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Prasko J, Liska R, Krone I, Vanek J, Abeltina M, Sollar T, Gecaite-Stonciene J, Bite I, Ociskova M. Parallel process as a tool for supervision and therapy: A cognitive behavioral and schema therapy perspective. Neuro Endocrinol Lett 2024; 45:NEL450224R01. [PMID: 38583189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The parallel process is a psychosocial phenomenon where the relationship dynamics between the therapist and the client are repeated in the supervisory relationship between the therapist and the supervisor. The concept of the parallel process can be a useful tool for understanding and solving problems in therapy. However, it can induce supervision drift or block the supervision process. OBJECTIVE This article aims to familiarize the reader with parallel processes in cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) and schema therapy supervision and discuss how to manage this phenomenon in supervision. METHOD This article is a narrative review with illustrations of supervision interviews in which the parallel process unfolds. The text provides an overview of theoretical constructions and empirical studies related to the parallel process. We searched PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for relevant resources using the keywords "parallel process," "cognitive behavioural therapy," "schema therapy," "transference," and "countertransference." Case vignettes were collected from trainees, training leaders and supervisors to provide real-life examples of how self-reflection and self-experience can enhance CBT and schema therapy training, practice, and supervision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Prasko
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Jessenia Inc., Rehabilitation Hospital Beroun, Akeso Holding, MINDWALK, Czech Republic
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovak Republic
- Department of Psychotherapy, Institute for Postgraduate Training in Health Care, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Liska
- Department of Andragogy and Education Management, Faculty of Education, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ilona Krone
- Riga's Stradins University, Department of Health Psychology and Pedagogy, Riga, Latvia University of Latvia, Latvian Association of CBT, Latvia
| | - Jakub Vanek
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | | | - Tomas Sollar
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Julija Gecaite-Stonciene
- Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Palanga, Lithuania
| | - Ieva Bite
- University of Latvia, Latvian Association of CBT, Latvia
| | - Marie Ociskova
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Jessenia Inc., Rehabilitation Hospital Beroun, Akeso Holding, MINDWALK, Czech Republic
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Prasko J, Ociskova M, Burkauskas J, Vanek J, Krone I, Gecaite-Stonciene J, Abeltina M, Holomany J, Slepecky M, Juskiene A. The river of life method in a schema therapy groups. Neuro Endocrinol Lett 2024; 45:55-68. [PMID: 38295428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Schema therapy is an integrative approach to treat patients with personality disorders and other complex psychological problems. Group schema therapy has been developed to enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of schema therapy by providing a supportive and stimulating environment for change. This article introduces the River of Life Method, a novel technique for facilitating group schema therapy, based on the metaphor of a river of life. The method helps patients to identify and modify their maladaptive schemas and modes in a nurturing process in the group. The article describes the theoretical background, the practical steps, and the clinical applications of the method. It also presents the patients' experience with the method, based on their feedback and self-reports. The results showed that the method was well received by both patients and therapists, and that it had positive effects on schema modes, psychological distress, and coping with adversities and hope for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Prasko
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Jessenia Inc. Rehabilitation Hospital Beroun, Akeso Holding, MINDWALK, s.r.o., Czech Republic
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovak Republic
- Department of Psychotherapy, Institute for Postgraduate Training in Health Care, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Ociskova
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Jessenia Inc. Rehabilitation Hospital Beroun, Akeso Holding, MINDWALK, s.r.o., Czech Republic
| | - Julius Burkauskas
- Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Palanga, Lithuania
| | - Jakub Vanek
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Ilona Krone
- Riga's Stradins University, Latvian Association of CBT, Latvia
| | - Julija Gecaite-Stonciene
- Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Palanga, Lithuania
- Department of Health Psychology, Faculty of Public Health, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | | | - Jelena Holomany
- Jessenia Inc. Rehabilitation Hospital Beroun, Akeso Holding, MINDWALK, s.r.o., Czech Republic
| | - Milos Slepecky
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Alicja Juskiene
- Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Palanga, Lithuania
- Department of Health Psychology, Faculty of Public Health, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
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Prasko J, Abeltina M, Gecaite-Stonciene J, Burkauskas J, Krone I, Jurisova E, Zatkova M, Vanek J, Slepecky M, Ociskova M. Exploring self-care within the context of cognitive behavioural therapy and supervision. Neuro Endocrinol Lett 2024; 45:7-21. [PMID: 38295424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
