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Tessandier N, Uysal IB, Elie B, Selinger C, Bernat C, Boué V, Grasset S, Groc S, Rahmoun M, Reyné B, Bender N, Bonneau M, Graf C, Tribout V, Foulongne V, Ravel J, Waterboer T, Hirtz C, Bravo IG, Reynes J, Segondy M, Murall CL, Boulle N, Kamiya T, Alizon S. Does exposure to different types of menstrual protections affect the vaginal environment? Mol Ecol 2022; 32:2592-2601. [PMID: 36057782 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The vaginal ecosystem is a key component of women's health. It also represents an ideal system for ecologists to investigate the consequence of perturbations on species diversity and emerging properties between organisational levels. Here, we study how exposure to different types of menstrual protection products is linked to microbial, immunological, demographic, and behavioural measurements in a cohort of young adult women who reported using more often tampons (n = 107) or menstrual cups (n = 31). We first found that cup users were older and smoked less than tampon users. When analysing health indicators, we detected potential associations between cups use reporting and fungal genital infection. A multivariate analysis confirmed that, in our cohort, reporting using cups over tampons was associated with the higher odds ratio to report a fungal genital infection diagnosis by a medical doctor within the last 3 months. We did not detect significant differences between groups in terms of their bacterial vaginal microbiota composition and found marginal differences in the level of expression of 20 cytokines. However, a multivariate analysis of these biological data identified some level of clustering based on the type of menstrual production preferred (cups or tampons). These results suggest that exposure to different types of menstrual products could influence menstrual health. Larger studies and studies with a more powered setting are needed to assess the robustness of these associations and identify causal mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Tessandier
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), Coll`ege de France, CNRS, INSERM, Universit´e PSL, Paris, France.,MIVEGEC, CNRS, IRD, Universit´e de Montpellier, France
| | | | - Baptiste Elie
- MIVEGEC, CNRS, IRD, Universit´e de Montpellier, France
| | | | - Claire Bernat
- MIVEGEC, CNRS, IRD, Universit´e de Montpellier, France
| | - Vanina Boué
- MIVEGEC, CNRS, IRD, Universit´e de Montpellier, France
| | | | - Soraya Groc
- MIVEGEC, CNRS, IRD, Universit´e de Montpellier, France
| | | | - Bastien Reyné
- MIVEGEC, CNRS, IRD, Universit´e de Montpellier, France
| | - Noemi Bender
- Molecular Diagnostics of Oncogenic Infections, Infection, Inflammation and Cancer Program, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marine Bonneau
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Christelle Graf
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Vincent Tribout
- Center for Free Information, Screening and Diagnosis (CeGIDD), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de, Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Vincent Foulongne
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, Montpellier University, INSERM, EFS, Montpellier, France
| | - Jacques Ravel
- Institute for Genome Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tim Waterboer
- Molecular Diagnostics of Oncogenic Infections, Infection, Inflammation and Cancer Program, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christophe Hirtz
- LBPC/PPC- IRMB, CHU de Montpellier and Universit´e de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Jacques Reynes
- Infectious Diseases Departement, University Hospital Montpellier; INSERM U1175/Institut de, Recherche et de Developement, Unit´e Mixte International, Montpellier, France
| | - Michel Segondy
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, University of Montpellier, INSERM, EFS, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Carmen Lia Murall
- MIVEGEC, CNRS, IRD, Universit´e de Montpellier, France.,Department of Biological Sciences, Universit´e de Montr´eal, Montr´eal, Canada
| | - Nathalie Boulle
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, University of Montpellier, INSERM, EFS.,Departement of Pathology and Oncobiology, Laboratory of Solid Tumors, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Tsukushi Kamiya
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), Coll`ege de France, CNRS, INSERM, Universit´e PSL, Paris, France.,HRB Clinical Research Facility, National University of Ireland Galway, Ireland
| | - Samuel Alizon
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), Coll`ege de France, CNRS, INSERM, Universit´e PSL, Paris, France.,MIVEGEC, CNRS, IRD, Universit´e de Montpellier, France
