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Pietsch N, Chen CY, Kupsch S, Bacmeister L, Geertz B, Herera-Rivero M, Voß H, Krämer E, Braren I, Westermann D, Schlüter H, Mearini G, Schlossarek S, van der Velden J, Caporizzo MA, Lindner D, Prosser BL, Carrier L. Chronic activation of tubulin tyrosination in HCM mice and human iPSC-engineered heart tissues improves heart function. bioRxiv 2024:2023.05.25.542365. [PMID: 37292763 PMCID: PMC10245930 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.25.542365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Rationale: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common cardiac genetic disorder caused by sarcomeric gene variants and associated with left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction. The role of the microtubule network has recently gained interest with the findings that -α-tubulin detyrosination (dTyr-tub) is markedly elevated in heart failure. Acute reduction of dTyr-tub by inhibition of the detyrosinase (VASH/SVBP complex) or activation of the tyrosinase (tubulin tyrosine ligase, TTL) markedly improved contractility and reduced stiffness in human failing cardiomyocytes, and thus poses a new perspective for HCM treatment. Objective: In this study, we tested the impact of chronic tubulin tyrosination in a HCM mouse model ( Mybpc3 -knock-in; KI), in human HCM cardiomyocytes and in SVBP-deficient human engineered heart tissues (EHTs). Methods and Results: AAV9-mediated TTL transfer was applied in neonatal wild-type (WT) rodents and 3-week-old KI mice and in HCM human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived cardiomyocytes. We show that i) TTL for 6 weeks dose-dependently reduced dTyr-tub and improved contractility without affecting cytosolic calcium transients in WT cardiomyocytes; ii) TTL for 12 weeks improved diastolic filling, cardiac output and stroke volume and reduced stiffness in KI mice; iii) TTL for 10 days normalized cell hypertrophy in HCM hiPSC-cardiomyocytes; iv) TTL induced a marked transcription and translation of several tubulins and modulated mRNA or protein levels of components of mitochondria, Z-disc, ribosome, intercalated disc, lysosome and cytoskeleton in KI mice; v) SVBP-deficient EHTs exhibited reduced dTyr-tub levels, higher force and faster relaxation than TTL-deficient and WT EHTs. RNA-seq and mass spectrometry analysis revealed distinct enrichment of cardiomyocyte components and pathways in SVBP-KO vs. TTL-KO EHTs. Conclusion: This study provides the first proof-of-concept that chronic activation of tubulin tyrosination in HCM mice and in human EHTs improves heart function and holds promise for targeting the non-sarcomeric cytoskeleton in heart disease.
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Bacmeister L, Goßling A, Buellesbach A, Birukov A, Myers JE, Thomas ST, Lee S, Andersen MS, Jorgensen JS, Diemert A, Blois SM, Arck PC, Hecher K, Herse F, Blankenberg S, Dechend R, Westermann D, Zeller T. High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin I Enhances Preeclampsia Prediction Beyond Maternal Factors and the sFlt-1/PlGF Ratio. Circulation 2024; 149:95-106. [PMID: 37982257 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.123.066199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preeclampsia shares numerous risk factors with cardiovascular diseases. Here, we aimed to assess the potential utility of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) values during pregnancy in predicting preeclampsia occurrence. METHODS This study measured hs-cTnI levels in 3721 blood samples of 2245 pregnant women from 4 international, prospective cohorts. Three analytical approaches were used: (1) a cross-sectional analysis of all women using a single blood sample, (2) a longitudinal analysis of hs-cTnI trajectories in women with multiple samples, and (3) analyses of prediction models incorporating hs-cTnI, maternal factors, and the sFlt-1 (soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1)/PlGF (placental growth factor) ratio. RESULTS Women with hs-cTnI levels in the upper quarter had higher odds ratios for preeclampsia occurrence compared with women with levels in the lower quarter. Associations were driven by preterm preeclampsia (odds ratio, 5.78 [95% CI, 2.73-12.26]) and remained significant when using hs-cTnI as a continuous variable adjusted for confounders. Between-trimester hs-cTnI