cent for the last 20. Conversion rates were higher in men and in superobese patients. The duration of a laparoscopic operation fell significantly with experience but was still significantly longer than that of an open procedure (P < 0.004). The length of hospital stay was significantly shorter for laparoscopic procedures (P < 0.001). There was no death and little morbidity. Two bands had to be removed (easily) by open surgery, one for infection and one for a recurrence of gastric herniation. The mean excess weight loss was 60 per cent at 12 months. Greater than 50 per cent of excess body-weight was lost by 48 per cent of patients at 6 months and 69 per cent at 12 months. Band adjustments in most patients achieved further weight loss to compensate for late pouch dilatation. Most failures were in patients who failed to attend. CONCLUSION: SAGB appears to have many advantages over gastric bypass and VBG; it avoids stapling the stomach, should not cause any malabsorption, can be performed laparoscopically, is adjustable, is more readily reversed (if necessary) and, therefore, has the potential for lower associated morbidity and mortality rates. In terms of excess weight loss, the early results are certainly as good, if not better, than those of gastric bypass and VBG.
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Affiliation(s)
- TA Wright
- Department of Surgery, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Kow L, Toouli J, Brookman J, McDonald PJ. Comparison of cefotaxime plus metronidazole versus cefoxitin for prevention of wound infection after abdominal surgery. World J Surg 1995; 19:680-6; discussion 686. [PMID: 7571663 DOI: 10.1007/bf00295902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
In a randomized prospective stratified trial consisting of 1010 patients undergoing abdominal surgery involving the viscera, the efficacy of cefotaxime plus metronidazole was compared to cefoxitin for preventing wound infection. The efficacy of a single dose of antibiotics versus three doses over 24 hours was also evaluated. This study demonstrated that a single-dose antibiotic regimen was as effective as a multiple-dose regimen in the prophylaxis of wound infections following abdominal surgery. In addition it demonstrated that the cefotaxime plus metronidazole regimen is comparable to that of cefoxitin and is more cost-effective. It is concluded that a single dose of cefotaxime plus metronidazole provides effective prophylaxis against postoperative wound infections following abdominal surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Kow
- Department of Surgery, Flinders Medical Center, Bedford Park, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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