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Allouba M, Walsh R, Afify A, Hosny M, Halawa S, Galal A, Fathy M, Theotokis PI, Boraey A, Ellithy A, Buchan R, Govind R, Whiffin N, Anwer S, ElGuindy A, Ware JS, Barton PJR, Yacoub M, Aguib Y. Ethnicity, consanguinity, and genetic architecture of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Eur Heart J 2023; 44:5146-5158. [PMID: 37431535 PMCID: PMC10733735 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehad372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is characterized by phenotypic heterogeneity that is partly explained by the diversity of genetic variants contributing to disease. Accurate interpretation of these variants constitutes a major challenge for diagnosis and implementing precision medicine, especially in understudied populations. The aim is to define the genetic architecture of HCM in North African cohorts with high consanguinity using ancestry-matched cases and controls. METHODS AND RESULTS Prospective Egyptian patients (n = 514) and controls (n = 400) underwent clinical phenotyping and genetic testing. Rare variants in 13 validated HCM genes were classified according to standard clinical guidelines and compared with a prospective HCM cohort of majority European ancestry (n = 684). A higher prevalence of homozygous variants was observed in Egyptian patients (4.1% vs. 0.1%, P = 2 × 10-7), with variants in the minor HCM genes MYL2, MYL3, and CSRP3 more likely to present in homozygosity than the major genes, suggesting these variants are less penetrant in heterozygosity. Biallelic variants in the recessive HCM gene TRIM63 were detected in 2.1% of patients (five-fold greater than European patients), highlighting the importance of recessive inheritance in consanguineous populations. Finally, rare variants in Egyptian HCM patients were less likely to be classified as (likely) pathogenic compared with Europeans (40.8% vs. 61.6%, P = 1.6 × 10-5) due to the underrepresentation of Middle Eastern populations in current reference resources. This proportion increased to 53.3% after incorporating methods that leverage new ancestry-matched controls presented here. CONCLUSION Studying consanguineous populations reveals novel insights with relevance to genetic testing and our understanding of the genetic architecture of HCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Allouba
- Aswan Heart Centre, Magdi Yacoub Heart Foundation, Kasr El Haggar Street, Aswan 81512, Egypt
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, Guy Scadding Building, Dovehouse St, London SW3 6LY, UK
| | - Roddy Walsh
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, Guy Scadding Building, Dovehouse St, London SW3 6LY, UK
- Department of Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Alaa Afify
- Aswan Heart Centre, Magdi Yacoub Heart Foundation, Kasr El Haggar Street, Aswan 81512, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Hosny
- Aswan Heart Centre, Magdi Yacoub Heart Foundation, Kasr El Haggar Street, Aswan 81512, Egypt
- Cardiology Department, Kasr Al Aini Medical School, Cairo University, Kasr Al Aini Street, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Sarah Halawa
- Aswan Heart Centre, Magdi Yacoub Heart Foundation, Kasr El Haggar Street, Aswan 81512, Egypt
| | - Aya Galal
- Aswan Heart Centre, Magdi Yacoub Heart Foundation, Kasr El Haggar Street, Aswan 81512, Egypt
| | - Mariam Fathy
- Aswan Heart Centre, Magdi Yacoub Heart Foundation, Kasr El Haggar Street, Aswan 81512, Egypt
| | - Pantazis I Theotokis
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, Guy Scadding Building, Dovehouse St, London SW3 6LY, UK
| | - Ahmed Boraey
- Aswan Heart Centre, Magdi Yacoub Heart Foundation, Kasr El Haggar Street, Aswan 81512, Egypt
- Cardiology Department, Kasr Al Aini Medical School, Cairo University, Kasr Al Aini Street, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Amany Ellithy
- Aswan Heart Centre, Magdi Yacoub Heart Foundation, Kasr El Haggar Street, Aswan 81512, Egypt
| | - Rachel Buchan
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, Guy Scadding Building, Dovehouse St, London SW3 6LY, UK
- Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy’s and St. Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, Sydney St, London SW3 6NP, UK
| | - Risha Govind
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, Guy Scadding Building, Dovehouse St, London SW3 6LY, UK
- Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy’s and St. Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, Sydney St, London SW3 6NP, UK
- Present affiliation: Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
- Present affiliation: National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Nicola Whiffin
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, Guy Scadding Building, Dovehouse St, London SW3 6LY, UK
- Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy’s and St. Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, Sydney St, London SW3 6NP, UK
- Present affiliation: Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Dr, Headington, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Shehab Anwer
- Aswan Heart Centre, Magdi Yacoub Heart Foundation, Kasr El Haggar Street, Aswan 81512, Egypt
| | - Ahmed ElGuindy
- Aswan Heart Centre, Magdi Yacoub Heart Foundation, Kasr El Haggar Street, Aswan 81512, Egypt
| | - James S Ware
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, Guy Scadding Building, Dovehouse St, London SW3 6LY, UK
- Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy’s and St. Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, Sydney St, London SW3 6NP, UK
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, Du Cane Rd, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Paul J R Barton
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, Guy Scadding Building, Dovehouse St, London SW3 6LY, UK
- Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Guy’s and St. Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, Sydney St, London SW3 6NP, UK