This article emphasizes the critical role of self-care in the professional lives of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) therapists and supervisors. It delves into the importance of self-care, elucidating its significance in maintaining therapists' mental health and effectiveness. The article presents a range of practical strategies that promote self-care, providing therapists and supervisors with specific steps to incorporate self-care into their daily routines. Moreover, the article explores common challenges and barriers to self-care, such as a lack of time, feelings of guilt associated with prioritizing one's needs, and a lack of available resources for self-care. The article aims to deepen our understanding of the complexities of practising self-care by shedding light on possible obstacles. In addition, the article includes case vignettes that demonstrate tangible examples of the positive impact of self-care on therapists' mental health and effectiveness. The overarching goal of this article is to encourage ongoing discussion and research on self-care. It advocates a greater emphasis on self-care in CBT and CBT supervision (CBTS), intending to promote the health and well-being of those who dedicate their lives to caring for others. The insights and strategies presented in this article serve as a resource for therapists and supervisors striving to achieve a balanced lifestyle while effectively catering to the needs of their clients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Prasko
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Jessenia Inc. Rehabilitation Hospital Beroun, Akeso Holding, MINDWALK, s.r.o., Czech Republic
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovak Republic
- Department of Psychotherapy, Institute for Postgraduate Training in Health Care, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Julija Gecaite-Stonciene
- Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Palanga, Lithuania
| | - Julius Burkauskas
- Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Palanga, Lithuania
| | - Ilona Krone
- Riga's Stradins University, Department of Health Psychology and Pedagogy, Riga, Latvia
| | - Erika Jurisova
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Marta Zatkova
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Jakub Vanek
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Milos Slepecky
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Marie Ociskova
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Jessenia Inc. Rehabilitation Hospital Beroun, Akeso Holding, MINDWALK, s.r.o., Czech Republic
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Prasko J, Abeltina M, Krone I, Gecaite-Stonciene J, Vanek J, Burkauskas J, Liska R, Sollar T, Juskiene A, Slepecky M, Bagdonaviciene L, Ociskova M. Problems in Cognitive-Behavioral Supervision: Theoretical Background and Clinical Application. Neuro Endocrinol Lett 2023; 44:234-255. [PMID: 37466063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive-behavioural therapists and trainees are encouraged to undergo supervision when offering therapy to troubled clients and to process personal attitudes and events likely to affect their therapeutic work. We discuss common problems in cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) supervision, which may arise at the client, supervisee, or supervisor level. These issues include difficulties with case formulation, therapeutic strategies, and the therapeutic relationship. A supervisor can help their supervisee deal with clients with multifaceted or particularly challenging problems, such as difficulties with compliance, complex psychosocial problems, or chronic mental disorders. We also discuss matters related to the supervision process, the supervisor's role, different supervisory styles, and issues affecting a supervisee's feelings of vulnerability and shame. Furthermore, we analyze distinct supervision styles and potential problems arising from the supervision of experienced CBT therapists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Prasko
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Jessenia Inc. Rehabilitation Hospital Beroun, Akeso Holding, MINDWELL, s.r.o., Czech Republic
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovak Republic
- Department of Psychotherapy, Institute for Postgraduate Training in Health Care, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Ilona Krone
- Riga's Stradins University, Department of Health Psychology and Pedagogy, Riga, Latvia
| | - Julija Gecaite-Stonciene
- Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas. Lithuania
- Department of Health Psychology, Faculty of Public Health, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Palanga, Lithuania
| | - Jakub Vanek
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Julius Burkauskas
- Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas. Lithuania
| | - Roman Liska
- Department of Andragogy and Education Management, Faculty of Education, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Sollar
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Alicja Juskiene
- Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas. Lithuania
- Department of Health Psychology, Faculty of Public Health, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Palanga, Lithuania
| | - Milos Slepecky
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | | | - Marie Ociskova
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovak Republic
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Prasko J, Ociskova M, Abeltina M, Krone I, Kantor K, Vanek J, Slepecky M, Minarikova K, Mozny P, Piliarova M, Bite I. The importance of self-experience and self-reflection in training of cognitive behavioral therapy. Neuro Endocrinol Lett 2023; 44:152-163. [PMID: 37392442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Self-awareness can be characterised as impartial, non-judgmental thoughtful attention towards the self. Self-reflection in therapy is when a therapist reviews their experiences, thoughts, and behaviours concerning therapy and changes them as needed to enhance the therapeutic process. Therapists with good quality self-reflection can make more effective and ethical decisions, differentiate their own needs from clients', understand transference and countertransference, and consider the optimal response during a session. Practising the CBT approach and reflecting on one's own experiences can be essential for successful therapeutic development. Furthermore, self-reflection forms the basis of a fruitful therapeutic relationship and the therapist's self-confidence and sense of competence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Prasko
