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Yaney A, Fort M, Jhawar S, Beyer S, White J, Bazan J. Prospective Evaluation of Implementation of Esophageal Dose-Volume Constraints in Patients with Breast Cancer Undergoing Regional Nodal Irradiation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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2
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Molinier R, Roger A, Genet B, Blom A, Longvert C, Chaplain L, Fort M, Saiag P, Funck‐Brentano E. Impact of the French COVID-19 pandemic lockdown on newly diagnosed melanoma delay and severity. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2022; 36:e164-e166. [PMID: 34753221 PMCID: PMC8657330 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.17802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Molinier
- Department of General and Oncologic DermatologyAmbroise‐Paré hospitalAP‐HPBoulogne‐BillancourtFrance
| | - A. Roger
- Department of General and Oncologic DermatologyAmbroise‐Paré hospitalAP‐HPBoulogne‐BillancourtFrance,Research unit EA4340 “Biomarkers and clinical trials in oncology and onco‐hematology”Versailles‐Saint‐Quentin‐en‐Yvelines UniversityParis‐Saclay UniversityVersaillesFrance
| | - B. Genet
- Department of Statistics and Methodology on Biomedical ResearchKremlin‐Bicêtre UniversityParis‐Saclay UniversityLe Kremlin‐BicêtreFrance
| | - A. Blom
- Department of General and Oncologic DermatologyAmbroise‐Paré hospitalAP‐HPBoulogne‐BillancourtFrance,Research unit EA4340 “Biomarkers and clinical trials in oncology and onco‐hematology”Versailles‐Saint‐Quentin‐en‐Yvelines UniversityParis‐Saclay UniversityVersaillesFrance
| | - C. Longvert
- Department of General and Oncologic DermatologyAmbroise‐Paré hospitalAP‐HPBoulogne‐BillancourtFrance,Research unit EA4340 “Biomarkers and clinical trials in oncology and onco‐hematology”Versailles‐Saint‐Quentin‐en‐Yvelines UniversityParis‐Saclay UniversityVersaillesFrance
| | - L. Chaplain
- Department of General and Oncologic DermatologyAmbroise‐Paré hospitalAP‐HPBoulogne‐BillancourtFrance
| | - M. Fort
- Department of General and Oncologic DermatologyAmbroise‐Paré hospitalAP‐HPBoulogne‐BillancourtFrance
| | - P. Saiag
- Department of General and Oncologic DermatologyAmbroise‐Paré hospitalAP‐HPBoulogne‐BillancourtFrance,Research unit EA4340 “Biomarkers and clinical trials in oncology and onco‐hematology”Versailles‐Saint‐Quentin‐en‐Yvelines UniversityParis‐Saclay UniversityVersaillesFrance
| | - E. Funck‐Brentano
- Department of General and Oncologic DermatologyAmbroise‐Paré hospitalAP‐HPBoulogne‐BillancourtFrance,Research unit EA4340 “Biomarkers and clinical trials in oncology and onco‐hematology”Versailles‐Saint‐Quentin‐en‐Yvelines UniversityParis‐Saclay UniversityVersaillesFrance
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Bouchereau S, Chaplain L, Fort M, Beauchet A, Sidibé T, Chapalain M, Gonzalez-Lara L, Longvert C, Blom A, Aouidad I, Saiag P, Funck-Brentano E. Impact de l’immunothérapie sur l’efficacité de la dacarbazine dans le mélanome métastatique. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2020.09.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Turquier E, Chaplain L, Fort M, Longvert C, Blom A, Roger A, Chapalain M, Aouidad I, Sidibe T, Beauchet A, Gonzalez-Lara L, Boru B, Saiag P, Funck-Brentano E. Intérêt du PET-scanner avant arrêt des anti-PD-1 dans le mélanome métastatique. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2020.09.487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Peralta A, Paniagua-Ávila A, Fort M, Gulayín P, He J, Irazola V, Mansilla K, Hernández D, Ramírez-Zea M. Translating instruments into multiple Mayan languages for a hypertension T4 study in Guatemala. Eur J Public Health 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckaa166.1160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Issue
Guatemala is a culturally and linguistically diverse country. Mayan languages are primarily spoken languages; few people know their written form. Health features and outcomes are difficult to assess due to the lack of validated instruments in these languages.
Description of the Problem
A cluster randomized trial to improve hypertension control is being conducted in 36 municipalities where Mayan languages are spoken in addition to Spanish. Instruments for measuring study outcomes were developed in Spanish and cross-culturally adapted into five Mayan languages following WHO's methodology. First, data were gathered on the proportion of people only fluent in a Mayan language in each district. We prioritized those Mayan languages spoken by more than 20% of the non-Spanish speaking population: Achí, K'iche', Kaqchikel, Tz'utujil and Mam. Second, forward translation to the Mayan languages was conducted by a local healthcare professional, who verbally recorded each instrument. The study team identified key words and concepts to guarantee content equivalence. Third, back-translation was conducted by two independent healthcare providers, who were blinded to the original instruments. The research team formally compared the original questionnaires with the back-translated versions to ensure they were conceptually equivalent and culturally adapted. Discrepancies were corrected as needed. Finally, local interviewers were trained on how to accurately use the written Spanish questionnaires and the Mayan language verbal recordings.
Results
By following this methodology, we achieved cross-culturally adapted instruments to improve the information-gathering process in communities where only Mayan languages are spoken.
Lessons
Having culturally adapted tools will allow researchers to reach a broader range of the target population, obtain more accurate information, and take into account participants' culture and cosmovision.
