1
|
Jacques C, Marchand F, Chatelais M, Albinet V, Coustal C, Floris I. The Micro-Immunotherapy Medicine 2LPAPI ® Displays Immune-Modulatory Effects in a Model of Human Papillomavirus Type-16 L1-Protein Capsid-Treated Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and Antiproliferative Effects in a Model of Cervical Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1421. [PMID: 38611099 PMCID: PMC11010933 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16071421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the second most common infectious agent causing cancer. Persistent infection with high-risk (HR)-HPV can lead to cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia and cervical carcinomas (CC). While host immune response is necessary for viral clearance, chronic immune activation contributes to a low-grade inflammation that can ultimately lead to carcinogenesis. The micro-immunotherapy medicine (MIM) 2LPAPI® could be a valuable tool to manage the clearance of the virus and reduce the risk of developing CC. In this in vitro study, we aimed to investigate its mode of action. We showed that actives from the MIM increased the IL-6, IFN-γ, and IP-10 secretion in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) exposed to peptides derived from the HPV-16 capsid (HPV16(L1)). This could reflect an increase in the immune activity toward HPV-16. At the same time, some active substances reduced the lympho-proliferation and the expression of T-cell activation markers. Finally, some of the MIM actives displayed antiproliferative effects in CC-derived HeLa cells under serum-starvation conditions. Altogether, this body of data highlighted for the first time the dual effect of MIM in the framework of HR-HPV infections as a potential (i) immune modulator of HPV16(L1)-treated PBMCs and (ii) antiproliferative agent of HPV-positive CC cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camille Jacques
- Preclinical Research Department, Labo’Life France, Pescalis-Les Magnys, 79320 Moncoutant-sur-Sevre, France;
| | - Flora Marchand
- ProfileHIT, 7 rue du Buisson, 44680 Sainte-Pazanne, France; (F.M.); (M.C.)
| | - Mathias Chatelais
- ProfileHIT, 7 rue du Buisson, 44680 Sainte-Pazanne, France; (F.M.); (M.C.)
| | - Virginie Albinet
- Imavita S.A.S., Canal Biotech 1&2, 3 rue des Satellites, Parc Technologique du Canal, 31400 Toulouse, France; (V.A.); (C.C.)
| | - Claire Coustal
- Imavita S.A.S., Canal Biotech 1&2, 3 rue des Satellites, Parc Technologique du Canal, 31400 Toulouse, France; (V.A.); (C.C.)
| | - Ilaria Floris
- Preclinical Research Department, Labo’Life France, Pescalis-Les Magnys, 79320 Moncoutant-sur-Sevre, France;
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jacques C, Marchand F, Chatelais M, Floris I. Actives from the Micro-Immunotherapy Medicine 2LMIREG ® Reduce the Expression of Cytokines and Immune-Related Markers Including Interleukin-2 and HLA-II While Modulating Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Function. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:1161-1181. [PMID: 38406323 PMCID: PMC10894519 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s445053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Micro-immunotherapy (MI) is a therapeutic option employing low doses (LD) and ultra-low doses (ULD) of cytokines and immune factors to help the organism at modulating the immune responses. In an overpowering inflammatory context, this strategy may support the restoration of the body's homeostasis, as the active ingredients of MI medicines' (MIM) could boost or slow down the physiological functions of the immune cells. The aim of the study is to evaluate for the first time the in vitro anti-inflammatory properties of some actives employed by the MIM of interest in several human immune cell models. Methods In the first part of the study, the effects of the actives from the MIM of interest were assessed from a molecular standpoint: the expression of HLA-II, interleukin (IL)-2, and the secretion of several other cytokines were evaluated. In addition, as mitochondrial metabolism is also involved in the inflammatory processes, the second part of the study aimed at assessing the effects of these actives on the mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and on the mitochondrial membrane potential. Results We showed that the tested actives decreased the expression of HLA-DR and HLA-DP in IFN-γ-stimulated endothelial cells and in LPS-treated-M1-macrophages. The tested MIM slightly reduced the intracellular expression of IL-2 in CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells isolated from PMA/Iono-stimulated human PBMCs. Additionally, while the secretion of IL-2, IL-10, and IFN-γ was diminished, the treatment increased IL-6, IL-9, and IL-17A, which may correspond to a "Th17-like" secretory pattern. Interestingly, in PMA/Iono-treated PBMCs, we reported that the treatment reduced the ROS production in B-cells. Finally, in PMA/Iono-treated human macrophages, we showed that the treatment slightly protected the cells from early cell death/apoptosis. Discussion Overall, these results provide data about the molecular and functional anti-inflammatory effects of several actives contained in the tested MIM in immune-related cells, and their impact on two mitochondria-related processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camille Jacques
- Preclinical Research Department, Labo’Life France, Pescalis-Les Magnys, Moncoutant-sur-Sevre, 79320, France
| | | | | | - Ilaria Floris
- Preclinical Research Department, Labo’Life France, Pescalis-Les Magnys, Moncoutant-sur-Sevre, 79320, France
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jacques C, Marchand F, Chatelais M, Brulefert A, Floris I. Understanding the Mode of Action of a Micro-Immunotherapy Formulation: Pre-Clinical Evidence from the Study of 2LEBV ® Active Ingredients. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:102. [PMID: 38255717 PMCID: PMC10821216 DOI: 10.3390/life14010102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is often kept silent and asymptomatic; however, its reactivation induces a chronic and/or recurrent infection that is associated with numerous diseases, including cancer and inflammation-related disorders. As no specific treatment is currently available, the immune factors-based micro-immunotherapy (MI) medicine 2LEBV® could be considered a valuable therapeutic option to sustain the immune system in EBV reactivation. METHODS The present work aimed to investigate, for the first time, the effect of 2LEBV® in several in vitro models of uninfected immune-related cells. RESULTS 2LEBV® displayed phagocytosis-enhancing capabilities in granulocytes. In human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), it increased the intra- and extra-cellular expression of interleukin (IL)-2. Moreover, it modulated the secretion of other cytokines, increasing IL-4, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α levels or lowering other cytokines levels such as IL-9. Finally, 2LEBV® reduced the expression of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-II in endothelial cells and macrophages. CONCLUSIONS Although these data are still preliminary and the chosen models do not consider the underlying EBV-reactivation mechanisms, they still provide a better understanding of the mechanisms of action of 2LEBV®, both at functional and molecular levels. Furthermore, they open perspectives regarding the potential targets of 2LEBV® in its employment as a therapeutic intervention for EBV-associated diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camille Jacques
- Pre-Clinical Research Department, Labo’Life France, Pescalis-Les Magnys, 79320 Moncoutant-sur-Sevre, France;
| | - Flora Marchand
- ProfileHIT, 7 rue du Buisson, 44680 Sainte-Pazanne, France; (F.M.); (M.C.)
| | - Mathias Chatelais
- ProfileHIT, 7 rue du Buisson, 44680 Sainte-Pazanne, France; (F.M.); (M.C.)
