1
|
Moazami N, Smith D, Stern J, Kim J, Khalil K, James L, Kowalski H, Bisen S, Bamira D, Saraon T, Reyentovich A, Piper G, Sommer P, Ngai J, Mangiola M, Mehta S, Griesemer A, Ayares D, Narula N, Weldon E, Montgomery R. Two 10-Gene Modified Xenoheart Transplants into Brain Dead Decedents. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.1507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
|
2
|
Bamira D, Vainrib A, Saric M, Saraon T, Reyentovich A, Jaffe I, James L, Stern J, Khalil K, Weldon E, Ayares D, Griesemer A, Smith D, Montgomery R, Moazami N. Echocardiographic Evaluation of Two 10-Gene Modified Xenoheart Transplants into Brain Dead Decedents. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.1505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
|
3
|
Chang S, Piper G, Chan J, Geraci T, Hsiung T, James L, Ngai J, Natalini J, Rudym D, Lesko M, Hussain S, Reyentovich A, Moazami N, Smith D, Angel L. Lung Transplantation Utilizing Donor after Circulatory Death with Normothermic Regional Perfusion. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.1027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
|
4
|
Rangel TL, Saul T, Bindler R, Roney JK, Penders RA, Faulkner R, Miller L, Sperry M, James L, Wilson ML. Exercise, diet, and sleep habits of nurses working full-time during the COVID-19 pandemic: An observational study. Appl Nurs Res 2023; 69:151665. [PMID: 36635006 PMCID: PMC9743780 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnr.2022.151665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthy diet, exercise, and sleep practices may mitigate stress and prevent illness. However, lifestyle behaviors of acute care nurses working during stressful COVID-19 surges are unclear. PURPOSE To quantify sleep, diet, and exercise practices of 12-hour acute care nurses working day or night shift during COVID-19-related surges. METHODS Nurses across 10 hospitals in the United States wore wrist actigraphs and pedometers to quantify sleep and steps and completed electronic diaries documenting diet over 7-days. FINDINGS Participant average sleep quantity did not meet national recommendations; night shift nurses (n = 23) slept significantly less before on-duty days when compared to day shift nurses (n = 34). Proportionally more night shift nurses did not meet daily step recommendations. Diet quality was low on average among participants. DISCUSSION Nurses, especially those on night shift, may require resources to support healthy sleep hygiene, physical activity practices, and diet quality to mitigate stressful work environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T L Rangel
- Providence Health System, United States of America.
| | - T Saul
- Providence Health System, United States of America
| | - R Bindler
- Providence Health System, United States of America; Washington State University, United States of America
| | - J K Roney
- Providence Health System, United States of America
| | - R A Penders
- Providence Health System, United States of America
| | - R Faulkner
- Providence Health System, United States of America
| | - L Miller
- Lincoln Memorial University, United States of America
| | - M Sperry
- Providence Health System, United States of America
| | - L James
- Washington State University, United States of America
| | - M L Wilson
- Washington State University, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
James L, James S, Atherley L. The effects of shift-work schedules on the sleep, health, safety, and quality of life of police employees during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1128629. [PMID: 37139005 PMCID: PMC10149991 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1128629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The negative health and safety consequences of police fatigue are increasingly recognized as a critical problem. This study's objective was to measure the effects of different shift schedules on police employee health, safety, and quality of life. Methods A cross sectional research design surveyed employees (N = 319) from a large, U.S. west coast municipal police service during the fall of 2020. The survey was made up of a battery of validated instruments designed to assess dimensions of health and wellness (e.g., sleep, health, safety, and quality of life). Results We found 77.4% of police employees had poor sleep quality, 25.7% had excessive daytime sleepiness, 50.2% had PTSD symptoms, 51.9% had depressive symptoms, and 40.8% had anxiety symptoms. Working night shifts significantly decreased sleep quality and increased excessive sleepiness. Furthermore, employees working night shifts were significantly more likely to report falling asleep at the wheel while driving home than employees working other shifts. Discussion Our findings have implications for interventions designed to promote police employee sleep health, quality of life, and worker safety. We urge researchers and practitioners alike to target night shift workers, to help mitigate these risks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lois James
- College of Nursing, Health Sciences Campus, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States
- *Correspondence: Lois James,
| | - Stephen James
- Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Health Sciences Campus, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States
| | - Loren Atherley
- Performance, Analytics and Research Unit, Seattle Police Department, Seattle, WA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Allison P, Tiesman HM, Wong IS, Bernzweig D, James L, James SM, Navarro KM, Patterson PD. Working hours, sleep, and fatigue in the public safety sector: A scoping review of the research. Am J Ind Med 2022; 65:878-897. [PMID: 35711032 PMCID: PMC9851314 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.23407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The public safety sector includes law enforcement officers (LEO), corrections officers (CO), firefighter service (FF), wildland firefighting (WFF), and emergency medical services (EMS), as defined in the National Occupational Research Agenda (NORA) of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). Across these occupations, shiftwork, long-duration shifts, and excessive overtime are common. Our objective was to identify research gaps related to working hours, sleep, and fatigue among these workers. METHODS We used a scoping review study design that included searches of MEDLINE, Embase, CAB Abstracts, Global Health, PsychInfo, CINAHL, Scopus, Academic Search Complete, Agricultural and Environmental Science Collection, ProQuest Central, Cochrane Library, Safety Lit, Homeland Security Digital Library, and Sociological Abstracts using a range of occupational search terms and terms related to working hours, sleep, and fatigue. RESULTS Out of 3415 articles returned from our database search, 202 met all inclusion criteria. Six common outcomes related to working hours, sleep, and fatigue emerged: sleep, fatigue, work performance, injury, psychosocial stress, and chronic disease. Nearly two-thirds (59%, n = 120) of the studies were observational, of which 64% (n = 77) were cross sectional and 9% were (n = 11) longitudinal; 14% (n = 30) of the studies were reviews; and 19% (n = 39) were experimental or quasi-experimental studies. Only 25 of the 202 articles described mitigation strategies or interventions. FFs, LEOs, EMS, and WFFs were the most studied, followed by COs. CONCLUSIONS In general, more longitudinal and experimental studies are needed to enrich the knowledge base on the consequences of long working hours, poor sleep, and fatigue in the public safety sector. Few experimental studies have tested novel approaches to fatigue mitigation in diverse sectors of public safety. This gap in research limits the decisions that may be made by employers to address fatigue as a threat to public-safety worker health and safety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Penelope Allison
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Hope M. Tiesman
- Division of Safety Research, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Imelda S. Wong
- Division of Science Integration, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - David Bernzweig
- Ohio Association of Professional Fire Fighters, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Lois James
- Sleep and Performance Research Center, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington, USA
| | - Stephen M. James
- Sleep and Performance Research Center, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington, USA
| | - Kathleen M. Navarro
- Division of Field Studies and Engineering, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - P. Daniel Patterson
