1
|
Miscia ME, Castellano M, Chiarini S, Lauriti G, Casaccia M, Lelli Chiesa P, Lisi G. Pediatric primary spontaneous pneumothorax: a comparison of treatment at pediatric surgery vs. thoracic surgery departments. Pediatr Med Chir 2023; 45. [PMID: 36920181 DOI: 10.4081/pmc.2023.303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Management of pediatric Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax (PSP) is controversial and based on guidelines on adults. Therapeutic strategies include: observation, needle aspiration, chest drain, or surgery. We aimed to assess: i) differences in the management of PSP in pediatric vs. adult departments; ii) risk of recurrence associated to each therapeutic choice; iii) management of "large" pneumothorax (i.e. >3cm at the apex on chest X-Ray); iv) role of CT scan in addressing the treatment. We reviewed all PSP treated at Pediatric Surgery Unit (PSU) and Thoracic Surgery Unit for adults (TSU) in a 10-year period (2011 to 2020). We included a total of 42 PSP: 30/42 1st episodes and 12/42 recurrences. Among the 30/42 1st episodes, 15/30 were managed in the PSU and 15/30 in the TSU. Observation was significantly most common among PSU patients (9/15, 60%) vs. TSU cases (1/15, 6.7%; p=0.005]. Chest drain placement was reduced in PSU (3/15, 20%) vs. TSU (12/15, 80%; p=0.002). Observational was associated with a reduced risk of recurrence (0/10, 0%) compared to chest drain (7/15, 46.7%; p=0.01). Management of 20/42 "large" pneumothorax was: 4/20 (20%) observation, 10/20 (50%) chest drain, 2/20 (10%) needle aspiration, 4/20 (20%) surgery. Twentythree/ 29 PSP (79.3%) underwent CT-scan after the first episode. Bullae were detected in 17/23 patients and 5/17 (29.4%) had seven episodes of recurrence. PSP patients treated by PSU were more likely to receive clinical observation. Those managed by TSU were mostly treated by chest drain. Observation seems an effective choice for clinically stable PSP, with low risk of recurrence at a mid-term follow-up. CT-scan seems not to detect those patients at higher risk of recurrence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Enrica Miscia
- Department of Medicine and Aging Science, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Italy; Pediatric Surgery Unit, "Spirito Santo" Hospital of Pescara.
| | - Maria Castellano
- Department of Medicine and Aging Science, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Italy; Pediatric Surgery Unit, "Spirito Santo" Hospital of Pescara.
| | | | - Giuseppe Lauriti
- Department of Medicine and Aging Science, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Italy; Pediatric Surgery Unit, "Spirito Santo" Hospital of Pescara.
| | - Marco Casaccia
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, "Santo Spirito" Hospital of Pescara.
| | - Pierluigi Lelli Chiesa
- Department of Medicine and Aging Science, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Italy; Pediatric Surgery Unit, "Spirito Santo" Hospital of Pescara.
| | - Gabriele Lisi
- Department of Medicine and Aging Science, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Italy; 2 Pediatric Surgery Unit, "Santo Spirito" Hospital of Pescara.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Costa G, Oprandi A, Bavestrello G, Castellano M, Bertolino M. Biogenic silica in the Posidonia oceanica “matte”, a tool to discover past dynamics of the sponge community. The European Zoological Journal 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/24750263.2022.2140851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- G. Costa
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
- Department of Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - A. Oprandi
- Department of Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - G. Bavestrello
- Department of Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo, Italy
| | - M. Castellano
- Department of Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - M. Bertolino
- Department of Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Carretta D, Castellano M, Gianfrancesco D, De Michele L, Cozzolino M, Pedote P, Angiletta D, Pulli R, Colonna P, D'Agostino C. Inadvertent left ventricular placement of ICD lead through the left subclavian artery right positioned in a patient with situs viscerum inversus and Kartagener syndrome. J Cardiol Cases 2022; 25:26-29. [PMID: 35024064 DOI: 10.1016/j.jccase.2021.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Inadvertent placement of pacemaker and implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) leads in the left ventricle is a rare but well-recognized complication of device implantation. We report a case of an unicameral ICD lead inadvertently placed through the left subclavian artery right positioned, across the aortic valve into the left ventricle, in a patient with situs viscerum inversus. A transthoracic echocardiogram about a month after the procedure showed an unusual course of the lead. The lead was successfully removed without complications or sequelae. <Learning objective: Subclavian artery accidental puncture during pacemaker / implantable cardioverter-defibrillator implantation is an important complication. With grown up congenital heart this complication could occur more frequently and with more serious complications if the patient's anatomy is not well framed and deepened by specific instrumental examinations. If the above complication is managed quickly and competently and if the artery is not instrumented, it does not cause serious consequences.>.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Monica Cozzolino
- Imaging Radiology Department, University Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Pasquale Pedote
- Imaging Radiology Department, University Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Domenico Angiletta
- Vascular Surgery Department, University Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Raffaele Pulli
- Vascular Surgery Department, University Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Paolo Colonna
- Cardiology Hospital, Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Betti F, Venturini S, Merotto L, Cappanera V, Ferrando S, Aicardi S, Mandich A, Castellano M, Povero P. Population trends of the fan mussel Pinna nobilis from Portofino MPA (Ligurian Sea, Western Mediterranean Sea) before and after a mass mortality event and a catastrophic storm. The European Zoological Journal 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/24750263.2020.1850891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- F. Betti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Della Terra, Dell’Ambiente e Della Vita, Università Degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | | | - L. Merotto
- AMP Portofino, Corso Rainusso, Genova, Italy
| | | | - S. Ferrando
- Dipartimento di Scienze Della Terra, Dell’Ambiente e Della Vita, Università Degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - S. Aicardi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Della Terra, Dell’Ambiente e Della Vita, Università Degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - A. Mandich
- Dipartimento di Scienze Della Terra, Dell’Ambiente e Della Vita, Università Degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - M. Castellano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Della Terra, Dell’Ambiente e Della Vita, Università Degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - P. Povero
- Dipartimento di Scienze Della Terra, Dell’Ambiente e Della Vita, Università Degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Haro G, Mateu C, Martínez-Raga J, Valderrama JC, Castellano M, Cervera G. The role of personality disorders on drug dependence treatment outcomes following inpatient detoxification. Eur Psychiatry 2020; 19:187-92. [PMID: 15196598 DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2004.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractAimsThe present 6 month follow-up study was conducted to investigate the possible influence of comorbid personality disorders on drug treatment, as well as associated psychopathology and HIV-related risk behaviors outcomes.Subjects and methodsData were collected initially from a consecutive sample of 74 patients with a diagnosis of opiate abuse or dependence, admitted for inpatient detoxification.ResultDuring intake, 80.9% of patients reported at least one HIV-related risk behavior in the previous 6 months. Not using condoms during sexual intercourse was the most common and the only risk behavior that showed a statistically significant reduction over the follow-up period. A total of 58.1% of subjects had at least one personality disorder (PD). Borderline PD was the most prevalent. However, antisocial PD was the only PD that influenced substance use outcomes. The presence of this diagnosis increased the chance of worse opiate use outcomes, but decreased likelihood of not using condoms. Patients with low obsessive–compulsive PD dimensional scores showed a significant increase in the number of risk behaviors. However, these influences were only seen at the 3-month follow-up assessment.ConclusionsThese results suggest that personality disorders need to be considered when planning effective interventions for opiate dependent individuals and when preparing and evaluating HIV risk-reduction interventions, particularly for the more severe substance dependent patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Haro
- Servicio de Psiquiatría, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Avda. Vicente Blasco Ibáñez 17, Valencia 46010, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Cappelli C, Franco F, Pirola I, Gandossi E, Marini F, Di Lodovico E, Casella C, Lombardi D, Cristiano A, Ferlin A, Castellano M. Radiofrequency ablation of functioning and non-functioning thyroid nodules: a single institution 12-month survey. J Endocrinol Invest 2020; 43:477-482. [PMID: 31654311 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-019-01132-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Radiofrequency (RF) treatment has played an increasing role in the management of benign thyroid nodules in recent years. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the efficacy of RF treatment on volume reduction in functioning and non-functioning thyroid nodules. PATIENTS AND METHODS We reviewed the medical records of patients who had thyroid nodule RF ablation at our department between August 2017 and May 2018. Patients underwent a periodical follow-up with ultrasound examinations and thyroid function tests at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months from RF. Complications were assessed using the reporting standards of Interventional societies. RESULTS 43 patients were submitted to thyroid nodule RF ablation treatment. Patients were subdivided into two groups, those with functioning (17 patients) or non-functioning nodules. At baseline (i.e. pre-RF treatment), the two groups of patients were superimposable for gender, age, BMI, nodule volume and maximum nodule diameter. The volume reduction of all 43 nodules was 69.1 ± 17.3% (range 26.0-94.5%) with no difference between functioning and non-functioning lesions (72.9 ± 18.1% vs 66.7 ± 16.7%, p = 0.254). A total energy delivered per nodule was 16.5 ± 6.8 kJ, with no difference between functioning and non-functioning lesions (14.5 ± 7.2 kJ vs. 18.2 ± 6.3 kJ, p = 0.083, respectively). No major complications were observed. CONCLUSIONS Radiofrequency ablation is a clinically effective and safe outpatient treatment in patients with benign nodules. In particular, we showed that a single treatment is effective in restoring euthyroidism in patients with autonomously functioning thyroid nodules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Cappelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, SSD Medicina ad indirizzo Endocrino-metabolico, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123, Brescia, Italy.
