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Hossain A, Cotiga D, Thomas RV, Afshar M, Rudzinski W. Diagnosis of Coronary Stent Dislodgement With Transthoracic Echocardiogram: A Case Report. Cureus 2023; 15:e49349. [PMID: 38146558 PMCID: PMC10749697 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.49349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronary stent dislodgment is a rare complication of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Although stent dislodgment typically occurs immediately in the intraoperative or perioperative period, it can infrequently occur subacutely in the post-operative period. Diagnosis of stent dislodgment can be seen with various cardiac imaging modalities, from transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiogram to cardiac computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging to direct visualization on fluoroscopy during cardiac catheterization. Given the rarity of this entity, there is a lack of established common practice, gold standard for treatment, and/or procedural data. Instances are managed on a case-by-case basis, using the imaging modalities readily available at the institution and treatment modalities the interventionalist or surgeon is most comfortable with. Therefore, management of stent dislodgment consists of conservative, percutaneous, or surgical interventions on a case-by-case basis. We present a case of right coronary artery stent migration that was incidentally diagnosed with routine transthoracic echocardiogram.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afif Hossain
- Cardiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, USA
| | - Delia Cotiga
- Cardiology, VA New Jersey Healthcare System, East Orange, USA
| | - Renjit V Thomas
- Cardiology, VA New Jersey Healthcare System, East Orange, USA
| | - Maryam Afshar
- Cardiology, VA New Jersey Healthcare System, East Orange, USA
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Karki N, Sapkota B, Magar SR, Muhammad A, Paudel BM, Chernek P, Afshar M, Bhandari M, Bella JN. Relationship Between Marijuana Use and Hospitalization for Acute Coronary Syndrome. Cureus 2022; 14:e23317. [PMID: 35464549 PMCID: PMC9014837 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.23317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Recreational marijuana use is rising, especially among young adults. The cardiovascular (CVD) effect of marijuana remains mostly unknown. Methods: This is a retrospective study of 14,490 patients admitted to our hospital between 2012 and 2014 who had urine toxicology done for various reasons. Patients with a primary diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) were queried in both the marijuana-positive group (n = 59) and the marijuana-negative group (n = 195). The risks of having ACS were compared in both groups. Results: There was no difference in the risk of having ACS between the two groups in the population < 54 years of age (OR: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.67-1.20, p = 0.48). However, there was a significant difference in the risk of having ACS in the 18-36 age group (OR: 2.84, 95% CI: 1.14-7.07, p = 0.01). Multivariate analysis performed to adjust for the potential confounding effects of smoking and cocaine use showed that marijuana use (OR: 0.93, 95% CI: 0.68-1.25, p = 0.65) did not increase the likelihood of ACS for patients ≤ 54 years or for those in the 37-54 age group (OR: 1.11, 95% CI: 0.79-1.53, p = 0.50). However, among the 18-36 age bracket, marijuana use was independently associated with a higher risk of ACS (OR: 5.24, 95% CI: 1.84-16.93, p = 0.002). Conclusion: In younger patients (age 18-36 years), marijuana use is independently associated with a five-fold higher risk of ACS.
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Alvi RM, Zanni MV, Neilan AM, Hassan MZO, Tariq N, Zhang L, Afshar M, Banerji D, Mulligan CP, Rokicki A, Awadalla M, Januzzi JL, Neilan TG. Amino-terminal Pro-B-Type Natriuretic Peptide Among Patients Living With Both Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Heart Failure. Clin Infect Dis 2021; 71:1306-1315. [PMID: 31740919 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciz958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Among persons living with human immunodeficiency virus (PHIV), incident heart failure (HF) rates are increased and outcomes are worse; however, the role of amino-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) concentrations among PHIV with HF has not been characterized. METHODS Patients were derived from a registry of those hospitalized with HF at an academic center in a calender year. We compared the NT-proBNP concentrations and the changes in NT-proBNP levels between PHIV with HF and uninfected controls with HF. RESULTS Among 2578 patients with HF, there were 434 PHIV; 90% were prescribed antiretroviral therapy and 62% were virally suppressed. As compared to controls, PHIV had higher admission (3822 [IQR, 2413-7784] pg/ml vs 5546 [IQR, 3257-8792] pg/ml, respectively; P < .001), higher discharge (1922 [IQR, 1045-4652] pg/ml vs 3372 [IQR, 1553-5452] pg/ml, respectively; P < .001), and lower admission-to-discharge changes in NT-proBNP levels (32 vs 48%, respectively; P = .007). Similar findings were noted after stratifying based on left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). In a multivariate analysis, cocaine use, a lower LVEF, a higher NYHA class, a higher viral load (VL), and a lower CD4 count were associated with higher NT-proBNP concentrations. In follow-up, among PHIV, a higher admission NT-proBNP concentration was associated with increased cardiovascular mortality (first tertile, 11.5; second tertile, 20; third tertile, 44%; P < .001). Among PHIV, each doubling of NT-proBNP was associated with a 19% increased risk of death. However, among patients living without HIV, each doubling was associated with a 27% increased risk; this difference was attenuated among PHIV with lower VLs and higher CD4 counts. CONCLUSIONS PHIV with HF had higher admission and discharge NT-proBNP levels, and less change in NT-proBNP concentrations. Among PHIV, VLs and CD4 counts were associated with NT-proBNP concentrations; in follow-up, higher NT-proBNP levels among PHIV were associated with cardiovascular mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raza M Alvi
- Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, Department of Radiology and Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Markella V Zanni
- Metabolism Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Anne M Neilan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Malek Z O Hassan
- Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, Department of Radiology and Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Noor Tariq
- Yale-New Haven Hospital of Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Lili Zhang
- Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, Department of Radiology and Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Maryam Afshar
- Bronx-Lebanon Hospital Center of Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Bronx, New York
| | - Dahlia Banerji
- Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, Department of Radiology and Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Connor P Mulligan
- Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, Department of Radiology and Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Adam Rokicki
- Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, Department of Radiology and Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Magid Awadalla
- Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, Department of Radiology and Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - James L Januzzi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tomas G Neilan
- Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, Department of Radiology and Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Sri D, Thakkar R, Patel HRH, Lazarus J, Berger F, McArthur R, Lavigueur-Blouin H, Afshar M, Fraser-Taylor C, Le Roux P, Liban J, Anderson CJ. Robotic-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) and standardization of outcome reporting: a prospective, observational study on reaching the "Trifecta and Pentafecta". J Robot Surg 2020; 15:571-577. [PMID: 32885379 PMCID: PMC8295154 DOI: 10.1007/s11701-020-01141-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Partial nephrectomy (PN) for small renal masses is common, but outcomes are not reported in a standard manner. Traditionally, parameters such as 90-day mortality, blood loss, transfusion rates, length of stay, nephrometry scoring and complications are published but their collective impact on warm ischemia time (WIT) and post-surgery GFR is rarely determined. Thus, our aim was to assess if “Trifecta” and “Pentafecta” outcomes could be used as useful surgical outcome markers. A prospective database of 252 Robotic-Assisted PN (RAPN) cases (2008–2019) was analysed. “Pentafecta” was defined as achievement of “Trifecta” (negative surgical margin, no postoperative complications and WIT of < 25 min) plus over 90% estimated GFR preservation and no CKD stage upgrading at 1 year. Binary logistic regression analysis was conducted to predict factors which may prevent achieving a Trifecta/Pentafecta. Median tumour size was 3 cm and mean WIT was 15 min. Positive surgical margins (PSM) occurred in 2 cases. Overall, the intra-operative complication rate was 7%. One recurrence conferred 5-year cancer-free survival of 97%. Trifecta outcome was achieved in 169 (67%) and Pentafecta in 141 (56%) of cases. At logistic regression analysis, intraoperative blood loss was the only factor to affect Trifecta achievement (p = 0.018). Advanced patient age negatively impacted Pentafecta achievement (p = 0.010). The Trifecta and Pentafecta outcomes are easily applicable to PN data, and offer an internationally comparable PN outcome, quality measure. We recommend applying this standardization to national data collection to improve the quality of reporting and ease of interpretation of surgeon/centres’ outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Sri
- St George's Hospital NHS Trust, Tooting, London, SW17 0QT, UK.
