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Kim CY, Chung SH, Choi YS, Park KY, Bae CW. Evaluating Novel SP-B and SP-C Synthetic Analogues for Pulmonary Surfactant Efficacy. Int J Med Sci 2024; 21:775-783. [PMID: 38617013 PMCID: PMC11008487 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.92920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary surfactants, a complex assembly of phospholipids and surfactant proteins such as SP-B and SP-C, are critical for maintaining respiratory system functionality by lowering surface tension (ST) and preventing alveolar collapse. Our study introduced five synthetic SP-B peptides and one SP-C peptide, leading to the synthesis of CHAsurf candidates (CHAsurf-1 to CHAsurf-5) for evaluation. We utilized a modified Wilhelmy balance test to assess the surface tension properties of the surfactants, measuring spreading rate, surface adsorption, and ST-area diagrams to comprehensively evaluate their performance. Animal experiments were performed on New Zealand white rabbits to test the efficacy of CHAsurf-4B, a variant chosen for its economic viability and promising ST reduction properties, comparable to Curosurf®. The study confirmed that higher doses of SP-B in CHAsurf-4 are associated with improved ST reduction. However, due to cost constraints, CHAsurf-4B was selected for in vivo assessment. The animal model revealed that CHAsurf-4B could restore alveolar structure and improve lung elasticity, akin to Curosurf®. Our research highlights the significance of cysteine residues and disulfide bonds in the structural integrity and function of synthetic SP-B analogues, offering a foundation for future surfactant therapy in respiratory disorders. This study's findings support the potential of CHAsurf-4B as a therapeutic agent, meriting further investigation to solidify its role in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chae Young Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung-Hoon Chung
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yong Sung Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyeong-Yong Park
- Department of Integrated Material's Development, CHA Meditech Co., Ltd, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Chong-Woo Bae
- Department of Pediatrics, CHA Ilsan Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Goyang, South Korea
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Wang B, Gao Y, Sun L, Xue M, Wang M, Zhang Z, Zhang L, Zhang H. Inhaled pulmonary surfactant biomimetic liposomes for reversing idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis through synergistic therapeutic strategy. Biomaterials 2023; 303:122404. [PMID: 37992600 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) stands as a highly heterogeneous and deadly lung disease, yet the available treatment options remain limited. Combining myofibroblast inhibition with ROS modulation in damaged AECs offers a comprehensive strategy to halt IPF progression, but delivering drugs separately to these cell types is challenging. Inspired by the successful application of pulmonary surfactant (PS) replacement therapy in lung disease treatment, we have developed PS nano-biomimetic liposomes (PSBs) to utilize its natural transport pathway for targeting AECs while reducing lung tissue clearance. In this collaborative pulmonary drug delivery system, PSBs composed of DPPC/POPG/DPPG/CHO (20:9:5:4) were formulated for inhalation. These PSBs loaded with ROS-scavenger astaxanthin (AST) and anti-fibrosis drug pirfenidone (PFD) were aerosolized for precise quantification and mimicking patient inhalation. Through aerosol inhalation, the lipid membrane of PSBs gradually fused with natural PS, enabling AST delivery to AECs by hitchhiking with PS circulation. Simultaneously, PFD was released within the PS barrier, effectively penetrating lung tissue to exert therapeutic effects. In vivo results have shown that PSBs offer numerous therapeutic advantages in mice with IPF, particularly in terms of lung function recovery. This approach addresses the challenges of drug delivery to specific lung cells and offers potential benefits for IPF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binghua Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, Henan Province, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yiwen Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lulu Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Meng Xue
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mingjin Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhenzhong Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, Henan Province, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lirong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Hongling Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, Henan Province, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China.
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Mikolka P, Kronqvist N, Haegerstrand-Björkman M, Jaudzems K, Kosutova P, Kolomaznik M, Saluri M, Landreh M, Calkovska A, Curstedt T, Johansson J. Synthetic surfactant with a combined SP-B and SP-C analogue is efficient in rabbit models of adult and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. Transl Res 2023; 262:60-74. [PMID: 37499744 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2023.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in premature infants is caused by insufficient amounts of endogenous lung surfactant and is efficiently treated with replacement therapy using animal-derived surfactant preparations. On the other hand, adult/acute RDS (ARDS) occurs secondary to for example, sepsis, aspiration of gastric contents, and multitrauma and is caused by alveolar endothelial damage, leakage of plasma components into the airspaces and inhibition of surfactant activity. Instillation of surfactant preparations in ARDS has so far resulted in very limited treatment effects, partly due to inactivation of the delivered surfactants in the airspace. Here, we develop a combined surfactant protein B (SP-B) and SP-C peptide analogue (Combo) that can be efficiently expressed and purified from Escherichia coli without any solubility or purification tag. NMR spectroscopy shows that Combo peptide forms α-helices both in organic solvents and in lipid micelles, which coincide with the helical regions described for the isolated SP-B and SP-C parts. Artificial Combo surfactant composed of synthetic dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine:palmitoyloleoylphosphatidylglycerol, 1:1, mixed with 3 weights % relative to total phospholipids of Combo peptide efficiently improves tidal volumes and lung gas volumes at end-expiration in a premature rabbit fetus model of RDS. Combo surfactant also improves oxygenation and respiratory parameters and lowers cytokine release in an acid instillation-induced ARDS adult rabbit model. Combo surfactant is markedly more resistant to inhibition by albumin and fibrinogen than a natural-derived surfactant in clinical use for the treatment of RDS. These features of Combo surfactant make it attractive for the development of novel therapies against human ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavol Mikolka
- Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia; Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Nina Kronqvist
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Neo, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Marie Haegerstrand-Björkman
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kristaps Jaudzems
- Department of Physical Organic Chemistry, Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Riga, Latvia; Faculty of Chemistry, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
| | - Petra Kosutova
- Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Maros Kolomaznik
- Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Mihkel Saluri
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michael Landreh
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andrea Calkovska
- Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Tore Curstedt
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jan Johansson
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Neo, Huddinge, Sweden.
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Kolomaznik M, Hanusrichterova J, Mikolka P, Kosutova P, Vatecha M, Zila I, Mokra D, Calkovska A. Efficiency of exogenous surfactant combined with intravenous N-acetylcysteine in two-hit rodent model of ARDS. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2023; 316:104138. [PMID: 37579929 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2023.104138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of reactive oxygen species during hyperoxia together with secondary bacteria-induced inflammation leads to lung damage in ventilated critically ill patients. Antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in combination with surfactant may improve lung function. We compared the efficacy of NAC combined with surfactant in the double-hit model of lung injury. Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) instilled intratracheally and hyperoxia were used to induce lung injury in Wistar rats. Animals were mechanically ventilated and treated intravenously with NAC alone or in combination with intratracheal surfactant (poractant alfa; PSUR+NAC). Control received saline. Lung functions, inflammatory markers, oxidative damage, total white blood cell (WBC) count and lung oedema were evaluated during 4 hrs. Administration of NAC increased total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and decreased IL-6. This effect was potentiated by the combined administration of surfactant and NAC. In addition, PSUR+NAC reduced the levels of TNFα, IL-1ß, and TAC compared to NAC only and improved lung injury score. The combination of exogenous surfactant with NAC suppresses lung inflammation and oxidative stress in the experimental double-hit model of lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maros Kolomaznik
- Biomedical Centre Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala hora 4C, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Juliana Hanusrichterova
- Biomedical Centre Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala hora 4C, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Pavol Mikolka
- Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala hora 4C, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Petra Kosutova
- Biomedical Centre Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala hora 4C, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Martin Vatecha
- Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala hora 4C, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Ivan Zila
- Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala hora 4C, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Daniela Mokra
- Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala hora 4C, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Andrea Calkovska
- Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala hora 4C, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia.
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Numata M, Sajuthi S, Bochkov YA, Loeffler J, Everman J, Vladar EK, Cooney RA, Reinhardt RL, Liu AH, Seibold MA, Voelker DR. Anionic Pulmonary Surfactant Lipid Treatment Inhibits Rhinovirus A Infection of the Human Airway Epithelium. Viruses 2023; 15:747. [PMID: 36992456 PMCID: PMC10055697 DOI: 10.3390/v15030747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhinoviruses (RVs) are major instigators of acute exacerbations of asthma, COPD, and other respiratory diseases. RVs are categorized into three species (RV-A, RV-B, and RV-C), which comprise more than 160 serotypes, making it difficult to develop an effective vaccine. Currently, no effective treatment for RV infection is available. Pulmonary surfactant is an extracellular complex of lipids and proteins that plays a central role in regulating innate immunity in the lung. The minor pulmonary surfactant lipids, palmitoyl-oleoyl-phosphatidylglycerol (POPG) and phosphatidylinositol (PI), are potent regulators of inflammatory processes and exert antiviral activity against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza A viruses (IAV). In the current study, we examined the potencies of POPG and PI against rhinovirus A16 (RV-A16) in primary human airway epithelial cells (AECs) differentiated at an air-liquid interface (ALI). After AECs were infected with RV-A16, PI reduced the viral RNA copy number by 70% and downregulated (55-75%) the expression of antiviral (MDA5, IRF7, and IFN-lambda) and CXCL11 chemokine genes. In contrast, POPG only slightly decreased MDA5 (24%) and IRF7 (11%) gene expression but did not inhibit IFN-lambda gene expression or RV-A16 replication in AECs. However, both POPG and PI inhibited (50-80%) IL6 gene expression and protein secretion and CXCL11 protein secretion. PI treatment dramatically attenuated global gene expression changes induced by RV-A16 infection alone in AECs. The observed inhibitory effects were indirect and resulted mainly from the inhibition of virus replication. Cell-type enrichment analysis of viral-regulated genes opposed by PI treatment revealed the PI-inhibited viral induction of goblet cell metaplasia and the virus-induced downregulation of ciliated, club, and ionocyte cell types. Notably, the PI treatment also altered the ability of RV-A16 to regulate the expression of some phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase (PI4K); acyl-CoA-binding, domain-containing (ACBD); and low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) genes that play critical roles in the formation and functioning of replication organelles (ROs) required for RV replication in host cells. These data suggest PI can be used as a potent, non-toxic, antiviral agent for RV infection prophylaxis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Numata
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206, USA
| | - Satria Sajuthi
- Center for Genes, Environment and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206, USA
| | - Yury A. Bochkov
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Jessica Loeffler
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206, USA
| | - Jamie Everman
- Center for Genes, Environment and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206, USA
| | - Eszter K. Vladar
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Riley A. Cooney
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Richard Lee Reinhardt
- Department of Immunology and Genomic Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206, USA
| | - Andrew H. Liu
- Section of Pediatric Pulmonary & Sleep Medicine, Children’s Hospital Colorado and University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Max A. Seibold
- Center for Genes, Environment and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206, USA
| | - Dennis R. Voelker
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206, USA
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Lugones-Ladrón de Guevara Y, Díaz-Reyes M, Cabrera-Muñoz A, Chang-Monteagudo A, Del Rivero-Antigua A, Blanco-Hidalgo O. Effect of Cuban Porcine Pulmonary Surfactant (Surfacen) and rCmPI-II Protease Inhibitor on Neutrophil Elastase Activity. MEDICC Rev 2022; 24:46-52. [PMID: 36417334 DOI: 10.37757/mr2022.v24.n3-4.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In inflammatory respiratory diseases, the imbalance between proteases and endogenous protease inhibitors leads to an exacerbated activity of human neutrophil elastase (a protease that destroys the extracellular matrix and stimulates proinflammatory cytokine release). Elastase is considered a target in the search for therapeutic treatments for inflammatory respiratory diseases. Pulmonary surfactant is a promising product for this purpose, because in addition to its biophysical function, it has anti-inflammatory properties. OBJECTIVE Evaluate effect of the Cuban porcine pulmonary surfactant (Surfacen), the rCmPI-II elastase inhibitor, and the Surfacen/rCmPI-II combination on activated neutrophil elastase activity in vitro, and determine if Surfacen's interface property changes in the presence of the inhibitor. METHODS The anti-elastase effect of Surfacen, rCmPI-II and the Surfacen/rCmPI-II combination was evaluated in an in vitro model of activated neutrophils, previously purified from the blood of healthy subjects. The cells were stimulated with LPS/fMLP and were incubated with different concentrations of Surfacen, rCmPI-II and the Surfacen/rCmPI-II combination. Elastase activity was measured. The interface property was determined on a Langmuir surface balance. The new index, called the abdominal adipose deposit index, was obtained by multiplying the subcutaneous fat thickness by visceral fat thickness, both measured by ultrasound. A cutoff point was established that facilitated discernment of an unhealthy phenotype: normal weight but metabolically obese, a cardiometabolic risk factor. RESULTS Surfacen at 10 mg/mL inhibited 71% of stimulated neutrophil elastase activity. rCmPI-II at 0.1 μM reduced 20% of elastase activity; at 200 μM-the maximum concentration evaluated-inhibition was 68%. Both products had a dose-dependent effect. The Surfacen/inhibitor combination (0.5 mg/mL/80 µM) did not affect the surfactant interface property or the inhibitory activity of rCmPI-II against human neutrophil elastase. CONCLUSIONS Surfacen and the rCmPI-II inhibitor have an anti-elastase effect on an activated neutrophil model. rCmPI-II does not affect Surfacen's interface property and, therefore, both can be evaluated for combined use in treating inflammatory lung diseases.