Key messages
Translating questionnaires to people’s native language allows researchers to obtain more accurate information in a standardized way and better understand participants’ culture and cosmovision. The described methodology is beneficial for conducting research in linguistically diverse countries. It promotes effective and inclusive communication among researchers and participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Peralta
- INCAP Research Center for the Prevention of Chronic Diseases, Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama, Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | - A Paniagua-Ávila
- INCAP Research Center for the Prevention of Chronic Diseases, Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama, Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | - M Fort
- Colorado School of Public Health, Colorado School of Public Health, Colorado, USA
| | - P Gulayín
- Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy, Center of Excellence for Cardiovascular Health, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - J He
- School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, USA
| | - V Irazola
- Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy, Center of Excellence for Cardiovascular Health, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - K Mansilla
- INCAP Research Center for the Prevention of Chronic Diseases, Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama, Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | - D Hernández
- INCAP Research Center for the Prevention of Chronic Diseases, Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama, Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | - M Ramírez-Zea
- INCAP Research Center for the Prevention of Chronic Diseases, Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama, Guatemala City, Guatemala
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Dupont R, Berard E, Puisset F, Fort M, Comont T, Guimbaud R, Meyer N, Mazieres J, Alric L. Facteurs prédictifs de survenue des effets indésirables immunologiques au cours du traitement du mélanome et du cancer bronchique par inhibiteurs de check point. Rev Med Interne 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2018.10.338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Baghad B, Funck-Brentano E, Fort M, Aouidad I, Roger A, Beauchet A, Mazeron JJ, Otmezguine Y, Blom A, Longvert C, Boru B, Saiag P. Association radiothérapie et anti-PD-1 dans le mélanome avancé en cas d’échec d’anti-PD-1 en monothérapie. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2018.09.527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Gonzalez Lara L, Kassem O, Finet A, Fort M, Blom A, Longvert C, Romero P, Saiag P. Pityriasis rubra pilaire érythrodermique rebelle au traitement faisant découvrir une carcinose péritonéale d’origine ovarienne. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2017.09.326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Fort M, Giustiniani J, Bensussan A, Descamps V. Intégration chromosomique HHV-6 au cours du DRESS : un facteur de prédisposition à la réactivation HHV-6 ? Approche cellulaire. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2016.09.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Rojas M, Moré G, Campero L, Fort M, Giménez H, Venturini M. Detection of Neospora spp. antibodies in horses from La Pampa, Argentina. J Equine Vet Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2016.02.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Finco D, Grimaldi C, Fort M, Walker M, Kiessling A, Wolf B, Salcedo T, Faggioni R, Schneider A, Ibraghimov A, Scesney S, Serna D, Prell R, Stebbings R, Narayanan PK. Cytokine release assays: current practices and future directions. Cytokine 2014; 66:143-55. [PMID: 24412476 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2013.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2013] [Revised: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
As a result of the CD28 superagonist biotherapeutic monoclonal antibody (TGN 1412) "cytokine storm" incident, cytokine release assays (CRA) have become hazard identification and prospective risk assessment tools for screening novel biotherapeutics directed against targets having a potential risk for eliciting adverse pro-inflammatory clinical infusion reactions. Different laboratories may have different strategies, assay formats, and approaches to the reporting, interpretation, and use of data for either decision making or risk assessment. Additionally, many independent contract research organizations (CROs), academic and government laboratories are involved in some aspect of CRA work. As a result, while some pharmaceutical companies are providing CRA data as part of the regulatory submissions when necessary, technical and regulatory practices are still evolving to provide data predictive of cytokine release in humans and that are relevant to safety. This manuscript provides an overview of different approaches employed by the pharmaceutical industry and CROs, for the use and application of CRA based upon a survey and post survey follow up conducted by ILSI-Health and Environmental Sciences Institute (HESI) Immunotoxicology Committee CRA Working Group. Also discussed is ongoing research in the academic sector, the regulatory environment, current limitations of the assays, and future directions and recommendations for cytokine release assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Finco
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, CT, USA.
| | - C Grimaldi
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, CT, USA
| | - M Fort
- Discovery Toxicology, Amgen Inc., Seattle, WA, USA
| | - M Walker
- Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA, USA
| | | | - B Wolf
- Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - T Salcedo
- Immunotoxicology, Bristol-Myers Squibb, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - R Faggioni
- Clinical Pharmacology & DMPK, MedImmune, LLC, Hayward, CA, USA
| | - A Schneider
- Clinical Pharmacology & DMPK, MedImmune, LLC, Hayward, CA, USA
| | | | - S Scesney
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - D Serna
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - R Prell
- Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, USA
| | - R Stebbings
- National Institute for Biological Standards & Control, Potters Bar, UK
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Wallart A, Parguey V, de Bentzmann N, Bompoint C, Fournier I, Godin S, Lebars L, Maurer N, Porcheron S, Premel C, Renaud B, Boulanger F, Fort M, Marry É, Yakoub-Agha I. Interactions entre coordination nationale de greffe et coordinateurs locaux. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 61:144-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.patbio.2013.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 07/18/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Sibila M, Fort M, Nofrarías M, Pérez de Rozas A, Galindo-Cardiel I, Mateu E, Segalés J. Simultaneous Porcine Circovirus Type 2 and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae Co-inoculation does not Potentiate Disease in Conventional Pigs. J Comp Pathol 2012; 147:285-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2012.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2011] [Revised: 12/01/2011] [Accepted: 01/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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de Rouvray C, Desport J, Fort M, Plouvier L. P021 Les mesures de base en nutrition, le dépistage des troubles nutritionnels et leur prise en charge restent difficiles à l’hôpital. NUTR CLIN METAB 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0985-0562(11)70089-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Gris G, Vidal A, Fort M, Aubel B, Romero L, González A, Portillo‐Salido E, Baeyens J, Vela J, Deseure K, Zamanillo D. 335 ANALGESIC EFFICACY IN RAT MODELS OF EXPERIMENTAL PAIN OF A NEW SELECTIVE SIGMA‐1 RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST. Eur J Pain 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1090-3801(09)60338-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. Gris
- Department of Pharmacology, Laboratorios ESTEVE, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A. Vidal
- Department of Pharmacology, Laboratorios ESTEVE, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M. Fort
- Department of Pharmacology, Laboratorios ESTEVE, Barcelona, Spain
| | - B. Aubel
- Department of Pharmacology, Laboratorios ESTEVE, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L. Romero
- Department of Pharmacology, Laboratorios ESTEVE, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A. González
- Department of Pharmacology, Laboratorios ESTEVE, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - J.M. Baeyens
- Department of Pharmacology and Institute of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Granada., Granada, Spain
| | - J.M. Vela
- Department of Pharmacology, Laboratorios ESTEVE, Barcelona, Spain
| | - K. Deseure
- Laboratory of Anesthesiology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - D. Zamanillo
- Department of Pharmacology, Laboratorios ESTEVE, Barcelona, Spain
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Sallusto F, Kamar N, Khedis M, Gamé X, Taj K, Delisle MB, Fort M, Noury D, Durand D, Rostaing L, Rischmann P. [Domino transplantation of a living-donor kidney graft affected by thrombotic microangiopathy: surgical aspects]. Prog Urol 2009; 19:513-6. [PMID: 19559386 DOI: 10.1016/j.purol.2009.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2008] [Revised: 01/30/2009] [Accepted: 02/04/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We report surgical aspects of the first case of retransplantation of a kidney initially retrieved from a cadaveric donor, then on a first recipient which developed a recurrent severe and intractable thrombotic microangiopathy on the allograft.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Sallusto
- Service d'urologie, transplantation rénale, andrologie, CHU de Rangueil, 1, avenue Jean-Poulhès, 31059 Toulouse, France.