| | - R Thakkar
- St George's Hospital NHS Trust, Tooting, London, SW17 0QT, UK
| | - H R H Patel
- St George's Hospital NHS Trust, Tooting, London, SW17 0QT, UK
| | - J Lazarus
- St George's Hospital NHS Trust, Tooting, London, SW17 0QT, UK
| | - F Berger
- St George's Hospital NHS Trust, Tooting, London, SW17 0QT, UK
| | - R McArthur
- St George's Hospital NHS Trust, Tooting, London, SW17 0QT, UK
| | | | - M Afshar
- St George's Hospital NHS Trust, Tooting, London, SW17 0QT, UK
| | - C Fraser-Taylor
- St George's Hospital NHS Trust, Tooting, London, SW17 0QT, UK
| | - P Le Roux
- St George's Hospital NHS Trust, Tooting, London, SW17 0QT, UK
| | - J Liban
- St George's Hospital NHS Trust, Tooting, London, SW17 0QT, UK
| | - C J Anderson
- St George's Hospital NHS Trust, Tooting, London, SW17 0QT, UK
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Liu W, Patel R, Crawford R, Ayres B, Tree A, Pickering L, Watkin N, Afshar M. 707MO Longitudinal cohort analysis of patients with metastatic penile cancer treated in a large quaternary academic centre. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Ayres B, Issa R, Tree A, Afshar M, Pickering L, Watkin N. The impact of micro-metastatic pelvic lymph node involvement on survival in squamous cell carcinoma of the penis. EUR UROL SUPPL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(20)32764-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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7
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Afshar M, Dini G, Vaezifar S, Mehdikhani M, Movahedi B. Preparation and characterization of sodium alginate/polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel containing drug-loaded chitosan nanoparticles as a drug delivery system. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Alvi RM, Neilan AM, Tariq N, Awadalla M, Rokicki A, Hassan M, Afshar M, Mulligan CP, Triant VA, Zanni MV, Neilan TG. Incidence, Predictors, and Outcomes of Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Discharge Among People Living With HIV. J Am Heart Assoc 2019; 7:e009857. [PMID: 30371221 PMCID: PMC6222938 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.118.009857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Background People living with HIV (PHIV) are at an increased risk for sudden cardiac death, and implantable cardioverter‐defibrillators (ICDs) prevent SCD. There are no data on the incidence, predictors, and effects of ICD therapies among PHIV. Methods and Results We compared ICD discharge rates between 59 PHIV and 267 uninfected controls. For PHIV, we tested the association of traditional cardiovascular risk factors and HIV‐specific parameters with an ICD discharge and then tested whether an ICD discharge among PHIV was associated with cardiovascular mortality or an admission for heart failure. The indication for ICD insertion was similar among groups. Compared with controls, PHIV with an ICD were more likely to have coronary artery disease and to use cocaine. In follow‐up, PHIV had a higher ICD discharge rate (39% versus 20%; P=0.001; median follow‐up period, 19 months). Among PHIV, cocaine use, coronary artery disease, QRS duration, and higher New York Heart Association class were associated with an ICD discharge. An ICD discharge had a prognostic effect, with a subsequent 1.7‐fold increase in heart failure admission and a 2‐fold increase in cardiovascular mortality, an effect consistent across racial/ethnic and sex categories. Conclusions ICD discharge rates are higher among PHIV compared with uninfected controls. Among PHIV, cocaine use and New York Heart Association class are associated with increased ICD discharge, and an ICD discharge is associated with a subsequent increase in admission for heart failure and cardiovascular mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raza M Alvi
- 1 Cardiac MR PET CT Program Department of Radiology and Division of Cardiology Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA.,6 Bronx-Lebanon Hospital Center of Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Bronx NY
| | - Anne M Neilan
- 2 Division of Infectious Diseases Department of Medicine and Department of Pediatrics Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA
| | - Noor Tariq
- 7 Yale New Haven Hospital of Yale University School of Medicine New Haven CT
| | - Magid Awadalla
- 1 Cardiac MR PET CT Program Department of Radiology and Division of Cardiology Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA
| | - Adam Rokicki
- 1 Cardiac MR PET CT Program Department of Radiology and Division of Cardiology Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA
| | - Malek Hassan
- 1 Cardiac MR PET CT Program Department of Radiology and Division of Cardiology Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA
| | - Maryam Afshar
- 6 Bronx-Lebanon Hospital Center of Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Bronx NY
| | - Connor P Mulligan
- 1 Cardiac MR PET CT Program Department of Radiology and Division of Cardiology Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA
| | - Virginia A Triant
- 3 Divisions of Infectious Diseases and General Internal Medicine Department of Medicine Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA
| | - Markella V Zanni
- 4 Program in Nutritional Metabolism Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA
| | - Tomas G Neilan
- 1 Cardiac MR PET CT Program Department of Radiology and Division of Cardiology Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA.,5 Division of Cardiology Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA
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Alvi RM, Neilan AM, Tariq N, Hassan MO, Awadalla M, Zhang L, Afshar M, Rokicki A, Mulligan CP, Triant VA, Zanni MV, Neilan TG. The Risk for Sudden Cardiac Death Among Patients Living With Heart Failure and Human Immunodeficiency Virus. JACC Heart Fail 2019; 7:759-767. [PMID: 31401096 PMCID: PMC6768556 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchf.2019.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of sudden cardiac death (SCD) among persons living with human immunodeficiency virus infection (PHIV) with heart failure (HF), who were hospitalized for HF, and the risk factors associated with it. BACKGROUND HF is associated with an increased risk for SCD. PHIV are at heightened risk for HF. METHODS This was a retrospective study of 2,578 patients hospitalized with HF from a single academic center, of whom 344 were PHIV. The outcome of interest was SCD. Subgroup analyses were performed by strata of viral load (VL) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) <35%, 35% to 49%, and ≥50%. RESULTS Of 2,578 patients with HF, 2,149 (86%) did not have implantable cardioverter-defibrillators; of these, there were 344 PHIV and 1,805 uninfected control subjects. Among PHIV with HF, 313 (91%) were prescribed antiretroviral therapy and 64% were virally suppressed. There were 191 SCDs over a median follow-up period of 19 months. Compared with control subjects, PHIV had a 3-fold increase in SCD (21.0% vs. 6.4%; adjusted odds ratio: 3.0; 95% confidence interval: 1.78 to 4.24). Among PHIV, cocaine use, lower LVEF, absence of beta-blocker prescription, and VL were predictors of SCD. The SCD rate among PHIV with undetectable VL was similar to the rate among uninfected subjects. Similar findings were observed by LVEF strata. Among PHIV with HF without conventional indications for an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator, the rate of SCD was 10% per year. CONCLUSIONS PHIV hospitalized with HF are at a markedly increased risk for SCD. SCD risk was increased in patients with lower LVEFs, lower CD4 counts, and higher VL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raza M Alvi
- Cardiac MR PET CT Program, Department of Radiology and Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Bronx-Lebanon Hospital Center of Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Bronx, New York
| | - Anne M Neilan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Noor Tariq
- Yale New Haven Hospital of Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Malek O Hassan
- Cardiac MR PET CT Program, Department of Radiology and Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Magid Awadalla
- Cardiac MR PET CT Program, Department of Radiology and Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lili Zhang
- Cardiac MR PET CT Program, Department of Radiology and Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Maryam Afshar
- Bronx-Lebanon Hospital Center of Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Bronx, New York
| | - Adam Rokicki
- Cardiac MR PET CT Program, Department of Radiology and Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Connor P Mulligan
- Cardiac MR PET CT Program, Department of Radiology and Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Virginia A Triant
- Divisions of Infectious Diseases and General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Markella V Zanni
- Program in Nutritional Metabolism, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Tomas G Neilan
