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Lin L, Pfender K, Ditsch N, Kuhn C, Rahmeh M, Peng L, Schmoeckel E, Mayr D, Trillsch F, Mahner S, Kessler M, Jeschke U, Hester A. KLF11 is an independent negative prognostic factor for breast cancer from a cohort study and induces proliferation and inhibits apoptosis in vitro. Breast Cancer 2023; 30:758-771. [PMID: 37199905 PMCID: PMC10404175 DOI: 10.1007/s12282-023-01470-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The therapy concepts that target several members of krüppel like factor (KLF) family have been achieved in breast cancer (BC). However, the role of KLF11 in BC remains unclear. This study explored the prognostic significance of KLF11 in BC patients and investigated its functional roles in this malignancy. METHODS Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining of KLF11 in 298 patients' samples was performed to determine the prognostic role of the KLF11. Then the protein level was correlated to clinicopathological characteristics and survival outcomes. Afterward, the function of KLF11 was explored in vitro with siRNA-mediated loss-of-function of cell viability, proliferation, and apoptosis. RESULTS From the cohort study, we found that the expression of KLF11 was positively associated with highly proliferative BC of BC. Furthermore, prognostic analysis demonstrated that KLF11 was an independent negative factor for disease-free survival (DFS) and distant-metastasis-free survival (DMFS) of BC. The KLF11-related prognostic model for DFS and DMFS showed high accuracy in predicting the 3-,5- and 10 -year survival probability of BC patients. Additionally, the knockdown of KLF11 inhibited cell viability and proliferation, as well as induced cell apoptosis in MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 cells, while only inhibited cell viability and induced cell apoptosis in SK-BR-3 cells. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicated that targeting KLF11 is an interesting therapeutic concept and further research could lead to a new therapeutic improvement in BC, especially in highly aggressive molecular subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Kristina Pfender
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Nina Ditsch
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Augsburg, 86156, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Christina Kuhn
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Augsburg, 86156, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Martina Rahmeh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Lin Peng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Elisa Schmoeckel
- Department of Pathology, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, 81337, Munich, Germany
| | - Doris Mayr
- Department of Pathology, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, 81337, Munich, Germany
| | - Fabian Trillsch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Sven Mahner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Mirjana Kessler
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Udo Jeschke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Augsburg, 86156, Augsburg, Germany.
| | - Anna Hester
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
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Yang H, Kolben T, Meister S, Paul C, van Dorp J, Eren S, Kuhn C, Rahmeh M, Mahner S, Jeschke U, von Schönfeldt V. Factors Influencing the In Vitro Maturation (IVM) of Human Oocyte. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1904. [PMID: 34944731 PMCID: PMC8698296 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9121904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In vitro maturation (IVM) of oocytes is a promising assisted reproductive technology (ART) deemed as a simple and safe procedure. It is mainly used in patients with impaired oocyte maturation and in fertility preservation for women facing the risk of losing fertility. However, to date, it is still not widely used in clinical practice because of its underperformance. The influencing factors, such as biphasic IVM system, culture medium, and the supplementation, have a marked effect on the outcomes of oocyte IVM. However, the role of different culture media, supplements, and follicular priming regimens in oocyte IVM have yet to be fully clarified and deserve further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixia Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 81377 Munich, Germany; (H.Y.); (T.K.); (S.M.); (C.P.); (J.v.D.); (S.E.); (C.K.); (M.R.); (S.M.); (V.v.S.)
| | - Thomas Kolben
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 81377 Munich, Germany; (H.Y.); (T.K.); (S.M.); (C.P.); (J.v.D.); (S.E.); (C.K.); (M.R.); (S.M.); (V.v.S.)
| | - Sarah Meister
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 81377 Munich, Germany; (H.Y.); (T.K.); (S.M.); (C.P.); (J.v.D.); (S.E.); (C.K.); (M.R.); (S.M.); (V.v.S.)
| | - Corinna Paul
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 81377 Munich, Germany; (H.Y.); (T.K.); (S.M.); (C.P.); (J.v.D.); (S.E.); (C.K.); (M.R.); (S.M.); (V.v.S.)
| | - Julia van Dorp
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 81377 Munich, Germany; (H.Y.); (T.K.); (S.M.); (C.P.); (J.v.D.); (S.E.); (C.K.); (M.R.); (S.M.); (V.v.S.)
| | - Sibel Eren
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 81377 Munich, Germany; (H.Y.); (T.K.); (S.M.); (C.P.); (J.v.D.); (S.E.); (C.K.); (M.R.); (S.M.); (V.v.S.)
| | - Christina Kuhn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 81377 Munich, Germany; (H.Y.); (T.K.); (S.M.); (C.P.); (J.v.D.); (S.E.); (C.K.); (M.R.); (S.M.); (V.v.S.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Augsburg, 86156 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Martina Rahmeh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 81377 Munich, Germany; (H.Y.); (T.K.); (S.M.); (C.P.); (J.v.D.); (S.E.); (C.K.); (M.R.); (S.M.); (V.v.S.)
| | - Sven Mahner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 81377 Munich, Germany; (H.Y.); (T.K.); (S.M.); (C.P.); (J.v.D.); (S.E.); (C.K.); (M.R.); (S.M.); (V.v.S.)
| | - Udo Jeschke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 81377 Munich, Germany; (H.Y.); (T.K.); (S.M.); (C.P.); (J.v.D.); (S.E.); (C.K.); (M.R.); (S.M.); (V.v.S.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Augsburg, 86156 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Viktoria von Schönfeldt
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 81377 Munich, Germany; (H.Y.); (T.K.); (S.M.); (C.P.); (J.v.D.); (S.E.); (C.K.); (M.R.); (S.M.); (V.v.S.)
