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Krok AC, Maltese M, Mistry P, Miao X, Li Y, Tritsch NX. Intrinsic dopamine and acetylcholine dynamics in the striatum of mice. Nature 2023; 621:543-549. [PMID: 37558873 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-05995-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
External rewards such as food and money are potent modifiers of behaviour1,2. Pioneering studies established that these salient sensory stimuli briefly interrupt the tonic discharge of neurons that produce the neuromodulators dopamine (DA) and acetylcholine (ACh): midbrain DA neurons (DANs) fire a burst of action potentials that broadly elevates DA in the striatum3,4 at the same time that striatal cholinergic interneurons (CINs) produce a characteristic pause in firing5,6. These phasic responses are thought to create unique, temporally limited conditions that motivate action and promote learning7-11. However, the dynamics of DA and ACh outside explicitly rewarded situations remain poorly understood. Here we show that extracellular DA and ACh levels fluctuate spontaneously and periodically at a frequency of approximately 2 Hz in the dorsal striatum of mice and maintain the same temporal relationship relative to one another as that evoked by reward. We show that this neuromodulatory coordination does not arise from direct interactions between DA and ACh within the striatum. Instead, we provide evidence that periodic fluctuations in striatal DA are inherited from midbrain DANs, while striatal ACh transients are driven by glutamatergic inputs, which act to locally synchronize the spiking of CINs. Together, our findings show that striatal neuromodulatory dynamics are autonomously organized by distributed extra-striatal afferents. The dominance of intrinsic rhythms in DA and ACh offers new insights for explaining how reward-associated neural dynamics emerge and how the brain motivates action and promotes learning from within.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne C Krok
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Fresco Institute for Parkinson's and Movement Disorders, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marta Maltese
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Fresco Institute for Parkinson's and Movement Disorders, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Pratik Mistry
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Fresco Institute for Parkinson's and Movement Disorders, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xiaolei Miao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yulong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Nicolas X Tritsch
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Fresco Institute for Parkinson's and Movement Disorders, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.
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2
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Longo F, Aryal S, Anastasiades PG, Maltese M, Baimel C, Albanese F, Tabor J, Zhu JD, Oliveira MM, Gastaldo D, Bagni C, Santini E, Tritsch NX, Carter AG, Klann E. Cell-type-specific disruption of cortico-striatal circuitry drives repetitive patterns of behavior in fragile X syndrome model mice. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112901. [PMID: 37505982 PMCID: PMC10552611 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Individuals with fragile X syndrome (FXS) are frequently diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), including increased risk for restricted and repetitive behaviors (RRBs). Consistent with observations in humans, FXS model mice display distinct RRBs and hyperactivity that are consistent with dysfunctional cortico-striatal circuits, an area relatively unexplored in FXS. Using a multidisciplinary approach, we dissect the contribution of two populations of striatal medium spiny neurons (SPNs) in the expression of RRBs in FXS model mice. Here, we report that dysregulated protein synthesis at cortico-striatal synapses is a molecular culprit of the synaptic and ASD-associated motor phenotypes displayed by FXS model mice. Cell-type-specific translational profiling of the FXS mouse striatum reveals differentially translated mRNAs, providing critical information concerning potential therapeutic targets. Our findings uncover a cell-type-specific impact of the loss of fragile X messenger ribonucleoprotein (FMRP) on translation and the sequence of neuronal events in the striatum that drive RRBs in FXS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Longo
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA; Institute for Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden; Sackler Institute of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Sameer Aryal
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA; NYU Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | | | - Marta Maltese
- Fresco Institute for Parkinson's and Movement Disorders, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Corey Baimel
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Federica Albanese
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Joanna Tabor
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Jeffrey D Zhu
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | | | - Denise Gastaldo