| | - Adrien Brulefert
- QIMA Life Sciences, 1 bis rue des Plantes—CS 50011, 86160 Gençay, France;
| | - Ilaria Floris
- Pre-Clinical Research Department, Labo’Life France, Pescalis-Les Magnys, 79320 Moncoutant-sur-Sevre, France;
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cadé M, Muñoz-Garcia J, Babuty A, Paré L, Cochonneau D, Fekir K, Chatelais M, Heymann MF, Lokajczyk A, Boisson-Vidal C, Heymann D. FVIII regulates the molecular profile of endothelial cells: functional impact on the blood barrier and macrophage behavior. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:145. [PMID: 35190870 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04178-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hemophilia A is an inherited X-linked recessive bleeding disorder caused by deficient activity of blood coagulation factor VIII (FVIII). In addition, hemophilia patients show associated diseases including osteopenia, altered inflammation and vascular fragility which may represent the consequence of recurrent bleeding or may be related to the direct FVIII deficiency. Nowadays, recombinant FVIII is proposed to treat hemophilia patients with no circulating FVIII inhibitor. Initially described as a coenzyme to factor IXa for initiating thrombin generation, there is emerging evidence that FVIII is involved in multiple biological systems, including bone, vascular and immune systems. The present study investigated: (i) the functional activities of recombinant human FVIII (rFVIII) on endothelial cells, and (ii) the impact of rFVIII activities on the functional interactions of human monocytes and endothelial cells. We then investigated whether rFVIII had a direct effect on the adhesion of monocytes to the endothelium under physiological flow conditions. We observed that direct biological activities for rFVIII in endothelial cells were characterized by: (i) a decrease in endothelial cell adhesion to the underlying extracellular matrix; (ii) regulation of the transcriptomic and protein profiles of endothelial cells; (iii) an increase in the vascular tubes formed and vascular permeability in vitro; and (iv) an increase in monocyte adhesion activated endothelium and transendothelial migration. By regulating vascular permeability plus leukocyte adhesion and transendothelial migration, the present work highlights new biological functions for FVIII.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Cadé
- Nantes Université, CNRS, US2B, UMR 6286, 44000, Nantes, France.,Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, "Tumor Heterogeneity and Precision Medicine" Laboratory, Blvd Jacques Monod, 44805, Saint-Herblain cedex, France
| | - Javier Muñoz-Garcia
- Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, "Tumor Heterogeneity and Precision Medicine" Laboratory, Blvd Jacques Monod, 44805, Saint-Herblain cedex, France
| | - Antoine Babuty
- Nantes Université, CNRS, US2B, UMR 6286, 44000, Nantes, France.,Department of Hemostasis, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Louis Paré
- Université de Paris, CNRS, Institut Jacques Monod, UMR 7592, Paris, France
| | - Denis Cochonneau
- Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, "Tumor Heterogeneity and Precision Medicine" Laboratory, Blvd Jacques Monod, 44805, Saint-Herblain cedex, France
| | | | | | - Marie-Françoise Heymann
- Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, "Tumor Heterogeneity and Precision Medicine" Laboratory, Blvd Jacques Monod, 44805, Saint-Herblain cedex, France
| | | | | | - Dominique Heymann
- Nantes Université, CNRS, US2B, UMR 6286, 44000, Nantes, France. .,Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, "Tumor Heterogeneity and Precision Medicine" Laboratory, Blvd Jacques Monod, 44805, Saint-Herblain cedex, France. .,Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Guiho R, Biteau K, Grisendi G, Chatelais M, Brion R, Taurelle J, Renault S, Heymann D, Dominici M, Redini F. In vitro and in vivo discrepancy in inducing apoptosis by mesenchymal stromal cells delivering membrane-bound tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis inducing ligand in osteosarcoma pre-clinical models. Cytotherapy 2018; 20:1037-1045. [PMID: 30093324 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2018.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most frequent pediatric malignant bone tumor. OS patients have not seen any major therapeutic progress in the last 30 years, in particular in the case of metastatic disease, which requires new therapeutic strategies. The pro-apoptotic cytokine Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-Related Apoptosis Inducing Ligand (TRAIL) can selectively kill tumor cells while sparing normal cells, making it a promising therapeutic tool in several types of cancer. However, many OS cell lines appear resistant to recombinant human (rh)TRAIL-induced apoptosis. We, therefore, hypothesized that TRAIL presentation at the membrane level of carrier cells might overcome this resistance and trigger apoptosis. METHODS To address this, human adipose mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) transfected in a stable manner to express membrane-bound full-length human TRAIL (mbTRAIL) were co-cultured with several human OS cell lines. RESULTS This induced apoptosis by cell-to-cell contact even in cell lines initially resistant to rhTRAIL. In contrast, mbTRAIL delivered by MSCs was not able to counteract tumor progression in this OS orthotopic model. DISCUSSION This was partly due to the fact that MSCs showed a potential to support tumor development. Moreover, the expression of mbTRAIL did not show caspase activation in adjacent tumor cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Romain Guiho
- Sarcomes osseux et remodelage des tissus calcifiés, Université Bretagne Loire, INSERM, Nantes, France; Birth Defects Research Centre, Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Kevin Biteau
- Sarcomes osseux et remodelage des tissus calcifiés, Université Bretagne Loire, INSERM, Nantes, France
| | - Giulia Grisendi
- Laboratory of Cellular Therapy, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Mathias Chatelais
- Sarcomes osseux et remodelage des tissus calcifiés, Université Bretagne Loire, INSERM, Nantes, France
| | - Regis Brion
- Sarcomes osseux et remodelage des tissus calcifiés, Université Bretagne Loire, INSERM, Nantes, France
| | - Julien Taurelle
- Sarcomes osseux et remodelage des tissus calcifiés, Université Bretagne Loire, INSERM, Nantes, France
| | - Sarah Renault
- Sarcomes osseux et remodelage des tissus calcifiés, Université Bretagne Loire, INSERM, Nantes, France
| | - Dominique Heymann
- Hétérogénéité Tumorale et Médecine de Précision, INSERM, Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, Site René Gauducheau, Saint-Herblain, France; Laboratoire Européen Associé "Sarcoma Research Unit", INSERM/University of Nantes/University of Sheffield, Medical School, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, UK
| | - Massimo Dominici
- Laboratory of Cellular Therapy, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Françoise Redini