- Cardiac MR PET CT Program, Department of Radiology and Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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Banerji D, Alvi RM, Afshar M, Tariq N, Rokicki A, Mulligan CP, Zhang L, Hassan MO, Awadalla M, Groarke JD, Neilan TG. Carvedilol Among Patients With Heart Failure With a Cocaine-Use Disorder. JACC Heart Fail 2019; 7:771-778. [PMID: 31466673 PMCID: PMC6719721 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchf.2019.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study sought to assess the safety of carvedilol therapy among heart failure (HF) patients with a cocaine-use disorder (CUD). BACKGROUND Although carvedilol therapy is recommended among certain patients with HF, the safety and efficacy of carvedilol among HF patients with a CUD is unknown. METHODS This was a single-center study of hospitalized patients with HF. Cocaine use was self-reported or defined as having a positive urine toxicology. Patients were divided by carvedilol prescription. Subgroup analyses were performed by strata of ejection fraction (EF) ≤40%, 41% to 49%, or ≥50%. Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) were defined as cardiovascular mortality and 30-day HF readmission. RESULTS From a cohort of 2,578 patients hospitalized with HF in 2011, 503 patients with a CUD were identified, among whom 404 (80%) were prescribed carvedilol, and 99 (20%) were not. Both groups had similar characteristics; however, those prescribed carvedilol had a lower LVEF, heart rate, and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide concentrations at admission and on discharge, and more coronary artery disease. Over a median follow-up of 19 months, there were 169 MACEs. The MACE rates were similar between the carvedilol and the non-carvedilol groups (32% vs. 38%, respectively; p = 0.16) and between those with a preserved EF (30% vs. 33%, respectively; p = 0.48) and were lower in patients with a reduced EF taking carvedilol (34% vs. 58%, respectively; p = 0.02). In a multivariate model, carvedilol therapy was associated with lower MACE among patients with HF with a CUD (hazard ratio: 0.67; 95% confidence interval; 0.481 to 0.863). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that carvedilol therapy is safe for patients with HF with a CUD and may be effective among those with a reduced EF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dahlia Banerji
- Cardiac MR PET CT Program, Department of Radiology, and Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Raza M Alvi
- Cardiac MR PET CT Program, Department of Radiology, and Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Bronx-Lebanon Hospital Center of Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Bronx, New York.
| | - Maryam Afshar
- Bronx-Lebanon Hospital Center of Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Bronx, New York
| | - Noor Tariq
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Yale New Haven Hospital of Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Adam Rokicki
- Cardiac MR PET CT Program, Department of Radiology, and Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Connor P Mulligan
- Cardiac MR PET CT Program, Department of Radiology, and Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lili Zhang
- Cardiac MR PET CT Program, Department of Radiology, and Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Malek O Hassan
- Cardiac MR PET CT Program, Department of Radiology, and Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Magid Awadalla
- Cardiac MR PET CT Program, Department of Radiology, and Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - John D Groarke
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Tomas G Neilan
- Cardiac MR PET CT Program, Department of Radiology, and Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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Ager M, Njoku K, Serra M, Pickering L, Afshar M, Beesley S, Robinson A, Crellin P, Vyas L, Kayes O, Elmamoun M, Eardley I, Ayres B, Henry A, Tree A, Watkin N. Results of a 10 year multicentre experience of adjuvant radiotherapy for pN3 squamous cell carcinoma of the penis (SCCp). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-9056(19)30479-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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12
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Alvi RM, Neilan AM, Tariq N, Hassan MZ, Awadalla M, Afshar M, Rokicki A, Mulligan C, Triant VA, Zanni MV, Neilan TG. THE RISK OF SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH AMONG HEART FAILURE PATIENTS WITH HIV. J Am Coll Cardiol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(19)31329-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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13
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Alvi RM, Banerji D, Tariq N, Hassan MZ, Awadalla M, Zhang L, Mulligan CP, Rokicki A, Afshar M, Neilan TG. SAFETY OF CARVEDILOL IN MANAGEMENT OF HEART FAILURE AMONG COCAINE USERS. J Am Coll Cardiol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(19)31328-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Williams C, Polom K, Adamczyk B, Afshar M, D'Ignazio A, Kamali-Moghaddam M, Karlsson N, Guergova-Kuras M, Lisacek F, Marrelli D, Mereiter S, Morley D, Parmentier F, Reis C, Roviello F, Shen Q, Tognetti Y. Machine learning methodology applied to characterize subgroups of gastric cancer patients using an integrated large biomarker dataset. Eur J Surg Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2018.10.285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Alvi RM, Neilan AM, Tariq N, Awadalla M, Afshar M, Banerji D, Rokicki A, Mulligan C, Triant VA, Zanni MV, Neilan TG. Protease Inhibitors and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients With HIV and Heart Failure. J Am Coll Cardiol 2018; 72:518-530. [PMID: 30049313 PMCID: PMC6202063 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.04.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Incident heart failure (HF) is increased in persons with human immunodeficiency virus (PHIV). Protease inhibitors (PIs) are associated with adverse cardiac remodeling and vascular events; however, there are no data on the use of PIs in PHIV with HF. OBJECTIVES This study sought to compare characteristics, cardiac structure, and outcomes in PHIV with HF who were receiving PI-based versus non-PI (NPI) therapy. METHODS This was a retrospective single-center study of all 394 antiretroviral therapy-treated PHIV who were hospitalized with HF in 2011, stratified by PI and NPI. The primary outcome was cardiovascular (CV) mortality, and the secondary outcome was 30-day HF readmission rate. RESULTS Of the 394 PHIV with HF (47% female, mean age 60 ± 9.5 years, CD4 count 292 ± 206 cells/mm3), 145 (37%) were prescribed a PI, whereas 249 (63%) were prescribed NPI regimens. All PI-based antiretroviral therapy contained boosted-dose ritonavir. PHIV who were receiving a PI had higher rates of hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus, and coronary artery disease (CAD); higher pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP); and lower left ventricular ejection fraction. In follow-up, PI use was associated with increased CV mortality (35% vs. 17%; p < 0.001) and 30-day HF readmission (68% vs. 34%; p < 0.001), effects seen in all HF types. Predictors of CV mortality included PI use, CAD, PASP, and immunosuppression. Overall, PIs were associated with a 2-fold increased risk of CV mortality. CONCLUSIONS PI-based regimens in PHIV with HF are associated with dyslipidemia, diabetes, CAD, a lower left ventricular ejection fraction, and a higher PASP. In follow-up, PHIV with HF who are receiving a PI have increased CV mortality and 30-day HF readmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raza M Alvi
- Cardiac MR PET CT Program, Department of Radiology and Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Bronx-Lebanon Hospital Center of Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Bronx, New York; Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Anne M Neilan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Noor Tariq
- Yale New-Haven Hospital of Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Magid Awadalla
- Cardiac MR PET CT Program, Department of Radiology and Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Maryam Afshar
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Bronx-Lebanon Hospital Center of Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Bronx, New York
| | - Dahlia Banerji
- Cardiac MR PET CT Program, Department of Radiology and Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Adam Rokicki
- Cardiac MR PET CT Program, Department of Radiology and Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Connor Mulligan
- Cardiac MR PET CT Program, Department of Radiology and Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Virginia A Triant
- Divisions of Infectious Diseases and General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Markella V Zanni
- Program in Nutritional Metabolism, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Tomas G Neilan
- Cardiac MR PET CT Program, Department of Radiology and Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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Sargolzaei M, Afshar M, Nikoofard H. Solvent Effect on The Equilibrium and Rate Constant of the Tautomeric Reaction in Nexium, Skelaxin, Aldara and Efavirenz Drugs: A Dft Study. J STRUCT CHEM+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022476618020063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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17
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Hua J, Afshar M, Clark B, Kovacs E, Burnham E. Cannabis use in individuals with severe alcohol use disorders in Colorado after cannabis decriminalization. Alcohol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2017.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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18