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata," 1005 Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Bagni
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata," 1005 Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuela Santini
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nicolas X Tritsch
- NYU Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Fresco Institute for Parkinson's and Movement Disorders, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Adam G Carter
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Eric Klann
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA; NYU Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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Maltese M, March JR, Bashaw AG, Tritsch NX. Dopamine differentially modulates the size of projection neuron ensembles in the intact and dopamine-depleted striatum. eLife 2021; 10:e68041. [PMID: 33983121 PMCID: PMC8163504 DOI: 10.7554/elife.68041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dopamine (DA) is a critical modulator of brain circuits that control voluntary movements, but our understanding of its influence on the activity of target neurons in vivo remains limited. Here, we use two-photon Ca2+ imaging to monitor the activity of direct and indirect-pathway spiny projection neurons (SPNs) simultaneously in the striatum of behaving mice during acute and prolonged manipulations of DA signaling. We find that increasing and decreasing DA biases striatal activity toward the direct and indirect pathways, respectively, by changing the overall number of SPNs recruited during behavior in a manner not predicted by existing models of DA function. This modulation is drastically altered in a model of Parkinson's disease. Our results reveal a previously unappreciated population-level influence of DA on striatal output and provide novel insights into the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Maltese
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of MedicineNew YorkUnited States
- Fresco Institute for Parkinson’s and Movement Disorders, New York University Langone HealthNew YorkUnited States
| | - Jeffrey R March
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of MedicineNew YorkUnited States
- Fresco Institute for Parkinson’s and Movement Disorders, New York University Langone HealthNew YorkUnited States
| | - Alexander G Bashaw
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of MedicineNew YorkUnited States
- Fresco Institute for Parkinson’s and Movement Disorders, New York University Langone HealthNew YorkUnited States
| | - Nicolas X Tritsch
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of MedicineNew YorkUnited States
- Fresco Institute for Parkinson’s and Movement Disorders, New York University Langone HealthNew YorkUnited States
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Maltese M, Stanic J, Tassone A, Sciamanna G, Ponterio G, Vanni V, Martella G, Imbriani P, Bonsi P, Mercuri NB, Gardoni F, Pisani A. Early structural and functional plasticity alterations in a susceptibility period of DYT1 dystonia mouse striatum. eLife 2018; 7:33331. [PMID: 29504938 PMCID: PMC5849413 DOI: 10.7554/elife.33331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The onset of abnormal movements in DYT1 dystonia is between childhood and adolescence, although it is unclear why clinical manifestations appear during this developmental period. Plasticity at corticostriatal synapses is critically involved in motor memory. In the Tor1a+/Δgag DYT1 dystonia mouse model, long-term potentiation (LTP) appeared prematurely in a critical developmental window in striatal spiny neurons (SPNs), while long-term depression (LTD) was never recorded. Analysis of dendritic spines showed an increase of both spine width and mature mushroom spines in Tor1a+/Δgag neurons, paralleled by an enhanced AMPA receptor (AMPAR) accumulation. BDNF regulates AMPAR expression during development. Accordingly, both proBDNF and BDNF levels were significantly higher in Tor1a+/Δgag mice. Consistently, antagonism of BDNF rescued synaptic plasticity deficits and AMPA currents. Our findings demonstrate that early loss of functional and structural synaptic homeostasis represents a unique endophenotypic trait during striatal maturation, promoting the appearance of clinical manifestations in mutation carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Maltese
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Jennifer Stanic
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Annalisa Tassone
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sciamanna
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Ponterio
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Vanni
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Martella
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Imbriani
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Nicola Biagio Mercuri
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Pisani
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
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5
