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Geroldi A, Ponti C, Mammi A, Patrone S, Gotta F, Trevisan L, Sanguineri F, Origone P, Gaudio A, La Barbera A, Cataldi M, Gemelli C, Massucco S, Schenone A, Lanteri P, Fiorillo C, Grandis M, Mandich P, Bellone E. Early Onset Inherited Peripheral Neuropathies: The Experience of a Specialized Referral Center for Genetic Diagnosis Achievement. Pediatr Neurol 2024; 154:4-8. [PMID: 38428336 DOI: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2024.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) is a heterogeneous group of inherited peripheral neuropathies. Although the typical disease onset is reported in the second decade, earlier onsets are not uncommon. To date, few studies on pediatric populations have been conducted and the achievement of molecular diagnosis remains challenging. METHODS During the last 24 years we recruited 223 patients with early-onset hereditary peripheral neuropathies (EOHPN), negative for PMP22 duplication, 72 of them referred by a specialized pediatric hospital. Genetic testing for CMT-associated genes has been carried out with a range of different techniques. RESULTS Of the 223 EOHPN cases, 43% were classified as CMT1 (demyelinating), 49% as CMT2 (axonal), and 8% as CMTi (intermediate). Genetic diagnosis was reached in 51% of patients, but the diagnostic yield increased to 67% when focusing only on cases from the specialized pediatric neuromuscular centers. Excluding PMP22 rearrangements, no significant difference in diagnostic rate between demyelinating and axonal forms was identified. De novo mutations account for 38% of cases. CONCLUSIONS This study describes an exhaustive picture of EOHPN in an Italian referral genetic center and analyzes the molecular diagnostic rate of a heterogeneous cohort compared with one referred by a specialized pediatric center. Our data identify MPZ, MFN2, GDAP1, and SH3TC2 genes as the most frequent players in EOHPN. Our study underlines the relevance of a specific neurological pediatric expertise to address the genetic testing and highlights its importance to clarify possible unexpected results when neuropathy is only a secondary clinical sign of a more complex phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Geroldi
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetic and Maternal and Infantile Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Clarissa Ponti
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetic and Maternal and Infantile Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, UOC Genetica Medica, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessia Mammi
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, UOC Genetica Medica, Genoa, Italy
| | - Serena Patrone
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetic and Maternal and Infantile Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Fabio Gotta
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, UOC Genetica Medica, Genoa, Italy
| | - Lucia Trevisan
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetic and Maternal and Infantile Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, UOC Genetica Medica, Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesca Sanguineri
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetic and Maternal and Infantile Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, UOC Genetica Medica, Genoa, Italy
| | - Paola Origone
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetic and Maternal and Infantile Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, UOC Genetica Medica, Genoa, Italy
| | - Andrea Gaudio
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, UOC Genetica Medica, Genoa, Italy
| | - Andrea La Barbera
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, UOC Genetica Medica, Genoa, Italy
| | - Matteo Cataldi
- Pediatric Neuropsychiatric Unit, IRCCS Institute "G. Gaslini", Genoa, Italy
| | - Chiara Gemelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetic and Maternal and Infantile Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, UOC Clinica Neurologica, Genoa, Italy
| | - Sara Massucco
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetic and Maternal and Infantile Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, UOC Clinica Neurologica, Genoa, Italy
| | - Angelo Schenone
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetic and Maternal and Infantile Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, UOC Clinica Neurologica, Genoa, Italy
| | - Paola Lanteri
- Pediatric Neuropsychiatric Unit, IRCCS Institute "G. Gaslini", Genoa, Italy
| | - Chiara Fiorillo
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetic and Maternal and Infantile Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Unit of Paediatric Neurology and Neuromuscular Disorders, IRCCS Institute "G. Gaslini", Genoa, Italy
| | - Marina Grandis
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetic and Maternal and Infantile Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, UOC Clinica Neurologica, Genoa, Italy
| | - Paola Mandich
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetic and Maternal and Infantile Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, UOC Genetica Medica, Genoa, Italy