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Li H, Tao X, Song E, Song Y. Iron oxide nanoparticles oxidize transformed RAW 264.7 macrophages into foam cells: Impact of pulmonary surfactant component dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine. Chemosphere 2022; 300:134617. [PMID: 35430205 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) are one of the most important components in airborne particulate matter that originally generated from traffic emission, iron ore mining, coal combustion and melting of engine fragments. Once IONPs entered respiratory tract and deposit in the alveoli, they may interact with pulmonary surfactant (PS) that distributed in the alveolar lining. Thereafter, it is necessary to investigate the interaction of inhaled IONPs and PS, which helps the understanding of health risk of respiratory health induced by IONPs. Using dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC), the major components of PS, as a lipid model, we explored the interaction of DPPC with typical IONPs, Fe3O4 NPs and amino-functionalized analogue (Fe3O4-NH2 NPs). DPPC was readily adsorbed on the surface of both IONPs. Although DPPC corona depressed the cellular uptake of IONPs, IONPs@DPPC complexes caused higher cytotoxicity toward RAW 264.7 macrophages, compared to pristine IONPs. Mechanistic studies have shown that IONPs react with intracellular hydrogen peroxide, which promotes the Fenton reaction, to generate hydroxyl radicals. Iron ions could oxidize lipids to form lipid peroxides, and lipid hydroperoxides will decompose to generate hydroxyl radicals, which further promote cellular oxidative stress, lipid accumulation, foam cell formation, and the release of inflammatory factors. These findings demonstrated the phenomenon of coronal component oxidation, which contributed to IONPs-induced cytotoxicity. This study offered a brand-new toxicological mechanism of IONPs at the molecular level, which is helpful for further understanding the adverse effects of IONPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidong Li
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Rd, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Xiaoqi Tao
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Rd, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Erqun Song
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Rd, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuangqing Rd, Haidian District, Beijing, 100085, China.
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Li D, Wang X, Liao Y, Wang S, Shan J, Ji J. Insights Gained Into the Treatment of COVID19 by Pulmonary Surfactant and Its Components. Front Immunol 2022; 13:842453. [PMID: 35592339 PMCID: PMC9110697 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.842453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary surfactant constitutes an important barrier that pathogens must cross to gain access to the rest of the organism via the respiratory surface. The presence of pulmonary surfactant prevents the dissemination of pathogens, modulates immune responses, and optimizes lung biophysical activity. Thus, the application of pulmonary surfactant for the treatment of respiratory diseases provides an effective strategy. Currently, several clinical trials are investigating the use of surfactant preparations to treat patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Some factors have been considered in the application of pulmonary surfactant for the treatment COVID-19, such as mechanical ventilation strategy, timing of treatment, dose delivered, method of delivery, and preparation utilized. This review supplements this list with two additional factors: accurate measurement of surfactants in patients and proper selection of pulmonary surfactant components. This review provides a reference for ongoing exogenous surfactant trials involving patients with COVID-19 and provides insight for the development of surfactant preparations for the treatment of viral respiratory infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Disease, Institute of Pediatrics, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Department of Immunology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xianzheng Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Disease, Institute of Pediatrics, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yingzhao Liao
- Pediatrics of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shouchuan Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Disease, Institute of Pediatrics, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinjun Shan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Disease, Institute of Pediatrics, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianjian Ji
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Disease, Institute of Pediatrics, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Kattner AA. After me, the deluge: The intricacies of pulmonary surfactant. Biomed J 2021; 44:645-650. [PMID: 34942391 PMCID: PMC8847826 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2021.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This issue of the Biomedical Journal provides a comprehensive insight into the role of pulmonary surfactant and influencing its components as well as involved molecules to treat a variety of respiratory distress disorders. We also discover how epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) could be targeted as part of a therapeutic strategy against lung cancer. Furthermore, a method is described to eliminate chemoresistance against gemcitabine, a drug administered to treat pancreatic cancer. We gain an insight into the composition of salivary calcium particles in periodontitis, a technique to circumvent complications in hip surgery, and a potential treatment to accelerate diabetic wound healing. Moreover, we get to know an essential oil that exerts a similar effect as diazepam on the central nervous system. A trial in patients with myofascial pain syndrome demonstrates how laser assisted trigger point therapy leads to immediate relief. Finally, a case study outlines the discovery of a genetic mutation that plays a role in intellectual disability.
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Fraile-Ágreda V, Cañadas O, Weaver TE, Casals C. Synergistic Action of Antimicrobial Lung Proteins against Klebsiella pneumoniae. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222011146. [PMID: 34681806 PMCID: PMC8538444 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
As key components of innate immunity, lung antimicrobial proteins play a critical role in warding off invading respiratory pathogens. Lung surfactant protein A (SP-A) exerts synergistic antimicrobial activity with the N-terminal segment of the SP-B proprotein (SP-BN) against Klebsiella pneumoniae K2 in vivo. However, the factors that govern SP-A/SP-BN antimicrobial activity are still unclear. The aim of this study was to identify the mechanisms by which SP-A and SP-BN act synergistically against K. pneumoniae, which is resistant to either protein alone. The effect of these proteins on K. pneumoniae was studied by membrane permeabilization and depolarization assays and transmission electron microscopy. Their effects on model membranes of the outer and inner bacterial membranes were analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry and membrane leakage assays. Our results indicate that the SP-A/SP-BN complex alters the ultrastructure of K. pneumoniae by binding to lipopolysaccharide molecules present in the outer membrane, forming packing defects in the membrane that may favor the translocation of both proteins to the periplasmic space. The SP-A/SP-BN complex depolarized and permeabilized the inner membrane, perhaps through the induction of toroidal pores. We conclude that the synergistic antimicrobial activity of SP-A/SP-BN is based on the capability of this complex, but not either protein alone, to alter the integrity of bacterial membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Fraile-Ágreda
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Olga Cañadas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Correspondence: (O.C.); (C.C.)
| | - Timothy E. Weaver
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children′s Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA;
| | - Cristina Casals
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Correspondence: (O.C.); (C.C.)
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Mikolka P, Curstedt T, Feinstein R, Larsson A, Grendar M, Rising A, Johansson J. Impact of synthetic surfactant CHF5633 with SP-B and SP-C analogues on lung function and inflammation in rabbit model of acute respiratory distress syndrome. Physiol Rep 2021; 9:e14700. [PMID: 33403805 PMCID: PMC7786196 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is associated with diffuse inflammation, alveolar epithelial damage, and leakage of plasma proteins into the alveolar space, which together contribute to inactivation of pulmonary surfactant and respiratory failure. Exogenous surfactant delivery is therefore considered to hold potential for ARDS treatment, but clinical trials with natural derived surfactant or synthetic surfactant containing a surfactant protein C (SP-C) analogue have been negative. Synthetic surfactant CHF5633, containing analogues of SP-B and SP-C, may be effective against ARDS. The aim here was to compare treatment effects of CHF5633 and animal-derived surfactant poractant alfa in animal model of ARDS. ARDS was induced in adult New Zealand rabbits by mild lung lavages followed by injurious ventilation until respiratory failure (P/F ratio <26.7 kPa). The animals were then treated with intratracheal bolus of 200 mg/kg CHF5633 or poractant alfa (Curosurf® ), or air as control. The animals were subsequently ventilated for an additional 4 hr and respiratory parameters were recorded regularly. Postmortem, histological analysis, degree of lung edema, and levels of the cytokines TNFα, IL-6, and IL-8 in lung homogenates were evaluated. Both surfactant preparations improved lung function, reduced the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and degree of lung edema to very similar degrees versus the controls. No significant differences in any of the analyzed parameters were observed between the CHF5633- and poractant alfa-treated groups. This study indicates that single dose of CHF5633 improves lung function and attenuates inflammation as effectively as poractant alfa in experimental ARDS caused by injurious ventilation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavol Mikolka
- Division for NeurogeriatricsDepartment of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and SocietyKarolinska InstitutetHuddingeSweden
- Biomedical Center MartinJessenius Faculty of Medicine in MartinComenius University in BratislavaMartinSlovakia
- Department of PhysiologyJessenius Faculty of Medicine in MartinComenius University in BratislavaMartinSlovakia
| | - Tore Curstedt
- Department of Molecular Medicine and SurgeryKarolinska InstitutetKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
| | - Riccardo Feinstein
- Department of PathologyThe Swedish National Veterinary InstituteUppsalaSweden
| | - Anders Larsson
- Hedenstierna LaboratoryDepartment of Surgical SciencesUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
| | - Marian Grendar
- Biomedical Center MartinJessenius Faculty of Medicine in MartinComenius University in BratislavaMartinSlovakia
| | - Anna Rising
- Division for NeurogeriatricsDepartment of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and SocietyKarolinska InstitutetHuddingeSweden
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and BiochemistrySwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUppsalaSweden
| | - Jan Johansson
- Division for NeurogeriatricsDepartment of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and SocietyKarolinska InstitutetHuddingeSweden
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12
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Schmidt AF, Kannan PS, Bridges J, Presicce P, Jackson CM, Miller LA, Kallapur SG, Chougnet CA, Jobe AH. Prenatal inflammation enhances antenatal corticosteroid-induced fetal lung maturation. JCI Insight 2020; 5:139452. [PMID: 33328385 PMCID: PMC7819743 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.139452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Respiratory complicˆations are the major cause of morbidity and mortality among preterm infants, which is partially prevented by the administration of antenatal corticosteroids (ACS). Most very preterm infants are exposed to chorioamnionitis, but short- and long-term effects of ACS treatment in this setting are not well defined. In low-resource settings, ACS increased neonatal mortality by perhaps increasing infection. We report that treatment with low-dose ACS in the setting of inflammation induced by intraamniotic lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in rhesus macaques improves lung compliance and increases surfactant production relative to either exposure alone. RNA sequencing shows that these changes are mediated by suppression of proliferation and induction of mesenchymal cellular death via TP53. The combined exposure results in a mature-like transcriptomic profile with inhibition of extracellular matrix development by suppression of collagen genes COL1A1, COL1A2, and COL3A1 and regulators of lung development FGF9 and FGF10. ACS and inflammation also suppressed signature genes associated with proliferative mesenchymal progenitors similar to the term gestation lung. Treatment with ACS in the setting of inflammation may result in early respiratory advantage to preterm infants, but this advantage may come at a risk of abnormal extracellular matrix development, which may be associated with increased risk of chronic lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augusto F. Schmidt
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Paranthaman S. Kannan
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - James Bridges
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Pietro Presicce
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Courtney M. Jackson
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Lisa A. Miller
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, UCD, Davis, California, USA
| | - Suhas G. Kallapur
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Claire A. Chougnet
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Alan H. Jobe
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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13
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Radiom M, Sarkis M, Brookes O, Oikonomou EK, Baeza-Squiban A, Berret JF. Pulmonary surfactant inhibition of nanoparticle uptake by alveolar epithelial cells. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19436. [PMID: 33173147 PMCID: PMC7655959 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76332-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary surfactant forms a sub-micrometer thick fluid layer that covers the surface of alveolar lumen and inhaled nanoparticles therefore come in to contact with surfactant prior to any interaction with epithelial cells. We investigate the role of the surfactant as a protective physical barrier by modeling the interactions using silica-Curosurf-alveolar epithelial cell system in vitro. Electron microscopy displays that the vesicles are preserved in the presence of nanoparticles while nanoparticle-lipid interaction leads to formation of mixed aggregates. Fluorescence microscopy reveals that the surfactant decreases the uptake of nanoparticles by up to two orders of magnitude in two models of alveolar epithelial cells, A549 and NCI-H441, irrespective of immersed culture on glass or air-liquid interface culture on transwell. Confocal microscopy corroborates the results by showing nanoparticle-lipid colocalization interacting with the cells. Our work thus supports the idea that pulmonary surfactant plays a protective role against inhaled nanoparticles. The effect of surfactant should therefore be considered in predictive assessment of nanoparticle toxicity or drug nanocarrier uptake. Models based on the one presented in this work may be used for preclinical tests with engineered nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Radiom
- UMR CNRS 7057, Laboratoire Matière Et Systèmes Complexes, Université de Paris, Paris, France.
- Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, D-HEST, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - M Sarkis
- UMR CNRS 7057, Laboratoire Matière Et Systèmes Complexes, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - O Brookes
- UMR CNRS 8251, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - E K Oikonomou
- UMR CNRS 7057, Laboratoire Matière Et Systèmes Complexes, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - A Baeza-Squiban
- UMR CNRS 8251, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - J-F Berret
- UMR CNRS 7057, Laboratoire Matière Et Systèmes Complexes, Université de Paris, Paris, France.
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14
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Lin J, Jiang Y, Luo Y, Guo H, Huang C, Peng J, Cao Y. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) transformed THP-1 macrophages into foam cells: Impact of pulmonary surfactant component dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine. J Hazard Mater 2020; 392:122286. [PMID: 32086094 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary surfactant or its components can function as barriers toward nanomaterials (NMs) entering pulmonary systems. However, since pulmonary surfactant mainly consists of lipids, it may be necessary to investigate the effects of co-exposure to NMs and pulmonary surfactant or its components on lipid metabolism and related signaling pathways. Recently we found that multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) transformed THP-1 macrophages into lipid-laden foam cells via ER stress pathway. Here this study further investigated the impact of pulmonary surfactant component dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) on this process. Up to 64 μg/mL hydroxylated or carboxylated MWCNTs induced lipid accumulation and IL-6 release in THP-1 macrophages, accompanying with increased oxidative stress and p-chop proteins (biomarker for ER stress). Incubation with 100 μg/mL DPPC led to MWCNT surface coating but did not significantly alter MWCNT internalization, lipid burden or IL-6 release. However, lipidomics indicated that DPPC altered lipid profliles in MWCNT-exposed cells. DPPC also led to a higher level of de novo lipogenesis regulator FASN in cells exposed to hydroxylated MWCNTs, as well as a higher level of p-chop and scavenger receptor MSR1 in cells exposed to carboxylated MWCNTs. Combined, DPPC did not significantly affect MWCNT-induced lipid accumulation but altered lipid components and ER stress in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinru Lin
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Ying Jiang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Yingmei Luo
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Hao Guo
- Chongqing Institute of Forensic Science, Chongqing 400021, China
| | - Chaobo Huang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University (NFU), Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Jinfeng Peng
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China.
| | - Yi Cao
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China.
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15
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Guo X, Luo S, Amidani D, Rivetti C, Pieraccini G, Pioselli B, Catinella S, Murgia X, Salomone F, Xu Y, Dong Y, Sun B. In vitro characterization and in vivo comparison of the pulmonary outcomes of Poractant alfa and Calsurf in ventilated preterm rabbits. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0230229. [PMID: 32168331 PMCID: PMC7069639 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Poractant alfa and Calsurf are two natural surfactants widely used in China for the treatment of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, which are extracted from porcine and calf lungs, respectively. The purpose of this experimental study was to compare their in vitro characteristics and in vivo effects in the improvement of pulmonary function and protection of lung injury. The biophysical properties, ultrastructure, and lipid composition of both surfactant preparations were respectively analysed in vitro by means of Langmuir-Blodgett trough (LBT), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and liquid-chromatography mass-spectrometry (LC-MS). Then, as core pharmacological activity, both head-to-head (100 and 200 mg/kg for both surfactants) and licensed dose comparisons (70 mg/kg Calsurf vs. 200 mg/kg Poractant alfa) between the two surfactants were conducted as prophylaxis in preterm rabbits with primary surfactant deficiency, assessing survival time and rate and dynamic compliance of the respiratory system (Cdyn). Intrapulmonary surfactant pools, morphometric volume density as alveolar expansion (Vv), and lung injury scores were determined post mortem. AFM and LC-MS analysis revealed qualitative differences in the ultrastructure as well as in the lipid composition of both preparations. Calsurf showed a longer plateau region of the LBT isotherm and lower film compressibility. In vivo, both surfactant preparations improved Cdyn at any dose, although maximum benefits in terms of Vv and intrapulmonary surfactant pools were seen with the 200 mg/kg dose in both surfactants. The group of animals treated with 200 mg/kg of Poractant alfa showed a prolonged survival time and rate compared to untreated but ventilated controls, and significantly ameliorated lung injury compared to Calsurf at any dose, including 200 mg/kg. The overall outcomes suggest the pulmonary effects to be dose dependent for both preparations. The group of animals treated with 200 mg/kg of Poractant alfa showed a significant reduction of mortality. Compared to Calsurf, Poractant alfa exerted better effects if licensed doses were compared, which requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Guo
- Departments of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Siwei Luo
- Departments of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Davide Amidani
- Department of Research and Development, Chiesi Farmaceutici, Parma, Italy
| | - Claudio Rivetti
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pieraccini
- CISM Mass Spectrometry Centre, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Barbara Pioselli
- Department of Research and Development, Chiesi Farmaceutici, Parma, Italy
| | - Silvia Catinella
- Department of Research and Development, Chiesi Farmaceutici, Parma, Italy
| | - Xabi Murgia
- Department of Drug Delivery, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research, Saarbrücken, Saarland, Germany
| | - Fabrizio Salomone
- Department of Research and Development, Chiesi Farmaceutici, Parma, Italy
| | - Yaling Xu
- Departments of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Dong
- Departments of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Sun
- Departments of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: ,
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16
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Numata M, Mitchell JR, Tipper JL, Brand JD, Trombley JE, Nagashima Y, Kandasamy P, Chu HW, Harrod KS, Voelker DR. Pulmonary surfactant lipids inhibit infections with the pandemic H1N1 influenza virus in several animal models. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:1704-1715. [PMID: 31882535 PMCID: PMC7008372 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.012053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 outbreak in 2009 exemplified the problems accompanying the emergence of novel influenza A virus (IAV) strains and their unanticipated virulence in populations with no pre-existing immunity. Neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs) are currently the drugs of choice for intervention against IAV outbreaks, but there are concerns that NAI-resistant viruses can transmit to high-risk populations. These issues highlight the need for new approaches that address the annual influenza burden. In this study, we examined whether palmitoyl-oleoyl-phosphatidylglycerol (POPG) and phosphatidylinositol (PI) effectively antagonize (H1N1)pdm09 infection. POPG and PI markedly suppressed cytopathic effects and attenuated viral gene expression in (H1N1)pdm09-infected Madin-Darby canine kidney cells. POPG and PI bound to (H1N1)pdm09 with high affinity and disrupted viral spread from infected to noninfected cells in tissue culture and also reduced (H1N1)pdm09 propagation by a factor of 102 after viral infection was established in vitro In a mouse infection model of (H1N1)pdm09, POPG and PI significantly reduced lung inflammation and viral burden. Of note, when mice were challenged with a typically lethal dose of 1000 plaque-forming units of (H1N1)pdm09, survival after 10 days was 100% (14 of 14 mice) with the POPG treatment compared with 0% (0 of 14 mice) without this treatment. POPG also significantly reduced inflammatory infiltrates and the viral burden induced by (H1N1)pdm09 infection in a ferret model. These findings indicate that anionic phospholipids potently and efficiently disrupt influenza infections in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Numata
- Department of Medicine, Program in Cell Biology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado 80206
| | - James R Mitchell
- Department of Medicine, Program in Cell Biology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado 80206
| | - Jennifer L Tipper
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
| | - Jeffrey D Brand
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
| | - John E Trombley
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
| | - Yoji Nagashima
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Tokyo Women's Medical University Hospital, Tokyo 1628666, Japan
| | - Pitchaimani Kandasamy
- Department of Medicine, Program in Cell Biology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado 80206
| | - Hong Wei Chu
- Department of Medicine, Program in Cell Biology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado 80206
| | - Kevin S Harrod
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
| | - Dennis R Voelker
- Department of Medicine, Program in Cell Biology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado 80206.
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17
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Stachowicz-Kuśnierz A, Seidler T, Rogalska E, Korchowiec J, Korchowiec B. Lung surfactant monolayer - A good natural barrier against dibenzo-p-dioxins. Chemosphere 2020; 240:124850. [PMID: 31561163 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The present study deals with interaction of two air pollutants: dibenzodioxin, DD, and its' monochlorinated derivative, 2-chlorodibenzodioxin, 2CLDD, with models of the lung surfactant (LS) system. A monolayer composed of DPPC and POPC in 1:1 molar ratio was used as a model of LS. One component monolayers of DPPC and POPC were also examined, to model the interiors of LC and LE domains in LS, respectively. Molecular dynamics simulations and measurements of surface pressure isotherms, as well as polarization modulation-infrared reflection-absorption spectra were employed to study the influence of dioxins on the monolayers. We demonstrate, that both dioxins adsorb and accumulate in the hydrophobic parts of all three monolayers. DD molecules prefer flat orientation on the surface at large areas. Upon compression, they lift and orient perpendicularly to the monolayer. Flat orientation of DD molecules leads to their large surface area. In consequence they preferentially locate in vicinity of unsaturated chains of POPC - they are small enough to fill void spaces created by kinks in unsaturated chains. 2CLDD orient along monolayer normal already at the largest areas and preference for POPC was not observed for them. In laterally relaxed states, a condensing effect, connected with reduction of surface area available to the lipids was observed for both dioxins. In the case of 2CLDD, additional locally ordering influence of dioxin molecules was detected. In compressed states, the presence of dioxin molecules hinders alignment and uniform ordering of lipid chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Stachowicz-Kuśnierz
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 2, 30-387, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Tomasz Seidler
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 2, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Ewa Rogalska
- UMR 7053 CNRS-UL, Université de Lorraine, Faculté de Sciences et Technologies, B.P. 70239, 54506, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy cedex, France
| | - Jacek Korchowiec
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 2, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Beata Korchowiec
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 2, 30-387, Krakow, Poland.