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Uysal IB, Boué V, Murall CL, Graf C, Selinger C, Hirtz C, Bernat C, Ravel J, Reynes J, Bonneau M, Rahmoun M, Segondy M, Boulle N, Grasset S, Groc S, Waterboer T, Tribout V, Bravo IG, Burrel S, Foulongne V, Alizon S, Tessandier N. Concomitant and productive genital infections by HSV-2 and HPV in two young women: A case report. IDCases 2022; 30:e01604. [PMID: 36119756 PMCID: PMC9478384 DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2022.e01604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Human papillomaviruses (HPVs), the most oncogenic virus known to humans, are often associated with Herpes Simplex Virus-2 (HSV-2) infections. The involvement of the latter in cervical cancer is controversial but its long-term infections might modulate the mucosal microenvironment in a way that favors carcinogenesis. We know little about coinfections between HSV-2 and HPVs, and studying the immunological and microbiological dynamics in the early stages of these infections may help identify or rule out potential interactions. We report two cases of concomitant productive, although asymptomatic, HSV-2 and HPV infections in young women (aged 20 and 25). The women were followed up for approximately a year, with clinical visits every two months and weekly self-samples. We performed quantitative analyses of their HSV-2 and HPV viral loads, immunological responses (IgG and IgM antibodies and local cytokines expression profiles), vaginal microbiota composition, as well as demographic and behavior data. We detect interactions between virus loads, immune response, and the vaginal microbiota, which improve our understanding of HSV-2 and HPVs’ coinfections and calls for further investigation with larger cohorts.
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Murall CL, Rahmoun M, Selinger C, Baldellou M, Bernat C, Bonneau M, Boué V, Buisson M, Christophe G, D’Auria G, Taroni FD, Foulongne V, Froissart R, Graf C, Grasset S, Groc S, Hirtz C, Jaussent A, Lajoie J, Lorcy F, Picot E, Picot MC, Ravel J, Reynes J, Rousset T, Seddiki A, Teirlinck M, Tribout V, Tuaillon É, Waterboer T, Jacobs N, Bravo IG, Segondy M, Boulle N, Alizon S. Natural history, dynamics, and ecology of human papillomaviruses in genital infections of young women: protocol of the PAPCLEAR cohort study. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e025129. [PMID: 31189673 PMCID: PMC6576111 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are responsible for one-third of all cancers caused by infections. Most HPV studies focus on chronic infections and cancers, and we know little about the early stages of the infection. Our main objective is to better understand the course and natural history of cervical HPV infections in healthy, unvaccinated and vaccinated, young women, by characterising the dynamics of various infection-related populations (virus, epithelial cells, vaginal microbiota and immune effectors). Another objective is to analyse HPV diversity within hosts, and in the study population, in relation to co-factors (lifestyle characteristics, vaccination status, vaginal microbiota, human genetics). METHODS AND ANALYSIS The PAPCLEAR study is a single center longitudinal study following 150 women, aged 18-25 years, for up to 2 years. Visits occur every 2 or 4 months (depending on HPV status) during which several variables are measured, such as behaviours (via questionnaires), vaginal pH, HPV presence and viral load (via qPCR), local concentrations of cytokines (via MesoScale Discovery technology) and immune cells (via flow cytometry). Additional analyses are outsourced, such as titration of circulating anti-HPV antibodies, vaginal microbiota sequencing (16S and ITS1 loci) and human genotyping. To increase the statistical power of the epidemiological arm of the study, an additional 150 women are screened cross-sectionally. Finally, to maximise the resolution of the time series, participants are asked to perform weekly self-samples at home. Statistical analyses will involve classical tools in epidemiology, genomics and virus kinetics, and will be performed or coordinated by the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) in Montpellier. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This study has been approved by the Comité de Protection des Personnes Sud Méditerranée I (reference number 2016-A00712-49); by the Comité Consultatif sur le Traitement de l'Information en matière de Recherche dans le domaine de la Santé (reference number 16.504); by the Commission Nationale Informatique et Libertés (reference number MMS/ABD/AR1612278, decision number DR-2016-488) and by the Agence Nationale de Sécurité du Médicament et des Produits de Santé (reference 20160072000007). Results will be published in preprint servers, peer-reviewed journals and disseminated through conferences. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT02946346; Pre-results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Monique Baldellou
- Center for Free Information, Screening and Diagnosis (CGIDD), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Claire Bernat
- MIVEGEC (UMR 5290 CNRS, IRD, UM), CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Marine Bonneau
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Vanina Boué
- MIVEGEC (UMR 5290 CNRS, IRD, UM), CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Mathilde Buisson
- Department of Research and Innovation (DRI), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Guillaume Christophe
- Center for Free Information, Screening and Diagnosis (CGIDD), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Giuseppe D’Auria
- CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBEResp), Madrid, Spain
- Sequencing and Bioinformatics Service, Fundaciónpara el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de laComunidad Valenciana (FISABIO-Salud Pública), Valencia, Spain
| | - Florence De Taroni
- Center for Free Information, Screening and Diagnosis (CGIDD), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Vincent Foulongne
