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Houben J, Janssens M, Winkler C, Besser REJ, Dzygalo K, Fehn A, Hommel A, Lange K, Elding Larsson H, Lundgren M, Roloff F, Snape M, Szypowska A, Weiss A, Zapardiel-Gonzalo J, Zubizarreta N, Ziegler AG, Casteels K, Arnolds S, Bißbort M, Blasius K, Friedl N, Gezginci C, Göppel G, Heigermoser M, Höfelschweiger B, Jolink M, Kisfügedi K, Klein N, Lickert R, Matzke C, Alvarez KM, Niewöhner R, Scholz M, Schütte‐Borkovec K, Voß F, Weiß A, Gonzalo JMZ, Schmidt S, Sifft P, Kapfelsberger H, Vurucu M, Sarcletti K, Sporreiter M, Jacobson S, Zeller I, Warncke K, Bonifacio E, Lernmark Å, Todd JA, Achenbach P, Bonficio E, Larsson HE, Ziegler AG, Achenbach P, Schütte‐Borkovec K, Ziegler AG, Casteels K, Jannsen C, Rochtus A, Jacobs A, Morobé H, Paulus J, Vrancken B, Van den Driessche N, Van Heyste R, Houben J, Smets L, Vanhuyse V, Bonifacio E, Berner R, Arabi S, Blechschmidt R, Dietz S, Gemulla G, Gholizadeh Z, Heinke S, Hoffmann R, Hommel A, Lange F, Loff A, Morgenstern R, Ehrlich F, Loff A, Weigelt M, Zubizarreta N, Kordonouri O, Danne T, Galuschka L, Holtkamp U, Janzen N, Kruse C, Landsberg S, Lange K, Marquardt E, Reschke F, Roloff F, Semler K, von dem Berge T, Weiskorn J, Ziegler AG, Achenbach P, Bunk M, Färber‐Meisterjahn S, Grätz W, Greif I, Herbst M, Hofelich A, Kaiser M, Kaltenecker H, Karapinar E, Kölln A, Marcus B, Munzinger A, Ohli J, Ramminger C, Reinmüller F, Vollmuth V, Welzhofer T, Winkler C, Szypowska A, Ołtarzewski M, Dybkowska S, Dżygało K, Groele L, Kajak K, Owczarek D, Piechowiak K, Popko K, Skrobot A, Szpakowski R, Taczanowska A, Zduńczyk B, Zych A, Larsson HE, Lundgren M, Lernmark Å, Agardh D, Mortin SA, Aronsson CA, Bennet R, Brundin C, Dahlberg S, Fransson L, Jonsdottir B, Jönsson I, Maroufkhani S, Mestan Z, Nilsson C, Ramelius A, Amboh ET, Törn C, Ulvendag U, Way S, Snape M, Todd JA, Haddock G, Bendor‐Samuel O, Bland J, Choi E, Craik R, Davis K, Hawkins S, de la Horra A, Farooq Y, Scudder C, Smith I, Roseman F, Robinson H, Taj N, Vatish M, Willis L, Whelan C, Wishlade T. The emotional well-being of parents with children at genetic risk for type 1 diabetes before and during participation in the POInT-study. Pediatr Diabetes 2022; 23:1707-1716. [PMID: 36323590 DOI: 10.1111/pedi.13448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study examined the emotional impact that parents experience when confronted with an increased genetic risk of type 1 diabetes (T1D) in their child. Population-based screening of neonates for genetic risk of chronic disease carries the risk of increased emotional burden for parents. METHODS Information was collected using a well-being questionnaire for parents of infants identified as having an increased risk for T1D in a multinational research study. Parents were asked to complete this questionnaire after they were told their child had an increased risk for T1D (Freder1k-study) and at several time points during an intervention study (POInT-study), where oral insulin was administered daily. RESULTS Data were collected from 2595 parents of 1371 children across five countries. Panic-related anxiety symptoms were reported by only 4.9% after hearing about their child having an increased risk. Symptoms of depression were limited to 19.4% of the parents at the result-communication visit and declined over time during the intervention study. When thinking about their child's risk for developing T1D (disease-specific anxiety), 47.2% worried, felt nervous and tense. Mothers and parents with a first-degree relative (FDR) with T1D reported more symptoms of depression and disease-specific anxiety (p < 0.001) than fathers and parents without a FDR. CONCLUSION Overall, symptoms of depression and panic-related anxiety are comparable with the German population. When asked about their child's risk for T1D during the intervention study, some parents reported disease-specific anxiety, which should be kept in mind when considering population-based screening. As certain subgroups are more prone, it will be important to continue psychological screening and, when necessary, to provide support by an experienced, multidisciplinary team.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janne Houben
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Martha Janssens
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christiane Winkler
- Institute of Diabetes Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Rachel Elizabeth Jane Besser
- Department of pediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Katarzyna Dzygalo
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Annika Fehn
- Institute of Diabetes Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Angela Hommel
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Karin Lange
- Medical Psychology Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Helena Elding Larsson
- Unit for Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Pediatrics, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Markus Lundgren
- Unit for Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Department of pediatrics, Kristianstad Hospital, Kristianstad, Sweden
| | - Frank Roloff
- Diabetes Center for Children and Adolescents, Children's Hospital AUF DER BULT, Hannover, Germany
| | - Matthew Snape
- Department of pediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Andreas Weiss
- Institute of Diabetes Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Jose Zapardiel-Gonzalo
- Institute of Diabetes Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Nicole Zubizarreta
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Anette-Gabriele Ziegler
- Institute of Diabetes Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany.,Forschergruppe Diabetes, Technische University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Kristina Casteels
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Schneider M, Reininghaus U, van Nierop M, Janssens M, Myin-Germeys I. Does the Social Functioning Scale reflect real-life social functioning? An experience sampling study in patients with a non-affective psychotic disorder and healthy control individuals. Psychol Med 2017; 47:2777-2786. [PMID: 28534464 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291717001295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ecological validity of retrospective measures of social functioning is currently unknown in patients with schizophrenia. In the present study, patients with a diagnosis of non-affective psychosis were compared with controls on two measures of social functioning: the Social Functioning Scale (SFS) and daily-life measures collected with the Experience Sampling Methodology (ESM). The associations between both measures were examined in each group of participants to test for the ecological validity of the SFS. METHODS A total of 126 participants with a non-affective psychotic disorder and 109 controls completed the SFS and a 6-day momentary ESM protocol assessing various aspects of social functioning. Multiple linear and multilevel regression analyses were performed to test for group differences in social functioning level and examine associations between the two assessment techniques. RESULTS Lower social functioning was observed in patients compared with controls on retrospective and momentary measures. The SFS interpersonal domain (social engagement/withdrawal and interpersonal behaviour dimensions) was associated with the percentage of time spent alone and negative appraisal of social interactions. The SFS activity domain (pro-social and recreational activities dimensions) was negatively associated with time spent in leisure activities. CONCLUSIONS The SFS showed some degree of ecological validity at assessing broad aspects of social functioning. Low scores on the SFS social engagement/withdrawal and interpersonal behaviour dimensions captured social isolation and social avoidance in daily life, but not lack of interest in socializing. Ecological validity of the SFS activity domain was low. ESM offers a rich alternative to classical assessment techniques of social functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Schneider
- KU Leuven,Department of Neurosciences,Research Group Psychiatry,Center for Contextual Psychiatry,Leuven,Belgium
| | - U Reininghaus
- Maastricht University Medical Center,Department of Psychiatry & Psychology,School for Mental Health & Neuroscience,Maastricht,The Netherlands
| | - M van Nierop
- KU Leuven,Department of Neurosciences,Research Group Psychiatry,Center for Contextual Psychiatry,Leuven,Belgium
| | - M Janssens
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences,Open University of the Netherlands,Heerlen,The Netherlands
| | - I Myin-Germeys
- KU Leuven,Department of Neurosciences,Research Group Psychiatry,Center for Contextual Psychiatry,Leuven,Belgium