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Burgess A, Venkatesh A, Davies EA, Howells CJB, Quinn P, Burberry DJ, James L, Hopkins C, Mdhlongwa A, Davies DA, Ansar A, Clee D. 1028 OLDER PERSON’S ASSESSMENT SERVICE (OPAS): DELIVERING COMPREHENSIVE GERIATRIC ASSESSMENT (CGA) IN THE EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT (ED). Age Ageing 2022. [PMCID: PMC9384279 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afac126.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Innovative models of service delivery are required to provide Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment for older patients presenting to the Emergency Department with frailty syndromes. Method In 2018, the Older Person’s Assessment Service began a liaison service to the ED, taking referrals from the medical and ED teams for patients who presented with frailty syndromes (falls, cognitive impairment, care dependence, polypharmacy). The service saw 437 patients April–August 2018. 76% of the patients assessed were discharged by utilising available community services, rapid access outpatient follow up and inpatient reablement off the acute site. The service was estimated to avoid 50–80 admissions per month to medicine (saving 17–23 beds a year) and was commissioned as a permanent service. Phase 2 In 2020, a dedicated unit within ED was allocated to OPAS, enabling the acceptance of patients directly from triage and from the Ambulance Service by direct referral. This provided rapid access to specialist assessment, continued access to Elderly Care services, avoided exposure to coronavirus related admissions and the risks of nosocomial infection associated with admission. The service operates from 8 am-4 pm on weekdays. Results Between June 2020 and October 2021, the service saw 1,173 new patients. 988 patients (84.5%) were discharged off the acute site on the day of assessment. 68 (5.79%) patients were admitted to other facilities run by the Health Board (e.g Inpatient Reablement). The average age of an OPAS patient was 83 yrs and had a CFS > 5. Readmission rate at 14 days was 4% (47).Of the 253 patients who were admitted to an inpatient setting, 13.5% (35) contracted nosocomial covid-19. Conclusion The service has been supported and funded to expand into extended weekday hours as a result of this success and there are plans for future 7 day working.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Burgess
- Department of Elderly Care, Morriston Hospital. Swansea Bay University Health Board
| | - A Venkatesh
- Department of Elderly Care, Morriston Hospital. Swansea Bay University Health Board
| | - E A Davies
- Department of Elderly Care, Morriston Hospital. Swansea Bay University Health Board
| | - C J B Howells
- Department of Elderly Care, Morriston Hospital. Swansea Bay University Health Board
| | - P Quinn
- Department of Elderly Care, Morriston Hospital. Swansea Bay University Health Board
| | - D J Burberry
- Department of Elderly Care, Morriston Hospital. Swansea Bay University Health Board
| | - L James
- Department of Elderly Care, Morriston Hospital. Swansea Bay University Health Board
| | - C Hopkins
- Department of Elderly Care, Morriston Hospital. Swansea Bay University Health Board
| | - A Mdhlongwa
- Department of Elderly Care, Morriston Hospital. Swansea Bay University Health Board
| | - D A Davies
- Department of Elderly Care, Morriston Hospital. Swansea Bay University Health Board
| | - A Ansar
- Department of Elderly Care, Morriston Hospital. Swansea Bay University Health Board
| | - D Clee
- Department of Elderly Care, Morriston Hospital. Swansea Bay University Health Board
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gulek BG, Haberman M, Oneal G, James L. 309 Oscillating Between Gratitude and Fear: Lived Experience of Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Survivors. Neurosurgery 2022. [DOI: 10.1227/neu.0000000000001880_309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
|
9
|
Wilson M, Elkins-Brown N, James L, James SM, Stevens K, Butterfield P. Psychometric Evaluation of the Creighton Competency Evaluation Instrument in a Population of Working Nurses. J Nurs Meas 2021; 30:148-167. [PMID: 34518427 DOI: 10.1891/jnm-d-20-00083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE This study explored the psychometric properties of the Creighton Competency Evaluation Instrument (C-CEI), previously validated for use with nursing students, to assess simulation performance among registered nurses working 12-hour shifts. Valid and reliable measurements are needed to test clinical and simulation competencies and characterize the effects of fatigue on nursing performance. METHODS Trained raters scored nurses' patient care performance in simulation scenarios using the C-CEI. We analyzed the instrument's principal components, internal reliability, and construct validity. RESULTS Internal reliability of the C-CEI aggregate score and the Clinical Decision-making component were high (>.70). The latter robustly correlated with predicted cognitive effectiveness, a measure of fatigue. CONCLUSIONS The C-CEI is a reliable measure for use among registered nurses and its further development will be important for testing performance of working nurses and fatigue-mitigation innovations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lois James
- Washington State University, Spokane, Washington
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
James L, Elkins-Brown N, Wilson M, James SM, Dotson E, Edwards CD, Wintersteen-Arleth L, Stevens K, Butterfield P. The effects of three consecutive 12-hour shifts on cognition, sleepiness, and domains of nursing performance in day and night shift nurses: A quasi-experimental study. Int J Nurs Stud 2021; 123:104041. [PMID: 34411842 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2021.104041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthcare systems have widely adopted consecutive 12 h day and night shifts for nurses, but the effects of these shifts on cognition, sleepiness, and nursing performance remains understudied. OBJECTIVE To determine the extent of changes in cognition and sleepiness in nurses working three consecutive 12 h shifts, quantify the respective impacts of these changes on different aspects of nursing performance, and investigate individual differences in all measures. DESIGN A quasi-experimental, between-within design collected data from nurses between November 2018 and March 2020. The between-groups component was comprised of day shift nurses vs. night shift nurses, while the within-groups component was comprised of two separate test sessions for each nurse: one immediately following a third consecutive shift (fatigued) and one after three consecutive days off work (rested). SETTING Participants were tested in a northwestern US university's nursing simulation laboratory. PARTICIPANTS A volunteer sample of 94 registered nurses involved in direct patient care working 12 h shifts were recruited from two local hospitals. METHODS Simulated nursing performance was measured in seven separate domains and an aggregate score from the Creighton Competence and Evaluation Inventory, covering both lower- and higher-level constructs like procedural skills, assessment, decision-making, etc. Cognition and sleepiness were assessed through measures of sustained attention, predicted cognitive effectiveness, and subjective sleepiness. RESULTS In our 94 nurses, individual differences in all our measures varied from trivial to extensive. For six domains of performance and the aggregate score there were no significant differences in means across groups or conditions. For the seventh, Communication skills were lower for night nurses than day nurses, but this effect was small. After three consecutive shifts, sustained attention and predicted cognitive effectiveness decreased, and subjective sleepiness increased. Predicted cognitive effectiveness was particularly low for fatigued night nurses relative to other conditions and was positively correlated with Communication while controlling for other predictors. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Nurses maintained their levels of performance for all domains after three consecutive shifts. Individual differences in predicted cognitive effectiveness could account for variation in performance by shift type for Communication skills but for no other domain of performance. Communication skills and predicted cognitive effectiveness may interest researchers in the development of fatigue-mitigation strategies for night nurses, but our findings also suggest that more sensitive measures of performance may be necessary to capture other meaningful effects of long, consecutive shifts-if any-on patient care. Tweetable abstract: The effects of three consecutive 12 h shifts on cognition, sleepiness, and domains of nursing performance in day and night shift nurses: A quasi-experimental study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lois James
- College of Nursing, Washington State University, 412 E. Spokane Falls Blvd, Room 426B, Spokane, WA 99202, USA; Sleep and Performance Research Center, Washington State University, WA, USA.
| | - Nathaniel Elkins-Brown
- College of Nursing, Washington State University, 412 E. Spokane Falls Blvd, Room 426B, Spokane, WA 99202, USA.
| | - Marian Wilson
- College of Nursing, Washington State University, 412 E. Spokane Falls Blvd, Room 426B, Spokane, WA 99202, USA; Sleep and Performance Research Center, Washington State University, WA, USA.