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, INSERM, CHU, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Department of Virology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Rémy Froissart
- MIVEGEC (UMR 5290 CNRS, IRD, UM), CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Christelle Graf
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Sophie Grasset
- MIVEGEC (UMR 5290 CNRS, IRD, UM), CNRS, Montpellier, France
- Center for Free Information, Screening and Diagnosis (CGIDD), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Soraya Groc
- MIVEGEC (UMR 5290 CNRS, IRD, UM), CNRS, Montpellier, France
- Department of Virology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Christophe Hirtz
- LBPC/PPC- IRMB, CHU de Montpellier and Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Audrey Jaussent
- Department of Medical Information (DIM), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Julie Lajoie
- Department of Medical microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Frédérique Lorcy
- Department of pathology and oncobiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Eric Picot
- Center for Free Information, Screening and Diagnosis (CGIDD), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Marie-Christine Picot
- Department of Medical Information (DIM), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Jacques Ravel
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jacques Reynes
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Thérèse Rousset
- Department of pathology and oncobiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Aziza Seddiki
- Department of Research and Innovation (DRI), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Martine Teirlinck
- Center for Free Information, Screening and Diagnosis (CGIDD), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Vincent Tribout
- Center for Free Information, Screening and Diagnosis (CGIDD), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Édouard Tuaillon
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, INSERM, CHU, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Department of Virology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Tim Waterboer
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nathalie Jacobs
- GIGA-Research, Cellular and molecular immunology, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | | | - Michel Segondy
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, INSERM, CHU, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Department of Virology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Nathalie Boulle
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, INSERM, CHU, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Department of pathology and oncobiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Samuel Alizon
- MIVEGEC (UMR 5290 CNRS, IRD, UM), CNRS, Montpellier, France
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Rahmoun M, Lavery R, Laurent-Chaballier S, Bellora N, Philip GK, Rossitto M, Symon A, Pailhoux E, Cammas F, Chung J, Bagheri-Fam S, Murphy M, Bardwell V, Zarkower D, Boizet-Bonhoure B, Clair P, Harley VR, Poulat F. In mammalian foetal testes, SOX9 regulates expression of its target genes by binding to genomic regions with conserved signatures. Nucleic Acids Res 2017; 45:7191-7211. [PMID: 28472341 PMCID: PMC5499551 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkx328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In mammalian embryonic gonads, SOX9 is required for the determination of Sertoli cells that orchestrate testis morphogenesis. To identify genetic networks directly regulated by SOX9, we combined analysis of SOX9-bound chromatin regions from murine and bovine foetal testes with sequencing of RNA samples from mouse testes lacking Sox9. We found that SOX9 controls a conserved genetic programme that involves most of the sex-determining genes. In foetal testes, SOX9 modulates both transcription and directly or indirectly sex-specific differential splicing of its target genes through binding to genomic regions with sequence motifs that are conserved among mammals and that we called ‘Sertoli Cell Signature’ (SCS). The SCS is characterized by a precise organization of binding motifs for the Sertoli cell reprogramming factors SOX9, GATA4 and DMRT1. As SOX9 biological role in mammalian gonads is to determine Sertoli cells, we correlated this genomic signature with the presence of SOX9 on chromatin in foetal testes, therefore equating this signature to a genomic bar code of the fate of foetal Sertoli cells. Starting from the hypothesis that nuclear factors that bind to genomic regions with SCS could functionally interact with SOX9, we identified TRIM28 as a new SOX9 partner in foetal testes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massilva Rahmoun
- Institute of Human Genetics, CNRS-University of Montpellier UMR9002, 34396 Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - Rowena Lavery
- The Hudson Institute of Medical Research and Department of Anatomy, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sabine Laurent-Chaballier
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, IRCM, INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier F-34298, France
| | - Nicolas Bellora
