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Medici F, Ferioli M, Cammelli S, Forlani L, Laghi V, Ma J, Cilla S, Buwenge M, Macchia G, Deodato F, Vadalà M, Malizia C, Tagliaferri L, Perrone AM, De Iaco P, Strigari L, Bazzocchi A, Rizzo S, Arcelli A, Morganti AG. Sarcopenic Obesity in Cervical Carcinoma: A Strong and Independent Prognostic Factor beyond the Conventional Predictors (ESTHER Study-AFRAID Project). Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:929. [PMID: 38473291 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16050929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Locally advanced cervical cancer represents a significant treatment challenge. Body composition parameters such as body mass index, sarcopenia, and sarcopenic obesity, defined by sarcopenia and BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2, have been identified as potential prognostic factors, yet their overall impact remains underexplored. This study assessed the relationship between these anthropometric parameters alongside clinical prognostic factors on the prognosis of 173 cervical cancer patients. Survival outcomes in terms of local control (LC), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS) were analyzed using Kaplan regression methods-Meier and Cox. Older age, lower hemoglobin levels, higher FIGO (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics) stages, and lower total radiation doses were significantly associated with worse outcomes. Univariate analysis showed a significant correlation between BMI and the outcomes examined, revealing that normal-weight patients show higher survival rates, which was not confirmed by the multivariate analysis. Sarcopenia was not correlated with any of the outcomes considered, while sarcopenic obesity was identified as an independent negative predictor of DFS (HR: 5.289, 95% CI: 1.298-21.546, p = 0.020) and OS (HR: 2.645, 95% CI: 1.275-5.488, p = 0.009). This study highlights the potential of sarcopenic obesity as an independent predictor of clinical outcomes. These results support their inclusion in prognostic assessments and treatment planning for patients with advanced cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Medici
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- Radiation Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Martina Ferioli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvia Cammelli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- Radiation Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Ludovica Forlani
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- Radiation Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Viola Laghi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- Radiation Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Johnny Ma
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- Radiation Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Savino Cilla
- Medical Physics Unit, Gemelli Molise Hospital-Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Milly Buwenge
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Gabriella Macchia
- Radiotherapy Unit, Gemelli Molise Hospital, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Francesco Deodato
- Radiotherapy Unit, Gemelli Molise Hospital, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Maria Vadalà
- Nuclear Medicine, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudio Malizia
- Nuclear Medicine, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Luca Tagliaferri
- UOC di Radioterapia Oncologica, Dipartimento Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Roma, Italy
| | - Anna Myriam Perrone
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Pierandrea De Iaco
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Lidia Strigari
- Medical Physics, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Alberto Bazzocchi
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefania Rizzo
- Service of Radiology, Imaging Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), CH-6500 Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Alessandra Arcelli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- Radiation Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessio Giuseppe Morganti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- Radiation Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
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Ferioli M, Medici F, Forlani L, Cilla S, Fionda B, Cammelli S, Strigari L, Tagliaferri L, Morganti AG, Buwenge M. Augmented reality in brachytherapy: A narrative review. J Contemp Brachytherapy 2024; 16:57-66. [PMID: 38584890 PMCID: PMC10993895 DOI: 10.5114/jcb.2024.137779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Brachytherapy (BRT) plays a pivotal role in the treatment of tumors, offering precise radiation therapy directly to the affected area. However, this technique demands extensive training and skills development, posing challenges for widespread adoption and ensuring patient safety. This narrative review explored the utilization of augmented reality (AR) in BRT, seeking to summarize existing evidence, discuss key findings, limitations, and quality of research as well as outline future research directions. The review revealed promising findings regarding the integration of AR in BRT. Studies have suggested the feasibility and potential benefits of AR in education, training, intra-operative guidance, and treatment planning. However, the evidence remains limited and heterogeneous, with most studies in preliminary phases. Standardization, prospective clinical trials, patient-centered outcomes assessment, and cost-effectiveness analysis emerge as critical areas for future research. Augmented reality holds transformative potential for BRT by enhancing precision, safety, and training efficiency. To fully implement these benefits, the field requires standardized protocols, rigorous clinical trials, and in-depth patient-centered investigations. Policy-makers and healthcare providers should closely monitor developments in AR and consider its implementation in clinical practice, contingent and robust evidence, and cost-effectiveness analysis. The pro-active pursuit of evidence-based practices will contribute to optimizing patient care in BRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Ferioli
