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Ceddia M, Lamberti L, Trentadue B. FEA Comparison of the Mechanical Behavior of Three Dental Crown Materials: Enamel, Ceramic, and Zirconia. Materials (Basel) 2024; 17:673. [PMID: 38591528 PMCID: PMC10856216 DOI: 10.3390/ma17030673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
The restoration of endodontically treated teeth is one of the main challenges of restorative dentistry. The structure of the tooth is a complex assembly in which the materials that make it up, enamel and dentin, have very different mechanical behaviors. Therefore, finding alternative replacement materials for dental crowns in the area of restorative care isa highly significant challenge, since materials such as ceramic and zirconia have very different stress load resistance values. The aim of this study is to assess which material, either ceramic or zirconia, optimizes the behavior of a restored tooth under various typical clinical conditions and the masticatory load. A finite element analysis (FEA) framework is developed for this purpose. The 3D model of the restored tooth is input into the FEA software (Ansys Workbench R23)and meshed into tetrahedral elements. The presence of masticatory forces is considered: in particular, vertical, 45° inclined, and horizontal resultant forces of 280 N are applied on five contact points of the occlusal surface. The numerical results show that the maximum stress developed in the restored tooth including a ceramic crown and subject to axial load is about 39.381 MPa, which is rather close to the 62.32 MPa stress computed for the natural tooth; stresses of about 18 MPa are localized at the roots of both crown materials. In the case of the zirconia crown, the stresses are much higher than those in the ceramic crown, except for the 45° load direction, while, for the horizontal loads, the stress peak in the zirconia crown is almost three times as large as its counterpart in the ceramic crown (i.e., 163.24 MPa vs. 56.114 MPa, respectively). Therefore, the zirconia crown exhibits higher stresses than enamel and ceramic that could increase in the case of parafunctions, such as bruxism. The clinician's choice between the two materials should be evaluated based on the patient's medical condition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luciano Lamberti
- Dipartimento di Meccanica, Matematica e Management, Politecnico di Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy; (M.C.); (B.T.)
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Comuzzi L, Ceddia M, Di Pietro N, Inchingolo F, Inchingolo AM, Romasco T, Tumedei M, Specchiulli A, Piattelli A, Trentadue B. Crestal and Subcrestal Placement of Morse Cone Implant-Abutment Connection Implants: An In Vitro Finite Element Analysis (FEA) Study. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3077. [PMID: 38002077 PMCID: PMC10669349 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11113077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The issue of dental implant placement relative to the alveolar crest, whether in supracrestal, equicrestal, or subcrestal positions, remains highly controversial, leading to conflicting data in various studies. Three-dimensional (3D) Finite Element Analysis (FEA) can offer insights into the biomechanical aspects of dental implants and the surrounding bone. A 3D model of the jaw was generated using computed tomography (CT) scans, considering a cortical thickness of 1.5 mm. Subsequently, Morse cone implant-abutment connection implants were virtually positioned at the model's center, at equicrestal (0 mm) and subcrestal levels (-1 mm and -2 mm). The findings indicated the highest stress within the cortical bone around the equicrestally placed implant, the lowest stress in the -2 mm subcrestally placed implant, and intermediate stresses in the -1 mm subcrestally placed implant. In terms of clinical relevance, this study suggested that subcrestal placement of a Morse cone implant-abutment connection (ranging between -1 and -2 mm) could be recommended to reduce peri-implant bone resorption and achieve longer-term implant success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Comuzzi
- Independent Researcher, San Vendemiano-Conegliano, 31020 Treviso, Italy;
| | - Mario Ceddia
- Department of Mechanics, Mathematics and Management, Polytechnic University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy; (M.C.); (B.T.)
| | - Natalia Di Pietro
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (T.R.); (A.S.)
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Francesco Inchingolo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70121 Bari, Italy; (F.I.); (A.M.I.)
| | - Angelo Michele Inchingolo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70121 Bari, Italy; (F.I.); (A.M.I.)
| | - Tea Romasco
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (T.R.); (A.S.)
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Margherita Tumedei
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Specchiulli
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (T.R.); (A.S.)
| | - Adriano Piattelli
- School of Dentistry, Saint Camillus International University of Health and Medical Sciences, 00131 Rome, Italy;
- Facultad de Medicina, UCAM Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain
| | - Bartolomeo Trentadue
- Department of Mechanics, Mathematics and Management, Polytechnic University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy; (M.C.); (B.T.)