- Instituto Andino Patagónico de Tecnologías Biológicas y Geoambientales (IPATEC), Universidad Nacional del Comahue - CONICET, Bariloche, Argentina
| | - Gayle K Philip
- VLSCI, LAB-14, 700 Swanston Street, Carlton 3053, Victoria, Australia
| | - Moïra Rossitto
- Institute of Human Genetics, CNRS-University of Montpellier UMR9002, 34396 Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - Aleisha Symon
- The Hudson Institute of Medical Research and Department of Anatomy, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Eric Pailhoux
- INRA Biologie du Développement et Reproduction, Domaine de Vilvert, 78352 Jouy-en-Josas Cedex, France
| | - Florence Cammas
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, IRCM, INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier F-34298, France
| | - Jessica Chung
- VLSCI, LAB-14, 700 Swanston Street, Carlton 3053, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stefan Bagheri-Fam
- The Hudson Institute of Medical Research and Department of Anatomy, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Mark Murphy
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, 6-160 Jackson hall, 321 Church St, SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Vivian Bardwell
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, 6-160 Jackson hall, 321 Church St, SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - David Zarkower
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, 6-160 Jackson hall, 321 Church St, SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Brigitte Boizet-Bonhoure
- Institute of Human Genetics, CNRS-University of Montpellier UMR9002, 34396 Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - Philippe Clair
- University of Montpellier, Montpellier GenomiX, bat 24, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - Vincent R Harley
- The Hudson Institute of Medical Research and Department of Anatomy, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Francis Poulat
- Institute of Human Genetics, CNRS-University of Montpellier UMR9002, 34396 Montpellier cedex 5, France
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Chandrabos C, M'Homa Soudja S, Weinrick B, Gros M, Frangaj A, Rahmoun M, Jacobs WR, Lauvau G. The p60 and NamA autolysins from Listeria monocytogenes contribute to host colonization and induction of protective memory. Cell Microbiol 2014; 17:147-63. [PMID: 25225110 PMCID: PMC4457399 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.12362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2013] [Revised: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Inducing long-term protective memory CD8(+) T-cells is a desirable goal for vaccines against intracellular pathogens. However, the mechanisms of differentiation of CD8(+) T-cells into long-lived memory cells capable of mediating protection of immunized hosts remain incompletely understood. We have developed an experimental system using mice immunized with wild type (WT) or mutants of the intracellular bacterium Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) that either do or do not develop protective memory CD8(+) T-cells. We previously reported that mice immunized with Lm lacking functional SecA2, an auxiliary secretion system of gram-positive bacteria, did not differentiate functional memory CD8(+) T-cells that protected against a challenge infection with WT Lm. Herein we hypothesized that the p60 and NamA autolysins of Lm, which are major substrates of the SecA2 pathway, account for this phenotype. We generated Lm genetically deficient for genes encoding for the p60 and NamA proteins, ΔiapΔmurA Lm, and further characterized this mutant. Δp60ΔNamA Lm exhibited a strong filamentous phenotype, inefficiently colonized host tissues, and grew mostly outside cells. When Δp60ΔNamA Lm was made single unit, cell invasion was restored to WT levels during vaccination, yet induced memory T-cells still did not protect immunized hosts against recall infection. Recruitment of blood phagocytes and antigen-presenting cell activation was close to that of mice immunized with ΔActA Lm, which develop protective memory. However, key inflammatory factors involved in optimal T-cell programming such as IL-12 and type I IFN (IFN-I) were lacking, suggesting that cytokine signals may largely account for the observed phenotype. Thus, altogether, these results establish that p60 and NamA secreted by Lm promote primary host cell invasion, the inflammatory response and the differentiation of functional memory CD8(+) T-cells, by preventing Lm filamentation during growth and subsequent triggering of innate sensing mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceena Chandrabos
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
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Saunders PA, Perez J, Rahmoun M, Ronce O, Crochet PA, Veyrunes F. XY females do better than the XX in the African pygmy mouse, Mus minutoides. Evolution 2014; 68:2119-27. [PMID: 24611447 DOI: 10.1111/evo.12387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2013] [Accepted: 02/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