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Peng L, Chelariu-Raicu A, Ye Y, Ma Z, Yang H, Ishikawa-Ankerhold H, Rahmeh M, Mahner S, Jeschke U, von Schönfeldt V. Prostaglandin E2 Receptor 4 (EP4) Affects Trophoblast Functions via Activating the cAMP-PKA-pCREB Signaling Pathway at the Maternal-Fetal Interface in Unexplained Recurrent Miscarriage. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179134. [PMID: 34502044 PMCID: PMC8430623 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Implantation consists of a complex process based on coordinated crosstalk between the endometrium and trophoblast. Furthermore, it is known that the microenvironment of this fetal–maternal interface plays an important role in the development of extravillous trophoblast cells. This is mainly due to the fact that tissues mediate embryonic signaling biologicals, among other molecules, prostaglandins. Prostaglandins influence tissue through several cell processes including differentiation, proliferation, and promotion of maternal immune tolerance. The aim of this study is to investigate the potential pathological mechanism of the prostaglandin E2 receptor 4 (EP4) in modulating extravillous trophoblast cells (EVTs) in unexplained recurrent marriage (uRM). Our results indicated that the expression of EP4 in EVTs was decreased in women experiencing uRM. Furthermore, silencing of EP4 showed an inhibition of the proliferation and induced apoptosis in vitro. In addition, our results demonstrated reductions in β- human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), progesterone, and interleukin (IL)-6, which is likely a result from the activation of the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)- cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA)-phosphorylating CREB (pCREB) pathway. Our data might provide insight into the mechanisms of EP4 linked to trophoblast function. These findings help build a more comprehensive understanding of the effects of EP4 on the trophoblast at the fetal–maternal interface in the first trimester of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Peng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; (L.P.); (A.C.-R.); (Z.M.); (H.Y.); (M.R.); (S.M.)
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Human Embryo Engineering, Chongqing Reproductive and Genetics Institute, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, No. 64 Jin Tang Street, Yu Zhong District, Chongqing 400013, China
| | - Anca Chelariu-Raicu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; (L.P.); (A.C.-R.); (Z.M.); (H.Y.); (M.R.); (S.M.)
| | - Yao Ye
- Department of Reproductive Medicine Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Kongjiang Rd. 1665, Shanghai 200092, China;
| | - Zhi Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; (L.P.); (A.C.-R.); (Z.M.); (H.Y.); (M.R.); (S.M.)
| | - Huixia Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; (L.P.); (A.C.-R.); (Z.M.); (H.Y.); (M.R.); (S.M.)
| | - Hellen Ishikawa-Ankerhold
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 81377 Munich, Germany;
| | - Martina Rahmeh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; (L.P.); (A.C.-R.); (Z.M.); (H.Y.); (M.R.); (S.M.)
| | - Sven Mahner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; (L.P.); (A.C.-R.); (Z.M.); (H.Y.); (M.R.); (S.M.)
| | - Udo Jeschke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; (L.P.); (A.C.-R.); (Z.M.); (H.Y.); (M.R.); (S.M.)
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Augsburg, Stenglinstr. 2, 86156 Augsburg, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Viktoria von Schönfeldt
- Center of Gynecological Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany;
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Peng L, Ye Y, Mullikin H, Lin L, Kuhn C, Rahmeh M, Mahner S, Jeschke U, von Schönfeldt V. Expression of trophoblast derived prostaglandin E2 receptor 2 (EP2) is reduced in patients with recurrent miscarriage and EP2 regulates cell proliferation and expression of inflammatory cytokines. J Reprod Immunol 2020; 142:103210. [PMID: 33011635 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2020.103210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUD Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), an inflammatory mediator, modulates cytokines, regulates immune responses in reproductive processes and stimulates inflammatory reactions via the prostaglandin E2 receptor 2 (EP2). However, the regulatory effects of EP2 signaling on trophoblasts and its role in unexplained recurrent miscarriage (uRM) remains unclear. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 19 placentas from patients with a history of more than two consecutive pregnancy losses of unknown cause (uRM group) and placentas of 19 healthy patients following a legal termination of their pregnancy were used for PGE2 receptor (EP1, EP2 and EP4) expression analyses via immunohistochemistry. Double immunofluorescence was also used to identify EP2 expressing cells in the decidua. Finally, HTR-8/SVneo cells were used to clarify the role of EP2 in in vitro experiments. RESULTS The expression of EP2 and EP4 was found to be reduced in the syncytiotrophoblast and decidua of uRM patients. A selective EP2 receptor antagonist (PF-04,418,948) reduced the proliferation and secretion of ß-hCG, inhibited interleukin -6 (IL-6) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) and up-regulated the production of the tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) in HTR-8/SVneo cells in vitro. CONCLUSION PGE2-EP2 signaling pathway may represent a novel therapy option for uRM. The involvement of EP2 in uRM acts perhaps via inflammatory cytokines and indicates that the PGE2-EP2 signaling pathway might represent an unexplored etiology for uRM.