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Wyndels K, Haeghebaert S, Leduc G, Caron A, Chaud P, Merlin B, Elmouden M, Battist F, Janssens M. COL 8-01 - Surveillance sanitaire des populations migrantes à Calais et Grande-Synthe. Med Mal Infect 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0399-077x(16)30291-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Janssens M, van Smeden J, Puppels GJ, Lavrijsen APM, Caspers PJ, Bouwstra JA. Lipid to protein ratio plays an important role in the skin barrier function in patients with atopic eczema. Br J Dermatol 2016; 170:1248-55. [PMID: 24641443 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.12908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The barrier function of the skin is primarily provided by the stratum corneum (SC), the outermost layer of the skin. Skin barrier impairment is thought to be a primary factor in the pathogenesis of atopic eczema (AE). Filaggrin is an epidermal barrier protein and common mutations in the filaggrin gene strongly predispose for AE. However, the role of filaggrin mutations in the decreased skin barrier in AE is not fully understood. It was recently shown that changes in SC lipid composition and organization play a role in the reduced skin barrier in AE. OBJECTIVES To determine whether the lipid/protein ratio and the total dry SC mass per surface area are related to the skin barrier function of controls and patients with AE. METHODS A case-control study was performed to compare nonlesional and lesional skin of AE with skin of controls. The dry SC mass was determined by tape-stripping and Squamescan(™) . The ratio between lipid and protein bands in the Raman spectrum was used to determine the lipid/protein ratio. Skin barrier function was assessed by transepidermal water loss. RESULTS The results show that the dry SC mass per skin area is altered only in lesional SC of patients with AE compared with control subjects. The observed reduction in the lipid/protein ratio in SC of patients with AE was more pronounced, both in lesional and nonlesional SC and correlated strongly with the skin barrier function and disease severity. CONCLUSIONS The lipid/protein ratio plays a role in the reduced skin barrier function in AE.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Janssens
- Department of Drug Delivery Technology, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
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Jones G, Haeghebaert S, Merlin B, Antona D, Simon N, Elmouden M, Battist F, Janssens M, Wyndels K, Chaud P. Measles outbreak in a refugee settlement in Calais, France: January to February 2016. Euro Surveill 2016; 21:30167. [DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es.2016.21.11.30167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a measles outbreak in a refugee settlement in Calais, France, between 5 January and 11 February 2016. In total, 13 confirmed measles cases were identified among migrants, healthcare workers in hospital and volunteers working on site. A large scale vaccination campaign was carried out in the settlement within two weeks of outbreak notification. In total, 60% of the estimated target population of 3,500 refugees was vaccinated during the week-long campaign.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Jones
- French Institute for Public Health Surveillance (InVS), Nord-Pas-de-Calais-Picardie regional office, Lille, France
| | - S Haeghebaert
- French Institute for Public Health Surveillance (InVS), Nord-Pas-de-Calais-Picardie regional office, Lille, France
| | - B Merlin
- Regional health agency Nord-Pas-de-Calais Picardie (ARS), Lille, France
| | - D Antona
- French Institute for Public Health Surveillance (InVS), Saint Maurice, France
| | - N Simon
- Etablissement de préparation et de réponse aux urgences sanitaires (EPRUS), Paris, France
| | - M Elmouden
- Medical centres for vulnerable populations, Calais Hospital and refugee camp, Calais, France
| | - F Battist
- Emergency ward and health care unit for vulnerable patients, Calais hospital, Calais, France
| | - M Janssens
- Médecins sans frontières (MSF), Paris, France
| | - K Wyndels
- French Institute for Public Health Surveillance (InVS), Nord-Pas-de-Calais-Picardie regional office, Lille, France
| | - P Chaud
- French Institute for Public Health Surveillance (InVS), Nord-Pas-de-Calais-Picardie regional office, Lille, France
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Dussart A, De Buyst J, Djeunang C, Janssens M, Müller MF, Strebelle E, Mathe K, Infantino S, Malfilâtre G. [Not Available]. Rev Med Brux 2016; 37:13-17. [PMID: 27120931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This is the clinical history of a term baby born at home who presents a severe hyperbilirubinémia. The medical monitoring was assessed by a private midwife according to parental choice. On the third day of life, the newborn presented an icterus and was exposed to natural daylight in the familial greenhouse under the midwife recommandations. On that day, no laboratory test precised the bilirubin level. On the fifth day, a blood sampling revealed a very high blood bilirubinémia (31 mg/dl or 527 mmol/L), the baby is refered to our NICU and underwent an exchange transfusion. The radiological assessment report structural abnomalies in basal ganglia seen on both MRI and transfontannellar echography. These lesions are known to be responsible of cerebral palsy and hearing loos. The neurophysiologic investigations showed background abnormaly and depression. The extensive blood sampling excluded haemolysis. The clinical examination brought out neurologic impairement and weight loos in this exclusively breastfed baby. This clinical case point out the increasing risk of home Kernicterius as hospital stays diminish and homebirth enthousiasm rise up. The present clinical situation vouches for an adaptation of care giving to both mother and child at home in order to avoid this severe illness.
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Mallinckrodt C, Roger J, Chuang-Stein C, Molenberghs G, O’Kelly M, Ratitch B, Janssens M, Bunouf P. Recent Developments in the Prevention and Treatment of Missing Data. Ther Innov Regul Sci 2014; 48:68-80. [DOI: 10.1177/2168479013501310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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De Keukeleire S, De Bel A, Jansen Y, Janssens M, Wauters G, Piérard D. Yersinia ruckeri, an unusual microorganism isolated from a human wound infection. New Microbes New Infect 2014; 2:134-5. [PMID: 25356360 PMCID: PMC4184584 DOI: 10.1002/nmi2.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Revised: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the first documented case of Yersinia ruckeri isolated from a wound infection, in a 16-year-old male after hitting a stone while paddling in a river.
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Affiliation(s)
- S De Keukeleire
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Control, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) Brussels, Belgium
| | - A De Bel
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Control, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) Brussels, Belgium
| | - Y Jansen
- Department of Surgery, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) Brussels, Belgium
| | - M Janssens
- National Reference Centre for Yersinia, Secteur des sciences de la santé - Pôle de Microbiologie Médicale, Université Catholique de Louvain Brussels, Belgium
| | - G Wauters
- National Reference Centre for Yersinia, Secteur des sciences de la santé - Pôle de Microbiologie Médicale, Université Catholique de Louvain Brussels, Belgium
| | - D Piérard
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Control, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) Brussels, Belgium
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Martinka J, Mistrik M, Skrakova A, Batorova A, Besson N, De Reys S, Janssens M. Mononuclear cell collection for extracorporeal photopheresis. Comparison between Spectra Optia, COBE-Spectra and Amicus. Transfus Apher Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s1473-0502(14)50051-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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van Smeden J, Janssens M, Gooris GS, Bouwstra JA. The important role of stratum corneum lipids for the cutaneous barrier function. Biochim Biophys Acta 2014. [PMID: 24252189 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2013.11.00] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
The skin protects the body from unwanted influences from the environment as well as excessive water loss. The barrier function of the skin is located in the stratum corneum (SC). The SC consists of corneocytes embedded in a lipid matrix. This lipid matrix is crucial for the lipid skin barrier function. This paper provides an overview of the reported SC lipid composition and organization mainly focusing on healthy and diseased human skin. In addition, an overview is provided on the data describing the relation between lipid modulations and the impaired skin barrier function. Finally, the use of in vitro lipid models for a better understanding of the relation between the lipid composition, lipid organization and skin lipid barrier is discussed. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled The Important Role of Lipids in the Epidermis and their Role in the Formation and Maintenance of the Cutaneous Barrier. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled The Important Role of Lipids in the Epidermis and their Role in the Formation and Maintenance of the Cutaneous Barrier. Guest Editors: Kenneth R. Feingold and Peter Elias.