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Maltese M, Martella G, Imbriani P, Schuermans J, Billion K, Sciamanna G, Farook F, Ponterio G, Tassone A, Santoro M, Bonsi P, Pisani A, Goodchild RE. Abnormal striatal plasticity in a DYT11/SGCE myoclonus dystonia mouse model is reversed by adenosine A2A receptor inhibition. Neurobiol Dis 2017; 108:128-139. [PMID: 28823931 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2017.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Striatal dysfunction is implicated in many movement disorders. However, the precise nature of defects often remains uncharacterized, which hinders therapy development. Here we examined striatal function in a mouse model of the incurable movement disorder, myoclonus dystonia, caused by SGCE mutations. Using RNAseq we found surprisingly normal gene expression, including normal levels of neuronal subclass markers to strongly suggest that striatal microcircuitry is spared by the disease insult. We then functionally characterized Sgce mutant medium spiny projection neurons (MSNs) and cholinergic interneurons (ChIs). This revealed normal intrinsic electrophysiological properties and normal responses to basic excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission. Nevertheless, high-frequency stimulation in Sgce mutants failed to induce normal long-term depression (LTD) at corticostriatal glutamatergic synapses. We also found that pharmacological manipulation of MSNs by inhibiting adenosine 2A receptors (A2AR) restores LTD, again pointing to structurally intact striatal circuitry. The fact that Sgce loss specifically inhibits LTD implicates this neurophysiological defect in myoclonus dystonia, and emphasizes that neurophysiological changes can occur in the absence of broad striatal dysfunction. Further, the positive effect of A2AR antagonists indicates that this drug class be tested in DYT11/SGCE dystonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Maltese
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.
| | - G Martella
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy; Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
| | - P Imbriani
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.
| | - Jeroen Schuermans
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Karolien Billion
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - G Sciamanna
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy; Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
| | - Febin Farook
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - G Ponterio
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy; Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
| | - A Tassone
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy; Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
| | - M Santoro
- Fondazione Don Gnocchi, Milan, Italy.
| | - P Bonsi
- Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
| | - A Pisani
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy; Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
| | - Rose E Goodchild
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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Gullo G, Walsh N, Zacchia A, Hammond L, Fennelly D, Walshe J, O’Mahony K, Maltese M, Crown J. Clinical factors associated with overall survival (OS) for patients with HER2-positive (HER2+) metastatic breast cancer (MBC) treated with HER2-targeting systemic therapy (HER2Tx). Eur J Cancer 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(17)30224-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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7
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Gullo G, Bose R, Walsh N, Maltese M, Fennelly D, Walshe J, Ballot J, Crown J. Delayed initiation of HER2-targeted therapy (HER2Tx) is associated with a higher risk of relapse for early stage (ES) HER2-positive (HER2+) breast cancer (BrCa). Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw364.64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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8
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Malone E, Maltese M, Coady L, Hammond L, Silva N, Gullo G, Crown J. Use and clinical impact of conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy (CTx) subsequent to immunotherapy in metastatic melanoma. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw379.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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9
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Martella G, Madeo G, Maltese M, Vanni V, Puglisi F, Ferraro E, Schirinzi T, Valente E, Bonanni L, Shen J, Mandolesi G, Mercuri N, Bonsi P, Pisani A. Exposure to low-dose rotenone precipitates synaptic plasticity alterations in PINK1 heterozygous knockout mice. Neurobiol Dis 2016; 91:21-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2015.