All therian mammals have a similar XY/XX sex-determination system except for a dozen species. The African pygmy mouse, Mus minutoides, harbors an unconventional system in which all males are XY, and there are three types of females: the usual XX but also XX* and X*Y ones (the asterisk designates a sex-reversal mutation on the X chromosome). The long-term evolution of such a system is a paradox, because X*Y females are expected to face high reproductive costs (e.g., meiotic disruption and loss of unviable YY embryos), which should prevent invasion and maintenance of a sex-reversal mutation. Hence, mechanisms for compensating for the costs could have evolved in M. minutoides. Data gathered from our laboratory colony revealed that X*Y females do compensate and even show enhanced reproductive performance in comparison to the XX and XX*; they produce significantly more offspring due to (i) a higher probability of breeding, (ii) an earlier first litter, and (iii) a larger litter size, linked to (iv) a greater ovulation rate. These findings confirm that rare conditions are needed for an atypical sex-determination mechanism to evolve in mammals, and provide valuable insight into understanding modifications of systems with highly heteromorphic sex chromosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A Saunders
- Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier, UMR 5554, Université Montpellier II, Montpellier, France.
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7
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Rahmoun M, Perez J, Saunders PA, Boizet-Bonhoure B, Wilhelm D, Poulat F, Veyrunes F. Anatomical and Molecular Analyses of XY Ovaries from the African Pygmy MouseMus minutoides. Sex Dev 2014; 8:356-63. [DOI: 10.1159/000368664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Rebiahi SA, Abdelouahid DE, Rahmoun M, Abdelali S, Azzaoui H. Emergence of vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus identified in the Tlemcen university hospital (North-West Algeria). Med Mal Infect 2011; 41:646-51. [PMID: 22033230 DOI: 10.1016/j.medmal.2011.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2011] [Revised: 07/17/2011] [Accepted: 09/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Nosocomial infections are a matter of concern in surgical wards. Their incidence is constantly increasing, especially among immunocompromised patients who are vulnerable to colonization by opportunistic pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus. The bacterium accumulates resistance mechanisms against antibiotics such as vancomycin. The objective of our study was to explore this resistance, to screen for Staphylococcus aureus strains resistant to vancomycin, and to try various antibiotic combinations against these strains. PATIENTS AND METHODS The antibiotic susceptibility of 220 S. aureus strains was determined by agar diffusion and evaluation of minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs), by dilution technique on solid medium according to clinical and laboratory standard institute (CLSI) standards. The screening of strains resistant to vancomycin was performed on brain heart infusion agar medium, supplemented with 6μg/mL of vancomycin according to CLSI standards, and confirmed by determining MICs. The effectiveness of various antibiotic combinations was assessed by the checkerboard microplate method. RESULTS The results show multidrug resistance to agents known for their antistaphylococcal activity with fluctuations in the level of resistance. CONCLUSION Three strains proved resistant to vancomycin. The vancomycin/gentamycin combination was the most effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Rebiahi
- Laboratoire de microbiologie appliquée à l'agroalimentaire, au biomédical et à l'environnement, (LAMAABE), université Abou-Bekr-Belkaid, Tlemcen, Algeria
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Rahmoun M, Molès JP, Pedretti N, Mathieu M, Fremaux I, Raison-Peyron N, Lecron JC, Yssel H, Pène J. Cytokine-induced CEACAM1 expression on keratinocytes is characteristic for psoriatic skin and contributes to a prolonged lifespan of neutrophils. J Invest Dermatol 2008; 129:671-81. [PMID: 18843289 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2008.303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cellular adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1) is a cell-surface glycoprotein, belonging to the carcinoembryonic antigen family, expressed by human neutrophils, epithelial cells, activated T and NK cells. CEACAM1 is expressed as a cell-surface molecule with different isoforms or can be secreted as a soluble protein. Here, we show that keratinocytes in the outer epidermal layer of psoriatic skin express CEACAM1, unlike those in healthy skin or in cutaneous lesions of patients with atopic or nummular dermatitis. Stimulation of primary human keratinocytes or in vitro reconstituted epidermis with culture supernatants of activated psoriatic lesion-infiltrating T cells, IFN-gamma or oncostatin M, but not IL-17, induced the expression of transcripts for the CEACAM1-long and -short isoforms and cell-surface CEACAM1, whereas soluble CEACAM1 was not produced. The uppermost layers of the epidermis in psoriatic lesions also contain neutrophils, a cell type with inflammatory and antimicrobial properties. Coculture of CEACAM1-expressing keratinocytes or CHO transfectants with neutrophils delayed spontaneous apoptosis of the latter cells. These results show that cytokine-induced cell-surface expression of CEACAM1 by keratinocytes in the context of a psoriatic environment might contribute to the persistence of neutrophils and thus to ongoing inflammation and the decreased propensity for skin infection, typical for patients with psoriasis.