- Radiation Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Radiation Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum – Bologna University, Bologna, Italy
| | - Federica Medici
- Radiation Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum – Bologna University, Bologna, Italy
| | - Ludovica Forlani
- Radiation Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum – Bologna University, Bologna, Italy
| | - Savino Cilla
- Medical Physics Unit, Gemelli Molise Hospital, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Bruno Fionda
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli” IRCCS; Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Cammelli
- Radiation Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Radiation Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum – Bologna University, Bologna, Italy
| | - Lidia Strigari
- Radiation Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luca Tagliaferri
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli” IRCCS; Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessio G. Morganti
- Radiation Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Radiation Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum – Bologna University, Bologna, Italy
| | - Milly Buwenge
- Radiation Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum – Bologna University, Bologna, Italy
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3
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Medici F, Ferioli M, Forlani L, Laghi V, Ma J, Cilla S, Buwenge M, Macchia G, Deodato F, Vadalà M, Malizia C, Tagliaferri L, Perrone AM, De Iaco P, Strigari L, Arcelli A, Morganti AG. Decoding the Complexity of Systemic Inflammation Predictors in Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer, with Hemoglobin as the Hidden Key (the ESTHER Study). Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5056. [PMID: 37894423 PMCID: PMC10605166 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15205056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) is treated with concurrent chemoradiation (CRT). Predictive models could improve the outcome through treatment personalization. Several factors influence prognosis in LACC, but the role of systemic inflammation indices (IIs) is unclear. This study aims to assess the correlation between IIs and prognosis in a large patient cohort considering several clinical data. We retrospectively analyzed pretreatment IIs (NLR, PLR, MLR, SII, LLR, COP-NLR, APRI, ALRI, SIRI, and ANRI) in 173 LACC patients. Patient, tumor, and treatment characteristics were also considered. Univariate and multivariate Cox's regressions were conducted to assess associations between IIs and clinical factors with local control (LC), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS). Univariate analysis showed significant correlations between age, HB levels, tumor stage, FIGO stage, and CRT dose with survival outcomes. Specific pretreatment IIs (NLR, PLR, APRI, ANRI, and COP-NLR) demonstrated associations only with LC. The multivariate analysis confirmed Hb levels, CRT dose, and age as significant predictors of OS, while no II was correlated with any clinical outcome. The study findings contradict some prior research on IIs in LACC, emphasizing the need for comprehensive assessments of potential confounding variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Medici
- Radiation Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences-DIMEC, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.F.); (L.F.); (V.L.); (J.M.); (M.B.); (A.M.P.); (P.D.I.); (A.A.); (A.G.M.)
- Radiation Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Martina Ferioli
- Radiation Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences-DIMEC, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.F.); (L.F.); (V.L.); (J.M.); (M.B.); (A.M.P.); (P.D.I.); (A.A.); (A.G.M.)
| | - Ludovica Forlani
- Radiation Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences-DIMEC, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.F.); (L.F.); (V.L.); (J.M.); (M.B.); (A.M.P.); (P.D.I.); (A.A.); (A.G.M.)
- Radiation Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Viola Laghi
- Radiation Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences-DIMEC, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.F.); (L.F.); (V.L.); (J.M.); (M.B.); (A.M.P.); (P.D.I.); (A.A.); (A.G.M.)
- Radiation Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Johnny Ma
- Radiation Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences-DIMEC, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.F.); (L.F.); (V.L.); (J.M.); (M.B.); (A.M.P.); (P.D.I.); (A.A.); (A.G.M.)
- Radiation Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Savino Cilla
- Medical Physics Unit, Gemelli Molise Hospital-Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 86100 Campobasso, Italy;
| | - Milly Buwenge
- Radiation Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences-DIMEC, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.F.); (L.F.); (V.L.); (J.M.); (M.B.); (A.M.P.); (P.D.I.); (A.A.); (A.G.M.)
| | - Gabriella Macchia
- Radiotherapy Unit, Gemelli Molise Hospital, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 86100 Campobasso, Italy; (G.M.); (F.D.)
| | - Francesco Deodato
- Radiotherapy Unit, Gemelli Molise Hospital, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 86100 Campobasso, Italy; (G.M.); (F.D.)
| | - Maria Vadalà
- Nuclear Medicine, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.V.); (C.M.)
| | - Claudio Malizia
- Nuclear Medicine, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.V.); (C.M.)
| | - Luca Tagliaferri
- UOC di Radioterapia Oncologica, Dipartimento Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Roma, Italy;
| | - Anna Myriam Perrone
- Radiation Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences-DIMEC, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.F.); (L.F.); (V.L.); (J.M.); (M.B.); (A.M.P.); (P.D.I.); (A.A.); (A.G.M.)