- Sarcomes osseux et remodelage des tissus calcifiés, Université Bretagne Loire, INSERM, Nantes, France.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Espitia O, Chatelais M, Steenman M, Charrier C, Maurel B, Georges S, Houlgatte R, Verrecchia F, Ory B, Lamoureux F, Heymann D, Gouëffic Y, Quillard T. Implication of molecular vascular smooth muscle cell heterogeneity among arterial beds in arterial calcification. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191976. [PMID: 29373585 PMCID: PMC5786328 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification is a strong and independent predictive factor for cardiovascular complications and mortality. Our previous work identified important discrepancies in plaque composition and calcification types between carotid and femoral arteries. The objective of this study is to further characterize and understand the heterogeneity in vascular calcification among vascular beds, and to identify molecular mechanisms underlying this process. We established ECLAGEN biocollection that encompasses human atherosclerotic lesions and healthy arteries from different locations (abdominal, thoracic aorta, carotid, femoral, and infrapopliteal arteries) for histological, cell isolation, and transcriptomic analysis. Our results show that lesion composition differs between these locations. Femoral arteries are the most calcified arteries overall. They develop denser calcifications (sheet-like, nodule), and are highly susceptible to osteoid metaplasia. These discrepancies may derive from intrinsic differences between SMCs originating from these locations, as microarray analysis showed specific transcriptomic profiles between primary SMCs isolated from each arterial bed. These molecular differences translated into functional disparities. SMC from femoral arteries showed the highest propensity to mineralize due to an increase in basal TGFβ signaling. Our results suggest that biological heterogeneity of resident vascular cells between arterial beds, reflected by our transcriptomic analysis, is critical in understanding plaque biology and calcification, and may have strong implications in vascular therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Espitia
- INSERM, UMR 1238, Nantes, France; Université de Nantes, Nantes Atlantique Universités, Laboratoire « Sarcome osseux et remodelage des tissus osseux calcifiés », Faculté de Médecine, Nantes, France
- CHU Hôtel Dieu, Nantes, France
| | - Mathias Chatelais
- INSERM, UMR 1238, Nantes, France; Université de Nantes, Nantes Atlantique Universités, Laboratoire « Sarcome osseux et remodelage des tissus osseux calcifiés », Faculté de Médecine, Nantes, France
| | - Marja Steenman
- Institut du Thorax, Inserm UMR1087, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Nantes, Nantes Atlantique Universités, Nantes, France
| | - Céline Charrier
- INSERM, UMR 1238, Nantes, France; Université de Nantes, Nantes Atlantique Universités, Laboratoire « Sarcome osseux et remodelage des tissus osseux calcifiés », Faculté de Médecine, Nantes, France
| | - Blandine Maurel
- INSERM, UMR 1238, Nantes, France; Université de Nantes, Nantes Atlantique Universités, Laboratoire « Sarcome osseux et remodelage des tissus osseux calcifiés », Faculté de Médecine, Nantes, France
- CHU Hôtel Dieu, Nantes, France
| | - Steven Georges
- INSERM, UMR 1238, Nantes, France; Université de Nantes, Nantes Atlantique Universités, Laboratoire « Sarcome osseux et remodelage des tissus osseux calcifiés », Faculté de Médecine, Nantes, France
| | - Rémi Houlgatte
- Inserm U954, Faculty of Medicine, Nancy, France, DRCI, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - Franck Verrecchia
- INSERM, UMR 1238, Nantes, France; Université de Nantes, Nantes Atlantique Universités, Laboratoire « Sarcome osseux et remodelage des tissus osseux calcifiés », Faculté de Médecine, Nantes, France
| | - Benjamin Ory
- INSERM, UMR 1238, Nantes, France; Université de Nantes, Nantes Atlantique Universités, Laboratoire « Sarcome osseux et remodelage des tissus osseux calcifiés », Faculté de Médecine, Nantes, France
| | - François Lamoureux
- INSERM, UMR 1238, Nantes, France; Université de Nantes, Nantes Atlantique Universités, Laboratoire « Sarcome osseux et remodelage des tissus osseux calcifiés », Faculté de Médecine, Nantes, France
| | - Dominique Heymann
- Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, site René Gauducheau, Boulevard Professeur Jacques Monod, Saint-Herblain, France
- University of Sheffield, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, INSERM, European Associated Laboratory “Sarcoma Research Unit”, Medical School, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- University of Nantes, Faculty of Medicine, Nantes, France
| | - Yann Gouëffic
- INSERM, UMR 1238, Nantes, France; Université de Nantes, Nantes Atlantique Universités, Laboratoire « Sarcome osseux et remodelage des tissus osseux calcifiés », Faculté de Médecine, Nantes, France
- CHU Hôtel Dieu, Nantes, France
| | - Thibaut Quillard
- INSERM, UMR 1238, Nantes, France; Université de Nantes, Nantes Atlantique Universités, Laboratoire « Sarcome osseux et remodelage des tissus osseux calcifiés », Faculté de Médecine, Nantes, France
- CHU Hôtel Dieu, Nantes, France
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Guiho R, Biteau K, Grisendi G, Taurelle J, Chatelais M, Gantier M, Heymann D, Dominici M, Redini F. TRAIL delivered by mesenchymal stromal/stem cells counteracts tumor development in orthotopic Ewing sarcoma models. Int J Cancer 2016; 139:2802-2811. [PMID: 27558972 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Revised: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Ewing sarcoma (EWS) is the second most frequent pediatric malignant bone tumor. EWS patients have not seen any major therapeutic progress in the last 30 years, in particular in the case of metastatic disease, which requires new therapeutic strategies. The pro-apoptotic cytokine TNF-Related Apoptosis Inducing Ligand (TRAIL) can selectively kill tumor cells while sparing normal cells, making it a promising therapeutic tool in several types of cancer. However, certain EWS cell lines appear resistant to recombinant human (rh) TRAIL-induced apoptosis. We therefore hypothesized that a TRAIL presentation at the surface of the carrier cells might overcome this resistance and trigger apoptosis. For this purpose, human adipose mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSC) transfected in a stable manner to express full-length human TRAIL were co-cultured with several human EWS cell lines, inducing apoptosis by cell-to-cell contact even in cell lines initially resistant to rhTRAIL or AMG655, an antibody agonist to the death receptor, DR5. In vivo, TRAIL delivered by MSCs was able to counteract tumor progression in two orthotopic models of Ewing sarcoma, associated with caspase activation, indicating that a cell-based delivery of a potent apoptosis-inducing factor could be relevant in EWS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Romain Guiho
- INSERM, UMR-957, Equipe labellisée LIGUE contre le CANCER 2012, Nantes, F-44035, France.,Université de Nantes, EA 3822, Faculté de Médecine, Laboratoire de Physiopathologie de la Résorption Osseuse et thérapie des tumeurs osseuses primitives, Nantes, F-44035, France
| | - Kevin Biteau
- INSERM, UMR-957, Equipe labellisée LIGUE contre le CANCER 2012, Nantes, F-44035, France.,Université de Nantes, EA 3822, Faculté de Médecine, Laboratoire de Physiopathologie de la Résorption Osseuse et thérapie des tumeurs osseuses primitives, Nantes, F-44035, France
| | - Giulia Grisendi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, Laboratory of Cellular Therapy, University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Julien Taurelle
- INSERM, UMR-957, Equipe labellisée LIGUE contre le CANCER 2012, Nantes, F-44035, France.,Université de Nantes, EA 3822, Faculté de Médecine, Laboratoire de Physiopathologie de la Résorption Osseuse et thérapie des tumeurs osseuses primitives, Nantes, F-44035, France
| | - Mathias Chatelais
- INSERM, UMR-957, Equipe labellisée LIGUE contre le CANCER 2012, Nantes, F-44035, France.,Université de Nantes, EA 3822, Faculté de Médecine, Laboratoire de Physiopathologie de la Résorption Osseuse et thérapie des tumeurs osseuses primitives, Nantes, F-44035, France