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Cipollina A, Ceddia M, Di Pietro N, Inchingolo F, Tumedei M, Romasco T, Piattelli A, Specchiulli A, Trentadue B. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) of a Premaxillary Device: A New Type of Subperiosteal Implant to Treat Severe Atrophy of the Maxilla. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:336. [PMID: 37622941 PMCID: PMC10452205 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8040336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Extreme atrophy of the maxilla still poses challenges for clinicians. Some of the techniques used to address this issue can be complex, risky, expensive, and time consuming, often requiring skilled surgeons. While many commonly used techniques have achieved very high success rates, complications may arise in certain cases. In this context, the premaxillary device (PD) technique offers a simpler approach to reconstruct severely atrophic maxillae, aiming to avoid more complicated and risky surgical procedures. Finite element analysis (FEA) enables the evaluation of different aspects of dental implant biomechanics. Our results demonstrated that using a PD allows for an optimal distribution of stresses on the basal bone, avoiding tension peaks that can lead to bone resorption or implant failure. ANSYS® was used to perform localized finite element analysis (FEA), enabling a more precise examination of the peri-crestal area and the PD through an accurate mesh element reconstruction, which facilitated the mathematical solution of FEA. The most favorable biomechanical behavior was observed for materials such as titanium alloys, which helped to reduce stress levels on bone, implants, screws, and abutments. Additionally, stress values remained within the limits of basal bone and titanium alloy strengths. In conclusion, from a biomechanical point of view, PDs appear to be viable alternatives for rehabilitating severe atrophic maxillae.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mario Ceddia
- Department of Mechanics, Mathematics and Management, Politecnico di Bari University, 70125 Bari, Italy; (M.C.); (B.T.)
| | - Natalia Di Pietro
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (T.R.); (A.S.)
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technologies (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Francesco Inchingolo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Margherita Tumedei
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Tea Romasco
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (T.R.); (A.S.)
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technologies (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Adriano Piattelli
- School of Dentistry, Saint Camillus International University of Health and Medical Sciences, 00131 Rome, Italy;
- Facultad de Medicina, UCAM Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain
| | - Alessandro Specchiulli
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (T.R.); (A.S.)
| | - Bartolomeo Trentadue
- Department of Mechanics, Mathematics and Management, Politecnico di Bari University, 70125 Bari, Italy; (M.C.); (B.T.)
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Lyons A, O'Mahony D, O'Brien F, MacSharry J, Sheil B, Ceddia M, Russell WM, Forsythe P, Bienenstock J, Kiely B, Shanahan F, O'Mahony L. Bacterial strain-specific induction of Foxp3+ T regulatory cells is protective in murine allergy models. Clin Exp Allergy 2010; 40:811-9. [PMID: 20067483 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2009.03437.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of atopic disease has increased dramatically during recent decades and the potential immunoregulatory influence of the microbiota in these individuals is under investigation. OBJECTIVE The aim of our study was to identify a bacterial strain that is protective in murine allergy models and to determine if microbial induction of T regulatory cells was associated with protection from allergic inflammation. METHODS Three microbes (Bifidobacterium breve AH1205, B. longum AH1206 and Lactobacillus salivarius AH102) of human origin were fed to newborn, adult and germ-free animals. Induction of Foxp3(+) T regulatory cells was assessed by flow cytometry. Gene array analysis was performed on Peyer's patches. Strains were also examined for their protective effects in the ovalbumin (OVA) respiratory allergy model and the OVA-cholera toxin dietary allergy model. RESULTS Bifidobacterium longum AH1206 consumption resulted in increased numbers of Foxp3(+) T regulatory cells in infant, adult and germ-free animals. B. breve AH1205 induced Foxp3(+) T regulatory cell expansion only in infant mice while L. salivarius AH102 did not alter T regulatory cell numbers in any animal model tested. B. longum AH1206 reduced the Peyer's patch gene expression associated with antigen presentation, TLR signalling and cytokine production while increasing the expression of genes associated with retinoic acid metabolism. B. longum AH1206 protected against airway inflammation in OVA-sensitized animals and B. longum AH1206 blocked the induction of IgE to orally administered OVA. Neither B. breve AH1205 nor L. salivarius AH102 had a protective effect in either model. CONCLUSION Bacterial strain-specific induction of Foxp3(+) T regulatory cells in vivo is associated with protection from respiratory and oral allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lyons
- Alimentary Health Ltd., Cork, Ireland
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