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Revised: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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Schirinzi T, Madeo G, Martella G, Maltese M, Picconi B, Calabresi P, Pisani A. Early synaptic dysfunction in Parkinson's disease: Insights from animal models. Mov Disord 2016; 31:802-13. [PMID: 27193205 DOI: 10.1002/mds.26620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Revised: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The appearance of motor manifestations in Parkinson's disease (PD) is invariably linked to degeneration of nigral dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta. Traditional views on PD neuropathology have been grounded in the assumption that the prime event of neurodegeneration involves neuronal cell bodies with the accumulation of metabolic products. However, this view has recently been challenged by both clinical and experimental evidence. Neuropathological studies in human brain samples and both in vivo and in vitro models support the hypothesis that nigrostriatal synapses may indeed be affected at the earliest stages of the neurodegenerative process. The mechanisms leading to either structural or functional synaptic dysfunction are starting to be elucidated and include dysregulation of axonal transport, impairment of the exocytosis and endocytosis machinery, altered intracellular trafficking, and loss of corticostriatal synaptic plasticity. The aim of this review is to try to integrate different lines of evidence from both pathogenic and genetic animal models that, to different extents, suggest that early synaptic impairment may represent the key event in PD pathogenesis. Understanding the molecular and cellular events underlying such synaptopathy is a fundamental step toward developing specific biomarkers of early dopaminergic dysfunction and, more importantly, designing novel therapies targeting the synaptic apparatus of selective, vulnerable synapses. © 2016 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Schirinzi
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Graziella Madeo
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Martella
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.,Fondazione Santa Lucia, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Maltese
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Calabresi
- Fondazione Santa Lucia, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Antonio Pisani
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.,Fondazione Santa Lucia, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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11
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Gullo G, Quinn C, Zacchia A, Fennelly D, Defrein A, Ballot J, Zanoni D, Walshe J, Maltese M, McDermott E, Crown J. Abstract P4-14-15: Pre-treatment stromal tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (S-TILs) are correlated with complete response (CR) to chemotherapy (Chemo) plus trastuzumab (T) in HER2-positive (H+) metastatic breast cancer (MBC). Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs15-p4-14-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background. We have previously reported that ChemoT produces durable (>5 years) CR in a minority of pts with H+MBC, prompting a search for predictive markers. Extensive lymphocytic infiltration of cancers is correlated with high levels of immune gene signatures. International consensus guidelines on TILs define "lymphocyte-predominant BC" at a threshold of S-TILs of 50-60% versus tumour cells. High levels of S-TILs has been correlated with improved outcome in HER2+ early stage BC pts treated with ChemoT. We investigated the degree of S-TIL infiltration in metastatic biopsies from pts with HER2+MBC prior to ChemoT, and attempted to determine whether S-TILs predicted CR in HER2+MBC.
Methods. We searched a database of all pts with HER2+ MBC treated at our institution with anti-HER2 therapy over 15yrs to identify pts who achieved CR according to RECIST 1.0 criteria, which lasted for at least 6 months. We matched them with an equal number of pts from the database who were treated during the same period, but who had progressive (POD) or stable disease (SD) as best response to T. Pts must have at least one pre-treatment tumour sample available for S-TILs assessment, and adequate clinical and follow-up information. S-TILs (mononuclear cells including lymphocytes and plasma cells) contained within the boundaries of invasive tumour were identified on a representative haematoxylin and eosin stained slide and scored as a percentage of the stromal area alone, according to the International TILs Working Group 2014 methodology [Salgado R, 2015]. S-TILs were assessed specifically for this study by a senior pathologist who scored the samples and who was blinded to pts response and clinical details.
Results. Out of 246 MBC pts registered in the HER2+ database we identified 31 CR pts with at least one available pre-treatment metastatic sample. A cohort of 31 matching POD-SD pts was randomly obtained from the same database. In 8 cases (7 CR / 1 POD-SD) S-TILs could not be assessed due to inadequate material, or for other technical reasons. The final study sample is 54 pts (24 CR / 30 POD-SD). Pts characteristics are as follows: median age (range): CR 55 (29-78) / POD-SD 56 (26-89), hormone receptor (HR) pos: CR 12 (50%) / POD-SD 18 (60%), De Novo MBC at diagnosis: CR 13 (54%) / POD-SD 8 (27%) [p<0.05]. All pts received chemotherapy with T (+ lapatinib in 3 pts as part of a clinical trial), and continued on T until POD. Pre-treatment S-TILs >50% were statistically significantly more frequent in CR (50% of pts) than POD/SD (20%) [chi-square p=0.02]. No statistically significant difference in the HR status was observed between the two groups (CR vs POD-SD) or between the high and low S-TILs pts.