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Touboul E, Huguet F, Cojocariu OM, Toledano A, Deluen F, Le Nagat S, Rahmoun M, Foulquier JN. Imagerie fonctionnelle et métabolique en radiothérapie. ONCOLOGIE 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s10269-007-0614-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Touboul E, Huguet F, Foulquier JN, Toledano A, Deluen F, Rahmoun M, Cojocariu OM, Le Nagat S. [Progress in radiation therapy and integration in Tenon hospital (AP-HP) of new advances in routine practices of radiotherapy for non-small-cell lung cancer]. Rev Pneumol Clin 2007; 63:211-22. [PMID: 17675945 DOI: 10.1016/s0761-8417(07)90126-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Much progress has been made in recent years in administration modalities for external radiotherapy of non-small-cell lung carcinoma. Three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy with or without intensity modulation, with respiratory gated radio-therapy (4D radiotherapy), and image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) can be considered as a third revolution in radiation therapy after total dose fractionation and the development of megavoltage radiation therapy equipment. We describe progress in the three-dimensional radiotherapy technique and the integration of this technique in the department of Radiation Oncology at Tenon hospital (AP-HP).
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MESH Headings
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/radiotherapy
- Dose Fractionation, Radiation
- Humans
- Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
- Imaging, Three-Dimensional
- Lung Neoplasms/radiotherapy
- Radiosurgery
- Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted
- Radiotherapy, Computer-Assisted
- Radiotherapy, Conformal
- Radiotherapy, High-Energy
- Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated
- Technology, Radiologic
- Tomography, Spiral Computed
- User-Computer Interface
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Affiliation(s)
- E Touboul
- Service d'Oncologie-Radiothérapie, Hôpital Tenon, AP-HP, 4, rue de la Chine, 75970 Paris Cedex 20; Cancer-Est, GHU Est, Université P.-et-M.-Curie - Paris IV.