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, Du Cane Rd, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Magdi Yacoub
- Aswan Heart Centre, Magdi Yacoub Heart Foundation, Kasr El Haggar Street, Aswan 81512, Egypt
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, Guy Scadding Building, Dovehouse St, London SW3 6LY, UK
- Harefield Heart Science Centre, Hill End Rd, Harefield, Uxbridge UB9 6JH, UK
| | - Yasmine Aguib
- Aswan Heart Centre, Magdi Yacoub Heart Foundation, Kasr El Haggar Street, Aswan 81512, Egypt
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, Guy Scadding Building, Dovehouse St, London SW3 6LY, UK
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Saleh AA, Hafez A, Amber K, Abdelhady AY, Salem HM, Fathy M, Kamal MA, Alagawany M, Alzawqari MH. Drug-independent control strategy of clostridial infection in broiler chickens using anti-toxin environmentally friendly multienzymes. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5614. [PMID: 37024623 PMCID: PMC10079847 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32685-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The study investigated the effect of enzymes as a toxin detoxifier (DETOXIZYME) dietary supplementation on performance during growth, blood chemistry, and immunity under clostridia infection in chickens. A total of 480, day-old male chicks were randomly distributed to four groups, with six replicates of 20 birds each. The first control negative treatment (A) fed the basal formula as commercial feed prepared following the strain's needs, the second control positive group (B) fed the basal formula challenged with Clostridium perfringens (C. perfringens) type A, the third group (C) fed the basal formula with 100 g DETOXIZYME/ton of feed and challenged with clostridia, and the fourth group (D) fed the control basal formula with 100 g DETOXIZYME/ton of feed. DETOXIZYME dietary supplementation significantly boosted body weight (BW), body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI), and European production efficiency factor (EPEF) and improved the feed conversion rate (FCR) of the broilers. The dietary supplementation of DETOXIZYME significantly increased carcass trait and spleen. However, liver and abdominal fat weight significantly decreased compared with clostridia-challenged groups. The values of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), uric acid, creatinine, and Malondialdehyde (MDA) were decreased. While calcium, phosphate, zinc, and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) levels were improved in birds that took basal formulas fortified with DETOXIZYME contrary to the other treatment groups during 35 days of age. Plasma total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) values were reduced versus the other treatment groups. Dietary supplementation of DETOXIZYME increased total protein, albumin, globulin, and Newcastle Disease (ND) immunity titer levels in the overall period compared to other groups. Dietary DETOXIZYME supplementation decreased clostridia and E. coli bacteria counts and improved gut morphometry. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of DETOXIZYME had a positive impact on performance, blood biochemistry, immunity, and bacterial counts and improved the gut morphology in broilers under clostridia infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A Saleh
- Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 333516, Egypt.
| | - Abdelhaleem Hafez
- Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 333516, Egypt
| | - Khairy Amber
- Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 333516, Egypt
| | - AbdelRahman Y Abdelhady
- Poultry Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Hadayek Shoubra, Cairo, 11241, Egypt
| | - Heba M Salem
- Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - M Fathy
- Department of Animal and Poultry Health, Desert Research Centre, Cairo, 11753, Egypt
| | - M A Kamal
- Department of Veterinary Hygiene and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Alagawany
- Department of Poultry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt.
| | - Mohammed H Alzawqari
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Ibb University, 70270, Ibb, Yemen
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Allouba M, Walsh R, Afify A, Halawa S, Galal A, Hosny M, Fathy M, Theotokis P, Whiffin N, Anwar S, Elguindy A, Ware J, Barton P, Aguib Y, Yacoub M. Homozygosity predominantly affects hypertrophic cardiomyopathy minor genes in an Egyptian clinical cohort. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.2880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Consanguinity is prevalent in Egypt (35%) resulting in a high incidence of homozygosity. The influence of homozygosity on the genetics of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM) has not been adequately studied.
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to define the genetic architecture of HCM in Egypt using ethnically-matched case and control cohorts.
Methods
Prospective Egyptian patients (n=514) and controls (n=400) were recruited to Aswan Heart Centre for clinical phenotyping and genetic testing for 174 genes implicated in inherited cardiac conditions (Illumina). Rare variation (gnomAD filtering allele frequency ≤4x10–5) in 13 validated HCM genes were classified according to the American College of Medical Genetics (ACMG) guidelines and compared with a prospective HCM cohort of predominantly European ancestry (n=684).
Results
Significantly fewer rare variants detected in Egyptian patients could be classified as (likely) pathogenic compared to Europeans (40.8% vs. 61.6%, p-value=1.6x10–5). Incorporating analysis from these Egyptian case-control cohorts into the ACMG guidelines increased this yield to 53.8%. Homozygous variants were more frequently observed in Egyptian patients (4.1% vs 0.1%, p-value=2x10–7), with variants in the minor HCM genes MYL2, MYL3 and CSRP3 more likely to present in homozygosity than the major genes (MYH7, MYBPC3 and troponins), suggesting such variants are less penetrant in the heterozygous state.