| | - Emilia Bellone
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetic and Maternal and Infantile Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, UOC Genetica Medica, Genoa, Italy
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Pavanello M, Piro L, Roggero A, Rossi A, Cataldi M, Piatelli G. Navigating the complexities of encephalocraniocutaneous lipomatosis: a case series and review. Childs Nerv Syst 2024; 40:1251-1258. [PMID: 38217730 PMCID: PMC10972915 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-024-06279-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Encephalocraniocutaneous lipomatosis (ECCL) is a rare congenital syndrome with complex skin, eye, and central nervous system (CNS) symptoms. Diagnosis and treatment are challenging due to its rarity and diverse manifestations. It often involves issues like porencephalic cysts, cortical atrophy, and low-grade gliomas in the CNS, resulting in developmental delays. The spinal cord is frequently affected, leading to problems like medullary compression and radiculopathy, causing back pain and sensory/motor deficits. Surgical interventions are reserved for symptomatic cases to address hydrocephalus or alleviate spinal lipomas. This article reviews a case series to assess surgical risks and neurological outcomes. CASE SERIES We present a case series ECCL, focusing on the diffuse lipomatosis of the spinal cord and the intricate surgical procedures involved. A multi-stage surgical approach was adopted, with continuous neuromonitoring employed to safeguard motor pathways. We discuss clinical characteristics, imaging studies, and indications for neurosurgical interventions. DISCUSSION ECCL is a complex syndrome. Diagnosis is challenging and includes clinical evaluation, neuroimaging, and genetic testing. Treatment targets specific symptoms, often requiring surgery for issues like lipomas or cerebral cysts. Surgery involves laminectomies, spinal fusion, and motor pathway monitoring. Thorough follow-up is crucial due to potential CNS complications like low-grade gliomas. Hydrocephalus occurs in some cases, with endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) preferred over ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement. CONCLUSION Neurosurgery for ECCL is for symptomatic cases. ETV is preferred for hydrocephalus, while the treatment for lipoma is based on the presence of symptoms; the follow-up should assess growth and prevent deformities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Pavanello
- Department of Neurosurgery, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via G.Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Liliana Piro
- Pediatric Surgery Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via Gerolamo Gaslini 5, 16147, Genoa, Italy.
- University of Genoa, DINOGMI, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Arianna Roggero
- Pediatric Surgery Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via Gerolamo Gaslini 5, 16147, Genoa, Italy
- University of Genoa, DINOGMI, Genoa, Italy
| | - Andrea Rossi
- Neuroradiology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via G.Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Matteo Cataldi
- Department of Neuroscienze, Genetics Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Rehabilitation, Genoa, Ophthalmology, Italy
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Gianluca Piatelli
- Department of Neurosurgery, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via G.Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
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Geroldi A, Tozza S, Fiorillo C, Nolano M, Fossa P, Vitale F, Domi R, Gaudio A, Mammi A, Patrone S, Barbera AL, Origone P, Ponti C, Sanguineri F, Zara F, Cataldi M, Salpietro V, Venturi CB, Massucco S, Schenone A, Manganelli F, Mandich P, Bellone E, Gotta F. A novel de novo variant in POLR3B gene associated with a primary axonal involvement of the largest nerve fibers. J Peripher Nerv Syst 2023; 28:620-628. [PMID: 37897416 DOI: 10.1111/jns.12602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS POLR3B gene encodes a subunit of RNA polymerase III (Pol III). Biallelic mutations in POLR3B are associated with leukodystrophies, but recently de novo heterozygous mutations have been described in early onset peripheral demyelinating neuropathies with or without central involvement. Here, we report the first Italian case carrying a de novo variant in POLR3B with a pure neuropathy phenotype and primary axonal involvement of the largest nerve fibers. METHODS Nerve conduction studies, sympathetic skin response, dynamic sweat test, tactile and thermal quantitative sensory testing and brain magnetic resonance imaging were performed according to standard procedures. Histopathological examination was performed on skin and sural nerve biopsies. Molecular analysis of the proband and his relatives was performed with Next Generation Sequencing. The impact of the identified variant on the overall protein structure was evaluated through rotamers method. RESULTS Since his early adolescence, the patient presented with signs of polyneuropathy with severe distal weakness, atrophy, and reduced sensation. Neurophysiological studies showed a sensory-motor axonal polyneuropathy, with confirmed small fiber involvement. In addition, skin biopsy and sural nerve biopsy showed predominant large fibers involvement. A trio's whole exome sequencing revealed a novel de novo variant p.