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Pierandrea De Iaco
- Radiation Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences-DIMEC, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.F.); (L.F.); (V.L.); (J.M.); (M.B.); (A.M.P.); (P.D.I.); (A.A.); (A.G.M.)
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Lidia Strigari
- Medical Physics, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Alessandra Arcelli
- Radiation Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences-DIMEC, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.F.); (L.F.); (V.L.); (J.M.); (M.B.); (A.M.P.); (P.D.I.); (A.A.); (A.G.M.)
- Radiation Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessio Giuseppe Morganti
- Radiation Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences-DIMEC, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.F.); (L.F.); (V.L.); (J.M.); (M.B.); (A.M.P.); (P.D.I.); (A.A.); (A.G.M.)
- Radiation Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
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Ferioli M, Benini A, Malizia C, Forlani L, Medici F, Laghi V, Ma J, Galuppi A, Cilla S, Buwenge M, Macchia G, Zamagni C, Tagliaferri L, Perrone AM, De Iaco P, Strigari L, Morganti AG, Arcelli A. Classical Prognostic Factors Predict Prognosis Better than Inflammatory Indices in Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer: Results of a Comprehensive Observational Study including Tumor-, Patient-, and Treatment-Related Data (ESTHER Study). J Pers Med 2023; 13:1229. [PMID: 37623479 PMCID: PMC10456032 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13081229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic inflammation indices were found to be correlated with therapeutic outcome in several cancers. This study retrospectively analyzes the predictive role of a broad range of systemic inflammatory markers in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) including patient-, tumor-, and treatment-related potential prognostic factors. All patients underwent definitive chemoradiation and pretreatment values of several inflammatory indices (neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet/lymphocyte ratio, monocyte/lymphocyte ratio, systemic immune inflammation index (SII), leukocyte/lymphocyte ratio, combination of platelet count and NLR, aspartate aminotransferase/platelet ratio index, aspartate aminotransferase/lymphocyte ratio index, systemic inflammatory response index, and aspartate transaminase/neutrophil ratio index) were calculated. Their correlation with local control (LC), distant metastasis-free (DMFS), disease-free (DFS), and overall survival (OS) was analyzed. One hundred and seventy-three patients were included. At multivariable analysis significant correlations were recorded among clinical outcomes and older age, advanced FIGO stage, lower hemoglobin levels, larger tumor size, and higher body mass index values. The multivariate analysis showed only the significant correlation between higher SII values and lower DMFS rates (p < 0.01). Our analysis showed no significant correlation between indices and DSF or OS. Further studies are needed to clarify the role of inflammation indices as candidates for inclusion in predictive models in this clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Ferioli
- Radiation Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences-DIMEC, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.B.); (L.F.); (F.M.); (V.L.); (J.M.); (M.B.); (A.M.P.); (P.D.I.); (A.G.M.); (A.A.)
| | - Anna Benini
- Radiation Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences-DIMEC, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.B.); (L.F.); (F.M.); (V.L.); (J.M.); (M.B.); (A.M.P.); (P.D.I.); (A.G.M.); (A.A.)
- Radiation Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Claudio Malizia
- Nuclear Medicine, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Ludovica Forlani
- Radiation Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences-DIMEC, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.B.); (L.F.); (F.M.); (V.L.); (J.M.); (M.B.); (A.M.P.); (P.D.I.); (A.G.M.); (A.A.)
- Radiation Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Federica Medici
- Radiation Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences-DIMEC, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.B.); (L.F.); (F.M.); (V.L.); (J.M.); (M.B.); (A.M.P.); (P.D.I.); (A.G.M.); (A.A.)
- Radiation Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Viola Laghi
- Radiation Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences-DIMEC, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.B.); (L.F.); (F.M.); (V.L.); (J.M.); (M.B.); (A.M.P.); (P.D.I.); (A.G.M.); (A.A.)
- Radiation Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Johnny Ma
- Radiation Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences-DIMEC, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.B.); (L.F.); (F.M.); (V.L.); (J.M.); (M.B.); (A.M.P.); (P.D.I.); (A.G.M.); (A.A.)
