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González-Ríos N, Artigues M, Guerra-Rebollo M, Planas A, Borrós S, Faijes M, Fornaguera C. Novel α-mannose-functionalized poly(β-amino ester) nanoparticles as mRNA vaccines with increased antigen presenting cell selectivity in the spleen. J Mater Chem B 2023. [PMID: 37350113 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb00607g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
mRNA vaccination has emerged as a prominent therapy for the future of medicine. Despite the colossal advance in this technology and worldwide efficacy proof (ca. COVID vaccines), mRNA carriers still lack cell/tissue specificity, leading to possible side effects, and reduced efficacy among others. Herein we make use of the ubiquitous affinity of antigen-presenting cells (APC)s for glycosides to achieve specific targeting. To achieve this goal, we designed a new generation of α-mannosyl functionalized oligopeptide-terminated poly(β-aminoester). Fine formulation of these polymers with mRNA resulted in nanoparticles decorated with surface-exposed α-mannoses with sizes around 180 nm and positive surface charge. Notably, these particles maintained their properties after freeze-drying and subsequent redispersion. Finally, our mRNA carriers preferentially targeted and transfected APCs in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, we demonstrated, at a preclinical level, that the mannose functionalization enables more selective targeting of APCs and, thus, these polymer and nanoparticles are candidates for a new generation of mRNA immunotherapy vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nil González-Ríos
- Grup d'Enginyeria de Materials (Gemat), Institut Químic de Sarrià (IQS), Universitat Ramon Llull (URL), 08017 Barcelona, Spain.
- Laboratoy of Biochemistry, Institut Químic de Sarrià (IQS), Universitat Ramon Llull (URL), 08017 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Margalida Artigues
- Analytical and Applied Chemistry Department, Institut Químic de Sarrià (IQS), Universitat Ramon Llull (URL), 08017 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Guerra-Rebollo
- Grup d'Enginyeria de Materials (Gemat), Institut Químic de Sarrià (IQS), Universitat Ramon Llull (URL), 08017 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Antoni Planas
- Laboratoy of Biochemistry, Institut Químic de Sarrià (IQS), Universitat Ramon Llull (URL), 08017 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Salvador Borrós
- Grup d'Enginyeria de Materials (Gemat), Institut Químic de Sarrià (IQS), Universitat Ramon Llull (URL), 08017 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Magda Faijes
- Laboratoy of Biochemistry, Institut Químic de Sarrià (IQS), Universitat Ramon Llull (URL), 08017 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Cristina Fornaguera
- Grup d'Enginyeria de Materials (Gemat), Institut Químic de Sarrià (IQS), Universitat Ramon Llull (URL), 08017 Barcelona, Spain.
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Chen WW, Artigues M, Font-Bardia M, Cuenca AB, Shafir A. Cyclic Homo- and Heterohalogen Di-λ 3-diarylhalonium Structures. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 37311085 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c02406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In the context of the ever-growing interest in the cyclic diaryliodonium salts, this work presents synthetic design principles for a new family of structures with two hypervalent halogens in the ring. The smallest bis-phenylene derivative, [(C6H4)2I2]2+, was prepared through oxidative dimerization of a precursor bearing the ortho-disposed iodine and trifluoroborate groups. We also report, for the first time, the formation of cycles containing two different halogen atoms. These present two phenylenes linked by hetero-(I/Br) or -(I/Cl) halogen pairs. This approach was also extended to the cyclic bis-naphthylene derivative [(C10H6)2I2]2+. The structures of these bis-halogen(III) rings were further assessed through X-ray analysis. The simplest cyclic phenylene bis-iodine(III) derivative features the interplanar angle of ∼120°, while a smaller angle of ∼103° was found for the analogous naphthylene-based salt. All dications form dimeric pairs through a combination of π-π and C-H/π interactions. As the largest member of the family, a bis-I(III)-macrocycle was also assembled using the quasi-planar xanthene backbone. Its geometry enables the two iodine(III) centers to be bridged intramolecularly by two bidentate triflate anions. In a preliminary manner, the interaction of the phenylene- and naphthalene-based bis-iodine(III) dications with a new family of rigid bidentate bis-pyridine ligands was studied in solution and the solid state, with an X-ray structure showing the chelating donor bonding to just one of the two iodine centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei W Chen
- BISi-Bonds Group, Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya, IQAC-CSIC, c/Jordi Girona 20, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Margalida Artigues