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Loh T, Vazirnia A, Afshar M, Dorschner R, Paravar T. Continuity of care in dermatology residency programs in the United States. Dermatol Online J 2017; 23:13030/qt39n4p5d6. [PMID: 28537854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE As established by the AccreditationCouncil for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME),dermatology residents in the United States must participate in continuity clinic. This requirement may be achieved through multiple means, allowing for program variation. To better assess continuity clinic's role in resident learning, more data on this component of graduate medical education is needed. METHODS An anonymous online survey was distributed via the American Board of Dermatology list serv to all U.S. dermatology residents. Continuity clinic organization, setting, frequency, and patient and preceptor characteristics were assessed; resident satisfaction and learning were compared. RESULTS Of 231 responses, 7.8% reported continuity clinic daily, 77.1% weekly, 9.1% every other week, 3.0%monthly, 0.4% once every several months, and 2.2%only during certain blocks. Of the clinics reported,80.1% were "resident-run with attending" and 11.3%were attending-run. The rest were "resident-run with no attending" (0.9%), both resident and attending run(3.0%), or "other" (4.8%). Trainees in resident-run clinics (with attendings) reported greater continuity of care than those in attending-run clinics (p<0.001).Residents reported better teaching with attending presence during patient encounters than when attendings were present only if concerns were raised(p<0.01).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Taraneh Paravar
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California.
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19
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Hosseini SM, Afshar M. Effect of diet form and enzyme supplementation on stress indicators and bone mineralisation in heat-challenged broilers fed wheat-soybean diet. Italian Journal of Animal Science 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2017.1321973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Maryam Afshar
- Department of Animal Science, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
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20
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Afshar M, Burnham E, Kovacs E, Cooper R, Yong M, Gaydos J, Clark B, Lowery E. Phosphatidylethanol as a biomarker to identify patients with alcohol misuse. Alcohol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2016.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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21
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Loh T, Vazirnia A, Afshar M, Dorschner R, Paravar T. Continuity of care in dermatology residency programs in the United States. Dermatol Online J 2017. [DOI: 10.5070/d3235034918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Afshar
- Materials Simulation Laboratory, Department of Physics, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - M. Hemati Chegeni
- Materials Simulation Laboratory, Department of Physics, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
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Feldstein S, Afshar M, Krakowski AC, Eichenfield LF. Filling in Pediatric Acne Practice Gaps: A Prospective Multicenter Study of Case-Based Education. J Adolesc Health 2016; 59:549-554. [PMID: 27638004 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2016.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Revised: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/09/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Studies have documented practice gaps in acne management between pediatricians and dermatologists. Evidence-based recommendations for acne management were published by the American Acne and Rosacea Society and the American Academy of Pediatrics in 2013. We assess the impact of a case-based learning intervention on pediatrician knowledge and treatment of acne in accordance with published recommendations. METHODS Participants were recruited at four conferences for pediatric providers. Knowledge of the recommendations and confidence in utilizing them was assessed. Five case-based questions were presented, with providers choosing acne treatments before, immediately after, and 3 months after a case-based educational presentation. Answer selections consistent with the recommendations were scored as correct, and all responses were evaluated for patterns of medication selection. RESULTS A total of 150 individuals participated, most with over 10 years experience. Knowledge of the recommendations and confidence in prescribing acne therapy was poor. The average preintervention management selections were 70% correct, increasing significantly to 86% 3 months after intervention (p < .01). The most significant improvements were demonstrated in provider's ability to choose regimens for moderate acne consistent with published recommendations, and in recommendation-consistent usage of retinoids and benzoyl peroxide (p < .05). Persisting practice gaps included a reluctance to use topical retinoids in preadolescents and lack of initiating oral combination therapies in patients with severe acne. CONCLUSIONS A case-based educational intervention significantly increased providers choosing acne treatments in accordance with evidence-based recommendations in an examination setting. Limitations of the study include an inability to assess actual provider prescribing behavior through this methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Feldstein
- Departments of Dermatology and Pediatrics, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego and University of California, San Diego, California; Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Maryam Afshar
- Departments of Dermatology and Pediatrics, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego and University of California, San Diego, California
| | | | - Lawrence F Eichenfield
- Departments of Dermatology and Pediatrics, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego and University of California, San Diego, California.
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24
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Hosseini SM, Afshar M. Effects of feed form and xylanase supplementation on performance and ileal nutrients digestibility of heat-stressed broilers fed wheat–soybean diet. Journal of Applied Animal Research 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2016.1224765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Maryam Afshar
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
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25
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Farahmand H, Arian MA, Khakzad A, Afshar M. Evaluating the effects of climate on weathering processes of rocks based on Peltier models in Kermanshah province. J Fundam and Appl Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.4314/jfas.8vi2s.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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26
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Nabavi M, Arshi S, Bemanian M, Aghamohammadi A, Mansouri D, Hedayat M, Nateghian A, Noorbakhsh S, Ehsanipour F, Faranoush M, Shakeri R, Mesdaghi M, Taghvaei B, Ghalebaghi B, Babaie D, Bahrami A, Fallahpour M, Esmaeilzadeh H, Ali Hamidieh A, Rekabi M, Ahmadian J, Eslami N, Shokri S, Afshar M, Jalali F, Akbarpour N, Molatefi R, Rezaei N. Long-term follow-up of ninety eight Iranian patients with primary immune deficiency in a single tertiary centre. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2016; 44:322-30. [PMID: 26803694 DOI: 10.1016/j.aller.2015.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Revised: 09/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim was to describe the clinical manifestations, complications and long-term outcome of a cohort of Iranian patients with primary immune deficiency (PID). METHOD We retrospectively studied the demographic, clinical and immunological characteristics of the PID patients in a single tertiary centre, from January 1989 to July 2014. The patients were classified according to the International Union of Immunological Societies Expert Committee on PID. RESULTS 98 patients were diagnosed with and followed-up for 15 disorders. The mean age at onset and diagnosis and the diagnostic delay were 8±10, 14.2±13.1 and 6.1±7 years, respectively. Parental consanguinity rate was 57%. Predominantly Antibody Deficiency was the most common diagnosis (n=63), followed by congenital defects of phagocytes (n=16), combined immunodeficiencies (n=12), well defined syndromes (n=4) and defects in innate immunity (n=3). Recurrent sinopulmonary infection was the most common presentation. Active infections were treated appropriately, in addition to prophylactic therapy with IVIG and antimicrobials. Not all the patients were compliant with prophylactic regimens due to cost and unavailability. One SCID patient underwent successful bone marrow transplantation. The total mortality rate was 19% during the follow-up period (7.8±7.6 years). The mean age of living patients at the time of study was 23±11.7 years. CONCLUSIONS Physicians awareness of PID has been rising dramatically in Iran, ensuring an increasing number of patients being diagnosed and treated. More effective treatment services, including health insurance coverage and drug availability are needed to improve the outcome of PID patients.