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MESH Headings
- Abortion, Habitual/immunology
- Adult
- Cell Line
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cytokines/metabolism
- Decidua/immunology
- Decidua/metabolism
- Dinoprostone/metabolism
- Down-Regulation/immunology
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental/drug effects
- Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental/immunology
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- Middle Aged
- Pregnancy
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP2 Subtype/analysis
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP2 Subtype/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP2 Subtype/genetics
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP2 Subtype/metabolism
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP4 Subtype/analysis
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP4 Subtype/genetics
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP4 Subtype/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Signal Transduction/genetics
- Signal Transduction/immunology
- Trophoblasts/drug effects
- Trophoblasts/immunology
- Trophoblasts/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Peng
- LMU Munich, University Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Southwest Medical University, Taiping Rd. 25, Luzhou 646100, China
| | - Yao Ye
- LMU Munich, University Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fu Dan University School of Medicine, Fenglin Rd. 180, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Heather Mullikin
- LMU Munich, University Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - LiLi Lin
- LMU Munich, University Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Christina Kuhn
- LMU Munich, University Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Martina Rahmeh
- LMU Munich, University Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Sven Mahner
- LMU Munich, University Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Udo Jeschke
- LMU Munich, University Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; University Hospital Augsburg, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Stenglinstr. 2, Augsburg 86156, Germany.
| | - Viktoria von Schönfeldt
- LMU Munich, University Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
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Salzmann B, Rahmeh M, Czogalla B, Kolben T, Kolben TM, Ditsch N, Mahner S, Jeschke U, Hester A. Der EP3-Antagonist L798,106 reduziert Proliferation und Migration von SK-BR-3 Mammakarzinom-Zellen. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2019. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1693866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- B Salzmann
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München
| | - M Rahmeh
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München
| | - B Czogalla
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München
| | - T Kolben
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München
| | - TM Kolben
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München
| | - N Ditsch
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München
| | - S Mahner
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München
| | - U Jeschke
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München
| | - A Hester
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München
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Hester A, Salzmann B, Rahmeh M, Kolben T, Czogalla B, Ditsch N, Mahner S, Jeschke U, Kolben TM. EP3 receptor antagonist L798,106 reduces proliferation and migration of SK-BR-3 breast cancer cells. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:6053-6068. [PMID: 31534346 PMCID: PMC6680222 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s204919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: COX-2 overexpression and elevated levels of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) play an important role in breast cancer carcinogenesis. Recently, expression of the PGE2 receptor EP3 has been shown to be a positive prognostic factor in breast cancer. This study analyzes the functional aspects of targeting EP3 in breast cancer cell lines. Material and methods: EP3 and EP1 expressions were determined in five breast cancer cell lines on the mRNA- and the protein-level. The selected cell lines were subsequently stimulated for 24-72 hrs with 10-1,000 nM of PGE2, the EP1/EP3 agonist sulprostone and the EP3 antagonist L798,106. Cell proliferation was determined via BrdU-assay, migration via scratch assay, EP3, Gi-protein and p-ERK1/2 expressions via Western blot and cAMP concentrations via ELISA. The Mann-Whitney-U-test was used to test for statistical significance. Results: The cell lines T-47D (EP3 expression 77.7%) and SK-BR-3 (EP3 expression 48.7%) were chosen. EP3 antagonism reduced its expression on SK-BR-3 significantly, while no effect was observed on T-47D. The proliferation and migration of SK-BR-3 cells were significantly reduced due to treatment with the EP1/3 agonist, the EP3 antagonist or a combination of both. Neither agonism nor antagonism influenced cell proliferation or migration in T-47D. In SK-BR-3, EP3 antagonism showed a significant decrease in Gi-protein levels, an increase in cAMP levels, and no significant change in p-ERK1/2 expression. Conclusion: Antagonism of the EP3 receptor results in a reduced proliferation and migration of SK-BR-3 breast cancer cells, potentially mediated via a Gi-protein-cAMP pathway. The results suggest that EP3 plays a role in tumorigenesis. This is in accordance with the cell culture data of other gynecological tumors, but it is conflicting in so far, as positive EP3 expression is clinically a positive prognostic marker in breast cancer. Therefore, other factors may be important in explaining this contradiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Hester
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Barbara Salzmann
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Martina Rahmeh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Kolben
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Bastian Czogalla
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nina Ditsch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sven Mahner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Udo Jeschke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Theresa Maria Kolben