(Arg1046Cys) in POLR3B, which was classified as Probably Pathogenic. Molecular modeling data confirmed a deleterious effect of the variant on protein structure. INTERPRETATION Neurophysiological and morphological findings suggest a primary axonal involvement of the largest nerve fibers in POLR3B-related neuropathies. A partial loss of function mechanism is proposed for both neuropathy and leukodystrophy phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Geroldi
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetic and Maternal and Infantile Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Stefano Tozza
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Chiara Fiorillo
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetic and Maternal and Infantile Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Child Neuropsychiatric Unit, IRCCS Institute G. Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Maria Nolano
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Fossa
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Floriana Vitale
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Regi Domi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Andrea Gaudio
- OU Medical Genetics, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessia Mammi
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetic and Maternal and Infantile Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Serena Patrone
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetic and Maternal and Infantile Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Andrea La Barbera
- OU Medical Genetics, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Paola Origone
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetic and Maternal and Infantile Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- OU Medical Genetics, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Clarissa Ponti
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetic and Maternal and Infantile Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- OU Medical Genetics, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesca Sanguineri
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetic and Maternal and Infantile Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- OU Medical Genetics, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Federico Zara
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetic and Maternal and Infantile Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Medical Genetic Unit, IRCCS Institute G. Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Matteo Cataldi
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetic and Maternal and Infantile Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Child Neuropsychiatric Unit, IRCCS Institute G. Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Salpietro
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetic and Maternal and Infantile Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Medical Genetic Unit, IRCCS Institute G. Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Sara Massucco
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetic and Maternal and Infantile Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- OU Neurology Clinic, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Angelo Schenone
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetic and Maternal and Infantile Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- OU Neurology Clinic, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Fiore Manganelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Mandich
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetic and Maternal and Infantile Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- OU Medical Genetics, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Emilia Bellone
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetic and Maternal and Infantile Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- OU Medical Genetics, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Fabio Gotta
- OU Medical Genetics, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
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Bosisio L, Gastaldi M, Inglese M, Rossi A, Franciotta D, Cataldi M, Leone C, Giacomini T, Benedetti L, Nobili L, Mancardi MM. Asynchronous combined central and peripheral demyelination (CCPD) in a girl with anti-MOG positivity: A case report and review of the literature. J Neuroimmunol 2023; 384:578213. [PMID: 37820535 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2023.578213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of combined central and peripheral demyelination (CCPD) is rare, data are limited to small case and cohort studies, mainly concerning adults. In few patients positivity to anti MOG antibody is reported, thus widening the spectrum of anti-MOG associated disorders (MOGAD). We describe a 7-year-old girl with optic neuritis followed 8 years later by peripheral demyelination, with fluctuating anti-MOG antibody positivity at cell-based assay. From the review of the literature, MOGAD-CCPD appear very rare in childhood, especially with asynchronous course. Clinicians should keep this possibility in mind to better define diagnosis in atypical demyelination syndromes, with therapeutical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Bosisio