Conclusions. S-TILs >50% in the pre-treatment tumour biopsy of HER2+MBC were significantly correlated with subsequent CR to ChemoT, supporting the hypothesis that the immunological effects of T may play a role in determining response. Speculatively, S-TILs might identify pts with a higher likelihood of benefit from T. Further study of the potential role of S-TILs as predictors of T benefit are required.
Citation Format: Gullo G, Quinn C, Zacchia A, Fennelly D, Defrein A, Ballot J, Zanoni D, Walshe J, Maltese M, McDermott E, Crown J. Pre-treatment stromal tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (S-TILs) are correlated with complete response (CR) to chemotherapy (Chemo) plus trastuzumab (T) in HER2-positive (H+) metastatic breast cancer (MBC). [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-14-15.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Gullo
- St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - C Quinn
- St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - A Zacchia
- St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - D Fennelly
- St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - A Defrein
- St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - J Ballot
- St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - D Zanoni
- St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - J Walshe
- St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - M Maltese
- St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - E McDermott
- St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - J Crown
- St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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12
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Maltese M, Martella G, Madeo G, Fagiolo I, Tassone A, Ponterio G, Sciamanna G, Burbaud P, Conn PJ, Bonsi P, Pisani A. Anticholinergic drugs rescue synaptic plasticity in DYT1 dystonia: role of M1 muscarinic receptors. Mov Disord 2014; 29:1655-65. [PMID: 25195914 PMCID: PMC4216601 DOI: 10.1002/mds.26009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Revised: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Broad-spectrum muscarinic receptor antagonists have represented the first available treatment for different movement disorders such as dystonia. However, the specificity of these drugs and their mechanism of action is not entirely clear. We performed a systematic analysis of the effects of anticholinergic drugs on short- and long-term plasticity recorded from striatal medium spiny neurons from DYT1 dystonia knock-in (Tor1a(+/Δgag) ) mice heterozygous for ΔE-torsinA and their controls (Tor1a(+/+) mice). Antagonists were chosen that had previously been proposed to be selective for muscarinic receptor subtypes and included pirenzepine, trihexyphenydil, biperiden, orphenadrine, and a novel selective M1 antagonist, VU0255035. Tor1a(+/Δgag) mice exhibited a significant impairment of corticostriatal synaptic plasticity. Anticholinergics had no significant effects on intrinsic membrane properties and on short-term plasticity of striatal neurons. However, they exhibited a differential ability to restore the corticostriatal plasticity deficits. A complete rescue of both long-term depression (LTD) and synaptic depotentiation (SD) was obtained by applying the M1 -preferring antagonists pirenzepine and trihexyphenidyl as well as VU0255035. Conversely, the nonselective antagonist orphenadrine produced only a partial rescue of synaptic plasticity, whereas biperiden and ethopropazine failed to restore plasticity. The selectivity for M1 receptors was further demonstrated by their ability to counteract the M1 -dependent potentiation of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) current recorded from striatal neurons. Our study demonstrates that selective M1 muscarinic receptor antagonism offsets synaptic plasticity deficits in the striatum of mice with the DYT1 dystonia mutation, providing a potential mechanistic rationale for the development of improved antimuscarinic therapies for this movement disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Maltese
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Italy; IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
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Sciamanna G, Ponterio G, Tassone A, Maltese M, Madeo G, Martella G, Poli S, Schirinzi T, Bonsi P, Pisani A. Negative allosteric modulation of mGlu5 receptor rescues striatal D2 dopamine receptor dysfunction in rodent models of DYT1 dystonia. Neuropharmacology 2014; 85:440-50. [PMID: 24951854 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2014.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Revised: 05/30/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Early onset torsion dystonia (DYT1) is an autosomal dominantly inherited disorder caused by deletion in TOR1A gene. Evidence suggests that TOR1A mutation produces dystonia through an aberrant neuronal signalling within the striatum, where D2 dopamine receptors (D2R) produce an abnormal excitatory response in cholinergic interneurons (ChIs) in different models of DYT1 dystonia. The excitability of ChIs may be modulated by group I metabotropic glutamate receptor subtypes (mGlu1 and 5). We performed electrophysiological and calcium imaging recordings from ChIs of both knock-in mice heterozygous for Δ-torsinA (Tor1a(+/Δgag) mice) and transgenic mice overexpressing human torsinA (hMT1). We demonstrate that the novel negative allosteric modulator (NAM) of metabotropic glutamate 5 (mGlu) receptor, dipraglurant (ADX48621) counteracts the abnormal membrane responses and calcium rise induced either by the D2R agonist quinpirole or by caged dopamine (NPEC-Dopamine) in both models. These inhibitory effects were mimicked by two other well-characterized mGlu5 receptor antagonists, SIB1757 and MPEP, but not by mGlu1 antagonism. D2R and mGlu5 post-receptor signalling may converge on PI3K/Akt pathway. Interestingly, we found that the abnormal D2R response was prevented by the selective PI3K inhibitor, LY294002, whereas PLC and PKC inhibitors were both ineffective. Currently, no satisfactory pharmacological treatment is available for DYT1 dystonia patients. Our data show that negative modulation of mGlu5 receptors may counteract abnormal D2R responses, normalizing cholinergic cell excitability, by modulating the PI3K/Akt post-receptor pathway, thereby representing a novel potential treatment of DYT1 dystonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Sciamanna
