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Issa MAA, Ismail SAA, El-Bakhshawngi MIAA, Abed M, Ghaffar RA, De Los Ríos-Escalante PR, Hassan HU. Bioecology and breeding performance of cattle egret (Bubulcus ibis) in selected sites at Sharkia Governorate, Egypt. BRAZ J BIOL 2023; 83:e271632. [PMID: 37851767 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.271632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Cattle egret Bubulcus ibis, feeds on insect pests in many agro-ecosystems. Thus, there is an urgent need to study the breeding chronology of cattle egret, in order to develop suitable protection programs for this beneficial bird to perform its role as abiological control agent in Egyptian agro-ecosystems. The study was conducted at Sharkia Governorate, Egypt, from December 2018 to December 2020; in different habitats (irrigation canals, drainage canals, garbage collection areas and Abbasa ponds). The mean clutch size ranged from 2-5 eggs/nest with an incubation period ranging between 21-25 days. The mean percentage of hatching success was 90.21%, while the total number of mortality eggs was 47 and the total egg hatching was 433. Also the total number of nests located nearby tree trunks were 73, while nests located in the core of the tree were 47 nests, and nests located at the peripherals were 15 nests.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A A Issa
- Agricultural Research Center, Plant Protection Research Institute, Harmful Animal Department, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - S A A Ismail
- Agricultural Research Center, Plant Protection Research Institute, Harmful Animal Department, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - M I A A El-Bakhshawngi
- Agricultural Research Center, Plant Protection Research Institute, Harmful Animal Department, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - M Abed
- Agricultural Research Center, Plant Protection Research Institute, Harmful Animal Department, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - R A Ghaffar
- University of Karachi, Department of Zoology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - P R De Los Ríos-Escalante
- Universidad Católica de Temuco, Facultad de Recursos Naturales, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Químicas, Temuco, Chile
| | - H Ul Hassan
- University of Karachi, Department of Zoology, Karachi, Pakistan
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Bayoumi SM, Omar NA, Mohanna AH, Ismail SAA, Abed M, El Sayed AMA, El-Akhrasy FI, Issa MA. Survey and population dynamics of land snails at Sharkia Governorate, Egypt. BRAZ J BIOL 2023; 84:e271247. [PMID: 37162123 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.271247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Land snails are a destructive agricultural pest in economic crops, but the populations for that pest are highly influenced by temperature and humidity, therefore climatic changes affected their behavior, distribution and population dynamics, for these reasons researchers should follow up on the changes in their behavior, distribution, and population dynamics. In this study, a survey study was conducted to define land snail species existing at Sharkia Governorate, Egypt, from January 2019 to March 2022 in horticultural, vegetable, and field crops and study the population dynamics for the dominant land snail species. Results showed that there are six species of land snails, these species were, Monacha cartusiana, Succinea putris, Eobania vermiculata, Theba pisana, Helicella vestalis, and Cochlicella acuta. The population dynamics of two prevalent land snail species (M. cartusiana and S. putris), were conducted during two successive growing seasons, the Egyptian clover harbored the highest number of M. cartusiana followed by wheat, while the onion was the lowest one during the study period. In the same trends, the land snail S. putris recorded the highest numbers during the growing season of the Egyptian clover crop. Finally, it is concluded that the land snail M. cartusiana considered the first grade of infestation existed everywhere at Sharkia Governorate, and the population density of the land snail is increase gradually after winter till reach the maximum density in spring.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Bayoumi
- Plant Protection Research Institute, Harmful Animal Department, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - N A Omar