Conclusions
The integration of Egyptian-specific genetic and phenotypic data significantly improves variant interpretation in HCM and consequently the precision of genetic testing. The observed prevalence of homozygosity and rare variation in minor HCM genes in Egyptian patients provides important insights into its disease-mechanisms and genetics.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): Science and Technology Development FundAl Alfi Foundation
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Affiliation(s)
- M Allouba
- Aswan Heart Centre - Magdi Yacoub Foundation , Cairo , Egypt
| | - R Walsh
- Amsterdam UMC, Experimental Cardiology , Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - A Afify
- Aswan Heart Centre - Magdi Yacoub Foundation , Cairo , Egypt
| | - S Halawa
- Aswan Heart Centre - Magdi Yacoub Foundation , Cairo , Egypt
| | - A Galal
- Aswan Heart Centre - Magdi Yacoub Foundation , Cairo , Egypt
| | - M Hosny
- Aswan Heart Centre - Magdi Yacoub Foundation , Cairo , Egypt
| | - M Fathy
- Aswan Heart Centre - Magdi Yacoub Foundation , Cairo , Egypt
| | - P Theotokis
- National Heart and Lung Institute Imperial College , London , United Kingdom
| | - N Whiffin
- University of Oxford, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics , Oxford , United Kingdom
| | - S Anwar
- Aswan Heart Centre - Magdi Yacoub Foundation , Cairo , Egypt
| | - A Elguindy
- Aswan Heart Centre - Magdi Yacoub Foundation , Cairo , Egypt
| | - J Ware
- National Heart and Lung Institute Imperial College , London , United Kingdom
| | - P Barton
- National Heart and Lung Institute Imperial College , London , United Kingdom
| | - Y Aguib
- Aswan Heart Centre - Magdi Yacoub Foundation , Cairo , Egypt
| | - M Yacoub
- Aswan Heart Centre - Magdi Yacoub Foundation , Cairo , Egypt
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Mekkawy AI, Fathy M, Mohamed HB. Evaluation of Different Surface Coating Agents for Selenium Nanoparticles: Enhanced Anti-Inflammatory Activity and Drug Loading Capacity. Drug Des Devel Ther 2022; 16:1811-1825. [PMID: 35719212 PMCID: PMC9205440 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s360344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammation is the keystone in the disease’s pathological process in response to any damaging stimuli. Therefore, any agent that inhibits the inflammatory response is under focus, either a drug or a bioactive compound. Selenium nanoparticles have drawn attention in various biomedical applications, including the anti-inflammatory activity. Purpose In the current study, we aimed to evaluate the capacity of different surface coating materials (soybean lecithin, PEG 6000, and β-cyclodextrin) to enhance the anti-inflammatory activity of the synthesized selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs). The capability of the coated SeNPs to adsorb indomethacin (IND) on their surfaces compared to the uncoated SeNPs was also evaluated. Methods SeNPs were synthesized, coated with different materials, and characterized in vitro using X-ray diffraction, UV-Vis spectrophotometer, FTIR, SEM, TEM, and particle size and zeta potential measurements. The in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of the uncoated/coated SeNPs loaded into hydrogel was evaluated using a carrageenan-induced paw edema rat model. The effect of SeNPs surface coatings was further evaluated for IND loading capacity. Results Our findings proved the superior anti-inflammatory activity of all coated SeNPs compared to the uncoated SeNPs, especially with β-cyclodextrin surface coating. Regarding the IND loading capacity of the prepared uncoated/coated SeNPs, the amount of drug loaded was 0.12, 1.12, 0.3, and 0.14 µg IND/µg SeNPs for the uncoated, lecithin-, PEG- and β-CD-coated SeNPs, respectively. Conclusion Surface functionalization of SeNPs can provide a synergistic therapeutic activity. Our results are promising for further investigation of the in vivo anti-inflammatory synergistic activity of the IND-loaded surface-coated SeNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aml I Mekkawy
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University, Sohag, 82524, Egypt
- Correspondence: Aml I Mekkawy, Department of Pharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University, Sohag, 82524, Egypt, Email
| | - M Fathy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt
| | - Hebatallah B Mohamed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, South Valley University, Qena, 83523, Egypt
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AlShoaibi N, Al Harbi M, Modaimegh H, Al Qubbany A, Al Saif S, Connolly DL, Kharabsheh S, Fathy M, Hegazy Y, Tarcha N, Al Fagih A. Use of NOACS in high-risk patients with atrial fibrillation in Saudi Arabia: Perspectives on improving patient care. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2021; 19:221-236. [PMID: 33475462 DOI: 10.1080/14779072.2021.1878878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the widespread and increasing use of NOACs in Saudi Arabia, there is a lack of contemporary guidance specific to the region. In particular, guidance on NOAC use in high-risk patients who are more likely to experience bleeding with oral anticoagulant therapy is needed. There is an unmet need for a review of contemporary evidence coupled with expert insights on safe and effective NOAC use in high-risk patients with AF in Saudi Arabia. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This article provides a detailed review of contemporary literature on NOAC use in high-risk patients with AF. Additionally, key gaps in the literature are identified and expert insights are shared to guide effective management of patients and the significance of local data is evaluated with respect to challenges in optimizing the use of NOACs. CONCLUSIONS This article provides information that complements and expands on existing reviews and guidelines on NOAC use in patients with AF, with a focus on challenges specific to the Saudi Arabian context with the potential to make a positive contribution to the medical community in Saudi Arabia and in other nations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M Al Harbi
- King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam KSA
| | | | - A Al Qubbany
- King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Research Center, Jeddah, KSA.,Ministry of National Guard, KSA
| | | | - D L Connolly
- Birmingham City Hospital & the Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, UK
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Abusaif MS, Abu-Saied MA, Fathy M, El-Sherif AA, Kashyout AB, Selim MR, Ammar YA. Effect of different acceptors on N-hexyl carbazole moiety for dye-sensitized solar cells: design, characterization, molecular structure, and DSSC fabrications. J IRAN CHEM SOC 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-020-02082-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Walash M, Belal F, Fathy M, Zayed S, Borg H. Simultaneous HPLC determination of alfuzosin, tamsulosin and vardenafil in human plasma and pharmaceutical formulations using time programmed fluorescence detection. Annales Pharmaceutiques Françaises 2019; 77:28-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharma.2018.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Ismail AIM, Souaya ER, Fathy M, Abd El-Hakeem A. Production of Lightweight Concretes from Pumice/Bentonite Mix. Geotech Geol Eng 2018; 36:581-588. [DOI: 10.1007/s10706-017-0348-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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Ismail AIM, Souaya ER, Fathy M, Abd El-Hakeem A. Substitution of Bentonite Aggregates for Pumice in Lightweight Concretes. Interceram - Int Ceram Rev 2017; 66:47-52. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03401229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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10