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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Hester A, Salzmann B, Rahmeh M, Kolben T, Kolben TM, Würstlein R, Harbeck N, Mahner S, Ditsch N, Jeschke U. EP1-/EP3-Agonist Sulproston und EP3-Antagonist L-798,106 reduzieren Proliferation und Migration von SKBR3-Mammakarzinomzellen. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1671222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Hester
- Brustzentrum, Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe und CCC, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München, München, Deutschland
| | - B Salzmann
- Brustzentrum, Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe und CCC, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München, München, Deutschland
| | - M Rahmeh
- Brustzentrum, Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe und CCC, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München, München, Deutschland
| | - T Kolben
- Brustzentrum, Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe und CCC, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München, München, Deutschland
| | - TM Kolben
- Brustzentrum, Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe und CCC, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München, München, Deutschland
| | - R Würstlein
- Brustzentrum, Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe und CCC, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München, München, Deutschland
| | - N Harbeck
- Brustzentrum, Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe und CCC, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München, München, Deutschland
| | - S Mahner
- Brustzentrum, Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe und CCC, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München, München, Deutschland
| | - N Ditsch
- Brustzentrum, Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe und CCC, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München, München, Deutschland
| | - U Jeschke
- Brustzentrum, Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe und CCC, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München, München, Deutschland
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Zhu J, Schönfeldt V, Trillsch F, Kuhn C, Rahmeh M, Hofmann S, Mahner S, Jeschke U. EP3 reguliert Proliferation und Migration in Endometriumskarzinomzellen in vitro. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1655523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - V Schönfeldt
- Division of Gynecological Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - F Trillsch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - C Kuhn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - M Rahmeh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - S Hofmann
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - S Mahner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - U Jeschke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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Ye Y, Vattai A, Ditsch N, Kuhn C, Rahmeh M, Mahner S, Ripphahn M, Immler R, Sperandio M, Jeschke U, von Schönfeldt V. Prostaglandin E 2 receptor 3 signaling is induced in placentas with unexplained recurrent pregnancy losses. Endocr Connect 2018; 7:749-761. [PMID: 29700097 PMCID: PMC5958745 DOI: 10.1530/ec-18-0106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Although an inflammatory microenvironment is required for successful implantation, an inflammatory overreaction is one of the causes of unexplained recurrent pregnancy losses (uRPL). Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) plays a pivotal role in regulating immune balance during early pregnancy, and it can stimulate inflammatory reactions via prostaglandin E2 receptor 3 (EP3). However, the role of PGE2 receptor signaling in the uRPL remains unknown. We aimed to investigate whether EP3 signaling is involved in the mechanism of uRPL. Via immunohistochemistry we could show that the expression of cyclooxygenase-2, EP3 and G protein alpha inhibitor 1 (Gi1) was enhanced in the decidua of the uRPL group in comparison to the control group in first-trimester placentas. In vitro, we demonstrated that sulprostone (an EP1/EP3 agonist) inhibited the secretion of beta-hCG and progesterone in JEG-3 cells and the secretion of beta-hCG in HTR-8/SVneo cells while it induced the expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 in JEG-3 cells. In addition, PGE2/sulprostone was able to stimulate the expression of Gi1, phosphorylated-extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (p-ERK1/2) and p53. L-798,106 (an EP3-specific antagonist) suppressed the expression of EP3 and p-ERK1/2 without affecting the secretion of beta-hCG. Elevated activation of EP3 signaling in first-trimester placentas plays an important role in regulating the inflammatory microenvironment, the hormone secretion of extravillous trophoblasts and the remodeling of extracellular matrix in the fetal-maternal interface. L-798,106 might be a 'potential therapeutic candidate' for the treatment of uRPL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Ye
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyUniversity Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Aurelia Vattai
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyUniversity Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nina Ditsch
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyUniversity Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christina Kuhn
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyUniversity Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Martina Rahmeh
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyUniversity Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sven Mahner
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyUniversity Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Myriam Ripphahn
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental MedicineDepartment of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Roland Immler
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental MedicineDepartment of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Sperandio
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental MedicineDepartment of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Udo Jeschke