| | - Malika Gantier
- INSERM, UMR-957, Equipe labellisée LIGUE contre le CANCER 2012, Nantes, F-44035, France.,Université de Nantes, EA 3822, Faculté de Médecine, Laboratoire de Physiopathologie de la Résorption Osseuse et thérapie des tumeurs osseuses primitives, Nantes, F-44035, France
| | - Dominique Heymann
- INSERM, UMR-957, Equipe labellisée LIGUE contre le CANCER 2012, Nantes, F-44035, France.,Université de Nantes, EA 3822, Faculté de Médecine, Laboratoire de Physiopathologie de la Résorption Osseuse et thérapie des tumeurs osseuses primitives, Nantes, F-44035, France
| | - Massimo Dominici
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, Laboratory of Cellular Therapy, University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Françoise Redini
- INSERM, UMR-957, Equipe labellisée LIGUE contre le CANCER 2012, Nantes, F-44035, France. .,Université de Nantes, EA 3822, Faculté de Médecine, Laboratoire de Physiopathologie de la Résorption Osseuse et thérapie des tumeurs osseuses primitives, Nantes, F-44035, France.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Biteau K, Guiho R, Chatelais M, Taurelle J, Chesneau J, Corradini N, Heymann D, Redini F. L-MTP-PE and zoledronic acid combination in osteosarcoma: preclinical evidence of positive therapeutic combination for clinical transfer. Am J Cancer Res 2016; 6:677-689. [PMID: 27152244 PMCID: PMC4851846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma, the most frequent malignant primary bone tumor in pediatric patients is characterized by osteolysis promoting tumor growth. Lung metastasis is the major bad prognosis factor of this disease. Zoledronic Acid (ZA), a potent inhibitor of bone resorption is currently evaluated in phase III randomized studies in Europe for the treatment of osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma. The beneficial effect of the liposomal form of Muramyl-TriPeptide-Phosphatidyl Ethanolamine (L-mifamurtide, MEPACT®), an activator of macrophage populations has been demonstrated to eradicate lung metastatic foci in osteosarcoma. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential therapeutic benefit and the safety of the ZA and L-mifamurtide combination in preclinical models of osteosarcoma, as a prerequisite before translation to patients. The effects of ZA (100 μg/kg) and L-mifamurtide (1 mg/kg) were investigated in vivo in xenogeneic and syngeneic mice models of osteosarcoma, at clinical (tumor proliferation, spontaneous lung metastases development), radiological (bone microarchitecture by microCT analysis), biological and histological levels. No interference between the two drugs could be observed on ZA-induced bone protection and on L-mifamurtide-induced inhibition of lung metastasis development. Unexpectedly, ZA and L-mifamurtide association induced an additional and in some cases synergistic inhibition of primary tumor progression. L-mifamurtide has no effect on tumor proliferation in vitro or in vivo, and macrophage population was not affected at the tumor site whatever the treatment. This study evidenced for the first time a significant inhibition of primary osteosarcoma progression when both drugs are combined. This result constitutes a first proof-of-principle for clinical application in osteosarcoma patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Biteau
- INSERM, UMR-957, Equipe Ligue Contre le Cancer 2012Nantes, F-44035, France
- Université de Nantes, Faculté de Médecine, Laboratoire De Physiopathologie De La Résorption Osseuse Et Thérapie Des Tumeurs Osseuses PrimitivesNantes, F-44035, France
| | - Romain Guiho
- INSERM, UMR-957, Equipe Ligue Contre le Cancer 2012Nantes, F-44035, France
- Université de Nantes, Faculté de Médecine, Laboratoire De Physiopathologie De La Résorption Osseuse Et Thérapie Des Tumeurs Osseuses PrimitivesNantes, F-44035, France
| | - Mathias Chatelais
- INSERM, UMR-957, Equipe Ligue Contre le Cancer 2012Nantes, F-44035, France
- Université de Nantes, Faculté de Médecine, Laboratoire De Physiopathologie De La Résorption Osseuse Et Thérapie Des Tumeurs Osseuses PrimitivesNantes, F-44035, France
| | - Julien Taurelle
- INSERM, UMR-957, Equipe Ligue Contre le Cancer 2012Nantes, F-44035, France
- Université de Nantes, Faculté de Médecine, Laboratoire De Physiopathologie De La Résorption Osseuse Et Thérapie Des Tumeurs Osseuses PrimitivesNantes, F-44035, France
| | - Julie Chesneau
- INSERM, UMR-957, Equipe Ligue Contre le Cancer 2012Nantes, F-44035, France
- Université de Nantes, Faculté de Médecine, Laboratoire De Physiopathologie De La Résorption Osseuse Et Thérapie Des Tumeurs Osseuses PrimitivesNantes, F-44035, France
| | - Nadège Corradini
- INSERM, UMR-957, Equipe Ligue Contre le Cancer 2012Nantes, F-44035, France
- Université de Nantes, Faculté de Médecine, Laboratoire De Physiopathologie De La Résorption Osseuse Et Thérapie Des Tumeurs Osseuses PrimitivesNantes, F-44035, France
- Pediatric Oncology Unit, Hôpital Mère-EnfantNantes, F-44035, France
| | - Dominique Heymann
- INSERM, UMR-957, Equipe Ligue Contre le Cancer 2012Nantes, F-44035, France
- Université de Nantes, Faculté de Médecine, Laboratoire De Physiopathologie De La Résorption Osseuse Et Thérapie Des Tumeurs Osseuses PrimitivesNantes, F-44035, France
| | - Françoise Redini
- INSERM, UMR-957, Equipe Ligue Contre le Cancer 2012Nantes, F-44035, France
- Université de Nantes, Faculté de Médecine, Laboratoire De Physiopathologie De La Résorption Osseuse Et Thérapie Des Tumeurs Osseuses PrimitivesNantes, F-44035, France
- CHU Hôtel DieuNantes, F-44035, France
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Davaine JM, Quillard T, Chatelais M, Guilbaud F, Brion R, Guyomarch B, Brennan MÁ, Heymann D, Heymann MF, Gouëffic Y. Bone Like Arterial Calcification in Femoral Atherosclerotic Lesions: Prevalence and Role of Osteoprotegerin and Pericytes. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2015; 51:259-67. [PMID: 26652270 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2015.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE/BACKGROUND Arterial calcification, a process that mimics bone formation, is an independent risk factor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, and has a significant impact on surgical and endovascular procedures and outcomes. Research efforts have focused mainly on the coronary arteries, while data regarding the femoral territory remain scarce. METHODS Femoral endarterectomy specimens, clinical data, and plasma from a cohort of patients were collected prospectively. Histological analysis was performed to characterize the cellular populations present in the atherosclerotic lesions, and that were potentially involved in the formation of bone like arterial calcification known as osteoid metaplasia (OM). Enzyme linked immunosorbent assays and cell culture assays were conducted in order to understand the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the formation of OM in the lesions. RESULTS Twenty-eight of the 43 femoral plaques (65%) displayed OM. OM included osteoblast and osteoclast like cells, but very few of the latter exhibited the functional ability to resorb mineral tissue. As in bone, osteoprotegerin (OPG) was significantly associated with the presence of OM (p = .04). Likewise, a high plasma OPG/receptor activator for the nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL) ratio was significantly associated with the presence of OM (p = .03). At the cellular level, there was a greater presence of pericytes in OM+ compared with OM- lesions (5.59 ± 1.09 vs. 2.42 ± 0.58, percentage of area staining [region of interest]; p = .04); in vitro, pericytes were able to inhibit the osteoblastic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells, suggesting that they are involved in regulating arterial calcification. CONCLUSION These results suggest that bone like arterial calcification (OM) is highly prevalent at femoral level. Pericyte cells and the OPG/RANK/RANKL triad seem to be critical to the formation of this ectopic osteoid tissue and represent interesting potential therapeutic targets to reduce the clinical impact of arterial calcification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J-M Davaine