- Department of Analytical and Applied Chemistry, Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Vía Augusta 390, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercè Font-Bardia
- Unitat de Difracció de RX. Centres Científics i Tecnològics de la Universitat de Barcelona (CCiTUB), Universitat de Barcelona, c/Solé i Sabarís 1-3, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana B Cuenca
- BISi-Bonds/CRISOL Group, Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Universitat Ramon Llull and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Vía Augusta 390, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alexandr Shafir
- BISi-Bonds Group, Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya, IQAC-CSIC, and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
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Miró-Vinyals B, Artigues M, Wostrikoff K, Monte E, Broto-Puig F, Leivar P, Planas A. Chloroplast engineering of the green microalgae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii for the production of HAA, the lipid moiety of rhamnolipid biosurfactants. N Biotechnol 2023; 76:1-12. [PMID: 37004923 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2023.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Hydroxyalkanoyloxyalkanoates (HAA) are lipidic surfactants with a number of potential applications, but more remarkably, they are the biosynthetic precursors of rhamnolipids (RL), which are preferred biosurfactants thanks to their excellent physicochemical properties, biological activities, and environmental biodegradability. Because the natural highest producer of RLs is the pathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa, important efforts have been dedicated to transfer production to heterologous non-pathogenic microorganisms. Unicellular photosynthetic microalgae are emerging as important hosts for sustainable industrial biotechnology due to their ability to transform CO2 efficiently into biomass and bioproducts of interest. Here, we have explored the potential of the eukaryotic green microalgae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii as a chassis to produce RLs. Chloroplast genome engineering allowed the stable functional expression of the gene encoding RhlA acyltransferase from P. aeruginosa, an enzyme catalyzing the condensation of two 3-hydroxyacyl acid intermediaries in the fatty acid synthase cycle, to produce HAA. Four congeners of varying chain lengths were identified and quantified by UHPLC-QTOF mass spectrometry and gas chromatography, including C10-C10 and C10-C8, and the less abundant C10-C12 and C10-C6 congeners. HAA was present in the intracellular fraction, but also showed increased accumulation in the extracellular medium. Moreover, HAA production was also observed under photoautotrophic conditions based on atmospheric CO2. These results establish that RhlA is active in the chloroplast and is able to produce a new pool of HAA in a eukaryotic host. Subsequent engineering of microalgal strains should contribute to the development of an alternative clean, safe and cost-effective platform for the sustainable production of RLs. DATA AVAILABILITY: The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding authors upon reasonable request.
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Artigues M, Gilabert-Porres J, Texidó R, Borrós S, Abellà J, Colominas S. Analytical Parameters of a Novel Glucose Biosensor Based on Grafted PFM as a Covalent Immobilization Technique. Sensors (Basel) 2021; 21:4185. [PMID: 34207185 PMCID: PMC8235154 DOI: 10.3390/s21124185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Bioanalytical methods, in particular electrochemical biosensors, are increasingly used in different industrial sectors due to their simplicity, low cost, and fast response. However, to be able to reliably use this type of device, it is necessary to undertake in-depth evaluation of their fundamental analytical parameters. In this work, analytical parameters of an amperometric biosensor based on covalent immobilization of glucose oxidase (GOx) were evaluated. GOx was immobilized using plasma-grafted pentafluorophenyl methacrylate (pgPFM) as an anchor onto a tailored HEMA-co-EGDA hydrogel that coats a titanium dioxide nanotubes array (TiO2NTAs). Finally, chitosan was used to protect the enzyme molecules. The biosensor offered outstanding analytical parameters: repeatability (RSD = 1.7%), reproducibility (RSD = 1.3%), accuracy (deviation = 4.8%), and robustness (RSD = 2.4%). In addition, the Ti/TiO2NTAs/ppHEMA-co-EGDA/pgPFM/GOx/Chitosan biosensor showed good long-term stability; after 20 days, it retained 89% of its initial sensitivity. Finally, glucose concentrations of different food samples were measured and compared using an official standard method (HPLC). Deviation was lower than 10% in all measured samples. Therefore, the developed biosensor can be considered to be a reliable analytical tool for quantification measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margalida Artigues
- Electrochemical Methods Laboratory-Analytical and Applied Chemistry Department at Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta, 390, 08017 Barcelona, Spain; (M.A.); (J.A.)