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyUniversity Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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Zhu J, Trillsch F, Mayr D, Kuhn C, Rahmeh M, Hofmann S, Vogel M, Mahner S, Jeschke U, von Schönfeldt V. Prostaglandin receptor EP3 regulates cell proliferation and migration with impact on survival of endometrial cancer patients. Oncotarget 2017; 9:982-994. [PMID: 29416671 PMCID: PMC5787529 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) receptor 3 (EP3) regulates tumor cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in numerous cancers. The role of EP3 as a prognostic biomarker in endometrial cancer remains unclear. The primary aim of this study was to analyze the prognostic significance of EP3 expression in endometrial cancer. Methods We analyzed the EP3 expression of 140 endometrial carcinoma patients by immunohistochemistry. RL95-2 endometrial cancer cell line was chosen from four endometrial cancer cell lines (RL95-2, Ishikawa, HEC-1-A, and HEC-1-B) according to EP3 expression level. Treated with PGE2 and EP3 antagonist, RL95-2 cells were investigated by MTT, BrdU, and wound healing assay for functional assessment of EP3. Results EP3 staining differed significantly according to WHO tumor grading in both whole cohort (p = 0.01) and the subgroup of endometrioid carcinoma (p = 0.01). Patients with high EP3 expression in their respective tumors had impaired progression-free survival as well as overall survival in both cohorts above. EP3 expression in the overall cohort was identified as an independent prognostic marker for progression-free survival (HR 1.014, 95%CI 1.003-1.024, p = 0.01) when adjusted for age, stage, grading, and recurrence. Treatment with EP3 antagonists induced upregulation of estrogen receptor β and decreased activity of Ras and led to attenuated proliferation and migration of RL95-2 cells. Conclusions EP3 seems to play a crucial role in endometrial cancer progression. In the context of limited systemic treatment options for endometrial cancer, this explorative analysis identifies EP3 as a potential target for diagnostic workup and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyan Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Fabian Trillsch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Doris Mayr
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christina Kuhn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Martina Rahmeh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Simone Hofmann
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Marianne Vogel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sven Mahner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Udo Jeschke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Viktoria von Schönfeldt
- Division of Gynecological Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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Todorow V, Rahmeh M, Hofmann S, Kirn V, Mahner S, Jeschke U, von Schönfeldt V. Promotor analysis of ESR1 in endometrial cancer cell lines, endometrial and endometriotic tissue. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2017; 296:269-276. [PMID: 28578502 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-017-4405-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The nuclear hormone receptor estrogen receptor α (ERα) is pivotal for numerous processes in the cell. As a transcription factor, it regulates eukaryotic gene expression and affects cellular proliferation and differentiation in target tissues. Moreover, ERα is known for its influence on various gynecological diseases and carcinogenesis. Since its expression is often altered in diseased tissues and this alteration was found to be caused by hypermethylation of the ESR1 promotor region in cancer, including breast and colorectal cancer, the aim of this study is to elucidate if the expression of ERα is also regulated epigenetically in endometriosis and endometrial cancer. METHODS Using real-time methylation-specific PCR (rt-MSP), we examined endometrial and endometriotic tissues as well as five endometrial cancer cell lines and compared the methylation status with the actual expression of ERα. RESULTS The results of our study indicate that, though its expression is altered in endometrial and endometriotic tissue, ERα is not regulated by methylation of the promotor region in endometriosis. In contrast, three of the five endometrial cancer cell lines are methylated in the promotor region of ESR1. CONCLUSIONS Thus, further investigation of the connection between ERα and endometrial cancer will be the next step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Todorow
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Martina Rahmeh
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Simone Hofmann
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Verena Kirn
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Köln, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sven Mahner
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Udo Jeschke
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Maistrasse 11, 80377, Munich, Germany.
| | - Viktoria von Schönfeldt
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
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12
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Trillsch F, Preinfalk V, Rahmeh M, Vogel M, Czogalla B, Burges A, Jeschke U, Mahner S. Inhibition of Wnt signaling as therapeutic option in platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. J Clin Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.e17050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
e17050 Background: New therapeutic approaches for platinum-resistant ovarian cancer patients are urgently needed. In this context, Wnt signaling appears to be a promising target so that inhibition of this pathway in platinum-resistant cell lines was aim of the present study. Methods: The ovarian cancer cell line A2780 and its platinum-resistant clone A2780cis were treated with different concentrations of Wnt singaling inhibitors SB216761, XAV939, and triptolides. Metabolic activity and cell viability was estimated by MTT cell proliferation assays. Immunohistochemistry for ß-Catenin visualized activity of the Wnt pathway. Results: MTT proliferation tests revealed an impaired proliferation following treatment with all three agents. While triptolides already led to significantly reduced metabolic activity after 48h, this effect was seen for SB216761 and XAV939 not before 72h. Immunohistochemistry for ß-Catenin confirmed inhibition of Wnt signaling. Following XAV939 treatment of A2780cis, ß-Catenin signals shifted from the nucleus towards the cell membrane. Conclusions: Re-sensitizing platinum-resistant ovarian cancer cells for platinum-based chemotherapy by inhibition of Wnt signaling seems to be mechanism visualized by the translocation of ß-Catenin from the nucleus towards the cell membrane. In this context, a dose-dependent response was noted for XAV939. Inhibition of Wnt Signaling appears to be a prospective therapeutic approach for platinum-resistant ovarian cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Trillsch
