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Shuval K, Qadan M, Leonard D, Barlow CE, Drope J, DiPietro L, Oetjen R, Li Q, DeFina LF. Pandemic-Related Life Events and Physical Inactivity During COVID-19 Among Israeli Adults: The Smoking and Lifestyles in Israel Study. J Phys Act Health 2023; 20:45-49. [PMID: 36379212 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2022-0267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Public health measures to contain the COVID-19 pandemic have led to disruptions in daily life, such as job loss and changes in activity. The present study examines the relationship between pandemic-related life events and disuse (prolonged sitting coupled with inactivity) among adults. METHODS A cross-sectional study of 4084 adults in Israel (September 2020). The primary independent variables were pandemic-related life events, such as job loss. The primary dependent variable was disuse as measured by the Rapid Assessment Disuse Index (RADI). The RADI was examined continuously and dichotomously as a low RADI score (<26: yes/no). RESULTS Linear regression indicated that experiencing a major life event during the pandemic was associated with lower RADI scores (-1.04; 95% confidence interval, -1.48 to -0.61). Similarly, logistic regression revealed that those experiencing a major life event had 1.18 (95% confidence interval, 1.03 to 1.34) times greater odds for low RADI scores in comparison to those not experiencing an event. CONCLUSIONS Experiencing pandemic-related major life events was linked to less sitting time and increased activity levels among Israeli adults. Future research should examine underlying mechanisms explaining this relationship to facilitate the design and implementation of targeted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerem Shuval
- Department of Research, The Cooper Institute, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Mahmoud Qadan
- Faculty of Social Sciences, School of Business Administration, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - David Leonard
- Department of Research, The Cooper Institute, Dallas, TX, USA
| | | | - Jeffrey Drope
- Health Policy & Administration, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Loretta DiPietro
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Reid Oetjen
- School of Global Health Management and Informatics, College of Community Innovation and Education, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Research, The Cooper Institute, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Laura F DeFina
- Department of Research, The Cooper Institute, Dallas, TX, USA
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Shuval K, Leonard D, DeFina LF, Barlow CE, Drope J, Amir O, Gneezy A, Tzafrir S, Chartier KG, Qadan M. Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Depression Symptoms among Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cooper Center Longitudinal Study. Prev Med Rep 2022; 30:102065. [PMCID: PMC9677558 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2022.102065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined the relation between cardiorespiratory fitness (fitness) and depression symptoms prior to and during COVID-19 among adults seeking preventive medical care. Participants consisted of 967 patients attending the Cooper Clinic (Dallas, TX) pre-pandemic (March 2018-December 2019) and during the pandemic (March-December 2020). The outcome, depression symptoms, was based on the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression (CES-D). Maximal metabolic equivalents task (MET) levels for fitness were determined from the final treadmill speed and grade. Multiple linear regression models were computed by sex. Analysis revealed that mean fitness decreased from 11.4 METs (SD=2.1) prior to the pandemic to 10.9 METs (SD=2.3) during the pandemic (p-value<0.001). The mean CES-D score increased from 2.8 (SD= 3.1) before to pandemic to 3.1 (SD=3.2) during the pandemic (p-value=0.003). Results from multiple linear regression indicate that increased fitness was associated with a statistically significant decrease in depression scores in men (-0.17 per MET; 95%CI -0.33, -0.02) but not women. This modest decrease may have been tempered by high fitness levels and low depression scores at baseline in this well-educated sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerem Shuval
- The Cooper Institute, Dallas, Texas 75230, USA,School of Business Administration, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel,School of Public Health, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel,Corresponding author
| | | | | | | | - Jeffrey Drope
- Health Policy & Administration, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - On Amir
- Rady School of Management, University of California San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Ayelet Gneezy
- Rady School of Management, University of California San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Shay Tzafrir
- School of Business Administration, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
| | - Karen G. Chartier
- School of Social Work and Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Mahmoud Qadan
- School of Business Administration, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