| | - Joan Gilabert-Porres
- Tractivus SL, Via Augusta, 394, 08017 Barcelona, Spain; (J.G.-P.); (R.T.); (S.B.)
- Grup d’Enginyeria de Materials (GEMAT) at Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta, 390, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Robert Texidó
- Tractivus SL, Via Augusta, 394, 08017 Barcelona, Spain; (J.G.-P.); (R.T.); (S.B.)
- Grup d’Enginyeria de Materials (GEMAT) at Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta, 390, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Salvador Borrós
- Tractivus SL, Via Augusta, 394, 08017 Barcelona, Spain; (J.G.-P.); (R.T.); (S.B.)
- Grup d’Enginyeria de Materials (GEMAT) at Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta, 390, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER-BBN, Networking Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, 500018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Jordi Abellà
- Electrochemical Methods Laboratory-Analytical and Applied Chemistry Department at Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta, 390, 08017 Barcelona, Spain; (M.A.); (J.A.)
| | - Sergi Colominas
- Electrochemical Methods Laboratory-Analytical and Applied Chemistry Department at Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta, 390, 08017 Barcelona, Spain; (M.A.); (J.A.)
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Martínez J, Baciu T, Artigues M, Danús M, Peñalver A, Aguilar C, Borrull F. Nuclear medicine: workplace monitoring and internal occupational exposure during a ventilation/perfusion single-photon emission tomography. Radiat Environ Biophys 2019; 58:407-415. [PMID: 31139897 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-019-00798-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The administration of 99mTc-HDP to diagnose pulmonary thromboembolisms leads to the presence of 99mTc in the environment of a nuclear medicine department, which could pose a potential risk of internal contamination to medical staff. Therefore, air samples from the administration room, gamma camera room and corridor of such a department were taken for the purpose of performing a workplace monitoring program of the medical centre under study, with maximum activity values of 640 ± 30 kBq/m3, 1.5 ± 0.1 kBq/m3 and 54 ± 3 kBq/m3, respectively, being obtained. These results correspond to committed effective doses received by exposed employees, via inhalation, when one ventilation/perfusion single-photon emission tomography study was performed, of 0.7 μSv, 0.004 μSv and 0.2 μSv, respectively. As inhalation is the employees' main exposure pathway to radio-aerosols, the internal dose of the nuclear medicine department's medical staff was also evaluated via urine bioassay measurements. Nuclear medicine nurses showed the highest 99mTc activity in 24-h urine samples (2100 ± 130 Bq/day), resulting in a committed effective dose of 21 μSv for each diagnostic study performed. Even so, the performance of ventilation/perfusion diagnostic studies did not constitute a substantial radiological risk since the annual dose limit for exposed employees was not exceeded.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Martínez
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Unitat de Radioquímica Ambiental i Sanitaria (URAIS), Consorci d'Aigües de Tarragona (CAT), Carretera Nacional 340, Km. 1094, 43895, L'Ampolla, Tarragona, Spain
| | - T Baciu
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Unitat de Radioquímica Ambiental i Sanitaria (URAIS), Consorci d'Aigües de Tarragona (CAT), Carretera Nacional 340, Km. 1094, 43895, L'Ampolla, Tarragona, Spain
| | - M Artigues
- Servei de Protecció Radiològica i Física Mèdica, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Av. del Dr Josep Laporte, 2, 43204, Reus, Spain
| | - M Danús
- Departament de Medicina Nuclear, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Av. del Dr Josep Laporte, 2, 43204, Reus, Spain
| | - A Peñalver
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Unitat de Radioquímica Ambiental i Sanitaria (URAIS), Consorci d'Aigües de Tarragona (CAT), Carretera Nacional 340, Km. 1094, 43895, L'Ampolla, Tarragona, Spain
| | - C Aguilar
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Unitat de Radioquímica Ambiental i Sanitaria (URAIS), Consorci d'Aigües de Tarragona (CAT), Carretera Nacional 340, Km. 1094, 43895, L'Ampolla, Tarragona, Spain.