| | - F Franco
- Department of Radiology, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - I Pirola
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, SSD Medicina ad indirizzo Endocrino-metabolico, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - E Gandossi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, SSD Medicina ad indirizzo Endocrino-metabolico, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - F Marini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, SSD Medicina ad indirizzo Endocrino-metabolico, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - E Di Lodovico
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, SSD Medicina ad indirizzo Endocrino-metabolico, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - C Casella
- 3rd Division of General Surgery, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - D Lombardi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - A Cristiano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, SSD Medicina ad indirizzo Endocrino-metabolico, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - A Ferlin
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, SSD Medicina ad indirizzo Endocrino-metabolico, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - M Castellano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, SSD Medicina ad indirizzo Endocrino-metabolico, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Brunengo E, Luciano G, Canu G, Canetti M, Conzatti L, Castellano M, Stagnaro P. Double-step moulding: An effective method to induce the formation of β-phase in PVDF. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.122345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
8
|
Romani V, Di Giorgio R, Castellano M, Barbato E, Galluccio G. Prevalence of craniomandibular disorders in orthodontic pediatric population and possible interactions with anxiety and stress. Eur J Paediatr Dent 2019; 19:317-323. [PMID: 30567451 DOI: 10.23804/ejpd.2018.19.04.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM To analyse the presence and prevalence of gnathologic problems in a sample of children, candidate for orthodontic treatment, and evaluate the relationship between psychological factors and gnathological problems. The purpose of this study was also to evaluate a simple protocol with specific psychological test and a questionnaire for the rapid diagnosis of gnathologic problems, useful for possible screening studies on a wider population. MATERIALS AND METHODS Study Design: Observational, cross-sectional study. Among the patients coming for a first orthodontic evaluation 106 children, aged between 8 and 16 years, were examined. A complete orthodontic evaluation was performed in all patients; the RCMAS (Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale) was used in the study to test the psychological condition, while the selected test for the diagnosis of gnathologic problems was the Fonseca Test. The prevalence of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) was evaluated with descriptive statistical analysis, and the eventually present correlation with a positive psycological test for anxiety has been evaluated with correlation parameters: c2 test of Pearson, and Cramer's V index. RESULTS The mean age of the children was 10.74 years. Females accounted for 55.66% of the total compared to 44.34% males. Signs and symptoms of TMD were present on average in 82% and 32% respectively. A remarkable amount of children also showed signs of psychological problems, mostly represented by anxiety. Positive correlation resulted between TMD (Fonseca scores) and increased overbite. Cross-correlations have been obtained, tested with Pearson c2 test and Cramer's V index, between level of anxiety, muscle pain on palpation, bad habits, and headache. The Class II subdivision molar class and altered canine relationship have been related to the presence of articular noise. CONCLUSION The protocol largely respected the need for speed of administration, comprehensiveness and reliability that we set out to achieve. Limited correlations have been assessed between occlusal conditions and positivity to the administrated tests. Further studies are desirable to increase the sample population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - R Di Giorgio
- Associate Professor, President of the Dental Hygiene Course B, Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Rome, Italy
| | - M Castellano
- DDS PHD, Clinical Instructor for the Master in Integrated Straight Wire Technique, Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Rome, Italy
| | - E Barbato
- Full Professor, Head of Orthodontic Unit, Director of Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Rome, Italy
| | - G Galluccio
- Associate Professor, Director of Post-Graduate Course in Functional Orthodontics, Vice-President of the Course for Dental Degree, Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Pirola I, Gandossi E, Brancato D, Marini F, Cristiano A, Delbarba A, Agosti B, Castellano M, Cappelli C. TSH evaluation in hypothyroid patients assuming liquid levothyroxine at breakfast or 30 min before breakfast. J Endocrinol Invest 2018; 41:1301-1306. [PMID: 29582344 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-018-0867-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare TSH levels of hypothyroid patients treated with liquid LT4 at breakfast or 30 min before breakfast. PATIENTS AND METHODS Subjects, aged 18-75 years old, were eligible if they presented hypothyroidism, due to Hashimoto's thyroiditis or after thyroidectomy for proven benign goiter. Seven hundred ninety-eight patients were recruited and enrolled in the study. Thirty-seven subjects withdrew from the trial. A total of 761 patients (mean age 46.2 ± 10.8 years) completed the study. The starting dose of LT4 was determined through clinical judgment, taking into account TSH levels, estimated residual thyroid function, age, body weight and comorbidities. All patients underwent TSH, fT4, and fT3 evaluation to verify achievement of euthyroidism with their initial fasting state assumption of LT4 after 8 weeks of therapy. If euthyroidism was not achieved, an appropriately adjusted LT4 dose was administered for 8 weeks, after which thyroid function parameters were checked again. If euthyroidism was achieved, the patients were asked to take LT4 at breakfast and hormone levels were checked again after 6 months. RESULTS At the end of the study period, no significant differences in serum TSH level were observed whether LT4 was ingested at breakfast or 30 min prior in a fasting state: 2.61 ± 1.79 vs. 2.54 ± 1.86 mIU/L, respectively (p = 0.455). CONCLUSIONS This study confirms in a large set of patients that a liquid LT4 formulation can be taken directly at breakfast and potentially improve therapeutic compliance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Pirola
- Endocrine and Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, c/o 2° Medicina Spedali Civili di Brescia, Piazzale Spedali Civili n°1, 25100, Brescia, Italy
| | - E Gandossi
- Endocrine and Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, c/o 2° Medicina Spedali Civili di Brescia, Piazzale Spedali Civili n°1, 25100, Brescia, Italy
| | - D Brancato
- Department of Internal Medicine, Regional Reference Center for Diabetology, Hospital of Partinico, Palermo, Italy
| | - F Marini
- Endocrine and Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, c/o 2° Medicina Spedali Civili di Brescia, Piazzale Spedali Civili n°1, 25100, Brescia, Italy
| | - A Cristiano
- Endocrine and Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, c/o 2° Medicina Spedali Civili di Brescia, Piazzale Spedali Civili n°1, 25100, Brescia, Italy
| | - A Delbarba
- Endocrine and Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, c/o 2° Medicina Spedali Civili di Brescia, Piazzale Spedali Civili n°1, 25100, Brescia, Italy
| | - B Agosti
- Endocrine and Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, c/o 2° Medicina Spedali Civili di Brescia, Piazzale Spedali Civili n°1, 25100, Brescia, Italy
| | - M Castellano
- Endocrine and Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, c/o 2° Medicina Spedali Civili di Brescia, Piazzale Spedali Civili n°1, 25100, Brescia, Italy
| | - C Cappelli
- Endocrine and Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, c/o 2° Medicina Spedali Civili di Brescia, Piazzale Spedali Civili n°1, 25100, Brescia, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Quiros-Roldan E, Zanini B, Ferraresi A, Castellano M, Giustini V, Sottini A, Castelli F, Imberti L. Peripheral loss of regulatory T cells and polyautoimmunity in an HIV-infected patient. Int J STD AIDS 2018; 29:1345-1347. [PMID: 30049261 DOI: 10.1177/0956462418785997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We report a case of a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/hepatitis C virus-co-infected patient with an optimal virological status but with a poor CD4+ cell profile, followed up in the University Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases of Brescia, Italy. He presented several autoimmune diseases (ADs) over the years concomitant with CD4+ cell increase episodes following severe immune depression of unknown cause. We studied T- and B-cell subsets and found low levels of K-deleting Recombination Excision Circles, T-cell Receptor Excision Circles and B and T memory subpopulations, which indicated that the bone marrow and thymic outputs were lower than in healthy controls. The most relevant phenotypic alteration was in the regulatory T-cell (Treg) population, because total Tregs as well as naïve, central memory and effector memory cells were detected at very low levels. This was the first case of polyautoimmunity defined as the presence of more than one AD in the same individual, occurring in an HIV patient. Several factors may be implicated, including genetic susceptibility, environmental factors, concomitant therapies and dysregulation of immune system cells. The extremely low number of Tregs found in our patient may play a major role in the regulation of the immune response and the development of all ADs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Quiros-Roldan
- 1 University Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, ASST Spedali Civili and University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - B Zanini
- 2 Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - A Ferraresi
- 1 University Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, ASST Spedali Civili and University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - M Castellano
- 3 Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, ASST Spedali Civili and University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - V Giustini
- 4 Diagnostics Department, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - A Sottini
- 4 Diagnostics Department, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - F Castelli
- 1 University Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, ASST Spedali Civili and University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - L Imberti
- 4 Diagnostics Department, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Castellano M, Ferrando-Soria J, Moliner N, Cano J, Julve M, Lloret F. Growth of thin films of single-chain magnets on functionalized silicon surfaces. J COORD CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2018.1435868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Castellano
- Institut de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - J. Ferrando-Soria
- Institut de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - N. Moliner
- Institut de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - J. Cano
- Institut de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - M. Julve
- Institut de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - F. Lloret
- Institut de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Bisesto FG, Castellano M, Chiadroni E, Cianchi A. Zemax simulations describing collective effects in transition and diffraction radiation. Opt Express 2018; 26:5075-5082. [PMID: 29475349 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.005075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Transition and diffraction radiation from charged particles is commonly used for diagnostics purposes in accelerator facilities as well as THz sources for spectroscopy applications. Therefore, an accurate analysis of the emission process and the transport optics is crucial to properly characterize the source and precisely retrieve beam parameters. In this regard, we have developed a new algorithm, based on Zemax, to simulate both transition and diffraction radiation as generated by relativistic electron bunches, therefore considering collective effects. In particular, unlike other previous works, we take into account electron beam physical size and transverse momentum, reproducing some effects visible on the produced radiation, not observable in a single electron analysis. The simulation results have been compared with two experiments showing an excellent agreement.