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Shuval K, Stoklosa M, Nargis N, Drope J, Tzafrir S, Keinan-Boker L, DeFina LF, Qadan M. Cigarette Prices and Smoking Behavior in Israel: Findings from a National Study of Adults (2002-2017). Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph18168367. [PMID: 34444117 PMCID: PMC8394522 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18168367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Tobacco taxation and price policies are considered the most effective for lowering demand for tobacco products. While this statement is based on research from numerous countries, scant evidence exists on this topic for Israel. Accordingly, we assessed the association between cigarette prices and smoking prevalence and intensity from a national sample of adults in Israel (2002-2017). Data on smoking behavior were derived from the Israeli Knowledge Attitudes and Practices (KAP) survey, a repeated cross-sectional survey. Price information is from the Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) since it was not collected in the KAP survey. We used the price of a pack of 20 cigarettes for Marlboro and the local brand. These two price variables were the primary independent variables, and we adjusted for inflation. The dependent variables were current smoking (yes/no) and smoking intensity, defined as the number of cigarettes smoked per week. Multivariable analysis was employed using a two-part model while adjusting for covariates. The first step of the model utilized logistic regression with current smoking as the dependent variable. The second step examining smoking intensity as the dependent variable, used OLS regression. Price elasticity was estimated as well. Analysis revealed that a one-unit increase (Israeli currency) in the price of local brand of cigarettes was related to 2.0% (OR = 0.98; 95%CI 0.98, 0.99) lower odds of being a current smoker, adjusting for covariates including household income. Moreover, a one unit increase in the price of the local brand of cigarettes was related to consuming 1.49 (95% CI -1.97, -1.00) fewer weekly cigarettes, controlling for household income and covariates. Similar results were found with the Marlboro cigarette prices. The total price elasticity of cigarette demand, given by the sum of price elasticities of smoking prevalence and intensity, showed that a 10.0% increase in the price is associated with a 4.6-9.2% lower cigarette consumption among Israeli adults. Thus, increasing cigarette prices will likely lead to a reduction in cigarette smoking thereby improving public health in Israel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerem Shuval
- School of Business Administration, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel; (S.T.); (M.Q.)
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Social Welfare & Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel;
- The Cooper Institute, Dallas, TX 75230, USA;
- Correspondence:
| | - Michal Stoklosa
- Institute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60608, USA;
| | - Nigar Nargis
- Economic and Health Policy Research, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA;
| | - Jeffrey Drope
- Health Policy & Administration, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60608, USA;
| | - Shay Tzafrir
- School of Business Administration, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel; (S.T.); (M.Q.)
| | - Lital Keinan-Boker
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Social Welfare & Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel;
- Israel Center for Disease Control, Ministry of Health, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan 5262160, Israel
| | | | - Mahmoud Qadan
- School of Business Administration, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel; (S.T.); (M.Q.)
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Abstract
This study explores the interplay between public measures adopted by the U.S. government to combat COVID-19 and the performance of the American hospitality industry. The recent global pandemic is a natural experiment for exploring the role of government interventions and their direct impact on hospitality stock returns in the U.S. financial market. Overall, our findings show that most of the government interventions were associated with a negative response in the returns of the hospitality industry, a response that became more negative as the COVID-19 pandemic evolved. Similar patterns were also detected for other industries such as entertainment and transportation that are closely related to hospitality. The findings we document are fundamental to understanding the trends and fluctuations in hospitality stocks in the current crisis and any similar crisis in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arie Jacobi
- Department of Business Administration, Ono Academic College, Kiryat Ono, Israel
| | - Eli Cohen
- Department of Management, Guilford Glazer Faculty of Business and Management, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Joseph Tzur
- Department of Economics and Accounting, Ruppin Academic Center, Emek Hefer, Israel
| | - Mahmoud Qadan
- Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Management, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