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Nady H, El-Rabiei M, Migahed M, Fathy M. Corrosion Control of Cu-10Al-10Ni and Cu-10Al-10Zn Alloys in Seawater Environment by Some Ethoxylated Tolyltriazole Derivatives. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/zpch-2016-0886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Protection of metals from being damaged under the effect of corrosion occurs by several methods like the addition of alloying elements or inhibitors. A new family of some nonionic surfactants based on tolyltriazole derivatives (TTAs) having various ethoxyl chain lengths were prepared and their chemical structure was elucidated by using different spectroscopic techniques (FTIR and 1H-NMR). The corrosion inhibition capability of these surfactants [TTA, TTA (12) and TTA (24)] was investigated on two Cu-ternary alloy surfaces (Cu-10Al-10Ni and Cu-10Al-10Zn) in seawater by potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements. The results revealed that ethoxylated tolyltriazole compounds, TTAs, inhibited corrosion of Cu-ternary alloys in the investigated sea water environment, yielding maximum inhibition efficiencies of 92% and 91% for Cu-10Al-10Ni and Cu-10Al-10Zn, respectively. The corrosion and corrosion inhibition behavior of the Cu alloy specimens were influenced by the metal composition and microstructure. The presence of inhibitors and increase of concentration greatly decreases corrosion rate, parameters determined from polarization curves and EIS plots show that inhibitors decrease both cathodic and anodic current densities, suppressing charge transfer processes by adsorption on alloy surface. The corrosion inhibition process is based on the adsorption of the TTAs molecules on the alloy surface, and the adsorption follows the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The free energy of adsorption of the different tolyltriazole derivatives on the alloy surfaces was in the range of ≈−38 kJ mol−1, which reveals a strong physical adsorption of the inhibitor molecules on the metallic surface. SEM/EDX studies confirmed that TTA inhibitors could protect Cu alloys by adsorption on the alloy surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Nady
- Chemistry Department , Faculty of Science, Fayoum University , Fayoum , Egypt ; Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science and Arts in Qurayate, Al Jouf University, 2014, Saudi Arabia , Tel.: 00966535589807, 00201069878104, e-mail:
| | - M.M. El-Rabiei
- Chemistry Department , Faculty of Science, Fayoum University , Fayoum , Egypt
| | - M.A. Migahed
- Department of Petroleum Applications, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI) , Cairo , Egypt
| | - M. Fathy
- Chemistry Department , Faculty of Science, Fayoum University , Fayoum , Egypt
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Fathy M, Ramzy T, Elmonem MA, Amer M, Zeidan A, Hassan FA, Mehaney DA. Molecular screening of CFTR gene in Egyptian patients with congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens: a preliminary study. Andrologia 2016; 48:1307-1312. [PMID: 26989879 DOI: 10.1111/and.12563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the current study, we enrolled 14 Egyptian infertile males with isolated congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens (CBAVD). Screening for the most commonly reported 36 CFTR mutations, and the intron 8 (T)n splice variant was performed by multiplex PCR followed by reversed hybridisation. Samples with the 5T variant were picked for DNA sequencing of intron 8/exon 9 region to identify the number of adjacent TG repeats. The p.Phe508del and the p.Ser1251Asn mutations were detected in heterozygous state in three patients (10.7% of alleles) and in one patient (3.6% of alleles), respectively, while the 5T variant was detected in five patients (28.6% of alleles). Among those five patients, four had TG12 repeats and one had TG13 repeats confirming the pathogenic penetrance of all 5T alleles in Egyptian CBAVD patients. The allelic frequencies of the mutations p.Phe508del, p.Ser1251Asn and the 5T variant in 60 Egyptian cystic fibrosis patients were 24.2%, 3.3% and 2.5% respectively. The mutation p.Ser1251Asn was detected for the first time in isolated CBAVD patient in our study. Due to the high prevalence of p.Phe508del mutation and 5T variant in Egyptian CBAVD patients, we recommend their screening initially, ideally followed by full CFTR gene sequencing in unidentified patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Fathy
- Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - T Ramzy
- Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - M A Elmonem
- Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - M Amer
- Andrology and Sexology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - A Zeidan
- Andrology and Sexology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - F A Hassan
- Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - D A Mehaney
- Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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El-Sayed M, Ramzi M, Hosny R, Fathy M, Abdel Moghny T. Breakthrough curves of oil adsorption on novel amorphous carbon thin film. Water Sci Technol 2016; 73:2361-2369. [PMID: 27191556 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2016.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A novel amorphous carbon thin film (ACTF) was prepared by hydrolyzing wood sawdust and delignificating the residue to obtain cellulose mass that was subjected to react with cobalt silicate nanoparticle as a catalyst under the influence of sudden concentrated sulfuric acid addition at 23 °C. The novel ACTF was obtained in the form of thin films like graphene sheets having winding surface. The prepared ACTF was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer, transmission electron microscope (TEM), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET). The adsorption capacity of ACTF to remove oil from synthetic produced water was evaluated using the incorporation of Thomas and Yoon-Nelson models. The performance study is described through the breakthrough curves concept under relevant operating conditions such as column bed heights (3.8, 5 and 11 mm) and flow rate (0.5, 1 and 1.5 mL.min(-1)). It was found that the oil uptake mechanism is favoring higher bed height. Also, the highest bed capacity of 700 mg oil/g ACTF was achieved at 5 mm bed height, and 0.5 mL.min(-1) flow rate. The results of breakthrough curve for oil adsorption was best described using the Yoon-Nelson model. Finally, the results illustrate that ACTF could be utilized effectively for oil removal from synthetic produced water in a fixed-bed column system.