- Radiation Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Andrea Galuppi
- Radiation Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Savino Cilla
- Medical Physics Unit, Gemelli Molise Hospital-Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 86100 Campobasso, Italy;
| | - Milly Buwenge
- Radiation Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences-DIMEC, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.B.); (L.F.); (F.M.); (V.L.); (J.M.); (M.B.); (A.M.P.); (P.D.I.); (A.G.M.); (A.A.)
| | - Gabriella Macchia
- Radiotherapy Unit, Gemelli Molise Hospital, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 86100 Campobasso, Italy;
| | - Claudio Zamagni
- Addarii Medical Oncology Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Luca Tagliaferri
- Gemelli ART (Advanced Radiation Therapy)—Interventional Oncology Center (IOC), Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Roma, Italy;
| | - Anna Myriam Perrone
- Radiation Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences-DIMEC, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.B.); (L.F.); (F.M.); (V.L.); (J.M.); (M.B.); (A.M.P.); (P.D.I.); (A.G.M.); (A.A.)
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Pierandrea De Iaco
- Radiation Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences-DIMEC, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.B.); (L.F.); (F.M.); (V.L.); (J.M.); (M.B.); (A.M.P.); (P.D.I.); (A.G.M.); (A.A.)
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Lidia Strigari
- Medical Physics, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Alessio Giuseppe Morganti
- Radiation Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences-DIMEC, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.B.); (L.F.); (F.M.); (V.L.); (J.M.); (M.B.); (A.M.P.); (P.D.I.); (A.G.M.); (A.A.)
- Radiation Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Alessandra Arcelli
- Radiation Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences-DIMEC, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.B.); (L.F.); (F.M.); (V.L.); (J.M.); (M.B.); (A.M.P.); (P.D.I.); (A.G.M.); (A.A.)
- Radiation Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
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Ferioli M, Medici F, Galietta E, Forlani L, Tagliaferri L, Cilla S, Cammelli S, Morganti AG, Buwenge M. The role of training simulators in interventional radiation therapy (brachytherapy) training: A narrative review. J Contemp Brachytherapy 2023; 15:290-295. [PMID: 37799124 PMCID: PMC10548427 DOI: 10.5114/jcb.2023.131240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simulators have revolutionized medical education and training across various disciplines, offering unique advantages in skill acquisition and performance improvement. In the context of interventional radiation therapy (IRT), simulators have emerged as valuable tools for training healthcare professionals in these complex procedures. This narrative review summarized the available evidence on the use of simulators in IRT training, highlighting their impact on proficiency, engagement, and self-confidence as well as their benefits for medical physicists and radiation therapists. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, resulting in inclusion of 10 papers published since 2009, with 5 of them published since 2020. Publications originated from centers in USA, Ireland, Switzerland, Canada, and Japan, covering a range of IRT settings, including general, prostate, and cervical IRT. The review demonstrated that simulators provide a controlled and realistic environment for skill acquisition, allowing healthcare professionals to practice procedures, optimize image quality, and enhance technical proficiency. The use of simulators addressed the barriers associated with limited caseload and procedural complexity, ultimately contributing to improved education and IRT training. While cost considerations may exist, simulators offer long-term cost-effective solutions, balancing the potential benefits in improving educational outcomes and patient care. Overall, simulators play a crucial role in IRT training, enhancing the skills and competence of healthcare providers and improving access to quality IRT care worldwide. Future research should focus on evaluating the long-term impact of simulation-based training on clinical outcomes and patient satisfaction, exploring different simulation models and training approaches, and addressing region-specific barriers to optimize the utilization of IRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Ferioli
- Radiation Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum – Bologna University, Bologna, Italy
| | - Federica Medici
- Radiation Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum – Bologna University, Bologna, Italy
- Radiation Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Erika Galietta
- Radiation Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum – Bologna University, Bologna, Italy
- Radiation Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Ludovica Forlani
- Radiation Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum – Bologna University, Bologna, Italy
- Radiation Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luca Tagliaferri
- Gemelli ART (Advanced Radiation Therapy) – Interventional Oncology Center (IOC), Fondazione Policlinico Universitario «Agostino Gemelli» IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Savino Cilla
- Medical Physics Unit, Gemelli Molise Hospital, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Silvia Cammelli
- Radiation Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum – Bologna University, Bologna, Italy
- Radiation Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessio G. Morganti
- Radiation Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum – Bologna University, Bologna, Italy
- Radiation Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Milly Buwenge
- Radiation Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum – Bologna University, Bologna, Italy
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Boga C, Micheletti G, Cino S, Fazzini S, Forlani L, Zanna N, Spinelli D. C-C coupling between trinitrothiophenes and triaminobenzenes: zwitterionic intermediates and new all-conjugated structures. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 14:4267-75. [PMID: 27075703 DOI: 10.1039/c6ob00243a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The reactions of 1,3,5-triaminobenzene derivatives with 2,3,4-trinitrothiophene and 2-bromo-3,4,5-trinitrothiophene gave new all-conjugated compounds bearing both an electron-withdrawing and an electron-donor moiety on the same unit. The reactions with 2,3,4-trinitrothiophene offered evidence, by NMR spectroscopy at low temperature, of the formation of new labile Wheland-Meisenheimer intermediates whereas at room temperature stable unexpected products derived from the attack of the nucleophile at C-4 with replacement of the nitro group were isolated. Their formation caused, in turn, the obtainment of a salt between 1-nitroso-2,4,6-triaminobenzenes and 2,4-dinitrothiophen-3-ol. The reactions with 2-bromo-3,4,5-trinitrothiophene produced in good yields the SNAr substitution product with the displacement of the bromide. All the new coupling products obtained are of applicative interest, considering the increasing concern for highly conjugated π-systems in solar energy conversion or optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Boga
- Department of Industrial Chemistry 'Toso Montanari' ALMA MATER STUDIORUM - Università di Bologna Viale del Risorgimento, 4 40136 Bologna, Italy.