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Shuval K, Marroquin EM, Li Q, Knell G, Pettee Gabriel K, Drope J, Yaroch AL, Chartier KG, Fennis BM, Qadan M. Long-term weight loss success and the health behaviours of adults in the USA: findings from a nationally representative cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e047743. [PMID: 34261685 PMCID: PMC8281097 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-047743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the relationship between long-term weight loss (LTWL) success and lifestyle behaviours among US adults. DESIGN Serial cross-sectional data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey cycles 2007-2014. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Population-based nationally representative sample. The analytic sample included 3040 adults aged 20-64 years who tried to lose weight in the past year. MEASURES Participants were grouped into five LTWL categories (<5%, 5%-9.9%, 10%-14.9%, 15%-19.9% and ≥20%). Lifestyle-related behaviours included the following: alcohol intake, physical activity, smoking, fast-food consumption, dietary quality (Healthy Eating Index (HEI)) and caloric intake. Multivariable regression was employed adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, marital status, education, household income and size, current body mass index and self-reported health status. RESULTS Individuals in the 15%-19.9% LTWL group differed significantly from the reference group (<5% LTWL) in their physical activity and dietary quality (HEI) but not caloric intake. Specifically, they had a higher HEI score (β=3.19; 95% CI 0.39 to 5.99) and were more likely to meet physical activity guidelines (OR=1.99; 95% CI 1.11 to 3.55). In comparison, the ≥20% LTWL group was significantly more likely to smoke (OR=1.63; 95% CI 1.03 to 2.57) and to consume lower daily calories (β=-202.91; 95% CI -345.57 to -60.25) than the reference group; however, dietary quality and physical activity did not significantly differ. CONCLUSION Among a national sample of adults, a higher level of LTWL success does not necessarily equate to healthy weight loss behaviours. Future research should attempt to design interventions aimed at facilitating weight loss success while encouraging healthy lifestyle behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerem Shuval
- School of Business Administration, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
- The Cooper Institute, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Elisa Morales Marroquin
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, Texas, USA
- The Center for Pediatric Population Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Qing Li
- American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Gregory Knell
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, Texas, USA
- The Center for Pediatric Population Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Dallas, Texas, USA
- Children's Health Andrews Institute for Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Plano, Texas, USA
| | - Kelley Pettee Gabriel
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Jeffrey Drope
- Department of Health Policy and Administration, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Amy L Yaroch
- Gretchen Swanson Center for Nutrition, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Karen G Chartier
- School of Social Work and Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Bob M Fennis
- Department of Marketing, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mahmoud Qadan
- School of Business Administration, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
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6
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Weniger M, Hank T, Qadan M, Ciprani D, Michelakos T, Niess H, Heiliger C, Ilmer M, D'Haese JG, Ferrone CR, Warshaw AL, Lillemoe KD, Werner J, Liss A, Fernández-Del Castillo C. Influence of Klebsiella pneumoniae and quinolone treatment on prognosis in patients with pancreatic cancer. Br J Surg 2021; 108:709-716. [PMID: 34157083 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.12003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An increasing body of evidence suggests that microbiota may promote progression of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). It was hypothesized that gammaproteobacteria (such as Klebsiella pneumoniae) influence survival in PDAC, and that quinolone treatment may attenuate this effect. METHODS This was a retrospective study of patients from the Massachusetts General Hospital (USA) and Ludwig-Maximilians-University (Germany) who underwent preoperative treatment and pancreatoduodenectomy for locally advanced or borderline resectable PDAC between January 2007 and December 2017, and for whom a bile culture was available. Associations between tumour characteristics, survival data, antibiotic use and results of intraoperative bile cultures were investigated. Survival was analysed using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression analysis. RESULTS Analysis of a total of 211 patients revealed that an increasing number of pathogen species found in intraoperative bile cultures was associated with a decrease in progression-free survival (PFS) (-1·9 (95 per cent c.i. -3·3 to -0·5) months per species; P = 0·009). Adjuvant treatment with gemcitabine improved PFS in patients who were negative for K. pneumoniae (26·2 versus 15·3 months; P = 0·039), but not in those who tested positive (19·5 versus 13·2 months; P = 0·137). Quinolone treatment was associated with improved median overall survival (OS) independent of K. pneumoniae status (48·8 versus 26·2 months; P = 0·006) and among those who tested positive for K. pneumoniae (median not reached versus 18·8 months; P = 0·028). Patients with quinolone-resistant K. pneumoniae had shorter PFS than those with quinolone-sensitive K. pneumoniae (9·1 versus 18·8 months; P = 0·001). CONCLUSION K. pneumoniae may promote chemoresistance to adjuvant gemcitabine, and quinolone treatment is associated with improved survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Weniger