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Affiliation(s)
- M El-Sayed
- Analysis and Evaluation Department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), 1 Ahmed El-Zomer, Nasr City, Box. No. 11727, Cairo, Egypt
| | - M Ramzi
- Production Department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), 1 Ahmed El-Zomer, Nasr City, Box. No. 11727, Cairo, Egypt E-mail:
| | - R Hosny
- Production Department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), 1 Ahmed El-Zomer, Nasr City, Box. No. 11727, Cairo, Egypt E-mail:
| | - M Fathy
- Applications Department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), 1 Ahmed El-Zomer, Nasr City, Box. No. 11727, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Th Abdel Moghny
- Applications Department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), 1 Ahmed El-Zomer, Nasr City, Box. No. 11727, Cairo, Egypt
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Mukhtar A, Abdelaal A, Hussein M, Dabous H, Fawzy I, Obayah G, Hasanin A, Adel N, Ghaith D, Bahaa M, Abdelaal A, Fathy M, El Meteini M. Infection complications and pattern of bacterial resistance in living-donor liver transplantation: a multicenter epidemiologic study in Egypt. Transplant Proc 2015; 46:1444-7. [PMID: 24935311 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2014.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2013] [Revised: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Data on the prevalence and pattern of infection after living-donor liver transplantation (LDLT) are scarce in Egypt. We therefore conducted this study to quantify the incidence, risk factors, and pattern of bacterial resistance post-LDLT in 3 hospitals in Egypt. PATIENTS AND METHODS We conducted a retrospective, multicenter study of the medical records of 246 patients who underwent LDLT between January 2006 and April 2011 at 3 transplant centers in Egypt. RESULTS Of 246 patients enrolled in this study, 127 (52%) developed infectious complications after LDLT, with 416 episodes of infection occurring within 3 months of transplantation. Biliary tract infection was the most common, occurring in 169 (40.6%) patients. The rate of infection with Gram-negative bacteria was higher than that of infection with Gram-positive bacteria (310 [74%] vs 87 [21%]; P < .001). Overall, 75% of Gram-negative isolates were multidrug resistant. Significant independent risk factors for infection were portal vein thrombosis (odds ratio, 2.4; P = .037) and biliary complications (odds ratio, 5.4; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS Our data showed a high-resistance pattern of bacterial infection after LDLT in Egypt. Early biliary complications were an independent risk factor for bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mukhtar
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - A Abdelaal
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Beni Suef University, Egypt
| | - M Hussein
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Egypt
| | - H Dabous
- Department of Hepatology, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - I Fawzy
- Department of Hepatology, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - G Obayah
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - A Hasanin
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - N Adel
- Department of Critical Care, Egypt Air Hospital, Egypt
| | - D Ghaith
- Department of Clinical Bacteriology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - M Bahaa
- Department of Surgery, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - A Abdelaal
- Department of Surgery, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - M Fathy
- Department of Surgery, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - M El Meteini
- Department of Surgery, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Alsabagh AM, Fathy M, Morsi RE. Preparation and characterization of chitosan/silver nanoparticle/copper nanoparticle/carbon nanotube multifunctional nano-composite for water treatment: heavy metals removal; kinetics, isotherms and competitive studies. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra07477k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A chitosan/Ag NP/Cu NP/CNT multifunctional composite has superior water treatment efficiency compared with bare chitosan and bi-composite systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M. Fathy
- Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute
- Cairo
- Egypt
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15
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Fathy M, Al Ansary M, Zakaria M, Abdel-Hafiz H, Said M. Role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in diagnosis of pleural effusion of different origins. Egyptian Journal of Chest Diseases and Tuberculosis 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcdt.2014.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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16
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Amintoosi M, Fathy M, Mozayani N. Video enhancement through image registration based on structural similarity. The Imaging Science Journal 2013. [DOI: 10.1179/1743131x10y.0000000014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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17
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Fathy M, Badawi A, Mazrouaa AM, Mansour NA, Ghazy EA, Elsabee MZ. Styrene N-vinylpyrrolidone metal-nanocomposites as antibacterial coatings against Sulfate Reducing Bacteria. Materials Science and Engineering: C 2013; 33:4063-70. [PMID: 23910315 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2013.05.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2012] [Revised: 05/09/2013] [Accepted: 05/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Fathy
- Analysis and Evaluation Department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), 1 Ahmed El-Zomor St., Nasr City, 11727 Cairo, Egypt
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18
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Mukhtar A, Dabbous H, El Sayed R, Aboulfetouh F, Bahaa M, Abdelaal A, Fathy M, El-Meteini M. A novel mutation of the ornithine transcarbamylase gene leading to fatal hyperammonemia in a liver transplant recipient. Am J Transplant 2013; 13:1084-1087. [PMID: 23551631 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.12146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2012] [Revised: 11/22/2012] [Accepted: 12/10/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC) deficiency (OTCD) is an X-linked urea cycle disorder. Being an X-linked disease, the onset and severity of the disease may vary among female carriers. Some of them start to develop the disease early in life, whereas others remain asymptomatic throughout their lives. Our patient was a 42-year-old man who developed severe hyperammonemia and fatal brain edema after receiving a right lobe graft from an asymptomatic female living donor with unrecognized OTCD. The donor developed hyperammonemia and disturbed level of consciousness that was managed successfully by hemodialysis. Molecular testing of the OTC gene in the donor revealed a heterozygous nonsense mutation (c.429T>A) in exon 5.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mukhtar