trajectories were independent of subsequent preeclampsia occurrence. A prediction model incorporating a practical hs-cTnI level of detection cutoff (≥1.9 pg/mL) alongside maternal factors provided comparable performance with the sFlt-1/PlGF ratio. A comprehensive model including sFlt-1/PlGF, maternal factors, and hs-cTnI provided added value (cross-validated area under the receiver operator characteristic, 0.78 [95% CI, 0.73-0.82]) above the sFlt-1/PlGF ratio alone (cross-validated area under the receiver operator characteristic, 0.70 [95% CI, 0.65-0.76]; P=0.027). As assessed by likelihood ratio tests, the addition of hs-cTnI to each prediction model significantly improved the respective prediction model not incorporating hs-cTnI, particularly for preterm preeclampsia. Net reclassification improvement analyses indicated that incorporating hs-cTnI improved risk prediction predominantly by correctly reclassifying women with subsequent preeclampsia occurrence. CONCLUSIONS These exploratory findings uncover a potential role for hs-cTnI as a complementary biomarker in the prediction of preeclampsia. After validation in prospective studies, hs-cTnI, alongside maternal factors, may either be considered as a substitute for angiogenic biomarkers in health care systems where they are sparce or unavailable, or as an enhancement to established prediction models using angiogenic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Bacmeister
- Clinic for Cardiology and Angiology, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany (L.B., A. Buellesbach, D.W.)
| | - Alina Goßling
- Department of Cardiology (A.G., S.B., T.Z.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Annette Buellesbach
- Clinic for Cardiology and Angiology, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany (L.B., A. Buellesbach, D.W.)
| | - Anna Birukov
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA (A. Birukov)
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal (A. Birukov)
| | - Jenny E Myers
- Maternal & Fetal Health Research Centre, Faculty Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, United Kingdom (J.E.M., S.T.T., S.L.)
| | - Susan T Thomas
- Maternal & Fetal Health Research Centre, Faculty Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, United Kingdom (J.E.M., S.T.T., S.L.)
| | - Stacy Lee
- Maternal & Fetal Health Research Centre, Faculty Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, United Kingdom (J.E.M., S.T.T., S.L.)
| | - Marianne S Andersen
- Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital (M.S.A.), University of Southern Denmark, Odense
| | - Jan S Jorgensen
- Institute for Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences (J.S.J.), University of Southern Denmark, Odense
| | - Anke Diemert
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine (A.D., S.M.B., P.C.A., K.H.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sandra M Blois
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine (A.D., S.M.B., P.C.A., K.H.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Petra C Arck
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine (A.D., S.M.B., P.C.A., K.H.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kurt Hecher
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine (A.D., S.M.B., P.C.A., K.H.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Florian Herse
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a cooperation between the Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and the Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.H., R.D.)
| | - Stefan Blankenberg
- Department of Cardiology (A.G., S.B., T.Z.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- University Center for Cardiovascular Research (S.B.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg (S.B., T.Z.)
| | - Ralf Dechend
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a cooperation between the Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and the Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.H., R.D.)
- HELIOS Clinic Berlin-Buch, Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Berlin, Germany (R.D.)
| | - Dirk Westermann
- Clinic for Cardiology and Angiology, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany (L.B., A. Buellesbach, D.W.)
| | - Tanja Zeller
- Department of Cardiology (A.G., S.B., T.Z.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg (S.B., T.Z.)