- INSERM, UMR 957, Nantes F-44035, France; Service de Chirurgie Vasculaire, Centre Hospitalier René-Dubos, Pontoise, France; Service de Chirurgie Vasculaire, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | | | - M Chatelais
- INSERM, UMR 957, Nantes F-44035, France; Université de Nantes, Nantes Atlantique Universités, Nantes F-44035, France
| | - F Guilbaud
- INSERM, UMR 957, Nantes F-44035, France; Université de Nantes, Nantes Atlantique Universités, Nantes F-44035, France; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Nantes, France
| | - R Brion
- INSERM, UMR 957, Nantes F-44035, France; Université de Nantes, Nantes Atlantique Universités, Nantes F-44035, France; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Nantes, France
| | - B Guyomarch
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Nantes, France; Institut du Thorax, Nantes, France
| | | | - D Heymann
- INSERM, UMR 957, Nantes F-44035, France; Université de Nantes, Nantes Atlantique Universités, Nantes F-44035, France; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Nantes, France
| | - M-F Heymann
- INSERM, UMR 957, Nantes F-44035, France; Department of Medical Oncology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
| | - Y Gouëffic
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Nantes, France; Institut du Thorax, Nantes, France.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lambert G, Chatelais M, Petrides F, Passard M, Thedrez A, Rye KA, Schwahn U, Gusarova V, Blom DJ, Sasiela W, Marais AD. Normalization of low-density lipoprotein receptor expression in receptor defective homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia by inhibition of PCSK9 with alirocumab. J Am Coll Cardiol 2014; 64:2299-300. [PMID: 25456764 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2014.07.995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
11
|
Le Bas-Bernardet S, Tillou X, Poirier N, Dilek N, Chatelais M, Devallière J, Charreau B, Minault D, Hervouet J, Renaudin K, Crossan C, Scobie L, Cowan PJ, d'Apice AJF, Galli C, Cozzi E, Soulillou JP, Vanhove B, Blancho G. Xenotransplantation of galactosyl-transferase knockout, CD55, CD59, CD39, and fucosyl-transferase transgenic pig kidneys into baboons. Transplant Proc 2014; 43:3426-30. [PMID: 22099813 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2011.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Galactosyl-transferase knockout (GT-KO) pigs represent the latest major progress to reduce immune reactions in xenotransplantation. However, their organs are still subject to rapid humoral rejection involving complement activation requiring the ongoing development of further genetic modifications in the pig. In a pig-to-baboon renal transplantation setting, we have used donor pigs that are not only GT-KO, but also transgenic for human CD55 (hCD55), hCD59, hCD39, and fucosyl-transferase (hHT). We studied kidney xenograft survival, physiological and immunologic parameters, xenogeneic rejection characteristics, as well as viral transmission aspects among two groups of baboons: control animals (n = 2), versus those (n = 4) treated with a cocktail of cyclophosphamide, tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil, steroids, and a recombinant human C1 inhibitor. Whereas control animals showed clear acute humoral rejection at around day 4, the treated animals showed moderately improved graft survival with rejection at around 2 weeks posttransplantation. Biopsies showed signs of acute vascular rejection (interstitial hemorrhage, glomerular thrombi, and acute tubular necrosis) as well as immunoglobulin (Ig)M and complement deposition in the glomerular and peritubular capillaries. The low level of preformed non-Gal-α1.3Gal IgM detected prior to transplantation increased at 6 days posttransplantation, whereas induced IgG appeared after day 6. No porcine endogenous retrovirus (PERV) transmission was detected in any transplanted baboon. Thus, surprisingly, organs from the GT-KO, hCD55, hCD59, hCD39, and hHT transgenic donors did not appear to convey significant protection against baboon anti-pig antibodies and complement activation, which obviously continue to be significant factors under a suboptimal immunosuppression regimen. The association, timing, and doses of immunosuppressive drugs remain critical. They will have to be optimized to achieve longer graft survivals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Le Bas-Bernardet
- Institut de Transplantation-Urologie-Néphrologie, ITUN and INSERM UMR643, Nantes, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Davaine JM, Quillard T, Brion R, Lapérine O, Guyomarch B, Merlini T, Chatelais M, Guilbaud F, Brennan MÁ, Charrier C, Heymann D, Gouëffic Y, Heymann MF. Osteoprotegerin, pericytes and bone-like vascular calcification are associated with carotid plaque stability. PLoS One 2014; 9:e107642. [PMID: 25259713 PMCID: PMC4178031 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0107642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Vascular calcification, recapitulating bone formation, has a profound impact on plaque stability. The aim of the present study was to determine the influence of bone-like vascular calcification (named osteoid metaplasia = OM) and of osteoprotegerin on plaque stability. METHODS Tissue from carotid endarterectomies were analysed for the presence of calcification and signs of vulnerability according to AHA grading system. Osteoprotegerin (OPG), pericytes and endothelial cells were sought using immuno-histochemistry. Symptoms and preoperative imaging findings (CT-scan, MRI and Doppler-scan) were analyzed. Human pericytes were cultured to evaluate their ability to secrete OPG and to influence mineralization in the plaque. RESULTS Seventy-three carotid plaques (49 asymptomatic and 24 symptomatic) were harvested. A significantly higher presence of OM (18.4% vs 0%, p<0.01), OPG (10.2% of ROI vs 3.4% of ROI, p<0.05) and pericytes (19% of ROI vs 3.8% of ROI, p<0.05) were noted in asymptomatic compared to symptomatic plaques. Consistently, circulating OPG levels were higher in the plasma of asymptomatic patients (3.2 ng/mL vs 2.5 ng/mL, p = 0.05). In vitro, human vascular pericytes secreted considerable amounts of OPG and underwent osteoblastic differentiation. Pericytes also inhibited the osteoclastic differentiation of CD14+ cells through their secretion of OPG. CONCLUSIONS OPG (intraplaque an plasmatic) and OM are associated with carotid plaque stability. Pericytes may be involved in the secretion of intraplaque OPG and in the formation of OM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Michel Davaine
- INSERM, UMR 957, Nantes, France
- Université de Nantes, Nantes atlantique universités, Nantes, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Nantes, France
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Régis Brion
- INSERM, UMR 957, Nantes, France
- Université de Nantes, Nantes atlantique universités, Nantes, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Nantes, France
| | - Olivier Lapérine