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18
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Hillman NH, Kothe TB, Schmidt AF, Kemp MW, Royse E, Fee E, Salomone F, Clarke MW, Musk GC, Jobe AH. Surfactant plus budesonide decreases lung and systemic responses to injurious ventilation in preterm sheep. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2020; 318:L41-L48. [PMID: 31617728 PMCID: PMC6985873 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00203.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical ventilation from birth with normal tidal volumes (VT) causes lung injury and systemic responses in preterm sheep. The addition of budesonide to surfactant therapy decreases these injury markers. Budesonide and surfactant will decrease the injury from injurious VT ventilation in preterm sheep. Lambs at 126 ± 1 day gestational age were ventilated from birth with either: 1) Normal VT [surfactant 200 mg/kg before ventilation, positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) 5 cmH2O, VT 8 mL/kg] or 2) Injury VT (high pressure, 100% oxygen, no PEEP) for 15 min, then further randomized to surfactant + saline or surfactant + 0.25 mg/kg budesonide with Normal VT for 6 h. Lung function and lung, liver, and brain tissues were evaluated for indicators of injury. Injury VT + saline caused significant injury and systemic responses, and Injury VT + budesonide improved lung physiology. Budesonide decreased lung inflammation and decreased pro-inflammatory cytokine mRNA in the lung, liver, and brain to levels similar to Normal VT + saline. Budesonide was present in plasma within 15 min of treatment in both ventilation groups, and less than 5% of the budesonide remained in the lung at 6 h. mRNA sequencing of liver and periventricular white matter demonstrated multiple pathways altered by both Injury VT and budesonide and the combination exposure. In lambs receiving Injury VT, the addition of budesonide to surfactant improved lung physiology and decreased pro-inflammatory cytokine responses in the lung, liver, and brain to levels similar to lambs receiving Normal VT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah H Hillman
- Division of Neonatology, Cardinal Glennon Children's Hospital, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - T Brett Kothe
- Division of Neonatology, Cardinal Glennon Children's Hospital, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Augusto F Schmidt
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Matthew W Kemp
- School of Women's and Infants' Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Emily Royse
- Division of Neonatology, Cardinal Glennon Children's Hospital, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Erin Fee
- School of Women's and Infants' Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Fabrizio Salomone
- Department of Preclinical Pharmacology R&D, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A, Parma, Italy
| | - Michael W Clarke
- Metabolomics Australia, Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Gabrielle C Musk
- School of Women's and Infants' Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Animal Care Services, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Alan H Jobe
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
- School of Women's and Infants' Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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19
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Basabe-Burgos O, Ahlström JZ, Mikolka P, Landreh M, Johansson J, Curstedt T, Rising A. Efficient delipidation of a recombinant lung surfactant lipopeptide analogue by liquid-gel chromatography. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0226072. [PMID: 31800629 PMCID: PMC6892477 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0226072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary surfactant preparations extracted from natural sources have been used to treat millions of newborn babies with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and can possibly also be used to treat other lung diseases. Due to costly production and limited supply of animal-derived surfactants, synthetic alternatives are attractive. The water insolubility and aggregation-prone nature of the proteins present in animal-derived surfactant preparations have complicated development of artificial surfactant. A non-aggregating analog of lung surfactant protein C, SP-C33Leu is used in synthetic surfactant and we recently described an efficient method to produce rSP-C33Leu in bacteria. Here rSP-C33Leu obtained by salt precipitation of bacterial extracts was purified by two-step liquid gel chromatography and analyzed using mass spectrometry and RP-HPLC, showing that it is void of modifications and adducts. Premature New Zealand White rabbit fetuses instilled with 200mg/kg of 2% of rSP-C33Leu in phospholipids and ventilated with a positive end expiratory pressure showed increased tidal volumes and lung gas volumes compared to animals treated with phospholipids only. This shows that rSP-C33Leu can be purified from bacterial lipids and that rSP-C33Leu surfactant is active against experimental RDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oihana Basabe-Burgos
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division for Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Jakub Zebialowicz Ahlström
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division for Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Pavol Mikolka
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division for Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
- Biomedical Center Martin and Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Michael Landreh
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Tumour and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Tomtebodavägen, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jan Johansson
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division for Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Tore Curstedt
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Rising
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division for Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
- * E-mail:
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20
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Kinting S, Li Y, Forstner M, Delhommel F, Sattler M, Griese M. Potentiation of ABCA3 lipid transport function by ivacaftor and genistein. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:5225-5234. [PMID: 31210424 PMCID: PMC6652914 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
ABCA3 is a phospholipid transporter implicated in pulmonary surfactant homoeostasis and localized at the limiting membrane of lamellar bodies, the storage compartment for surfactant in alveolar type II cells. Mutations in ABCA3 display a common genetic cause for diseases caused by surfactant deficiency like respiratory distress in neonates and interstitial lung disease in children and adults, for which currently no causal therapy exists. In this study, we investigated the effects of ivacaftor and genistein, two potentiators of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), on ABCA3-specific lipid transport function. Wild-type (WT) and functional ABCA3 mutations N568D, F629L, G667R, T1114M and L1580P were stably expressed in A549 cells. Three-dimensional modelling predicted functional impairment for all five mutants that was confirmed by in vitro experiments (all <14% of WT functional activity). Treatment with potentiators rescued the mutants N568D (up to 114% of WT), F629L (up to 47% of WT), and G667R (up to 60% of WT), the latter variation needing higher concentrations of genistein, showing reduced affinity of the potentiator to the mutant protein. Our results present a first proof that functional ABCA3 mutations are rescued by CFTR potentiators, making them a potential therapeutical option for patients suffering from surfactant deficiency due to ABCA3 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Kinting
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's HospitalUniversity Hospital, LMU MunichMunichGermany
- Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL)MunichGermany
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's HospitalUniversity Hospital, LMU MunichMunichGermany
| | - Maria Forstner
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's HospitalUniversity Hospital, LMU MunichMunichGermany
- Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL)MunichGermany
| | - Florent Delhommel
- Institute of Structural BiologyHelmholtz Zentrum MünchenNeuherbergGermany
- Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich at Department ChemieTechnical University of MunichGarchingGermany
| | - Michael Sattler
- Institute of Structural BiologyHelmholtz Zentrum MünchenNeuherbergGermany
- Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich at Department ChemieTechnical University of MunichGarchingGermany
| | - Matthias Griese
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's HospitalUniversity Hospital, LMU MunichMunichGermany
- Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL)MunichGermany
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21
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Jia J, Yuan X, Peng X, Yan B. Cr(VI)/Pb 2+ are responsible for PM2.5-induced cytotoxicity in A549 cells while pulmonary surfactant alleviates such toxicity. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019; 172:152-158. [PMID: 30708226 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.01.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The composition of PM2.5 is extremely complicated, making the causes of PM2.5-induced toxicity hard to understand. To identify the major toxic components of PM2.5 particles, we used reductionism approach, synthesized and investigated a model PM2.5 library containing 24 carbon nanoparticles with adsorbed pollutants including Cr(VI), Pb2+, As(III) and BaP either individually or in combinations. Our data showed that major physicochemical characteristics of model PM2.5 library members were similar to PM2.5 particles from Guangzhou city (PM2.5-GZ). Cytotoxicity of lung cells (A549) was increasing as the member of adsorbed pollutants at environment relevant concentrations. Using these model particles, we identified that co-existence of Cr(VI) and Pb2+ components contributed to the PM2.5-induced cytotoxicity in A549 cells. Besides, pulmonary surfactant reduced the PM2.5-induced cytotoxicity in A549 cells probably via enhancing cell autophagy. The findings from this study suggest that systematic investigation using model PM2.5 particle library helps identify key toxic pollutants in otherwise very complex PM2.5 particles and facilitate our understanding of the underlying biological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Jia
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaoru Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Xiaowu Peng
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Bing Yan
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
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22
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Kothe TB, Kemp MW, Schmidt A, Royse E, Salomone F, Clarke MW, Musk GC, Jobe AH, Hillman NH. Surfactant plus budesonide decreases lung and systemic inflammation in mechanically ventilated preterm sheep. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2019; 316:L888-L893. [PMID: 30838863 PMCID: PMC6589588 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00477.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanical ventilation with normal tidal volumes (VT) causes lung and systemic inflammation in preterm sheep. Mechanical ventilation is associated with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants, and the addition of budesonide to surfactant decreases BPD in clinical trials. Budesonide with surfactant will decrease the lung injury from mechanical ventilation for 24 h in preterm sheep. Lambs at 126 ± 1 day gestational age were delivered and randomized to either: 1) surfactant (200 mg/kg) or 2) surfactant mixed with budesonide (0.25 mg/kg) before mechanical ventilation with VT of 7-8 ml/kg for 2, 6, or 24 h (n = 6 or 7/group). Lung physiology and budesonide levels in the plasma and the lung were measured. Lung tissue, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), liver, and brain tissues were evaluated for indicators of injury. High initial budesonide plasma levels of 170 ng/ml decreased to 3 ng/ml at 24 h. Lung tissue budesonide levels were less than 1% of initial dose by 24 h. Although physiological variables were generally similar, budesonide-exposed lambs required lower mean airway pressures, had higher hyperoxia responses, and had more stable blood pressures. Budesonide decreased proinflammatory mRNA in the lung, liver, and brain. Budesonide also decreased total protein and proinflammatory cytokines in BALF, and decreased inducible nitric oxide synthase activation at 24 h. In ventilated preterm lambs, most of the budesonide left the lung within 24 h. The addition of budesonide to surfactant improved physiology, decreased markers of lung injury, and decreased systemic responses in liver and brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Brett Kothe
- Division of Neonatology, Cardinal Glennon Children's Hospital, Saint Louis University , St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Matthew W Kemp
- School of Women's and Infants' Health, University of Western Australia , Perth, Western Australia , Australia
| | - Augusto Schmidt
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Emily Royse
- Division of Neonatology, Cardinal Glennon Children's Hospital, Saint Louis University , St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Fabrizio Salomone
- Department of Preclinical Pharmacology R&D, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A., Parma , Italy
| | - Michael W Clarke
- Metabolomics Australia, Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis, The University of Western Australia , Perth, Western Australia , Australia
| | - Gabrielle C Musk
- School of Women's and Infants' Health, University of Western Australia , Perth, Western Australia , Australia
- Animal Care Services, University of Western Australia , Perth, Western Australia , Australia
| | - Alan H Jobe
- School of Women's and Infants' Health, University of Western Australia , Perth, Western Australia , Australia
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Noah H Hillman
- Division of Neonatology, Cardinal Glennon Children's Hospital, Saint Louis University , St. Louis, Missouri
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23
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Castelletto V, Edwards-Gayle CJC, Hamley IW, Barrett G, Seitsonen J, Ruokolainen J. Peptide-Stabilized Emulsions and Gels from an Arginine-Rich Surfactant-like Peptide with Antimicrobial Activity. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:9893-9903. [PMID: 30785266 PMCID: PMC7005944 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b00581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The preparation of hydrogels and stable emulsions is important in the formulation of many functional nanostructured soft materials. We investigate the multifunctional self-assembly and bioactivity properties of a novel surfactant-like peptide (SLP) that shows antimicrobial activity, is able to form hydrogels without pH adjustment, and is able to stabilize oil-in-water emulsions. Furthermore, we demonstrate on-demand de-emulsification in response to the protease enzyme elastase. We show that SLP (Ala)9-Arg (A9R) forms β-sheet fibers above a critical aggregation concentration and that water-in-oil emulsions are stabilized by a coating of β-sheet fibers around the emulsion droplets. Furthermore, we demonstrate enzyme-responsive de-emulsification, which has potential in the development of responsive release systems. The peptide shows selective antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative pathogens including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which causes serious infections. Our results highlight the utility of SLPs in the stabilization of oil/water emulsions and the potential for these to be used to formulate antimicrobial peptide emulsions which are additionally responsive to protease. The peptide A9R has pronounced antibacterial activity against clinically challenging pathogens, and its ability to form β-sheet fibers plays a key role in its diverse structural properties, ranging from hydrogel formation to emulsion stabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Castelletto