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Bacmeister L, Breitbart P, Sobolewska K, Kaier K, Rahimi F, Löffelhardt N, Valina C, Neumann FJ, Westermann D, Ferenc M. Planned versus unplanned rotational atherectomy for plaque modification in severely calcified coronary lesions. Clin Res Cardiol 2023; 112:1252-1262. [PMID: 36928928 PMCID: PMC10449691 DOI: 10.1007/s00392-023-02176-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence on the optimal timing of RA is scarce, although increased periprocedural complications for unplanned procedures have been reported. AIMS To compare planned versus unplanned use of rotational atherectomy (RA) for plaque modification in patients with severely calcified coronary lesions. METHODS Procedural and 1-year follow-up data of planned (n = 562 lesions in 448 vessels of 416 patients) and unplanned (n = 490 lesions in 435 vessels of 403 patients) RA between 2008 and 2020 were analyzed using the propensity score methods. The primary composite endpoint was target lesion failure (TLF), defined as cardiovascular death (CVD), target vessel myocardial infarction (TVMI), or target lesion revascularization (TLR). RESULTS Angiographic success was > 99% in both groups. Fluoroscopy time and contrast volume were significantly lower in planned RA (p < 0.001). Periprocedural complications including slow-flow, coronary dissection, and MI occurred in 4.8% after planned, and in 5.7% after unplanned RA. TLF occurred in 18.5% after planned, and in 14.7% after unplanned RA. Weighted subdistribution hazard ratios for TLFs revealed an unfavorable 1-year outcome for planned RA (sHR 1.62 [1.07-2.45], p = 0.023), which was driven by TLR (sHR 2.01 [1.18-3.46], p = 0.011), but not by CVD, or TVMI. No differences were observed in all-cause mortality. CONCLUSIONS Unplanned RA was associated with favorable outcome when compared to planned RA. Thus, RA can safely be reserved for lesions that prove untreatable by conventional means. Randomized and prospective trials are needed to evaluate a predominant use of rotational atherectomy as a bailout strategy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Bacmeister
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Südring 15, 79189, Bad Krozingen, Germany
| | - Philipp Breitbart
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Südring 15, 79189, Bad Krozingen, Germany.
| | - Karolina Sobolewska
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Südring 15, 79189, Bad Krozingen, Germany
| | - Klaus Kaier
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Faridun Rahimi
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Südring 15, 79189, Bad Krozingen, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Löffelhardt
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Südring 15, 79189, Bad Krozingen, Germany
| | - Christian Valina
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Südring 15, 79189, Bad Krozingen, Germany
| | - Franz-Josef Neumann
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Südring 15, 79189, Bad Krozingen, Germany
| | - Dirk Westermann
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Südring 15, 79189, Bad Krozingen, Germany
| | - Miroslaw Ferenc
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Südring 15, 79189, Bad Krozingen, Germany
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Bräuninger H, Krüger S, Bacmeister L, Nyström A, Eyerich K, Westermann D, Lindner D. Matrix metalloproteinases in coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction. Basic Res Cardiol 2023; 118:18. [PMID: 37160529 PMCID: PMC10169894 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-023-00987-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the leading cause of death worldwide. Most cardiovascular deaths are caused by ischaemic heart diseases such as myocardial infarction (MI). Hereby atherosclerosis in the coronary arteries often precedes disease manifestation. Since tissue remodelling plays an important role in the development and progression of atherosclerosis as well as in outcome after MI, regulation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) as the major ECM-degrading enzymes with diverse other functions is crucial. Here, we provide an overview of the expression profiles of MMPs in coronary artery and left ventricular tissue using publicly available data from whole tissue to single-cell resolution. To approach an association between MMP expression and the development and outcome of CVDs, we further review studies investigating polymorphisms in MMP genes since polymorphisms are known to have an impact on gene expression. This review therefore aims to shed light on the role of MMPs in atherosclerosis and MI by summarizing current knowledge from publically available datasets, human studies, and analyses of polymorphisms up to preclinical and clinical trials of pharmacological MMP inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Bräuninger
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Side Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Saskia Krüger
- Clinic for Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Centre Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lucas Bacmeister
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Nyström
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kilian Eyerich
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dirk Westermann
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Diana Lindner
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Side Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany.