| | - Stephen M James
- College of Nursing, Washington State University, 412 E. Spokane Falls Blvd, Room 426B, Spokane, WA 99202, USA; Sleep and Performance Research Center, Washington State University, WA, USA.
| | - Elizabeth Dotson
- Department of Criminal Justice & Criminology, Washington State University, WA, USA.
| | - Charles D Edwards
- College of Nursing, Washington State University, 412 E. Spokane Falls Blvd, Room 426B, Spokane, WA 99202, USA.
| | - Laura Wintersteen-Arleth
- College of Nursing, Washington State University, 412 E. Spokane Falls Blvd, Room 426B, Spokane, WA 99202, USA.
| | - Kevin Stevens
- College of Nursing, Washington State University, 412 E. Spokane Falls Blvd, Room 426B, Spokane, WA 99202, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hoe LS, Wildi K, Skeggs K, Bouquet M, Sato K, Jung J, Ainola C, Hyslop K, Heinsar S, Abbate G, Colombo S, Passmore M, Wood E, Wells M, Bartnikowski N, O'Neill H, Reid J, Shuker T, Haymet A, Livingstone S, Sato N, Obonyo N, James L, He T, McDonald C, Mullins D, Engkilde-Pedersen S, Diab S, Millar J, Malfertheiner M, Marshall L, Nair L, Rozencwajg S, Wang X, Shek Y, Platts D, Chan J, Boon C, Black D, Helms L, Bradbury L, Haqqani H, Molenaar P, Bassi GL, Suen J, McGiffin D, Fraser J. Donor Heart Preservation by Hypothermic Ex Vivo Perfusion - Improved Recipient Survival and Successful Prolongation of Ischemic Time. J Heart Lung Transplant 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2021.01.1864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
|
12
|
James L, Menezes S, Lawrence S. Improving health equity: improving access to heart and brain medications for women. Can J Cardiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2020.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
|
13
|
James L, James SM, Wilson M, Brown N, Dotson EJ, Dan Edwards C, Butterfield P. Sleep health and predicted cognitive effectiveness of nurses working 12-hour shifts: an observational study. Int J Nurs Stud 2020; 112:103667. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2020.103667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
14
|
Cowley C, Fuller P, Andrew Y, James L, Simons L, Sertoli M, Silburn S, Widdowson A, Jet Contributors, Bykov I, Rudakov D, Morgan T, Brons S, Scholten J, Vernimmen J, Bryant P, Harris B. Robust impurity detection and tracking for tokamaks. Phys Rev E 2020; 102:043311. [PMID: 33212582 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.102.043311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A robust impurity detection and tracking code, able to generate large sets of dust tracks from tokamak camera footage, is presented. This machine learning-based code is tested with cameras from the Joint European Torus, Doublet-III-D, and Magnum-PSI and is able to generate dust tracks with a 65-100% classification accuracy. Moreover, the number dust particles detected from a single camera shot can be up to the order of 1000. Several areas of improvement for the code are highlighted, such as generating more significant training data sets and accounting for selection biases. Although the code is tested with dust in single two-dimensional camera views, it could easily be applied to multiple-camera stereoscopic reconstruction or nondust impurities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Cowley
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - P Fuller
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Y Andrew
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - L James
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - L Simons
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - M Sertoli
- Culham Centre for Fusion Energy, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 3DB, United Kingdom
| | - S Silburn
- Culham Centre for Fusion Energy, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 3DB, United Kingdom
| | - A Widdowson
- Culham Centre for Fusion Energy, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 3DB, United Kingdom
| | - Jet Contributors
- Culham Centre for Fusion Energy, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 3DB, United Kingdom
| | - I Bykov
- General Atomics, San Diego, California 92186, USA
| | - D Rudakov
- General Atomics, San Diego, California 92186, USA
| | - T Morgan
- DIFFER-Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research, 5612 AJ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - S Brons
- DIFFER-Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research, 5612 AJ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - J Scholten
- DIFFER-Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research, 5612 AJ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - J Vernimmen
- DIFFER-Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research, 5612 AJ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - P Bryant
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GJ, United Kingdom
| | - B Harris
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GJ, United Kingdom
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Hissourou M, James L, Chepkemoi L, Ma X, Zhou X, Belembaogo E, Balogun O. Cervical Cancer: The Gabonese Experience. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.1553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
16
|
Hissourou M, James L, Chepkemoi L, Zeitner S, Kayende R, Belembaogo E, Balogun O. A Pilot Curriculum for the Implementation of 3-D Conformal Prone Breast Radiation Therapy (3D-CRT). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.2545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
17
|
Walweel K, Skeggs K, Boon AC, See Hoe LE, Bouquet M, Obonyo NG, Pedersen SE, Diab SD, Passmore MR, Hyslop K, Wood ES, Reid J, Colombo SM, Bartnikowski NJ, Wells MA, Black D, Pimenta LP, Stevenson AK, Bisht K, Marshall L, Prabhu DA, James L, Platts DG, Macdonald PS, McGiffin DC, Suen JY, Fraser JF. Endothelin receptor antagonist improves donor lung function in an ex vivo perfusion system. J Biomed Sci 2020; 27:96. [PMID: 33008372 PMCID: PMC7532654 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-020-00690-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A lung transplant is the last resort treatment for many patients with advanced lung disease. The majority of donated lungs come from donors following brain death (BD). The endothelin axis is upregulated in the blood and lung of the donor after BD resulting in systemic inflammation, lung damage and poor lung graft outcomes in the recipient. Tezosentan (endothelin receptor blocker) improves the pulmonary haemodynamic profile; however, it induces adverse effects on other organs at high doses. Application of ex vivo lung perfusion (EVLP) allows the development of organ-specific hormone resuscitation, to maximise and optimise the donor pool. Therefore, we investigate whether the combination of EVLP and tezosentan administration could improve the quality of donor lungs in a clinically relevant 6-h ovine model of brain stem death (BSD). METHODS After 6 h of BSD, lungs obtained from 12 sheep were divided into two groups, control and tezosentan-treated group, and cannulated for EVLP. The lungs were monitored for 6 h and lung perfusate and tissue samples were processed and analysed. Blood gas variables were measured in perfusate samples as well as total proteins and pro-inflammatory biomarkers, IL-6 and IL-8. Lung tissues were collected at the end of EVLP experiments for histology analysis and wet-dry weight ratio (a measure of oedema). RESULTS Our results showed a significant improvement in gas exchange [elevated partial pressure of oxygen (P = 0.02) and reduced partial pressure of carbon dioxide (P = 0.03)] in tezosentan-treated lungs compared to controls. However, the lungs hematoxylin-eosin staining histology results showed minimum lung injuries and there was no difference between both control and tezosentan-treated lungs. Similarly, IL-6 and IL-8 levels in lung perfusate showed no difference between control and tezosentan-treated lungs throughout the EVLP. Histological and tissue analysis showed a non-significant reduction in wet/dry weight ratio in tezosentan-treated lung tissues (P = 0.09) when compared to control. CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that administration of tezosentan could improve pulmonary gas exchange during EVLP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Walweel
- Critical Care Research Group, Level 3, Clinical Sciences Building, The Prince Charles Hospital, Rode Road, Brisbane, Australia.
