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Hayden K, Mielke M, Evans J, Neiberg R, Molina-Henry D, Culkin M, Marcovina S, Johnson K, Carmichael O, Rapp S, Sachs B, Ding J, Shappell H, Wagenknecht L, Luchsinger J, Espeland M. Erratum to: Association between Modifiable Risk Factors and Levels of Blood-Based Biomarkers of Alzheimer's and Related Dementias in the Look AHEAD Cohort. JAR Life 2024; 13:29. [PMID: 38533271 PMCID: PMC10964847 DOI: 10.14283/jarlife.2024.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.14283/jarlife.2024.1.].
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Affiliation(s)
- K.M. Hayden
- Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - M.M. Mielke
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - J.K. Evans
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - R. Neiberg
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - D. Molina-Henry
- Winston-Salem State University, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Alzheimer’s Therapeutic Research Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - M. Culkin
- Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - S. Marcovina
- Medpace Reference Laboratories, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - K.C. Johnson
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - O.T. Carmichael
- Biomedical Imaging Center, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - S.R. Rapp
- Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - B.C. Sachs
- Department of Neurology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Sticht Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine Research, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - J. Ding
- Sticht Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine Research, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - H. Shappell
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - L. Wagenknecht
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - J.A. Luchsinger
- Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - M.A. Espeland
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Sticht Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine Research, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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Hayden K, Mielke M, Evans J, Neiberg R, Molina-Henry D, Culkin M, Marcovina S, Johnson K, Carmichael O, Rapp S, Sachs B, Ding J, Shappell H, Wagenknecht L, Luchsinger J, Espeland M. Association between Modifiable Risk Factors and Levels of Blood-Based Biomarkers of Alzheimer's and Related Dementias in the Look AHEAD Cohort. JAR Life 2024; 13:1-21. [PMID: 38204926 PMCID: PMC10775955 DOI: 10.14283/jarlife.2024.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Background Emerging evidence suggests that a number of factors can influence blood-based biomarker levels for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Alzheimer's related dementias (ADRD). We examined the associations that demographic and clinical characteristics have with AD/ADRD blood-based biomarker levels in an observational continuation of a clinical trial cohort of older individuals with type 2 diabetes and overweight or obesity. Methods Participants aged 45-76 years were randomized to a 10-year Intensive Lifestyle Intervention (ILI) or a diabetes support and education (DSE) condition. Stored baseline and end of intervention (8-13 years later) plasma samples were analyzed with the Quanterix Simoa HD-X Analyzer. Changes in Aβ42, Aβ40, Aβ42/Aβ40, ptau181, neurofilament light chain (NfL), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were evaluated in relation to randomization status, demographic, and clinical characteristics. Results In a sample of 779 participants from the Look AHEAD cohort, we found significant associations between blood-based biomarkers for AD/ADRD and 15 of 18 demographic (age, gender, race and ethnicity, education) and clinical characteristics (APOE, depression, alcohol use, smoking, body mass index, HbA1c, diabetes duration, diabetes treatment, estimated glomerular filtration rate, hypertension, and history of cardiovascular disease) . Conclusions Blood-based biomarkers of AD/ADRD are influenced by common demographic and clinical characteristics. These factors should be considered carefully when interpreting these AD/ADRD blood biomarker values for clinical or research purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- K.M. Hayden
- Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - M.M. Mielke
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - J.K. Evans
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - R. Neiberg
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - D. Molina-Henry
- Winston-Salem State University, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Alzheimer’s Therapeutic Research Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - M. Culkin
- Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - S. Marcovina
- Medpace Reference Laboratories, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - K.C. Johnson
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - O.T. Carmichael
- Biomedical Imaging Center, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - S.R. Rapp
- Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - B.C. Sachs
- Department of Neurology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Sticht Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine Research, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - J. Ding
- Sticht Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine Research, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - H. Shappell
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - L. Wagenknecht
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - J.A. Luchsinger
- Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - M.A. Espeland
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Sticht Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine Research, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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Kaptoge S, Seshasai SRK, Sun L, Walker M, Bolton T, Spackman S, Ataklte F, Willeit P, Bell S, Burgess S, Pennells L, Altay S, Assmann G, Ben-Shlomo Y, Best LG, Björkelund C, Blazer DG, Brenner H, Brunner EJ, Dagenais GR, Cooper JA, Cooper C, Crespo CJ, Cushman M, D'Agostino RB, Daimon M, Daniels LB, Danker R, Davidson KW, de Jongh RT, Donfrancesco C, Ducimetiere P, Elders PJM, Engström G, Ford I, Gallacher I, Bakker SJL, Goldbourt U, de La Cámara G, Grimsgaard S, Gudnason V, Hansson PO, Imano H, Jukema JW, Kabrhel C, Kauhanen J, Kavousi M, Kiechl S, Knuiman MW, Kromhout D, Krumholz HM, Kuller LH, Laatikainen T, Lowler DA, Meyer HE, Mukamal K, Nietert PJ, Ninomiya T, Nitsch D, Nordestgaard BG, Palmieri L, Price JF, Ridker PM, Sun Q, Rosengren A, Roussel R, Sakurai M, Salomaa V, Schöttker B, Shaw JE, Strandberg TE, Sundström J, Tolonen H, Tverdal A, Verschuren WMM, Völzke H, Wagenknecht L, Wallace RB, Wannamethee SG, Wareham NJ, Wassertheil-Smoller S, Yamagishi K, Yeap BB, Harrison S, Inouye M, Griffin S, Butterworth AS, Wood AM, Thompson SG, Sattar N, Danesh J, Di Angelantonio E, Tipping RW, Russell S, Johansen M, Bancks MP, Mongraw-Chaffin M, Magliano D, Barr ELM, Zimmet PZ, Knuiman MW, Whincup PH, Willeit J, Willeit P, Leitner C, Lawlor DA, Ben-Shlomo Y, Elwood P, Sutherland SE, Hunt KJ, Cushman M, Selmer RM, Haheim LL, Ariansen I, Tybjaer-Hansen A, Frikkle-Schmidt R, Langsted A, Donfrancesco C, Lo Noce C, Balkau B, Bonnet F, Fumeron F, Pablos DL, Ferro CR, Morales TG, Mclachlan S, Guralnik J, Khaw KT, Brenner H, Holleczek B, Stocker H, Nissinen A, Palmieri L, Vartiainen E, Jousilahti P, Harald K, Massaro JM, Pencina M, Lyass A, Susa S, Oizumi T, Kayama T, Chetrit A, Roth J, Orenstein L, Welin L, Svärdsudd K, Lissner L, Hange D, Mehlig K, Salomaa V, Tilvis RS, Dennison E, Cooper C, Westbury L, Norman PE, Almeida OP, Hankey GJ, Hata J, Shibata M, Furuta Y, Bom MT, Rutters F, Muilwijk M, Kraft P, Lindstrom S, Turman C, Kiyama M, Kitamura A, Yamagishi K, Gerber Y, Laatikainen T, Salonen JT, van Schoor LN, van Zutphen EM, Verschuren WMM, Engström G, Melander O, Psaty BM, Blaha M, de Boer IH, Kronmal RA, Sattar N, Rosengren A, Nitsch D, Grandits G, Tverdal A, Shin HC, Albertorio JR, Gillum RF, Hu FB, Cooper JA, Humphries S, Hill- Briggs F, Vrany E, Butler M, Schwartz JE, Kiyama M, Kitamura A, Iso H, Amouyel P, Arveiler D, Ferrieres J, Gansevoort RT, de Boer R, Kieneker L, Crespo CJ, Assmann G, Trompet S, Kearney P, Cantin B, Després JP, Lamarche B, Laughlin G, McEvoy L, Aspelund T, Thorsson B, Sigurdsson G, Tilly M, Ikram MA, Dorr M, Schipf S, Völzke H, Fretts AM, Umans JG, Ali T, Shara N, Davey-Smith G, Can G, Yüksel H, Özkan U, Nakagawa H, Morikawa Y, Ishizaki M, Njølstad I, Wilsgaard T, Mathiesen E, Sundström J, Buring J, Cook N, Arndt V, Rothenbacher D, Manson J, Tinker L, Shipley M, Tabak AG, Kivimaki M, Packard C, Robertson M, Feskens E, Geleijnse M, Kromhout D. Life expectancy associated with different ages at diagnosis of type 2 diabetes in high-income countries: 23 million person-years of observation. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2023; 11:731-742. [PMID: 37708900 PMCID: PMC7615299 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(23)00223-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of type 2 diabetes is increasing rapidly, particularly among younger age groups. Estimates suggest that people with diabetes die, on average, 6 years earlier than people without diabetes. We aimed to provide reliable estimates of the associations between age at diagnosis of diabetes and all-cause mortality, cause-specific mortality, and reductions in life expectancy. METHODS For this observational study, we conducted a combined analysis of individual-participant data from 19 high-income countries using two large-scale data sources: the Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration (96 cohorts, median baseline years 1961-2007, median latest follow-up years 1980-2013) and the UK Biobank (median baseline year 2006, median latest follow-up year 2020). We calculated age-adjusted and sex-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for all-cause mortality according to age at diagnosis of diabetes using data from 1 515 718 participants, in whom deaths were recorded during 23·1 million person-years of