- Zagazig University, Faculty of Technology and Development, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - A H Mohanna
- Zagazig University, Faculty of Technology and Development, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - S A A Ismail
- Plant Protection Research Institute, Harmful Animal Department, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - M Abed
- Plant Protection Research Institute, Harmful Animal Department, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - A M A El Sayed
- Plant Protection Research Institute, Harmful Animal Department, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - F I El-Akhrasy
- Plant Protection Research Institute, Harmful Animal Department, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - M A Issa
- Plant Protection Research Institute, Harmful Animal Department, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
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Bynoe K, Unwin N, Taylor C, Murphy MM, Bartholomew L, Greenidge A, Abed M, Jeyaseelan S, Cobelli C, Dalla Man C, Taylor R. Inducing remission of Type 2 diabetes in the Caribbean: findings from a mixed methods feasibility study of a low-calorie liquid diet-based intervention in Barbados. Diabet Med 2020; 37:1816-1824. [PMID: 31365159 DOI: 10.1111/dme.14096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
AIM In a high proportion of people with recently diagnosed Type 2 diabetes, a short (2-3-month) low-calorie diet is able to restore normal glucose and insulin metabolism. The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility of this approach in Barbados. METHODS Twenty-five individuals with Type 2 diabetes diagnosed within past 6 years, not on insulin, BMI ≥ 27 kg/m2 were recruited. Hypoglycaemic medication was stopped on commencement of the 8-week liquid (760 calorie) diet. Insulin response was assessed in meal tests at baseline, 8 weeks and 8 months. Semi-structured interviews, analysed thematically, explored participants' experiences. 'Responders' were those with fasting plasma glucose (FPG) < 7 mmol/l at 8 weeks. RESULTS Ten men and 15 women (mean age 48, range 26-68 years) participated. Mean (sd) BMI was 34.2 kg/m2 (6.0); FPG 9.2 mmol/l (2.2). Mean weight loss at 8 weeks and 8 months was 10.1 kg [95% confidence interval (CI) 8.1, 12.0] and 8.2 kg (95% CI 5.8, 10.6); FPG was lower by 2.2 mmol/l (95% CI 1.2, 3.2) and 1.7 mmol/l (95% CI 0.8, 2.7) respectively. Nine of 11 (82%) of those who lost ≥ 10 kg were 'responders' compared with 6 of 14 (43%) who lost < 10 kg (P = 0.048). The 30-min insulin increment was higher in responders at baseline and follow-up (P ≤ 0.01). A food culture based on starchy foods and pressures to eat large amounts at social events were among the challenges identified by participants. CONCLUSIONS The feasibility of this approach to weight loss and diabetes remission in a predominantly black population in Barbados was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Bynoe
- George Alleyne Chronic Disease Research Centre, Caribbean Institute for Health Research, University of the West Indies, Barbados
| | - N Unwin
- George Alleyne Chronic Disease Research Centre, Caribbean Institute for Health Research, University of the West Indies, Barbados
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - C Taylor
- Department of Medicine, University of the West Indies, Barbados
| | - M M Murphy
- Public Health Group, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Padova, Italy
| | - L Bartholomew
- Public Health Group, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Padova, Italy
| | - A Greenidge
- George Alleyne Chronic Disease Research Centre, Caribbean Institute for Health Research, University of the West Indies, Barbados
| | - M Abed
- George Alleyne Chronic Disease Research Centre, Caribbean Institute for Health Research, University of the West Indies, Barbados
| | - S Jeyaseelan
- George Alleyne Chronic Disease Research Centre, Caribbean Institute for Health Research, University of the West Indies, Barbados
| | - C Cobelli
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, Italy
| | - C Dalla Man
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, Italy
| | - R Taylor
- Newcastle Magnetic Resonance Centre, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