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Afshar M, Hoseini SS, Sargolzaei M. First principle study of magnetic and electronic properties of single X (X = Al, Si) atom added to small carbon clusters (C n X, n = 2–10). Russ J Phys Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036024416070360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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28
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Sargolzaei M, Afshar M, Jorabchi MN. [Binding of 1-substituted carbazolyl-3,4-dihydro-β-carbolines with DNA: Molecular dynamics simulation and MM-GBSA analysis]. Mol Biol (Mosk) 2016; 50:360-7. [PMID: 27239858 DOI: 10.7868/s0026898416020208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Molecular Mechanics-Generalized Born-Solvent Accessibility free energy calculations were used to analyse DNA binding affinity of 1-substituted carbazolyl-3,4-dihydro-β-carboline molecules. In this study, DNA structure with sequence of d(CGATCG)2 was used for simulations. 15 ns molecular dynamics simulations of the studied complexes were performed. The calculated free energy was compared with experimental antitumor activity (IC(50)). The predicted free energies decreased with the increase of IC(50) values. It was shown that molecules 1-6 bind to DNA via intercalation mode, while molecules 7-9 bind through groove binding mode. Also, it was found that the vdW energy term (ΔE(vdW)) and the non-polar desolvation energy (ΔG(SA)) are the favorable terms for binding energy, whereas net electrostatic energies (ΔE(ele) + ΔG(GB)) and conformational entropy energy (TΔS) are unfavorable ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sargolzaei
- Department of Chemistry, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran.,
| | - M Afshar
- Materials Simulation Laboratory, Department of Physics, Iran University of Science and Technology, Narmak, Tehran, 16345, Iran
| | - M N Jorabchi
- Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Institut für Chemie, Universität Rostock, Dr.-Lorenz-Weg 1, Rostock, 18059, Germany
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29
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Afshar M, Doosti H, Shokri A, Sargolzaei M. Electronic and magnetic properties of single 3d-transition metals adsorbed on anthracene: a relativistic density functional theory study. Mol Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2016.1190874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Afshar
- Department of Physics, Materials Simulation Laboratory, Iran University of Science and Technology, Narmak, Tehran, Iran
| | - H. Doosti
- Department of Physics, Materials Simulation Laboratory, Iran University of Science and Technology, Narmak, Tehran, Iran
| | - A. Shokri
- Department of Physics, Materials Simulation Laboratory, Iran University of Science and Technology, Narmak, Tehran, Iran
| | - M. Sargolzaei
- Department of Chemistry, University of Shahrood, Shahrood, Iran
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30
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Alvi R, Sklyar E, Gorski R, Atoui M, Afshar M, Bella JN. Athens QRS Score as a Predictor of Coronary Artery Disease in Patients With Chest Pain and Normal Exercise Stress Test. J Am Heart Assoc 2016; 5:JAHA.115.002832. [PMID: 27287697 PMCID: PMC4937247 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.115.002832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background The diagnostic value of the Athens QRS score to detect obstructive coronary artery disease CAD in patients with otherwise normal exercise stress test remains unclear. Methods and Results We analyzed 458 patients who underwent exercise stress test with or without myocardial perfusion imaging within 2 months of coronary angiography from 2008 to 2011. Patients (n=173) with abnormal stress test based on ST segment criteria were excluded. The Athens QRS score ≤5 was defined as abnormal. In our study cohort, 285 patients met the inclusion criteria and were divided into 2 groups: low Athens QRS score (LQRS, n=56), with QRS score ≤5 and normal Athens QRS score normal Athens QRS score, n=229), with QRS score >5. The presence of single‐vessel and multivessel obstructive CAD was higher in LQRS than in normal Athens QRS score patients (47% versus 7.5% and 30% versus 3.8%, respectively, all P<0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that the likelihood of CAD was strongly and independently associated with LQRS (odds ratio=36.81, 95% CI: 10.77–120.47), diabetes (odds ratio=6.49, 95% CI: 2.41–17.49), lower maximum heart rate (odds ratio=0.92, 95% CI: 0.88–0.95, all P<0.001), and older age (odds ratio=1.93, CI: 1.88–1.97, P=0.002). Conclusions In a clinical cohort of patients with chest pain and normal exercise stress test, LQRS score is a strong independent predictor of presence of CAD. LQRS patients have a 6‐fold higher prevalence of CAD and may warrant further evaluation even with reassuring exercise stress test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raza Alvi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Bronx-Lebanon Hospital Center, Bronx, NY
| | - Eduard Sklyar
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Bronx-Lebanon Hospital Center, Bronx, NY Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Robert Gorski
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Bronx-Lebanon Hospital Center, Bronx, NY
| | - Moustapha Atoui
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Bronx-Lebanon Hospital Center, Bronx, NY
| | - Maryam Afshar
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Bronx-Lebanon Hospital Center, Bronx, NY
| | - Jonathan N Bella
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Bronx-Lebanon Hospital Center, Bronx, NY Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
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Afshar M, Anaraki AP, Montazerian H, Kadkhodapour J. Additive manufacturing and mechanical characterization of graded porosity scaffolds designed based on triply periodic minimal surface architectures. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2016; 62:481-494. [PMID: 27281165 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2016.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Since the advent of additive manufacturing techniques, triply periodic minimal surfaces have emerged as a novel tool for designing porous scaffolds. Whereas scaffolds are expected to provide multifunctional performance, spatially changing pore patterns have been a promising approach to integrate mechanical characteristics of different architectures into a unique scaffold. Smooth morphological variations are also frequently seen in nature particularly in bone and cartilage structures and can be inspiring for designing of artificial tissues. In this study, we carried out experimental and numerical procedures to uncover the mechanical properties and deformation mechanisms of linearly graded porosity scaffolds for two different mathematically defined pore structures. Among TPMS-based scaffolds, P and D surfaces were subjected to gradient modeling to explore the mechanical responses for stretching and bending dominated deformations, respectively. Moreover, the results were compared to their corresponding uniform porosity structures. Mechanical properties were found to be by far greater for the stretching dominated structure (P-Surface). For bending dominated architecture (D-Surface), although there was no global fracture for uniform structures, graded structure showed a brittle fracture at 0.08 strain. A layer by layer deformation mechanism for stretching dominated structure was observed. For bending dominated scaffolds, deformation was accompanied by development of 45° shearing bands. Finite element simulations were also performed and the results showed a good agreement with the experimental observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Afshar
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran 16758-136, Iran
| | - A Pourkamali Anaraki
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran 16758-136, Iran
| | - H Montazerian
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran 16758-136, Iran
| | - J Kadkhodapour
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran 16758-136, Iran; Institute for Materials Testing, Materials Science and Strength of Materials (IMWF), University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany.