| | - K Skeggs
- Critical Care Research Group, Level 3, Clinical Sciences Building, The Prince Charles Hospital, Rode Road, Brisbane, Australia.,Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - A C Boon
- Critical Care Research Group, Level 3, Clinical Sciences Building, The Prince Charles Hospital, Rode Road, Brisbane, Australia
| | - L E See Hoe
- Critical Care Research Group, Level 3, Clinical Sciences Building, The Prince Charles Hospital, Rode Road, Brisbane, Australia
| | - M Bouquet
- Critical Care Research Group, Level 3, Clinical Sciences Building, The Prince Charles Hospital, Rode Road, Brisbane, Australia
| | - N G Obonyo
- Critical Care Research Group, Level 3, Clinical Sciences Building, The Prince Charles Hospital, Rode Road, Brisbane, Australia.,Initiative to Develop African Research Leaders, KEMRI-Wellcome, Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - S E Pedersen
- Critical Care Research Group, Level 3, Clinical Sciences Building, The Prince Charles Hospital, Rode Road, Brisbane, Australia
| | - S D Diab
- Critical Care Research Group, Level 3, Clinical Sciences Building, The Prince Charles Hospital, Rode Road, Brisbane, Australia
| | - M R Passmore
- Critical Care Research Group, Level 3, Clinical Sciences Building, The Prince Charles Hospital, Rode Road, Brisbane, Australia
| | - K Hyslop
- Critical Care Research Group, Level 3, Clinical Sciences Building, The Prince Charles Hospital, Rode Road, Brisbane, Australia
| | - E S Wood
- Critical Care Research Group, Level 3, Clinical Sciences Building, The Prince Charles Hospital, Rode Road, Brisbane, Australia
| | - J Reid
- Critical Care Research Group, Level 3, Clinical Sciences Building, The Prince Charles Hospital, Rode Road, Brisbane, Australia
| | - S M Colombo
- Critical Care Research Group, Level 3, Clinical Sciences Building, The Prince Charles Hospital, Rode Road, Brisbane, Australia.,University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - M A Wells
- Critical Care Research Group, Level 3, Clinical Sciences Building, The Prince Charles Hospital, Rode Road, Brisbane, Australia.,School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - D Black
- Critical Care Research Group, Level 3, Clinical Sciences Building, The Prince Charles Hospital, Rode Road, Brisbane, Australia
| | - L P Pimenta
- Critical Care Research Group, Level 3, Clinical Sciences Building, The Prince Charles Hospital, Rode Road, Brisbane, Australia
| | - A K Stevenson
- Critical Care Research Group, Level 3, Clinical Sciences Building, The Prince Charles Hospital, Rode Road, Brisbane, Australia
| | - K Bisht
- Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - L Marshall
- The Prince Charles Hospital, Rode Road, Brisbane, Australia
| | - D A Prabhu
- The Prince Charles Hospital, Rode Road, Brisbane, Australia
| | - L James
- Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - D G Platts
- Critical Care Research Group, Level 3, Clinical Sciences Building, The Prince Charles Hospital, Rode Road, Brisbane, Australia
| | - P S Macdonald
- Cardiac Mechanics Research Laboratory, St. Vincent's Hospital and the Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW, 2061, Australia
| | - D C McGiffin
- Cardiothoracic Surgery and Transplantation, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - J Y Suen
- Critical Care Research Group, Level 3, Clinical Sciences Building, The Prince Charles Hospital, Rode Road, Brisbane, Australia.
| | - J F Fraser
- Critical Care Research Group, Level 3, Clinical Sciences Building, The Prince Charles Hospital, Rode Road, Brisbane, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
James L, Arango M, Lawrence S. The kids are not alright: Lessons from the advocacy pursuit of restrictions on food marketing. Eur J Public Health 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckaa165.324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Issue
Poor nutrition is a leading contributor to ill health worldwide. WHO recommends restrictions on the marketing of unhealthy food to children to reduce intakes of energy-dense, nutrient-poor foods. In Canada, the government made this a mandate commitment. This provides an opportunity for other countries pursuing public health nutrition policy to better understand and overcome commercial interests when trying to advance public health.
Background
Heart & Stroke Foundation (H&S) advocated for over a decade (2008-2019) to secure government policies to restrict food marketing to youth in Canada. The inclusion of such policy in the government's 2015 mandate was promising and the associated bill was one of the strongest in the world - well received by public health advocates worldwide, positioning Canada as global leader. However, the commercial interests of various stakeholders including food and marketing industries created concerns among policy makers. Public health advocates underestimated the influence, power and opposition of industry.
Results
In order to counter industry opposition, the public health community worked in coalitions and employed a range of innovative tactics to mitigate policy concerns. This included public engagement on social media, evidence generation, celebrity endorsement, as well as calling out industry practices and political blockers. Despite the innovative and collaborative approach of public health, the policy failed to be adopted.
Lessons
Food industry will use a range of concerns including economic, environmental, and health issues to generate skepticism among policy makers. Public health advocates working in nutrition need to be proactive and prepared with insightful counter arguments and evidence to dispel myths and re-frame the issue.
Key messages
Public health progress on nutrition policy is at an early stage and we need to learn lessons from successes and failures. There is a strong amount of food industry opposition to public health nutrition policy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L James
- Heart & Stroke Foundation, Ottawa, Canada
- LSHTM, London, UK
| | - M Arango
- Heart & Stroke Foundation, Ottawa, Canada
| | - S Lawrence
- Heart & Stroke Foundation, Ottawa, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
James L. Media's mixed messages on trans fat and sodium reductions during the policy making process. Eur J Public Health 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckaa165.323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
During the mid-2000's, reductions in the population intake of trans fat and sodium were commitments of the Government of Canada to reduce population risk for chronic disease. During the policy making process, various stakeholders interpreted and applied evidence in a range of ways to suit their interests. Media as a stakeholder has a powerful role in shaping both political will and public opinion.
Methods
A media analysis was conducted from 2004 - 2013 to access how trans fats and sodium reduction was portrayed in the Canadian media. Qualitative thematic analysis captured key subject areas including political ideology, personal responsibility/freedoms, industry tactics, evidence updates/disputes and health harms. Overall tone was assessed to be neutral, opposed or in favour of policy regulation. The number of quotes from key stakeholders contributed to the tone classification. Quantitative assessments compared the tone between trans fat and sodium cases.
Results
Trans fat and sodium were portrayed very differently by the media. Preliminary results show that trans fat was depicted as a harmful industry ingredient, used to extend profits at the expense of public health. On the other hand, communications around sodium research and evidence was not consistent. Media often pitted members of the scientific community against each other and reported on new studies that were outliers to the evidence base.
Conclusions
The media has an important role to play in shaping public perspectives on nutrition issues and related policy development. The media's mixed messages on sodium reduction may have contributed to the lack of political will and government's policy inaction. Public health practitioners and researchers should consider building in knowledge translation strategies into nutrition advocacy campaigns and research releases. Without these important strategies, the media's framing of nutrition issues could be counter-intuitive to public health aims.
Key messages
Media seems to have played a key factor in the the development of both trans fat and sodium reduction policies in Canada. Framing of nutrition research results and advocacy messages should align with public health policy goals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L James
- Public Health Policy, LSHTM, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
James L, Menezes S, Lawrence S, Aranago M. When universal health care isn’t truly universal: Beyond filling gaps in access to medicines. Eur J Public Health 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckaa165.1145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Issue
The Canadian healthcare system is defined by universality, but unfortunately that does not extend to drugs outside of hospitals. Access to medication remains an area of inequity, fragmentation and system failure, with millions struggling with cost related non-adherence. This has created major implications for public health, limiting the health status of populations. Canada's inequitable system and the recent pursuit to fix it, provides an opportunity to examine ways of balancing public health goals and health systems reform in a country with established public and private care services.