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Zhang L, Li Y, Abed M, Davé RN. Incorporation of surface-modified dry micronized poorly water-soluble drug powders into polymer strip films. Int J Pharm 2017; 535:462-472. [PMID: 29170115 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Recent work has established polymer strip films as a robust platform for delivery of poorly water-soluble drugs via slurry casting, in particular using stable drug nanosuspensions. Here, a simpler, robust method to directly incorporate dry micronized poorly water-soluble drug, fenofibrate (FNB), is introduced. As a major novelty, simultaneous surface modification using hydrophilic silica along with micronization was done using fluid energy mill (FEM) in order to reduce FNB hydrophobicity and powder agglomeration. It is hypothesized that silica coating promotes easy, uniform dispersion of micronized and coated FNB (MC-FNB) during direct mixing with aqueous hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC-E15LV) and glycerin solutions. Uniform dispersion leads to improved film critical quality attributes (CQAs) such as appearance, drug content uniformity and drug dissolution. The impact of polymer solution viscosity (low and high), mixer type (low versus high shear), and FNB surface modification on film CQAs were also assessed. Films with as-received FNB (AR-FNB) and micronized uncoated FNB (MU-FNB) were prepared as control. When MC-FNB powders were used, films exhibited improved appearance (thickness uniformity, visible lumps/agglomerates), better drug content uniformity (expressed as relative standard deviation), fast and immediate drug release, and enhanced mechanical properties (tensile strength, elongation percentage), regardless of the polymer solution viscosity or mixer type. These results compare favorably with those reported using nanosuspensions of FNB, establishing the feasibility of directly incorporating surface modified-micronized poorly water-soluble drug powders in film manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhang
- New Jersey Center for Engineered Particulates, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Yidong Li
- New Jersey Center for Engineered Particulates, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Manal Abed
- New Jersey Center for Engineered Particulates, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Rajesh N Davé
- New Jersey Center for Engineered Particulates, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, USA.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Anecdotal evidence suggests increasing workplace violence against healthcare workers in the Caribbean, but the prevalence is largely undocumented. AIMS To determine the prevalence of workplace violence reported by medical staff at primary care clinics in Barbados. METHODS A study utilizing a modified version of the standard World Health Organization Workplace Violence Questionnaire, designed to assess the incidence, types and features of workplace violence. All nursing and physician staff on duty at the island's eight primary care clinics during the study period were invited to participate. RESULTS Of the 102 respondents (72% response rate), 63% of nursing and physician staff at the polyclinics in Barbados reported at least one episode of violence in the past year. The majority reported being exposed to verbal abuse (60%) and 19% reported being exposed to bullying. Seven percent of the staff reported incidents of sexual harassment, 3% physical violence and another 3% reported racial harassment. Patients emerged as the main perpetrators of violence (64%). Logistic regression showed statistically significant associations between gender and workplace violence. Females and nurses were more predisposed to experience violent incidents than males and physicians. CONCLUSIONS Over a half of medical staff surveyed reported experiencing some type of violence in the past year, female gender being a significant predictor of abuse. Adequate documentation and implementing clear policies and violence prevention programmes in health institutions are crucial steps towards addressing this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Abed
- The Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Cave Hill Campus, PO Box 64, Bridgetown BB11000, Barbados
| | - E Morris
- The Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Cave Hill Campus, PO Box 64, Bridgetown BB11000, Barbados
| | - N Sobers-Grannum
- The Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Cave Hill Campus, PO Box 64, Bridgetown BB11000, Barbados