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Affiliation(s)
- J van Smeden
- Department of Drug Delivery Technology, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - M Janssens
- Department of Drug Delivery Technology, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - G S Gooris
- Department of Drug Delivery Technology, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - J A Bouwstra
- Department of Drug Delivery Technology, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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Ruyssen T, Janssens M, Van Gasse B, Van Laere D, Van der Eecken N, De Meerleer M, Vermeiren L, Van Hoorde K, Martins J, Uyttendaele M, De Vuyst L. Characterisation of Gouda cheeses based on sensory, analytical and high-field 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy determinations: Effect of adjunct cultures and brine composition on sodium-reduced Gouda cheese. Int Dairy J 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2013.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Janssens M, Van der Mijnsbrugge A, Sánchez Mainar M, Balzarini T, De Vuyst L, Leroy F. The use of nucleosides and arginine as alternative energy sources by coagulase-negative staphylococci in view of meat fermentation. Food Microbiol 2013; 39:53-60. [PMID: 24387852 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2013.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2013] [Revised: 11/05/2013] [Accepted: 11/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The ability of coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) to use alternative energy sources in meat may partially explain their occurrence in fermented meats. Of 61 CNS strains tested, all metabolized adenosine and inosine in a meat simulation medium (MSM). The ability to catabolize arginine via the arginine deiminase (ADI) pathway varied between strains. All tested strains of Staphylococcus carnosus and Staphylococcus epidermidis possessed an arcA gene and showed ADI activity, whereas other species, such as Staphylococcus equorum and Staphylococcus succinus, did not. Arginine catabolic mobile elements (ACME), as in the positive control S. epidermidis ATCC 12228, were uncommon and only found in Staphylococcus xylosus 3PA6 (sausage isolate) and Staphylococcus chromogenes G222 (teat apex isolate). Monoculture experiments were performed in MSM with S. carnosus 833 and SS3-4, S. xylosus G211, and S. epidermidis ATCC 12228 and 2S7-4. At all pH values tested (5.3, 5.8, and 6.5), the strains of S. carnosus catabolized arginine faster than the strains of S. xylosus and S. epidermidis. Only at pH 6.5 could a low ADI activity be found for S. xylosus G211. Increased ADI activity occurred in the case of the ACME-positive S. epidermidis ATCC 12228, when compared to the ACME-negative S. epidermidis 2S7-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Janssens
- Research Group of Industrial Microbiology and Food Biotechnology (IMDO), Faculty of Sciences and Bio-engineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - A Van der Mijnsbrugge
- Research Group of Industrial Microbiology and Food Biotechnology (IMDO), Faculty of Sciences and Bio-engineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - M Sánchez Mainar
- Research Group of Industrial Microbiology and Food Biotechnology (IMDO), Faculty of Sciences and Bio-engineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - T Balzarini
- Research Group of Industrial Microbiology and Food Biotechnology (IMDO), Faculty of Sciences and Bio-engineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - L De Vuyst
- Research Group of Industrial Microbiology and Food Biotechnology (IMDO), Faculty of Sciences and Bio-engineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - F Leroy
- Research Group of Industrial Microbiology and Food Biotechnology (IMDO), Faculty of Sciences and Bio-engineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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van Smeden J, Janssens M, Gooris GS, Bouwstra JA. The important role of stratum corneum lipids for the cutaneous barrier function. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2013; 1841:295-313. [PMID: 24252189 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2013.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 334] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2013] [Revised: 11/08/2013] [Accepted: 11/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The skin protects the body from unwanted influences from the environment as well as excessive water loss. The barrier function of the skin is located in the stratum corneum (SC). The SC consists of corneocytes embedded in a lipid matrix. This lipid matrix is crucial for the lipid skin barrier function. This paper provides an overview of the reported SC lipid composition and organization mainly focusing on healthy and diseased human skin. In addition, an overview is provided on the data describing the relation between lipid modulations and the impaired skin barrier function. Finally, the use of in vitro lipid models for a better understanding of the relation between the lipid composition, lipid organization and skin lipid barrier is discussed. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled The Important Role of Lipids in the Epidermis and their Role in the Formation and Maintenance of the Cutaneous Barrier. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled The Important Role of Lipids in the Epidermis and their Role in the Formation and Maintenance of the Cutaneous Barrier. Guest Editors: Kenneth R. Feingold and Peter Elias.
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Affiliation(s)
- J van Smeden
- Department of Drug Delivery Technology, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - M Janssens
- Department of Drug Delivery Technology, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - G S Gooris
- Department of Drug Delivery Technology, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - J A Bouwstra
- Department of Drug Delivery Technology, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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Janssens M, Myter N, De Vuyst L, Leroy F. Community dynamics of coagulase-negative staphylococci during spontaneous artisan-type meat fermentations differ between smoking and moulding treatments. Int J Food Microbiol 2013; 166:168-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2013.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2013] [Revised: 05/31/2013] [Accepted: 06/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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15
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Janssens M, Mulder AA, van Smeden J, Pilgram GSK, Wolterbeek R, Lavrijsen APM, Koning RI, Koster AJ, Bouwstra JA. Electron diffraction study of lipids in non-lesional stratum corneum of atopic eczema patients. Biochim Biophys Acta 2013; 1828:1814-21. [PMID: 23583924 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2013.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2012] [Revised: 04/02/2013] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Skin barrier impairment is thought to be an important factor in the pathogenesis of atopic eczema (AE). The skin barrier is located in the stratum corneum (SC), consisting of corneocytes embedded in lipids. Ceramides, cholesterol and free fatty acids are the major lipid classes and are crucial for the skin barrier function, but their role in relation to AE is indistinct. Filaggrin is an epidermal barrier protein and common mutations in the filaggrin gene strongly predispose for AE. However, there is no strong evidence that filaggrin mutations are related to the reduced skin barrier in AE. In this study, electron diffraction is used in order to study the lipid organization of control SC and non-lesional SC of AE patients in vivo. An increased presence of the hexagonal lipid organization was observed in non-lesional SC of AE patients, indicating a less dense lipid organization. These changes correlate with a reduced skin barrier function as measured with transepidermal water loss but do not correlate with the presence of filaggrin mutations. These results are indicative for the importance of the lipid organization for a proper skin barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Janssens
- Department of Drug Delivery Technology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
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16
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Janssens M, Lataster T, Simons CJP, Oorschot M, Lardinois M, van Os J, Myin-Germeys I. Emotion recognition in psychosis: no evidence for an association with real world social functioning. Schizophr Res 2012; 142:116-21. [PMID: 23122740 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2012.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2012] [Revised: 08/20/2012] [Accepted: 10/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with psychotic disorders show impairments in the recognition of emotions in other people. These impairments have been associated with poor social functioning as measured by self-report questionnaires, clinical interviews and laboratory-based tests of social skills. The ecological validity of these tests, however, is low. Associations were examined between emotion recognition and daily life social interactions in 50 patients diagnosed with a non-affective psychotic disorder and 67 healthy controls. METHODS All participants were assessed with the Degraded Facial Affect Recognition Task (DFAR), a computer test measuring the recognition of emotional facial expressions. Social functioning in daily life was assessed using the Experience Sampling Method (a random time sampling technique) with focus on measures of social context and appraisal of the social situation. RESULTS Groups differed significantly in the recognition of angry faces, whereas no differences existed for other emotions. There were no associations between emotion recognition and social functioning in daily life and there was no evidence for differential associations in patients as compared to controls. DISCUSSION Social functioning, when assessed in an ecologically valid fashion, is not sensitive to variation in the traditional experimental assessment of emotion recognition. Real life measures of functioning should guide research linking the handicaps associated with psychosis to underlying cognitive and emotional dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Janssens