- INSERM, UMR 957, Nantes, France
- Université de Nantes, Nantes atlantique universités, Nantes, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Nantes, France
| | - Béatrice Guyomarch
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Nantes, France
- Institut du Thorax, Nantes, France
| | - Thierry Merlini
- INSERM, UMR 957, Nantes, France
- Université de Nantes, Nantes atlantique universités, Nantes, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Nantes, France
| | - Mathias Chatelais
- INSERM, UMR 957, Nantes, France
- Université de Nantes, Nantes atlantique universités, Nantes, France
| | - Florian Guilbaud
- INSERM, UMR 957, Nantes, France
- Université de Nantes, Nantes atlantique universités, Nantes, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Nantes, France
| | - Meadhbh Áine Brennan
- INSERM, UMR 957, Nantes, France
- Université de Nantes, Nantes atlantique universités, Nantes, France
| | - Céline Charrier
- INSERM, UMR 957, Nantes, France
- Université de Nantes, Nantes atlantique universités, Nantes, France
| | - Dominique Heymann
- INSERM, UMR 957, Nantes, France
- Université de Nantes, Nantes atlantique universités, Nantes, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Nantes, France
| | - Yann Gouëffic
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Nantes, France
- Institut du Thorax, Nantes, France
| | - Marie-Françoise Heymann
- INSERM, UMR 957, Nantes, France
- Université de Nantes, Nantes atlantique universités, Nantes, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Nantes, France
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Christelle DL, Boutet MA, Chatelais M, Brion R, Blanchard F, Heymann D, Le Goff B. THU0524 IL-1-β and Tnf-α Promote Monocyte Survival and Proliferation through the Induction of GM-CSF Expression by Rheumatoid Arthritis Synovial Fibroblasts. Ann Rheum Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.4649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
14
|
Lambert G, Petrides F, Chatelais M, Blom DJ, Choque B, Tabet F, Wong G, Rye KA, Hooper AJ, Burnett JR, Barter PJ, Marais AD. Elevated plasma PCSK9 level is equally detrimental for patients with nonfamilial hypercholesterolemia and heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia, irrespective of low-density lipoprotein receptor defects. J Am Coll Cardiol 2014; 63:2365-73. [PMID: 24632287 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2014.02.538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2013] [Revised: 01/09/2014] [Accepted: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Do elevated proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) levels constitute an even greater risk for patients who already have reduced low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) levels, such as those with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HeFH)? BACKGROUND As a circulating inhibitor of LDLR, PCSK9 is an attractive target for lowering LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. METHODS Circulating PCSK9 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in nontreated patients with HeFH carrying a D206E (n = 237), V408M (n = 117), or D154N (n = 38) LDLR missense mutation and in normolipidemic controls (n = 152). Skin fibroblasts and lymphocytes were isolated from a subset of patients and grown in 0.5% serum and mevastatin with increasing amounts of recombinant PCSK9. LDLR abundance at the cell surface was determined by flow cytometry. RESULTS PCSK9 reduced LDLR expression in a dose-dependent manner in control and FH fibroblasts to similar extents, by up to 77 ± 8% and 82 ± 7%, respectively. Likewise, PCSK9 reduced LDLR abundance by 39 ± 8% in nonfamilial hypercholesterolemia (non-FH) and by 45 ± 10% in HeFH lymphocytes, irrespective of their LDLR mutation status. We found positive correlations of the same magnitude between PCSK9 and LDL-C levels in controls (beta = 0.22; p = 0.0003), D206E (beta = 0.20; p = 0.0002), V408M (beta = 0.24; p = 0.0002), and D154N (beta = 0.25; p = 0.048) patients with HeFH. The strengths of these associations were all similar. CONCLUSIONS Elevated PCSK9 levels are equally detrimental for patients with HeFH or non-FH: a 100-ng/ml increase in PCSK9 will lead to an increase in LDL-C of 0.20 to 0.25 mmol/l in controls and HeFH alike, irrespective of their LDLR mutation. This explains why patients with non-FH or HeFH respond equally well to monoclonal antibodies targeting PCSK9.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gilles Lambert
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Nantes, UMR PhAN 1280, Nantes, France; Lipid Research Group, Heart Research Institute, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Francine Petrides
- Lipid Research Group, Heart Research Institute, Sydney, Australia; Centre for Vascular Research, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Mathias Chatelais
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Nantes, UMR PhAN 1280, Nantes, France
| | - Dirk J Blom
- Lipidology Division of Internal Medicine, MRC Cape Heart Group, University of Cape Town Health Science Faculty, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Benjamin Choque
- Lipid Research Group, Heart Research Institute, Sydney, Australia
| | - Fatiha Tabet
- Lipid Research Group, Heart Research Institute, Sydney, Australia; Centre for Vascular Research, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Gida Wong
- Lipid Research Group, Heart Research Institute, Sydney, Australia
| | - Kerry-Anne Rye
- Lipid Research Group, Heart Research Institute, Sydney, Australia; Centre for Vascular Research, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Amanda J Hooper
- Royal Perth Hospital, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, PathWest Laboratory of Medicine WA, Perth, Australia; School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia; School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - John R Burnett
- Royal Perth Hospital, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, PathWest Laboratory of Medicine WA, Perth, Australia; School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Philip J Barter
- Lipid Research Group, Heart Research Institute, Sydney, Australia; Centre for Vascular Research, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - A David Marais
- Chemical Pathology Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, MRC Cape Heart Group, University of Cape Town Health Science Faculty, Cape Town, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In the past 10 years, the LDL receptor inhibitor proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin type 9 (PCSK9) has emerged as a validated target for lowering plasma LDL cholesterol levels. Here we review the most recent reports on PCSK9 out of a total of 500 publications published in print or online before March 2013 and indexed on PubMed. RECENT FINDINGS All published in 2012, phase I and II clinical trials demonstrate that fully human monoclonal antibodies targeting PCSK9 dramatically reduce LDL-C and enable patients to reach their target goals, without severe or serious safety issues. SUMMARY This review summarizes the discovery of PCSK9, its original mode of action as a secreted inhibitor of the LDL receptor, as well as its genetic regulation by statins. We then focus on the major results from the 2012 phase I and II PCSK9 inhibitor clinical trials. We also review the recent in-vivo studies demonstrating the potential cardiovascular benefits of long-term PCSK9 inhibition and discuss its potential side-effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francine Petrides