Collapse
|
13
|
Stagnaro P, Schizzi I, Utzeri R, Marsano E, Castellano M. Alginate-polymethacrylate hybrid hydrogels for potential osteochondral tissue regeneration. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 185:56-62. [PMID: 29421060 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Porous scaffolds based on alginate-polymethacrylate hybrid hydrogels intended for bone and cartilage regeneration were prepared through controlled calcium ions diffusion from an agar mould. The double interconnected network of such materials combines into a single porous structure maintained by both noncovalent crosslinks (calcium ions for alginate) and covalent crosslinks (polymethacrylate crosslinked by the addition of mixtures of mono and bifunctional monomers). The alginate component ensures the appropriate micro-environment to mimic the extra-cellular matrix, whereas the polymethacrylate improves the mechanical performances of the hybrid hydrogels, helping to overcome the mechanical limitations of the alginate component. Morphological characterization and porosity analysis of the hybrid scaffolds were assessed by scanning electron microscopy and micro-computed tomography. Relative concentration and distribution of calcium ions were evaluated by atomic absorption and dispersive X-ray analysis, respectively. Uniaxial compressive mechanical tests were conducted to evaluate the compressive elastic modulus of the hybrid hydrogels that was correlated with their swelling ratio and crosslinking degree. As was envisaged a much higher modulus (about seven times) was obtained for the hybrid Alg/HE hydrogel than with alginate alone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Stagnaro
- Istituto per lo Studio delle Macromolecole, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via De Marini 6, 16149 Genova, Italy.
| | - I Schizzi
- Istituto per lo Studio delle Macromolecole, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via De Marini 6, 16149 Genova, Italy
| | - R Utzeri
- Istituto per lo Studio delle Macromolecole, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via De Marini 6, 16149 Genova, Italy
| | - E Marsano
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - M Castellano
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genova, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Cappelli C, Pirola I, Agosti B, Tironi A, Gandossi E, Incardona P, Marini F, Guerini A, Castellano M. Complications after fine-needle aspiration cytology: a retrospective study of 7449 consecutive thyroid nodules. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2017; 55:266-269. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2016.11.321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
15
|
Castellano M, Cuenca-Royo A, Forcano L, Soria-Frisch A, Ruffini G, Torre RDL. New approaches for the treatment of morbid obesity: tDCS plus Cognitive Training (CT), a pilot study. Brain Stimul 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2017.01.350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
|
16
|
Castellano M, Ibanez-Soria D, Acedo J, Kroupi E, Martinez X, Soria-Frisch A, Dunne S, Valls-Sole J, Verma A, Ruffini G. Influence of burst tACS on the neural oscillations and detection of change in visual task. Brain Stimul 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2017.01.327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
|
17
|
Bertolino M, Oprandi A, Santini C, Castellano M, Pansini M, Boyer M, Bavestrello G. Hydrothermal waters enriched in silica promote the development of a sponge community in North Sulawesi (Indonesia). The European Zoological Journal 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/11250003.2016.1278475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Bertolino
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra dell’Ambiente e della Vita (DISTAV), Università degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - A. Oprandi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra dell’Ambiente e della Vita (DISTAV), Università degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - C. Santini
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra dell’Ambiente e della Vita (DISTAV), Università degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - M. Castellano
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra dell’Ambiente e della Vita (DISTAV), Università degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - M. Pansini
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra dell’Ambiente e della Vita (DISTAV), Università degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - M. Boyer
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra dell’Ambiente e della Vita (DISTAV), Università degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - G. Bavestrello
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra dell’Ambiente e della Vita (DISTAV), Università degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Pompili R, Anania MP, Bisesto F, Botton M, Castellano M, Chiadroni E, Cianchi A, Curcio A, Ferrario M, Galletti M, Henis Z, Petrarca M, Schleifer E, Zigler A. Sub-picosecond snapshots of fast electrons from high intensity laser-matter interactions. Opt Express 2016; 24:29512-29520. [PMID: 28059338 DOI: 10.1364/oe.24.029512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The interaction of a high-intensity short-pulse laser with thin solid targets produces electron jets that escape the target and positively charge it, leading to the formation of the electrostatic potential that in turn governs the ion acceleration. The typical timescale of such phenomena is on the sub-picosecond level. Here we show, for the first time, temporally-resolved measurements of the first released electrons that escaped from the target, so-called fast electrons. Their total charge, energy and temporal profile are provided by means of a diagnostics based on Electro-Optical Sampling with temporal resolution below 100 fs.
Collapse
|
19
|
Pompili R, Anania MP, Bisesto F, Botton M, Castellano M, Chiadroni E, Cianchi A, Curcio A, Ferrario M, Galletti M, Henis Z, Petrarca M, Schleifer E, Zigler A. Femtosecond dynamics of energetic electrons in high intensity laser-matter interactions. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35000. [PMID: 27713541 PMCID: PMC5054520 DOI: 10.1038/srep35000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Highly energetic electrons are generated at the early phases of the interaction of short-pulse high-intensity lasers with solid targets. These escaping particles are identified as the essential core of picosecond-scale phenomena such as laser-based acceleration, surface manipulation, generation of intense magnetic fields and electromagnetic pulses. Increasing the number of the escaping electrons facilitate the late time processes in all cases. Up to now only indirect evidences of these important forerunners have been recorded, thus no detailed study of the governing mechanisms was possible. Here we report, for the first time, direct time-dependent measurements of energetic electrons ejected from solid targets by the interaction with a short-pulse high-intensity laser. We measured electron bunches up to 7 nanocoulombs charge, picosecond duration and 12 megaelectronvolts energy. Our ’snapshots’ capture their evolution with an unprecedented temporal resolution, demonstrat- ing a significant boost in charge and energy of escaping electrons when increasing the geometrical target curvature. These results pave the way toward significant improvement in laser acceleration of ions using shaped targets allowing the future development of small scale laser-ion accelerators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Pompili
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - M P Anania
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - F Bisesto
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - M Botton
- Racah Institute of Physics, Hebrew University, 91904 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - M Castellano
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - E Chiadroni
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - A Cianchi
- University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - A Curcio
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - M Ferrario
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - M Galletti
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - Z Henis
- Racah Institute of Physics, Hebrew University, 91904 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - M Petrarca
- University of Rome Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - E Schleifer
- Racah Institute of Physics, Hebrew University, 91904 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - A Zigler
- Racah Institute of Physics, Hebrew University, 91904 Jerusalem, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Ilisso CP, Castellano M, Zappavigna S, Lombardi A, Vitale G, Dicitore A, Cacciapuoti G, Caraglia M, Porcelli M. Erratum to: The methyl donor S-adenosylmethionine potentiates doxorubicin effects on apoptosis of hormone-dependent breast cancer cell lines. Endocrine 2016; 53:875. [PMID: 27393299 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-016-1001-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Concetta Paola Ilisso
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Via L. De Crecchio 7, Naples, 80138, Italy
| | - Maria Castellano
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Via L. De Crecchio 7, Naples, 80138, Italy
| | - Silvia Zappavigna
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Via L. De Crecchio 7, Naples, 80138, Italy.