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - H Dabbous
- Ain-Shams Center for Organ Transplant (ASCOT), Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - R El Sayed
- Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - F Aboulfetouh
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - M Bahaa
- Ain-Shams Center for Organ Transplant (ASCOT), Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - A Abdelaal
- Ain-Shams Center for Organ Transplant (ASCOT), Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - M Fathy
- Ain-Shams Center for Organ Transplant (ASCOT), Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - M El-Meteini
- Ain-Shams Center for Organ Transplant (ASCOT), Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Amintoosi M, Fathy M, Mozayani N. A fast image registration approach based on SIFT key-points applied to super-resolution. The Imaging Science Journal 2012. [DOI: 10.1179/1743131x11y.0000000015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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20
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Adeli-Mosabbeb E, Fathy M, Zargari F. Model-based human gait tracking, 3D reconstruction and recognition in uncalibrated monocular video. The Imaging Science Journal 2012. [DOI: 10.1179/1743131x11y.0000000002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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21
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El Masry A, Mukhtar AM, El Sherbeny AM, Fathy M, El-Meteini M. Comparison of central venous oxygen saturation and mixed venous oxygen saturation during liver transplantation. Anaesthesia 2009; 64:378-82. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2044.2008.05793.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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22
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El-Badry M, Fathy M. Enhancement of the dissolution and permeation rates of meloxicam by formation of its freeze-dried solid dispersions in polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2006; 32:141-50. [PMID: 16537195 DOI: 10.1080/03639040500465983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Freeze-drying (FD) and solvent evaporation (SE) were used to prepare solid dispersions (SDs) of meloxicam (MX) in polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30 (PVP). The SDs were prepared at different ratios, namely 1:1, 1:3, and 1:5 MX:PVP weight ratio. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), infrared absorption spectroscopy (IR), and x-ray powder diffractometry (XPD) were utilized to characterize the physicochemical properties of the SDs. Meloxicam (MX) in the solid dispersions appeared with less crystallinity form and was present in a complete amorphous form at higher PVP ratio. Dissolution rates of MX as a pure drug, physical mixtures (PMs), and SDs indicated a marked increase of the dissolution rate of MX in presence of PVP. The increase in the dissolution rate was dependent on the ratio of PVP and the method of preparation. In addition, the permeability of the drug through standard cellophane membrane and hairless mouse skin was also evaluated. The permeation rate of MX was significantly increased in the case of SDs and was dependent on the ratio of PVP. The results were primarily due to increase wettability, the solubilization of the drug by the carrier, and formation of MX amorphous form.
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Affiliation(s)
- M El-Badry
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, 71526, Assiut, Egypt
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23
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El-Meteini M, Fayez A, Fathy M, Abdalaal A, Safaan H, Mostafa I, Abdalaal M, Mokhtar A, Salah M, El-Dorry A, Abdalwahab S, El-Monayeri M, Boillot O. Living Related Liver Transplantation for Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Egypt. Transplant Proc 2005; 37:3141-3. [PMID: 16213330 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2005.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Living related liver transplantation (LRLT) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in cirrhotic patients has emerged as a rewarding therapy for a cure. Extensions of the Milan criteria have been proposed with encouraging results. PATIENTS AND METHODS From October 2001 to June 2004, 47 adult patients with end-stage liver disease (ESLD) have been treated using LRLT, including 11 (9 males and 2 females) with HCC superimposed on hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related (n = 10) or hepatitis B virus-related (n = 1) cirrhosis. Their mean age was 50 years (range, 40-61). HCC was confirmed preoperatively in 9 subjects whereas it was an incidental finding in 2 cases. Alpha fetoprotein (AFP) levels were elevated in 5 of them. Radiologically, tumor number and sizes ranged from 1 to 2 nodules and from 1.5 to 7 cm, respectively. Five of the 11 subjects underwent pretransplantation tumor control therapy. RESULTS Nine patients are alive, all of them being disease free during follow-up periods ranging from 6 to 30 months. Two subjects died: one of HCC recurrence at 1 year posttransplantation, and another of a pulmonary embolism on day 7. AFP levels decreased to normal values in 4 cases. Excluding the 2 incidental tumors, pathological examination of the explants revealed a higher number and larger size of the nodules in 3 and 5 cases, respectively. Microvascular invasion was documented in 3 explants, 1 of which experienced HCC recurrence and the other 2 received 6 cycles of Doxorubicin following normalization of their liver profile. Postoperative complications included the following: recurrent HCC (n = 1), recurrent HCV (n = 2), acute cellular rejection (n = 3), anastomotic biliary stricture (n = 1), and subphrenic collection (n = 1). CONCLUSION Our current data confirm the efficacy of LRLT for treatment of HCC superimposed on liver cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M El-Meteini
- Liver Transplant Unit, Wady EL-Neel Hospital, Cairo, Egypt.