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Fort M, Sibila M, Pérez-Martín E, Nofrarías M, Mateu E, Segalés J. One dose of a porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) sub-unit vaccine administered to 3-week-old conventional piglets elicits cell-mediated immunity and significantly reduces PCV2 viremia in an experimental model. Vaccine 2009; 27:4031-7. [PMID: 19379787 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2009] [Revised: 04/03/2009] [Accepted: 04/09/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The immunogenicity and efficacy generated by one dose of a PCV2 sub-unit vaccine (Porcilis PCV) were evaluated in 3-week-old conventional piglets. Vaccination induced both humoral and cell-mediated responses against PCV2, which were increased after the challenge with a PCV2 genotype "b" isolate. High levels of maternally derived antibodies (IPMA >or= 10 log(2)) at the time of vaccination were found to interfere with the active seroconversion, whereas titres below 8 log(2) allowed the development of a proper antibody response. Nevertheless, the immunity induced by one dose of the product was partly protective against PCV2 infection, since viremia, shedding and viral load in tissues were significantly reduced in vaccinated pigs compared to controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Fort
- Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal, UAB-IRTA, Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
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Pujols J, López-Soria S, Segalés J, Fort M, Sibila M, Rosell R, Solanes D, Russell L, Campbell J, Crenshaw J, Weaver E, Polo J. Lack of transmission of porcine circovirus type 2 to weanling pigs by feeding them spray-dried porcine plasma. Vet Rec 2009; 163:536-8. [PMID: 18978366 DOI: 10.1136/vr.163.18.536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
An experiment was conducted to determine whether spray-dried porcine plasma containing 2.47 x 10(5) dna copies of porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv-2) could infect weanling pigs when fed to them. Five specific pathogen-free (spf) weanling pigs were fed ad libitum for 45 days a control diet and six pigs were fed a test diet containing 8 kg sdpp per 100 kg feed. The two groups were housed in separate biosecurity level-3 rooms. None of the pigs in either group developed any clinical signs or became pcv-2 viraemic or seroconverted.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Pujols
- Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (cresa), Fundación uab-irta, Esfera uab, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Etienne G, Mathoulin-Pélissier S, Fort M, Guerci-Bresler A, Guilhot F, Rousselot PH, Nicolini FE, Legros L, Cholet C, Reiffers J, Mahon F. A phase II open trial evaluating imatinib mesylate and zoledronic acid in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia with molecular residual disease. J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.18006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Fort M, Sibila M, Allepuz A, Mateu E, Roerink F, Segalés J. Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) vaccination of conventional pigs prevents viremia against PCV2 isolates of different genotypes and geographic origins. Vaccine 2008; 26:1063-71. [PMID: 18237827 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2007] [Revised: 11/27/2007] [Accepted: 12/16/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The efficacy of recently developed porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) vaccines has not been tested yet against PCV2 isolates of the two proposed genotypes. In the present work, the efficacy of a subunit vaccine containing PCV2 capsid protein was evaluated by using a challenge model with four different PCV2 isolates of different genotype and geographic origin. The vaccine prevented the development of viremia in all cases as well as significantly decreased nasal and faecal shedding of the virus. Also, the vaccine elicited PCV2-specific neutralizing antibodies to PCV2 even in the presence of maternally derived immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Fort
- Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal, Esfera UAB, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Barcelona, Spain.
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Reboux AH, Kamar N, Fort M, Rischmann P, Malavaud B, Cointault O, Abbal M, Durand D, Rostaing L. A Third Renal Transplantation: Is It Relevant and Is It Worth It? Transplant Proc 2005; 37:4199-202. [PMID: 16387077 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2005.11.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this retrospective study was to determine the outcome of third cadaveric renal transplantations performed between 1989 and 2004 among a cohort of 35 patients whose immunosuppression included induction therapy and calcineurin inhibitors. Most patients were highly sensitized with 1 (0-4) HLA (classes I + II) incompatibility between donor and recipient. RESULTS The median follow-up time was 57 months (range, 1-190). Fourteen patients experienced delayed graft function that required posttransplantation hemodialysis. The current patient and graft survival rates were 91.4% and 82.8%, respectively. At last follow-up, 6 grafts had been lost: 1 due to primary nonfunction; 1 due to an urinary leak (day 45); 2 deaths with functioning grafts; and 2 chronic allograft nephropathies (CAN) at 85 and 60 months posttransplantation, respectively. Among the 10 patients who experienced acute rejection episodes, half were steroid-sensitive, whereas the others required OKT3 therapy. Overall, when excluding the 2 patients who presented with early loss of their grafts, 13 of 33 patients (39.4%) developed CAN, which led to the graft loss in only 2 cases. The mean creatinine clearance was 57 +/- 23 mL/min at year 5. Of the 35 recipients, 12 (34.3%) developed graft/perigraft complications, among whom 10 (83.3%) required treatment. The most frequent complication was lymphocele (M = 4; 11.4%) or infections that led to rehospitalization (n = 17). CONCLUSION Results from third transplantations were encouraging. Thus, despite the organ shortage, a third graft was worth it!
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Affiliation(s)
- A H Reboux
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Multiorgan Transplantation, CHU Rangueil, Toulouse, France
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Desport JC, Mounier M, Preux PM, Makabakayele K, Camus A, Gayaud JP, Fort M, Dorigny B, Van Dael P. Evaluation of the microbial safety of a new 1.5 l enteral feeding diet reservoir system. Clin Nutr 2004; 23:983-8. [PMID: 15380886 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2003.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2003] [Accepted: 10/29/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Microbial safety is essential during enteral nutrition (EN) as it can be the origin of gastrointestinal symptoms, but can also lead to systemic infections. The use of large-volume diet reservoirs could limit the risk of contamination and reduce nursing time, due to fewer repeated manipulations. The aim of the study was to evaluate in vivo the microbial safety of a new 1.5l enteral feeding diet reservoir system. METHODS After validation of the study settings under standard laboratory conditions, 86 EN lines with sealed fittings were connected to 1.5l diet reservoirs under hospital/patient conditions. Microbial identification and quantification at different sampling times and points were performed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS No microbial contamination was observed in the diet reservoirs and in the nutrition lines above the drip chamber, demonstrating the microbial safety of this system. Retrograde contamination of the distal nutrition line end at completion of EN was observed and may be affected by the cumulative time of use of the tube. The contaminating microbial species were essentially bacteria of normal oral and digestive flora.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Desport
- Unité de Nutrition, Service d'Hépato-Gastroentérologie, Hôpital Universitaire Dupuytren, 87042 Limoges Cedex, France.