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - T Hank
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - M Qadan
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - D Ciprani
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - T Michelakos
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - H Niess
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - C Heiliger
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - M Ilmer
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - J G D'Haese
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - C R Ferrone
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - A L Warshaw
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - K D Lillemoe
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - J Werner
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - A Liss
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - C Fernández-Del Castillo
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Roberts H, Grassberger C, Van Seventer E, Fernandez-Del Casti C, Ferrone C, Qadan M, Ryan D, Clark J, Parikh A, Allen J, Weekes C, Nipp R, Eyler C, Wo J, Hong T. Dose Escalation Radiation with IORT for Unresectable Pancreatic Cancer in the Era of FOLFIRINOX. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.1805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Ciprani D, Weniger M, Qadan M, Hank T, Horick NK, Harrison JM, Marchegiani G, Andrianello S, Pandharipande PV, Ferrone CR, Lillemoe KD, Warshaw AL, Bassi C, Salvia R, Fernández-Del Castillo C. Risk of malignancy in small pancreatic cysts decreases over time. Pancreatology 2020; 20:1213-1217. [PMID: 32819844 PMCID: PMC8168401 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2020.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic cysts <15 mm without worrisome features have practically no risk of malignancy at the time of diagnosis but this can change over time. Optimal duration of follow-up is a matter of debate. We evaluated predictors of malignancy and attempted to identify a time to safely discontinue surveillance. METHODS Bi-centric study utilizing prospectively collected databases of patients with pancreatic cysts measuring <15 mm and without worrisome features who underwent surveillance at the Massachusetts General Hospital (1988-2017) and at the University of Verona Hospital Trust (2000-2016). The risk of malignant transformation was assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method and parametric survival models, and predictors of malignancy were evaluated using Cox regression. RESULTS 806 patients were identified. Median follow-up was 58 months (6-347). Over time, 58 (7.2%) cysts were resected and of those, 11 had high grade dysplasia (HGD) or invasive cancer. Three additional patients had unresectable cancer for a total rate of malignancy of 1.7%. Predictors of development of malignancy included an increase in size ≥2.5 mm/year (HR = 29.54, 95% CI: 9.39-92.91, P < 0.001) and the development of worrisome features (HR = 9.17, 95% CI: 2.99-28.10, P = 0.001). Comparison of parametric survival models suggested that the risk of malignancy decreased after three years of surveillance and was lower than 0.2% after five years. CONCLUSIONS Pancreatic cysts <15 mm at the time of diagnosis have a very low risk of malignant transformation. Our findings indicate the risk decreases over time. Size increase of ≥2.5 mm/year is the strongest predictor of malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ciprani
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of General and Pancreatic Surgery, The Pancreas Institute, University of Verona Hospital Trust, Verona, Italy
| | - M Weniger
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M Qadan
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - T Hank
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - N K Horick
- Biostatistics Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J M Harrison
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - G Marchegiani
- Department of General and Pancreatic Surgery, The Pancreas Institute, University of Verona Hospital Trust, Verona, Italy
| | - S Andrianello
- Department of General and Pancreatic Surgery, The Pancreas Institute, University of Verona Hospital Trust, Verona, Italy
| | - P V Pandharipande
- Department of Radiology, Institute for Technology Assessment, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - C R Ferrone
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - K D Lillemoe
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A L Warshaw
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - C Bassi
- Department of General and Pancreatic Surgery, The Pancreas Institute, University of Verona Hospital Trust, Verona, Italy
| | - R Salvia
- Department of General and Pancreatic Surgery, The Pancreas Institute, University of Verona Hospital Trust, Verona, Italy
| | - C Fernández-Del Castillo