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Chun K, Afshar M, Audish D, Kabigting F, Paik A, Gallo R, Hata T. Hepatitis C may enhance key amplifiers of psoriasis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2016; 31:672-678. [PMID: 27184185 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.13578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple studies have noted an association between hepatitis C and psoriasis, but it is not known whether psoriasis is a result of treatment modalities for hepatitis C or a result of hepatitis C alone. OBJECTIVE To examine the relationship between psoriasis and hepatitis C by measuring the expression of cathelicidin, TLR9 and IFNγ in psoriatic lesional and non-lesional skin in HCV-positive and negative psoriatic patients. METHODS Two 2 mm punch biopsies of lesional and non-lesional skin in 10 patients who were HCV-negative psoriatics and seven HCV-positive psoriatics were used to measure cathelicidin, TLR9 and IFNγ mRNA expression by quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). RESULTS The mRNA levels of cathelicidin, TLR9 and IFNγ were significantly higher in both non-lesional and lesional skin of HCV-positive patients with psoriasis as compared to HCV-negative psoriatic patients. Additionally, the IFNγ level in lesional skin of HCV-positive psoriatic patients was higher than the IFNγ level seen in non-lesional skin of those same patients. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that HCV infection upregulates these inflammatory cytokines, possibly increasing susceptibility to developing psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Chun
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - M Afshar
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - D Audish
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - F Kabigting
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - A Paik
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - R Gallo
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - T Hata
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
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Sargolzaei M, Afshar M, Jorabchi MN. Binding of 1-substituted carbazolyl-3,4-dihydro-β-carbolines with DNA: Molecular dynamics simulation and MM-GBSA analysis. Mol Biol 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893316020205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Lévi FA, Boige V, Hebbar M, Smith D, Lepère C, Focan C, Karaboué A, Guimbaud R, Carvalho C, Tumolo S, Innominato P, Ajavon Y, Truant S, Castaing D, De Baere T, Kunstlinger F, Bouchahda M, Afshar M, Rougier P, Adam R, Ducreux M. Conversion to resection of liver metastases from colorectal cancer with hepatic artery infusion of combined chemotherapy and systemic cetuximab in multicenter trial OPTILIV. Ann Oncol 2015; 27:267-74. [PMID: 26578731 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic chemotherapy typically converts previously unresectable liver metastases (LM) from colorectal cancer to curative intent resection in ∼15% of patients. This European multicenter phase II trial tested whether hepatic artery infusion (HAI) with triplet chemotherapy and systemic cetuximab could increase this rate to 30% in previously treated patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS Participants had unresectable LM from wt KRAS colorectal cancer. Main non-inclusion criteria were advanced extra hepatic disease, prior HAI and grade 3 neuropathy. Irinotecan (180 mg/m(2)), oxaliplatin (85 mg/m(2)) and 5-fluorouracil (2800 mg/m(2)) were delivered via an implanted HAI access port and combined with i.v. cetuximab (500 mg/m(2)) every 14 days. Multidisciplinary decisions to resect LM were taken after every three courses. The rate of macroscopic complete resections (R0 + R1) of LM, progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were computed according to intent to treat. RESULTS The patient population consisted of 42 men and 22 women, aged 33-76 years, with a median of 10 LM involving a median of six segments. Up to 3 extrahepatic lesions of <1 cm were found in 41% of the patients. A median of six courses was delivered. The primary end point was met, with R0-R1 hepatectomy for 19 of the 64 previously treated patients, 29.7% (95% confidence interval 18.5-40.9). Grade 3-4 neutropenia (42.6%), abdominal pain (26.2%), fatigue (18%) and diarrhea (16.4%) were frequent. Objective response rate was 40.6% (28.6-52.3). Median PFS and OS reached 9.3 (7.8-10.9) and 25.5 months (18.8-32.1) respectively. Those with R0-R1 hepatectomy had a median OS of 35.2 months (32.6-37.8), with 37.4% (23.6-51.2) alive at 4 years. CONCLUSION The coordination of liver-specific intensive chemotherapy and surgery had a high curative intent potential that deserves upfront randomized testing. PROTOCOL NUMBERS EUDRACT 2007-004632-24, NCT00852228.
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Affiliation(s)
- F A Lévi
- UMRS 776 'Biological Rhythms and Cancers', INSERM, Villejuif Université Paris Sud 11, Orsay Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Department of Medical Oncology, Department of Hepatobiliary Center and Radiology, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France Cancer Chronotherapy Unit, Warwick Medical School, Coventry, UK
| | - V Boige
- Service d'Oncologie Digestive, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif
| | - M Hebbar
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hôpital Huriez, Lille
| | - D Smith
- Hôpital Saint-André, Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire, Bordeaux
| | - C Lepère
- Service d'Hépato-Gastro-Entérologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - C Focan
- Department of Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Chrétien, Clinique Saint-Joseph, Liège, Belgium
| | - A Karaboué
- UMRS 776 'Biological Rhythms and Cancers', INSERM, Villejuif Université Paris Sud 11, Orsay Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Department of Medical Oncology, Department of Hepatobiliary Center and Radiology, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France
| | - R Guimbaud
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Purpan, Toulouse, France
| | - C Carvalho
- Medical Oncology Unit, Hospital Fernando Foncesca, Amadora, Portugal
| | - S Tumolo
- Department of Oncology, Santa Maria Degli Angeli General Hospital, Pordenone, Italy
| | - P Innominato
- UMRS 776 'Biological Rhythms and Cancers', INSERM, Villejuif Université Paris Sud 11, Orsay Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Department of Medical Oncology, Department of Hepatobiliary Center and Radiology, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France Cancer Chronotherapy Unit, Warwick Medical School, Coventry, UK
| | - Y Ajavon
- Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Department of Medical Oncology, Department of Hepatobiliary Center and Radiology, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France
| | - S Truant
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hôpital Huriez, Lille
| | - D Castaing
- Université Paris Sud 11, Orsay Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Department of Medical Oncology, Department of Hepatobiliary Center and Radiology, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France
| | - T De Baere
- Service d'Oncologie Digestive, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif
| | - F Kunstlinger
- Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Department of Medical Oncology, Department of Hepatobiliary Center and Radiology, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France
| | - M Bouchahda
- UMRS 776 'Biological Rhythms and Cancers', INSERM, Villejuif Université Paris Sud 11, Orsay Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Department of Medical Oncology, Department of Hepatobiliary Center and Radiology, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France
| | - M Afshar
- Cancer Chronotherapy Unit, Warwick Medical School, Coventry, UK
| | - P Rougier
- Service d'Hépato-Gastro-Entérologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France Université René Descartes, Paris V, France
| | - R Adam
- UMRS 776 'Biological Rhythms and Cancers', INSERM, Villejuif Université Paris Sud 11, Orsay Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Department of Medical Oncology, Department of Hepatobiliary Center and Radiology, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France
| | - M Ducreux
- Université Paris Sud 11, Orsay Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Department of Medical Oncology, Department of Hepatobiliary Center and Radiology, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France Service d'Oncologie Digestive, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif
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Hosseini SM, Afshar M, Ahani S, Vakili Azghandi M. Heat shock protein 70 mRNA expression and immune response of heat-stressed finishing broilers fed propolis (bee glue) supplementation. Arch Anim Breed 2015. [DOI: 10.5194/aab-58-407-2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract. This 2×2 factorial experiment investigated the efficacy of propolis (bee glue; BG) in ameliorating heat-stress-induced impairment of growth performance, the hematological profile, intestinal morphology, and biomarkers of heat stress in broilers. Two hundred and forty 21-day old Ross 308 male broiler chicks were allocated to four experimental treatments in six replicates of 10 birds each. The main factors were composed of diet (basal diet or addition of 3 g kg−1 of BG) and temperature (thermoneutral or heat stress). Broilers subjected to heat stress had reduced average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI); a higher heterophil level and heterophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and a lower lymphocyte level; upregulated mRNA expression of 70 kDa heat shock protein (HSP70) levels in heart, kidney, and breast muscle; and shorter jejunal villus height, deeper crypt depth, and a lower ratio of villus-height-to-crypt-depth compared with those broilers raised in thermoneutral conditions. Supplemental BG increased ADG, jejunal villus height, and the villus-height-to-crypt-depth ratio and decreased the feed-to-gain ratio and creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase levels in breast muscle compared with the birds who received control diets. The inclusion of BG in diets significantly decreased the mRNA expression of HSP70 levels in heart, kidney, and breast muscle in birds subjected to heat challenge. These results indicate that the BG-supplemented diet was effective in partially ameliorating adverse effects in resistance to heat stress in broiler chickens.