- Department of Chemistry and School of Biological
Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AD, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ian W. Hamley
- Department of Chemistry and School of Biological
Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AD, United Kingdom
| | - Glyn Barrett
- Department of Chemistry and School of Biological
Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AD, United Kingdom
| | - Jani Seitsonen
- Nanomicroscopy Center, Aalto University, Puumiehenkuja
2, FIN-02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Janne Ruokolainen
- Nanomicroscopy Center, Aalto University, Puumiehenkuja
2, FIN-02150 Espoo, Finland
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24
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Knudsen L, Lopez-Rodriguez E, Berndt L, Steffen L, Ruppert C, Bates JHT, Ochs M, Smith BJ. Alveolar Micromechanics in Bleomycin-induced Lung Injury. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2018; 59:757-769. [PMID: 30095988 PMCID: PMC6293074 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2018-0044oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung injury results in intratidal alveolar recruitment and derecruitment and alveolar collapse, creating stress concentrators that increase strain and aggravate injury. In this work, we sought to describe alveolar micromechanics during mechanical ventilation in bleomycin-induced lung injury and surfactant replacement therapy. Structure and function were assessed in rats 1 day and 3 days after intratracheal bleomycin instillation and after surfactant replacement therapy. Pulmonary system mechanics were measured during ventilation with positive end-expiratory pressures (PEEPs) between 1 and 10 cm H2O, followed by perfusion fixation at end-expiratory pressure at airway opening (Pao) values of 1, 5, 10, and 20 cm H2O for quantitative analyses of lung structure. Lung structure and function were used to parameterize a physiologically based, multicompartment computational model of alveolar micromechanics. In healthy controls, the numbers of open alveoli remained stable in a range of Pao = 1-20 cm H2O, whereas bleomycin-challenged lungs demonstrated progressive alveolar derecruitment with Pao < 10 cm H2O. At Day 3, ∼40% of the alveoli remained closed at high Pao, and alveolar size heterogeneity increased. Simulations of injured lungs predicted that alveolar recruitment pressures were much greater than the derecruitment pressures, so that minimal intratidal recruitment and derecruitment occurred during mechanical ventilation with a tidal volume of 10 ml/kg body weight over a range of PEEPs. However, the simulations also predicted a dramatic increase in alveolar strain with injury that we attribute to alveolar interdependence. These findings suggest that in progressive lung injury, alveolar collapse with increased distension of patent (open) alveoli dominates alveolar micromechanics. PEEP and surfactant substitution reduce alveolar collapse and dynamic strain but increase static strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Knudsen
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, and
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL) Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- REBIRTH, Cluster of Excellence, Hannover, Germany
| | - Elena Lopez-Rodriguez
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, and
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL) Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- REBIRTH, Cluster of Excellence, Hannover, Germany
| | | | | | - Clemens Ruppert
- Department of Internal Medicine, and
- Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | | | - Matthias Ochs
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, and
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL) Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- REBIRTH, Cluster of Excellence, Hannover, Germany
| | - Bradford J. Smith
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado
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25
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Ricci F, Casiraghi C, Storti M, D’Alò F, Catozzi C, Ciccimarra R, Ravanetti F, Cacchioli A, Villetti G, Civelli M, Murgia X, Carnielli V, Salomone F. Surfactant replacement therapy in combination with different non-invasive ventilation techniques in spontaneously-breathing, surfactant-depleted adult rabbits. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0200542. [PMID: 30001410 PMCID: PMC6042776 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0200542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) holds great potential as a primary ventilation support method for Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS). The use of NIPPV may also be of great value combined with minimally invasive surfactant delivery. Our aim was to implement an in vivo model of RDS, which can be managed with different non-invasive ventilation (NIV) strategies, including non-synchronized NIPPV, synchronized NIPPV (SNIPPV), and nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP). Forty-two surfactant-depleted adult rabbits were allocated in six different groups: three groups of animals were treated with only NIV for three hours (NIPPV, SNIPPV, and NCPAP groups), while three other groups were treated with surfactant (SF) followed by NIV (NIPPV+SF, SNIPPV+SF, and NCPAP+SF groups). Arterial gas exchange, ventilation indices, and dynamic compliance were assessed. Post-mortem the lungs were sampled for histological evaluation. Surfactant depletion was successfully achieved by repeated broncho-alveolar lavages (BALs). After BALs, all animals developed a moderate respiratory distress, which could not be reverted by merely applying NIV. Conversely, surfactant administration followed by NIV induced a rapid improvement of arterial oxygenation in all surfactant-treated groups. Breath synchronization was associated with a significantly better response in terms of gas exchange and dynamic compliance compared to non-synchronized NIPPV, showing also the lowest injury scores after histological assessment. The proposed in vivo model of surfactant deficiency was successfully managed with NCPAP, NIPPV, or SNIPPV; this model resembles a moderate respiratory distress and it is suitable for the preclinical testing of less invasive surfactant administration techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xabi Murgia
- Department of Drug Delivery, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Virgilio Carnielli
- Division of Neonatology, Polytechnic University of Marche and Salesi Children’s Hospital, Ancona, Italy
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26
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Giambelluca S, Ricci F, Simonato M, Correani A, Casiraghi C, Storti M, Cogo P, Salomone F, Carnielli VP. Estimating the contribution of surfactant replacement therapy to the alveolar pool: An in vivo study based on 13 C natural abundance in rabbits. J Mass Spectrom 2018; 53:560-564. [PMID: 29633450 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Variation of the isotopic abundance of selected nutrients and molecules has been used for pharmacological and kinetics studies under the premise that the administered molecule has a different isotopic enrichment from the isotopic background of the recipient subject. The aim of this study is to test the feasibility of assessing the contribution of exogenous surfactant phospholipids to the endogenous alveolar pool in vivo after exogenous surfactant replacement therapy in rabbits. The study consisted in measuring the consistency of 13 C/12 C ratio of disaturated-phosphatidylcholine palmitate (DSPC-PA) in 7 lots of poractant alfa, produced over a year, and among bronchoalveolar lavages of 20 rabbits fed with a standard chow. A pilot study was performed in a rabbit model of lavage-induced surfactant deficiency: 7 control rabbits and 4 treated with exogenous surfactant. The contribution of exogenous surfactant to the alveolar pool was assessed after intra-tracheal administration of 200 mg/kg of poractant alfa. The 13 C content of DSPC-PA was measured by isotope ratio mass spectrometry. The mean DSPC-PA 13 C/12 C ratio of the 7 lots of poractant alfa was -18.8‰ with a SD of 0.1‰ (range: -18.9‰; -18.6‰). The mean 13 C/12 C ratio of surfactant DSPC recovered from the lung lavage of 20 rabbits was -28.8 ± 1.2‰ (range: -31.7‰; -25.7‰). The contribution of exogenous surfactant to the total alveolar surfactant could be calculated in the treated rabbits, and it ranged from 83.9% to 89.6%. This pilot study describes a novel method to measure the contribution of the exogenous surfactant to the alveolar pool. This method is based on the natural variation of 13 C, and therefore it does not require the use of chemically synthetized tracers. This method could be useful in human research and especially in surfactant replacement studies in preterm infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Giambelluca
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Manuela Simonato
- Division of Pediatrics, Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Alessio Correani
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti, Ancona, Italy
| | | | | | - Paola Cogo
- Division of Pediatrics, Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | | | - Virgilio Paolo Carnielli
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti, Ancona, Italy
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27
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Gao X, Qian P, Cen D, Hong W, Peng Q, Xue M. Synthesis of phosphatidylcholine in rats with oleic acid-induced pulmonary edema and effect of exogenous pulmonary surfactant on its De Novo synthesis. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0193719. [PMID: 29554114 PMCID: PMC5858825 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In mammals, oleic acid (OA) induces pulmonary edema (PE), which can initiate acute lung injury (ALI) and lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Pulmonary surfactant (PS) plays a key role in a broad range of treatments for ARDS. The aim of the present investigation was to assess changes in the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine (PC) from choline and determine the effect of exogenous PS on its de novo synthesis in rats with OA-induced PE. Experimental rats were randomized into three groups, including a control group, OA-induced PE group, and OA-induced group treated with exogenous PS (OA-PS). Twenty-four rats were sacrificed 4 h after induction of the OA model, and tissue was examined by light and electron microscopy to assess the severity of ALI using an established scoring system at the end of the experiment. After 15 μCi 3H-choline chloride was injected intravenously, eight rats in each group were sacrificed at 4, 8, and 16 h. The radioactivity of 3H incorporated into total phospholipid (TPL) and desaturated phosphatidylcholine (DSPC) was measured in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung tissue (LT) using a liquid scintillation counter and was expressed as counts per minute (CPM). Results showed that TPL, DSPC, and the ratio of DSPC/total protein (TP) in lung tissue decreased 4 h after challenge with OA, but the levels recovered after 8 and 16 h. At 8 h after injection, 3H-TPL and 3H-DSPC radioactivity in the lungs reached its peak. Importantly, 3H-DSPC CPM were significantly lower in the PS treatment group (LT: Control: 62327 ± 9108; OA-PE: 97315 ± 10083; OA-PS: 45127 ± 10034, P < 0.05; BALF: Control: 7771 ± 1768; OA-PE: 8097 ± 1799; OA-PE: 3651 ± 1027, P < 0.05). Furthermore, DSPC secretory rate (SR) in the lungs was significantly lower in the PS treatment group at 4 h after injection (Control: 0.014 ± 0.003; OA-PE: 0.011 ± 0.004; OA-PS: 0.023 ± 0.006, P < 0.05). Therefore, we hypothesize that exogenous PS treatments may adversely affect endogenous de novo synthetic and secretory phospholipid pathways via feedback inhibition. This novel finding reveals the specific involvement of exogenous PS in endogenous synthetic and secretory phospholipid pathways during the treatment of ARDS. This information improves our understanding of how PS treatment is beneficial against ARDS and opens new opportunities for expanding its use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiwen Gao
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Minhang District, Shanghai, P.R. China
- * E-mail:
| | - Peiyu Qian
- Oncology Bioinformatic Research Center, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Minhang District, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Dong Cen
- Centre for Clinical Laboratory, Ningbo Yinzhou No 2 Hospital, Zhejiang
| | - Weijun Hong
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Minhang District, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Qing Peng
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Minhang District, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Min Xue
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Minhang District, Shanghai, P.R. China
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28
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He T, Long J, Li J, Liu L, Cao Y. Toxicity of ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) to A549 cells and A549 epithelium in vitro: Interactions with dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC). Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2017; 56:233-240. [PMID: 29028602 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2017.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 09/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Once inhaled, nanoparticles (NPs) will first interact with lung surfactant system, which may influence the colloidal aspects of NPs and consequently the toxic potential of NPs to pulmonary cells. In this study, we investigated the effects of dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC), the major component in lung surfactant, on stability and toxicity of ZnO NPs. The presence of DPPC increased the UV-vis spectra, hydrodynamic size, Zeta potential and dissolution rate of ZnO NPs, which indicates that DPPC might interact with NPs and affect the colloidal stability of NPs. Exposure to ZnO NPs induced cytotoxicity associated with increased intracellular Zn ions but not superoxide in A549 cells. In A549 epithelium model, exposure to ZnO NPs induced cytotoxicity and decreased the release of interleukin 6 (IL-6) without a significant effect on epithelial permeability rate. Co-exposure of A549 cells or A549 epithelium model to DPPC and ZnO NPs induced a higher release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) compared with the exposure of ZnO NPs alone. We concluded that the presence of DPPC could influence the colloidal stability of ZnO NPs and increase the damage of NPs to membrane probably due to the increased positive surface charge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong He
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Lab of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China
| | - Jimin Long
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Lab of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China
| | - Juan Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Lab of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China
| | - Liangliang Liu
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, PR China.
| | - Yi Cao
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Lab of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China; Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, PR China.
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29
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Huang DB, Duncan LR, Flamm RK, Dryden M, Corey GR, Wilcox MH, Torres A, File TM. The effect of pulmonary surfactant on the in vitro activity of Iclaprim against common respiratory bacterial pathogens. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2017; 90:64-66. [PMID: 29103875 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2017.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Revised: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The in vitro antimicrobial activity of iclaprim, a novel diaminopyrimidine, against common respiratory bacteria remained unchanged in the presence of pulmonary surfactant (Survanta®) at concentrations that greatly antagonized the antimicrobial activity of daptomycin. These results indicate that iclaprim could be a potential treatment for pneumonia caused by susceptible and multidrug resistant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- David B Huang
- Motif BioSciences, NY, New York; Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey.