Background
The government mandated the creation of a plan to improve access to medications. Stakeholder consultations ran from June -September 2018 and the Heart & Stroke Foundation (H&S) aimed to create policy recommendations that would improve population health outcomes and inequities. Research review and analysis determined the scope of the problem and viable solutions. Questions arose around whether a solution could improve equity and lower health care costs without dismantling the existing private system.
Results
Visionary principles led to the recommendation of a universal pharmacare program, designed to improve access to cost-effective medicines for all people in Canada regardless of geography, age, or ability to pay. A hybrid -program would include a robust common formulary for which the public payer is the first payer creating cost efficiencies. Top-up private insurance would result in less strain on the public system and maintain the presence of the existing private industry.
Lessons
Health charities have a unique role to play in creating innovative policy solutions that also serve patient interests. In order to advance public health, health charities need to maintain focus on equity and avoid policy development that is biased with conflict of interest.
Key messages
Canada is primed to implement a unique universal pharmacare program that addresses healthy inequities. Varied stakeholder interests can block public health goals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L James
- Heart & Stroke Foundation, Ottawa, Canada
- Public Health Policy, LSHTM, London, Canada
| | - S Menezes
- Heart & Stroke Foundation, Ottawa, Canada
| | - S Lawrence
- Heart & Stroke Foundation, Ottawa, Canada
| | - M Aranago
- Heart & Stroke Foundation, Ottawa, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
James L, Menezes S, Lawrence S. Raising the bar: Sex and Gender-Based Analysis and Reporting (SGBAR) in health research. Eur J Public Health 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckaa165.1024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Issue
For decades, research has been male dominated: research led by men with male participants. Two-thirds of heart disease and stroke clinical research is based on men. When research is led by women, sex and gender are more likely to be incorporated into the research itself, and the levels of sex reporting also increases. Unfortunately, the low involvement of women in research around the world - as both researchers and participants - has led to findings that are not always applicable to women, resulting in gaps in treatment, care and recovery. The results are worse health outcomes for women in most countries.
Background
Applying sex and gender methods and analysis in research leads to higher quality results. A review of the literature and research landscape showed that sex and gender analysis was more common in public health, but not in clinical, biomedical or health systems research.
Results
The Heart and Stroke Foundation (Heart & Stroke), as both a funder of research and advocate for systems change recognized the research system perpetuated the inequities in women's health. The solution was to restructure the organization's research funding enterprise and also push for change among the health community. H&S put SGBAR requirements into its research funding program. To build on the change, H&S is now working across all levels of government and research institutions to secure SGBAR as a standard of practice. To date, this advocacy pursuit has created substantial systems change.
Lessons
Due to the complex research landscape, making SGBAR a priority across all research institutions is a massive undertaking. There is a need for both top down and bottom up approaches to ensure wide scale change.
Key messages
Incorporating sex and gender-based analysis and reporting in health research will improve health equity. Health research Funding agencies have an opportunity to raise the bar and shift the research environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L James
- Heart & Stroke Foundation, Ottawa, Canada
- LSHTM, London, UK
| | - S Menezes
- Heart & Stroke Foundation, Ottawa, Canada
| | - S Lawrence
- Heart & Stroke Foundation, Ottawa, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Hoe LS, Wells M, Bouquet M, Hyslop K, Passmore M, Bartnikowski N, Obonyo N, Reid J, O'Neill H, Shuker T, McDonald C, Engkilde-Pedersen S, Wildi K, Ainola C, Skeggs K, Jung J, Colombo S, Sato K, James L, He P, Wood E, Heinser S, Wang X, Abbate G, Livingstone S, Haymet A, Walweel K, Mullins D, Marasco S, Diab S, Tung J, Molenaar P, Bassi GL, Suen J, McGiffin D, Fraser J. Metabolic and Mitochondrial Alterations Following Brain Death and Heart Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2020.01.419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
|
23
|
Khan M, O'Sullivan M, Faitli B, Mellerio J, Fawkes R, Wood M, Hubbard L, Harris A, Iacobaccio L, Vlahovic T, James L, Brains L, Fitzpatrick M, Mayre‐Chilton K. 制定有关 EB 患者足部症状最佳治疗方法的新指南. Br J Dermatol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.18833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
24
|
Khan MT, O'Sullivan M, Faitli B, Mellerio JE, Fawkes R, Wood M, Hubbard LD, Harris AG, Iacobaccio L, Vlahovic T, James L, Brains L, Fitzpatrick M, Mayre-Chilton K. Creating new guidelines on how best to treat foot symptoms in people with EB. Br J Dermatol 2020; 182:e89-e114. [PMID: 32107777 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.18820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a complex rare condition that affects the skin and many parts of the body. Those born with EB have skin so fragile they are called 'butterfly children', their skin is quite simply as fragile as the wing of a butterfly. In the UK it is estimated that there are more than 5,000 people living with EB and 500,000 worldwide. Little clinical guidance for care existed until DEBRA International started a programme to develop clinical practice guidelines (CPGs). There were no previous guidelines and few published studies on foot care in EB so treatment decisions were largely based on individual opinion and experience. The panel - made up of clinical experts and people living with EB representing Australia, the UK, and the USA - aimed to describe foot problems in people of all ages with EB, and summarise current evidence and management. The authors used a logical podiatric (foot) care literature review focussed on patients with EB. The authors found that the evidence in this area was limited but several interventions (treatments) currently practised by podiatrists show positive outcomes. The study allowed the group to make recommendations on how to treat foot and nail disorders in patients with EB. Furthermore, the authors concluded that further research is needed. This is a summary of the study: Foot care in epidermolysis bullosa: evidence-based guideline.