- Child Neuropsychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health Department of Neuroscience (DINOGMI), IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, University of Genoa, Italy
| | - Matteo Gastaldi
- Neuroimmunology Laboratory, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Matilde Inglese
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health Department of Neuroscience (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Andrea Rossi
- Neuroradiology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy; Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Diego Franciotta
- Neuroimmunology Laboratory, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Matteo Cataldi
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Carmela Leone
- Department of Neurology, Ospedale "R. Guzzardi" - ASP Ragusa, Vittoria, Italy
| | - Thea Giacomini
- Department of Mental Health and Addiction, Azienda Sanitaria Locale 3, Genova, Italy
| | | | - Lino Nobili
- Child Neuropsychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health Department of Neuroscience (DINOGMI), IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, University of Genoa, Italy; Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
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Croci C, Cataldi M, Baratto S, Bruno C, Trucco F, Doccini S, Romano A, Nesti C, Santorelli FM, Fiorillo C. Recurrent Sensory-Motor Neuropathy Mimicking CIDP as Predominant Presentation of PDH Deficiency. Neuropediatrics 2023; 54:211-216. [PMID: 36693417 DOI: 10.1055/a-2018-4845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDH) deficiency (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man # 312170) is a relatively common mitochondrial disorder, caused by mutations in the X-linked PDHA1 gene and presenting with a variable phenotypic spectrum, ranging from severe infantile encephalopathy to milder chronic neurological disorders.Isolated peripheral neuropathy as predominant clinical presentation is uncommon. RESULTS We report on a patient, now 21 years old, presenting at the age of 2 years with recurrent symmetric weakness as first symptom of a PDH deficiency. Neurophysiological evaluation proving a sensory-motor polyneuropathy with conduction blocks and presence of elevated cerebrospinal fluid proteins, suggested a chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. The evidence of high serum lactate and the alterations in oxidative metabolism in muscle biopsy pointed toward the final diagnosis. After starting nutritional supplements, no further episodes occurred. A hemizygous mutation in PDHA1 (p.Arg88Cys) was identified. This mutation has been previously described in five patients with a similar phenotype. A three-dimensional reconstruction demonstrated that mutations affecting this arginine destabilize the interactions between the subunits of the E1 complex. CONCLUSION We summarize the clinical and genetic characteristics of one patient with PDH deficiency presenting isolated peripheral nervous system involvement. This study highlights that the diagnosis of PDH deficiency should be considered in children with unexplained peripheral neuropathy, even with features suggestive of acquired forms, especially in case of early onset and limited response to treatment. A simple analysis of lactic acid could help to target the diagnosis.In addition, we suggest that the residue Arg88 is the most frequently involved in this specific phenotype of PDH deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Croci
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Matteo Cataldi
- Department of Child Neuropsychiatry, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Serena Baratto
- Center of Translational and Experimental Myology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Claudio Bruno
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy.,Center of Translational and Experimental Myology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Federica Trucco
- Department of Neurorehabilitation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Doccini
- Molecular Medicine for Neurodegenerative and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Romano
- Experimental Neuropathology Unit, Division of Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Neurology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Nesti
- Molecular Medicine for Neurodegenerative and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Pisa, Italy
| | - Filippo Maria Santorelli
- Molecular Medicine for Neurodegenerative and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Pisa, Italy
| | - Chiara Fiorillo
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy.,Department of Child Neuropsychiatry, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