| | | | | | - Matthew Dryden
- Department of Microbiology and Infection, Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | | | - Mark H Wilcox
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals & University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Antoni Torres
- Department of Pulmonology, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Institut D'investigacions August Pi I Sunyer, and Centro de Investigación Biomedica En Red-Enfermedades Respiratorias, Barcelona, Spain
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Backhaus S, Zakrzewicz A, Richter K, Damm J, Wilker S, Fuchs-Moll G, Küllmar M, Hecker A, Manzini I, Ruppert C, McIntosh JM, Padberg W, Grau V. Surfactant inhibits ATP-induced release of interleukin-1β via nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. J Lipid Res 2017; 58:1055-1066. [PMID: 28404637 PMCID: PMC5454502 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m071506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-1β is a potent pro-inflammatory cytokine of innate immunity involved in host defense. High systemic IL-1β levels, however, cause life-threatening inflammatory diseases, including systemic inflammatory response syndrome. In response to various danger signals, the pro-form of IL-1β is synthesized and stays in the cytoplasm unless a second signal, such as extracellular ATP, activates the inflammasome, which enables processing and release of mature IL-1β. As pulmonary surfactant is known for its anti-inflammatory properties, we hypothesize that surfactant inhibits ATP-induced release of IL-1β. Lipopolysaccharide-primed monocytic U937 cells were stimulated with an ATP analog in the presence of natural or synthetic surfactant composed of recombinant surfactant protein (rSP)-C, palmitoylphosphatidylglycerol, and dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC). Both surfactant preparations dose-dependently inhibited IL-1β release from U937 cells. DPPC was the active constituent of surfactant, whereas rSP-C and palmitoylphosphatidylglycerol were inactive. DPPC was also effective in primary mononuclear leukocytes isolated from human blood. Experiments with nicotinic antagonists, siRNA technology, and patch-clamp experiments suggested that stimulation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) containing subunit α9 results in a complete inhibition of the ion channel function of ATP receptor, P2X7. In conclusion, the surfactant constituent, DPPC, efficiently inhibits ATP-induced inflammasome activation and maturation of IL-1β in human monocytes by a mechanism involving nAChRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sören Backhaus
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Department of General and Thoracic Surgery Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Anna Zakrzewicz
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Department of General and Thoracic Surgery Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Katrin Richter
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Department of General and Thoracic Surgery Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Jelena Damm
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Department of General and Thoracic Surgery Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Sigrid Wilker
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Department of General and Thoracic Surgery Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Gabriele Fuchs-Moll
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Department of General and Thoracic Surgery Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Mira Küllmar
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Department of General and Thoracic Surgery Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Andreas Hecker
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Department of General and Thoracic Surgery Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Ivan Manzini
- Department of Animal Physiology and Molecular Biomedicine, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Clemens Ruppert
- Medical Clinic II, Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - J Michael McIntosh
- Departments of Biology and Psychiatry, University of Utah and George E. Wahlen Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Winfried Padberg
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Department of General and Thoracic Surgery Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Veronika Grau
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Department of General and Thoracic Surgery Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
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Boston ME, Frech GC, Chacon-Cruz E, Buescher ES, Oelberg DG. Surfactant Releases Internal Calcium Stores in Neutrophils by G Protein–Activated Pathway. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2016; 229:99-107. [PMID: 14709782 DOI: 10.1177/153537020422900112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary surfactant with surfactant-associated proteins (PS+SAP) decreases pulmonary inflammation by suppressing neutrophil activation. We have observed that PS+SAP inserts channels into artificial membranes, depolarizes neutrophils, and depresses calcium influx and function in stimulated neutrophils. We hypothesize that PS+SAP suppresses neutrophil activation by depletion of internal Ca++ stores and that PS+SAP induces depletion through release of Ca++ stores and through inhibition of Ca++ influx. Our model predicts that PS+SAP releases Ca++ stores through insertion of channels, depolarization of neutrophils, and activation of a G protein–dependent pathway. If the model of channel insertion and membrane depolarization is accurate, then gramicidin—a channel protein with properties similar to those of PS+SAP—is expected to mimic these effects. Human neutrophils were monitored for [Ca++] responses after exposure to one of two different PS+SAP preparations, a PS-SAP preparation, gramicidin alone, and gramicidin reconstituted with phospholipid (PLG). [Ca++] responses were reexamined following preexposure to inhibitors of internal Ca++ release or the G protein pathway. We observed that (i) 1% PS+SAP—but not PS-SAP—causes transient increase of neutrophil [Ca++] within seconds of exposure; (ii) 1% PLG—but not gramicidin alone—closely mimics the effect of PS+SAP on Ca++ response; (iii) PS+SAP and PLG equally depolarize neutrophils; (iv) direct inhibition of internal Ca++ stores releases or of G protein activation suppresses Ca++ responses to PS+SAP and PLG; and (v) preexposure to either PS+SAP or PLG inhibits Ca++ influx following fMLP stimulation. We conclude that PS+SAP independently depolarizes neutrophils, releases Ca++ from internal stores by a G protein-mediated pathway, and alters subsequent neutrophil response to physiologic stimulants by depleting internal Ca++ stores and by inhibiting Ca++ influx during subsequent fMLP activation. The mimicking of these results by PLG supports the hypothesis that PS+SAP initiates depolarization via channel insertion into neutrophil plasma membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark E Boston
- Pediatric Otolaryngology Department, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, USA
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Sweeney S, Leo BF, Chen S, Abraham-Thomas N, Thorley AJ, Gow A, Schwander S, Zhang JJ, Shaffer MSP, Chung KF, Ryan MP, Porter AE, Tetley TD. Pulmonary surfactant mitigates silver nanoparticle toxicity in human alveolar type-I-like epithelial cells. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2016; 145:167-175. [PMID: 27182651 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Revised: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Accompanying increased commercial applications and production of silver nanomaterials is an increased probability of human exposure, with inhalation a key route. Nanomaterials that deposit in the pulmonary alveolar region following inhalation will interact firstly with pulmonary surfactant before they interact with the alveolar epithelium. It is therefore critical to understand the effects of human pulmonary surfactant when evaluating the inhalation toxicity of silver nanoparticles. In this study, we evaluated the toxicity of AgNPs on human alveolar type-I-like epithelial (TT1) cells in the absence and presence of Curosurf(®) (a natural pulmonary surfactant substitute), hypothesising that the pulmonary surfactant would act to modify toxicity. We demonstrated that 20nm citrate-capped AgNPs induce toxicity in human alveolar type I-like epithelial cells and, in agreement with our hypothesis, that pulmonary surfactant acts to mitigate this toxicity, possibly through reducing AgNP dissolution into cytotoxic Ag(+) ions. For example, IL-6 and IL-8 release by TT1 cells significantly increased 10.7- and 35-fold, respectively (P<0.01), 24h after treatment with 25μg/ml AgNPs. In contrast, following pre-incubation of AgNPs with Curosurf(®), this effect was almost completely abolished. We further determined that the mechanism of this toxicity is likely associated with Ag(+) ion release and lysosomal disruption, but not with increased reactive oxygen species generation. This study provides a critical understanding of the toxicity of AgNPs in target human alveolar type-I-like epithelial cells and the role of pulmonary surfactant in mitigating this toxicity. The observations reported have important implications for the manufacture and application of AgNPs, in particular for applications involving use of aerosolised AgNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinbad Sweeney
- Lung Cell Biology, Airways Disease, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Bey Fen Leo
- Department of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College London, London, UK; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shu Chen
- Department of Chemistry and London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Nisha Abraham-Thomas
- Lung Cell Biology, Airways Disease, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Andrew J Thorley
- Lung Cell Biology, Airways Disease, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Andrew Gow
- Department of Toxicology, Ernst Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Stephan Schwander
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Junfeng Jim Zhang
- Division of Environmental Sciences & Policy, Nicholas School of the Environment and Duke Global Health Institute,, Duke University, Durham, USA
| | - Milo S P Shaffer
- Department of Chemistry and London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Kian Fan Chung
- Respiratory Medicine and Experimental Studies Unit, Airways Disease, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Mary P Ryan
- Department of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Alexandra E Porter
- Department of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Teresa D Tetley
- Lung Cell Biology, Airways Disease, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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Mikolka P, Kopincova J, Tomcikova Mikusiakova L, Kosutova P, Antosova M, Calkovska A, Mokra D. Effects of surfactant/budesonide therapy on oxidative modifications in the lung in experimental meconium-induced lung injury. J Physiol Pharmacol 2016; 67:57-65. [PMID: 27010895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) is a serious condition, which can be treated with exogenous surfactant and mechanical ventilation. However, meconium-induced inflammation, lung edema and oxidative damage may inactivate delivered surfactant and thereby reduce effectiveness of the therapy. As we presumed that addition of anti-inflammatory agent into the surfactant may alleviate inflammation and enhance efficiency of the therapy, this study was performed to evaluate effects of surfactant therapy enriched with budesonide versus surfactant-only therapy on markers of oxidative stress in experimental model of MAS. Meconium suspension (25 mg/ml, 4 ml/kg) was instilled into the trachea of young rabbits, whereas one group of animals received saline instead of meconium (C group, n = 6). In meconium-instilled animals, respiratory failure developed within 30 min. Then, meconium-instilled animals were divided into 3 groups according to therapy (n = 6 each): with surfactant therapy (M + S group), with surfactant + budesonide therapy (M + S + B), and without therapy (M group). Surfactant therapy consisted of two bronchoalveolar lavages (BAL) with diluted surfactant (Curosurf, 5 mg phospholipids/ml, 10 ml/kg) followed by undiluted surfactant (100 mg phospholipids/kg), which was in M + S + B group enriched with budesonide (Pulmicort, 0.5 mg/ml). Animals were oxygen-ventilated for additional 5 hours. At the end of experiment, blood sample was taken for differential white blood cell (WBC) count. After euthanizing animals, left lung was saline-lavaged and cell differential in BAL was determined. Oxidative damage, i.e. oxidation of lipids (thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) and conjugated dienes) and proteins (dityrosine and lysine-lipoperoxidation products) was estimated in lung homogenate and isolated mitochondria. Total antioxidant capacity was evaluated in lung homogenate and plasma. Meconium instillation increased transmigration of neutrophils and production of free radicals compared to controls (P < 0.05). Surfactant therapy, but particularly combined surfactant + budesonide therapy reduced markers of oxidative stress versus untreated animals (P < 0.05). In conclusion, budesonide added into surfactant enhanced effect of therapy on oxidative damage of the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Mikolka
- Biomedical Center (BioMed) Martin, Division of Respirology, Jessenius School of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - J Kopincova
- Biomedical Center (BioMed) Martin, Division of Respirology, Jessenius School of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
- Department of Physiology, Jessenius School of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - L Tomcikova Mikusiakova
- Biomedical Center (BioMed) Martin, Division of Respirology, Jessenius School of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - P Kosutova
- Biomedical Center (BioMed) Martin, Division of Respirology, Jessenius School of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - M Antosova
- Biomedical Center (BioMed) Martin, Division of Respirology, Jessenius School of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - A Calkovska
- Biomedical Center (BioMed) Martin, Division of Respirology, Jessenius School of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
- Department of Physiology, Jessenius School of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - D Mokra
- Biomedical Center (BioMed) Martin, Division of Respirology, Jessenius School of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia.