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Valentina Preinfalk
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Martina Rahmeh
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Marianne Vogel
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Bastian Czogalla
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander Burges
- AGO and Department of Gynecology, University Hospital Munich-Großhadern, Munich, Germany
| | - Udo Jeschke
- Department of OBGYN, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Sven Mahner
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
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13
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Preinfalk V, Rahmeh M, Burges A, Jeschke U, Mahner S, Trillsch F. Inhibierung des Wnt-Signaling als therapeutische Option beim platin-resistenten Ovarialkarzinom-Rezidiv. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1602304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- V Preinfalk
- LMU München, Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, München, Deutschland
| | - M Rahmeh
- LMU München, Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, München, Deutschland
| | - A Burges
- LMU München, Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, München, Deutschland
| | - U Jeschke
- LMU München, Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, München, Deutschland
| | - S Mahner
- LMU München, Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, München, Deutschland
| | - F Trillsch
- LMU München, Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, München, Deutschland
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Kahaly M, Rahmeh M, Vogel M, Jeschke U, Mahner S, Czogalla B. Der Transkriptionsfaktor NFE2L2 und seine Signalwege in der Ätiologie des Ovarialkarzinoms. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1602301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M Kahaly
- LMU München, Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, München, Deutschland
| | - M Rahmeh
- LMU München, Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, München, Deutschland
| | - M Vogel
- LMU München, Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, München, Deutschland
| | - U Jeschke
- LMU München, Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, München, Deutschland
| | - S Mahner
- LMU München, Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, München, Deutschland
| | - B Czogalla
- LMU München, Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, München, Deutschland
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Brüning A, Rahmeh M, Friese K. Nelfinavir and bortezomib inhibit mTOR activity via ATF4-mediated sestrin-2 regulation. Mol Oncol 2013; 7:1012-8. [PMID: 23916134 DOI: 10.1016/j.molonc.2013.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2013] [Revised: 07/10/2013] [Accepted: 07/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and autophagy are two basic cell survival mechanisms often occurring in concert. Extensive ER stress in cancer cells deliberately induced by chemotherapeutic drugs may lead to growth arrest and cell death. However, the link between ER stress and autophagy is not well understood. In this study, the treatment of cancer cells with ER stress-inducing drug nelfinavir resulted in the expression of endogenous mTOR inhibitor sestrin-2 (SESN2). Upregulation of SESN2 expression was associated with expression of ER stress markers ATF4, ATF3, and CHOP. SESN2 upregulation also occurred in cells treated with the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib. Ectopic expression of ATF4, but not of ATF3 or CHOP, caused transcriptional upregulation of SESN2 expression, indicating expressional regulation of SESN2 by ATF4. Transient overexpression of ectopic SESN2 resulted in mTOR inhibition and autophagy, confirming a link between ER stress, SESN2 upregulation, and mTOR inhibition. Accordingly, cancer cells treated with the ER stress-inducing agent nelfinavir showed reduced mTOR activity and associated increases in the expression levels of ATF4 and SESN2. These results show that ATF4-regulated SESN2 expression presents a new link between ER stress and mTOR inhibition and autophagy. mTOR inhibition by nelfinavir, which is currently in clinical trials for cancer patients, may also explain its observed ability to induce autophagy, growth arrest, and radiosensitization in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ansgar Brüning
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.
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Brüning A, Matsingou C, Brem GJ, Rahmeh M, Mylonas I. Inhibin beta E is upregulated by drug-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress as a transcriptional target gene of ATF4. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2012; 264:300-4. [PMID: 22935518 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2012.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2012] [Revised: 08/02/2012] [Accepted: 08/06/2012] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Inhibins and activins are gonadal peptide hormones of the transforming growth factor-β super family with important functions in the reproductive system. By contrast, the recently identified inhibin βE subunit, primarily expressed in liver cells, appears to exert functions unrelated to the reproductive system. Previously shown downregulation of inhibin βE in hepatoma cells and anti-proliferative effects of ectopic inhibin βE overexpression indicated growth-regulatory effects of inhibin βE. We observed a selective re-expression of the inhibin βE subunit in HepG2 hepatoblastoma cells, MCF7 breast cancer cells, and HeLa cervical cancer cells under endoplasmic reticulum stress conditions induced by tunicamycin, thapsigargin, and nelfinavir. Analysis of XPB1 splicing and ATF4 activation revealed that inhibin βE re-expression was associated with induction of the endoplasmic reticulum stress reaction by these drugs. Transfection of an ATF4 expression plasmid specifically induced inhibin βE expression in HeLa cells and indicates inhibin βE as a hitherto unidentified target gene of ATF4, a key transcription factor of the endoplasmic reticulum stress response. Therefore, the inhibin βE subunit defines not only a new player but also a possible new marker for drug-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ansgar Brüning
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany.