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Desport J, Mounier M, Preux P, Makabakayele K, Fort M, Dorigny B, Van Dael P. Evaluation of the microbial safety of a new 1.5 L enteral feeding pouch system. Clin Nutr 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0261-5614(03)80388-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Nourhashémi F, Gillette-Guyonnet S, Fort M, Andrieu S, Abbal M, Albarède JL, Vellas B. [Association between the A2 allele of the HLA system and age at onset of Alzheimer's disease]. Presse Med 2003; 32:158-61. [PMID: 12610471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Alzheimer is a multifactor disease occurring in a sensitive genetic territory. The e4 allele of the apolipoprotein E (APO E) is a recognised factor of risk. Some studies have suggested an association between the A2 allele of the HLA system and an earlier onset of the disease notably when it appears before the age of 64 or after the age of 75. The aim of our study was to explore this hypothesis in an independent sample of patients. METHODS We compared the influence of the A2 allele of the HLA system on the age at onset of the disease in two groups of Caucasian patients presenting with Alzheimer's disease: early onset if the disease appeared before the age of 60 (n= 31) and late onset if it had appeared after the age of 75 (n= 44). The influence of the e4 allele of APO E was also taken into account. RESULTS The comparison of the patients depending on the presence or not of at least one HLA-A2 allele revealed no significant difference, whatever the group of patients studied, in the age at onset of the disease. CONCLUSION The age at onset of Alzheimer's disease was not influenced in our study by the presence of the HLA-A2 allele.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Nourhashémi
- Service de médecine interne et de gérontologie clinique, CHU Purpan-Casselardit,
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Battioni P, Renaud JP, Bartoli JF, Reina-Artiles M, Fort M, Mansuy D. Monooxygenase-like oxidation of hydrocarbons by hydrogen peroxide catalyzed by manganese porphyrins and imidazole: selection of the best catalytic system and nature of the active oxygen species. J Am Chem Soc 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ja00233a023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 378] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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29
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Fort M, Lesley R, Davidson N, Menon S, Brombacher F, Leach M, Rennick D. IL-4 exacerbates disease in a Th1 cell transfer model of colitis. J Immunol 2001; 166:2793-800. [PMID: 11160346 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.166.4.2793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
IL-4 is associated with Th2-type immune responses and can either inhibit or, in some cases, promote Th1-type responses. We tested the effect of IL-4 treatment on the development of inflammation in the CD4(+)CD45RB(high) T cell transfer model of colitis, which has been characterized as a Th1-dependent disease. IL-4 treatment significantly accelerated the development of colitis in immunodeficient recipients (recombinase-activating gene-2 (Rag2)(-/-)) of CD4(+)CD45RB(high) T cells. Quantitative analysis of mRNA expression in the colons of IL-4-treated mice showed an up-regulation of both Th1- and Th2-associated molecules, including IFN-gamma, IP-10, MIG, CXCR3, chemokine receptor-8, and IL-4. However, cotreatment with either IL-10 or anti-IL-12 mAb effectively blocked the development of colitis in the presence of exogenous IL-4. These data indicate that IL-4 treatment exacerbates a Th1-mediated disease rather than induces Th2-mediated inflammation. As other cell types besides T cells express the receptor for IL-4, the proinflammatory effects of IL-4 on host cells in Rag2(-/-) recipients were assessed. IL-4 treatment was able to moderately exacerbate colitis in Rag2(-/-) mice that were reconstituted with IL-4Ralpha-deficient (IL-4Ralpha(-/-)) CD4(+)CD45RB(high) T cells, suggesting that the IL-4 has proinflammatory effects on both non-T and T cells in this model. IL-4 did not cause colitis in Rag2(-/-) mice in the absence of T cells, but did induce an increase in MHC class II expression in the lamina propria of the colon, which was blocked by cotreatment with IL-10. Together these results indicate that IL-4 can indirectly promote Th1-type inflammation in the CD4(+)CD45RB(high) T cell transfer model of colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Fort
- Department of Molecular Biology, DNAX Research Institute for Molecular and Cellular Biology, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.
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30
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Foissac A, Fort M, Clayton J, Abbal M, Raffoux C, Moine A, Bensa JC, Bignon JD, Mercier P, Cambon-Thomsen A. Microsatellites in the HLA region: HLA prediction and strategies for bone marrow donor registries. Transplant Proc 2001; 33:491-2. [PMID: 11266923 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(00)02107-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Foissac
- INSERM U 518, Faculté de médecine, Toulouse, France
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31
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Abstract
Psoriatic epidermis is characterised by a defective differentiation program leading to an abnormal permeability barrier and impaired desquamation. The corneodesmosin gene (CDSN) or "S" gene is a strong candidate in psoriasis susceptibility, due first to its genomic position ("S" gene, 160 kb telomeric to HLA-C) and second to its expression and function in the epidermis. Moreover, an association between CDSN and psoriasis vulgaris was recently shown in Caucasian populations. In order to pursue the CDSN polymorphism analysis, we determined the sequence of its alleles in 14 HLA-Cw6-positive individuals. A 4.6 kb genomic fragment encompassing the first exon, the unique intron and the coding sequence of the second exon was amplified from 8 psoriatic patients and 6 controls. Allelic discrimination was performed by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. The entire coding sequence and the intron boundaries of 27 alleles were sequenced. A total of 26 dimorphic sites were found, 23 consisting in single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 3 in triplet modifications. Five out of the 23 SNPs have not been previously reported, and among them, one causes amino-acid exchange leading to the suppression of a potential chymotrypsin site. Among the triplet modifications, one leads to deletion of one out of five consecutive valines in the protein. The high polymorphism of the gene allowed the identification of 13 different alleles. These haplotypes will permit additional family-based studies that could provide new genetic support for the involvement of CDSN in psoriasis susceptibility. Moreover, the establishment of an extensive catalogue of CDSN alleles will allow functional analyses of the different protein isoforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Guerrin
- Department of Biology and Pathology of the Cell, INSERM CJF 96-02, Toulouse-Purpan School of Medicine, University of Toulouse III (IFR30, INSERM-CNRS-UPS-CHU), Toulouse, France
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32
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Alric L, Fort M, Izopet J, Vinel JP, Bureau C, Sandre K, Charlet JP, Beraud M, Abbal M, Duffaut M. Study of host- and virus-related factors associated with spontaneous hepatitis C virus clearance. Tissue Antigens 2000; 56:154-8. [PMID: 11019916 DOI: 10.1034/j.1399-0039.2000.560207.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiologic parameters, virologic characteristics and frequency of HLA class II DR and DQ antigens were compared between 63 subjects with spontaneous hepatitis C virus clearance (group 1) and 282 patients with chronic active hepatitis C virus infection (group 2). DRB1*1101 and moreover DQB1*0301 alleles were more frequent in group 1 than in group 2 (33.8% vs. 14.7% and 64.4% vs. 28.6%; P=0.012 and P=0.003, respectively). The frequency of DQB1*02 was lower in group 1 than in group 2 (25.4% vs. 49%; P=0.04). No difference was observed in viral genotype distribution between group 1 and group 2. Univariate analysis showed that female sex and contamination by intravenous drug use were associated with self limited infection. However, by multivariate analysis, the only independent factor associated with hepatitis C virus RNA clearance was female sex (P=0.004). In conclusion, spontaneous hepatitis C virus RNA clearance is determined by class II antigens (mainly DQB1*0301) and female sex, while viral genotype plays no role.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Alric
- Service de Médecine Interne, Hopital Purpan, Toulouse, France.