| | - Angela Lombardi
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Via L. De Crecchio 7, Naples, 80138, Italy
| | - Giovanni Vitale
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Via Zucchi 18, Cusano Milanino (MI), 20095, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Dicitore
- Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Via Zucchi 18, Cusano Milanino (MI), 20095, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanna Cacciapuoti
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Via L. De Crecchio 7, Naples, 80138, Italy
| | - Michele Caraglia
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Via L. De Crecchio 7, Naples, 80138, Italy
| | - Marina Porcelli
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Via L. De Crecchio 7, Naples, 80138, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Abstract
The levels of Cr (2.49±0.89 ppm), Mn (5.08 ± 1.60 ppm), Ni (1.81±0.95 ppm) and Pb (4.43 ± 3.12 ppm) were measured in dessicated liver from 44 cases of sudden traumatic death considered as representative of the general population in our area, after ruling out the presence of any underlying disease. Atomic absorption spectrophotometry and electrothermal atomitazion was carried out after hot, acid digestion, of the dessicated samples. After cancelling the influence of age and cause of death, a significant, positive correlation between Cr/Mn (P = 0.0009; R = 0.493) and Cr/Ni ( P = 0.0245; R = 0.347) levels was found.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M A Bona
- Chair of Legal Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Venturini S, Massa F, Castellano M, Costa S, Lavarello I, Olivari E, Povero P. Recreational Boating in Ligurian Marine Protected Areas (Italy): A Quantitative Evaluation for a Sustainable Management. Environ Manage 2016; 57:163-175. [PMID: 26289349 DOI: 10.1007/s00267-015-0593-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Recreational boating is an important economic activity that can also represent a powerful source of interference for biological communities. The monitoring of the recreational boating in all Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) within the Liguria region was conducted in the 2010 summer season and it allowed to obtain information not provided by any official institution. The collaboration of geographically different MPAs in Liguria has led to the implementation of a monitoring framework of recreational boating, and this has made it possible to develop uniform management strategies for all the Ligurian marine parks. This study identifies the optimal number of boats for each MPAs, the number of boats that can anchor in the various parks without creating any impact on the biocenosis of merit, providing a first characterization of recreational boating in Liguria during the high touristic season and providing management recommendation to each MPAs. Generally, the Ligurian MPAs do not present critical situations, the number of boats in each MPA being below the optimal number, with the exception of Portofino MPA, where in the 12.5 % of monitored days more than 220 boats were counted and the mean density for weekend is 1.19 no boats/ha (4 times higher than weekday). The results confirm the dependence of the boats peaking from the holidays and the months of the summer, but also it highlights other factors that can contribute in the choice of the boaters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Venturini
- Portofino Marine Protected Area, Viale Rainusso 1, 16038, Genoa, Santa Margherita Ligure, Italy.
| | - F Massa
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell'Ambiente e della Vita (DISTAV), Università degli Studi di Genova, Corso Europa 26, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - M Castellano
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell'Ambiente e della Vita (DISTAV), Università degli Studi di Genova, Corso Europa 26, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - S Costa
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell'Ambiente e della Vita (DISTAV), Università degli Studi di Genova, Corso Europa 26, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - I Lavarello
- Cinque Terre Marine Protected Area, Via Discovolo snc c/o Stazione Manarola, 19017, La Spezia, Riomaggiore, Italy
| | - E Olivari
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell'Ambiente e della Vita (DISTAV), Università degli Studi di Genova, Corso Europa 26, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - P Povero
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell'Ambiente e della Vita (DISTAV), Università degli Studi di Genova, Corso Europa 26, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Cutroneo L, Castellano M, Carbone C, Consani S, Gaino F, Tucci S, Magrì S, Povero P, Bertolotto RM, Canepa G, Capello M. Evaluation of the boundary condition influence on PAH concentrations in the water column during the sediment dredging of a port. Mar Pollut Bull 2015; 101:583-593. [PMID: 26517941 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.10.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Revised: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The mobilisation of sediments and related contaminants connected to dredging activities is one of the most critical issues to the environmental risk and exposure assessment of a dredging project. The aim of this paper was an investigation of the mobilisation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) due to the dredging of the Port of Genoa (Italy) to identify the temporal and spatial extent of the contaminant transport, and the influence of the dredging and the boundary conditions on it. The results showed relatively low background PAH concentrations in the water column and confirmed the dredging as the primary rising factor of concentrations in the water column, but also showed a complex scenario in which the different environmental and dredging factors forced the concentrations at different levels and moments. The post dredging phase showed PAH values close to the background conditions and the concentrations remained relatively high only for a few PAHs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Cutroneo
- DISTAV, University of Genoa, 26 Corso Europa, Genoa I-16132, Italy
| | - M Castellano
- DISTAV, University of Genoa, 26 Corso Europa, Genoa I-16132, Italy
| | - C Carbone
- DISTAV, University of Genoa, 26 Corso Europa, Genoa I-16132, Italy
| | - S Consani
- DISTAV, University of Genoa, 26 Corso Europa, Genoa I-16132, Italy
| | - F Gaino
- ARPAL, Ligurian Environmental Protection Agency, 8 Via Bombrini, Genoa I-16149, Italy
| | - S Tucci
- DISTAV, University of Genoa, 26 Corso Europa, Genoa I-16132, Italy
| | - S Magrì
- ARPAL, Ligurian Environmental Protection Agency, 8 Via Bombrini, Genoa I-16149, Italy
| | - P Povero
- DISTAV, University of Genoa, 26 Corso Europa, Genoa I-16132, Italy
| | - R M Bertolotto
- ARPAL, Ligurian Environmental Protection Agency, 8 Via Bombrini, Genoa I-16149, Italy
| | - G Canepa
- Port Authority of Genoa, Palazzo San Giorgio, 2 Via della Mercanzia, Genoa I-16123, Italy
| | - M Capello
- DISTAV, University of Genoa, 26 Corso Europa, Genoa I-16132, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Ilisso CP, Castellano M, Zappavigna S, Lombardi A, Vitale G, Dicitore A, Cacciapuoti G, Caraglia M, Porcelli M. The methyl donor S-adenosylmethionine potentiates doxorubicin effects on apoptosis of hormone-dependent breast cancer cell lines. Endocrine 2015; 50:212-22. [PMID: 25577236 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-014-0484-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we have investigated the antiproliferative effect of AdoMet and Doxorubicin (Doxo), alone or in combination, on different breast cancer cell lines. For the evaluation of synergism, we have calculated the combination index (CI) by the Calcusyn software and we have evaluated the effects of the combination on apoptosis occurrence at FACS analysis in hormone-dependent CG5 cell line. We have found that AdoMet and Doxo given in combination were strongly synergistic in the hormone-dependent CG5 and MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line, as a CI50 < 0.5 was found after 72 h of treatment while the effect was only additive in hormone-independent MDA-MB 231 cells. On the basis of our results, we have selected a combination of AdoMet and Doxo, that was highly synergistic and we have found that the AdoMet in combination with Doxo increased apoptosis induced by Doxo alone, suggesting that the synergism on growth inhibition was largely due to apoptosis. Notably, the AdoMet/Doxo combination induced a significant activation of caspases 3, and 8, while no effect was found on caspase 9 cleavage. In contrast, no significant changes of the expression of cleaved caspase 8 and 9 were found in cells treated with AdoMet and Doxo alone. Moreover, the combination induced a significant increase of Fas and FasL expression. These results highlight the importance of the synergistic effect of AdoMet with Doxo in the regulation of hormone-dependent breast cancer cell proliferation and emphasize the anti-tumor activity of these molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Concetta Paola Ilisso