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Moris P, Janssens M, Dubin G, Schuind A, Van Mechelen M. O638 Cervarix® induces higher HPV-16/18-specific T cell responses compared to Gardasil
® in healthy women aged 18-45 years. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-7292(09)61011-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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18
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Janssens M, Myter N, De Vuyst L, Leroy F. Species diversity and metabolic impact of the microbiota are low in spontaneously acidified Belgian sausages with an added starter culture of Staphylococcus carnosus. Food Microbiol 2011; 29:167-77. [PMID: 22202870 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2011.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2011] [Revised: 07/06/2011] [Accepted: 07/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Quality of fermented sausages is affected by acidifying lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and colour- and flavour-promoting coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS), whether or not used as starter culture. Artisan fermented sausages are often perceived as superior to industrial variants, partially because of the specific microbiota due to spontaneous acidification, which may be considered as an artisan characteristic. Therefore, two kinds of spontaneously acidified Belgian sausages were prepared (Belgian-type salami and Boulogne sausage), but with addition of a Staphylococcus carnosus culture. The Belgian-type salami was made from pork and beef, whereas the Boulogne sausage contained pork and horse meat. In all cases, Lactobacillus sakei was the dominant LAB species present on the raw materials and during fermentation, whereas enterococci remained present in the background. Enterobacteriaceae vanished after fermentation. The CNS species diversity on the raw materials was large and differed between the pork, beef, and horse meat. Nevertheless, this species diversity was annihilated during fermentation by the added S. carnosus culture. The volatiles fraction was mainly composed of aldehydes that originated from lipid oxidation and spices-derived compounds. Aromatic compounds that are typically associated to CNS activity, such as end-products from the metabolism of branched-chain amino acids, were not present in the Belgian-type salami and only marginally present in the Boulogne sausage. In conclusion, spontaneous acidification of Belgian-type fermented sausages leads to dominance of L. sakei and is no guarantee for bacterial contribution to the aroma profile when S. carnosus is added as a starter culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Janssens
- Research Group of Industrial Microbiology and Food Biotechnology (IMDO), Faculty of Sciences and Bio-engineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
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Kampfer P, Vaneechoutte M, Lodders N, De Baere T, Avesani V, Janssens M, Busse HJ, Wauters G. Description of Chryseobacterium anthropi sp. nov. to accommodate clinical isolates biochemically similar to Kaistella koreensis and Chryseobacterium haifense, proposal to reclassify Kaistella koreensis as Chryseobacterium koreense comb. nov. and emended description of the genus Chryseobacterium. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2009; 59:2421-8. [DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.008250-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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De Roock W, Janssens M, Biesmans B, Jacobs B, De Schutter J, Fieuws S, Van Cutsem E, Tejpar S. DUSPs as markers of MEK/Erk activation in primary colorectal cancer. J Clin Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.4064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
4064 Background: DUSPs dephosphorylate P-MAPK and are activated as a negative feedback loop upon RTK signaling. Higher expression of DUSP 4 & 6 is also found in cells with constitutive Erk activation like KRAS mutant (MUT) cells (Bild et al. Nature 2005). We correlated DUSP1, 4, 6 (isoforms a & b) & 8 mRNA expression level in FFPE primary colorectal cancer (CRC) of 186 chemorefractory patients treated with cetuximab (CTX) with KRAS MUT state and progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Methods: KRAS codon 12,13, 61&146, BRAF V600E and NRAS codon 12&13 MUT were analyzed with the Sequenom MALDI TOF MassArray system. The DUSPs and 3 housekeeping genes were quantified by qRT-PCR. TwoStep cluster analysis was performed. PFS and OS were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: KRAS MUT was associated with increased DUSP4 (MWU;p=.0006) & 6a (p=.0067). DUSP6a dephosphorylates P-Erk, DUSP4 also dephosphorylates P-JNK & P-p38. DUSP1 & 8 primarily dephosphorylate P-JNK & P-p38 and were not associated with KRAS MUT. KRAS MUT clustered into 3 groups according to DUSP4 expression: 32 high, 38 median & 13 low (t- test;p<.0001). The low MUT expression was comparable to wild-type (WT) expression. KRAS WT clustered into 2 groups: 69 low & 24 high DUSP4 (ANOVA;p<.0001). 7/24 of high expressors were found to have a BRAF or NRAS MUT. The 32 MUT high expressors had a longer median PFS (log-rank;p=.015) and OS (p=.065) after CTX. The 17 KRAS/BRAF/NRAS WT high expressors had a shorter median OS (p=.026), but not PFS (p=.745). Conclusions: There is a significantly higher DUSP4 & 6a mRNA expression in the KRAS MUT compared to WT primary CRC. However, this is not a black and white observation. In the KRAS MUT there are 3 distinct clusters of DUSP4 expression. The high expressors (= supposed attenuated Erk signaling) have a longer PFS and OS after CTX. Adaptation to constitutive KRAS signaling with differential levels of MEK/Erk activation needs to be further investigated and will be of help in selecting patients for therapy with MEK inhibitors. It suggests not all KRAS MUT will be good candidates for MEK inhibitors. In the cluster of high DUSP4 expressing KRAS WT 30% are BRAF or NRAS MUT. This suggests DUSP expression of FFPE samples could be a more sensitive marker of MEK/Erk activation and resistance to EGFR inhibitors than KRAS MUT analysis alone. [Table: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- W. De Roock
- K.U.Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Independent Biostatistician, Mechelen, Belgium; Gasthuisberg University Hospital, Leuven, Belgium
| | - M. Janssens
- K.U.Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Independent Biostatistician, Mechelen, Belgium; Gasthuisberg University Hospital, Leuven, Belgium
| | - B. Biesmans
- K.U.Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Independent Biostatistician, Mechelen, Belgium; Gasthuisberg University Hospital, Leuven, Belgium
| | - B. Jacobs
- K.U.Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Independent Biostatistician, Mechelen, Belgium; Gasthuisberg University Hospital, Leuven, Belgium
| | - J. De Schutter
- K.U.Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Independent Biostatistician, Mechelen, Belgium; Gasthuisberg University Hospital, Leuven, Belgium
| | - S. Fieuws
- K.U.Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Independent Biostatistician, Mechelen, Belgium; Gasthuisberg University Hospital, Leuven, Belgium
| | - E. Van Cutsem
- K.U.Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Independent Biostatistician, Mechelen, Belgium; Gasthuisberg University Hospital, Leuven, Belgium
| | - S. Tejpar
- K.U.Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Independent Biostatistician, Mechelen, Belgium; Gasthuisberg University Hospital, Leuven, Belgium
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21
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Janssens M, Gooris GS, Bouwstra JA. Infrared spectroscopy studies of mixtures prepared with synthetic ceramides varying in head group architecture: coexistence of liquid and crystalline phases. Biochim Biophys Acta 2009; 1788:732-42. [PMID: 19344626 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2009.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2008] [Revised: 12/01/2008] [Accepted: 01/13/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The barrier function of the skin is provided by the stratum corneum (SC), the outermost layer of the skin.Ceramides (CERs), cholesterol (CHOL) and free fatty acids (FFAs) are present in SC and form highly ordered crystalline lipid lamellae. These lamellae are crucial for a proper skin barrier function. In the present study,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to examine the lipid organization of mixtures prepared from synthetic CERs with CHOL and FFAs. The conformational ordering and lateral packing of these mixtures showed great similarities to the lipid organization in SC and lipid mixtures prepared with native CERs.Therefore, mixtures with synthetic CERs serve as an excellent tool for studying the effect of molecular architecture of CER subclasses on the lipid phase behavior. In SC the number of OH-groups in the head groups of CER subclasses varies. Furthermore, acylCERs with a linoleic acid chemically bound to a long acyl chain are also identified. The present study revealed that CER head group architecture affects the lateral packing and conformational ordering of the CER:CHOL:FFA mixtures. Furthermore, while the majority of the lipids form a crystalline packing, the linoleate moiety of the acylCERs participates in a "pseudo fluid" phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Janssens
- Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research, Department of Drug Delivery Technology, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
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De Roock W, Janssens M, Biesmans B, Jacobs B, De Schutter J, Humblet Y, Peeters M, Van Cutsem E, Marynen P, Tejpar S. 98 POSTER DUSP4 expression level in colorectal primaries predicts overall survival benefit in Kras wild-type and Kras mutant colorectal cancer after treatment with cetuximab for metastatic disease. EJC Suppl 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(08)72030-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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23
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De Roock W, Piessevaux H, De Schutter J, Janssens M, De Hertogh G, Personeni N, Biesmans B, Van Laethem JL, Peeters M, Humblet Y, Van Cutsem E, Tejpar S. KRAS wild-type state predicts survival and is associated to early radiological response in metastatic colorectal cancer treated with cetuximab. Ann Oncol 2007; 19:508-15. [PMID: 17998284 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdm496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 617] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND KRAS mutation status is a candidate marker for predicting survival in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) treated with cetuximab (CTX). PATIENTS AND METHODS We studied the KRAS mutation status of 113 patients with irinotecan refractory mCRC treated with CTX in clinical trials. A predictive model for objective response (OR), progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) was constructed using logistic and Cox regression. RESULTS OR was seen in 27 of 66 KRAS wild-type (WT) patients versus 0 of 42 in KRAS mutants. Median OS was significantly better in KRAS WT versus mutants (43.0 versus 27.3 weeks; P = 0.020). Decrease in tumor sizes was significantly larger at all time points in WT patients. KRAS WT patients with an initial relative decrease of tumor size >9.66% at week 6 had a significantly better median OS compared with all other patients (74.9 versus 30.6 weeks; P = 0.0000025). Within KRAS WT patients OS was significantly better in patients with an initial decrease compared with those without [median OS: 74.9 versus 30.6 weeks (P = 0.00000012)]. CONCLUSIONS KRAS WT status is associated to survival benefit in CTX treated mCRC. This benefit is even more pronounced in those patients with early radiological response. These characteristics may be exploited for response prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- W De Roock
- Center for Human Genetics, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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24
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De Roock W, De Schutter J, De Hertogh G, Janssens M, Biesmans B, Personeni N, Geboes K, Verslype C, Van Cutsem E, Tejpar S. KRAS mutations preclude tumor shrinkage of colorectal cancers treated with cetuximab. J Clin Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.4132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
4132 Background: A recent study has shown that the presence of a KRAS mutation is associated with the absence of objective response to cetuximab (CTX) in advanced colorectal cancers (mCRC). Our hypothesis was that CTX cannot induce any tumor shrinkage in KRAS mutant mCRC. Methods: We analyzed KRAS exon 2 mutation status by Taqman, PCR and sequencing on 37 available tumor samples from patients with mCRC progressive on chemotherapy. Twenty patients received CTX combined with irinotecan (BOND) and 17 received CTX in monotherapy (7 BOND, 10 SALVAGE). We measured the change in tumor size between baseline and the consecutive evaluations. At week 12 and at week 24, we statistically tested the change from baseline between the groups with KRAS wild type (WT) and KRAS mutation (MUT) using the t-test. RECIST criteria for tumor response were used. Results: 3 patients had progressive disease (PD), 26 stable disease (SD), 8 partial response (PR) and 0 complete response. A KRAS MUT was found in 17 tumors (46%): 2 in PD (66.7%), 15 in SD (57.7%) and none in PR patients (p<0.01; responders vs. non responders). At 12 weeks there was a mean decrease in tumor size of 23.1% (SE=7.38) in the KRAS WT and an increase of 2.6% (SE=4.13) in the KRAS MUT mCRC. At 24 weeks KRAS WT and MUT mCRC had a 45.8% (SE=8.61) and a 1.3% (SE=6.67) mean decrease respectively (p= 0.0081 at 12 weeks; p=0.0015 at 24 weeks). The mean tumor size of the KRAS WT did not decrease further after 24 weeks. In the subgroup of SD tumor size regression was observed but only in WT patients. Mean time to progression was 32 (range 12–96) and 30 weeks (range 12–84) for KRAS WT (SD + PR) and MUT respectively. Conclusion: We confirmed KRAS MUT precludes objective response to CTX in mCRC. In addition we found tumor size regression in SD patients being restricted to WT patients. We observed rapid onset of these differences suggesting an important role of KRAS MUT status in early tumor shrinkage. However the onset of progression was not different according to KRAS MUT status. [Table: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- W. De Roock
- KUL, Leuven, Belgium; University Hospitals KUL, Leuven, Belgium; Independent biostatistician, Mechelen, Belgium
| | - J. De Schutter
- KUL, Leuven, Belgium; University Hospitals KUL, Leuven, Belgium; Independent biostatistician, Mechelen, Belgium
| | - G. De Hertogh
- KUL, Leuven, Belgium; University Hospitals KUL, Leuven, Belgium; Independent biostatistician, Mechelen, Belgium
| | - M. Janssens
- KUL, Leuven, Belgium; University Hospitals KUL, Leuven, Belgium; Independent biostatistician, Mechelen, Belgium
| | - B. Biesmans
- KUL, Leuven, Belgium; University Hospitals KUL, Leuven, Belgium; Independent biostatistician, Mechelen, Belgium
| | - N. Personeni
- KUL, Leuven, Belgium; University Hospitals KUL, Leuven, Belgium; Independent biostatistician, Mechelen, Belgium
| | - K. Geboes
- KUL, Leuven, Belgium; University Hospitals KUL, Leuven, Belgium; Independent biostatistician, Mechelen, Belgium
| | - C. Verslype
- KUL, Leuven, Belgium; University Hospitals KUL, Leuven, Belgium; Independent biostatistician, Mechelen, Belgium
| | - E. Van Cutsem
- KUL, Leuven, Belgium; University Hospitals KUL, Leuven, Belgium; Independent biostatistician, Mechelen, Belgium
| | - S. Tejpar
- KUL, Leuven, Belgium; University Hospitals KUL, Leuven, Belgium; Independent biostatistician, Mechelen, Belgium
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Hick G, Kirsch M, Janssens M, Larbuisson R, Joris J, Lamy M. [New developments in anesthesia-reanimation for ambulatory procedures]. Rev Med Liege 2007; 62:272-6. [PMID: 17725192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The one day clinic possesses its own structure and organisation; patient management is also specific. Preoperative visit and assessment are programmed at least 48 hours before anesthesia. Preoperative examinations and choice of anesthetic technique (sedation associated with local anesthesia or not, general anesthesia, locoregional anesthesia, or hypnosedation) are discussed and determined depending upon medical history, clinical examination, and type of procedure. General recommandations, instructions about fasting, interruption of some therapies, and introduction of new medication(s) are explained orally and also provided in a written document. New anesthetics and analgesics allow quick awakening and recovery of vital functions, and subsequently rapid hospital discharge. Prevention and aggressive treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting are also a major concern in our anesthesic management of ambulatory patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Hick
- Service d'Anesthésie-Reanimation, CHU du Sart Tilman.
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Glupczynski Y, Berhin C, Janssens M, Wauters G. Determination of antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Nocardia spp. from clinical specimens by Etest. Clin Microbiol Infect 2006; 12:905-12. [PMID: 16882297 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2006.01460.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Susceptibilities to 11 antimicrobial agents were determined by Etest for 93 Nocardia isolates from clinical specimens and 15 type strains belonging to different Nocardia spp. All isolates were susceptible to trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole, amikacin and linezolid, but susceptibilities of the various Nocardia spp. to beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, ciprofloxacin and clarithromycin varied markedly. Overall, there was a good correlation between the drug resistance patterns and the species identification established by conventional phenotypic tests and 16S rDNA sequencing. Among the different species encountered, Nocardia farcinica and Nocardia brasiliensis displayed the most multiresistant profiles, with resistance to imipenem occurring mainly among isolates of N. brasiliensis and Nocardia abscessus. The species variability in susceptibility profiles and the numerous recent taxonomic changes means that in-vitro susceptibility tests may be a complementary tool for the identification of Nocardia isolates from human clinical specimens. Further studies on a larger number of species from more diverse geographical sources, including species that are found less commonly among clinical isolates, are required to validate and extend the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Glupczynski
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, UCL Mont-Godinne University Hospital, Yvoir, Belgium.