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5
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Berlin M, Londoño JEC, Ottenheijm R, Kraft A, Bacmeister L, Tsvilovskyy V, Meyer S, Hennis K, Gerndt S, Offen K, Leuschner F, Bracher F, Fenske S, Biel M, Hansen A, Grimm C, Wahl-Schott C, Freichel M. An endo-lysosomal Ca2+ store in cardiomyocytes controlled by OCaR proteins determines fatal tachyarrhythmias. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2022.08.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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6
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Stoffers B, Bacmeister L, Braeuninger H, Warnke S, Brehm M, Kim S, Yan I, Becher M, Escher F, Klingel K, Zeller T, Kirchhof P, Blankenberg S, Westermann D, Lindner D. GPR15-mediated T cell recruitment during acute viral myocarditis is associated with improved virus elimination and outcome. Cardiovasc Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvac066.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): DZHK
Ernst und Berta Grimmke Stiftung
Background
Myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the myocardium indicated by mononuclear cell infiltration. It is predominantly caused by infectious agents such as coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3). Especially in young adults, myocarditis is a major source of sudden cardiac arrest. However, its clinical course has a broad spectrum of outcomes, ranging from mild symptoms and complete recovery to cardiac dysfunction and dilated cardiomyopathy. G protein-coupled receptor 15 (GPR15) was identified as a T cell homing receptor in the context of inflammatory intestine and skin diseases. We found Gpr15 to be highly upregulated in the left ventricle (LV) 7 days after CVB3 infection in wild type (WT) mice.
Purpose
GPR15 has not been described in a cardiac context, yet. Our aim was to investigate the role of GPR15 in recruiting immune cell subsets and later in virus elimination during viral myocarditis.
Methods
Gpr15 deficient (Gpr15gfp/gfp) and WT mice were infected intraperitoneal with CVB3 to investigate the acute (6 & 7 days post infection(p.i.)) and the subacute phase (16 days p.i.) of myocarditis. To study differentially expressed genes, LV tissue was used for TaqMan analysis and RNA-sequencing. Inflammation and fibrosis were evaluated on histological level. For functional characterization, healthy and diseased mice were hemodynamically characterized 16 days p.i.. Furthermore, in vitro migration assays were used to study the interaction between GPR15 and its ligands in vitro.
Results
Infected Gpr15gfp/gfp mice exhibited higher upregulation of immune response related genes on mRNA level in the acute phase of myocarditis 7 days p.i.. For instance, Cd8a, a cytotoxic T cell marker, and Foxp3, a regulatory T cell marker, were significantly higher in infected Gpr15gfp/gfp compared to infected WT mice. Bulk RNA-sequencing confirmed that the response to virus did not decline from day 6 to 7 in infected GPR15-deficient mice as observed in infected WT mice. Subsequent gene ontology (GO) term analyses reveled enhanced chemotaxis and cytotoxic T cell-related GO terms in GPR15-deficient mice on day 7.
Among investigated T cell subsets, GPR15 was highest expressed on CD8+ T cell. Its deficiency abolished chemotaxis of T cells, especially of cytotoxic T cells, towards GPR15 ligand in vitro.
In the subacute phase of myocarditis 16 days p.i., viral persistence was observed in more than 85 % of Gpr15gfp/gfp mice. In contrast, more than 70 % of WT mice with verified viremia cleared the virus successfully. Furthermore, Gpr15gfp/gfp mice demonstrated a decreased cardiac function accompanied by increased fibrosis in comparison to WT mice.
Conclusion
Our findings indicate that despite the prolonged inflammatory response, scant virus elimination was presumably caused by decelerated recruitment of cytotoxic T cells leading to impaired outcome in the GPR15-deficient mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Stoffers
- University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, Department of Cardiology , Hamburg , Germany
| | - L Bacmeister
- University Hospital Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany
| | - H Braeuninger
- University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, Department of Cardiology , Hamburg , Germany
| | - S Warnke
- University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, Department of Cardiology , Hamburg , Germany
| | - M Brehm
- University of Siegen , Siegen , Germany
| | - S Kim
- Thomas Jefferson University , Philadelphia , United States of America
| | - I Yan
- University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, Department of Cardiology , Hamburg , Germany
| | - M Becher
- University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, Department of Cardiology , Hamburg , Germany
| | - F Escher
- Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin , Berlin , Germany
| | - K Klingel
- University Hospital of Tuebingen, Cardiopathology, Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology , Tuebingen , Germany
| | - T Zeller
- University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, Department of Cardiology , Hamburg , Germany
| | - P Kirchhof
- University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, Department of Cardiology , Hamburg , Germany
| | - S Blankenberg
- University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, Department of Cardiology , Hamburg , Germany
| | - D Westermann
- University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, Department of Cardiology , Hamburg , Germany
| | - D Lindner
- University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, Department of Cardiology , Hamburg , Germany
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Braeuninger H, Krueger S, Becher PM, Neumann JT, Bacmeister L, Voss S, Warnke S, Lang V, Zeller T, Laemmle S, El-Armouche A, Kirchhof P, Blankenberg S, Westermann D, Lindner D. Murine matrix metalloproteinase 13 and its human homologue are involved in remodelling processes after myocardial infarction. Cardiovasc Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvac066.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK)
Background
Cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial infarction (MI) are a leading cause of death worldwide. Since matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are essential for the cleavage of collagen as well as for the modification of inflammatory proteins and cytokines, they play a substantial role in remodelling processes after MI.