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Pepe P, Castellano M, Alfano S, Della Pepa M, Tirino V, Piemonte M, Desiderio V, Zappavigna S, Galdiero M, Caraglia M, Cringoli G, Rinaldi L, Galdiero M. Dicrocoelium dendriticum induces autophagic vacuoles accumulation in human hepatocarcinoma cells. Vet Parasitol 2015; 212:175-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2015.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Revised: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
26
|
De Ciuceis C, Rossini C, Airò P, Scarsi M, Tincani A, Merigo G, Porteri E, Petroboni B, Gavazzi A, Rosei CA, Castellano M, Mori L, Sarkar A, La Boria E, Duse S, Semeraro F, Pileri P, Agabiti Rosei E, Rizzoni D. PP.27.10. J Hypertens 2015. [DOI: 10.1097/01.hjh.0000468521.13804.8f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
27
|
Castellano M, Lilli C, Barbato E, Santilli V, Galluccio G. Craniofacial asymmetry in non-syndromic orthodontic subjects: clinical and postural evaluation. Cranio 2015; 34:144-54. [PMID: 25845524 DOI: 10.1179/2151090315y.0000000009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible influence of a malocclusion pattern on a patient's posture. METHODS Patients affected by symmetric malocclusion or malocclusion with mild to moderate non-syndromic craniofacial asymmetry were submitted to a clinical and X-ray evaluation. Subjects with symmetric skeletal class I were used as the control group. Evaluation of differences in postural pattern was performed using rasterstereography. RESULTS Statistical analysis (t-test) was performed on 61 patients divided in homogeneous subgroups. The results show a pelvic torsion angle of 1.08° + 3.00° (P = 0.0023) (normal value (NV) = 0.0-1.9°) in subjects presenting skeletal class II z asymmetry (control group: 1.17° ± 1.25°, not significant (NS)). CONCLUSIONS The present study shows evidence of a relationship between malocclusion and spinal posture. A better understanding of the relationship between malocclusion and posture may help in planning a multidisciplinary approach that could involve other specialists.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Castellano
- a Department of Oral and Maxillo Facial Sciences , Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - C Lilli
- a Department of Oral and Maxillo Facial Sciences , Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - E Barbato
- a Department of Oral and Maxillo Facial Sciences , Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - V Santilli
- b Department of Orthopedic Science , Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - G Galluccio
- a Department of Oral and Maxillo Facial Sciences , Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Vicini S, Castellano M, Princi E. Evaluation of enthalpy of mixing by calorimetric method: effect of hydrogen bonding in poly(4-hydroxy styrene)-based blends. Polym Bull (Berl) 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-015-1302-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
29
|
Santini P, Ferguson HC, Fontana A, Mobasher B, Barro G, Castellano M, Finkelstein SL, Grazian A, Hsu LT, Lee B, Lee SK, Pforr J, Salvato M, Wiklind T, Wuyts S, Almaini O, Cooper MC, Galametz A, Weiner B, Amorin R, Boutsia K, Conselice CJ, Dahlen T, Dickinson ME, Giavalisco M, Grogin NA, Guo Y, Hathi NP, Kocevski D, Koekemoer AM, Kurczynski P, Merlin E, Mortlock A, Newman JA, Paris D, Pentericci L, Simons R, Willner SP. STELLAR MASSES FROM THE CANDELS SURVEY: THE GOODS-SOUTH AND UDS FIELDS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1088/0004-637x/801/2/97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
30
|
Cappelli C, Pirola I, Daffini L, Gandossi E, Agosti B, Castellano M. Thyroid hormonal profile in elderly patients treated with two different levothyroxine formulations: A single institute survey. Eur Geriatr Med 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurger.2014.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
31
|
Pentericci L, Vanzella E, Fontana A, Castellano M, Treu T, Mesinger A, Dijkstra M, Grazian A, Bradač M, Conselice C, Cristiani S, Dunlop J, Galametz A, Giavalisco M, Giallongo E, Koekemoer A, McLure R, Maiolino R, Paris D, Santini P. NEW OBSERVATIONS OFz∼ 7 GALAXIES: EVIDENCE FOR A PATCHY REIONIZATION. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1088/0004-637x/793/2/113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
32
|
Pirola I, Daffini L, Gandossi E, Lombardi D, Formenti A, Castellano M, Cappelli C. Comparison between liquid and tablet levothyroxine formulations in patients treated through enteral feeding tube. J Endocrinol Invest 2014; 37:583-7. [PMID: 24789541 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-014-0082-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The majority of clinicians suggest that enteral feedings should be held 1-2 h prior to and after L-T4 administration despite lack of data for continuous enteral nutrition. AIM The aim of this study was to: (1) compare the thyroid hormonal profile in patients submitted to L-T4 treatment in tablets or liquid formulation with an enteral feeding tube; (2) evaluate the nursing compliance with the two different formulations. SUBJECTS AND METHODS 20 euthyroid patients submitted to total laryngectomy and thyroidectomy consecutively started L-T4 treatment in tablets (Group T) or in liquid formulation (Group L) with enteral feeding tube the day after surgery. Tablets were crushed before administration and enteral feeding was stopped for 30 min before and after L-T4 treatment, whereas liquid formulation was placed into the nasoenteric tube immediately. A questionnaire about the preparation and administration of thyroxine replacement therapy was given to the nurses. RESULTS No difference of TSH, fT4 and fT3 before and after L-T4 treatment was observed among patients of Group L. A slightly serum TSH increase was observed in Group T, but not reaching statistical significance (2.50 ± 1.18 vs 2.94 ± 1.22 mUI/L), whereas no difference in fT4 and fT3 levels was found. Preparation and administration of liquid L-T4 was considered excellent by 12/13 nurses, whereas tablet formulation was considered poor by 10/13. CONCLUSIONS Our data showed that liquid L-T4 formulation can be administered directly through feeding tube with no need for an empty stomach, with a significant improvement in therapy preparation and administration by nurses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Pirola
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Endocrine and Metabolic Unit, Clinica Medica, University of Brescia, c/o 1^ Medicina Spedali Civili di Brescia, Piazzale Spedali Civili n°1, Brescia, 25100, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Cappelli C, Pirola I, Gandossi E, Formenti AM, Agosti B, Castellano M. Ultrasound findings of subacute thyroiditis: a single institution retrospective review. Acta Radiol 2014; 55:429-33. [PMID: 23969266 DOI: 10.1177/0284185113498721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High resolution ultrasonography features have also been described as having a useful supporting role in the diagnosis of subacute granulomatous thyroiditis (ST), and images are generally characterized by heterogeneous hypoechoic areas of the affected tissue with lack of flow on color Doppler US. PURPOSE To determine the sonographic features of subacute granulomatous thyroiditis. MATERIAL AND METHODS We reviewed the medical records of patients referred at the Endocrine and Metabolic Unit of our Institution between January 2010 and December 2011. RESULTS A total of 7520 patients were evaluated in our department between January 2010 and December 2011. Among them, 22 (0.3%) patients had a diagnosis of ST (19 women and 3 men, 45.4 ± 9.7 year; range, 33-62 years). Ultrasound examination showed bilateral ST in 64% of patients. Thyroid volume was 13.2 ± 7.7 mL, without difference if ST was unilateral (13.2 ± 7.1 mL) or bilateral (13.9 ± 8.3 mL). On grayscale US, heterogeneous diffusely or focally marked hypoechoic areas, like "lava flow", were found in all the lesions. CONCLUSION Our data confirm the high sensitivity of US in the diagnosis of ST: diffuse hypoechoic and confluent areas with the characteristic features like "lava flow".