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27
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Vaeyens R, Malina RM, Janssens M, Van Renterghem B, Bourgois J, Vrijens J, Philippaerts RM. A multidisciplinary selection model for youth soccer: the Ghent Youth Soccer Project. Br J Sports Med 2006; 40:928-34; discussion 934. [PMID: 16980535 PMCID: PMC2465033 DOI: 10.1136/bjsm.2006.029652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the relationships between physical and performance characteristics and level of skill in youth soccer players aged 12-16 years. METHODS Anthropometry, maturity status, functional and sport-specific parameters were assessed in elite, sub-elite, and non-elite youth players in four age groups: U13 (n = 117), U14 (n = 136), U15 (n = 138) and U16 (n = 99). RESULTS Multivariate analyses of covariance by age group with maturity status as the covariate showed that elite players scored better than the non-elite players on strength, flexibility, speed, aerobic endurance, anaerobic capacity and several technical skills (p<0.05). Stepwise discriminant analyses showed that running speed and technical skills were the most important characteristics in U13 and U14 players, while cardiorespiratory endurance was more important in U15 and U16 players. The results suggest that discriminating characteristics change with competitive age levels. CONCLUSIONS Characteristics that discriminate youth soccer players vary by age group. Talent identification models should thus be dynamic and provide opportunities for changing parameters in a long-term developmental context.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Vaeyens
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
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Janssens M, Hartstein G. [Tactics in complicated intubation]. Anesteziol Reanimatol 2003:62-7. [PMID: 12939949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
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Kanaan N, Gavage P, Janssens M, Avesani V, Gigi J, Goffin E. Pasteurella multocida in peritoneal dialysis: a rare cause of peritonitis associated with exposure to domestic cats. Acta Clin Belg 2002; 57:254-6. [PMID: 12534132 DOI: 10.1179/acb.2002.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Pasteurella multocida is a rare cause of peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis patients with only 10 cases reported in the literature so far. All cases were observed in patients with close contact with cats, usually with a direct puncture of the dialysis tubing. We report a case of Pasteurella multocida peritonitis in a patient maintained under continuous cycling peritoneal dialysis (CCPD), who had frequent and close contact with cats. Patients should be made aware of this potential complication and advised to keep domestic animals away from the location of their peritoneal exchanges.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kanaan
- Dpt of Nephrology, Cliniques Universitaires St Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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Van Bosterhaut B, Boucquey P, Janssens M, Wauters G, Delmée M. Chronic osteomyelitis due to Actinomyces neuii subspecies neuii and Dermabacter hominis. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2002; 21:486-7. [PMID: 12111611 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-002-0747-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Abstract
Seven isolates from various human body sites displayed general chemotaxonomic and phenotypic characteristics of the genus Brevibacterium. This was corroborated by the 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis of strain CF62T, showing a sequence similarity of 99% to Brevibacterium mcbrellneri. However, DNA-DNA hybridization, a peculiar amino acid content of the cell wall and some phenotypic properties clearly suggested that these strains belong to a new species, for which the name Brevibacterium paucivorans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of B. paucivorans is CF62T (= DSM 13657T = LMG 19814T). The DNA G+C content of the type strain is 55.8 mol%.
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Bourgois J, Claessens AL, Janssens M, Van Renterghem B, Loos R, Thomis M, Philippaerts R, Lefevre J, Vrijens J. Anthropometric characteristics of elite female junior rowers. J Sports Sci 2001; 19:195-202. [PMID: 11256824 DOI: 10.1080/026404101750095358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
During the 1997 Federation Internationale des Sociétés d'Aviron (FISA) World Junior Rowing Championships, the anthropometric characteristics of 245 female junior rowers aged 17.5 +/- 0.8 years (mean +/- s) were assessed. Twenty-seven body dimensions (body mass, 6 heights or lengths, 4 breadths, 10 girths and 6 skinfolds) were measured in total. The elite female junior rowers were taller (174.5 +/- 6.2 cm) and heavier (69.5 +/- 6.2 kg), with greater length, breadth and girth dimensions, but lower skinfold thicknesses than a representative sample of Flemish (Belgian) girls of the same chronological age. An anthropometric profile chart was constructed that was rowing-specific and norms were established. Compared with scullers, sweep rowers were heavier (+4.2 kg) and taller (+2.8 cm), with greater length, breadth (except for femur width) and girth dimensions (except for calf girth). Sweep rowers also had greater skinfold thicknesses (except for the thigh and calf skinfolds). Finalists were heavier (+3.6 kg) and taller (+3.9 cm), with greater length, breadth (except for femur width) and girth dimensions (except for calf girth) than non-finalists. No significant differences were found for skinfold thicknesses between finalists and non-finalists.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Bourgois
- Centre of Sports Medicine and Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physical Therapy, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, Belgium.
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Abstract
Appropriate airway management is an essential part of the anaesthetist's role. Difficult intubation, which can now be quantified using the 'Intubation Difficulty Scale', should be anticipated whenever possible. A strategy needs to be developed in order to anticipate problems. The first part of this paper reviews the different factors that contribute to make intubation and/or ventilation difficult. Problems with intubation (or ventilation of the lungs) can be caused by abnormal laryngeal structures (e.g. tumour, stenosis), or by difficulty in seeing the glottis. The clinical history will usually help identify the former problem, while physical examination of the airway is required to reveal either disproportion between the various structures of the airway (e.g. tongue, larynx), and/or difficulties in aligning the oral, pharyngeal, and laryngeal axes. The different techniques used to diagnose these problems are described. The second part of this paper summarizes the algorithms used by the anaesthetist when management of the airway is found difficult. Three situations are considered: (a) anticipated difficult intubation, for which awake fibreoptic intubation would appear to be the technique of choice in the majority of cases, (b) unforeseen difficult intubation in a patient whose lungs can be ventilated; here, various techniques for control of the airway will be briefly described, and (c) both tracheal intubation and lung ventilation are impossible; this is a life-threatening emergency, for which three solutions are proposed. These include use of the laryngeal mask airway, the Combitube, or transtracheal ventilation. These situations will be analysed with the aim of proposing management strategies that always guarantee the safety of the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Janssens
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, B-4000 Liege, Belgium
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Wauters G, Van Bosterhaut B, Avesani V, Cuvelier R, Charlier J, Janssens M, Delmée M. Peritonitis due to Brevibacterium otitidis in a patient undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. J Clin Microbiol 2000; 38:4292-3. [PMID: 11060116 PMCID: PMC87589 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.38.11.4292-4293.2000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Brevibacterium otitidis is a coryneform rod and, as far as is known, is isolated only from infected ears. We report the first known case of peritonitis caused by B. otitidis in a patient undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Wauters
- Microbiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Louvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
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Bourgois J, Claessens AL, Vrijens J, Philippaerts R, Van Renterghem B, Thomis M, Janssens M, Loos R, Lefevre J. Anthropometric characteristics of elite male junior rowers. Br J Sports Med 2000; 34:213-6; discussion 216-7. [PMID: 10854024 PMCID: PMC1763275 DOI: 10.1136/bjsm.34.3.213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
During the 1997 Federation Internationale des Sociétés d'Aviron World Junior Rowing Championships, anthropometric data on 383 male junior rowers were assessed. With 430 participating athletes, the sample represented 89% of the population. In addition to age, 27 dimensions were measured: body mass, six heights or lengths, four breadths, 10 girths, and six skinfolds. The elite male junior rowers were tall (187.4 (5.8) cm; mean (SD)) and heavy (82.2 (7.4) kg), with larger length, breadth, and girth dimensions than a nationally representative sample of Belgian boys of the same chronological age. A rowing specific anthropometric profile chart with norms was constructed. The stature of the junior rowers is similar to that of adult heavyweight elite rowers, except that the junior rowers are lighter. Compared with non-finalists, finalists are heavier (but still lighter than the adult heavyweight elite rower) and taller, with greater length, breadth (except for the bicristal diameter), and girth dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Bourgois
- Centre of Sports Medicine, University Hospital Gent, Belgium
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Wauters G, Charlier J, Janssens M, Delmée M. Identification of Arthrobacter oxydans, Arthrobacter luteolus sp. nov., and Arthrobacter albus sp. nov., isolated from human clinical specimens. J Clin Microbiol 2000; 38:2412-5. [PMID: 10835019 PMCID: PMC86826 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.38.6.2412-2415.2000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Five Arthrobacter isolates from clinical specimens were studied by phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, and genetic characterization. Two strains had characteristics consistent with those of Arthrobacter oxydans. One strain was related to A. citreus; however, DNA-DNA hybridization and phenotypic characteristics indicated that this strain belongs to a new species, for which the name Arthrobacter luteolus sp. nov. is proposed. Two strains were closely related to A. cumminsii by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, but DNA-DNA hybridization, peptidoglycan type, and some phenotypic features indicated that they should be assigned to a new species, for which the name Arthrobacter albus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of A. luteolus is CF25 (DSM 13067). The type strain of A. albus is CF43 (DSM 13068).