Collapse
|
25
|
Feldsine PT, Lienau AH, Leung SC, Mui LA, Humbert F, Bohnert M, Mooijman K, Schulten S, Veld PI, Rollier P, Leuschner R, Capps K, Agin J, Allaert C, Asmundson R, Asperger H, Bohnert M, Bound A, Dixon L, Donda S, Espersen M, Foster K, Gangar V, Hammack T, Humbert F, Humes L, in’t Veld P, James L, Jost-Keating K, Kalinowski R, Kwan J, Lamb J, Leung S, Lienau A, Littell A, Mooijman K, Mui L, Ott M, Qvist S, Roberts D, Ruby R, Rude R, Santos C, Schulten S, Sellers R, Smith M, Solis D, Stecchini ML, Stegeman H, Steneryd A, Suktankar V, Wiberg C, Young V. Detection of Salmonella in Fresh Cheese, Poultry Products, and Dried Egg Products by the ISO 6579 Salmonella Culture Procedure and the AOAC Official Method: Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/86.2.275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Three food types were analyzed for the presence of Salmonella by the AOAC culture method and by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO 6579:2002) culture method. Paired test portions of each food type were simultaneously analyzed by both methods. A total of 21 laboratories representing federal government agencies and private industry, in the United States and Europe, participated in this interlaboratory study. Foods were artificially contaminated with Salmonella and competing microflora if naturally contaminated sources were not available. No statistical differences (p < 0.05) were observed between the AOAC and ISO culture methods for fresh cheese and dried egg products. A statistically significant difference was observed for one of the 2 lots of poultry from the first trial. The poultry meat used in this run was radiation sterilized, artificially contaminated with Salmonella and competitive flora, and then lyophilized. A second trial was conducted with 2 separate lots of raw ground chicken that were naturally contaminated. The results from the second trial showed no statistical difference between the 2 culture methods. A third trial involving 4 laboratories was conducted on 2 separate lots of naturally contaminated raw poultry. Again, no statistically significant differences occurred. It is recommended that ISO 6579:2002 culture method for Salmonella be adopted Official First Action for the analysis of fresh cheese, fresh chilled and frozen poultry, and dried egg products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrew H Lienau
- BioControl Systems, Inc., 12822 SE 32nd St, Bellevue, WA 98005
| | | | - Linda A Mui
- BioControl Systems, Inc., 12822 SE 32nd St, Bellevue, WA 98005
| | - Florence Humbert
- Agence Française de Sécurité Sanitaire des Aliments, Laboratoire d'Étude et de Recherches Avicoles et Porcines, BP 53, 22440, Ploufragan, France
| | - Marylène Bohnert
- Agence Française de Sécurité Sanitaire des Aliments, Laboratoire d'Étude et de Recherches Avicoles et Porcines, BP 53, 22440, Ploufragan, France
| | - Kirsten Mooijman
- National Institut of Public Health and Environment, Microbiological Laboratory for Health Protection, PO Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Saskia Schulten
- National Institut of Public Health and Environment, Microbiological Laboratory for Health Protection, PO Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Paul In’t Veld
- Regional Inspectorate South, PO Box 2280, 5202 CG's-Hertogenbosch, Rijzertlaan 19, 's-Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands
| | - Patricia Rollier
- Centre d'Étude et de Controle des Analyses en Industrie Laitière, BP 89, 39801 Poligny, France
| | - Renata Leuschner
- Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries, and Food, Control Science Laboratory, Sand Hutton, Y041 1LZ York, United Kingdom
| | - Katherine Capps
- Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries, and Food, Control Science Laboratory, Sand Hutton, Y041 1LZ York, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Masghati S, Davenport ER, James L, Howard DL. Occult Uterine Malignancy at the Time of Surgery for Uterine Fibroids: A Systematic Review. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2019.09.574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
27
|
Khan MT, O'Sullivan M, Faitli B, Mellerio JE, Fawkes R, Wood M, Hubbard LD, Harris AG, Iacobaccio L, Vlahovic T, James L, Brains L, Fitzpatrick M, Mayre-Chilton K. Foot care in epidermolysis bullosa: evidence-based guideline. Br J Dermatol 2019; 182:593-604. [PMID: 31397882 PMCID: PMC7065089 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.18381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This guideline was designed to provide service providers and users with an evidence-based set of current best practice guidelines for people and their families and carers, living with epidermolysis bullosa (EB). A systematic literature review relating to the podiatric care of patients with EB was undertaken. Search terms were used, for which the most recent articles relating to podiatric treatment were identified from as early as 1979 to the present day, across seven electronic search engines: MEDLINE, Wiley Online Library, Google Scholar, Athens, ResearchGate, Net and PubFacts.com. The Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) methodology was used. The first guideline draft was analysed and discussed by clinical experts, methodologists and patients and their representatives at four panel meetings. The resulting document went through an external review process by a panel of experts, other healthcare professionals, patient representatives and lay reviewers. The final document will be piloted in three different centres in the U.K. and Australia. Following an EB community international survey the outcomes indicated six main areas that the community indicated as a priority to foot management. These include blistering and wound management, exploring the most suitable footwear and hosiery for EB, management of dystrophic nails, hyperkeratosis (callus), maintaining mobility and fusion of toes (pseudosyndactyly). The evidence here is limited but several interventions currently practised by podiatrists show positive outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M T Khan
- EB Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Sick Children, London, U.K.,Royal London Hospital for Integrated Medicine, UCLH, London, U.K.,St George Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Barts and The London NHS Foundation Trust, London, U.K
| | - M O'Sullivan
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Trust, Solihull Hospital, Solihull, U.K.,Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Podiatry Birmingham, Birmingham, U.K
| | - B Faitli
- EB Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Sick Children, London, U.K
| | - J E Mellerio
- EB Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Sick Children, London, U.K.,St Thomas' Hospital, Westminster Bridge Road, London, SE1 7EH, U.K.,St John's Institute of Dermatology, Rare Diseases Centre, London, U.K
| | - R Fawkes
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Rare Diseases Centre, London, U.K
| | - M Wood
- EB Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Sick Children, London, U.K
| | - L D Hubbard
- St Thomas' Hospital, Westminster Bridge Road, London, SE1 7EH, U.K
| | - A G Harris
- St George Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Dermatology, Concord Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - L Iacobaccio
- The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - T Vlahovic
- Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, U.S.A
| | - L James
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Trust, Solihull Hospital, Solihull, U.K.,Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Podiatry Birmingham, Birmingham, U.K
| | - L Brains
- DEBRA Australia Member and Volunteer, Pittsworth, QLD, Australia
| | - M Fitzpatrick
- DEBRA Australia Member and Volunteer, Pittsworth, QLD, Australia.,DEBRA International, Vienna, Austria
| | - K Mayre-Chilton
- St Thomas' Hospital, Westminster Bridge Road, London, SE1 7EH, U.K.,DEBRA International, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Abstract
Background: The transition into shift work represents a critical and challenging time point in a nurse's career. The purpose of this study was to describe nursing students' sleep patterns and perceptions of safe practice during their first semester of clinical rotations. Method: Repeated measures pertaining to the sleep patterns of 19 full-time junior undergraduate nursing students were measured before, during, and after their first clinical rotations. Sleep was measured using wrist activity monitors and sleep diaries for seven consecutive days at each time period. Students' "self-efficacy" or belief in their ability to provide safe practice was measured for (a) patient care (preventing adverse events to patients) and (b) occupational health (preventing occupational injuries to themselves) using Bandura's self-efficacy scales. Associations between students' sleep, sleepiness, and their perceptions of safe practice were explored. Results: Nursing students' self-efficacy scores regarding patient care (preventing adverse events) improved across the three time periods (from 80% before clinical rotation, to 84% during clinical rotation, to 87% after clinical rotation). Although lower overall, students' self-efficacy scores regarding occupational health (preventing occupational injuries to themselves) also improved across the three time periods (from 71% before clinical rotation, to 76% during clinical rotation, to 77% after clinical rotation). Furthermore, increased sleepiness significantly predicted lower self-efficacy scores for both patient care and occupational health. Conclusion/Application to Practice: Sleepiness can impair nursing students' confidence in their ability to practice safely.