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Cordani R, Veneruso M, Napoli F, Milanaccio C, Verrico A, Consales A, Cataldi M, Fava D, Di Iorgi N, Maghnie M, Mancardi M, Nobili L. Sleep disturbances in craniopharyngioma: a challenging diagnosis. Sleep Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2022.05.291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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7
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Fiorillo C, Capodivento G, Geroldi A, Tozza S, Moroni I, Mohassel P, Cataldi M, Campana C, Morando S, Panicucci C, Pedemonte M, Brolatti N, Siliquini S, Traverso M, Baratto S, Debellis D, Magri S, Prada V, Bellone E, Salpietro V, Donkervoort S, Gable K, Gupta SD, Dunn TM, Bönnemann CG, Taroni F, Bruno C, Schenone A, Mandich P, Nobbio L, Nolano M. The SPTLC1 p.S331 mutation bridges sensory neuropathy and motor neuron disease and has implications for treatment. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2022; 48:e12842. [PMID: 35904184 PMCID: PMC9804203 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS SPTLC1-related disorder is a late onset sensory-autonomic neuropathy associated with perturbed sphingolipid homeostasis which can be improved by supplementation with the serine palmitoyl-CoA transferase (SPT) substrate, l-serine. Recently, a juvenile form of motor neuron disease has been linked to SPTLC1 variants. Variants affecting the p.S331 residue of SPTLC1 cause a distinct phenotype, whose pathogenic basis has not been established. This study aims to define the neuropathological and biochemical consequences of the SPTLC1 p.S331 variant, and test response to l-serine in this specific genotype. METHODS We report clinical and neurophysiological characterisation of two unrelated children carrying distinct p.S331 SPTLC1 variants. The neuropathology was investigated by analysis of sural nerve and skin innervation. To clarify the biochemical consequences of the p.S331 variant, we performed sphingolipidomic profiling of serum and skin fibroblasts. We also tested the effect of l-serine supplementation in skin fibroblasts of patients with p.S331 mutations. RESULTS In both patients, we recognised an early onset phenotype with prevalent progressive motor neuron disease. Neuropathology showed severe damage to the sensory and autonomic systems. Sphingolipidomic analysis showed the coexistence of neurotoxic deoxy-sphingolipids with an excess of canonical products of the SPT enzyme. l-serine supplementation in patient fibroblasts reduced production of toxic 1-deoxysphingolipids but further increased the overproduction of sphingolipids. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that p.S331 SPTLC1 variants lead to an overlap phenotype combining features of sensory and motor neuropathies, thus proposing a continuum in the spectrum of SPTLC1-related disorders. l-serine supplementation in these patients may be detrimental.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Fiorillo
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI)University of GenoaGenoaItaly,Unit of Paediatric Neurology and Neuromuscular DisordersIRCCS Institute “G. Gaslini”GenoaItaly
| | - Giovanna Capodivento
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI)University of GenoaGenoaItaly,UO Clinica Neurologica, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San MartinoGenoaItaly
| | - Alessandro Geroldi
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI)University of GenoaGenoaItaly
| | - Stefano Tozza
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Odontostomatological ScienceUniversity of Naples “Federico II”NaplesItaly
| | - Isabella Moroni
- Child Neurology Unit, Department of Pediatric NeuroscienceFondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo BestaMilanItaly
| | - Payam Mohassel
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood SectionNational Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Matteo Cataldi
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI)University of GenoaGenoaItaly,Paediatric Neuropsychiatric UnitIRCCS Institute “G. Gaslini”GenoaItaly
| | - Chiara Campana
- Paediatric Neuropsychiatric UnitIRCCS Institute “G. Gaslini”GenoaItaly
| | - Simone Morando
- Center of Translational and Experimental MyologyIRCCS Institute “G. Gaslini”GenoaItaly
| | - Chiara Panicucci
- Center of Translational and Experimental MyologyIRCCS Institute “G. Gaslini”GenoaItaly
| | - Marina Pedemonte
- Unit of Paediatric Neurology and Neuromuscular DisordersIRCCS Institute “G. Gaslini”GenoaItaly
| | - Noemi Brolatti
- Unit of Paediatric Neurology and Neuromuscular DisordersIRCCS Institute “G. Gaslini”GenoaItaly
| | | | - Monica Traverso
- Unit of Paediatric Neurology and Neuromuscular DisordersIRCCS Institute “G. Gaslini”GenoaItaly
| | - Serena Baratto
- Center of Translational and Experimental MyologyIRCCS Institute “G. Gaslini”GenoaItaly
| | - Doriana Debellis
- Electron Microscopy FacilityIstituto Italiano di TecnologiaGenoaItaly
| | - Stefania Magri
- Unit of Medical Genetics and NeurogeneticsFondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo BestaMilanItaly
| | - Valeria Prada