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El-Meteini M, Fayez A, Fathy M, Abdalaal A, Safaan H, Mostafa I, Abdalaal M, Syam M, Refay R, Abou-Alfetouh F, Khedr H, El-Halafawy Y, Taher Y, Hamed H, Badawy S, Ryad A, Awad H, Abdallah A, Ghafar TA, El-Monayeri M, Hoballah A, El-Dorry A, Adham M, Boillot O. Living related liver transplantation in Egypt: an emerging program. Transplant Proc 2004; 35:2783-6. [PMID: 14612119 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2003.09.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M El-Meteini
- Department of Surgery, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Fathy M, Hassan MA, Mohamed FA. Differential scanning calorimetry to investigate the compatibility of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride with excipients. Pharmazie 2002; 57:825-8. [PMID: 12561245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
The compatibility between ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (CFX) and some excipients was evaluated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Physical mixture, coground mixture, compressed mixture and kneaded mixture were prepared to study the effect of sample manipulation. In addition, the samples of physical mixture were also accelerated at 55 degrees C for three weeks to obtain more reliable conclusions. Different types of excipients currently used in tablet or capsule formulations namely, calcium phosphate dibasic dihydrate (Emcompress), magnesium stearate lactose, sorbitol, mannitol, croscarmellose sodium (Ac-Di-Sol), sodium carboxymethyl starch (Primojel), microcrystalline cellulose (Avicel PH 101, Emcocil) were examined. The DSC scan of CFX displayed two endothermic peaks probably as a result of a fusion process followed by a decomposition process. CFX appeared to interact with sorbitol, mannitol, Ac-Di-Sol, Primojel, Avicel PH 101 and Emcocil.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Fathy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
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Fathy M, Sheha M. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of an amylobarbitone/hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin complex prepared by a freeze-drying method. Pharmazie 2000; 55:513-7. [PMID: 10944779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
The complex formation of amylobarbitone (AMB) with 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HP-beta-CD) was investigated in aqueous solution and in the solid state. The apparent stability constant for complex formation (Kc) calculated by phase solubility and spectral shift methods was 524 M-1 and 568 M-1, respectively. The stoichiometric molar ratio of the complex was estimated to be 1:1 and the solubility of AMB in water was increased about 3 fold. The solid dispersion system of AMB/HP-beta-CD in 1:1 molar ratio was prepared by a freeze-drying method. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), x-ray diffractometry, (IR) and 1H NMR spectroscopy were used to confirm that inclusion between the drug and HP-beta-CD occurred. The dissolution behavior of the drug as a physical mixture as well as the prepared complex, showed enhanced drug dissolution properties of the prepared complex compared to the physical mixture or the drug alone. The dissolution rate appeared in the first 2 min, 25 times greater for the complex than for the drug alone. Furthermore, in-vivo study revealed that the duration and hypnotic activity of AMB after its oral administration to mice were improved by inclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Fathy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Egypt.
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Abstract
A high-performance liquid chromatographic system with automated precolumn extraction was developed for the determination of propofol in human serum. Propofol of directly injected serum sample was enriched on a protein-coated mu Bondapak phenyl precolumn while serum constituents such as proteins and salts were eluted to waste. Thereafter, using an on-line column-switching system, the drug was quantitatively transferred and separated on a second analytical column followed by spectrophotometric determination at 270 nm. Good precision, accuracy and linearity were obtained over a range of 30-3000 ng/mL propofol in human serum. The developed method proved to be fast, simple, reproducible, reliable and therefore convenient for propofol monitoring from serum. The recovery of propofol in serum samples from the lowest to the highest concentration ranged from 96.84 to 100.16% (n = 5). The assay was applied to study the pharmacokinetic of the drug in six women undergoing elective caesarean section under general anaesthesia induced with a single intravenous bolus dose of propofol (2.5 mg/kg).