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Ciprani D, Morales-Oyarvide V, Qadan M, Hank T, Weniger M, Harrison JM, Rodrigues C, Horick NK, Mino-Kenudson M, Ferrone CR, Warshaw AL, Lillemoe KD, Fernández-Del Castillo C. An elevated CA 19-9 is associated with invasive cancer and worse survival in IPMN. Pancreatology 2020; 20:729-735. [PMID: 32332003 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2020.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current guidelines for IPMN include an elevated serum carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9 among the worrisome features. However, the correlation of CA 19-9 with histological malignant features and survival is unclear. Serum CEA is also currently used for preoperative management of IPMN, although its measurement is not evidence-based. Accordingly, we aimed to assess the role of these tumor markers as predictors of malignancy in IPMN. METHODS IPMN resected between 1998 and 2018 at Massachusetts General Hospital were analyzed. Clinical, pathological and survival data were collected and compared to preoperative levels of CA 19-9 and CEA. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and Cox regression analyses were performed considering cut-offs of 37 U/ml (CA 19-9) and 5 μg/l (CEA). RESULTS Analysis of 594 patients showed that preoperative CA 19-9 levels > 37 U/ml (n = 128) were associated with an increased likelihood of invasive carcinoma when compared to normal levels (45.3% vs. 18.0%, P < 0.001), while there was no difference with respect to high-grade dysplasia (32.9% vs 31.9%, P = 0.88). The proportion of concurrent pancreatic cancer was higher in patients with CA 19-9 > 37 U/ml (17.2% vs 4.9%, P < 0.001). An elevated CA 19-9 was also associated with worse overall and disease-free survival (HR = 1.943, P = 0.007 and HR = 2.484, P < 0.001 respectively). CEA levels did not correlate with malignancy. CONCLUSION In patients with IPMN, serum CA19-9 > 37 U/ml is associated with invasive IPMN and concurrent pancreatic cancer as well as worse survival, but not with high-grade dysplasia. Serum CEA appears to have minimal utility in the management of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ciprani
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - V Morales-Oyarvide
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M Qadan
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - T Hank
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M Weniger
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J M Harrison
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - C Rodrigues
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - N K Horick
- Biostatistics Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M Mino-Kenudson
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - C R Ferrone
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A L Warshaw
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - K D Lillemoe
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - C Fernández-Del Castillo
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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10
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Sandini M, Ruscic KJ, Ferrone CR, Qadan M, Eikermann M, Warshaw AL, Lillemoe KD, Castillo CFD. Major Complications Independently Increase Long-Term Mortality After Pancreatoduodenectomy for Cancer. J Gastrointest Surg 2019; 23:1984-1990. [PMID: 30225794 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-018-3939-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postoperative major morbidity has been associated with worse survival gastrointestinal tumors. This association remains controversial in pancreatic cancer (PC). We analyzed whether major complications after surgical resection affect long-term survival. METHODS Records of all PC patients resected from 2007 to 2015 were reviewed. Major morbidity was defined as any grade-3 or higher 30-day complications, per the Clavien-Dindo Classification. Patients who died within 90 days after surgery were excluded from survival analysis. RESULTS Of 616 patients, 81.7% underwent pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) and 18.3% distal pancreatectomy (DP). Major complications occurred in 19.1% after PD and 15.9% after DP. In patients who survived > 90 days, the likelihood of receiving adjuvant treatment was 43.9% if major complications had occurred, vs. 68.5% if not (p < 0.001), and those who received it started the treatment median 10 days later compared with uncomplicated patients (median 60 days (50-72) vs. 50 days (41-61), p = 0.001). By univariate analysis, in addition to the conventional pathology-related prognostic determinants and the receipt of adjuvant treatment, major complications worsened long-term survival after PD (median OS 26 months vs. 15, p = 0.008). A difference was also seen after DP, but it did not reach statistical significance, likely related to the small sample size (median OS 33 months vs. 18, p = 0.189). At multivariate analysis for PD, major postoperative complications remained independently associated with worse survival [HR 1.37, 95%CI (1.01-1.86)]. CONCLUSIONS Major surgical complications after pancreaticoduodenectomy are associated with worse long-term survival in pancreatic cancer. This effect is independent of the receipt of adjuvant treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sandini
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 15 Parkman ST, Boston, MA, 02114-02115, USA
| | - K J Ruscic
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - C R Ferrone
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 15 Parkman ST, Boston, MA, 02114-02115, USA
| | - M Qadan
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 15 Parkman ST, Boston, MA, 02114-02115, USA
| | - M Eikermann
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A L Warshaw
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 15 Parkman ST, Boston, MA, 02114-02115, USA
| | - K D Lillemoe
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 15 Parkman ST, Boston, MA, 02114-02115, USA
| | - Carlos Fernández-Del Castillo
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 15 Parkman ST, Boston, MA, 02114-02115, USA.