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of IowaIowa CityIowaUSA
| | - Emilia Bellone
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI)University of GenoaGenoaItaly,Clinical Genetics UnitOspedale Policlinico IRCCS San MartinoGenoaItaly
| | - Vincenzo Salpietro
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI)University of GenoaGenoaItaly,Unit of Paediatric Neurology and Neuromuscular DisordersIRCCS Institute “G. Gaslini”GenoaItaly
| | - Sandra Donkervoort
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood SectionNational Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Kenneth Gable
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniformed Services University of Health SciencesBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Sita D. Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniformed Services University of Health SciencesBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Teresa M. Dunn
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniformed Services University of Health SciencesBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Carsten G. Bönnemann
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood SectionNational Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Franco Taroni
- Unit of Medical Genetics and NeurogeneticsFondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo BestaMilanItaly
| | - Claudio Bruno
- Center of Translational and Experimental MyologyIRCCS Institute “G. Gaslini”GenoaItaly
| | - Angelo Schenone
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI)University of GenoaGenoaItaly,UO Clinica Neurologica, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San MartinoGenoaItaly
| | - Paola Mandich
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI)University of GenoaGenoaItaly,Clinical Genetics UnitOspedale Policlinico IRCCS San MartinoGenoaItaly
| | - Lucilla Nobbio
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI)University of GenoaGenoaItaly,UO Clinica Neurologica, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San MartinoGenoaItaly
| | - Maria Nolano
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Odontostomatological ScienceUniversity of Naples “Federico II”NaplesItaly,Neurology Department, Skin Biopsy LaboratoryIstituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCSTelese TermeItaly
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8
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Brisca G, Sotgiu S, Pirlo D, Tubino B, Siri L, Chianucci B, Carta A, Rossi A, Mallamaci M, Cataldi M, Mancardi MM. Longitudinally Extensive Transverse Myelitis (LETM) and Myopericarditis in a 7-Month-Old Child with SARs-CoV-2 Infection. Neuropediatrics 2022; 53:61-64. [PMID: 34327697 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1732364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In the last few months, some pediatric cases with neurological and neuroradiological pictures related to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections have been reported, often associated with multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C). The most frequently encountered pediatric neurological complications seem to be postinfectious immune-mediated acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM)-like changes of the brain, myelitis, neural enhancement, and splenial lesions. Concomitant neurological and cardiac involvement has been reported only in MIS-C, although specific clinical details are often not fully available. METHODS In this case report, a very young child infected with SARs-CoV-2 and diagnosed as longitudinal extensive transverse myelitis with concomitant myo-pericarditis is presented. RESULTS A previously healthy 7-month-old girl presented with abrupt onset of generalized weakness with inability to sit up. She had had mild respiratory symptoms 1 week earlier. Spinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a T2-hyperintense intramedullary lesion extending from C4 to T2, compatible with acute longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM). Cerebrospinal fluid analysis was negative.Echocardiography and blood tests were suggestive for myo-pericarditis. Real time polymerase chain reaction for SARS-CoV-2 on nasopharyngeal swab sample tested positive. She was promptly treated with high dose of steroids and immunoglobulin with satisfactory clinical response. CONCLUSION To the evolving literature of neurological complications of SARs-CoV-2 infection, we add the youngest patient described to date with isolated LETM and concomitant cardiac involvement. Our case suggests that clinicians should be aware of this association, although difficult to recognize in infants. Practitioners are encouraged to consider aggressive first-line immunotherapies with the final aim to prevent permanent disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Brisca
- Department of Surgery and High Intensity of Care, Sub-intensive Care Unit, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Liguria, Italy
| | - Stefano Sotgiu
- Department of Medical Surgical and Experimental Sciences, Unit of Child Neuropsychiatry, University Hospital of Sassari, Sassari, Sardegna, Italy
| | - Daniela Pirlo