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Cappelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Endocrine and Metabolic Unit, University of Brescia, Italy
| | - I Pirola
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Endocrine and Metabolic Unit, University of Brescia, Italy
| | - E Gandossi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Endocrine and Metabolic Unit, University of Brescia, Italy
| | - AM Formenti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Endocrine and Metabolic Unit, University of Brescia, Italy
| | - B Agosti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Endocrine and Metabolic Unit, University of Brescia, Italy
| | - M Castellano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Endocrine and Metabolic Unit, University of Brescia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Di Martino MT, Campani V, Misso G, Gallo Cantafio ME, Gullà A, Foresta U, Guzzi PH, Castellano M, Grimaldi A, Gigantino V, Franco R, Lusa S, Cannataro M, Tagliaferri P, De Rosa G, Tassone P, Caraglia M. In vivo activity of miR-34a mimics delivered by stable nucleic acid lipid particles (SNALPs) against multiple myeloma. PLoS One 2014; 9:e90005. [PMID: 24587182 PMCID: PMC3937395 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2013] [Accepted: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a disease with an adverse outcome and new therapeutic strategies are urgently awaited. A rising body of evidence supports the notion that microRNAs (miRNAs), master regulators of eukaryotic gene expression, may exert anti-MM activity. Here, we evaluated the activity of synthetic miR-34a in MM cells. We found that transfection of miR-34a mimics in MM cells induces a significant change of gene expression with relevant effects on multiple signal transduction pathways. We detected early inactivation of pro-survival and proliferative kinases Erk-2 and Akt followed at later time points by caspase-6 and -3 activation and apoptosis induction. To improve the in vivo delivery, we encapsulated miR-34a mimics in stable nucleic acid lipid particles (SNALPs). We found that SNALPs miR-34a were highly efficient in vitro in inhibiting growth of MM cells. Then, we investigated the activity of the SNALPs miR-34a against MM xenografts in SCID mice. We observed significant tumor growth inhibition (p<0.05) which translated in mice survival benefits (p = 0.0047). Analysis of miR-34a and NOTCH1 expression in tumor retrieved from animal demonstrated efficient delivery and gene modulation induced by SNALPs miR-34a in the absence of systemic toxicity. We here therefore provide evidence that SNALPs miR-34a may represent a promising tool for miRNA-therapeutics in MM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Di Martino
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University and Medical Oncology Unit, Catanzaro, Italy
- T. Campanella Cancer Center, “Salvatore Venuta” University Campus, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Virginia Campani
- Department of Pharmacy, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriella Misso
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Eugenia Gallo Cantafio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University and Medical Oncology Unit, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Annamaria Gullà
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University and Medical Oncology Unit, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Umberto Foresta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University and Medical Oncology Unit, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Pietro Hiram Guzzi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Laboratory of Bioinformatics Unit, “Salvatore Venuta” University Campus, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Castellano
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Grimaldi
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Gigantino
- Pathology Unit, National Institute of Tumours of Naples “Pascale”, Naples, Italy
| | - Renato Franco
- Pathology Unit, National Institute of Tumours of Naples “Pascale”, Naples, Italy
| | - Sara Lusa
- Department of Pharmacy, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Cannataro
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Laboratory of Bioinformatics Unit, “Salvatore Venuta” University Campus, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Pierosandro Tagliaferri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University and Medical Oncology Unit, Catanzaro, Italy
- T. Campanella Cancer Center, “Salvatore Venuta” University Campus, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giuseppe De Rosa
- Department of Pharmacy, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Pierfrancesco Tassone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University and Medical Oncology Unit, Catanzaro, Italy
- T. Campanella Cancer Center, “Salvatore Venuta” University Campus, Catanzaro, Italy
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Michele Caraglia
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Capello M, Cutroneo L, Ferranti MP, Budillon G, Bertolotto RM, Ciappa A, Cotroneo Y, Castellano M, Povero P, Tucci S. Simulations of dredged sediment spreading on a Posidonia oceanica meadow off the Ligurian coast, Northwestern Mediterranean. Mar Pollut Bull 2014; 79:196-204. [PMID: 24369883 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2012] [Revised: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The sandy deposits from dredging can have negative effects on the environment such as increase in suspended solids in the water column and their consequent transport. An experimental study was conducted to characterize water masses, dynamics, and sedimentation rates on the Ligurian continental shelf (Italy), where both a sand deposit, that could be used for beach nourishment, and a nearby Posidonia oceanica meadow coexist. The environmental plan provides a mathematical simulation of the sediment-dispersion to evaluate the possible impact on the meadow. It has been calculated that the dredging could double the concentration of suspended particles, but its scheduling will preclude a sediment accumulation. All the information obtained from this work will be used to study the environmental feasibility of the sand deposit exploitation and as starting point for drawing up the monitoring plan in case of dredging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Capello
- DISTAV, University of Genoa, 26 Corso Europa, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
| | - L Cutroneo
- DISTAV, University of Genoa, 26 Corso Europa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - M P Ferranti
- DISTAV, University of Genoa, 26 Corso Europa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - G Budillon
- DIST, University of Naples "Parthenope", Centro Direzionale di Napoli, Isola C4, 80133 Naples, Italy
| | - R M Bertolotto
- ARPAL, Ligurian Environmental Protection Agency, 8 Via Bombrini, 16149 Genoa, Italy
| | - A Ciappa
- egeos, Earth Observation, 71 Via Cannizzaro, 00156 Rome, Italy
| | - Y Cotroneo
- DIST, University of Naples "Parthenope", Centro Direzionale di Napoli, Isola C4, 80133 Naples, Italy
| | - M Castellano
- DISTAV, University of Genoa, 26 Corso Europa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - P Povero
- DISTAV, University of Genoa, 26 Corso Europa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - S Tucci
- DISTAV, University of Genoa, 26 Corso Europa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Nicoletti R, Ferranti P, Caira S, Misso G, Castellano M, Di Lorenzo G, Caraglia M. Myrtucommulone production by a strain of Neofusicoccum australe endophytic in myrtle (Myrtus communis). World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 30:1047-52. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-013-1523-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2013] [Accepted: 10/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
37
|
Vitale G, Lupoli G, Guarrasi R, Colao A, Dicitore A, Gaudenzi G, Misso G, Castellano M, Addeo R, Facchini G, Del Prete S, Caraglia M. Interleukin-2 and lanreotide in the treatment of medullary thyroid cancer: in vitro and in vivo studies. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2013; 98:E1567-74. [PMID: 23884781 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2013-1443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT To date no efficacious treatments are available for advanced medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). OBJECTIVE We investigated in vitro and in vivo a new strategy for the therapy of MTC, combining human recombinant IL-2 with lanreotide (LAN), a somatostatin analog. METHODS The in vitro effects of LAN on the sensitivity of TT cells, a MTC cell line, to IL-2-stimulated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells were determined by a lactate dehydrogenase release assay. In addition, we evaluated the toxicity, the effects on quality of life, and the antitumor activity of sc low-dose IL-2 in combination with LAN (90 mg every 28 days) in a series of 6 patients with symptomatic and advanced MTC. RESULTS The cytotoxicity of IL-2-activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells was significantly increased in TT cells treated with LAN or LAN plus IL-2 compared with that in TT cells without treatment. The therapy was well tolerated, and a statistically significant improvement of quality of life was observed in patients treated with the combination of LAN and IL-2. After 6 months of therapy, partial response and stable disease have been recorded in 2 and 3 patients, respectively, with a significant decrease in calcitonin levels in 3 patients. CONCLUSIONS Both in vitro and in vivo evidence suggests that the combination of LAN and IL-2 may have a role in the management of advanced and symptomatic MTC. However, these preliminary data require further validation in larger randomized trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Vitale