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11
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Perni S, Hong T, Noe B, Casti CFD, Ferrone C, Lillemoe K, Allen J, Parikh A, Nipp R, Ryan D, Qadan M, Clark J, Weekes C, Wo J. Local Therapy for a Systemic Disease: Indications and Impact of Radiation Therapy to the Pancreatic Primary in Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.06.1922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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12
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Smart A, Hong T, Petkovska N, Noe B, Zhu A, Ferrone C, Tanabe K, Allen J, Drapek L, Qadan M, Murphy J, Goyal L, Wo J. Hypofractionated Radiation Therapy for Unresectable/Locally Recurrent Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.06.1987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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13
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Bitterman D, Sanford N, Niemierko A, Mahal B, Qadan M, Ganguli S, Blaszkowsky L, Zhu A, Hong T, Devlin P, Goyal L, Wo J. Patterns of Care and Outcomes of Definitive External Beam Radiotherapy and Radioembolization for Localized Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Propensity Score-Adjusted Analysis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.06.2057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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14
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Sultan P, Qadan M, Pushpanathan E, Carvalho B. A practical guide to undertaking out of programme experience in the United States of America. Br J Hosp Med (Lond) 2010; 71:M158-9. [PMID: 20944517 DOI: 10.12968/hmed.2010.71.sup10.78984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P Sultan
- Stanford University School of Medicine, California, CA 94305, USA
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15
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Polk HC, Qadan M. Prevention of venous thromboembolism after elective surgery is better influenced by judgement than by protocols. Br J Surg 2010; 97:1315-7. [PMID: 20645394 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.7224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H C Polk
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine and Price Institute of Surgical Research, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, USA.
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16
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Abstract
Abstract
Background
Morbidity and mortality associated with bacterial peritonitis remain a challenge for contemporary surgery. Despite great surgical improvements, death rates have not improved. A secondary debate concerns the volume and nature of peritoneal lavage or washout—what volume, what carrier and what, if any, antibiotic or antiseptic?
Methods
A literature search of experimental studies assessing the effect of peritoneal lavage following peritonitis was conducted using Medline, EMBASE and Cochrane databases. Twenty-three trials met predetermined inclusion criteria. Data were pooled and relative risks calculated.
Results
In an experimental peritonitis setting a mortality rate of 48·9 per cent (238 of 487) was found for saline lavage compared with 16·4 per cent (106 of 647) for antibiotic lavage (absolute risk reduction (ARR) 32·5 (95 per cent confidence interval (c.i.) 27·1 to 37·7) per cent; (P < 0·001). An ARR of 25·0 (95 per cent c.i. 17·9 to 31·7) per cent P < 0·001) was found for the use of saline compared with no lavage at all. The survival benefit persisted regardless of systemic antibiotic therapy. Antiseptic lavage was associated with a very high mortality rate (75·0 per cent).