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Italy; Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Synaptic Plasticity, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - G Ponterio
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Italy; Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Synaptic Plasticity, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - A Tassone
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Synaptic Plasticity, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - M Maltese
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Italy
| | - G Madeo
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Italy
| | - G Martella
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Italy; Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Synaptic Plasticity, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - S Poli
- ADDEX Therapeutics, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - T Schirinzi
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Italy
| | - P Bonsi
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Synaptic Plasticity, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - A Pisani
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Italy; Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Synaptic Plasticity, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy.
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Martella G, Maltese M, Nisticò R, Schirinzi T, Madeo G, Sciamanna G, Ponterio G, Tassone A, Mandolesi G, Vanni V, Pignatelli M, Bonsi P, Pisani A. Regional specificity of synaptic plasticity deficits in a knock-in mouse model of DYT1 dystonia. Neurobiol Dis 2014; 65:124-32. [PMID: 24503369 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2014.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
DYT1 dystonia is a movement disorder caused by a deletion in the C-terminal of the protein torsinA. It is unclear how torsinA mutation might disrupt cellular processes encoding motor activity, and whether this impairment occurs in specific brain regions. Here, we report a selective impairment of corticostriatal synaptic plasticity in knock-in mice heterozygous for Δ-torsinA (Tor1a(+/Δgag) mice) as compared to controls (Tor1a(+/+) mice). In striatal spiny neurons from Tor1a(+/Δgag) mice, high-frequency stimulation failed to induce long-term depression (LTD), whereas long-term potentiation (LTP) exhibited increased amplitude. Of interest, blockade of D2 dopamine receptors (D2Rs) increased LTP in Tor1a(+/+) mice to a level comparable to that measured in Tor1a(+/Δgag) mice and normalized the levels of potentiation across mouse groups. A low-frequency stimulation (LFS) protocol was unable to depotentiate corticostriatal synapses in Tor1a(+/Δgag) mice. Muscarinic M1 acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) blockade rescued plasticity deficits. Additionally, we found an abnormal responsiveness of cholinergic interneurons to D2R activation, consisting in an excitatory response rather than the expected inhibition, further confirming an imbalance between dopaminergic and cholinergic signaling in the striatum. Conversely, synaptic activity and plasticity in the CA1 hippocampal region were unaltered in Tor1a(+/Δgag) mice. Importantly, the M1 mAChR-dependent enhancement of hippocampal LTP was unaffected in both genotypes. Similarly, both basic properties of dopaminergic nigral neurons and their responses to D2R activation were normal. These results provide evidence for a regional specificity of the electrophysiological abnormalities observed and demonstrate the reproducibility of such alterations in distinct models of DYT1 dystonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Martella
- Department of System Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Italy; Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Synaptic Plasticity, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - M Maltese
- Department of System Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Italy
| | - R Nisticò
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Synaptic Plasticity, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "V. Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - T Schirinzi
- Department of System Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Italy
| | - G Madeo
- Department of System Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Italy
| | - G Sciamanna
- Department of System Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Italy; Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Synaptic Plasticity, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - G Ponterio
- Department of System Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Italy; Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Synaptic Plasticity, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - A Tassone
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Synaptic Plasticity, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - G Mandolesi
- Department of System Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Italy; Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Synaptic Plasticity, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - V Vanni
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Synaptic Plasticity, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - M Pignatelli
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "V. Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - P Bonsi
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Synaptic Plasticity, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - A Pisani
- Department of System Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Italy; Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Synaptic Plasticity, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy.