Collapse
|
29
|
Sridhar P, Roopesh K, Praveen kumar M, Abilash G, Kundavai S, Mandava A, Karumanchi P, Bilimagga R, Hamid M, James L, Ajai kumar B. Impact of Intra-Rectal Amifostine in Prostate cancer Patients treated with SBRT-CK. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.06.1774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
30
|
James L, Smart D, Odom-Maryon T, Honn KA, Rowan S. Sleep deprivation in Air National Guard medical personnel responding to simulated disaster-training exercises. Military Psychology 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/08995605.2019.1565909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lois James
- College of Nursing, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington
| | - Denise Smart
- College of Nursing, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington
| | | | - Kimberly A. Honn
- Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington
| | - Stephanie Rowan
- Dental School, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Hoe LS, Shuker T, Bartnikowski N, Passmore M, Bouquet M, Obonyo N, Engkilde-Pedersen S, McDonald C, Wells M, Boon A, Hyslop K, James L, Wildi K, Cullen L, Bassi GL, Suen J, McGiffin D, Fraser J. Characterisation of Cardiac Neurohormonal and Inflammatory Changes Induced by Brain Death in a Novel Ovine Heart Transplant Model. Heart Lung Circ 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2019.06.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
32
|
Medeiros DJ, Blitz MA, James L, Speak TH, Seakins PW. Kinetics of the Reaction of OH with Isoprene over a Wide Range of Temperature and Pressure Including Direct Observation of Equilibrium with the OH Adducts. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:7239-7255. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b04829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. J. Medeiros
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, U.K
| | - M. A. Blitz
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, U.K
- National Centre for Atmospheric Science, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, U.K
| | - L. James
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, U.K
| | - T. H. Speak
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, U.K
| | - P. W. Seakins
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, U.K
- National Centre for Atmospheric Science, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the prevalence of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in a sample of prison employees, investigate risk factors, and explore protective factors for PTSD. METHODS We surveyed 355 Washington State Department of Corrections employees. The survey included the PTSD checklist for the DSM-5 (PCL-5), the Critical Incident History Questionnaire, and the Work Environment Inventory. RESULTS We found 19% of the sample met the criteria for diagnosable PTSD. Several risk factors were associated with a higher PCL-5 score, including exposure to critical incidents, and having greater ambiguity in the job role. Being happy with job assignments and having positive relationships with supervisors and coworkers were associated with decreased PCL-5 score. CONCLUSIONS Prison employees have a PTSD rate equivalent to Iraq and Afghanistan war veterans and higher than police officers, suggesting the importance of developing programs for promoting resilience to stress, incorporating the knowledge gained on risk, and protective factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lois James
- Sleep and Performance Research Center, College of Nursing, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington
| | - Natalie Todak
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Knai C, James L, Petticrew M, Eastmure E, Durand MA, Mays N. An evaluation of a public-private partnership to reduce artificial trans fatty acids in England, 2011-16. Eur J Public Health 2018; 27:605-608. [PMID: 28339665 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckx002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Public Health Responsibility Deal (RD) is a public-private partnership in England involving voluntary pledges between government, and business and other public organizations to improve public health. One such voluntary pledge refers to the reduction of trans fatty acids (TFAs) in the food supply in England by either pledging not to use artificial TFAs or pledging artificial TFA removal. This paper evaluates the RD's effectiveness at encouraging signatory organizations to remove artificially produced TFAs from their products. Methods We analysed publically available data submitted by RD signatory organizations. We analysed their plans and progress towards achieving the TFAs pledge, comparing 2015 progress reports against their delivery plans. We also assessed the extent to which TFAs reductions beyond pre-2011 levels could be attributed to the RD. Results Voluntary reformulation via the RD has had limited added value, because the first part of the trans fat pledge simply requires organizations to confirm that they do not use TFAs and the second part, that has the potential to reduce use, has failed to attract the participation of food producers, particularly those producing fast foods and takeaways, where most remaining use of artificial TFAs is located. Conclusions The contribution of the RD TFAs pledges in reducing artificial TFAs from England's food supply beyond pre-2011 levels appears to be negligible. This research has wider implications for the growing international evidence base voluntary food policy, and offers insights for other countries currently undertaking work to remove TFAs from their food supply.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Knai
- Faculty of Public Health and Policy, Policy Innovation Research Unit, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - L James
- Faculty of Public Health and Policy, Policy Innovation Research Unit, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - M Petticrew
- Faculty of Public Health and Policy, Policy Innovation Research Unit, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - E Eastmure
- Faculty of Public Health and Policy, Policy Innovation Research Unit, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - M A Durand
- Faculty of Public Health and Policy, Policy Innovation Research Unit, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - N Mays
- Faculty of Public Health and Policy, Policy Innovation Research Unit, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Sunderman C, Gottschlich M, Allgeier C, James L, Boerger L, Warner P. 55 Utilization of Z-Scores to Identify Malnutrition in the Pediatric Burn Abuse and Neglect Population. J Burn Care Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jbcr/iry006.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C Sunderman
- Shriners Hospital for Children, Cincinnati, OH
| | | | - C Allgeier
- Shriners Hospital for Children, Cincinnati, OH
| | - L James
- Shriners Hospital for Children, Cincinnati, OH
| | - L Boerger
- Shriners Hospital for Children, Cincinnati, OH
| | - P Warner
- Shriners Hospital for Children, Cincinnati, OH
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Vishwanathan HK, James L. Gender and Tobacco Marketing in Social Media: How Celebrity Smoking Culture is Conveyed and Perceived by Young Women. Can J Cardiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2018.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
|
37
|
Boon A, See Hoe L, Pederson S, Obonyo N, Wells M, Bartnikowski N, Passmore M, Marshall L, James L, Tung J, Suen J, Macdonald P, McGiffin D, Fraser J. Inflammatory Cytokine Profiles in 24-Hour Brain Stem Death Model. J Heart Lung Transplant 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2018.01.506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
|
38
|
James L, Todak N, Best S. A response to the letter "Sleep Problems in Prison Employees" submitted to the American Journal of Industrial Medicine. Am J Ind Med 2017; 60:1102-1103. [PMID: 28984008 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.22778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lois James
- College of Nursing; Washington State University; Spokane Washington
| | - Natalie Todak
- Department of Criminal Justice; University of Alabama at Birmingham; Tempe Arizona
| | - Suzanne Best
- Department of Psychology; Lewis and Clarke College; Portland Oregon
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Turner AM, Dronamraju R, Strahl B, James L, Margolis D. Targeted screens identify new chromatin regulators of HIV latency. J Virus Erad 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s2055-6640(20)30583-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
|
40
|
Solomon B, Shaw A, Ou S, Besse B, Felip E, Bauer T, Soo R, Bearz A, Lin C, Clancy J, Abbattista A, Thurm H, Peltz G, Masters E, Martini J, James L, Seto T. OA 05.06 Phase 2 Study of Lorlatinib in Patients with Advanced ALK+/ROS1+ Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.09.351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
41
|
Merry A, Heyworth-Smith D, Kennedy C, Robertson S, James L. P83: QUALITY OF LIFE (QOL) ASSESSMENTS FOLLOWING THE USE OF PROPHYLACTIC C1 ESTERASE INHIBITOR CONCENTRATE IN PATIENTS WITH SEVERE HEREDITARY ANGIOEDEMA. Intern Med J 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/imj.83_13578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Merry
- Greenslopes Private Hospital; Brisbane Australia
| | | | - C Kennedy
- Greenslopes Private Hospital; Brisbane Australia
| | - S Robertson
- Greenslopes Private Hospital; Brisbane Australia
| | - L James
- Greenslopes Private Hospital; Brisbane Australia
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Postma J, Tuell E, James L, Graves JM, Butterfield P. Nursing Students’ Perceptions of the Transition to Shift Work: A Total Worker Health Perspective. Workplace Health Saf 2017; 65:533-538. [DOI: 10.1177/2165079917719713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nursing students make an abrupt transition from traditional classes to clinical rotations and shift work. Little is known about students’ sleep, sleep disturbances, and safe practice behaviors during this critical phase of professional development. The purpose of this study was to identify nursing students’ perceptions of problems and potential solutions related to shift work and long work hours. This qualitative, descriptive study used two nursing student focus groups which engaged in a two-round participatory process aimed at framing future interventions. Participants identified problems and solutions related to personal and workplace well-being. Findings will inform undergraduate curricular revisions, and hospital hiring and managerial practices.