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Olomouc, Faculty of Medicine, Palacky University in Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Department of Psychology Sciences, Faculty of Social Science and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovak Republic
- Department of Psychotherapy, Institute for Postgraduate Training in Health Care, Prague, Czech Republic
- Jessenia Inc. Rehabilitation Hospital Beroun, Akeso Holding, MINDWALK, s.r.o., the Czech Republic
| | - Marie Ociskova
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Olomouc, Faculty of Medicine, Palacky University in Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Jessenia Inc. Rehabilitation Hospital Beroun, Akeso Holding, MINDWALK, s.r.o., the Czech Republic
| | | | - Ilona Krone
- Rigas Stradins University, Riga`s Psychiatry and Narcology centre, Latvian Association of CBT, Latvia
| | - Krystof Kantor
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Olomouc, Faculty of Medicine, Palacky University in Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Vanek
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Olomouc, Faculty of Medicine, Palacky University in Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Milos Slepecky
- Department of Psychology Sciences, Faculty of Social Science and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Kamila Minarikova
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Olomouc, Faculty of Medicine, Palacky University in Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Mozny
- Psychiatric Hospital, Kromeriz, the Czech Republic
| | | | - Ieva Bite
- University of Latvia, Latvian Association of CBT, Latvia
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Prasko J, Vanek J, Ociskova M, Krone I, Slepecky M, Abeltina M, Burkauskas J, Grambal A, Bagdonaviciene L. Role-playing in cognitive behavioral supervision. Neuro Endocrinol Lett 2023; 44:74-85. [PMID: 37182229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Role-play helps the supervisor present a moment of therapy, and reflect on what has happened to the therapist to the patient and further model the therapeutic skills. Usually, the supervisor or other supervisees (in group supervision) play the patient, and the therapist plays a significant moment in the psychotherapeutic session. Supervisors or supervisees in group supervision can play the patient in different situations, and can also reverse roles when the therapist plays their patient, and the supervisor plays the therapist. Before role-playing, there is a need to set a specific goal. Playing roles in supervision can focus on (a) conceptualizing the case; (b) assessing and optimizing therapeutic strategies; (c) a better understanding of the therapeutic relationship. A specific goal needs to be set before role-playing. The technique can focus on (a) case conceptualization; (b) assessment and optimization therapeutic strategies; (c) a better understanding of the therapeutic relationship. A variety of approaches can be used for role-playings, such as pattern learning, modelling, chaining, encouragement and feedback, or psychodrama techniques such as monologue, an empty chair, role change, alter-ego, using multiple chairs or toys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Prasko
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Olomouc, Faculty of Medicine, Palacky University in Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Department of Psychology Sciences, Faculty of Social Science and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovak Republic
- Department of Psychotherapy, Institute for Postgraduate Training in Health Care, Prague, Czech Republic
- Jessenia Inc. - Rehabilitation Hospital Beroun, Akeso Holding, MINDWELL, s.r.o., Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Vanek
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Olomouc, Faculty of Medicine, Palacky University in Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Ociskova
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Olomouc, Faculty of Medicine, Palacky University in Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Jessenia Inc. - Rehabilitation Hospital Beroun, Akeso Holding, MINDWELL, s.r.o., Czech Republic
| | - Ilona Krone
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Olomouc, Faculty of Medicine, Palacky University in Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Milos Slepecky
- Department of Psychology Sciences, Faculty of Social Science and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Marija Abeltina
- University of Latvia, Latvian Association of CBT, Riga, Latvia
| | - Julius Burkauskas
- Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Palanga, Lithuania
| | - Aleš Grambal
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Olomouc, Faculty of Medicine, Palacky University in Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Prasko J, Burkauskas J, Belohradova K, Kantor K, Vanek J, Abeltina M, Juskiene A, Slepecky M, Ociskova M. Ethical reflection in cognitive behavioral therapy and supervision: Theory and practice. Neuro Endocrinol Lett 2023; 44:11-25. [PMID: 36931223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Ethical reflection is a process that comes from the deeper attitudes and values of the therapist and supervisor. The capability to recognize one's perspectives and ethical dimensions and how they affect own practice is one of the crucial tasks of a responsible therapist. Attitudes and values of an individual or a group may significantly influence the therapeutic process and a choice of strategies and behaviour towards the patient, often working at an unconscious, unreflected levels. Ethics is closely connected with psychotherapeutic treatment. Basic principles, such as expediency, honesty, integrity, justice, and respect, apply to all people equally, including psychologists, psychiatrists, psychotherapists, and supervisors. The goal of supervision is to cultivate the therapeutic process in the client's best interest. The supervisor-supervisee relationship is then grounded on principles similar to those in the therapeutic relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Prasko
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Olomouc, Faculty of Medicine, Palacky University in Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Department of Psychology Sciences, Faculty of Social Science and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovak Republic