- Department of Physiology, Jessenius School of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
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Bae CW, Chung SH, Choi YS. Development of a Synthetic Surfactant Using a Surfactant Protein-C Peptide Analog: In Vitro Studies of Surface Physical Properties. Yonsei Med J 2016; 57:203-8. [PMID: 26632402 PMCID: PMC4696954 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2016.57.1.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Pulmonary surfactant (PS) replacement has been the gold standard therapy for neonatal respiratory distress syndrome; however, almost all commercial PSs contain animal proteins. We prepared a synthetic PS by using a human surfactant protein (SP) analog and evaluated its in vitro properties. MATERIALS AND METHODS A peptide sequence (CPVHLKRLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL) of human SP-C was chosen to develop the peptide analog (SPa-C). The new synthetic SP-C PS (sSP-C PS) was synthesized from SPa-C, dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidyl glycerol, and palmitic acid. Physical properties of the sSP-C PS were evaluated by measuring the maximum and minimum surface tensions (STs), surfactant spreading, and adsorption rate. In addition, we recorded an ST-area diagram. The data obtained on sSP-C PS were subsequently compared with those of purified natural bovine surfactant (PNBS), and the commercial product, Surfacten®. RESULTS The sSP-C PS and Surfacten® were found to have maximum ST values of 32-33 mN/m, whereas that of PNBS was much lower at 19 mN/m. The minimum ST values of all three products were less than 10 mN/m. The values that were measured for the equilibrium ST of rapidly spreading sSP-C PS, Surfacten®, and PNBS were 27, 27, and 24 mN/m, respectively. The surface adsorptions were found to be the same for all three PSs (20 mN/m). ST-area diagrams of sSP-C PS and Surfacten® revealed similar properties. CONCLUSION In an in vitro experiment, the physical properties exhibited by sSP-C PS were similar to those of Surfacten®. Further study is required to evaluate the in vivo efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Woo Bae
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Sung Hoon Chung
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Sung Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Guzmán-Silva A, Vázquez de Lara LG, Torres-Jácome J, Vargaz-Guadarrama A, Flores-Flores M, Pezzat Said E, Lagunas-Martínez A, Mendoza-Milla C, Tanzi F, Moccia F, Berra-Romani R. Lung Beractant Increases Free Cytosolic Levels of Ca2+ in Human Lung Fibroblasts. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0134564. [PMID: 26230503 PMCID: PMC4521834 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0134564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 07/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Beractant, a natural surfactant, induces an antifibrogenic phenotype and apoptosis in normal human lung fibroblasts (NHLF). As intracellular Ca2+ signalling has been related to programmed cell death, we aimed to assess the effect of beractant on intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) in NHLF in vitro. Cultured NHLF were loaded with Fura-2 AM (3 μM) and Ca2+ signals were recorded by microfluorimetric techniques. Beractant causes a concentration-dependent increase in [Ca2+]i with a EC50 of 0.82 μg/ml. The application of beractant, at a concentration of 500 μg/ml, which has been shown to exert an apoptotic effect in human fibroblasts, elicited different patterns of Ca2+ signals in NHLF: a) a single Ca2+ spike which could be followed by b) Ca2+ oscillations, c) a sustained Ca2+ plateau or d) a sustained plateau overlapped by Ca2+ oscillations. The amplitude and pattern of Ca2+ transients evoked by beractant were dependent on the resting [Ca2+]i. Pharmacological manipulation revealed that beractant activates a Ca2+ signal through Ca2+ release from intracellular stores mediated by phospholipase Cβ (PLCβ), Ca2+ release from inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs) and Ca2+ influx via a store-operated pathway. Moreover, beractant-induced Ca2+ release was abolished by preventing membrane depolarization upon removal of extracellular Na+ and Ca2+. Finally, the inhibition of store-operated channels prevented beractant-induced NHLF apoptosis and downregulation of α1(I) procollagen expression. Therefore, beractant utilizes SOCE to exert its pro-apoptotic and antifibrinogenic effect on NHLF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Guzmán-Silva
- Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Puebla, México
| | - Luis G. Vázquez de Lara
- Experimental Medicine Laboratory, School of Medicine, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Puebla, México
| | - Julián Torres-Jácome
- Physiology Institute, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Puebla, México
| | - Ajelet Vargaz-Guadarrama
- Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Puebla, México
| | - Marycruz Flores-Flores
- Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Puebla, México
| | - Elias Pezzat Said
- Experimental Medicine Laboratory, School of Medicine, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Puebla, México
| | - Alfredo Lagunas-Martínez
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Centro de Investigación sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Criselda Mendoza-Milla
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, México City, México
| | - Franco Tanzi
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology ‘‘Lazzaro Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesco Moccia
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology ‘‘Lazzaro Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Roberto Berra-Romani
- Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Puebla, México
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Calkovska A, Uhliarova B, Joskova M, Franova S, Kolomaznik M, Calkovsky V, Smolarova S. Pulmonary surfactant in the airway physiology: a direct relaxing effect on the smooth muscle. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2015; 209:95-105. [PMID: 25583659 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2015.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Revised: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Beside alveoli, surface active material plays an important role in the airway physiology. In the upper airways it primarily serves in local defense. Lower airway surfactant stabilizes peripheral airways, provides the transport and defense, has barrier and anti-edematous functions, and possesses direct relaxant effect on the smooth muscle. We tested in vitro the effect of two surfactant preparations Curosurf® and Alveofact® on the precontracted smooth muscle of intra- and extra-pulmonary airways. Relaxation was more pronounced for lung tissue strip containing bronchial smooth muscle as the primary site of surfactant effect. The study does not confirm the participation of ATP-dependent potassium channels and cAMP-regulated epithelial chloride channels known as CFTR chloride channels, or nitric oxide involvement in contractile response of smooth muscle to surfactant.By controlling wall thickness and airway diameter, pulmonary surfactant is an important component of airway physiology. Thus, surfactant dysfunction may be included in pathophysiology of asthma, COPD, or other diseases with bronchial obstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Calkovska
- Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - B Uhliarova
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, FD Roosevelt Faculty Hospital, Banska Bystrica, Slovakia.
| | - M Joskova
- Department of Pharmacology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - S Franova
- Department of Pharmacology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - M Kolomaznik
- Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - V Calkovsky
- Clinic of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava and University Hospital Martin, Slovakia.
| | - S Smolarova
- Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovakia.
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Abstract
Respiratory development is crucial for all newborn infants. Premature infants may be born at an early stage of development and lack sufficient surfactant production. This results in respiratory distress syndrome. This article reviews the normal fetal development of the lung as well as the disorder that develops because of an early birth.
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Vento G, Tana M, Tirone C, Aurilia C, Lio A, Ricci C, Gambacorta A, Romagnoli C. Lung recruitment strategies and surfactant in neonatal intensive care unit. Acta Biomed 2014; 85:11-14. [PMID: 24957340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Several studies in the lamb model have shown that hyperinflation of the lungs early in life may cause a blunted response to surfactant with signs of lung injury and any attempt to recruit lung volume in the surfactant deficient preterm infant by large lung inflations at birth should be potentially dangerous. As regards the situation when surfactant is given later, as rescue treatment for established RDS, the evidence for a clinically beneficial effect of a recruitment maneuver is yet insufficient and, hopefully, future studies will gather more data on this aspect.
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Gargano G, Braibanti S. Lung recruitment strategy and surfactant in delivery room. Acta Biomed 2014; 85:7-10. [PMID: 24957339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Revised: 06/20/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The aim of neonatal resuscitation is to establish an effective ventilation, avoiding lung damage. PEEP and T-piece use, as well as Sustained Lung Inflation, lower O2 target and appropriately timed surfactant administration analyzed. A new "gentle" respiratory approach in delivery room can improve newborn respiratory outcome.
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Vazquez de Anda GF, Lachmann RA, Gommers D, Verbrugge SJ, Haitsma J, Lachmann B. Treatment of ventilation-induced lung injury with exogenous surfactant. Intensive Care Med 2014; 27:559-65. [PMID: 11355126 DOI: 10.1007/s001340000838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE It has been demonstrated that pulmonary surfactant plays a role in the pathophysiology of ventilation-induced lung injury (VILI). Therefore, we investigated whether exogenous surfactant might restore lung function and lung mechanics in an established model of VILI. DESIGN Prospective, randomized, animal study. SETTING Experimental laboratory of a university. SUBJECTS Twenty-four adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. INTERVENTIONS First, a group of six animals were killed immediately after induction of anesthesia and used as healthy controls. Then, in 18 rats, VILI was induced by increasing peak inspiratory pressure (PIP) to 45 cmH2O without positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) for 20 min. Thereafter, animals were randomly divided into three groups of six animals each: one group was killed immediately after VILI and served as VILI-control. In the other two groups, ventilator settings were changed to a PIP of 30 cmH2O and a PEEP of 10 cmH2O, and a respiratory rate of 40 bpm. One group received a bolus of surfactant and the other group received no treatment. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS Blood gas tension and arterial blood pressures were recorded every 30 min for 2 h. After the study period, a pressure-volume curve was recorded. Then, a broncho-alveolar lavage (BAL) was performed to determine protein content, minimal surface tension, and surfactant composition in the BAL fluid. Oxygenation, lung mechanics, surfactant function and composition were significantly improved in the surfactant-treated group compared to the ventilated and non-ventilated control groups. CONCLUSION We conclude that exogenous surfactant can be used to treat VILI.
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Affiliation(s)
- G F Vazquez de Anda
- Department of Anesthesiology, (Room Ee 2393), Erasmus University Rotterdam, P.O. Box 1738, 3000 Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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van Zyl JM, Smith J. Surfactant treatment before first breath for respiratory distress syndrome in preterm lambs: comparison of a peptide-containing synthetic lung surfactant with porcine-derived surfactant. Drug Des Devel Ther 2013; 7:905-16. [PMID: 24039400 PMCID: PMC3769412 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s47270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In a recent study utilizing a saline-lavaged adult rabbit model, we described a significant improvement in systemic oxygenation and pulmonary shunt after the instillation of a novel synthetic peptide-containing surfactant, Synsurf. Respiratory distress syndrome in the preterm lamb more closely resembles that of the human infant, as their blood gas, pH values, and lung mechanics deteriorate dramatically from birth despite ventilator support. Moreover, premature lambs have lungs which are mechanically unstable, with the advantage of being able to measure multiple variables over extended periods. Our objective in this study was to investigate if Synsurf leads to improved systemic oxygenation, lung mechanics, and histology in comparison to the commercially available porcine-derived lung surfactant Curosurf® when administered before first breath in a preterm lamb model. MATERIALS AND METHODS A Cesarean section was performed under general anesthesia on 18 time-dated pregnant Dohne Merino ewes at 129-130 days gestation. The premature lambs were delivered and ventilated with an expiratory tidal volume of 6-8 mL/kg for the first 30 minutes and thereafter at 8-10 mL/kg. In a randomized controlled trial, the two surfactants tested were Synsurf and Curosurf®, both at a dose of 100 mg/kg phospholipids (1,2-dipalmitoyl-L-α-phosphatidylcholine; 90% in Synsurf, 40% in Curosurf®). A control group of animals was treated with normal saline. Measurements of physiological variables, blood gases, and lung mechanics were made before and after surfactant and saline replacement and at 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240 and 300 minutes after treatment. The study continued for 5 hours. RESULTS Surfactant treatment led to a significant improvement in oxygenation within 30 minutes, with the Synsurf group and the Curosurf® group having significantly higher ratios between arterial partial pressure of oxygen/fraction of inspired oxygen (PaO2/FiO2; P = 0.021) compared to that of the control (saline-treated) animals. Dynamic compliance improved in the three groups over time, with no intergroup differences. All of the surfactant-treated animals survived, and one in the saline group died before the study ended. Histology between groups was not different, showing mild-moderate injury patterns. DISCUSSION Treatment with surfactants before first breath clearly resulted in improved systemic oxygenation within 30 minutes of instillation. Both Synsurf- and Curosurf®-treated animals experienced similar and more sustained improvement in oxygenation and decreased calculated shunt compared to saline-treated animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johann M van Zyl
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa.
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Vranic S, Garcia-Verdugo I, Darnis C, Sallenave JM, Boggetto N, Marano F, Boland S, Baeza-Squiban A. Internalization of SiO₂ nanoparticles by alveolar macrophages and lung epithelial cells and its modulation by the lung surfactant substitute Curosurf. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2013; 20:2761-70. [PMID: 23288678 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-012-1436-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2012] [Accepted: 12/13/2012] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Because of an increasing exposure to environmental and occupational nanoparticles (NPs), the potential risk of these materials for human health should be better assessed. Since one of the main routes of entry of NPs is via the lungs, it is of paramount importance to further characterize their impact on the respiratory system. Here, we have studied the uptake of fluorescently labeled SiO₂ NPs (50 and 100 nm) by epithelial cells (NCI-H292) and alveolar macrophages (MHS) in the presence or absence of pulmonary surfactant. The quantification of NP uptake was performed by measuring cell-associated fluorescence using flow cytometry and spectrometric techniques in order to identify the most suitable methodology. Internalization was shown to be time and dose dependent, and differences in terms of uptake were noted between epithelial cells and macrophages. In the light of our observations, we conclude that flow cytometry is a more reliable technique for the study of NP internalization, and importantly, that the hydrophobic fraction of lung surfactant is critical for downregulating NP uptake in both cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Vranic
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Responses to Xenobiotics, Unit of Functional and Adaptive Biology EAC CNRS 4413, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Univ Paris Diderot, 5 rue Thomas Mann, 75013 Paris, France.
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Potapov AL, Novikov NI, Tumanskiĭ VA, Babanin AA. [Surfactant replacement therapy increases life-span of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome]. Klin Khir 2013:57-59. [PMID: 23705485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study is the evaluation of the influence of surfactant replacement therapy on the life-span of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in fatal cases. It has been determined, that in patients, were died from ARDS, exogenous surfactant therapy increases life-span from the moment of establishing of diagnosis of syndrome to fatal outcome. The initial functional state of lungs does not influence on life-span of patients with ARDS, but administration of exogenous surfactant is the important predictor of its increase.