follow-up. We estimated cumulative survival by applying age-specific HRs to age-specific death rates from 2015 for the USA and the EU. FINDINGS For participants with diabetes, we observed a linear dose-response association between earlier age at diagnosis and higher risk of all-cause mortality compared with participants without diabetes. HRs were 2·69 (95% CI 2·43-2·97) when diagnosed at 30-39 years, 2·26 (2·08-2·45) at 40-49 years, 1·84 (1·72-1·97) at 50-59 years, 1·57 (1·47-1·67) at 60-69 years, and 1·39 (1·29-1·51) at 70 years and older. HRs per decade of earlier diagnosis were similar for men and women. Using death rates from the USA, a 50-year-old individual with diabetes died on average 14 years earlier when diagnosed aged 30 years, 10 years earlier when diagnosed aged 40 years, or 6 years earlier when diagnosed aged 50 years than an individual without diabetes. Using EU death rates, the corresponding estimates were 13, 9, or 5 years earlier. INTERPRETATION Every decade of earlier diagnosis of diabetes was associated with about 3-4 years of lower life expectancy, highlighting the need to develop and implement interventions that prevent or delay the onset of diabetes and to intensify the treatment of risk factors among young adults diagnosed with diabetes. FUNDING British Heart Foundation, Medical Research Council, National Institute for Health and Care Research, and Health Data Research UK.
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Cebecauerová D, Malcová H, Koukolská V, Kvíčalová Z, Souček O, Wagenknecht L, Bronský J, Šumník Z, Kynčl M, Cebecauer M, Horváth R. Two phenotypes of chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis with different patterns of bone involvement. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2022; 20:108. [PMID: 36456962 PMCID: PMC9713994 DOI: 10.1186/s12969-022-00772-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic Recurrent Multifocal Osteomyelitis (CRMO) is an autoinflammatory bone disorder with predominantly paediatric onset. Children present with multifocal osteolytic lesions accompanied by bone pain and soft tissue swelling. Patients often exhibit extraosseous co-morbidities such as psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease, and arthritis. OBJECTIVES Comparison of children with two different phenotypes of CRMO defined by presence or absence of extraosseous co-morbidities. METHODS Children diagnosed with CRMO at the Motol University Hospital between 2010 and 2020 were retrospectively reviewed, and according to the absence or presence of extraosseous manifestations divided into two cohorts - bone limited CRMO and complex CRMO. The two groups were compared in terms of demographic data, age at disease onset, number and site of bone lesions, laboratory biomarker values, and need of escalation to a second-line therapy. RESULTS Thirty-seven children (30 female, 7 male) with confirmed CRMO were included in the analysis. The mean age at disease onset was 10 years. All but 3 patients presented with multifocal disease. Twenty-three children (62%) had at least one extraosseous manifestation (13 sacroiliitis, 8 inflammatory bowel disease, 6 skin disease [acne, pustulosis, or psoriasis], 7 arthritis). Complex CRMO was associated with a significantly higher ESR rate (p = 0.0064) and CRP level (p = 0.018). The groups did not differ in number of foci or in age at disease onset. Bone lesion distribution differed between the two groups with significantly more frequent involvement of clavicle (p = 0.011) and pelvis (p = 0.038) in patients with complex CRMO. Children with complex CRMO more often needed escalation of therapy to DMARDs and biologic agents. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that CRMO affecting solely the skeleton has milder course compared to complex CRMO with extraskeletal features. Further studies are needed to explore the clinical as well as the patient reported outcomes and promote individually tailored therapeutic strategies in both CRMO phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dita Cebecauerová
- Department of Paediatric and Adult Rheumatology, Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Hana Malcová
- grid.412826.b0000 0004 0611 0905Department of Paediatric and Adult Rheumatology, Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Koukolská
- grid.412826.b0000 0004 0611 0905Department of Radiology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Kvíčalová
- grid.425073.70000 0004 0633 9822Department of Biophysical Chemistry, J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Souček
- grid.412826.b0000 0004 0611 0905Department of Pediatrics, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Wagenknecht
- grid.412826.b0000 0004 0611 0905Department of Ortopaedics, Second Faculty of Medicine, Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Bronský
- grid.412826.b0000 0004 0611 0905Department of Pediatrics, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Šumník
- grid.412826.b0000 0004 0611 0905Department of Pediatrics, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Kynčl
- grid.412826.b0000 0004 0611 0905Department of Radiology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Cebecauer