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Stoebner PE, Rahmoun M, Ferrand C, Meunier L, Yssel H, Pène J. A single sub-erythematous exposure of solar-simulated radiation on the elicitation phase of contact hypersensitivity induces IL-10-producing T-regulatory cells in human skin. Exp Dermatol 2006; 15:615-24. [PMID: 16842600 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2006.00452.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation has hazardous effects on human health that are, in part, associated with its immunosuppressive effects via the induction of interleukin (IL)-10 production. Although IL-10 is produced by both T helper type 2 (Th2) cells and T-regulatory type 1 (Tr1) cells, the relative contribution of either subset in UV radiation-induced immunosuppression has not been established. Here, we show that T cells isolated from non-treated allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) reactions, 48 h following nickel challenge and propagated for 7-10 days in the presence of IL-2, were mainly CD4(+) and produced IL-10, but little interferon-gamma. A single sub-erythematous solar-simulated radiation (SSR) prior to antigen challenge exposure resulted in a clinical attenuation of the intensity of ACD reactions which was associated with a significant increase in both the magnitude of IL-10 production by skin-infiltrating T cells and the frequency of IL-10-producing Tr1 cells. Skin-infiltrating T cells in SSR-exposed, as well as non-exposed, ACD reactions showed a perturbed T-cell receptor (TCR)-Vbeta repertoire, without overexpression of a particular TCR-Vbeta gene product, indicating the presence of high frequencies of nickel non-specific T cells in ACD reactions. These results show that a single sub-erythematous SSR induces immunosuppression via the cutaneous infiltration of IL-10-producing Tr1, and to a lesser extent, Th2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre E Stoebner
- UMR5810, Faculté de Pharmacie, Montpellier et Département de Dermatologie, CHU, Nîmes, France
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Rahmoun M, Foussat A, Groux H, Pène J, Yssel H, Chanez P. Enhanced frequency of CD18- and CD49b-expressing T cells in peripheral blood of asthmatic patients correlates with disease severity. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2006; 140:139-49. [PMID: 16601351 DOI: 10.1159/000092533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2005] [Accepted: 01/10/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Results from a transcriptome analysis of human CD4+ T regulatory type 1 (Tr1) clones have indicated that transcripts for the integrins CD18 and CD49b are overexpressed in these cells. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the presence of T cells concomitantly expressing these molecules could be detected in asthmatic patients and represent Tr1 cells. METHODS Expression of CD18 and CD49b was analyzed by flow cytometry on peripheral blood mononuclear cells from asthmatic patients of various severity and healthy subjects. The cytokine production profile of purified CD4+ CD18(high) CD49b+ T cells was analyzed by ELISA. The effect of glucocorticoid treatment on the expression of CD18 and CD49b was determined. RESULTS The frequency of peripheral blood CD18(high) CD49b+ T cells was significantly elevated in severe asthmatic patients, as compared with both mild asthmatic and healthy donors, and was diminished in asthmatic patients with a controlled status of the disease. Neither short-course oral glucocorticoid treatment of asthmatic patients ex vivo, nor culture of their peripheral blood mononuclear cells with dexamethasone in vitro, increased the frequency of CD18(high) CD49b+ T cells, indicating that their presence seems to be independent from recent anti-inflammatory treatment. However, purified CD4+ CD18(high) CD49b+ T cells from these patients, in contrast to those from healthy donors, lacked the production of the immunosuppressive cytokine interleukin-10. CONCLUSION In contrast to healthy donors, peripheral blood CD18(high) CD49b+ T cells of asthmatic patients do not fulfill the phenotypic criteria of Tr1 cells. Nevertheless, the presence of elevated numbers of peripheral blood CD18(high) CD49b+ T cells is characteristic for patients with severe and uncontrolled asthma.
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Pène J, Rahmoun M, Temmerman S, Yssel H. Use of anti-CD3/CD28 mAb coupled magnetic beads permitting subsequent phenotypic analysis of activated human T cells by indirect immunofluorescence. J Immunol Methods 2003; 283:59-66. [PMID: 14659899 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2003.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Functional analysis of T lymphocytes requires in vitro stimulation of these cells under experimental conditions that mimic as closely as possible physiological in vivo stimulation and that involve antigen/T cell receptor (TCR)-mediated activation. Because of the low frequency of antigen-specific T cells in human clinical samples, stimulation with a combination of anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) is a preferred method. Interaction of these mAbs with their ligand results in modulation of the mAb-ligand complex from the cell surface. However, as a result of incomplete modulation, CD3/CD28 mAb complexes often remain at the cell surface, thereby precluding subsequent indirect immunofluorescence and flow cytometry analysis using mouse immunoglobulin (Ig)-specific antibodies. This is of importance in situations in which no specific fluorochrome-conjugated mAbs are available, such as in screening procedures of Ig-containing hybridoma culture supernatants. We propose here the use of CD3/CD28 mAbs, linked to magnetic beads allowing standardization of the activation conditions, optimal activation of T cells and complete modulation of antigen-antibody complexes from the cell surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Pène
- INSERM U454, CHU Arnaud de Villeneuve, 371 Avenue Doyen Gaston Giraud, 34295 Cedex 5, Montpellier, France
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