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Zhai SF, Liu CQ, Ping LL, Tian BL. [Effect of pulmonary surfactant on Th1/Th2 balance in neonates with respiratory distress syndrome]. Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi 2012; 14:893-897. [PMID: 23234772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of pulmonary surfactant (PS) on the Th1/Th2 balance and serum levels of interleukin-4 (IL-4), interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and IgE in neonates with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). METHODS A total of 58 neonates with RDS were divided into control (n=20) and PS treatment groups (n=38). The control group underwent mechanical ventilation and other conventional treatment, while the PS treatment group received with bovine PS treatment within 1 hour of being admitted to the hospital together with mechanical ventilation and other conventional treatment. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure serum levels of IL-4, IFN-γ and IgE before treatment and 24, 48 and 72 hours after treatment. Simultaneously, arterial blood gas, respiratory system compliance, and other ventilator parameters were recorded. RESULTS Compared with the control group, the PS treatment group showed significantly shorter duration of mechanical ventilation and oxygen exposure time (P<0.05), significantly better respiratory system compliance and significantly lower oxygenation index 24, 48 and 72 hours after treatment (P<0.05). At 48 and 72 hours after treatment, serum levels of IFN-γ were significantly lower in the PS treatment group than in the control group (120±46 ng/L vs 229±59 ng/L, P<0.05; 141±40 ng/L vs 282±44 ng/L, P<0.05), and serum levels of IL-4 were significantly higher in the PS treatment group than in the control group (263±48 pg/mL vs 152±45 pg/mL, P<0.05; 417±49 pg/mL vs 201±46 pg/mL, P<0.05). At 72 hours after treatment, serum level of IgE was significantly lower in the PS treatment group than in the control group (115±44 pg/mL vs 199±43 ng/mL; P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS PS treatment can shorten the duration of mechanical ventilation and oxygen exposure time, regulate serum levels of IFN-γ, IL-4 and IgE, and influence Th1/Th2 balance in neonates with RDS, thus inhibiting lung inflammatory response and reducing lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Fen Zhai
- Department of Neonatology, Handan Central Hospital, Handan, Hebei, China.
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Burkhardt W, Kraft S, Ochs M, Proquitté H, Mense L, Rüdiger M. Persurf, a new method to improve surfactant delivery: a study in surfactant depleted rats. PLoS One 2012; 7:e47923. [PMID: 23082229 PMCID: PMC3474734 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0047923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2011] [Accepted: 09/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Exogenous surfactant is not very effective in adults with ARDS, since surfactant does not reach atelectatic alveoli. Perfluorocarbons (PFC) can recruit atelectatic areas but do not replace impaired endogenous surfactant. A surfactant-PFC-mixture could combine benefits of both therapies. The aim of the proof-of-principal-study was to produce a PFC-in-surfactant emulsion (Persurf) and to test in surfactant depleted Wistar rats whether Persurf achieves I.) a more homogenous pulmonary distribution and II.) a more homogenous recruitment of alveoli when compared with surfactant or PFC alone. METHODS Three different PFC were mixed with surfactant and phospholipid concentration in the emulsion was measured. After surfactant depletion, animals either received 30 ml/kg of PF5080, 100 mg/kg of stained (green dye) Curosurf™ or 30 ml/kg of Persurf. Lungs were fixated after 1 hour of ventilation and alveolar aeration and surfactant distribution was estimated by a stereological approach. RESULTS Persurf contained 3 mg/ml phospholipids and was stable for more than 48 hours. Persurf-administration improved oxygenation. Histological evaluation revealed a more homogenous surfactant distribution and alveolar inflation when compared with surfactant treated animals. CONCLUSIONS In surfactant depleted rats administration of PFC-in-surfactant emulsion leads to a more homogenous distribution and aeration of the lung than surfactant alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfram Burkhardt
- Department for Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care Medicine, Klinik für Kinderheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, Medizinische Fakultät der Technischen Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Stephan Kraft
- Department for Pediatric Surgery, Klinikum Mutterhaus der Borromäerinnen, Trier, Germany
| | - Matthias Ochs
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Hans Proquitté
- Clinic for Neonatology, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lars Mense
- Department for Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care Medicine, Klinik für Kinderheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, Medizinische Fakultät der Technischen Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Mario Rüdiger
- Department for Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care Medicine, Klinik für Kinderheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, Medizinische Fakultät der Technischen Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Seehase M, Collins JJP, Kuypers E, Jellema RK, Ophelders DRMG, Ospina OL, Perez-Gil J, Bianco F, Garzia R, Razzetti R, Kramer BW. New surfactant with SP-B and C analogs gives survival benefit after inactivation in preterm lambs. PLoS One 2012; 7:e47631. [PMID: 23091635 PMCID: PMC3473048 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0047631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2012] [Accepted: 09/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Respiratory distress syndrome in preterm babies is caused by a pulmonary surfactant deficiency, but also by its inactivation due to various conditions, including plasma protein leakage. Surfactant replacement therapy is well established, but clinical observations and in vitro experiments suggested that its efficacy may be impaired by inactivation. A new synthetic surfactant (CHF 5633), containing synthetic surfactant protein B and C analogs, has shown comparable effects on oxygenation in ventilated preterm rabbits versus Poractant alfa, but superior resistance against inactivation in vitro. We hypothesized that CHF 5633 is also resistant to inactivation by serum albumin in vivo. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Nineteen preterm lambs of 127 days gestational age (term = 150 days) received CHF 5633 or Poractant alfa and were ventilated for 48 hours. Ninety minutes after birth, the animals received albumin with CHF 5633 or Poractant alfa. Animals received additional surfactant if P(a)O(2) dropped below 100 mmHg. A pressure volume curve was done post mortem and markers of pulmonary inflammation, surfactant content and biophysiology, and lung histology were assessed. CHF 5633 treatment resulted in improved arterial pH, oxygenation and ventilation efficiency index. The survival rate was significantly higher after CHF 5633 treatment (5/7) than after Poractant alfa (1/8) after 48 hours of ventilation. Biophysical examination of the surfactant recovered from bronchoalveolar lavages revealed that films formed by CHF 5633-treated animals reached low surface tensions in a wider range of compression rates than films from Poractant alfa-treated animals. CONCLUSIONS For the first time a synthetic surfactant containing both surfactant protein B and C analogs showed significant benefit over animal derived surfactant in an in vivo model of surfactant inactivation in premature lambs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Seehase
- Department of Pediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jennifer J. P. Collins
- Department of Pediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Elke Kuypers
- Department of Pediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Reint K. Jellema
- Department of Pediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Olga L. Ospina
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Physics, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota, Colombia
| | - J. Perez-Gil
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Federico Bianco
- Research and Development Department, Chiesi Farmaceutici SpA, Parma, Italy
| | - Raffaella Garzia
- Research and Development Department, Chiesi Farmaceutici SpA, Parma, Italy
| | - Roberta Razzetti
- Research and Development Department, Chiesi Farmaceutici SpA, Parma, Italy
| | - Boris W. Kramer
- Department of Pediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Zhao J, Wang Z, Mashayekhi H, Mayer P, Chefetz B, Xing B. Pulmonary surfactant suppressed phenanthrene adsorption on carbon nanotubes through solubilization and competition as examined by passive dosing technique. Environ Sci Technol 2012; 46:5369-5377. [PMID: 22519404 DOI: 10.1021/es2044773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Adsorption of phenanthrene on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) was examined in the presence of pulmonary surfactant (Curosurf) and its main components, dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) and bovine serum albumin (BSA). A passive-dosing method based on equilibrium partitioning from a preloaded polymer was successfully employed to measure phenanthrene binding and speciation at controlled freely dissolved concentrations while avoiding phase separation steps. Curosurf, DPPC, and BSA could all linearly solubilize phenanthrene, and phenanthrene solubilization by Curosurf was 4 times higher than individual components (DPPC or BSA). In the presence of Curosurf, DPPC or BSA, adsorption of phenanthrene by multiwalled CNTs (MWCNTs) was suppressed, showing competitive adsorption between pulmonary surfactant (or DPPC, BSA) and phenanthrene. Competitive adsorption between Curosurf and phenanthrene was the strongest. Therefore, when phenanthrene-adsorbed CNTs enter the respiratory tract, phenanthrene can be desorbed due to both solubilization and competition. The bioaccessibility of phenanthrene adsorbed on three MWCNTs in the respiratory tract would be positively related to the size of their outer diameters. Moreover, the contribution of solubilization and competition to desorption of phenanthrene from MWCNTs was successfully separated for the first time. These findings demonstrate the two mechanisms on how pulmonary surfactants can enhance desorption and thus possibly biological absorption of phenanthrene adsorbed on CNTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
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Zheng J, Zheng Y, Chen J, Fang F, He J, Li N, Tang Y, Zhu J, Chen X. Enhanced pulmonary absorption of recombinant human insulin by pulmonary surfactant and phospholipid hexadecanol tyloxapol through Calu-3 monolayers. Pharmazie 2012; 67:448-451. [PMID: 22764580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Natural pulmonary surfactant (PS) and its artificial substitute phospholipid hexadecanol tyloxapol (PHT) are effective absorption enhancers on promoting recombinant human insulin (Rh-ins) absorption in vivo, but the in vitro efficacy and underlying mechanism remains unclear. In the current study, the permeation promoting effects of PS and PHT of insulin through Calu-3 monolayers in Transwell were evaluated. The viability of Calu-3 cells on conducting the permeation study was confirmed by TER and Electron Microscopy. Both PS and PHT significantly enhanced the permeation of Rh-ins and FD4 through calu-3 cells, with PS having a greater absorption enhancing effect than that of PHT. PS and PHT may interact directly with the tight junctions between cells and then result in intercellular permeation of peptide drugs. LDH release assay showed no significant acute toxicity of PS and PHT. The results indicated that these absorption enhancing agents may be useful as an absorption enhancer for pulmonary delivery of peptide and protein drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianheng Zheng
- Key Laboratory of General Administration of Sport, Shanghai Research Institute of Sports Science, Shanghai, China
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Erokhin VV, Lepekha LN, Erokhina MV, Bocharova IV, Kurynina AV, Onishchenko GE. [Selective effects of pulmonary surfactant on various subpopulations of alveolar macrophages in the model of experimental tuberculosis]. Vestn Ross Akad Med Nauk 2012:22-28. [PMID: 23457977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary surfactant is necessary component for maintenance of high level of phagocytic activity of alveolar macrophages. Tuberculosis inflammation reduces the production of surfactant by type II cells and phagocytic activity of alveolar macrophages. The effects of exogenous pulmonary surfactant on the ultrastructural changes of various subpopulations of alveolar macrophages were studied by TEM-method. For investigations the bronchial alveolar lavage fluid from guinea pigs infected of M. tuberculosis and treated by isoniatid or isoniazid + exogenous pulmonary surfactant were used. It was shown that isoniazid + exogenous pulmonary surfactant normalizes the heterogeneous population of alveolar macrophages providing stimulating effects on their maturation and phagocytic activity more effectively than isoniazid therapy.
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Mittal N, Sanyal SN. Effect of exogenous surfactant on phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-Akt pathway and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ during endotoxin induced acute respiratory distress syndrome. Mol Cell Biochem 2011; 361:135-41. [PMID: 21968763 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-011-1097-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2011] [Accepted: 09/21/2011] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) leads to an unacceptably high mortality. In this regard, the anti-inflammatory properties of surfactant may provide a therapeutic option. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3-K) and the downstream serine/threonine kinase Akt/protein kinase B have a central role in modulating neutrophil function, including respiratory burst, chemotaxis, and apoptosis. This study explores the mechanisms of surfactant dependent protection by regulating PPAR-γ in a rat model of ARDS. Sprague-Dawley male rats were divided into four groups: buffer controls; rats challenged with LPS (055:B5 E. coli); challenged with LPS and treated with porcine surfactant; and challenged with LPS and treated with synthetic surfactant. Expression of PI3-K, Akt, GSK3-β, and PPAR-γ were studied by western immunoblot, immunofluorescence and by immunohistochemistry. In vivo endotoxin administration to rat resulted in activation of PI3-K and Akt in the lungs. The severity of endotoxemia-induced ALI was significantly diminished in rat with surfactant administration. Similar results were also seen in PPAR-γ expression. These results show that PI3-K occupies a central position in regulating endotoxin-induced ALI involving inflammatory responses. Surfactant treatment conferred protection in rat model dependent on PPAR-γ and inhibition of PI3-K/Akt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Mittal
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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