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Zaier LH, Abed M. Temporal Disaggregation of Economic Time Series using Artificial Neural Networks. COMMUN STAT-THEOR M 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/03610926.2012.677088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Abed M, Towhid ST, Feger M, Schmidt S, Kuro-o M, Gawaz M, Lang F. Adhesion of klotho-deficient eryptotic erythrocytes to endothelial cells. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2013; 207:485-93. [PMID: 23216570 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2012] [Revised: 11/16/2012] [Accepted: 11/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM Suicidal erythrocyte death or eryptosis is characterized by cell shrinkage and phosphatidylserine exposure at the cell surface. Eryptotic erythrocytes may adhere to the vascular wall by binding of phosphatidylserine to endothelial CXC chemokine ligand 16 (CXCL16). Triggers of eryptosis include osmotic shock or energy depletion. Susceptibility to eryptosis is modified by Klotho, a protein with profound effect on ageing and lifespan. Klotho deficiency leads to accelerated ageing and early death. The percentage of eryptotic erythrocytes is significantly larger in klotho-deficient mice (klotho(-/-) ) than in their wild-type littermates (klotho(+/+) ). The present study explored whether the accelerated eryptosis of klotho-deficient mice is paralleled by enhanced adhesion. METHODS Phosphatidylserine-exposing erythrocytes were identified by measurement of annexin V binding and adhesion to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) from trapping of labelled erythrocytes in a flow chamber. RESULTS Annexin V binding was higher in klotho(-/-) erythrocytes than in klotho(+/+) erythrocytes. Osmotic shock for 1 h (addition of 550 mm sucrose) and energy depletion (12-h glucose depletion) increased annexin V binding to values again significantly larger in klotho(-/-) erythrocytes than in klotho(+/+) erythrocytes. klotho(-/-) erythrocytes were particularly sensitive to osmotic shock. Both osmotic shock and energy depletion enhanced erythrocyte adhesion, an effect again more pronounced in klotho(-/-) erythrocytes than in klotho(+/+) erythrocytes. The adhesion was significantly decreased by coating of phospatidylserine with annexin V (5 μL mL(-1) ) or by coating of CXCL16 with neutralizing antibodies (4 μg mL(-1) ). CONCLUSIONS klotho(-/-) erythrocytes are particularly sensitive to osmotic shock, and enhanced eryptosis of klotho(-/-) erythrocytes is paralleled by enhanced adhesion to endothelial CXCL16.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - S. T. Towhid
- Department of Physiology; University of Tuebingen; Tuebingen; Germany
| | - M. Feger
- Department of Physiology; University of Tuebingen; Tuebingen; Germany
| | - S. Schmidt
- Department of Physiology; University of Tuebingen; Tuebingen; Germany
| | - M. Kuro-o
- Department of Pathology; The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; Dallas; TX; USA
| | - M. Gawaz
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine; University of Tuebingen; Tuebingen; Germany
| | - F. Lang
- Department of Physiology; University of Tuebingen; Tuebingen; Germany
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Baqain Z, Sawair F, Tawalbeh M, Abed M, Rawashdeh B. Prevalence of temporomandibuar joint disorders in patients with otologic complaints. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2012.04.196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Khoweiled A, Amer D, Refaat O, Goueli T, Hamdi E, Abed M. The Egyptian law 71/2009 'Care of mentally ill patients' ( knowledge and opinions of service providers, relatives, and patients with substance abuse). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.7123/01.ejp.0000413117.68566.8e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Abstract
In tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), the most common form of cyanotic congenital heart disease, only a few patients reach adulthood without surgical correction. We present a case of a woman with TOF who was diagnosed at the age of 39 when she presented with features of congestive heart failure. The main factor contributing to her longevity included the slow development of her pulmonary artery stenosis together with left ventricular hypertrophy. Less than 3% of all patients with uncorrected TOF survive beyond their 40s but late operative repair is still a valuable option. This case provides an insight into the late outcome of an older patient with uncorrected TOF.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Aziz
- Department of Internal Medicine, MSS M, Jersey City Campus, New Jersey, USA.