- The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Tonnerre P, Gérard N, Chatelais M, Poli C, Allard S, Cury S, Bressollette C, Cesbron-Gautier A, Charreau B. MICA variant promotes allosensitization after kidney transplantation. J Am Soc Nephrol 2013; 24:954-66. [PMID: 23539759 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2012080814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
MHC class I-related chain A (MICA) antigens are surface glycoproteins strongly implicated in innate immunity, and the MICA gene is highly polymorphic. Clinical observations suggest a role for donor MICA antigens expressed on transplant endothelial cells in the alloimmune response, but the effect of MICA genotype is not well understood. Here, we investigated the immunologic effect of the A5.1 mutation, related to the common MICA*008 allele. Compared with wild-type endothelial cells (ECs), homozygosity for MICA A5.1 associated with an endothelial phenotype characterized by 7- to 10-fold higher levels of MICA mRNA and MICA proteins at the cell surface, as well as exclusive release in exosomes instead of enzymatic cleavage. Mechanistically, we did not detect quantitative changes in regulatory microRNAs. Functionally, A5.1 ECs enhanced NKG2D interaction and natural killer cell activation, promoting NKG2D-dependent lysis of ECs. In kidney transplant recipients, polyreactive anti-MICA sera bound preferentially to ECs from MICA A5.1 donors, suggesting that MICA*008(A5.1) molecules are the preferential antigenic determinants on ECs of grafts. Furthermore, the incidence of MICA A5.1 mismatch revealed a statistically significant association between donor MICA A5.1 and both anti-MICA sensitization and increased proteinuria in kidney recipients. Taken together, these results identify the A5.1 mutation as an immunodominant factor and a potential risk factor for transplant survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Tonnerre
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, LabEx Transplantex, Nantes, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Devallière J, Chatelais M, Fitau J, Gérard N, Hulin P, Velazquez L, Turner CE, Charreau B. LNK (SH2B3) is a key regulator of integrin signaling in endothelial cells and targets α-parvin to control cell adhesion and migration. FASEB J 2012; 26:2592-606. [PMID: 22441983 DOI: 10.1096/fj.11-193383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Focal adhesion (FA) formation and disassembly play an essential role in adherence and migration of endothelial cells. These processes are highly regulated and involve various signaling molecules that are not yet completely identified. Lnk [Src homology 2-B3 (SH2B3)] belongs to a family of SH2-containing proteins with important adaptor functions. In this study, we showed that Lnk distribution follows that of vinculin, localizing Lnk in FAs. Inhibition of Lnk by RNA interference resulted in decreased spreading, whereas sustained expression dramatically increases the number of focal and cell-matrix adhesions. We demonstrated that Lnk expression impairs FA turnover and cell migration and regulates β1-integrin-mediated signaling via Akt and GSK3β phosphorylation. Moreover, the α-parvin protein was identified as one of the molecular targets of Lnk responsible for impaired FA dynamics and cell migration. Finally, we established the ILK protein as a new molecular partner for Lnk and proposed a model in which Lnk regulates α-parvin expression through its interaction with ILK. Collectively, our results underline the adaptor Lnk as a novel and effective key regulator of integrin-mediated signaling controlling endothelial cell adhesion and migration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julie Devallière
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 643, Nantes, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Chatelais M, Devallière J, Galli C, Charreau B. Gene transfer of the adaptor Lnk (SH2B3) prevents porcine endothelial cell activation and apoptosis: implication for xenograft’s cytoprotection. Xenotransplantation 2011; 18:108-20. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3089.2011.00629.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
19
|
Perota A, Brunetti D, Charreau B, Chatelais M, Lagutina I, Lazzari G, Anegon I, Sachs DH, Cozzi E, Lucchini F, Galli C. 431 GENERATION OF CLONED CD55-CD39 TRANSGENIC α1,3-GALACTOSYLTRANSFERASE DEPLETED (GAL - / - ) PIGLETS. Reprod Fertil Dev 2010. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv22n1ab431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Success in xenotransplantation relies on engineering of the pig genome to express human transgenes, such as CD55/CD39, that can control coagulation and inflammation to prolong the graft survival of a 1,3-galactosyltransferase depleted (Gal-/-) pig organs in nonhuman primates and then able to bypass the hyperacute rejection. The aim of our work was to produce Gal-/- piglets overexpressing CD55/CD39. In experiment (Exp.) 1 exploiting 2 ubiquitous expression vectors (pCAGGS-CD55 and pCAGGS-CD39), we transfected immortalized porcine kidney cells (PK15) with CD55 and CD39 using Nucleofector (Amaxa Biosystems, Cologne, Germany) and selected 5 cell colonies each (PK15-CD55 and PK15-CD39) that were expanded and analyzed by RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Western blot (WB). The monoclonal antibodies IA10 for hCD55 and BU61 for hCD39 were used. Transgenic transcription was confirmed by Northern blot (NB) using digoxigenin-labeled probes. In Exp. 2, a neonatal pig Gal-/- fibroblast line was co-transfected by Nucleofector using 2 ubiquitous expression vectors (hEF-CD55 and pCAGGS-CD39) for the expression of CD55 and CD39. Colonies were analyzed by RT-PCR and IHC only, because of the limited number of cells available. Cells from one colony with a high level of CD55/CD39 expression according to IHC were used for nuclear transfer into enucleated oocytes. Day 5 compact morula/blastocyst (n = 144) were transplanted in 2 synchronized sows. Porcine aortic endothelial cells (PAEC) and fibroblasts derived from 2 stillborn piglets were analysed with IHC, NB, and WB. The expression level of transgenes from both experiments was compared with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS), using IA10, BRIC110, IH4, 2G2, and MEM-118 antibodies for hCD55 and TU66 for hCD39. In Exp. 1, RT-PCR showed CD55 mRNA expression in 3 out of 5 (2, 15, 24) PK15-CD55 colonies. A high level of CD55 expression was confirmed only in colony 24 by IHC, NB, WB, and FACS. Low expression level in colony 2 revealed by FACS was not detected by IHC, indicating that FACS analysis is more accurate to quantify the level of expression. All PK15-CD39 colonies were positive according to RT-PCR and IHC. Only one colony PK15-CD39 was further analyzed by NB and WB and confirmed positive. In Exp. 2, IHC, NB, WB, and FACS analyses of fibroblasts and PAEC derived from both cloned piglets confirmed the high level of CD39 expression detected by IHC in donor cells used for nuclear transfer. However, strong CD55 expression detected by IHC was not confirmed by NB analyses and, by FACS, was lower than in HUVEC cells. In conclusion, we produced cloned CD55-CD39 transgenic Gal-/- piglets with a high level of CD39 expression but the expression level of CD55 was lower than in HUVEC cells. We found that although IHC is the method of choice in preliminary screening, it is not sufficiently quantitative when only a few cells for each clone are available. Thus, IHC needs to be complemented with additional methods (e.g. WB, FACS, real-time RT-PCR) to obtain complete evaluation of the expression pattern of transgenes before nuclear transfer experiments.