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Brüning A, Rahmeh M, Gingelmaier A, Friese K. The mitochondria-independent cytotoxic effect of nelfinavir on leukemia cells can be enhanced by sorafenib-mediated mcl-1 downregulation and mitochondrial membrane destabilization. Mol Cancer 2010; 9:19. [PMID: 20105315 PMCID: PMC2836985 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-9-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2009] [Accepted: 01/27/2010] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nelfinavir is an HIV protease inhibitor that has been used for a long period of time to treat HIV-infected individuals. It has recently emerged that nelfinavir could represent a prospective new anti-cancer drug, prompting us to test the effect of nelfinavir on leukemia cells. Methods By combining in vitro and ex vivo studies, the effect of nelfinavir on leukemia cells and non-malignant, bone marrow-derived tissue cells was analyzed. Results At a concentration of 9 μg/ml, nelfinavir induced death of 90% of HL60, IM9, and Jurkat cells. At the same concentration and treatment conditions, less than 10% of aspirated human bone marrow cells showed nelfinavir-induced cell damage. Nelfinavir-induced death of leukemia cells was accompanied by activation of caspases 3, 7, and 8. Despite caspase activation, the upregulation of the anti-apoptotic bcl-2 family member protein mcl-1 that resulted from nelfinavir treatment stabilized the mitochondrial membrane potential, resulting in primarily mitochondria-independent cell death. Pharmacological downregulation of mcl-1 expression by treatment with sorafenib (2 μg/ml) significantly enhanced nelfinavir-induced apoptosis even at lower nelfinavir concentrations (5 μg/ml), but did not have additional detrimental effects on non-malignant bone marrow cells. Conclusions The ability of nelfinavir to induce apoptosis in leukemia cells as a single agent in a mitochondria-independent manner might suggest it could be used as a second or third line of treatment for leukemia patients for whom standard mitochondria-directed treatment strategies have failed. Combination treatment with nelfinavir and sorafenib might further enhance the efficacy of nelfinavir even on chemo-resistant leukemia cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ansgar Brüning
- Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Department of Obstetrics/Gynaecology, Molecular Biology Laboratory, Munich, Germany.
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Lenhard M, Brüning A, Vogel M, Burger P, Rahmeh M, Gingelmaier A, Friese K, Burges A. Nelfinavir induziert Zelltod Chemotherapie-resistenter Ovarialkarzinomzellen. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1238985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Brüning A, Burger P, Vogel M, Rahmeh M, Gingelmaiers A, Friese K, Lenhard M, Burges A. Nelfinavir induces the unfolded protein response in ovarian cancer cells, resulting in ER vacuolization, cell cycle retardation and apoptosis. Cancer Biol Ther 2009; 8:226-32. [PMID: 19106637 DOI: 10.4161/cbt.8.3.7339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteasome inhibitors and protease inhibitors are currently being discussed to be useful to sensitize drug-resistant cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agents or to act independently as single agents on drug-resistant cancer cells. We tested the effect of the clinically applied HIV protease inhibitor nelfinavir on ovarian cancer cells. Nelfinavir efficiently induced cell death in carboplatin-sensitive (SKOV3, OV-GH-5) and carboplatin-resistant (OVCAR3, OV-GH-1) ovarian cancer cell lines as well as in cancer biopsies and ascites samples from patients with recurrent ovarian cancer. Nelfinavir significantly changed the morphology of ovarian cancer cells, resulting in formation of large ER-derived vacuoles and induced upregulation of the hsp70 heat shock family member BiP (GRP78) which accumulated within swollen ER membranes. Upregulation of BiP and phosphorylation of eIF2alpha indicated induction of the unfolded protein response, which can cause cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Correspondingly, we observed downregulation of cell cycle regulatory proteins after nelfinavir treatment, especially that of cyclin D3, and induction of apoptosis as confirmed by annexin binding. Because nelfinavir represents an already approved drug for use in humans with HIV infection, it could rapidly be tested in clinical studies as a potential treatment strategy against drug-resistant ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ansgar Brüning
- University Hospital Munich, Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Maistrasse 11, München 80337, Germany.
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Brüning A, Burger P, Vogel M, Rahmeh M, Friese K, Lenhard M, Burges A. Bortezomib treatment of ovarian cancer cells mediates endoplasmic reticulum stress, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis. Invest New Drugs 2008; 27:543-51. [PMID: 19039521 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-008-9206-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2008] [Accepted: 11/17/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Bortezomib, an approved drug for the treatment of certain haematological neoplasms, is currently being tested in clinical trials as a potential therapeutic agent against several types of solid cancer, including ovarian cancer. We have analyzed the effect of bortezomib on ovarian cancer cells and tissue explants either as a single agent or in combination with carboplatin, taxol, or TRAIL (tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand). Bortezomib alone efficiently induced apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells. Apoptosis was preceded by an upregulation of the endoplasmic reticulum stress sensor ATF3, and increased the expression of cytoplasmic heat shock proteins. Bortezomib enhanced the sensitivity of ovarian cancer cells and tissue explants to an apoptosis-inducing TRAIL receptor antibody by upregulating the TRAIL receptor DR5. In contrast to the synergistic effect observed for TRAIL, the efficacy of the taxol treatment was reduced by bortezomib, and bortezomib inhibited the G2/M phase accumulation of ovarian cancer cells treated with taxol. Bortezomib alone or in combination with taxol induced a cell cycle arrest within the S phase, and downregulation of cdk1, a cyclin-dependent kinase that is necessary for the entry into the M phase. Thus, bortezomib can be regarded as a promising agent for the treatment of ovarian cancer and could either be administered as a single agent or in combination with TRAIL. However, a combination treatment with taxanes may not be beneficial and may even be less effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ansgar Brüning
- Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, University Hospital Munich, Maistrasse 11, 80337, Munich, Germany.
