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Grozdanovic MM, Doyle CB, Liu L, Maybruck BT, Kwatia MA, Thiyagarajan N, Acharya KR, Ackerman SJ. Charcot-Leyden crystal protein/galectin-10 interacts with cationic ribonucleases and is required for eosinophil granulogenesis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2020; 146:377-389.e10. [PMID: 31982451 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2020.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The human eosinophil Charcot-Leyden crystal (CLC) protein is a member of the Galectin superfamily and is also known as galectin-10 (Gal-10). CLC/Gal-10 forms the distinctive hexagonal bipyramidal crystals that are considered hallmarks of eosinophil participation in allergic responses and related inflammatory reactions; however, the glycan-containing ligands of CLC/Gal-10, its cellular function(s), and its role(s) in allergic diseases are unknown. OBJECTIVE We sought to determine the binding partners of CLC/Gal-10 and elucidate its role in eosinophil biology. METHODS Intracellular binding partners were determined by ligand blotting with CLC/Gal-10, followed by coimmunoprecipitation and coaffinity purifications. The role of CLC/Gal-10 in eosinophil function was determined by using enzyme activity assays, confocal microscopy, and short hairpin RNA knockout of CLC/Gal-10 expression in human CD34+ cord blood hematopoietic progenitors differentiated to eosinophils. RESULTS CLC/Gal-10 interacts with both human eosinophil granule cationic ribonucleases (RNases), namely, eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (RNS2) and eosinophil cationic protein (RNS3), and with murine eosinophil-associated RNases. The interaction is independent of glycosylation and is not inhibitory toward endoRNase activity. Activation of eosinophils with INF-γ induces the rapid colocalization of CLC/Gal-10 with eosinophil-derived neurotoxin/RNS2 and CD63. Short hairpin RNA knockdown of CLC/Gal-10 in human cord blood-derived CD34+ progenitor cells impairs eosinophil granulogenesis. CONCLUSIONS CLC/Gal-10 functions as a carrier for the sequestration and vesicular transport of the potent eosinophil granule cationic RNases during both differentiation and degranulation, enabling their intracellular packaging and extracellular functions in allergic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milica M Grozdanovic
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Ill
| | - Christine B Doyle
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Ill
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Ill
| | - Brian T Maybruck
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Ill
| | - Mark A Kwatia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Ill
| | - Nethaji Thiyagarajan
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - K Ravi Acharya
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Steven J Ackerman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Ill.
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Furuta GT, Kagalwalla AF, Lee JJ, Alumkal P, Maybruck BT, Fillon S, Masterson JC, Ochkur S, Protheroe C, Moore W, Pan Z, Amsden K, Robinson Z, Capocelli K, Mukkada V, Atkins D, Fleischer D, Hosford L, Kwatia MA, Schroeder S, Kelly C, Lovell M, Melin-Aldana H, Ackerman SJ. The oesophageal string test: a novel, minimally invasive method measures mucosal inflammation in eosinophilic oesophagitis. Gut 2013; 62:1395-405. [PMID: 22895393 PMCID: PMC3786608 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2012-303171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Eosinophil predominant inflammation characterises histological features of eosinophilic oesophagitis (EoE). Endoscopy with biopsy is currently the only method to assess oesophageal mucosal inflammation in EoE. We hypothesised that measurements of luminal eosinophil-derived proteins would correlate with oesophageal mucosal inflammation in children with EoE. DESIGN The Enterotest diagnostic device was used to develop an oesophageal string test (EST) as a minimally invasive clinical device. EST samples and oesophageal mucosal biopsies were obtained from children undergoing upper endoscopy for clinically defined indications. Eosinophil-derived proteins including eosinophil secondary granule proteins (major basic protein-1, eosinophil-derived neurotoxin, eosinophil cationic protein, eosinophil peroxidase) and Charcot-Leyden crystal protein/galectin-10 were measured by ELISA in luminal effluents eluted from ESTs and extracts of mucosal biopsies. RESULTS ESTs were performed in 41 children with active EoE (n=14), EoE in remission (n=8), gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (n=4) and controls with normal oesophagus (n=15). EST measurement of eosinophil-derived protein biomarkers significantly distinguished between children with active EoE, treated EoE in remission, gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and normal oesophagus. Levels of luminal eosinophil-derived proteins in EST samples significantly correlated with peak and mean oesophageal eosinophils/high power field (HPF), eosinophil peroxidase indices and levels of the same eosinophil-derived proteins in extracts of oesophageal biopsies. CONCLUSIONS The presence of eosinophil-derived proteins in luminal secretions is reflective of mucosal inflammation in children with EoE. The EST is a novel, minimally invasive device for measuring oesophageal eosinophilic inflammation in children with EoE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glenn T Furuta
- Department of Pediatrics, Gastrointestinal Eosinophilic Diseases Program, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Digestive Health Institute, Section of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Amir F Kagalwalla
- Department of Pediatrics, Ann and Robert H Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago and Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, John H. Stroger Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - James J Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA
| | - Preeth Alumkal
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, and Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Brian T Maybruck
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, and Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Sophie Fillon
- Department of Pediatrics, Gastrointestinal Eosinophilic Diseases Program, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Digestive Health Institute, Section of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Joanne C Masterson
- Department of Pediatrics, Gastrointestinal Eosinophilic Diseases Program, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Digestive Health Institute, Section of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Sergei Ochkur
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA
| | - Cheryl Protheroe
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA
| | - Wendy Moore
- Department of Pediatrics, Gastrointestinal Eosinophilic Diseases Program, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Digestive Health Institute, Section of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Zhaoxing Pan
- Department of Pediatrics, Gastrointestinal Eosinophilic Diseases Program, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Digestive Health Institute, Section of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Katie Amsden
- Department of Pediatrics, Ann and Robert H Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago and Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Zachary Robinson
- Department of Pediatrics, Gastrointestinal Eosinophilic Diseases Program, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Kelley Capocelli
- Department of Pediatrics, Gastrointestinal Eosinophilic Diseases Program, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Colorado, USA
| | - Vince Mukkada
- Department of Pediatrics, Gastrointestinal Eosinophilic Diseases Program, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Digestive Health Institute, Section of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Dan Atkins
- Department of Pediatrics, Gastrointestinal Eosinophilic Diseases Program, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - David Fleischer
- Department of Pediatrics, Gastrointestinal Eosinophilic Diseases Program, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Lindsay Hosford
- Department of Pediatrics, Gastrointestinal Eosinophilic Diseases Program, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Digestive Health Institute, Section of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Mark A Kwatia
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, and Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Shauna Schroeder
- Department of Pediatrics, Gastrointestinal Eosinophilic Diseases Program, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Digestive Health Institute, Section of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Caleb Kelly
- Department of Pediatrics, Gastrointestinal Eosinophilic Diseases Program, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Mark Lovell
- Department of Pediatrics, Gastrointestinal Eosinophilic Diseases Program, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Colorado, USA
| | - Hector Melin-Aldana
- Department of Pediatrics, Ann and Robert H Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago and Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Pathology, Ann and Robert H Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago and Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Steven J Ackerman
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, and Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Illinois, USA
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