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Affiliation(s)
- S Emara
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
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Fathy M, Safwat SM, el-Shanawany SM, Shawky Tous S, Otagiri M. Preparation and evaluation of beads made of different calcium alginate compositions for oral sustained release of tiaramide. Pharm Dev Technol 1998; 3:355-64. [PMID: 9742556 DOI: 10.3109/10837459809009863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
This study was undertaken to develop a sustained-release formulation of tiaramide (TAM), a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with a short half-life, using alginate of different chemical compositions. Alginate gel beads containing TAM were prepared using a gelation of alginate with calcium cations. Bead performance was evaluated in vitro for different dissolution media and beads were also subjected to coating. TAM release was dependent both on its solubility in dissolution medium and the guluronate residue content of the alginate used. The release rate was in the following order: in pH 1.2 > pH 6.8 > water. The fast release rate in pH 1.2 is the result of the high solubility of TAM in acidic medium. Beads based on alginate rich in guluronate residue had the lowest release rate, which can be attributed to the compact structure formed by guluronate residues through cooperative interaction with calcium ions. Alginate beads were administered to beagle dogs, and pharmacokinetic parameters (mean residence time [MRT], tmax, Cmax, and AUC) were calculated. In vivo results were in good agreement with in vitro dissolution characteristics. Beads with high guluronate content gave the best controlled results. In addition, coated beads showed a more satisfactory sustained-release pattern. Calcium alginate appears to be a potential carrier for controlling drug release rate, even for water-soluble drugs such as TAM.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Fathy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
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Angelico M, Renganathan E, Gandin C, Fathy M, Profili MC, Refai W, De Santis A, Nagi A, Amin G, Capocaccia L, Callea F, Rapicetta M, Badr G, Rocchi G. Chronic liver disease in the Alexandria governorate, Egypt: contribution of schistosomiasis and hepatitis virus infections. J Hepatol 1997; 26:236-43. [PMID: 9059941 DOI: 10.1016/s0168-8278(97)80036-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS In Egypt chronic liver disease is customarily attributed to Schistosoma mansoni infection. Anti-HCV antibodies are highly prevalent among Egyptian blood donors, yet little is known about the risk factors, pathogenicity and virological features of HCV and its association with schistosomiasis. We studied 135 adult patients with chronic liver disease living in the Alexandria governorate, mostly in rural areas of the Nile Delta. METHODS Evaluation included abdominal ultrasonography; detection of anti-HCV antibodies and markers of HBV and HDV infection; HCV-RNA assay by 5' untranslated region nested polymerase-chain-reaction and HCV genotyping by a line probe assay; serologic (anti-soluble egg antigen, anti-SEA) and parasitological examinations for Schistosoma mansoni infection; and liver biopsy, if not contraindicated. RESULTS Ninety-one (67%) patients had anti-HCV and 107 (85%) anti-SEA, 32 (30%) of whom excreted schistosomal eggs in stools. In addition, 21 (16%) patients had HBsAg, 86 (64%) anti-HBc and four (3%) anti-delta. Thus, many patients had evidence of multiple infections, double in 66% (anti-HCV and anti-SEA), triple in 33% (anti-HCV HBsAg and anti-SEA). Based on our diagnostic criteria, 25 (19%) patients had schistosomal portal fibrosis (anti-HCV positive in eight), 24 (18%) chronic hepatitis (anti-HCV positive in 19), 76 (56%) cirrhosis (anti-HCV positive in 58) and 10 hepatic tumors (anti-HCV positive in six). At multivariate analysis, the presence of anti-HCV was independently associated with previous parenteral anti-schistosomal therapy, a history of hematemesis and seropositivity for anti-HBc. Fifty (55%) of 91 anti-HCV positive sera had HCV-RNA, in 41 cases classified as genotype 4a. Detection of HCV-RNA was associated with a more severe liver disease and occurred less frequently in patients with a history of schistosomiasis. CONCLUSIONS HCV infection with genotype 4a is the main cause of severe chronic liver disease in Egypt, where it is highly associated with schistosomiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Angelico
- Department of Public Health, Tor Vergata University, Rome
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el-Banna I, Fathy M, Baza O, Gaber A, el-Sheikh M. Segmental splenectomy and extraperitoneal splenic transposition with gastroesophageal devascularization in treatment of oesophageal varices. A new technique. Int Surg 1991; 76:6-11. [PMID: 2045255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated segmental splenectomy and extraperitoneal splenic transposition with gastroesophageal devascularization (S.S.S.T.) in 30 patients with oesophageal varices (22 bleeders and 8 non-bleeders) and compared their results with those of 30 patients (22 bleeders and 8 non-bleeders) who underwent splenectomy and gastroesophageal devascularization in a randomised study. It was found (by endoscopy) after a follow-up period up to 3 years that after the operation S.S.S.T. the varices disappeared in 6.7%, reduced in 66.7% and did not change in 23.3% while in the compared operation of splenectomy and gastroesophageal devascularization only, oesophageal varices did not change in 90% and increased in grading in 10%. The percent reduction of portal pressure in our new S.S.S.T. technique was 30% after 9 months and 40.7%-60% after 2 years. This decreased portal pressure reading with longer follow-up period suggests that collaterals between the transposed splenic segment and the parieties may increase in number and/or caliber by increasing the blood flow through these collaterals. No recurrence of bleeding, no encephalopathy or mortality during the period of follow-up (3 years). No reenlargement of the transposed splenic segment (clinically and sonographically) up to 3 years of observation. Trans-segmental splenic venography and Digital Vascular Imaging (D.V.I.) had demonstrated collateral vessels between the transposed splenic segment and the parieties and reversed splenic blood flow. Also, D.V.I. showed a collateral vessel anastomosis with the renal parenchymal vessels (Splenorenal collateral or shunt).
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Affiliation(s)
- I el-Banna
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta, Egypt
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Salama N, Fathy M. An unusual cause of stridor. A case report. J Laryngol Otol 1982; 96:361-3. [PMID: 7061934 DOI: 10.1017/s0022215100092604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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