- grid.425073.70000 0004 0633 9822Department of Biophysical Chemistry, J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Rudolf Horváth
- grid.412826.b0000 0004 0611 0905Department of Paediatric and Adult Rheumatology, Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
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Vlach M, Schovanec J, Havlas V, Wagenknecht L, Trč T. [Primary malignant bone tumors in children possibilities of limb-saving surgery using allografts]. Cas Lek Cesk 2016; 155:406-412. [PMID: 28098469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Therapy of primary malignant bone tumors is always multimodal and requires close cooperation of oncologist, orthopedic surgeon, radiologist and others. In our article, we provide a brief overview of the most common malignant bone tumors in pediatric patients and summarize the commonly used therapeutic procedures. Despite advances in cancer treatment radical surgical resection of the tumor is still necessary. If possible, it should be complete removal of the affected structures, made in terms of the so-called limb-saving (limb-sparing) surgery that preserves the shape and function of the affected limb to the fullest extent possible. In addition the resection must be done at the same time with substitution of the removed bone. Bone grafts, both autografts and allografts, are used in majority of solutions. We also discuss the comparison of different approaches of limb-saving surgery compared to ablative procedures.
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Lee C, Liese A, Wagenknecht L, Lorenzo C, Haffner S, Hanley A. Fish consumption, insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function in the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study (IRAS). Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2013; 23:829-835. [PMID: 22835984 PMCID: PMC3485446 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2012.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2012] [Revised: 05/10/2012] [Accepted: 06/06/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Previous research on the association between fish consumption and incident type 2 diabetes has been inconclusive. In addition, few studies have investigated how fish consumption may be related to the metabolic abnormalities underlying diabetes. Therefore, we examined the association of fish consumption with measures of insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function in a multi-ethnic population. METHODS AND RESULTS We examined the cross-sectional association between fish consumption and measures of insulin sensitivity and secretion in 951 non-diabetic participants in the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study (IRAS). Fish consumption, categorized as <2 vs. ≥2 portions/week, was measured using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Insulin sensitivity (S(I)) and acute insulin response (AIR) were determined from frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance tests. Higher fish consumption was independently associated with lower S(I)-adjusted AIR (β = -0.13 [-0.25, -0.016], p = 0.03, comparing ≥2 vs. <2 portions/week). Fish consumption was positively associated with intact and split proinsulin/C-peptide ratios, however, these associations were confounded by ethnicity (multivariable-adjusted β = 0.073 [-0.014, 0.16] for intact proinsulin/C-peptide ratio, β = 0.031 [-0.065, 0.13] for split proinsulin/C-peptide ratio). We also observed a significant positive association between fish consumption and fasting blood glucose (multivariable-adjusted β = 2.27 [0.68, 3.86], p = 0.005). We found no association between fish consumption and S(I) (multivariable-adjusted β = -0.015 [-0.083, 0.053]) or fasting insulin (multivariable-adjusted β = 0.016 [-0.066, 0.10]). CONCLUSIONS Fish consumption was not associated with measures of insulin sensitivity in the multi-ethnic IRAS cohort. However, higher fish consumption may be associated with pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Lee
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - A. Liese
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - L. Wagenknecht
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - C. Lorenzo
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, University of Texas Health Science Centre, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - S. Haffner
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - A. Hanley