- Department of Surgery and High Intensity of Care, Sub-intensive Care Unit, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Liguria, Italy
| | - Barbara Tubino
- Department of Pediatric Sciences, Pediatric Emergency Unit, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Liguria, Italy
| | - Laura Siri
- Unit of Child Neuropsychiatry, Clinical and Surgical Neurosciences Department, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Genoa, Liguria, Italy
| | - Benedetta Chianucci
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Liguria, Italy
| | - Alessandra Carta
- Department of Medical Surgical and Experimental Sciences, Unit of Child Neuropsychiatry, University Hospital of Sassari, Sassari, Sardegna, Italy
| | - Andrea Rossi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Neuroradiology Unit, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Genoa, Liguria, Italy.,Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Genoa, Liguria, Italy
| | - Marisa Mallamaci
- Department of Surgery and High Intensity of Care, Sub-intensive Care Unit, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Liguria, Italy
| | - Matteo Cataldi
- Unit of Child Neuropsychiatry, Clinical and Surgical Neurosciences Department, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Genoa, Liguria, Italy
| | - Maria Margherita Mancardi
- Unit of Child Neuropsychiatry, Clinical and Surgical Neurosciences Department, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Genoa, Liguria, Italy
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9
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Giacomini T, Luria G, D’Amario V, Croci C, Cataldi M, Piai M, Nobile G, Bruni O, Consales A, Mancardi MM, Nobili L. On the role of REM sleep microstructure in suppressing interictal spikes in Electrical Status Epilepticus during Sleep. Clin Neurophysiol 2022; 136:62-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2022.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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10
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Cordani R, Veneruso M, Napoli F, Milanaccio C, Verrico A, Consales A, Cataldi M, Fava D, Di Iorgi N, Maghnie M, Mancardi MM, Nobili L. Sleep disturbances in craniopharyngioma: a challenging diagnosis. J Neurol 2021; 268:4362-4369. [PMID: 34522989 PMCID: PMC8439529 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-021-10794-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Craniopharyngiomas are rare solid or mixed solid and cystic tumors that arise from Rathke's pouch remnants along the pituitary-hypothalamic axis, from the sella turcica to the brain third ventricle. Both the tumor and its treatment can lead to significant neurological and endocrinological complications. Due to the essential role of the hypothalamus in the complex neurophysiologic process of sleep, tumors involving the hypothalamic area may be responsible for disturbances in sleep-wake regulation with alterations in the circadian rhythm, sleep fragmentation, and increased daytime sleepiness. We report two cases of patients with craniopharyngioma, who came to our attention due to the occurrence of episodes characterized by psychomotor slowing and afinalistic limb movements, temporal and spatial disorientation, psychomotor agitation, and oneiric stupor like episodes. A comprehensive clinical data collection and a targeted diagnostic work-up led to a diagnosis of severe sleep disorder characterized by hypersomnia, altered sleep-wake rhythm, and sleep-related breathing disorder. In addition, the polysomnography revealed peculiar alterations in the sleep structure. The diagnostic work-up lead to an accurate differential diagnosis between epileptic seizures and episodes expressions of sleep disturbances. These clinical features can be challenging to diagnose and can lead to misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment. Diagnosis of sleep disorders is crucial, considering the impact of sleep on general health, cognition, and neuropsychological functioning. These findings support the need to incorporate a comprehensive sleep evaluation in childhood brain tumor involving the suprasellar/hypothalamic region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramona Cordani
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Marco Veneruso
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Flavia Napoli
- Department of Paediatrics, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Verrico
- Neuro-Oncology Unit, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Consales
- Paediatric Neurosurgery Unit, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | - Matteo Cataldi
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | - Daniela Fava
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Natascia Di Iorgi
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Department of Paediatrics, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | - Mohamad Maghnie
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Department of Paediatrics, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Lino Nobili
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy. .,Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy.