- Italian Auxologic Institute, University of Milan, Via Zucchi 18, Cusano Milanino (MI) 20095, Milan, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Condello M, Caraglia M, Castellano M, Arancia G, Meschini S. Structural and functional alterations of cellular components as revealed by electron microscopy. Microsc Res Tech 2013; 76:1057-69. [PMID: 23913635 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2013] [Revised: 06/26/2013] [Accepted: 07/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Scanning (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) are two fundamental microscopic techniques widely applied in biological research for the study of ultrastructural cell components. With these methods, especially TEM, it is possible to detect and quantify the morphological and ultrastructural parameters of intracellular organelles (mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, peroxisomes, endosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, cytoskeleton, nucleus, etc.) in normal and pathological conditions. The study of intracellular vesicle compartmentalization is raising even more interest in the light of the importance of intracellular localization of mediators of the signaling in eliciting different biological responses. The study of the morphology of some intracellular organelles can supply information on the bio-energetic status of the cells. TEM has also a pivotal role in the determination of different types of programmed cell death. In fact, the visualization of autophagosomes and autophagolysosomes is essential to determine the occurrence of autophagy (and also to discriminate micro-autophagy from macro-autophagy), while the presence of fragmented nuclei and surface blebbing is characteristic of apoptosis. SEM is particularly useful for the study of the morphological features of the cells and, therefore, can shed light, for instance, on cell-cell interactions. After a brief introduction on the basic principles of the main electron microscopy methods, the article describes some cell components with the aim to demonstrate the huge role of the ultrastructural analysis played in the knowledge of the relationship between function and structure of the biological objects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Condello
- Department of Technology and Health, Italian National Institute of Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy; Institute of Chemical Methodologies, National Research Council (CNR), P.le Aldo Moro 7, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Barbieri A, Barretta ML, Rea D, Picone C, Fabozzi O, Palma G, Antonio L, Federico A, Bimonte S, Setola F, De Lutio Di Castelguidone E, Castellano M, D'Errico AG, Caraglia M, Arra C. Intraluminal gel ultrasound and eco-color doppler: new tools for the study of colorectal cancer in mice. In Vivo 2013; 27:443-450. [PMID: 23812213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
AIM Azoxymethane (AOM) is a potent carcinogen that induces colorectal cancer in mice. Intraluminal gel ultrasound is a technique based on the injection of gel into the rectum. This technique allows the colon to be straightened and to visualize and identify tumours. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty female C57Bl/6J mice were injected intraperitoneally with 10 mg/kg of AOM one time per week for six weeks. The mice were monitored by ultrasound with a Vevo 2100 system. We evaluated the tumour area and tumour vasculature with Ecocolor-Doppler (ECD). Histological examination of sacrificed mice was employed as the standard protocol. RESULTS After 40 weeks from the injection, ultrasound analysis revealed the presence of tumours in 50% of all mice. Ex vivo analysis revealed the presence of 57% true-positives and only one false-positive. In two mice, ultrasound did not reveale the presence of tumour due to its small dimension. This indicates that ultrasound is able to detect only tumours with sizes ≥3 mm². CONCLUSION Ultrasound is a rapid examination compared to other diagnostic techniques. It has a good sensitivity when the tumours reach the dimensions of 3 mm² or more. Intraluminal gel allows for the tumour area to be evaluated when mice are still alive, while ECD allows for vasculature of intestinal walls and colorectal tumour to be evaluated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Barbieri
- Animal Facility, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori Fondazione Giovanni Pascale, IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Misso G, Zappavigna S, Castellano M, De Rosa G, Di Martino MT, Tagliaferri P, Tassone P, Caraglia M. Emerging pathways as individualized therapeutic target of multiple myeloma. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2013; 13 Suppl 1:S95-109. [PMID: 23738692 DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2013.807338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable plasma cell malignancy, which causes significant morbidity due to organ damage and bone tissue destruction. In recent years, novel drugs have become available for MM therapy thanks to the growing knowledge of disease pathobiology. AREAS COVERED Intrinsic genetic lesions, as well as the bone marrow microenvironment, contribute to the activation of proliferation and survival pathways, impairment of cell death mechanisms and drug resistance. The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and the Ras/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades are the signaling pathways mainly involved in the MM development. In the last decade, several molecules interfering with growth and survival promoting signaling have been developed. EXPERT OPINION Despite the availability of novel therapeutics, MM still evolves into a drug-resistant phase and most patients die of progressive disease. Therefore, there is an urgent need of novel therapeutic strategies. Among a plethora of new investigational agents, microRNA (miRNA) represents the basis for the design of novel therapeutic strategies which basically rely on miRNA inhibition or miRNA replacement approaches and take benefit respectively from the use of miRNA inhibitors or synthetic miRNAs as well as from lipid-based nanoparticles as carriers for in vivo delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Misso
- Second University of Naples, Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Via S.M. Costantinopoli, 16, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Petronzi C, Festa M, Peduto A, Castellano M, Marinello J, Massa A, Capasso A, Capranico G, La Gatta A, De Rosa M, Caraglia M, Filosa R. Cyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione-based antiproliferative agents: design, synthesis, and cytotoxic evaluation. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2013; 32:24. [PMID: 23631805 PMCID: PMC3666920 DOI: 10.1186/1756-9966-32-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2013] [Accepted: 04/12/2013] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumors are diseases characterized by uncontrolled cell growth and, in spite of the progress of medicine over the years, continue to represent a major threat to the health, requiring new therapies. Several synthetic compounds, such as those derived from natural sources, have been identified as anticancer drugs; among these compounds quinone represent the second largest class of anticancer agents in use. Several studies have shown that these act on tumor cells through several mechanisms. An important objective of this work is to develop quinoidscompounds showing antitumor activity, but with fewer side effects. The parachinone cannabinol HU-331, is a small molecule that with its core 4-hydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone, exhibits a potent and selective cytotoxic activity on different tumor cell lines. A series of derivatives 3-hydroxy-1,4-benzochinoni were thus developed through HU-331 chemical modifications. The purpose of the work is to test the ability of the compounds to induce proliferative inhibition and study the mechanisms of cell death. METHODS The antitumor activities were evaluated in vitro by examining their cytotoxic effects against different human cancer cell lines. All cell lines tested were plated in 96-multiwell and treated with HU-100-V at different concentrations and cell viability was evaluated byMTT assay. Subsequently via flow cytometry (FACS) it was possible to assess apoptosis by the system of double labeling with PI and Annexin-V, and the effect of the compounds on ROS formation by measuring the dichlorofluorescein fluorescence. RESULTS The substitution by n-hexyl chain considerably enhanced the bioactivity of the compounds. In details, 2-hexyl-5-hydroxycyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (V), 2,5-Dimethoxy-3-hexyl-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione (XII) and 2-hydroxy-5-methoxy-3-hexyl-cyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (XIII) showed most prominent cytotoxicity against almost human tumour cell lines. Compound V was further subjected to downstream apoptotic analysis, demostrating a time-dependent pro-apoptotic activity on human melanoma M14 cell line mediated by caspases activation and poly-(ADP-ribose)-polymerase (PARP) protein cleavage. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that 2-hexyl-5-idrossicicloesa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione can be a promising compound for the design of a new class of antineoplastic derivatives.Carmen Petronzi, Michela Festa, Antonella Peduto and Maria Castellano: equally contributed equally to this work.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Petronzi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Salerno, via Ponte Don Melillo, Fisciano, SA, 84084, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Chiadroni E, Bellaveglia M, Calvani P, Castellano M, Catani L, Cianchi A, Di Pirro G, Ferrario M, Gatti G, Limaj O, Lupi S, Marchetti B, Mostacci A, Pace E, Palumbo L, Ronsivalle C, Pompili R, Vaccarezza C. Characterization of the THz radiation source at the Frascati linear accelerator. Rev Sci Instrum 2013; 84:022703. [PMID: 23464185 DOI: 10.1063/1.4790429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The linac driven coherent THz radiation source at the SPARC-LAB test facility is able to deliver broadband THz pulses with femtosecond shaping. In addition, high peak power, narrow spectral bandwidth THz radiation can be also generated, taking advantage of advanced electron beam manipulation techniques, able to generate an adjustable train of electron bunches with a sub-picosecond length and with sub-picosecond spacing. The paper reports on the manipulation, characterization, and transport of the electron beam in the bending line transporting the beam down to the THz station, where different coherent transition radiation spectra have been measured and studied with the aim to optimize the THz radiation performances.