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33
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Samartino LE, Fort M, Gregoret R, Schurig GG. Use of Brucella abortus vaccine strain RB51 in pregnant cows after calfhood vaccination with strain 19 in Argentina. Prev Vet Med 2000; 45:193-9. [PMID: 10821960 DOI: 10.1016/s0167-5877(00)00130-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
One hundred and seven pregnant cows, which had been calfhood vaccinated with Brucella abortus strain 19 (S-19) were revaccinated with either S-19 or strain RB51 (S-RB51). All S-19-revaccinated animals seroconverted, while none of the RB51-revaccinated animals seroconverted. Two out of 25 (8%) S-19-revaccinated animals aborted, while none of the 57 RB51-revaccinated group aborted. Four of the S-19-revaccinated animals shed S-19 in the milk for at least 7 days, while only 1 cow shed S-RB51 for at least 3 days (but <7 days) post-parturition. Revaccination of strain 19 calfhood-vaccinated, pregnant cattle with S-RB51 appears to be a safe procedure with no diagnostically negative consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- L E Samartino
- Instituto de Patobiología, INTA-CCVyA-CC. 77 Morón, 1708, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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34
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Suzuki Y, Sher A, Yap G, Park D, Neyer LE, Liesenfeld O, Fort M, Kang H, Gufwoli E. IL-10 is required for prevention of necrosis in the small intestine and mortality in both genetically resistant BALB/c and susceptible C57BL/6 mice following peroral infection with Toxoplasma gondii. J Immunol 2000; 164:5375-82. [PMID: 10799901 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.164.10.5375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The role for IL-10 in the immunopathogenesis of acute toxoplasmosis following peroral infection was examined in both genetically susceptible C57BL/6 and resistant BALB/c mice. C57BL/6-background IL-10-targeted mutant (IL-10-/-) mice all died in 2 wk after infection with 20 cysts of the ME49 strain, whereas only 20% of control mice succumbed. Histological studies revealed necrosis in the small and large intestines and livers of infected IL-10-/- mice. The necrosis in the small intestine was the most severe pathologic response and was not observed in control mice. Treatment of infected IL-10-/- mice with either anti-CD4 or anti-IFN-gamma mAb prevented intestinal pathology and significantly prolonged time to death. Treatment of these animals with anti-IL-12 mAb also prevented the pathology. Significantly greater amounts of IFN-gamma mRNA were detected in the lamina propria lymphocytes obtained from the small intestine of infected IL-10-/- mice than those from infected control mice. In common with C57BL/6-background IL-10-/- mice, BALB/c-background IL-10-/- mice all died developing intestinal pathology after infection. Control BALB/c mice all survived even after infection with 100 cysts and did not develop the intestinal lesions. Treatment with anti-IFN-gamma mAb prevented the pathology and prolonged time to death of the infected IL-10-/- mice. These results strongly suggest that IL-10 plays a critical role in down-regulating IFN-gamma production in the small intestine following sublethal peroral infection with Toxoplasma gondii and that this down-regulatory effect of IL-10 is required for prevention of development of IFN-gamma-mediated intestinal pathology and mortality in both genetically resistant BALB/c and susceptible C57BL/6 mice.
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MESH Headings
- Administration, Oral
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/administration & dosage
- Antigens, Protozoan/administration & dosage
- Antigens, Protozoan/immunology
- CD4 Antigens/immunology
- Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic
- Female
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease
- Immunity, Innate
- Injections, Intraperitoneal
- Interferon-gamma/biosynthesis
- Interferon-gamma/immunology
- Interleukin-10/deficiency
- Interleukin-10/genetics
- Interleukin-10/physiology
- Interleukin-12/immunology
- Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/genetics
- Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/immunology
- Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/mortality
- Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/pathology
- Intestinal Mucosa/immunology
- Intestinal Mucosa/metabolism
- Intestine, Small/immunology
- Intestine, Small/metabolism
- Intestine, Small/pathology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Necrosis
- Survival Analysis
- Time Factors
- Toxoplasma/immunology
- Toxoplasmosis, Animal/genetics
- Toxoplasmosis, Animal/immunology
- Toxoplasmosis, Animal/mortality
- Toxoplasmosis, Animal/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Suzuki
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Research Institute, Palo Alto Medical Foundation, Palo Alto, CA 94301, USA.
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Alvarez I, Andreu F, Buxens J, Colombo M, Dordal A, Fort M, Gutiérrez B, Farré AJ. Pharmacology of cizolirtine: a new analgesic agent. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol 2000; 22:211-21. [PMID: 10939032 DOI: 10.1358/mf.2000.22.4.584453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Cizolirtine citrate (E-4018) is a new analgesic agent with antinociceptive activity against phenylquinone (ED50 33.7 mg/kg) and acetic acid (ED50 24.4 mg/kg) in mice, against acetic acid in rats (ED50 21.3 mg/kg) and in the plantar test (ED50 26.8 mg/kg). It demonstrated antinociceptive activity in the tail-pinch and tail-flick tests (ED50s of 68.0 and 46.0 mg/kg, respectively), in both phases of the formalin test (ED50 13.8 and 2.31 mg/kg), and in the capsaicin test (ED50 7.14 mg/kg). Cizolirtine does not inhibit prostaglandin biosynthesis, it is not a ligand for opioid receptors, it does not have antiinflammatory or ulcerogenic activity, it has some antipyretic activity and shows no affinity for alpha 2-adrenergic receptors, but its analgesic effect was modified by idazoxan and by desipramine. Recent studies have shown that the analgesic effect of cizolirtine could be related, at least partially, to an inhibition of spinal substance P release.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Alvarez
- Research Department of Laboratorios Dr. Esteve, S.A., Barcelona, Spain
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36
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Alric L, Izopet J, Fort M, Vinel JP, Fontenelle P, Orfila C, Payen JL, Sandres K, Desmorat H, Charlet JP, Duffaut M, Abbal M. Study of the association between major histocompatibility complex class II genes and the response to interferon alpha in patients with chronic hepatitis C infection. Hum Immunol 1999; 60:516-23. [PMID: 10408801 DOI: 10.1016/s0198-8859(99)00021-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to determine the influence of HLA class II genes on the response to interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) in patients with chronic hepatitis C. METHODS The distribution of HLA DRB1 and DQB1 alleles was assessed in 170 caucasoïd patients treated with IFN-alpha for chronic hepatitis C. 50 patients had a long term sustained response to treatment whereas 120 patients were nonresponders. RESULTS Female sex, non-1 HCV genotype particularly genotype 2 and pretreatment low serum HCV RNA level were associated with long-term sustained response to IFN-alpha. A trend towards a higher prevalence of DRB1*07 allele in non responders than in patients with sustained response (45% vs. 28%, odds ratio 2.1; P < 0.05) on the one hand and of DQB1*06 allele in HCV genotype 1 patients with sustained response than in HCV genotype 1 nonresponders (75% vs 27.3%, odds ration 7.9; P < 0.02) on the other hand, were observed. However, none of these two differences remained significant after Bonferroni's correction. CONCLUSION Accordingly, we conclude that the response to IFN-alpha therapy is more tightly related to virus factors than to host's HLA class II genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Alric
- Service de Médecine Interne-Fédération Digestive, Hopital Purpan, Toulouse, France.