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Lopez-Valdes FJ, Riley PO, Lessley DJ, Arbogast KB, Seacrist T, Balasubramanian S, Maltese M, Kent R. The six degrees of freedom motion of the human head, spine, and pelvis in a frontal impact. Traffic Inj Prev 2014; 15:294-301. [PMID: 24372502 DOI: 10.1080/15389588.2013.817668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The goal of this study is to characterize the in situ 6-degree-of-freedom kinematics of the head, 3 vertebrae (T1, T8, and L2), and the pelvis in a 40 km/h frontal impact. METHODS Three postmortem human surrogates (PMHS) were exposed to a deceleration of 15 g over 125 ms and the motion of selected anatomical structures (head, T1, T8, L2, and pelvis) was tracked at 1000 Hz using an optoelectric stereophotogrammetric system. Displacements of the analyzed structures are reported in the sagittal and the transverse planes. Rotations of the structures are described using the finite helical axis of the motion. RESULTS Anterior displacements were 530.5 ± 39.4 mm (head), 434.7 ± 20.0 mm (T1), 353.3 ± 29.6 mm (T8), 219.9 ± 19.3 mm (L2), and 78.9 ± 22.1 mm (pelvis). The ratio between peak anterior and lateral displacement was up to 19 percent (T1) and 26 percent (head). Magnitudes of the rotation of the head (69.9 ± 1.5°), lumbar (66.5 ± 9.1°), and pelvis (63.8 ± 11.8°) were greater than that of the thoracic vertebrae (T1: 49.1 ± 7.8°; T8: 47.7 ± 6.3°). Thoracic vertebrae exhibited a complex rotation behavior caused by the asymmetric loading of the shoulder belt. Rotation of the lumbar vertebra and pelvis occurred primarily within the sagittal plane (flexion). CONCLUSION Despite the predominance of the sagittal motion of the occupant in a pure (12 o'clock) frontal impact, the asymmetry of belt loading induced other relevant displacements and rotations of the head and thoracic spine. Attempts to model occupant kinematics in a frontal impact should consider these results to biofidelically describe the interaction of the torso with the belt.