Purpose
Previous results of our group revealed, that Mmp13 expression is upregulated post-MI in mice, while it is downregulated after Ischemia/Reperfusion (I/R), indicating an involvement in remodelling processes. In humans, the functional homologue of Mmp13 is MMP1. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the promotor of MMP1 can lead to alterations in its gene expression level. We analysed the genotype for 3 MMP1 SNPs in a human cohort containing ~2000 patients who presented to the emergency department with suspected MI to identify their associations with development of MI and outcome after MI.
Methods
The Mmp13 expression in different cardiac cell types was investigated at quiescent stage and under ischaemic conditions, to determine the cellular origin of Mmp13 expression. A MMP13-knockout (KO) mouse model was examined after induction of MI or I/R. Thus, gene expression analysis, histological staining and hemodynamic measurements were conducted to analyse differences between KO and WT as well as between MI and I/R. Out of the human cohort, 2 patient groups (non-MI and MI) were restricted, and Hazard ratios were calculated to evaluate risk for MI and risk for death after MI in dependency of the SNPs.
Results
The Mmp13 expression in macrophages (6.6-fold to control; p=0.0286) and fibroblasts (4.9-fold; p=0.0079) increased significantly after activation with ischaemic secretome of cardiomyocytes, while Mmp13 expression of leucocytes was unaltered. After stimulation with ischaemic secretome of fibroblasts, Mmp13 expression in macrophages (4.3-fold; p=0.0286) and leukocytes (2.3-fold; p=0.0260) was significantly elevated as well. Comparing MI and I/R, the immune cell infiltration revealed significant differences 1-day post-intervention. About 50% of WT mice but only few KO mice died (p=0.0107) after MI due to cardiac rupture. Moreover, KO mice showed an improved cardiac function compared to WT mice after MI. Risk for death was significantly altered between the investigated genotypes in 2 of 3 investigated SNPs in the BACC cohort.
Conclusion
Activated macrophages and leucocytes express high levels of Mmp13 in cell culture experiments. The infiltrating immune cell types are different between MI and I/R, which might lead to differences in Mmp13 expression in these models. MMP13 KO mice are protected from cardiac rupture after MI and unveiled improved cardiac function 28 days post-MI. SNPs of the human homologue of Mmp13 – MMP1 – showed an association of MMP1 with remodelling processes after MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Braeuninger
- University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg , Hamburg , Germany
| | - S Krueger
- University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg , Hamburg , Germany
| | - PM Becher
- University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg , Hamburg , Germany
| | - JT Neumann
- University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg , Hamburg , Germany
| | - L Bacmeister
- University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg , Hamburg , Germany
| | - S Voss
- University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg , Hamburg , Germany
| | - S Warnke
- University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg , Hamburg , Germany
| | - V Lang
- University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg , Hamburg , Germany
| | - T Zeller
- University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg , Hamburg , Germany
| | - S Laemmle
- Dresden University Of Technology, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Dresden , Germany
| | - A El-Armouche
- Dresden University Of Technology, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Dresden , Germany
| | - P Kirchhof
- University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg , Hamburg , Germany
| | - S Blankenberg
- University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg , Hamburg , Germany
| | - D Westermann
- University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg , Hamburg , Germany
| | - D Lindner
- University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg , Hamburg , Germany
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8
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Medert R, Bacmeister L, Segin S, Freichel M, Camacho Londoño JE. Cardiac Response to β-Adrenergic Stimulation Determined by Pressure-Volume Loop Analysis. J Vis Exp 2021. [PMID: 34096910 DOI: 10.3791/62057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Determination of the cardiac function is a robust endpoint analysis in animal models of cardiovascular diseases in order to characterize effects of specific treatments on the heart. Due to the feasibility of genetic manipulations the mouse has become the most common mammalian animal model to study cardiac function and to search for new potential therapeutic targets. Here we describe a protocol to determine cardiac function in vivo using pressure-volume loop measurements