Collapse
|
43
|
Misso G, Porru M, Stoppacciaro A, Castellano M, De Cicco F, Leonetti C, Santini D, Caraglia M. Evaluation of the in vitro and in vivo antiangiogenic effects of denosumab and zoledronic acid. Cancer Biol Ther 2012; 13:1491-500. [PMID: 22990205 DOI: 10.4161/cbt.22274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Denosumab (Dmab) and zoledronic acid (ZOL) are antiresorptive agents, with different mechanisms of action, that are indicated for delaying the onset of skeletal-related events in patients with bone metastases from solid tumors. Clinical and preclinical data suggest that ZOL may have also anti-angiogenic activity; however, the effects of Dmab (a fully humanized antibody against the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand) on angiogenesis are largely unknown. The objective of this study was to compare the potential anti-angiogenic activity of Dmab with that of ZOL in preclinical models. Dmab (0.31 to 160 μM) had no effect on the viability of human MDA-MB-436 and CG5 breast cancer cells or human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and no effect on tubule formation or invasion of HUVECs. In contrast, ZOL (0.31 to 160 μM) decreased the viability of breast cancer and HUVECs in a time- and concentration-dependent manner and also inhibited HUVEC tubule formation and invasion. In vivo, ZOL (20 μg/mouse for three times a week for three consecutive weeks) inhibited angiogenesis in Matrigel plugs and inhibited the growth and neo-angiogenesis of CG5 xenografts in athymic nude mice. In contrast, Dmab (10 mg/Kg twice a week for 4 consecutive weeks) had no effect on Matrigel vascularization or xenograft growth in this model. These findings support the potential antiangiogenic and anticancer activity of ZOL in vitro and in vivo and further suggest that Dmab does not have antiangiogenic activity. Additional studies are needed to elucidate the potential anticancer activity of Dmab.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Misso
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Saini A, Tucci M, Tampellini M, Maina D, Bouraouia K, Giuliano P, Termine A, Castellano M, Campagna S, Laciura P, Berruti A. Circadian variation of breakthrough pain in cancer patients. Eur J Pain 2012; 17:264-70. [DOI: 10.1002/j.1532-2149.2012.00184.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Saini
- Medical Oncology; Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences; San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital; Orbassano; Italy
| | - M. Tucci
- Medical Oncology; Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences; San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital; Orbassano; Italy
| | - M. Tampellini
- Medical Oncology; Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences; San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital; Orbassano; Italy
| | - D. Maina
- Nurse Teaching Unit; San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital; Orbassano; Italy
| | - K. Bouraouia
- Nurse Teaching Unit; San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital; Orbassano; Italy
| | - P.L. Giuliano
- Medical Oncology; Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences; San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital; Orbassano; Italy
| | - A. Termine
- Laboratory of Internal Medicine; Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences; San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital; Orbassano; Italy
| | - M. Castellano
- Pain Management Center; San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital; Orbassano; Italy
| | - S. Campagna
- Nurse Teaching Unit; San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital; Orbassano; Italy
| | - P. Laciura
- Palliative Care Unit; Hospice; Local Health District Cuneo 1; Busca; Italy
| | - A. Berruti
- Medical Oncology; Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences; San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital; Orbassano; Italy
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Cappelli C, Rotondi M, Pirola I, De Martino E, Gandossi E, Agosti B, Agabiti Rosei E, Chiovato L, Castellano M. Usefulness of repeated recombinant human thyrotropin-stimulated thyroglobulin test in the post-surgical follow-up of very low-risk patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma. J Endocrinol Invest 2012; 35:459-63. [PMID: 22067268 DOI: 10.3275/8057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The European Thyroid Association (ETA) and the American Thyroid Association (ATA) guidelines identify subgroups of patients affected by thyroid carcinoma in whom, due to a low risk of recurrence, radioiodine ablation is not indicated. These patients are referred to as "very low-risk" according to the ETA consensus and "low-risk" patients according to the ATA guidelines. The recommended post-surgical follow-up of these patients is based upon periodical measurements of serum thyroglobulin (Tg) on levothyroxine therapy and neck ultrasound (US). AIM To evaluate the usefulness of recombinant human (rh)-TSH Tg test and its repetition 2-3 yr afterwards in very low-risk patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS We consecutively enrolled 32 patients with undetectable anti-Tg antibodies. Basal serum Tg levels was undetectable in all patients. RESULTS Following rhTSH serum Tg remained undetectable in 23 (71.9%) patients (UP) and was >1.0 ng/ml in 9 (DP). US and whole body scan, revealed lymph node metastasis in 4/9 DP patients. A second rhTSH stimulation test (36.9±3.5 months later) was performed in all UP and in 5 DP patients without proven recurrences. All the UP and 4/5 formerly DP patients showed undetectable Tg stimulation. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that rhTSH Tg test may be helpful in very low-risk patients, given its ability to differentiate those who may be considered "free of disease" from those who require further investigation and treatment. Repeated rhTSH Tg tests may be indicated only in patients with detectable serum Tg at prior stimulation testing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Cappelli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Internal Medicine and Endocrinology Unit, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Giacché M, Panarotto A, Mori L, Daffini L, Tacchetti MC, Pirola I, Agabiti Rosei E, Castellano M. A novel menin gene deletional mutation in a little series of Italian patients affected by apparently sporadic multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 syndrome. J Endocrinol Invest 2012; 35:124-8. [PMID: 22490989 DOI: 10.1007/bf03345419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIM To perform a genetic screening for the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) gene mutations in patients affected by an apparently sporadic form of the disease, referred to an internal medicine unit of a large general hospital. SUBJECTS AND METHODS In a group of 12 consecutive patients presenting clinical features of MEN type 1 syndrome, we performed a genetic screening for germline MEN1 gene mutations, including complete sequencing of the coding region (exons 2 to 10) and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification analysis for large deletion detection. RESULTS Among these patients affected by apparently sporadic MEN type 1 syndrome, a targeted clinical history could detect indirect support for a diagnosis of familial condition only in 2 cases. The genetic screening identified pathogenic germline MEN1 gene mutations in 3 patients (25%). A previously unknown 18 base-pair deletion within exon 3, c.564_581delCAATGGGGAGCAGACAGC, resulting in loss of 6 amino acids (pAsp189_Ala194del), was found in heterozygosis in a woman affected by primary hyperparathyroidism and multifocal pancreatic neoplasia. CONCLUSIONS Our results underscore the importance of performing genetic testing also in apparently sporadic MEN1 patients and extend the list of molecular variants leading to inactivation of the MEN1 gene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Giacché
- Internal Medicine Division, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Brescia – Spedali Civili of Brescia, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Giacche M, Mori L, Tacchetti MC, Panarotto A, Daffini L, Cappelli C, Agabiti Rosei E, Castellano M. TARGETED CLINICAL FOLLOW-UP FOR PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA/PARAGANGLIOMA IN A POPULATION OF SUSCEPTIBLE SUBJECTS IDENTIFIED BY GENETIC ANALYSIS. J Hypertens 2011. [DOI: 10.1097/00004872-201106001-00329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
48
|
Castellano M, Marsano E, Turturro A, Canetti M. Reactive blending of aromatic polyesters: Thermal and X-ray analysis of melt-blended poly(ethylene terephthalate)/poly(trimethylene terephthalate). J Appl Polym Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/app.33780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
49
|
De Ciuceis C, Pilu A, Cappelli C, Porteri E, Zani F, Santoro A, Gandossi E, Boari GEM, Rizzardi N, Castellano M, Rizzoni D, Agabiti Rosei E. Decreased number of circulating endothelial progenitor cells in patients with Graves' hyperthyroidism. J Endocrinol Invest 2011; 34:335-9. [PMID: 20585201 DOI: 10.1007/bf03347455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A relevant biological role of circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) was recently demonstrated. EPC are generated in the bone marrow, and interact with damaged endothelium, restoring the integrity of the monolayer. Therefore, aim of the present study was to evaluate EPC in the blood of patients with untreated Graves' hyperthyroidism (GD), in whom an increased oxidative stress was observed. DESIGN AND METHODS Twenty-three patients with untreated active GD and 18 matched normal controls (NC) were included in the study. Circulating EPC were isolated from peripheral blood. Mononuclear cells were cultured with endothelial basal medium supplemented with EGM SingleQuots, and were identified by positive double staining after 7 days in culture. Circulating levels of C reactive protein, total antioxidant power, interleukin (IL)-6, IL- 18, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, tumor necrosis facotr- α, soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM) and intracellular adhesion molecule were evaluated by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay kit. EPC number was also evaluated in a subgroup of GD patients after restoration of euthyroidism. RESULTS Systolic blood pressure resulted increased in GD patients compared with control subjects whereas diastolic blood pressure was not significantly different. Patients with GD showed an increase in circulating levels of IL-18 and VCAM-1 and a reduction of total antioxidant power (p<0.05) compared to NC. Moreover, a reduced number of EPC was observed in patients with GD compared to NC (p<0.05) which turned to NC values after restoring euthyroidism. CONCLUSION Patients with GD showed a reduction in the physiological protective mechanisms against endothelial damage, probably induced by increased inflammation and oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C De Ciuceis
- Clinica Medica, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Brescia, Spedali Civili, 25100 Brescia, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Giannessi L, Bacci A, Bellaveglia M, Briquez F, Castellano M, Chiadroni E, Cianchi A, Ciocci F, Couprie ME, Cultrera L, Dattoli G, Filippetto D, Del Franco M, Di Pirro G, Ferrario M, Ficcadenti L, Frassetto F, Gallo A, Gatti G, Labat M, Marcus G, Moreno M, Mostacci A, Pace E, Petralia A, Petrillo V, Poletto L, Quattromini M, Rau JV, Ronsivalle C, Rosenzweig J, Rossi AR, Rossi Albertini V, Sabia E, Serluca M, Spampinati S, Spassovsky I, Spataro B, Surrenti V, Vaccarezza C, Vicario C. Self-amplified spontaneous emission free-electron laser with an energy-chirped electron beam and undulator tapering. Phys Rev Lett 2011; 106:144801. [PMID: 21561195 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.106.144801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We report the first experimental implementation of a method based on simultaneous use of an energy chirp in the electron beam and a tapered undulator, for the generation of ultrashort pulses in a self-amplified spontaneous emission mode free-electron laser (SASE FEL). The experiment, performed at the SPARC FEL test facility, demonstrates the possibility of compensating the nominally detrimental effect of the chirp by a proper taper of the undulator gaps. An increase of more than 1 order of magnitude in the pulse energy is observed in comparison to the untapered case, accompanied by FEL spectra where the typical SASE spiking is suppressed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Giannessi
- ENEA C.R. Frascati, Via E. Fermi,45 00044 Frascati (RM), Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|