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Affiliation(s)
- F J Lopez-Valdes
- a Center for Applied Biomechanics , University of Virginia , Charlottesville , Virginia
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Roversi PF, Strong WB, Caleca V, Maltese M, Sabbatini Peverieri G, Marianelli L, Marziali L, Strangi A. Introduction into Italy of Gryon pennsylvanicum (Ashmead), an egg parasitoid of the alien invasive bug Leptoglossus occidentalis Heidemann. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2338.2011.02439.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abstract
Based on our own experiences and a review of the recent literature, this article evaluates recent developments in predicting outcomes and failures of shockwave lithotripsy when treating patients with urinary tract stones. After a detailed MEDLINE research, the authors identified several variables that influence and predict extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) success. These variables may be categorized as stone variables, patient variables and operator variables. Only multivariate analysis on a large number of homogenous patients may offer an objective evaluation of the factors conditioning ESWL outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Vella
- Extracorporeal Lithotripsy Division, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
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Kadlowec J, Maltese M, DeSimone A, Rowson S, Saffioti J. Comparison of the mechanical performance of the Q3 and hybrid III 3C three-yr-old dummy necks. J Biomech 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9290(06)83513-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Monacelli F, Mattogno G, Gattegno D, Maltese M. Preparation and properties of the complex hydrazopentaamminecobalt(III) perchlorate. Inorg Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ic50085a056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Abstract
A room-temperature deprotection method of trityl amines, -ethers, and -thioethers is presented, based on coupling of metal acid catalysis (HgX(2), with X(-) = Cl(-) or OAc(-)) and sodium borohydride reduction. The results of its application to monotritylated compounds (ethanethiol, ethanol, and piperidine) and to mono- and ditritylated 1,2-bifunctional compounds (mercaptoethanol, aminoethanethiol, and ethanolamine) are compared with those obtained with early methods based on the use of strong Brønsted acids (pure TFA and MeCN solutions of HCl). Trityl thioethers of simple thiols and amino and hydroxy thiols are promptly cleaved by reductive detritylation, and one-pot procedures can be employed to produce free thiols. In contrast, dilution with water of these same compounds in solutions of strong Brønsted acids leaves them unaffected. O-Tr and N-Tr bonds are broken by this latter treatment. However, trityl ethers are rapidly cleaved by even dilute HCl solutions, while cleaving of trityl amines is modulated by HCl concentration. Addition of NaBH(4) to solutions of monofunctional trityl ethers in HgCl(2)/MeCN leads to complete deprotection. Monofunctional trityl amines are partially deprotected only if the complexation reaction is allowed to reach equilibrium. Combination of H(+)- with HgX(+)-catalyzed detritylation methods allows selective deprotection of pertritylated amino and hydroxy thiols. The results appear to be due to the strong difference in the affinity of the donor atoms present in the pertritylated substrates for H(+) and HgX(+). Catalysis based on Brønsted acids leads to cleaving of the N- and O-trityl bonds with recovering of the S-trityl group; that based on mercury salts allows recovering of N- and O-trityl groups with deprotection of the -SH function. Selectivity in deprotection of pertritylated amino alcohols seems to be severely hampered by similarity in the affinity of N- and O-atoms for H(+) and HgX(+), and, taking advantage of the lower HgX(+)-complexation rate of the N-trityl with respect to the O-trityl group, only preservation of the N-trityl bond has been achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Maltese
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università La Sapienza, p.le A. Moro 5, Box 34 Rome 62, Italy.
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Maltese M. Relative Reactivity in Piperidino-Dechlorination of 2,4-Diamino-6-chloropyrimidine and 2,4-Diamino-6-chloropyrimidine N(3)-Oxide and Their Acetylamino Analogs. J Org Chem 1995. [DOI: 10.1021/jo00113a025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Maltese M, Zennaro G, Martini B, Croce R, Nunziante Cesaro S, Spoliti M. Infrared matrix and polarised spectrum of bis(diethyldithio-carbamato)-nickel(II). J Mol Struct 1980. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-2860(80)80159-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Cesaro S, Martini B, Bencivenni L, Spoliti M, Maltese M. A matrix isolation i.r. study on molecular complexes of hexamethylbenzene and tetracyanoethylene. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1980. [DOI: 10.1016/0584-8539(80)80109-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Spoliti M, Bencivenni L, Maltese M, Cesaro S. Infrared matrix spectra of tetrahedral ternary oxides of alkali and thallium metals. J Mol Struct 1980. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-2860(80)80070-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Maltese M, Cesaro S, Sbaraglia M, Spoliti M. Infrared polarized spectra of hexamethylbenzene above and below the λ point at 116 K. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1979. [DOI: 10.1016/0584-8539(79)80057-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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