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine and Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Leadership Sinai Centre for Diabetes, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Henkin L, Zaccaro D, Haffner S, Karter A, Rewers M, Sholinsky P, Wagenknecht L. Cigarette smoking, environmental tobacco smoke exposure and insulin sensitivity: the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study. Ann Epidemiol 1999; 9:290-6. [PMID: 10976855 DOI: 10.1016/s1047-2797(99)00003-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate whether active smoking and/or exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) is associated with insulin sensitivity. METHODS Insulin sensitivity and tobacco use history were measured in 1481 participants in the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study (IRAS). IRAS is a large mulitcenter epidemiologic study designed to explore the cross-sectional relationships among insulin resistance, cardiovascular disease risk factors and behaviors, and disease in African-American, Hispanic, and non-Hispanic white men and women, aged 40-69 years, selected to represent a broad range of glucose tolerance. Multiple linear regression models and linear contrasts were employed to describe the association between smoking history, as assessed via structured interview, and insulin sensitivity, as assessed by an insulin modified frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test (FSIGT) with minimal model analysis. RESULTS Active smoking was not associated with insulin sensitivity. Exposure to ETS was associated with lower insulin sensitivity. Specifically, for all participants combined, levels of SI were lower, indicating reduced insulin sensitivity, for those exposed to ETS when compared to those who were not exposed (p = 0.019). This association persisted for female participants (p = 0.013) and exhibited the same trend for males but failed to achieve statistical significance (p = 0.264). CONCLUSIONS Our study did not reveal an association between active smoking and insulin sensitivity, as has been shown previously. The association between ETS exposure and insulin sensitivity is a puzzling finding which deserves further investigation in the longitudinal data from IRAS as well as in other populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Henkin
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1063, USA
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D'Agostino RB, Burke G, O'Leary D, Rewers M, Selby J, Savage PJ, Saad MF, Bergman RN, Howard G, Wagenknecht L, Haffner SM. Ethnic differences in carotid wall thickness. The Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study. Stroke 1996; 27:1744-9. [PMID: 8841322 DOI: 10.1161/01.str.27.10.1744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Ethnic differences in cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality have been observed in US adults. However, little data exist on differences in indices of preclinical atherosclerosis such as carotid wall intima-media thickness (IMT) for US non-Hispanic whites, Hispanics, and blacks. This study was undertaken to determine whether there were ethnic differences in carotid wall IMT. METHODS Internal carotid artery (ICA) IMT and common carotid artery (CCA) IMT, indices of atherosclerosis, were assessed with the use of B-mode ultrasound in 1020 nondiabetic participants in the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study, a multicenter study designed to examine the association between insulin resistance and carotid atherosclerosis. The study included 281 blacks, 329 Hispanics, and 410 non-Hispanic whites aged 40 to 69 years. RESULTS Blacks had significantly greater CCA IMT than non-Hispanic whites (865 versus 808 microns); this remained significant after adjustment for major CVD risk factors and insulin sensitivity (864 versus 823 microns). There were no significant differences in ICA IMT between blacks and non-Hispanic whites. Hispanics had significantly lesser CCA IMT than non-Hispanic whites (749 versus 776 microns), and these differences remained significant after adjustment for traditional cardiovascular risk factors and insulin sensitivity (750 versus 778 microns). There were no significant differences in ICA IMT between non-Hispanic whites and Hispanics. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that ethnic differences exist in CCA but not in ICA IMT in nondiabetic subjects. These differences in IMT, which are indicators of atherosclerosis, are a non-invasive measure that is consistent with some of the data on clinical end points. These differences may be associated with the observed differences in CVD morbidity and mortality among major ethnic groups in the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- R B D'Agostino
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Bowman Gray School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1063, USA.
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Abstract
This paper evaluates the prognostic significance of various clinical parameters applied to 133 patients with advanced malignant melanoma, who were treated in two successive studies by the Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research (SAKK). All patients received poly chemotherapy. In the second study half of the cases were also randomly allocated to an additional unspecific immunotherapy with MER. The results of the combined chemo-immunotherapy are inferior to those achieved with chemotherapy alone. Patients achieving a partial remission live significantly longer than patients with a progressive disease. Further factors of significant prognostic importance are: the performance status, the sites of metastases, the localization of the primary tumor, and the sex. Based on the data, we propose new parameters for the stratification of patients in future Phase II and Phase III trials.