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Afshar M, Pilote L, Dufresne L, Engert J, Thanassoulis G. LIPOPROTEIN(A) INTERACTIONS WITH LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL AND OTHER CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS: A CASE-ONLY STUDY OF PREMATURE ACS. Can J Cardiol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2015.07.730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Feldstein S, Afshar M, Krakowski AC. Chemical Burn from Vinegar Following an Internet-based Protocol for Self-removal of Nevi. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol 2015; 8:50. [PMID: 26155328 PMCID: PMC4479370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
"Natural home remedies" for nevi removal found on the Internet can be ineffective, or worse, dangerous. Children and teens, in particular, may be more likely to attempt self-treatment in order to avoid discussing their concerns with their parents. Here, the authors report a case of an adolescent who presented with a chemical burn after following an Internet-based protocol for nevi removal using apple cider vinegar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Feldstein
- Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, California; University of San Diego, California
| | - Maryam Afshar
- Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, California; University of San Diego, California
| | - Andrew C Krakowski
- Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, California; University of San Diego, California
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Sargolzaei M, Afshar M, Sadeghi M, Hamidian H. First principles study on proton transfer between amino acid side chains of histidine and aspartic acid in β-structure. J STRUCT CHEM+ 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022476614080332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Guergova-Kuras M, Schneider M, Jullian N, Afshar M. 667: Shorter multimarker signatures: a new tool to facilitate cancer diagnosis. Eur J Cancer 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(14)50587-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Sargolzaei M, Afshar M, Sadeghi MS, Kavee M. The effect of glutamic acid side chain on acidity constant of lysine in beta-sheet: A density functional theory study. Russ J Phys Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036024414070267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Afshar M, Birnbaum D, Golden C. Review of dextromethorphan administration in 18 patients with subacute methotrexate central nervous system toxicity. Pediatr Neurol 2014; 50:625-9. [PMID: 24742799 DOI: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2014.01.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2013] [Revised: 01/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathogenesis of methotrexate central nervous system toxicity is multifactorial, but it is likely related to central nervous system folate homeostasis. The use of folinate rescue has been described to decrease toxicity in patients who had received intrathecal methotrexate. It has also been described in previous studies that there is an elevated level of homocysteine in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid of patients who had received intrathecal methotrexate. Homocysteine is an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor agonist. The use of dextromethorphan, noncompetitive N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor receptor antagonist, has been used in the treatment of sudden onset of neurological dysfunction associated with methotrexate toxicity. It remains unclear whether the dextromethorphan impacted the speed of recovery, and its use remains controversial. This study reviews the use of dextromethorphan in the setting of subacute methotrexate central nervous system toxicity. METHODS Charts of 18 patients who had sudden onset of neurological impairments after receiving methotrexate and were treated with dextromethorphan were reviewed. RESULT The use of dextromethorphan in most of our patients resulted in symptomatic improvement. In this patient population, earlier administration of dextromethorphan resulted in faster improvement of impairments and led to prevention of recurrence of seizure activity induced by methotrexate central nervous system toxicity. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides support for the use of dextromethorphan in patients with subacute methotrexate central nervous system toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Afshar
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital & Research Center Oakland, Oakland California.
| | - Daniel Birnbaum
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Children's Hospital & Research Center Oakland, Oakland California
| | - Carla Golden
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital & Research Center Oakland, Oakland California
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Gandjbakhch F, Foltz V, Granger B, Jousse-Joulin S, Devauchelle V, Afshar M, Albert J, Bailly F, Constant E, Biale L, Milin M, Couderc M, Denarie D, Fradin A, Martaille V, Pierreisnard A, Poursac N, Saraux A, Fautrel B. FRI0233 Multireader Evaluation Could be an Alternative to Monoreader Evaluation and Improve Feasibility to Detect Radiographic Progression in Large Longitudinal Cohort of Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients (ESPOIR): Table 1. Ann Rheum Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.4659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Nafisi S, Darabi ME, Rajabi M, Afshar M. General anesthesia in cesarean sections: a prospective review of 465 cesarean sections performed under general anesthesia. Middle East J Anaesthesiol 2014; 22:377-384. [PMID: 25007691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In many countries, neuraxial blocks comprise the majority of anesthetics given for cesarean section. In Iran, however general anesthesia for cesarean section is prevalent. In our institution, the rate of general anesthesia for cesarean section is 39%, providing an opportunity to collect data regarding airway management in the parturients. We report on the outcomes of a series of patients who received general anesthesia for cesarean section. METHODS A prospective observational study was conducted in two university hospitals, with approximately 5,500 deliveries annually. Demographics and airway characteristics were recorded. Eight potential risk factors for difficult intubation (short neck, obesity, facial edema, swollen tongue, receding mandible, and single, missing or protruding maxillary incisors) were analyzed. Then, laryngoscopic view, difficulty at intubation, and major complications were recorded. RESULTS Data were obtained from 465 patients. There was a significant correlation between higher Mallampati score and both higher laryngoscopic view graded on the Cormack-Lehane system (P < 0.001) and difficulty at intubation (P-Value = 0.05). Emergency cesarean section was not associated with difficult intubation (P = 0.67). Multivariate analysis showed that receding mandible was the only potential risk factor for difficult tracheal intubation (P < 0.001) and removed short neck or protruding maxillary incisor which initially was powered as a risk factor by univariate analysis. A grade 3 laryngoscopic view was obtained in 15 cases (3.2%). There was no case of grade 4 view. There was only one failed intubation (0.2%), and 9 cases of very difficult intubation (1.9%). CONCLUSION General anesthesia for cesarean section is safe with minimal risk.