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37
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Alric L, Fort M, Izopet J, Vinel JP, Duffaut M, Abbal M. Association between genes of the major histocompatibility complex class II and the outcome of hepatitis C virus infection. J Infect Dis 1999; 179:1309-10. [PMID: 10191244 DOI: 10.1086/314739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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38
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Abstract
Autoantibodies against U small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNP) are frequently present in the serum of patients with systemic rheumatic diseases, and have been reported to be associated with HLA-DR and -DQ genes. To better define the role of HLA genes in the production of such antibodies, we studied immunogenetic associations with autoantibodies reacting with U1 RNP, U1A and SmD1 proteins, and synthetic peptides containing immunodominant linear epitopes of these proteins. Only two out of the 15 overlapping peptides of U1A (i.e. peptides 35-58 and 257-282) and three of 11 peptides of SmD1 (i.e. peptides 1-20, 44-67 and 97-119) were significantly recognized by patients' sera selected on the basis of their antibody positivity with RNP in immunodiffusion. The distribution of DRB1, DQB1 and DPB1 alleles among the anti-RNP antibody-positive patients (n = 28) and healthy control subjects was similar. Antibodies against U1A (tested in Western immunoblotting with HeLa cell extracts) were positively associated to DRB1*06 allele; antibodies reacting with SmD1 peptide 44-67 were negatively associated to DRB1*02 and DQB1*0602 alleles. No association was found between DPB1 alleles and antibodies reacting with U1A and SmD1 antigens. This first study reporting an association between autoantibodies reacting with U1A and SmD1 proteins (and peptides of these proteins), and immunogenetic markers suggest that the production of antibody subsets directed against different components (or regions of these proteins) bound to the same snRNP particle is associated with distinct MHC class II alleles.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Dumortier
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS UPR 9021, Strasbourg, France
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39
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von Freeden-Jeffry U, Davidson N, Wiler R, Fort M, Burdach S, Murray R. IL-7 deficiency prevents development of a non-T cell non-B cell-mediated colitis. J Immunol 1998; 161:5673-80. [PMID: 9820548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
IL-7 is a stromal cell-derived cytokine with a well-established physiologic role in lymphocyte biology. This report describes an unexpected role for IL-7 in the development of colitis in a T and B cell-deficient environment. Recombination-activating gene-2 (RAG-2)-deficient mice (RAG-2(-/-)) were exposed to and subsequently maintained a horizontally transmitted microbial flora that included Helicobacter hepaticus. These animals mounted a strong myeloid cell response and developed both systemic and local signs of a severe colitis. A striking infiltration of F4/80 and MHC class II-positive cells was seen in the colon and cecum of animals undergoing the disease. Mice mutant for both IL-7 and RAG-2 (IL-7/RAG-2(-/-)) that were colonized by the same flora showed no signs of myeloid responses or colitis, indicating that IL-7 plays a critical role in exacerbating a non-T cell/non-B cell-mediated chronic inflammatory response. Recombinant IL-10 protein therapy was able to prevent the occurrence of colitis in susceptible mice, suggesting a pivotal role for macrophages. The implications of a role for IL-7 in this disease model with respect to human inflammatory bowel disease are discussed.
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40
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Rauzy O, Fort M, Nourhashemi F, Alric L, Juchet H, Ecoiffier M, Abbal M, Adoue D. Relation between HLA DRB1 alleles and corticosteroid resistance in giant cell arteritis. Ann Rheum Dis 1998; 57:380-2. [PMID: 9771216 PMCID: PMC1752615 DOI: 10.1136/ard.57.6.380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the clinical usefulness of genomic HLA typing during the first two years of established giant cell arteritis (GCA). METHODS HLA typing was performed by PCR-SSO in 41 selected white patients with GCA confirmed by biopsy. Patient data were compared with those of a control group of 384 bone marrow donors (relative risk, p value and chi 2 test for each allele). Clinical features at onset and response to treatment over a two year period were evaluated in relation to the genetic pattern. RESULTS DRB1*04 was significantly increased in the GCA group (frequency of 48.78% compared with 19.79% in controls, p < 0.001). The distribution of the DRB1*04 subtypes in the GCA group was similar to that in controls. No clinical or biological differences were found in association with HLA at the time of diagnosis. Over the two year follow up, nine patients presented resistance to corticosteroid treatment and eight of these (88.88%) had DRB1*04 (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS GCA seems to be associated with HLA DRB1*04 (regardless of the subtype) and this association appears to be accompanied by corticosteroid resistance, suggesting that genomic typing may be useful to identify patients eligible for early alternative treatment to corticosteroid drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Rauzy
- Department of Internal Medicine, CHU Toulouse, France
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41
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Fort M, de Stefano GF, Cambon-Thomsen A, Giraldo-Alvarez P, Dugoujon JM, Ohayon E, Scano G, Abbal M. HLA class II allele and haplotype frequencies in Ethiopian Amhara and Oromo populations. Tissue Antigens 1998; 51:327-36. [PMID: 9583804 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.1998.tb02971.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
HLA class II alleles were identified in 181 healthy unrelated Ethiopian children of both sexes and in 350 European controls from the South of France. The Ethiopian individuals belonged to the two major ethnic groups of the country: Oromo (N=83) and Amhara (N=98). In both panels, genetic polymorphism of HLA class II alleles was analysed for the first time by molecular typing of DRB1, DQA1 and DQB1 loci. Allelic and phenotypic frequencies were compared with those of European controls and other African populations. Construction of HLA class II three-locus haplotypes was also performed. The study revealed some differences between the two groups. Characteristic features of Central and North African populations appeared on the Ethiopian HLA genotypes. Surprisingly, DRB1*11 presented one of the lowest gene frequencies in both Ethiopian ethnic groups in contrast to Europeans and West Africans. Furthermore, this decrease was more marked than those observed using serological techniques in other geographically close East African countries. Oromo and Amhara only showed minor differences in spite of their different origins and histories. One significant difference consisted of a lower DRB1*01 gene frequency in Oromo as reported in most West African people. Some new or rare haplotypes were also observed in the Oromo group. Our results underline the distinctive features of the Ethiopian populations among the few HLA genotyping data available for East African groups and emphasise the major interest of such investigations in this region of Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Fort