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Affiliation(s)
- G Wauters
- Faculty of Medicine, Microbiology Unit, University of Louvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium.
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Jaarsma-van Leeuwen I, Hammacher ER, Hirsch R, Janssens M. [Patients without referral treated in the emergency room: patient characteristics and motives]. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2000; 144:428-31. [PMID: 10719547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the motives of patients to directly visit the Emergency Department for medical treatment without seeing their family practitioner first and to establish the characteristics of this group. DESIGN Prospective, descriptive. METHOD Of the surgical patients attending the Emergency Room (ER) of Utrecht University Hospital, the Netherlands, between 1st April and 25th June 1997, the demographic and diagnostic data of the non-referred patients were compared with those of patients referred by the general practitioner (GP). The non-referred patients were asked about their reasons to attend without referral. RESULTS A total of 1026 patients visited the ER at their own initiative: 603 males and 423 females. The most frequent reasons for the direct visits were 'had not thought of their family practitioner' (48%) and 'wants help that can only be provided in a hospital' (30%). The self-referring patients differed from the 962 referred patients in severity of the trauma: 76% versus 39% had a relatively minor trauma; sort of trauma: 19% versus 4% had a sport trauma; place of residence: 57% versus 45% lived in the near vicinity of the hospital. Of the self-referring patients 57% visited the hospital out of office hours, versus 39% of the referred patients. CONCLUSION A large part of the non-referred patients visited the ER unnecessarily and should actually have consulted their GP. These were mainly young adults with minor injuries or sports injuries who lived close to the hospital. Important factors were unfamiliarity with or lack of understanding of the existing regulations.
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Wattiau P, Janssens M, Wauters G. Corynebacterium simulans sp. nov., a non-lipophilic, fermentative Corynebacterium. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2000; 50 Pt 1:347-353. [PMID: 10826822 DOI: 10.1099/00207713-50-1-347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Three coryneform strains isolated from clinical samples were analysed. These strains fitted the biochemical profile of Corynebacterium striatum by conventional methods. However, according to recently described identification tests for fermenting corynebacteria, the strains behaved rather like Corynebacterium minutissimum. The three isolates could be distinguished from C. minutissimum by a positive nitrate and nitrite reductase test and by not fermenting maltose; from C. striatum by their inability to acidify ethylene glycol and to grow at 20 degrees C. Genetic studies based on 16S rRNA showed that the three strains were in fact different from C. minutissimum and C. striatum (96.9 and 98% similarity, respectively) and from other corynebacteria. They represent a new species for which the name Corynebacterium simulans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is DSM 44415T (= UCL 553T = Co 553T).
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Lenoir M, Savelsbergh GJ, Musch E, Thiery E, Uyttenhove J, Janssens M. Intercepting moving objects during self-motion: effects of environmental changes. Res Q Exerc Sport 1999; 70:349-360. [PMID: 10797893 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.1999.10608055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the role of background texture on an interception task during self-motion. Twenty-six participants modulated tricycle speed along one arm of a V-shaped track so as to intercept a ball approaching horizontally on the other arm of the V. Either a plain or a textured background (consisting of contrasting vertical stripes) was used. Velocity modulations occurred so as to keep the angle beta between the direction of heading and the line head-ball constant (constant bearing angle, or CBA strategy), indicating that this observer-environment relation might regulate the approach phase. In the textured condition, participants initially drove faster than predicted by the CBA model and compensated by slowing down in the second half. This is in line with the texture-induced overestimation of the ball velocity and implies that absolute velocity information is also used.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lenoir
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, University of Ghent.
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Meijer JM, Janssens M, Hammacher ER. [Injuries missed in diagnosing severely injured accident victims in the emergency room]. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 1999; 143:1742-5. [PMID: 10494321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the incidence of injuries missed in the emergency room (ER) and the factors involved. DESIGN Retrospective. METHOD Of patients with an Hospital trauma index-injury severity score (HTI-ISS) > or = 14 who were treated in 1996 in the ER of the Academic Hospital Utrecht, the Netherlands, it was studied in the computerized database whether injuries had been missed. A missed injury was defined as an injury not identified during assessment in the Emergency department, but identified later in the hospital or rehabilitation centre. The groups of patients with and without missed injuries were compared with each other regarding possible risk factors for missing injuries. RESULTS Of 376 severely injured patients in 1996, 329 patients had sufficient follow-up documentation. In 37 patients (11%) of these 329 patients 47 injuries were missed. Fractures were the injuries most frequently missed (n = 25), followed by nerve tissue injuries (n = 14). There were consequences for the treatment in 13 of these patients (35%). Patients with missed injuries had a higher HTI-ISS, were more often primarily referred to the ER and arrived more often at night compared with patients without missed injuries. The two patient groups did not differ at to experience of the physicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Meijer
- Afd. Heelkunde, Academisch Ziekenhuis, Utrecht
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Larbuisson R, Pendeville P, Nyssen AS, Janssens M, Mayné A. Use of Anaesthesia Simulator: initial impressions of its use in two Belgian University Centers. Acta Anaesthesiol Belg 1999; 50:87-93. [PMID: 10418648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
459 trainees in Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, accompanied by fully certified specialists from several Belgian University Hospital Centers, spend at least a 3 hour session at the Anaesthesia Simulator. Each session comprises three segments: the briefing, the simulation session and the debriefing. The use of simulations allows significant individualization of the learning experience. The simulator helps to develop the capacity to understand, explain a phenomenon and to resolve problems. Another important aspect of the use of the simulator involves the trainee's "right to make mistakes". This allows to widen the spectrum of executional situations, and decreases the number of dangerous situations. Two University Centers (ULg and UCL) have each organized simulator sessions despite some differences in their approaches. The simulator is a teaching tool worthy of an obligatory role in the most up-to-date training possible of modern anesthesiologist. This is all the more important given that the current practice of anesthesiology is so complex that any error could cost a human life.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Larbuisson
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, CHU Sart Tilman, Liège, Belgium
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45
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Segura I, Delmelle-Wibaut C, Janssens M, Cleuter Y, van den Broeke A, Kettmann R, Willard-Gallo KE. Human immunodeficiency virus type 2 produces a defect in CD3-gamma gene transcripts similar to that observed for human immunodeficiency virus type 1. J Virol 1999; 73:5207-13. [PMID: 10233990 PMCID: PMC112572 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.73.6.5207-5213.1999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
T cells are central players in the immune response to infectious disease, with the specificity of their responses controlled by the T-cell receptor (TCR)/CD3 complex on the cell surface. Impairment of TCR/CD3-directed CD4(+) T-cell immune responses is frequently observed in individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 (HIV-1 and HIV-2). Virus replication is also regulated by T-cell activation factors, with HIV-1 and HIV-2 responding to different TCR/CD3-directed cellular pathways. We previously demonstrated that HIV-1 infection of the human interleukin-2-dependent CD4(+) T-cell line WE17/10 abrogates TCR/CD3 function and surface expression by a specific loss of CD3-gamma gene transcripts. In this study, we show that HIV-2 provokes the same molecular defect in CD3-gamma gene transcripts, resulting in a similar but delayed progressive loss of TCR/CD3 surface expression after infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Segura