Conclusion
Pooled data from studies in experimental peritonitis demonstrated a significant reduction in mortality with antibiotic lavage.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Qadan
- Price Institute of Surgical Research, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - D Dajani
- Price Institute of Surgical Research, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - A Dickinson
- Price Institute of Surgical Research, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - H C Polk
- Department of Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
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17
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Paterson HM, Qadan M, de Luca SM, Nixon SJ, Paterson-Brown S. Authors' reply: Changing trends in surgery for acute appendicitis ( Br J Surg 2008; 95: 363–368). Br J Surg 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/bjs.6367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H M Paterson
- Clinical and Surgical Sciences (Surgery), Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, UK
| | - M Qadan
- Clinical and Surgical Sciences (Surgery), Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, UK
| | - S M de Luca
- Clinical and Surgical Sciences (Surgery), Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, UK
| | - S J Nixon
- Clinical and Surgical Sciences (Surgery), Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, UK
| | - S Paterson-Brown
- Clinical and Surgical Sciences (Surgery), Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, UK
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18
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Abstract
Abstract
Background
Publication bias occurs when statistically non-significant (negative) findings are not published. It can profoundly affect the results of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.
Methods
Qualitative and quantitative methods of detecting publication bias are described, including their advantages and disadvantages.
Results and conclusion
Accepted quality standards for the reporting of meta-analyses recommend assessment of publication bias, but currently there is no uniform standard for reporting. Quantitative methods are being used with increasing frequency. Authors should take steps to minimize publication bias, and use both qualitative and quantitative assessment methods to determine whether it is present.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Mahid
- Price Institute of Surgical Research and Section of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - M Qadan
- Price Institute of Surgical Research and Section of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - C A Hornung
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - S Galandiuk
- Price Institute of Surgical Research and Section of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
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19
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Paterson HM, Qadan M, de Luca SM, Nixon SJ, Paterson-Brown S. Authors' reply: Changing trends in surgery for acute appendicitis ( Br J Surg 2008; 95: 363–368). Br J Surg 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/bjs.6286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H M Paterson
- Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, 51 Little France Crescent, Old Dalkeith Road, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, UK
| | - M Qadan
- Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, 51 Little France Crescent, Old Dalkeith Road, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, UK
| | - S M de Luca
- Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, 51 Little France Crescent, Old Dalkeith Road, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, UK
| | - S J Nixon
- Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, 51 Little France Crescent, Old Dalkeith Road, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, UK
| | - S Paterson-Brown
- Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, 51 Little France Crescent, Old Dalkeith Road, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, UK
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20
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Laparoscopic appendicectomy (LA) offers faster recovery times and a reduced rate of wound infection compared with open appendicectomy (OA) but may be associated with more intra-abdominal abscesses. This study examines the changing trends in management of appendicitis in a regional setting during service reorganization and compares infective complication rates for each procedure. METHODS Data were retrieved from the Lothian Surgical Audit database on 1824 patients treated for appendicitis by OA or LA during equal 31-month periods before and after service reorganization in August 2002. Outcome measures were duration of admission, recovery time from operation to discharge and reintervention for infective complications. Analysis was by intention to treat. RESULTS The rate of LA in Lothian increased from 29.9 to 39.4 per cent (P < 0.001) after subspecialist service reorganization. Recovery time from operation to discharge was significantly shorter after LA than OA when results were stratified with respect to sex (mean 2.5 versus 4.4 days respectively in women, P < 0.001; 2.7 and 3.1 days in men, P = 0.023), timing of surgery (2.7 versus 3.3 days before subspecialization, P = 0.007; 2.5 versus 3.6 days after subspecialization, P < 0.001) and whether appendicitis was associated with peritoneal contamination (2.2 versus 3.0 days for uncontaminated surgery, P < 0.001; 4.3 versus 5.1 days for contaminated surgery, P = 0.060). Peritoneal contamination at primary operation was the only independent risk factor that predicted reintervention for infective complications. CONCLUSION LA is associated with a shorter hospital stay from operation to discharge than OA, with no evidence of an increased rate of intra-abdominal infective complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Paterson
- Clinical and Surgical Sciences (Surgery), Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, UK
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