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rangueil, Toulouse, France
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42
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Fisas MA, Gutiérrez B, Fort M, Dordal A, García C, Farré AJ. General pharmacological profile and effects of E-4716, a novel histamine receptor blocker, on the central nervous system. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol 1998; 20:199-210. [PMID: 9646282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The general pharmacological profile and effects of E-4716 on the CNS have been investigated in comparison with other histamine receptor blockers. In in vitro studies with isolated organs and in binding studies on numerous receptors, E-4716 had no activity even at high concentrations, except for the selective blockade of H1 receptors. No activity was observed in pharmacological trials in vivo, such as the Irwin test or analgesia induced by phenylbenzoquinone or electroshock, suggesting a depressant activity on the CNS. In tests potentiating hypnosis induced by barbiturates, benzodiazepines and ethanol in mice, E-4716 always showed milder potentiating effects than the other reference drugs. In monkeys, no sedating effects were observed at 200 mg/kg, p.o. These results suggest that E-4716 exhibits good clinical efficacy without any secondary effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Fisas
- Laboratorios Dr. Esteve, S.A., Barcelona, Spain
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43
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Lenfant F, Fort M, Rodriguez AM, Campan A, Aguerre-Girr M, Sommer E, Abbal M, Ohayon E, Le Bouteiller P. Absence of imprinting of HLA class Ia genes leads to co-expression of biparental alleles on term human trophoblast cells upon IFN-gamma induction. Immunogenetics 1998; 47:297-304. [PMID: 9472065 DOI: 10.1007/s002510050361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Human trophoblast cells have developed various efficient regulatory mechanisms to prevent cell surface expression of the classical HLA-A, -B, and (but not always) -C class I molecules. This allows them to escape maternal alloimmune attack during pregnancy. However, recent results have demonstrated that such a lack of expression could be reversed in villous cytotrophoblast cells purified from term placenta by in vitro IFN-gamma treatment. In this context, we investigated whether both maternal and paternal HLA class Ia antigens were co-dominantly expressed in such trophoblast cells. Using polymerase chain reaction sequence-specific primers for HLA-A and HLA-C alleles, we detected transcripts of both paternal and maternal origins, showing that these genes were not affected by genomic imprinting, at least in term placenta. After in vitro IFN-gamma treatment, the polymorphic HLA-A and HLA-B antigens of both parental origins become detectable at the cell surface, as assessed by flow cytometry and/or complement-dependent microtoxicity test. Appearance of paternal antigens on trophoblast cells upon IFN-gamma induction raises the question of the in vivo biological consequences of this phenomena, in term of materno-fetal tolerance and in particular of a potential allogeneic cytotoxic immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Lenfant
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U.395, CHU Purpan, Toulouse, France
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Alric L, Fort M, Izopet J, Vinel JP, Charlet JP, Selves J, Puel J, Pascal JP, Duffaut M, Abbal M. Genes of the major histocompatibility complex class II influence the outcome of hepatitis C virus infection. Gastroenterology 1997; 113:1675-81. [PMID: 9352872 DOI: 10.1053/gast.1997.v113.pm9352872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The host's immune response may influence the course of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution of HLA class II alleles in white subjects who spontaneously recovered from HCV infection compared with that in patients with persistent infection. METHODS HLA-DRB1 and -DQB1 typing were performed in 103 consecutive patients with persistent HCV infection (HCV antibody positive, HCV RNA positive) and in 25 subjects with transient HCV infection (HCV antibody positive, persistently negative HCV RNA). RESULTS No significant differences between subjects with transient or persistent infection were observed for age, sex, source of infection, or HCV serotype. The frequency of DQB1*0301 and DRB1*1101 alleles was higher in patients with transient infection than in those with persistent infection (84% vs. 30.8%, 40% vs. 9.8%; P < 0.01 and P < 0.02, respectively [Bonferroni correction]). DRB1 and DQB1 alleles did not influence viral load as an independent factor. Mean Knodell's scores were lower in patients with DQB1*0301 allele (6.12 +/- 0.4) than in those negative for DQB1*0301 (7.37 +/- 0.3; P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that host- rather than virus-related factors are probably involved in the spontaneous clearance of HCV.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Alric
- Service de Médecine Interne, Hôpital Purpan, INSERM Unité CJF-9107, Toulouse, France
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Neyer LE, Grunig G, Fort M, Remington JS, Rennick D, Hunter CA. Role of interleukin-10 in regulation of T-cell-dependent and T-cell-independent mechanisms of resistance to Toxoplasma gondii. Infect Immun 1997; 65:1675-82. [PMID: 9125546 PMCID: PMC175195 DOI: 10.1128/iai.65.5.1675-1682.1997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a cytokine which can inhibit T-cell and natural killer (NK) cell functions associated with cell-mediated immunity to intracellular infections. The production of IL-10 by mice infected with Toxoplasma gondii has been implicated in the suppression of lymphocyte proliferation observed during acute toxoplasmosis, as well as susceptibility to infection with this parasite. We have used C57BL/6 mice which lack a functional IL-10 gene (IL-10(-/-) mice) to investigate the role of IL-10 in acute toxoplasmosis. Intraperitoneal infection of IL-10(-/-) mice with T. gondii resulted in 100% mortality by day 13, whereas wild-type C57BL/6 (WT) mice survived acute infection. IL-10(-/-) mice infected with T. gondii had significantly higher serum levels of IL-12 and gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) than WT mice. Early mortality of infected IL-10(-/-) mice was prevented by treatment with IL-10 and significantly delayed by neutralizing antibodies to IL-12 and IFN-gamma. Further studies revealed that SCID/IL-10(-/-) mice infected with T. gondii had delayed time to death compared to IL-10(-/-) mice, indicating that lymphocytes contributed to death of IL-10(-/-) mice. In addition, infected SCID/IL-10(-/-) mice survived longer than infected SCID mice. These latter data indicate that in mice lacking lymphocytes, endogenous IL-10 is associated with increased susceptibility to T. gondii. However, the lack of IL-10 does not alter the infection-induced suppression of T cell and NK cell functions. Our experiments reveal that IL-10 is associated with protection or increased susceptibility to infection with T. gondii, depending on whether mice possess lymphocytes, and demonstrate the important roles of IL-12 and IFN-gamma in the early infection-induced mortality observed in the IL-10(-/-) mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- L E Neyer