| | - G Micheletti
- Department of Industrial Chemistry 'Toso Montanari' ALMA MATER STUDIORUM - Università di Bologna Viale del Risorgimento, 4 40136 Bologna, Italy.
| | - S Cino
- Department of Industrial Chemistry 'Toso Montanari' ALMA MATER STUDIORUM - Università di Bologna Viale del Risorgimento, 4 40136 Bologna, Italy.
| | - S Fazzini
- Department of Industrial Chemistry 'Toso Montanari' ALMA MATER STUDIORUM - Università di Bologna Viale del Risorgimento, 4 40136 Bologna, Italy.
| | - L Forlani
- Department of Industrial Chemistry 'Toso Montanari' ALMA MATER STUDIORUM - Università di Bologna Viale del Risorgimento, 4 40136 Bologna, Italy.
| | - N Zanna
- Department of Industrial Chemistry 'Toso Montanari' ALMA MATER STUDIORUM - Università di Bologna Viale del Risorgimento, 4 40136 Bologna, Italy.
| | - D Spinelli
- Department of Chemistry 'G. Ciamician' ALMA MATER STUDIORUM - Università di Bologna Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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Terzi E, Piscaglia F, Forlani L, Mosconi C, Renzulli M, Bolondi L, Golfieri R. TACE performed in patients with a single nodule of hepatocellular carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:601. [PMID: 25139639 PMCID: PMC4155116 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2013] [Accepted: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with single hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) usually undergo transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) if they are not candidates for curative surgical or ablative therapy. The primary aim of the study was to assess the overall survival and clinical determinants of survival in patients with single HCC who underwent TACE. The secondary aims were tumor response, local and distant recurrence rates, time to recurrence and the impact of TACE on liver function. Methods The outcomes of 148 consecutive patients with single HCC who underwent TACE from January 2004 to December 2009 were retrospectively analyzed. Results Complete response (CR) was observed in 95/148 (64%) patients and a partial response (PR) in 39 (26%) patients. The recurrence rate was 27%, 42% and 65% at 6, 12 and 24 months, respectively. The day after TACE, 56 (38%) patients had a Child-Pugh increase ≥1 and 93 (63%) had a MELD increase ≥1. Median survival was 36.0 months with 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates of 85%, 50% and 26%, respectively. Bland portal thrombosis was not seen to have any impact at univariate survival analysis; however, a slight impairment of PS (PS-1) in small tumors had some, although minor, impact on prognosis. Factors associated with shorter survival at multivariate analysis were tumor >5 cm, absence of CR, ascites, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) ≥14.5 ng/mL and a MELD increase ≥1. Conclusions Transarterial chemoembolization is a valid treatment option in patients with single HCC not suitable for curative treatment. Bland PVT has no major impact on survival and a slight impairment of PS attributable to cirrhosis in patients within the Milan criteria should not preclude the use of TACE.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fabio Piscaglia
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Digestive Disease and Internal Medicine, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Via Albertoni 15, 40138 Bologna, Italy.