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Jungi WF, Alberto P, Wagenknecht L, Cavalli F, Martz G, Brunner KW. [Antiestrogens: a new endocrine treatment possibility in metastasizing breast neoplasms. Experiences of the Swiss Cooperative Cancer Study Group with tamoxifen]. Schweiz Med Wochenschr 1978; 108:1317-21. [PMID: 694481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The detection of specific hormone receptors in normal and tumor tissue has brought new insight into the mechanisms of action of hormones and anti-hormones. The Swiss Cooperative Cancer Study Group (SAKK) has evaluated the antitumor effect of the new antiestrogenic substance tamoxifen in metastatic breast cancer. 158 postmenopausal patients treated with 20 mg/d tamoxifen by mouth are evaluable at present time. Complete and good partial remissions were achieved in 39 patients (25%) largely with soft tissue but also lung and bone metastases. Tamoxifen was well tolerated and caused few serious complications such as thrombosis/pulmonary embolism and hypercalcemia. These results confirm already published experience with tamoxifen, which may replace the estrogens as the primary endocrine treatment in postmenopausal mammary carcinoma metastasizing to soft tissues, lung and bone.
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12
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Zander E, de Tribolet N, Wagenknecht L. Combined chemotherapy with VM 26 and BCNU for recurrent malignant gliomas after operation and irradiation. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 1978; 42:97-101. [PMID: 696446 DOI: 10.1007/bf01406635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The preliminary results of a combined chemotherapy trial with VM 26 and BCNU for recurrent malignant gliomas are presented. Four patients out of seven responded favourably to this treatment. Toxicity was mild and reversible.
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13
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Abele R, Alberto P, Germano G, Obrecht JP, Wagenknecht L. [Simultaneous combination of adriamycin, bleomycin, cyclohexyl-chloroethyl nitrosourea with dimethyl-triazeno imidazole carboxamide in the treatment of Hodgkin's lymphoma]. Schweiz Med Wochenschr 1976; 106:961-3. [PMID: 63145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Sixteen patients with Hodgkin's (10) and non-Hodgkin's (6) lymphoma were treated by the "ABCD scheme", which is a combination of adriamycin (25-30 mg/m2 day 1), bleomycin (15 mg day 1-5), CCNU (60 mg/m2 day 1) and DIC (90-100 mg/m2 day 1-5). 15 results are evaluable and included 5 complete remissions, 5 partial remissions, 2 stabilizations, 2 progressions and 1 early death (remission rate: 66%). 45 ABCD courses were given. 8 patients received more than one course (maximum 7 courses). Toxicity was tolerable and consisted mainly of myelodepression, nausea, vomiting and muco-cutaneous alterations. Two patients died following toxicity, one from myelosuppression and the other from interstitial pulmonary fibrosis. The results suggest that this combination can be useful where the usual chemotherapy combination fails.
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Hildebrand J, Brihaye J, Wagenknecht L, Michel J, Kenis Y. Combination chemotherapy with CCNU, vincristine and methotrexate in primary and metastatic brain tumors. Eur J Cancer 1975; 11:585-7. [PMID: 1222765 DOI: 10.1016/0014-2964(75)90131-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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15
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Wagenknecht L. [Chemotherapy of malignant melanoma]. Schweiz Med Wochenschr 1973; 103:1426-8. [PMID: 4127413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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16
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Hildebrand J, Brihaye J, Wagenknecht L, Michel J, Kenis Y. Combination chemotherapy with 1-(2-chloroethyl-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea) (CCNU), vincristine and methotrexate in primary and metastatic brain tumors--a preliminary report. Eur J Cancer 1973; 9:627-34. [PMID: 4803230 DOI: 10.1016/0014-2964(73)90004-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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17
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Laugier P, Orusco M, Wagenknecht L, Jaccard M. Polychimiothérapie du mélanome métastatique. Dermatology 1972. [DOI: 10.1159/000252009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
It is still too early to draw valuable conclusions (only 8 months have elapsed) on the therapeutic value of these types of polychimiotherapies. This is only a preliminary notice. Regression was observed on three of our patients and this seems a good enough reason to carry on this clinical trial. Another important question comes up at once: How long does the anti-tumor effect last? We cannot as yet give a valuable answer. It is only by a careful follow-up of these patients that we will be able to determine it, more precisely.
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Wagenknecht L, Couvelaire R. [Renal failure in urogenital schistosomiasis]. J Urol Nephrol (Paris) 1971; 77:Suppl:379-81. [PMID: 5155453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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19
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Wagenknecht L, Alberto P, Maurice PA. [The place of laparatomy-splenectomy in the therapeutic management of Hodgkin's disease]. Schweiz Med Wochenschr 1970; 100:1999-2000. [PMID: 5507849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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