Collapse
|
43
|
Nandar K, Ang LW, Tey J, James L, Kyi Win KM, Chee C, Ng OT, Cutter JL, Wang YT. Epidemiology of tuberculosis and HIV coinfections in Singapore, 2000-2014. HIV Med 2017; 19:59-64. [PMID: 28675626 DOI: 10.1111/hiv.12529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cross-matching of records between Singapore's tuberculosis and HIV registries showed that 3.3% of individuals with tuberculosis (TB) were coinfected with HIV (2000-2014), the TB incidence among individuals with HIV infection was 1.65 per 100 person-years, and 53% of coinfections were diagnosed within 1 month of each other. The findings supported joint prevention programmes for early diagnosis and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - L W Ang
- Ministry of Health, Singapore
| | - J Tey
- Ministry of Health, Singapore
| | - L James
- Ministry of Health, Singapore
| | | | - Cbe Chee
- Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | - O T Ng
- Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | | | - Y T Wang
- Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the prevalence of sleep disorders, deprivation, and quality in a sample of prison employees, and investigate the relationship between exposure to work-related critical incidents and sleep. METHODS We surveyed 355 Washington State Department of Corrections employees. The survey included the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index and the Critical Incident History Questionnaire. RESULTS We found 28% and 45% of the sample reported suffering from Apnea and insomnia, respectively. Over half of the sample reporting sleeping less than 2 h between shifts and being constantly fatigued. We found significant associations between exposure to critical incidents and sleep problems. CONCLUSIONS Prison workers are in desperate need of help to improve their sleep. Our findings suggest the importance of continued investigation of prison worker sleep health using objective measures, toward the development of programs for improving sleep and resilience to critical incidents and stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lois James
- College of Nursing; Washington State University; Spokane Washington
| | - Natalie Todak
- Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice; Arizona State University; Tempe Arizona
| | - Suzanne Best
- Department of Psychology; Lewis and Clarke College; Portland Oregon
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Dotson E, James S, James L, Vila B. 0266 EFFECTS OF FATIGUE ON OFFICER PERFORMANCE IN DEADLY FORCE SIMULATIONS. Sleep 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/sleepj/zsx050.265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
46
|
Roberts L, James L, Caia J, Wellington B, Scott T, Halson S, Kelly V. Effects of external counterpulsation therapy on acute recovery in elite Australian rugby league players. J Sci Med Sport 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2017.01.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
47
|
James L. Outcomes and Economic Impacts of the Dining with Diabetes Community-Based Lifestyle Modification Program in Pennsylvania. J Acad Nutr Diet 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2016.06.317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
48
|
Knai C, Petticrew M, Scott C, Durand MA, Eastmure E, James L, Mehrotra A, Mays N. Getting England to be more physically active: are the Public Health Responsibility Deal's physical activity pledges the answer? Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2015; 12:107. [PMID: 26384783 PMCID: PMC4574469 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-015-0264-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Public Health Responsibility Deal (RD) in England is a public-private partnership involving voluntary pledges between government, industry, and other organisations to improve public health by addressing alcohol, food, health at work, and physical activity. This paper analyses the RD physical activity (PA) pledges in terms of the evidence of their potential effectiveness, and the likelihood that they have motivated actions among organisations that would not otherwise have taken place. METHODS We systematically reviewed evidence of the effectiveness of interventions proposed in four PA pledges of the RD, namely, those on physical activity in the community; physical activity guidelines; active travel; and physical activity in the workplace. We then analysed publically available data on RD signatory organisations' plans and progress towards achieving the physical activity pledges, and assessed the extent to which activities among organisations could be attributed to the RD. RESULTS Where combined with environmental approaches, interventions such as mass media campaigns to communicate the benefits of physical activity, active travel in children and adults, and workplace-related interventions could in principle be effective, if fully implemented. However, most activities proposed by each PA pledge involved providing information or enabling choice, which has limited effectiveness. Moreover, it was difficult to establish the extent of implementation of pledges within organisations, given that progress reports were mostly unavailable, and, where provided, it was difficult to ascertain their relevance to the RD pledges. Finally, 15 % of interventions listed in organisations' delivery plans were judged to be the result of participation in the RD, meaning that most actions taken by organisations were likely already under way, regardless of the RD. CONCLUSIONS Irrespective of the nature of a public health policy to encourage physical activity, targets need to be evidence-based, well-defined, measurable and encourage organisations to go beyond business as usual. RD physical activity targets do not adequately fulfill these criteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Knai
- Policy Innovation Research Unit, Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, 15-17 Tavistock Place, London, WC1H 9SH, UK.
| | - M Petticrew
- Policy Innovation Research Unit, Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, 15-17 Tavistock Place, London, WC1H 9SH, UK.
| | - C Scott
- Policy Innovation Research Unit, Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, 15-17 Tavistock Place, London, WC1H 9SH, UK.
| | - M A Durand
- Policy Innovation Research Unit, Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, 15-17 Tavistock Place, London, WC1H 9SH, UK.
| | - E Eastmure
- Policy Innovation Research Unit, Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, 15-17 Tavistock Place, London, WC1H 9SH, UK.
| | - L James
- Policy Innovation Research Unit, Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, 15-17 Tavistock Place, London, WC1H 9SH, UK.
| | - A Mehrotra
- South Lewisham Practice, 50 Connisborough Crescent, London, SE6 2SP, UK.
| | - N Mays
- Policy Innovation Research Unit, Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, 15-17 Tavistock Place, London, WC1H 9SH, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Samuels C, James L, Lawson D, Meeuwisse W. The Athlete Sleep Screening Questionnaire: a new tool for assessing and managing sleep in elite athletes. Br J Sports Med 2015; 50:418-22. [DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2014-094332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
50
|
Ang LW, James L, Goh KT. Prevalence of diphtheria and tetanus antibodies among adults in Singapore: a national serological study to identify most susceptible population groups. J Public Health (Oxf) 2015; 38:99-105. [PMID: 25678536 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdv011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In view of waning antitoxin titres over time after the last vaccine dose against diphtheria and tetanus, we determined the immunity levels in adults to identify most susceptible groups for protection in Singapore. METHODS Our study involved residual sera from 3293 adults aged 18-79 who had participated in a national health survey in 2010. IgG antibody levels were determined using commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Overall, 92.0% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 91.1-92.9%) had at least basic protection against diphtheria (antibody levels ≥0.01 IU/ml), while 71.4% (95% CI: 69.8-72.9%) had at least short-term protection against tetanus (antibody levels >0.1 IU/ml). The seroprevalence declined significantly with age for both diseases; the drop was most marked in the 50- to 59-year age group for diphtheria and 60- to 69-year age group for tetanus. There was a significant difference in seroprevalence by residency for diphtheria (92.8% among Singapore citizens versus 87.1% among permanent residents; P = 0.001). The seroprevalence for tetanus was significantly higher among males (83.2%) than females (62.4%) (P < 0.0005). CONCLUSIONS It may be of value to consider additional vaccination efforts to protect older adults at higher risk for exposure against diphtheria and tetanus, particularly those travelling to areas where diphtheria is endemic or epidemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L W Ang
- Epidemiology and Disease Control Division, Ministry of Health, Singapore 169854, Singapore
| | - L James
- Epidemiology and Disease Control Division, Ministry of Health, Singapore 169854, Singapore
| | - K T Goh
- Communicable Diseases Division, Ministry of Health, Singapore 169854, Singapore Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|