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Golfieri R, Renzulli M, Mosconi C, Forlani L, Giampalma E, Piscaglia F, Trevisani F, Bolondi L. Hepatocellular carcinoma responding to superselective transarterial chemoembolization: an issue of nodule dimension? J Vasc Interv Radiol 2013; 24:509-17. [PMID: 23428355 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2012.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2012] [Revised: 11/19/2012] [Accepted: 12/08/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the per-nodule efficacy of superselective transarterial chemoembolization of hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs). MATERIALS AND METHODS From 2006-2009, 271 cirrhotic patients with 635 nodules underwent a first superselective transarterial chemoembolization, repeated "on demand" after local recurrences (LR) or partial responses (PR). Complete response (CR), time to nodule progression (TTnP), and local recurrence rate (LRR), according to three size classes (≤ 2 cm, 2.1-5 cm, and>5 cm) were evaluated. RESULTS After the first superselective transarterial chemoembolization, the CR was 64%, sustained over time in 77%, higher in small (68%) and intermediate-size (64%) nodules than in large nodules (25%; P<.001). The LRR was 23%:20% in small, 27% in intermediate, and 67% in large HCCs (P<.05). The median TTnP of large HCCs was 4 months versus 7-9 months for small and intermediate HCCs. The second superselective transarterial chemoembolization achieved a higher CR (63% in LR, 52% in PR) than the third superselective transarterial chemoembolization (32%). Median TTnP after the second superselective transarterial chemoembolization for LR and PR (8 months and 6 months) was longer than after the third superselective transarterial chemoembolization (3.5 months). Nodules ≤ 5 cm had a CR after the first superselective transarterial chemoembolization (66%) and the second superselective transarterial chemoembolization for LR (64%) or PR (55%) higher than after the third superselective transarterial chemoembolization (40%); nodules>5 cm had a CR of 25% after the first superselective transarterial chemoembolization, LR of 50% and PR of 25%, and after the second and third superselective transarterial chemoembolizations, PR of 0%. CONCLUSIONS Effectiveness of superselective transarterial chemoembolization has a clear cutoff above and below 5-cm nodules, with better results in smaller nodules. In HCCs ≤ 5 cm, the efficacy of the first and second superselective transarterial chemoembolizations performed for LR was higher than the second superselective transarterial chemoembolization for PR and the third superselective transarterial chemoembolization. For HCCs>5 cm, retreatment of PR is of little value, and the third cycle is ineffective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Golfieri
- Radiology Unit, Alma Mater Studiorum-Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Via Albertoni 15, 40138 Bologna, Italy
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10
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Forlani L, Marini MA. Cooperative hydrogen ligand binding inducing the Bohr effect in human hemoglobin. A general methodology. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 1993; 39:21-34. [PMID: 8385518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
A cooperative model applied to hydrogen ligand binding curves of normal human hemoglobin indicates that the Bohr effect is a cooperative (n) change rather than a pK shift. The analysis suggests a molecular mechanism whose energetic justification acquires a specific physiological significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Forlani
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Facolta' di Medicina, Universita' La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
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Forlani L, Benfenati G, Mongiorgi R, Nascetti P, Bertocchi G. Determination of the mineral elements in the pollen of some Gymnospermae. Boll Soc Ital Biol Sper 1990; 66:1145-51. [PMID: 2100525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In this work the principal elements (K, Ca, Fe, Mg, Cu, Zn, Mn, Na) constituting the mineral component of the pollen in some Gymnospermae, have been determined. This type of investigation has few matches in literature despite the importance some mineral elements have in germinating the pollen granule. The pollen samples, appropriately treated, were analysed in atomic absorption spectrophotometry and biometrically characterized under the optical microscope. Examination of the analytical data allows verification of the great influence deriving from soil characteristics and, within the families, a specific role of the type. The morphobiometric parameters show that a link exists between small and medium granules and with thin walls and minimum concentration values of Na, Fe, Cu, Zn and Mn.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Forlani
- Dept. of Experimental Evoluzionistic Biology, University of Bologna
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Lundberg P, Vogel H, Drakenberg T, Forsén S, Amiconi G, Forlani L, Chiancone E. A 35Cl(-)-NMR study of the singular anion-binding properties of dromedary hemoglobin. Biochim Biophys Acta 1989; 999:12-8. [PMID: 2804135 DOI: 10.1016/0167-4838(89)90022-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