- International Institute of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, B1200 Brussels, Belgium
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Abstract
It is generally assumed that in catching a fly ball, an efficient strategy for dealing with the horizontal component of the ball's trajectory is for the observer to keep the angular position of the ball constant with respect to his head. That strategy is called the constant bearing angle or CBA strategy. Maintenance of angular constancy results in the simultaneous arrival of both observer and ball at the landing spot. The authors analyzed the approach behavior of 26 subjects in a ball-interception task with straight paths for both the subjects and the ball. Subjects moved at a velocity that maintained a close-to-constant horizontal angular position of the ball with respect to the end effector throughout the approach phase rather than a constant bearing angle with respect to their head. Velocity adaptations occurred as a function of the changes in the angular velocity of the ball in such a way that a positive or negative angular velocity was canceled. Thus, an actor following the CBA strategy does not need to know where and when the ball will arrive (i.e., a predictive strategy), because reliance on the CBA strategy ensures that he will make the appropriate adaptations that enable him to arrive at the right place in the right time.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Lenoir
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, University of Gent, Watersportlaan 2, 9000, Gent, Belgium.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES Thalamic stimulation has been proposed to treat disabling tremor. The aims of this multicentre study were to evaluate the efficacy and the morbidity of thalamic stimulation in a large number of patients with parkinsonian or essential tremor. METHODS One hundred and eleven patients were included in the study and 110 were implanted either unilaterally or bilaterally. Patients were evaluated with clinical scales, before and up to 12 months after surgery. RESULTS Upper and lower limb tremor scores were reduced in both groups. Eighty five per cent of the electrodes satisfied the arbitrary criteria of two point reduction in rest tremor reduction in the parkinsonian tremor group and 89% for postural tremor reduction in the essential tremor group. In the parkinsonian tremor group, limb akinesia and limb rigidity scores were moderately but significantly reduced. Axial scores were unchanged. In the essential tremor group, head tremor was significantly reduced only at 3 months and voice tremor was non-significantly reduced. Activities of daily living were improved in both groups. Changes in medication were moderate. Adverse effects related to the surgery were mild and reversible. CONCLUSIONS Thalamic stimulation was shown to be an effective and relatively safe treatment for disabling tremor. This procedure initially applied in a very limited number of centres has been successfully used in 13 participating centres.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Limousin
- Department of Clinical and Biological Neurosciences, Joseph Fourier University, Grenoble, France
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Debruyne FJ, Murray R, Fradet Y, Johansson JE, Tyrrell C, Boccardo F, Denis L, Marberger JM, Brune D, Rassweiler J, Vangeneugden T, Bruynseels J, Janssens M, De Porre P. Liarozole--a novel treatment approach for advanced prostate cancer: results of a large randomized trial versus cyproterone acetate. Liarozole Study Group. Urology 1998; 52:72-81. [PMID: 9671874 DOI: 10.1016/s0090-4295(98)00129-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare the efficacy of oral liarozole, the first retinoic acid metabolism-blocking agent (RAMBA) to be developed as differentiation therapy for human solid tumors, with that of cyproterone acetate (CPA), an antiandrogen for the treatment of metastatic prostate cancer. Liarozole promotes differentiation of cancer cells by increasing the intratumoral levels of retinoic acid. METHODS A total of 321 patients with metastatic prostate cancer in relapse after first-line endocrine therapy entered a Phase III international multicenter study (recruitment from February 1992 to August 1994) comparing liarozole (300 mg two times daily) with CPA (100 mg two times daily). RESULTS Accounting for differences in baseline prognostic factors, the adjusted hazard ratio for survival was 0.74 in favor of liarozole (P = 0.039), indicating a 26% lower risk of death than in patients treated with CPA. Median crude (unadjusted) survival time was the same in the liarozole group as in the CPA group (10.3 months). More patients showed a PSA response (at least 50% reduction in PSA from baseline) when treated with liarozole (20%) than with CPA (4%) (P < 0.001). Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) responders had a median survival benefit of 10 months over nonresponders, irrespective of treatment (hazard ratio 0.43; P = 0.0018). PSA response was apparent within 3 months in approximately 90% of patients who responded. Pain improved more in the liarozole group than in the CPA group (P = 0.03). PSA responders had lower median pain scores than nonresponders (1.7 versus 2.5) and better quality of life (median Functional Living Index-Cancer score 108 versus 98) at end point, ie, treatment discontinuation, as well as throughout the treatment period. Among the most frequently occurring adverse events in the liarozole group were dry skin (51% of patients), pruritus (25%), rash (16%), nail disorders (16%), and hair loss (15%). These adverse events were generally mild to moderate in severity and did not affect the overall quality of life score. There were no detectable effects of either treatment on vital signs such as blood pressure, heart rate, electrocardiogram, and body weight. CONCLUSIONS Liarozole is superior to CPA in terms of PSA response, PSA progression, and survival, and is capable of maintaining patients' quality of life. The observed adverse events were mild to moderate in nature. These results show that liarozole is a possible treatment option after first-line endocrine therapy has failed.
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Affiliation(s)
- F J Debruyne
- Academisch Ziekenhuis St. Radboud, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Wauters G, Van Bosterhaut B, Janssens M, Verhaegen J. Identification of Corynebacterium amycolatum and other nonlipophilic fermentative corynebacteria of human origin. J Clin Microbiol 1998; 36:1430-2. [PMID: 9574722 PMCID: PMC104845 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.36.5.1430-1432.1998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Four identification tests, proposed in addition to conventional methods, were evaluated with 320 fermentative nonlipophilic Corynebacterium strains: growth at 20 degrees C, glucose fermentation at 42 degrees C, alkalinization of sodium formate, and acid production from ethylene glycol. These tests were highly discriminant. Corynebacterium amycolatum displayed a unique profile, allowing it to be distinguished from similar species, such as C. xerosis, C. striatum, and C. minutissimum.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Wauters
- Microbiology Unit, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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50
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Lagrou K, Verhaegen J, Janssens M, Wauters G, Verbist L. Prospective study of catalase-positive coryneform organisms in clinical specimens: identification, clinical relevance, and antibiotic susceptibility. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 1998; 30:7-15. [PMID: 9488824 DOI: 10.1016/s0732-8893(97)00193-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
During a 6-month period, all clinical isolates of catalase-positive coryneform organisms, which were isolated during the routine processing of clinical specimens, were characterized in the laboratory of the 1800-bed University Hospital of Leuven. The distribution of the species in the corynebacteria was: Corynebacterium amycolatum 70 (53%), Corynebacterium jeikeium 16 (12%), Corynebacterium striatum 11 (8%), Corynebacterium afermentans 10 (7%), Corynebacterium minutissimum 9 (6%), CDC coryneform group G 4 (3%), Corynebacterium urealyticum 4 (3%), Corynebacterium glucuronolyticum 1 (0.7%), and Corynebacterium xerosis 1 (0.7%). Of the 150 isolates, 37 (25%) were considered to be infection related and the remaining 113 (75%) were of questionable clinical significance. Susceptibility of the corynebacteria to 12 antibiotics active against Gram-positive organisms was evaluated. C. amycolatum, C. jeikeium, and C. urealyticum were multiresistant, but all isolates were susceptible to teicoplanin and vancomycin. Most of the C. amycolatum strains, and all strains of C. jeikeium and C. striatum, were susceptible to the vibrocidal compound O/129.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Lagrou
- Department of Microbiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium
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