| | - F Borrull
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Unitat de Radioquímica Ambiental i Sanitaria (URAIS), Consorci d'Aigües de Tarragona (CAT), Carretera Nacional 340, Km. 1094, 43895, L'Ampolla, Tarragona, Spain
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Artigues M, Oh S, Gilabert-Porres J, Abellà J, Borrós S, Colominas S. Novel grafted electrochemical interface for covalent glucose oxidase immobilization using reactive pentafluorophenyl methacrylate. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 175:1-9. [PMID: 30508760 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.11.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
One of the most important factors for the proper functioning of enzymatic electrochemical biosensors is the enzyme immobilization strategy. In this work, glucose oxidase was covalently immobilized using pentafluorophenyl methacrylate (PFM) by applying two different surface modification techniques (plasma polymerization and plasma-grafting). The grafted surface was specifically designed to covalently anchor enzyme molecules. It was observed using QCM-D measurements the PFM plasma-grafted surfaces were able to retain a higher number of active enzyme molecules than the PFM polymerized surfaces. An amperometric glucose biosensor using titanium dioxide nanotubes array (TiO2NTAs) modified by PFM plasma-grafted surface was prepared. The resulting biosensor exhibited a fast response and short analysis time (approximately eight minutes per sample). Moreover, this biosensor achieved high sensitivity (9.76 μA mM-1) with a linear range from 0.25 to 1.49 mM and a limit of detection (LOD) equal to 0.10 mM of glucose. In addition, the glucose content of 16 different food samples was successfully measured using the developed biosensor. The obtained results were compared with the respective HPLC value and a deviation smaller than 10% was obtained in all the cases. Therefore, the biosensor was able to overcome all possible interferences in the selected samples/matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margalida Artigues
- Electrochemical Methods Laboratory - Analytical and Applied Chemistry Department at Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta, 390, 08017, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sejin Oh
- Grup d'Enginyeria de Materials (GEMAT) at Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta, 390, 08017, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Gilabert-Porres
- Grup d'Enginyeria de Materials (GEMAT) at Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta, 390, 08017, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Abellà
- Electrochemical Methods Laboratory - Analytical and Applied Chemistry Department at Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta, 390, 08017, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Salvador Borrós
- Grup d'Enginyeria de Materials (GEMAT) at Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta, 390, 08017, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER-BBN, Networking Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Sergi Colominas
- Electrochemical Methods Laboratory - Analytical and Applied Chemistry Department at Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta, 390, 08017, Barcelona, Spain.