35Cl(-)-NMR measurements of chloride binding to carbonmonoxy- and deoxy-dromedary hemoglobin reveal the existence of two classes of chloride-binding sites, one of high and the other of low affinity. Although this situation resembles that described for human hemoglobin, it was found that the number of binding sites as well as the association equilibrium constant for chloride binding are significantly higher in the dromedary protein. This difference may be due to the greater number of basic residues exposed to solvent and to the higher flexibility of dromedary hemoglobin. The two oxygen-linked polyanion-binding sites characteristic of this hemoglobin show competition for some of the high-affinity chloride-binding sites in keeping with their location in the cleft enclosed by the beta chains and between the alpha chains termini. It is suggested that the observed anion-binding properties of dromedary hemoglobin may contribute to the control of the physiological osmotic shock after rehydration.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Lundberg
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Canada
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13
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Forlani L, Ioppolo C, Civalleri L, Currell DL, Marini MA. Calorimetric studies of oxyhemoglobin ligand dissociation. III. Evidence for a hemoglobin-catalase-superoxide dismutase integrated system in the oxygen depletion by dithionite. J Inorg Biochem 1986; 26:289-94. [PMID: 3711889 DOI: 10.1016/0162-0134(86)80053-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Calorimetric studies of the effect of superoxide dismutase and/or catalase on the reduction of dioxygen into water by dithionite in oxyhemoglobin have been carried out and the results compared with those in red cell hemolysates. In the absence of the enzymes the stoichiometry (moles dithionite/mole dioxygen) is less than the value of 2:1 which was found previously in red cell hemolysates [Forlani et al., J. Inorg. Biochem. 20, 147-155 (1984)]. In the presence of either superoxide dismutase or catalase alone the stoichiometry increases but is still less than 2:1. In the presence of both enzymes the stoichiometry and the shape of the thermogram is that previously observed for hemolysates, suggesting the presence of a hemoglobin-catalase-superoxide dismutase integrated system. The absence of a calorimetric signal for hydrogen peroxide in the reduction of oxyhemoglobin in the presence of superoxide dismutase suggests a wider biological role of superoxide dismutase than previously thought.
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Accorsi CA, Bandini Mazzanti M, Forlani L, Rivasi F, Trevisan G. [Pollen and cytological analysis of nasal secretions of individuals with pollinosis]. Pathologica 1985; 77:351-72. [PMID: 3834370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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Forlani L, Ioppolo C, Antonini E, Marini MA. Calorimetric studies of oxyhemoglobin dissociation. II. Erythrocytic oxygen depletion by sodium dithionite. J Inorg Biochem 1985; 23:109-17. [PMID: 3973582 DOI: 10.1016/0162-0134(85)83014-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Dithionite causes the depletion of dioxygen from suspensions of erythrocytes by reduction of the external dioxygen and not by diffusion into the cell. The molar enthalpy for the reduction shows a small difference with respect to the values found for free hemoglobin; and the normal stoichiometry of 2 moles dithionite/mole dioxygen found there is not observed with erythrocytes. At low hematocrit, the stoichiometry is 2.6:1 and decreases to 1.5:1 at high hematocrit. The change is not due to differences in the hemoglobin saturation or to an inability of dithionite to reduce all dioxygen present at the higher hematocrit. Neither catalase nor peroxidase added to the extracellular volume significantly alters the stoichiometry or the enthalpy of dioxygen reduction by dithionite. Addition of superoxide dismutase, however, restores the normal stoichiometry at high hematocrit and further increases the stoichiometry at low hematocrit. The calorimetrical signal of hydrogen peroxide, clearly seen with free dioxygen, is not present with erythrocytes. In all these cases the total heat evolved is the same.
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Forlani L, Ioppolo C, Antonini E, Martin C, Marini M. Calorimetric studies of oxyhemoglobin dissociation. I. Reaction of sodium dithionite with oxygen. J Inorg Biochem 1984. [DOI: 10.1016/0162-0134(84)80014-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Marchetti DB, Accorsi CA, Arobba D, Mazzanti MB, Bertolani M, Biondi E, Braggio G, Ciuffi C, De Cunzo T, Ragione SD, Forlani L, Guido AM, Lolli F, Montanari C, Paoli P, Raimondo FM, Rossitto M, Grandi GT. Recherches géobotaniques sur les Monts Madonie (Sicile du Nord). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1984. [DOI: 10.1080/00837792.1984.10670310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Marini MA, Martin CJ, Berger RL, Forlani L. Analysis of the ionization constants and heats of ionization of reduced and oxidized horse heart cytochrome c. Biopolymers 1981; 20:2253-61. [PMID: 6269670 DOI: 10.1002/bip.1981.360201017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Accorsi CA, Aisoni ML, Bandini Mazzanti M, Forlani L, Rivasi F. [Pollen granules and other plant findings in cervico-vaginal smears]. Quad Sclavo Diagn 1981; 17:342-55. [PMID: 7343987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
42 cervico-vaginal out of 20,000 smears were singled out with extraneous structures of vegetable kind. Botanic analysis showed fragments of tracheae, fibres, etc., and mainly many pollen grains. The reports, accompanied by a set of pictures, are showed. Some hypotheses are presented concerning their origin. Some suggestions are proposed in order to reduce this kind of contamination which, mainly because of pollens, may lead to erroneous diagnoses.