and analysis during basal conditions and under β-adrenergic stimulation by intravenous infusion of increasing concentrations of isoproterenol. We provide a refined protocol including ventilation support taking into account the positive end-expiratory pressure to ameliorate negative effects during open-chest measurements, and potent analgesia (Buprenorphine) to avoid uncontrollable myocardial stress evoked by pain during the procedure. All together the detailed description of the procedure and discussion about possible pitfalls enables highly standardized and reproducible pressure-volume loop analysis, reducing the exclusion of animals from the experimental cohort by preventing possible methodological bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebekka Medert
- Pharmakologisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim
| | - Lucas Bacmeister
- Pharmakologisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim; Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Heidelberg
| | - Sebastian Segin
- Pharmakologisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim; Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen
| | - Marc Freichel
- Pharmakologisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim
| | - Juan E Camacho Londoño
- Pharmakologisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim;
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9
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Medert R, Pironet A, Bacmeister L, Segin S, Londoño JEC, Vennekens R, Freichel M. Genetic background influences expression and function of the cation channel TRPM4 in the mouse heart. Basic Res Cardiol 2020; 115:70. [PMID: 33205255 PMCID: PMC7671982 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-020-00831-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential melastatin 4 (TRPM4) cation channels act in cardiomyocytes as a negative modulator of the L-type Ca2+ current. Ubiquitous Trpm4 deletion in mice leads to an increased β-adrenergic inotropy in healthy mice as well as after myocardial infarction. In this study, we set out to investigate cardiac inotropy in mice with cardiomyocyte-specific Trpm4 deletion. The results guided us to investigate the relevance of TRPM4 for catecholamine-evoked Ca2+ signaling in cardiomyocytes and inotropy in vivo in TRPM4-deficient mouse models of different genetic background. Cardiac hemodynamics were investigated using pressure-volume analysis. Surprisingly, an increased β-adrenergic inotropy was observed in global TRPM4-deficient mice on a 129SvJ genetic background, but the inotropic response was unaltered in mice with global and cardiomyocyte-specific TRPM4 deletion on the C57Bl/6N background. We found that the expression of TRPM4 proteins is about 78 ± 10% higher in wild-type mice on the 129SvJ versus C57Bl/6N background. In accordance with contractility measurements, our analysis of the intracellular Ca2+ transients revealed an increase in ISO-evoked Ca2+ rise in Trpm4-deficient cardiomyocytes of the 129SvJ strain, but not of the C57Bl/6N strain. No significant differences were observed between the two mouse strains in the expression of other regulators of cardiomyocyte Ca2+ homeostasis. We conclude that the relevance of TRPM4 for cardiac contractility depends on homeostatic TRPM4 expression levels or the genetic endowment in different mouse strains as well as on the health/disease status. Therefore, the concept of inhibiting TRPM4 channels to improve cardiac contractility needs to be carefully explored in specific strains and species and prospectively in different genetically diverse populations of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebekka Medert
- Institute of Pharmacology, Heidelberg University, im Neuenheimer Feld 366, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site, Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Andy Pironet
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, TRP Research Platform Leuven, VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lucas Bacmeister
- Institute of Pharmacology, Heidelberg University, im Neuenheimer Feld 366, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site, Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sebastian Segin
- Institute of Pharmacology, Heidelberg University, im Neuenheimer Feld 366, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site, Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Juan E Camacho Londoño
- Institute of Pharmacology, Heidelberg University, im Neuenheimer Feld 366, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site, Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Rudi Vennekens
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, TRP Research Platform Leuven, VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marc Freichel
- Institute of Pharmacology, Heidelberg University, im Neuenheimer Feld 366, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site, Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany.