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Research Institute, Palo Alto Medical Foundation, California 94301, USA
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46
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Hunter CA, Ellis-Neyes LA, Slifer T, Kanaly S, Grünig G, Fort M, Rennick D, Araujo FG. IL-10 is required to prevent immune hyperactivity during infection with Trypanosoma cruzi. The Journal of Immunology 1997. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.158.7.3311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Previous studies have associated the production of IL-10 with suppression of the protective cell-mediated immune response to Trypanosoma cruzi. To further understand the role of IL-10 in the resistance to and pathogenesis of Chagas' disease, we infected C57BL/6 wild-type (IL-10 +/+) or C57BL/6 IL-10 knockout (IL-10 -/-) mice with the virulent Tulahuen strain of T. cruzi. IL-10 -/- mice had a lower parasite burden and higher levels of serum TNF-alpha, IL-12, and IFN-gamma compared with infected IL-10 +/+ mice. However, infection resulted in earlier mortality of IL-10 -/- mice compared with IL-10 +/+ controls. The earlier mortality of IL-10 -/- mice could be reversed by administering rIL-10 or a neutralizing Ab specific for IL-12. A role for T cells in the early mortality of IL-10 -/- mice was suggested by experiments in which SCID IL-10 -/- mice infected with T. cruzi had a delay in time to death and significantly lower serum levels of IFN-gamma compared with IL-10 -/- mice. Furthermore, treatment of infected IL-10 -/- mice with a mAb specific for CD4 resulted in reduced serum levels of IFN-gamma and a delay in time to death. Altogether, our results demonstrate for the first time that during infection with T. cruzi there is a critical requirement for IL-10 to prevent the development of a pathologic immune response associated with CD4+ T cells and overproduction of IL-12.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Hunter
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, USA.
| | - L A Ellis-Neyes
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, USA.
| | - T Slifer
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, USA.
| | - S Kanaly
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, USA.
| | - G Grünig
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, USA.
| | - M Fort
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, USA.
| | - D Rennick
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, USA.
| | - F G Araujo
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, USA.
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47
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Hunter CA, Ellis-Neyes LA, Slifer T, Kanaly S, Grünig G, Fort M, Rennick D, Araujo FG. IL-10 is required to prevent immune hyperactivity during infection with Trypanosoma cruzi. J Immunol 1997; 158:3311-6. [PMID: 9120288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have associated the production of IL-10 with suppression of the protective cell-mediated immune response to Trypanosoma cruzi. To further understand the role of IL-10 in the resistance to and pathogenesis of Chagas' disease, we infected C57BL/6 wild-type (IL-10 +/+) or C57BL/6 IL-10 knockout (IL-10 -/-) mice with the virulent Tulahuen strain of T. cruzi. IL-10 -/- mice had a lower parasite burden and higher levels of serum TNF-alpha, IL-12, and IFN-gamma compared with infected IL-10 +/+ mice. However, infection resulted in earlier mortality of IL-10 -/- mice compared with IL-10 +/+ controls. The earlier mortality of IL-10 -/- mice could be reversed by administering rIL-10 or a neutralizing Ab specific for IL-12. A role for T cells in the early mortality of IL-10 -/- mice was suggested by experiments in which SCID IL-10 -/- mice infected with T. cruzi had a delay in time to death and significantly lower serum levels of IFN-gamma compared with IL-10 -/- mice. Furthermore, treatment of infected IL-10 -/- mice with a mAb specific for CD4 resulted in reduced serum levels of IFN-gamma and a delay in time to death. Altogether, our results demonstrate for the first time that during infection with T. cruzi there is a critical requirement for IL-10 to prevent the development of a pathologic immune response associated with CD4+ T cells and overproduction of IL-12.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Hunter
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, USA.
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48
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Gutiérrez B, Dordal A, Fort M, Galicia J, Farré AJ. Effects of E-4716, a new antihistaminic with antiallergic properties, on chemical mediators induction of immunologic reactions. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol 1996; 18:397-406. [PMID: 8892269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The effects of E-4716 on chemical mediators were compared with those of classical antihistaminics and other second generation (nonsedating) drugs normally used in the therapy of allergic reactions, such as astemizole, terfenadine and ebastine, in a series of in vitro and in vivo tests. In vitro, antihistaminic activity was demonstrated in a test on isolated organs and a binding test on histamine receptors, with no anticholinergic activity observed. A high antihistaminic activity was also shown in in vivo tests on chemical mediators release by compound 48/80, histamine-induced bronchospasm in anesthetized guinea pigs and histamine-induced cutaneous reaction in beagle dogs. The antiallergic activity was studied in passive cutaneous anaphylaxis test using ovalbumin antibodies. Astemizole and E-4716 had similar activities with ED50 values of 0.8 and 0.5 mg/kg, respectively, whereas terfenadine (ED50 = 4.5) was less active. E-4716 also inhibited the vascular permeability response in histamine-stimulated conjunctivitis model after topical ocular administration (ED50 = 0.002, 0.0002, 0.015 and 1.2% at 30 min and 6, 12 and 24 h, respectively). E-4716 had a high and selective antihistaminic and antiallergic activity by all routes of administration (oral, i.v., i.p., topical ocular and inhalation). These results, combined with its low toxicity and lack of central effects, indicate that E-4716 has excellent potential for therapeutic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Gutiérrez
- Laboratorios Dr. Esteve, S.A., Barcelona, Spain
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49
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Fort M, Dugoujon J, Scano G, Ohayon E, Abbal M, De Stefano G. HLA class II alleles and GM alleles frequencies in ethiopian Oromo and Amhara populations. Hum Immunol 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0198-8859(96)85459-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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50
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Hariti G, Fort M, Dugoujon J, Sevin A, Cambon Thomsen A, Bouissou H, Issad M, Ohayon E, Abbal M. HLA and GM allotypes study of one hundred healthy people from M'ZAB. Hum Immunol 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0198-8859(96)84998-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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