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Abed M, Goldberg I, Stein Z, Shvo Y. X-ray crystal structure determination of (Ph4C4CO)Ru(CO)2(NHEt2). A reactive catalytic intermediate in transalkylation of amines. Organometallics 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/om00099a026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Nez F, Plimmer MD, Bourzeix S, Julien L, Biraben F, Felder R, Acef O, Zondy JJ, Laurent P, Clairon A, Abed M, Millerioux Y, Juncar P. Precise frequency measurement of the 2S-8S/8D transtions in atomic hydrogen: New determination of the Rydberg constant. Phys Rev Lett 1992; 69:2326-2329. [PMID: 10046456 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.69.2326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Pesando JM, Hoffman P, Abed M. Antibody-induced antigenic modulation is antigen dependent: characterization of 22 proteins on a malignant human B cell line. The Journal of Immunology 1986. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.137.11.3689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Expression of several of the surface antigens on normal and malignant hematopoietic cells is reduced or is modulated by incubation with specific antibodies. Although antigenic modulation provides a means by which cells can escape antibody-mediated immune destruction, the physiologic significance and frequency of this phenomenon are both poorly understood. To begin to address these issues, we identified and characterized surface antigens on the malignant B cell line Laz 221 established from a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Indirect immunofluorescence analysis with the use of 26 hematopoietic cell populations and immune precipitation studies with the use of iodinated ALL cells indicate that 163 monoclonal antibodies (MoAb) identify 22 different proteins on this cell line, including at least six previously described surface molecules. Seven of these antigens are expressed by all nucleated cells examined, whereas only the mu chain of immunoglobulin is B cell specific. Incubation of specific MoAb with cultures of Laz 221 cells at 37 degrees C reduces or modulates surface expression of five of these 22 antigens (p45, immunoglobulin mu chain, transferrin receptor, common ALL antigen (CD10), and p105). Studies that made use of multiple MoAb specific for the same antigen suggest that the capacity for antigenic modulation is an intrinsic property of individual antigens. These studies also suggest that the murine immune response to shared human antigens varies from one immunizing cell population to another. For example, three of the antigens present on Laz 221 cells were only identified by MoAb raised to the Burkitt's cell line Ramos and vice-versa. Only one of these six shared antigens is present in greater amounts on the immunogenic cell population. Immunogenicity of individual human antigens in the mouse may be a function of their cell surface environment.
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Pesando JM, Hoffman P, Abed M. Antibody-induced antigenic modulation is antigen dependent: characterization of 22 proteins on a malignant human B cell line. J Immunol 1986; 137:3689-95. [PMID: 3491146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Expression of several of the surface antigens on normal and malignant hematopoietic cells is reduced or is modulated by incubation with specific antibodies. Although antigenic modulation provides a means by which cells can escape antibody-mediated immune destruction, the physiologic significance and frequency of this phenomenon are both poorly understood. To begin to address these issues, we identified and characterized surface antigens on the malignant B cell line Laz 221 established from a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Indirect immunofluorescence analysis with the use of 26 hematopoietic cell populations and immune precipitation studies with the use of iodinated ALL cells indicate that 163 monoclonal antibodies (MoAb) identify 22 different proteins on this cell line, including at least six previously described surface molecules. Seven of these antigens are expressed by all nucleated cells examined, whereas only the mu chain of immunoglobulin is B cell specific. Incubation of specific MoAb with cultures of Laz 221 cells at 37 degrees C reduces or modulates surface expression of five of these 22 antigens (p45, immunoglobulin mu chain, transferrin receptor, common ALL antigen (CD10), and p105). Studies that made use of multiple MoAb specific for the same antigen suggest that the capacity for antigenic modulation is an intrinsic property of individual antigens. These studies also suggest that the murine immune response to shared human antigens varies from one immunizing cell population to another. For example, three of the antigens present on Laz 221 cells were only identified by MoAb raised to the Burkitt's cell line Ramos and vice-versa. Only one of these six shared antigens is present in greater amounts on the immunogenic cell population. Immunogenicity of individual human antigens in the mouse may be a function of their cell surface environment.
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Crawford B, Abed M. Ultrastructural aspects of the surface coatings of eggs and larvae of the starfish,Pisaster ochraceus, revealed by alcian blue. J Morphol 1986; 187:23-37. [DOI: 10.1002/jmor.1051870103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Dorr P, Abed M, Kahn DS. Ovarian transplantation to an intrauterine location; survival of ovarian pedicle autografts. Can J Surg 1968; 11:230-6. [PMID: 5689441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
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