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Martínez J, Peñalver A, Baciu T, Artigues M, Danús M, Aguilar C, Borrull F. Presence of artificial radionuclides in samples from potable water and wastewater treatment plants. J Environ Radioact 2018; 192:187-193. [PMID: 29982003 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2018.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Human activity, such as the operation of nuclear power plants (NPPs) and the use of radionuclides in nuclear medicine, results in the presence of artificial radionuclides in surface waters, which may even reach potable water treatment plants (PWTPs) and wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). In this study, water and sludge samples from a PWTP are radiologically monitored. The incoming water of the plant is influenced by the presence of an NPP upstream. Two WWTPs receiving wastewater from medical centres and other origins are also studied. As a result, 131I, 60Co and 137Cs have been determined in the dewatered sludge samples from the PWTP, while 131I, 99mTc, 67Ga and 111In were detected in the sludge samples from the WWTPs. The radionuclide activities in the influent water from the WWTPs studied were lower than the minimum detectable activity values. Therefore, on the basis of our results, the analysis of sludge samples is very useful as it enables the concentration of any radionuclides that may be present in the incoming water. Lastly, as higher activity of 131I was detected in the samples studied, the total effective dose was assessed for WWTP workers, as they handle dewatered sludge containing this radionuclide. It can be concluded that there is no risk in terms of total exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Martínez
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Unitat de Radioquímica Ambiental i Sanitaria (URAIS), Consorci d'Aigües de Tarragona (CAT), Carretera Nacional 340, Km. 1094, 43895, L'Ampolla, Tarragona, Spain
| | - A Peñalver
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Unitat de Radioquímica Ambiental i Sanitaria (URAIS), Consorci d'Aigües de Tarragona (CAT), Carretera Nacional 340, Km. 1094, 43895, L'Ampolla, Tarragona, Spain
| | - T Baciu
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Unitat de Radioquímica Ambiental i Sanitaria (URAIS), Consorci d'Aigües de Tarragona (CAT), Carretera Nacional 340, Km. 1094, 43895, L'Ampolla, Tarragona, Spain
| | | | - M Danús
- Departament de Medicina Nuclear, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Av. del Dr Josep Laporte, 243204, Reus, Spain
| | - C Aguilar
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Unitat de Radioquímica Ambiental i Sanitaria (URAIS), Consorci d'Aigües de Tarragona (CAT), Carretera Nacional 340, Km. 1094, 43895, L'Ampolla, Tarragona, Spain.
| | - F Borrull
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Unitat de Radioquímica Ambiental i Sanitaria (URAIS), Consorci d'Aigües de Tarragona (CAT), Carretera Nacional 340, Km. 1094, 43895, L'Ampolla, Tarragona, Spain
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Buvry C, Cassagnes L, Tekath M, Artigues M, Pereira B, Le Guenno G, Rieu V, Tournadre A, Ruivard M, Grobost V. Les anticorps anti-SSA 52kd sont un facteur de risque de pneumopathie interstitielle dans la maladie de Gougerot-Sjogrën. Rev Med Interne 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2018.03.317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Artigues M, Abellà J, Colominas S. Analytical Parameters of an Amperometric Glucose Biosensor for Fast Analysis in Food Samples. Sensors (Basel) 2017; 17:s17112620. [PMID: 29135931 PMCID: PMC5713114 DOI: 10.3390/s17112620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Amperometric biosensors based on the use of glucose oxidase (GOx) are able to combine the robustness of electrochemical techniques with the specificity of biological recognition processes. However, very little information can be found in literature about the fundamental analytical parameters of these sensors. In this work, the analytical behavior of an amperometric biosensor based on the immobilization of GOx using a hydrogel (Chitosan) onto highly ordered titanium dioxide nanotube arrays (TiO2NTAs) has been evaluated. The GOx–Chitosan/TiO2NTAs biosensor showed a sensitivity of 5.46 μA·mM−1 with a linear range from 0.3 to 1.5 mM; its fundamental analytical parameters were studied using a commercial soft drink. The obtained results proved sufficient repeatability (RSD = 1.9%), reproducibility (RSD = 2.5%), accuracy (95–105% recovery), and robustness (RSD = 3.3%). Furthermore, no significant interferences from fructose, ascorbic acid and citric acid were obtained. In addition, the storage stability was further examined, after 30 days, the GOx–Chitosan/TiO2NTAs biosensor retained 85% of its initial current response. Finally, the glucose content of different food samples was measured using the biosensor and compared with the respective HPLC value. In the worst scenario, a deviation smaller than 10% was obtained among the 20 samples evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margalida Artigues
- Electrochemical Methods Laboratory-Analytical and Applied Chemistry Department, ETS Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta, 390, 08017 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Jordi Abellà
- Electrochemical Methods Laboratory-Analytical and Applied Chemistry Department, ETS Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta, 390, 08017 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Sergi Colominas
- Electrochemical Methods Laboratory-Analytical and Applied Chemistry Department, ETS Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta, 390, 08017 Barcelona, Spain.