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10
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Bacmeister L, Segin S, Medert R, Lindner D, Freichel M, Camacho Londoño JE. Assessment of PEEP-Ventilation and the Time Point of Parallel-Conductance Determination for Pressure-Volume Analysis Under β-Adrenergic Stimulation in Mice. Front Cardiovasc Med 2019; 6:36. [PMID: 31111037 PMCID: PMC6499229 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2019.00036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: Cardiac pressure-volume (PV loop) analysis under β-adrenergic stimulation is a powerful method to simultaneously determine intrinsic cardiac function and β-adrenergic reserve in mouse models. Despite its wide use, several key approaches of this method, which can affect murine cardiac function tremendously, have not been experimentally investigated until now. In this study, we investigate the impact of three lines of action during the complex procedure of PV loop analysis: (i) the ventilation with positive end-expiratory pressure, (ii) the time point of injecting hypertonic saline to estimate parallel-conductance, and (iii) the implications of end-systolic pressure-spikes that may arise under β-adrenergic stimulation. Methods and Results: We performed pressure-volume analysis during β-adrenergic stimulation in an open-chest protocol under Isoflurane/Buprenorphine anesthesia. Our analysis showed that (i) ventilation with 2 cmH2O positive end-expiratory pressure prevented exacerbation of peak inspiratory pressures subsequently protecting mice from macroscopic pulmonary bleedings. (ii) Estimations of parallel-conductance by injecting hypertonic saline prior to pressure-volume recordings induced dilated chamber dimensions as depicted by elevation of end-systolic volume (+113%), end-diastolic volume (+40%), and end-diastolic pressure (+46%). Further, using this experimental approach, the preload-independent contractility (PRSW) was significantly impaired under basal conditions (−17%) and under catecholaminergic stimulation (−14% at 8.25 ng/min Isoprenaline), the β-adrenergic reserve was alleviated, and the incidence of ectopic beats was increased >5-fold. (iii) End-systolic pressure-spikes were observed in 26% of pressure-volume recordings under stimulation with 2.475 and 8.25 ng/min Isoprenaline, which affected the analysis of maximum pressure (+11.5%), end-diastolic volume (−8%), stroke volume (−10%), and cardiac output (−11%). Conclusions: Our results (i) demonstrate the advantages of positive end-expiratory pressure ventilation in open-chest instrumented mice, (ii) underline the perils of injecting hypertonic saline prior to pressure-volume recordings to calibrate for parallel-conductance and (iii) emphasize the necessity to be aware of the consequences of end-systolic pressure-spikes during β-adrenergic stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Bacmeister
- Pharmakologisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Segin
- Pharmakologisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rebekka Medert
- Pharmakologisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Diana Lindner
- Allgemeine und Interventionelle Kardiologie, Universitäres Herzzentrum Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.,Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marc Freichel
- Pharmakologisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Juan E Camacho Londoño
- Pharmakologisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Heidelberg, Germany
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11
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Lindner D, Becher PM, Stoffers B, Hinrichs S, Schwarzl M, Bacmeister L, Klingel K, Blankenberg S, Westermann D. P521Regulation of MMP activity influences cardiac fibrosis and cardiac inflammation during viral myocarditis. Cardiovasc Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvy060.378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- D Lindner
- University Heart Center Hamburg, Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - P M Becher
- University Heart Center Hamburg, Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - B Stoffers
- University Heart Center Hamburg, Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - S Hinrichs
- University Heart Center Hamburg, Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - M Schwarzl
- University Heart Center Hamburg, Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - L Bacmeister
- University Heart Center Hamburg, Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - K Klingel
- Eberhard-Karls-University Tübingen, Institute for Pathology, Department of Molecular Pathology, Tübingen, Germany
| | - S Blankenberg
- University Heart Center Hamburg, Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - D Westermann
- University Heart Center Hamburg, Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, Hamburg, Germany
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