This study was supported by EU grant no. LSHB-CT-2006-037377 and Fondazione Banca Popolare di Cremona.
Collapse
|
20
|
Quillard T, Devalliere J, Chatelais M, Coulon F, Séveno C, Romagnoli M, Barillé Nion S, Charreau B. Notch2 signaling sensitizes endothelial cells to apoptosis by negatively regulating the key protective molecule survivin. PLoS One 2009; 4:e8244. [PMID: 20011512 PMCID: PMC2785888 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0008244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2009] [Accepted: 11/09/2009] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Notch signaling pathway controls key functions in vascular and endothelial cells (ECs) where Notch4 plays a major role. However, little is known about the contribution of other Notch receptors. This study investigated regulation of Notch2 and further examined its implication in EC dysfunction. Methodology/Principal Findings Here, we provide evidence for a novel link between Notch and TNF signaling, where Notch2 is upregulated and activated in response to TNF. Forced expression of Notch2 intracellular domain in cultured ECs promotes apoptosis and allows the significant downregulation of several cell-death-related transcripts in a dose-dependent manner. In particular, activation of Notch2 led to a rapid decrease in survivin mRNA and protein expression, while survivin upregulation was obtained by the selective knockdown of Notch2 in ECs, indicating that survivin expression is controlled at the Notch level. Moreover, Notch2 silencing and ectopic expression of survivin, but not XIAP or Bcl2, rescued ECs from TNF and Notch2-mediated apoptosis, respectively. Conclusions/Significance In conclusion, TNF signaling activates Notch2 that sensitizes ECs to apoptosis via modulation of the key apoptosis regulator survivin. Overall, our findings also indicate that specific Notch receptors control distinct functions in vascular cells and inflammatory cytokines contribute to this specificity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thibaut Quillard
- INSERM, UMR643, Nantes, France
- CHU Nantes, Institut de Transplantation et de Recherche en Transplantation, ITERT, Nantes, France
- Université de Nantes, Faculté de Médecine, Nantes, France
| | - Julie Devalliere
- INSERM, UMR643, Nantes, France
- CHU Nantes, Institut de Transplantation et de Recherche en Transplantation, ITERT, Nantes, France
- Université de Nantes, Faculté de Médecine, Nantes, France
| | - Mathias Chatelais
- INSERM, UMR643, Nantes, France
- CHU Nantes, Institut de Transplantation et de Recherche en Transplantation, ITERT, Nantes, France
- Université de Nantes, Faculté de Médecine, Nantes, France
| | - Flora Coulon
- INSERM, UMR643, Nantes, France
- CHU Nantes, Institut de Transplantation et de Recherche en Transplantation, ITERT, Nantes, France
- Université de Nantes, Faculté de Médecine, Nantes, France
| | | | | | | | - Béatrice Charreau
- INSERM, UMR643, Nantes, France
- CHU Nantes, Institut de Transplantation et de Recherche en Transplantation, ITERT, Nantes, France
- Université de Nantes, Faculté de Médecine, Nantes, France
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Quillard T, Coupel S, Coulon F, Fitau J, Chatelais M, Cuturi M, Chiffoleau E, Charreau B. Impaired Notch4 Activity Elicits Endothelial Cell Activation and Apoptosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2008; 28:2258-65. [DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.108.174995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective—
Notch signaling pathway controls key functions in vascular and endothelial cells (EC). However, little is known about the role of Notch in allografted vessels during the development of transplant arteriosclerosis (TA). This study investigated regulation of the Notch pathway on cardiac allograft arteriosclerosis and further examined its implication in EC dysfunction.
Methods and Results—
Here we show that, among Notch receptors, Notch2, -3, and -4 transcript levels were markedly downregulated in TA compared to tolerant and syngeneic allografts. TA correlates with high levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), transforming growth factor (TGF)β, and IL10, which consistently decrease Notch4 expression in transplants and cultured ECs. We found that inhibition of Notch activity, reflected by both a reduced CBF1 activity and Hes1 expression, parallels the downregulation of Notch4 expression mediated by TNF in ECs. Notch4 and Hes1 knockdown enhances vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 expression and promotes EC apoptosis. Silencing Notch4 or Hes1 also drastically inhibits repair of endothelial injury. Overall, our results suggest that Notch4 and basal Notch activity are required to maintain EC quiescence and for optimal survival and repair in response to injury.
Conclusion—
Together, our findings indicate that impaired Notch4 activity in graft ECs is a key event associated with TA by triggering EC activation and apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T. Quillard
- From INSERM, U643, Nantes, F44000 France; CHU Nantes, Institut de Transplantation et de Recherche en Transplantation, ITERT, Nantes, F44000 France; Université de Nantes, Faculté de Médecine, Nantes, F44000 France
| | - S. Coupel
- From INSERM, U643, Nantes, F44000 France; CHU Nantes, Institut de Transplantation et de Recherche en Transplantation, ITERT, Nantes, F44000 France; Université de Nantes, Faculté de Médecine, Nantes, F44000 France
| | - F. Coulon
- From INSERM, U643, Nantes, F44000 France; CHU Nantes, Institut de Transplantation et de Recherche en Transplantation, ITERT, Nantes, F44000 France; Université de Nantes, Faculté de Médecine, Nantes, F44000 France
| | - J. Fitau
- From INSERM, U643, Nantes, F44000 France; CHU Nantes, Institut de Transplantation et de Recherche en Transplantation, ITERT, Nantes, F44000 France; Université de Nantes, Faculté de Médecine, Nantes, F44000 France
| | - M. Chatelais
- From INSERM, U643, Nantes, F44000 France; CHU Nantes, Institut de Transplantation et de Recherche en Transplantation, ITERT, Nantes, F44000 France; Université de Nantes, Faculté de Médecine, Nantes, F44000 France
| | - M.C. Cuturi
- From INSERM, U643, Nantes, F44000 France; CHU Nantes, Institut de Transplantation et de Recherche en Transplantation, ITERT, Nantes, F44000 France; Université de Nantes, Faculté de Médecine, Nantes, F44000 France
| | - E. Chiffoleau
- From INSERM, U643, Nantes, F44000 France; CHU Nantes, Institut de Transplantation et de Recherche en Transplantation, ITERT, Nantes, F44000 France; Université de Nantes, Faculté de Médecine, Nantes, F44000 France
| | - B. Charreau
- From INSERM, U643, Nantes, F44000 France; CHU Nantes, Institut de Transplantation et de Recherche en Transplantation, ITERT, Nantes, F44000 France; Université de Nantes, Faculté de Médecine, Nantes, F44000 France
| |
Collapse
|