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Hernandez V, Sempau J, Abella R, Lopez M, Perez M, Artigues M, Arenas M. A method for accurate zero calibration of asymmetric jaws in single-isocenter half-beam techniques. Med Phys 2013; 40:021706. [PMID: 23387729 DOI: 10.1118/1.4773314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To present a practical method for calibrating the zero position of asymmetric jaws that provides higher accuracy at the central axis and improves dose homogeneity in the abutting region of half-beams. METHODS Junction doses were measured for each asymmetric jaw using the double-exposure technique and electronic portal imaging devices. The junction dose was determined as a function of jaw position. The shift in the zero jaw position (or in its corresponding potentiometer readout) required to correct for the measured junction dose could thus be obtained. The jaw calibration was then modified to introduce the calculated shift and therefore achieve an accurate zero position in order to provide a relative junction dose that was as close to zero as possible. RESULTS All the asymmetric jaws from four medical linear accelerators were calibrated with the new calibration procedure. Measured relative junction doses at gantry 0° were reduced from a maximum of ±40% to a maximum of ±8% for all the jaws in the four considered accelerators. These results were valid for 6 MV and 18 MV photon beams and for any combination of asymmetric jaws set to zero. The calibration was stable over a long period of time; therefore, the need for recalibrating is seldom necessary. CONCLUSIONS Accurate calibration of the zero position of the jaws is feasible in current medical linear accelerators. The proposed procedure is fast and it improves dose homogeneity at the junction of half-beams, thus, allowing a more accurate and safer use of these techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Hernandez
- Department of Medical Physics, Hospital Sant Joan de Reus, 43204 Tarragona, Spain.
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Arenas M, Sabater S, Hernández V, Henríquez I, Ameijide A, Anglada L, Mur E, Artigues M, Lafuerza A, Borras J. Cosmetic outcome of breast conservative treatment for early stage breast cancer. Clin Transl Oncol 2006; 8:334-8. [PMID: 16760008 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-006-0179-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the cosmetic outcome of breast conservative therapy and to examine the degree of agreement between the patients' and oncologists' ratings. We also analyze the influence of several factors on cosmesis. METHODS AND MATERIALS We retrospectively evaluated 145 patients with primary breast cancer treated by local excision and radiotherapy between January 2000 and May 2001. Cosmetic outcome was evaluated by doctors and patients and was scored as excellent, good, fair or poor. RESULTS 73% of patients rated cosmesis as excellent or good while the percentage was 71% when rated by radiation oncologists. The degree of cosmesis concordance evaluated by oncologists and patients was low (kappa = 0.3). In our study the variables which significantly influence on the cosmetic outcome were concomitant adjuvant chemotherapy (p = 0.04) and radiation therapy boost, either by electron beam or brachytherapy (p = 0.013). CONCLUSION The cosmetic outcome of breast conserving therapy was good. There was a similar rating by the patient and radiation oncologist, but the level of concordance between patients and doctors was low. Factors that significantly influence the cosmesis appear to be concomitant adjuvant chemotherapy and radiation therapy boost.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Arenas
- Oncology Department, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Catalonia, Spain.
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Artigues M, Mathew RJ. Alcohol intoxication and homicide. Med Law 1996; 15:485-491. [PMID: 9009600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Artigues
- Duke University Medical Center, Durham, N. Carolina, USA
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