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Brüning A, Vogel M, Burger P, Rahmeh M, Gingelmaier A, Friese K, Lenhard M, Burges A. Nelfinavir induces TRAIL receptor upregulation in ovarian cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2008; 377:1309-14. [PMID: 19000651 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.10.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2008] [Accepted: 10/31/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
HIV protease inhibitors are currently being discussed to be useful as new and alternative anti-cancer agents, especially as second line treatments for chemo-resistant human cancer types. Among three clinically applied HIV protease inhibitors tested, we found a high efficacy of nelfinavir on ovarian cancer cells, accompanied by apoptosis (annexin binding) and necrosis (propidium iodide permeability). In vitro, at concentrations used to induce cell death in ovarian cancer cells, nelfinavir had no effect on the cellular viability of fibroblasts or peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes. Nelfinavir sensitized ovarian cancer cells to treatment with an apoptosis-inducing TRAIL receptor antibody due to upregulation of the TRAIL receptor DR5 as shown by RT-PCR and FACScan analysis. We conclude that nelfinavir, an already approved drug, is a highly efficient agent against ovarian cancer cells and could sensitize ovarian cancer cells to TRAIL treatment, either therapeutically applied or endogenously produced by cells of the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ansgar Brüning
- University Hospital Munich, Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Maistrasse 11, 80337 Munich, Germany.
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Hueber AJ, Matzkies FG, Rahmeh M, Manger B, Kalden JR, Nagel T. CTLA-4 lacking the cytoplasmic domain costimulates IL-2 production in T-cell hybridomas. Immunol Cell Biol 2006; 84:51-8. [PMID: 16405652 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1711.2005.01402.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Optimal T-cell activation depends on the antigen-specific signal mediated by the TCR and engagement of costimulatory receptors such as CD28. CTLA-4, a homologous counterpart of CD28, is considered to be a crucial inhibitory receptor. To test its function separately from CD28 in an antigen-driven and ligand-specific model, we stably transfected the T-cell hybridomas A1.1 and DO11.10, which lack significant endogenous CD28 or CTLA-4 expression, with wild-type CTLA-4 (CTLA-4 WT) and a construct lacking the cytoplasmic tail (tailless [TL]). Functional studies were carried out by co-incubation with APC expressing the B7 ligands for CTLA-4 and appropriate MHC molecules loaded with their cognate antigens. IL-2 production on costimulation of CTLA-4WT and TCR did not differ significantly from untransfected controls. However, coligation of TCR and CTLA-4TL resulted in a vigorous IL-2 response specific for the interaction of CTLA-4 with B7. Thus, lack of the cytoplasmic tail converted CTLA-4 into a costimulatory receptor. This indicates that the CTLA-4 inhibitory function may not be attributable to sequestration of the common B7 ligands when competing with CD28. Rather, ligation of B7 by the CTLA-4 extracellular domain can enhance TCR activation, whereas in the full-length receptor, inhibitory signals mediated by the cytoplasmic domain may override this activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel J Hueber
- Department of Medicine III and Institute for Clinical Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.
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Konecny GE, Pegram MD, Venkatesan N, Finn R, Yang G, Rahmeh M, Untch M, Rusnak DW, Spehar G, Mullin RJ, Keith BR, Gilmer TM, Berger M, Podratz KC, Slamon DJ. Activity of the dual kinase inhibitor lapatinib (GW572016) against HER-2-overexpressing and trastuzumab-treated breast cancer cells. Cancer Res 2006; 66:1630-9. [PMID: 16452222 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-05-1182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 680] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Lapatinib (GW572016) is a selective inhibitor of both epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and HER-2 tyrosine kinases. Here, we explore the therapeutic potential of lapatinib by testing its effect on tumor cell growth in a panel of 31 characterized human breast cancer cell lines, including trastuzumab-conditioned HER-2-positive cell lines. We further characterize its activity in combination with trastuzumab and analyze whether EGFR and HER-2 expression or changes induced in the activation of EGFR, HER-2, Raf, AKT, or extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) are markers of drug activity. We report that concentration-dependent antiproliferative effects of lapatinib were seen in all breast cancer cell lines tested but varied significantly between individual cell lines with up to 1,000-fold difference in the IC(50)s (range, 0.010-18.6 micromol/L). Response to lapatinib was significantly correlated with HER-2 expression and its ability to inhibit HER-2, Raf, AKT, and ERK phosphorylation. Long-term in vivo lapatinib studies were conducted with human breast cancer xenografts in athymic mice. Treatment over 77 days resulted in a sustained and significant reduction in xenograft volume compared with untreated controls. For the combination of lapatinib plus trastuzumab, synergistic drug interactions were observed in four different HER-2-overexpressing cell lines. Moreover, lapatinib retained significant in vitro activity against cell lines selected for long-term outgrowth (>9 months) in trastuzumab-containing (100 microg/mL) culture medium. These observations provide a clear biological rationale to test lapatinib as a single agent or in combination with trastuzumab in HER-2-overexpressing breast cancer and in patients with clinical resistance to trastuzumab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gottfried E Konecny
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, 12-145 Factor Building, 10945 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1678, USA.
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