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Harding V, Afshar M, Krell J, Ramaswami R, Twelves CJ, Stebbing J. 'Being there' for women with metastatic breast cancer: a pan-European patient survey. Br J Cancer 2013; 109:1543-8. [PMID: 24002595 PMCID: PMC3777001 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2013.492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Revised: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding their experiences of diagnosis is integral to improving the quality of care for women living with advanced/metastatic breast cancer. METHODS A survey, initiated in March 2011, was conducted in two stages. First, the views of 47 breast cancer-related patient groups in eight European countries were sought on standards of breast cancer care and unmet needs of patients. Findings were used to develop a patient-centric survey to capture personal experiences of advanced breast cancer to determine insights into the 'trade-off' between extending overall survival and side effects associated with its treatment. The second online survey was open to women with locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer, or their carers, and responders were recruited through local patient groups. Data were collected via anonymous local language questionnaires. RESULTS The online stage II survey received a total of 230 responses from 17 European countries: 94% of respondents had locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer and 6% were adult carers. Although the overall experience of care was generally good/excellent (77%), gaps were still perceived in terms of treatment choice and information provision. Treatment choice for patients was felt to be lacking by 32% of responders. In addition, 68% of those who responded would have liked more information about future medical treatments and research, with 57% wishing to receive this information from their oncologist. Two-thirds (66%) of women with advanced breast cancer, or their carers, believed life-extending treatment to be important so that they can spend more time with family and friends, and 67% said that the treatment was worthwhile, despite potential associated side effects. CONCLUSION These findings show a continuing need to provide women with advanced breast cancer with better information and emphasise the importance that these patients often place on prolonging survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Harding
- Department of Medical Oncology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, 1st Floor, E Wing, Fulham Palace Road, London, W6 8RF, UK
| | - M Afshar
- St James's Institute of Oncology, The Leeds Teaching Hospitals, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
| | - J Krell
- Department of Medical Oncology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, 1st Floor, E Wing, Fulham Palace Road, London, W6 8RF, UK
| | - R Ramaswami
- Department of Medical Oncology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, 1st Floor, E Wing, Fulham Palace Road, London, W6 8RF, UK
| | - C J Twelves
- St James's Institute of Oncology, The Leeds Teaching Hospitals, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
- Leeds Institute of Cancer Studies and Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
| | - J Stebbing
- Department of Medical Oncology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, 1st Floor, E Wing, Fulham Palace Road, London, W6 8RF, UK
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Hata TR, Afshar M, Miller J, Two AM, Kotol P, Jackson M, Alexandrescu DT, Kabigting F, Gerber M, Lai Y, Gallo RL. Etanercept decreases the innate immune wounding response in psoriasis. Exp Dermatol 2013; 22:599-601. [PMID: 23802569 DOI: 10.1111/exd.12167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cathelicidin is increased when normal skin is injured and in psoriasis lesions where it has been suggested to play a pivotal role in inflammation through interactions with self-DNA and toll-like receptor 9 (TLR-9) in keratinocytes and plasmacytoid dendritic cells. Because of etanercept's success in treating psoriasis, we hypothesized that etanercept may suppress TLR-9 and cathelicidin induction. Examination of experimentally induced wounds of psoriatic lesional and non-lesional skin, and comparison with wounded normal skin, shows that the induction of cathelicidin and TLR-9 is greatly enhanced in lesional psoriatic skin. Six weeks of etanercept appears not to affect the baseline expression of cathelicidin or TLR-9, but does blunt the induction of cathelicidin in psoriasis with wounding. These findings support the role of cathelicidin in the enhancement of local inflammation in psoriasis and may partially explain one of the mechanisms enabling TNF-α inhibitors to successfully treat this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tissa R Hata
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
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Afshar M, Martinez AD, Gallo RL, Hata TR. Induction and exacerbation of psoriasis with Interferon-alpha therapy for hepatitis C: a review and analysis of 36 cases. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2013; 27:771-8. [PMID: 22671985 PMCID: PMC3443510 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2012.04582.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interferon-alpha (IFN-α) therapy is used to treat hepatitis C infection. The exacerbation and occurrence of psoriasis in hepatitis C patients treated with IFN-α is increasingly recognized, but the distinct associated features, aetiology and management have not been reviewed. OBJECTIVE To review all published cases of hepatitis C patients who developed psoriasis while receiving IFN-α therapy. METHODS The review was conducted by searching the PubMed database using the keywords 'hepatitis C' AND 'psoriasis.' In addition, references to additional publications not indexed for PubMed were followed to obtain a complete record of published data. RESULTS We identified 32 publications describing 36 subjects who developed a psoriatic eruption while receiving IFN-α therapy for hepatitis C. Topical therapies were a commonly employed treatment modality, but led to resolution in only 30% of cases in which they were employed solely. Cessation of IFN-α therapy led to resolution in 93% of cases. Hundred per cent of those who developed psoriasis while on IFN-α therapy responded to systemic therapy and were able to continue the drug. CONCLUSION Further studies and analysis of IFN-α-induced lesions are necessary to clarify the role of IFN-α and the hepatitis C virus in the development of psoriatic lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Afshar
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Afshar
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital & Research Center Oakland, 747 52nd street, Oakland CA 94609, USA.
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Afshar M, Melancon J, Hata T. Photoletter to the editor: Linear atrophoderma of Moulin progressing slowly over 46 years. J Dermatol Case Rep 2013; 6:125-6. [PMID: 23329993 DOI: 10.3315/jdcr.2012.1121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2012] [Accepted: 04/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Linear atrophoderma of Moulin is a rare acquired disorder arising most commonly during childhood or adolescence, occurring equally in both sexes and characterized by hyperpigmented atrophoderma in a unilateral bandlike distribution along the lines of Blaschko. Since Moulin et al described the condition in 1992, only a few dozen cases have been reported. It has been postulated that linear atrophoderma of Moulin may be due to mosaicism.A 66-year-old man pre-sen-ted with a 46-year his-to-ry of evol-ving tan soft atro-phic con-fluent plaques in a striking-ly Blasch-koid dis-tri-bu-tion, in-vol-ving the left up-per back, shoulder, up-per arm, chest and flank. Ini-tial on-set, at age 20, con-sis-ted of a single mildly pru-ritic pink patch on the left back that was un-res-pon-sive to topical anti-fun-gals. Each new le-sion arose simi-larly as a pink pru-ritic patch, sub-se-quent-ly be-co-ming de-pressed, hy-per-pig-men-ted, and asym-pto-ma-tic over se-ve-ral years. Le-sions were never scaly, firm, or indu-rated. Punch biopsy speci-mens were obtained. The clinical and histo-patho-lo-gi-cal features con-firmed the diagnosis of linear atrophoderma of moulin.Our present case has the characteristic clinical and histopathological features of linear atrophoderma of Moulin, but is the first reported case with mild pruritus at the onset of each new lesion and progressing slowly over 46 years. The lack of any systemic symptoms or other complications in our patient reaffirms the benign nature of this skin disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Afshar
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, USA
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Afshar M, Hall G, Mulatero C. 147 Lung cancer survival in different ethnic groups in Leeds: Results of a 16,000 patient population study. Lung Cancer 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(13)70147-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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