- Department of Psychotherapy, Institute for Postgraduate Training in Health Care, Prague, Czech Republic
- Jessenia Inc. - Rehabilitation Hospital Beroun, Akeso Holding, MINDWALK, s.r.o., Czech Republic
| | - Julius Burkauskas
- Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences. Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Kamila Belohradova
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Olomouc, Faculty of Medicine, Palacky University in Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Krystof Kantor
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Olomouc, Faculty of Medicine, Palacky University in Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Vanek
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Olomouc, Faculty of Medicine, Palacky University in Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | | | - Alicja Juskiene
- Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences. Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Milos Slepecky
- Department of Psychology Sciences, Faculty of Social Science and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Marie Ociskova
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Olomouc, Faculty of Medicine, Palacky University in Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Jessenia Inc. - Rehabilitation Hospital Beroun, Akeso Holding, MINDWALK, s.r.o., Czech Republic
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Prasko J, Krone I, Burkauskas J, Vanek J, Abeltina M, Juskiene A, Sollar T, Bite I, Slepecky M, Ociskova M. Homework in Cognitive Behavioral Supervision: Theoretical Background and Clinical Application. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2022; 15:3809-3824. [PMID: 36578283 PMCID: PMC9792257 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s382246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The homework aims to generalize the patient's knowledge and encourage practicing skills learned during therapy sessions. Encouraging and facilitating homework is an important part of supervisees in their supervision, and problems with using homework in therapy are a common supervision agenda. Supervisees are encouraged to conceptualize the patient's lack of homework and promote awareness of their own beliefs and responses to non-cooperation. The supervision focuses on homework twice - first as a part of the supervised therapy and second as a part of the supervision itself. Homework assigned in supervision usually deals with mapping problems, monitoring certain behaviors (mostly communication with the patient), or implementing new behaviors in therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Prasko
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Olomouc, Faculty of Medicine, Palacky University in Olomouc, Olomouc, The Czech Republic,Department of Psychology Sciences, Faculty of Social Science and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, The Slovak Republic,Department of Psychotherapy, Institute for Postgraduate Training in Health Care, Prague, The Czech Republic,Jessenia Inc. - Rehabilitation Hospital Beroun, Akeso Holding, Beroun, The Czech Republic,Correspondence: Jan Prasko, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, University Hospital, I. P. Pavlova 6, Olomouc, 77520, The Czech Republic, Tel +420 603 414 930, Email
| | | | - Julius Burkauskas
- Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Jakub Vanek
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Olomouc, Faculty of Medicine, Palacky University in Olomouc, Olomouc, The Czech Republic
| | - Marija Abeltina
- University of Latvia, Latvian Association of CBT, Riga, Latvia
| | - Alicja Juskiene
- Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Tomas Sollar
- Department of Psychology Sciences, Faculty of Social Science and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, The Slovak Republic
| | - Ieva Bite
- University of Latvia, Latvian Association of CBT, Riga, Latvia
| | - Milos Slepecky
- Department of Psychology Sciences, Faculty of Social Science and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, The Slovak Republic
| | - Marie Ociskova
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Olomouc, Faculty of Medicine, Palacky University in Olomouc, Olomouc, The Czech Republic,Jessenia Inc. - Rehabilitation Hospital Beroun, Akeso Holding, Beroun, The Czech Republic
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Abstract
The study aimed to test the validity of the burnout subtypes hierarchic model operationalized by the 'Burnout Clinical Subtypes Questionnaire' (BCSQ-36) and its applicability in other cultures. To that aim psychometric properties, factorial and convergent validity regarding the Maslach Burnout Inventory - General Survey (MBI-GS), and correlation with demographic factors were reviewed. A voluntary internet-based approach was used on a multi-occupational sample of adult Latvians (n = 394). The results of the internal consistency of the Latvian version of the BCSQ-36 exceeded .89 for all three subtypes. The CFA was used to test a hierarchical factorial model, and the analysis revealed an acceptable fit of the model to the data. Correlation analysis showed results as expected, similarly to the original sample - Underchallenged and Worn-out subtypes correlated with all MBI-GS scales, while Frenetic subtype did not correlate with the MBI-GS Cynicism scale. Besides, demographic data showed some correlation only on the subscale level. Overall research results provide support of the validity of the burnout subtypes hierarchical model and applicability in another culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Abeltina
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education, Psychology, and Art, University of Latvia , Riga, Latvia
| | - Ieva Stokenberga
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education, Psychology, and Art, University of Latvia , Riga, Latvia
| | - Justine Skudra
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education, Psychology, and Art, University of Latvia , Riga, Latvia
| | - Malgozata Rascevska
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education, Psychology, and Art, University of Latvia , Riga, Latvia
| | - Aleksandrs Kolesovs
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education, Psychology, and Art, University of Latvia , Riga, Latvia
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