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Marini MA, Martin CJ, Berger RL, Forlani L. A proposed solution for the determination of the ionization constants of sets of ionizinggroups in proteins. Biopolymers 1974; 13:891-902. [PMID: 4850271 DOI: 10.1002/bip.1974.360130505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Abstract
1. The reversible proton dissociation equilibria of peroxidase, apoperoxidase and haem-recombined apoperoxidase have been explored in 150mm-potassium chloride at 20 degrees C at pH3-11.5. 2. Complementary heat measurements have been made of the classes of titratable groups to determine their intrinsic DeltaH dissociation. 3. These curves are interpreted as showing that there are two histidine residues capable of titration in peroxidase whereas there are three such in apoperoxidase. 4. Concomitant spectroscopic investigations indicate profound differences in the tyrosine ionizations in the two proteins. In peroxidase one group only of the five residues ionizes up to pH11.5. In apoperoxidase four residues are titratable. 5. Spectroscopic titration in 6m-guanidinium chloride and 150mm-potassium chloride reveal one tyrosine residue fewer in peroxidase than in apoperoxidase. 6. These findings are discussed in terms of the ;side chain' groups responsible for binding the haem group in peroxidase. A proximal imidazole group seems probable as is also the involvement of a distally placed tyrosine. 7. The differences between apo- and holo-peroxidase are stressed, particularly in respect of abnormal carboxyl group titration in the former.
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Abstract
Ultracentrifugal examination of staphylococcal alpha toxin at different stages of purification showed the presence of a major component having a sedimentation coefficient of 2.8S, present to the extent of more than 90% of the sample, and identifiable with active toxin. Several minor components having S(20,w) values of 11.5S, 8.5S, and 2.0S were detected. The 11.5S component presumably is identical with a toxin aggregate studied earlier and designated 12S; the 8.5S component appears to be delta toxin. A sedimentation equilibrium study of more highly purified material gave 32,700 as the best estimate of molecular weight of alpha toxin. Lowering the pH of the partially purified alpha toxin from 10.2 to 5.3 resulted in a small increase in S(20,w) of the 11.5S component and in the disappearance of the 8.5S component, whereas the S(20,w), molecular weight, and hemolytic activity of the toxin remained constant. Exposure of toxin to pH 3.5 irreversibly reduced the S(20,w) to 2.0S, the molecular weight to about 16,000, and caused irreversible inactivation. Raising the pH of acid-inactivated toxin and adding sodium dodecyl sulfate to 1% increased the S(20,w) to near its normal value (2.7S) but did not restore activity.
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Bosco M, Forlani L, Todesco PE, Troisi L. Unexpected mobility of the halogen in some 4-halogenothiazoles and 5-halogenothiazoles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1971. [DOI: 10.1039/c2971001093a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Bosco M, Forlani L, Liturri V, Riccio P, Todesco PE. Reactivity of 2-halogenothiazoles towards nucleophiles: kinetics and mechanisms of the reactions of 2-halogeno-X-thiazoles with benzenethiolate ion. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1971. [DOI: 10.1039/j29710001373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Evans WJ, Forlani L, Brunori M, Wyman J, Antonini E. A calorimetric study of the recombination of the isolated alpha and beta chains of human hemoglobin. Biochim Biophys Acta 1970; 214:64-8. [PMID: 5488949 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2795(70)90070-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Ioppolo C, Chiancone E, Forlani L. Hybrid formation in mixtures of hemoglobins and isolated hemoglobin chains from different species. Experientia 1968; 24:328. [PMID: 5705173 DOI: 10.1007/bf02140799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Chiancone E, Vecchini P, Forlani L, Antonini E, Wyman J. Dissociation of hemoglobin from different animal species into subunits. Biochim Biophys Acta 1966; 127:549-52. [PMID: 5964994 DOI: 10.1016/0304-4165(66)90415-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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