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11
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Cataldi M, Arnaldi D, Tucci V, De Carli F, Patti G, Napoli F, Pace M, Maghnie M, Nobili L. Sleep disorders in Prader-Willi syndrome, evidence from animal models and humans. Sleep Med Rev 2021; 57:101432. [PMID: 33567377 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2021.101432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS) is a complex genetic disorder with multiple cognitive, behavioral and endocrine dysfunctions. Sleep alterations and sleep disorders such as Sleep-disordered breathing and Central disorders of hypersomnolence are frequently recognized (either isolated or in comorbidity). The aim of the review is to highlight the pathophysiology and the clinical features of sleep disorders in PWS, providing the basis for early diagnosis and management. We reviewed the genetic features of the syndrome and the possible relationship with sleep alterations in animal models, and we described sleep phenotypes, diagnostic tools and therapeutic approaches in humans. Moreover, we performed a meta-analysis of cerebrospinal fluid orexin levels in patients with PWS; significantly lower levels of orexin were detected in PWS with respect to control subjects (although significantly higher than the ones of narcoleptic patients). Sleep disorders in humans with PWS are multifaceted and are often the result of different mechanisms. Since hypothalamic dysfunction seems to partially influence metabolic, respiratory and sleep/wake characteristics of this syndrome, additional studies are required in this framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Cataldi
- Unit of Child Neuropsychiatry, Department of Medical and Surgical Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Dario Arnaldi
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy; Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Valter Tucci
- Genetics and Epigenetics of Behaviour Laboratory, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, Italy
| | - Fabrizio De Carli
- Institute of Bioimaging and Molecular Physiology, National Research Council, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giuseppa Patti
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Department of Pediatrics, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Flavia Napoli
- Department of Pediatrics, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Marta Pace
- Genetics and Epigenetics of Behaviour Laboratory, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, Italy
| | - Mohamad Maghnie
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Department of Pediatrics, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Lino Nobili
- Unit of Child Neuropsychiatry, Department of Medical and Surgical Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy; Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
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12
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Ferrero L, Ritter C, Cappelletti D, Moroni B, Močnik G, Mazzola M, Lupi A, Becagli S, Traversi R, Cataldi M, Neuber R, Vitale V, Bolzacchini E. Aerosol optical properties in the Arctic: The role of aerosol chemistry and dust composition in a closure experiment between Lidar and tethered balloon vertical profiles. Sci Total Environ 2019; 686:452-467. [PMID: 31185395 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A closure experiment was conducted over Svalbard by comparing Lidar measurements and optical aerosol properties calculated from aerosol vertical profiles measured using a tethered balloon. Arctic Haze was present together with Icelandic dust. Chemical analysis of filter samples, aerosol size distribution and a full set of meteorological parameters were determined at ground. Moreover, scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDS) data were at disposal showing the presence of several mineralogical phases (i.e., sheet silicates, gypsum, quartz, rutile, hematite). The closure experiment was set up by calculating the backscattering coefficients from tethered balloon data and comparing them with the corresponding lidar profiles. This was preformed in three subsequent steps aimed at determining the importance of a complete aerosol speciation: (i) a simple, columnar refractive index was obtained by the closest Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) station, (ii) the role of water-soluble components, elemental carbon and organic matter (EC/OM) was addressed, (iii) the dust composition was included. When considering the AERONET data, or only the ionic water-soluble components and the EC/OM fraction, results showed an underestimation of the backscattering lidar signal up to 76, 53 and 45% (355, 532 and 1064 nm). Instead, when the dust contribution was included, the underestimation disappeared and the vertically-averaged, backscattering coefficients (1.45 ± 0.30, 0.69 ± 0.15 and 0.34 ± 0.08 Mm-1 sr-1, at 355, 532 and 1064 nm) were found in keeping with the lidar ones (1.60 ± 0.22, 0.75 ± 0.16 and 0.31 ± 0.08 Mm-1 sr-1). Final results were characterized by low RMSE (0.36, 0.08 and 0.04 Mm-1 sr-1) and a high linear correlation (R2 of 0.992, 0.992 and 0.994) with slopes close to one (1.368, 0.931 and 0.977, respectively). This work highlighted the importance of all the aerosol components and of the synergy between single particle and bulk chemical analysis for the optical property characterization in the Arctic.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Ferrero
- GEMMA and POLARIS Research Centers, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milan, Italy.
| | - C Ritter
- Alfred-Wegener Institut für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Forschungsstelle Potsdam, Telegraphenberg 43A, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
| | - D Cappelletti
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy; National Research Council, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, (CNR-ISAC), Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - B Moroni
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - G Močnik
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Jozef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - M Mazzola
- National Research Council, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, (CNR-ISAC), Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - A Lupi
- National Research Council, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, (CNR-ISAC), Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - S Becagli
- National Research Council, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, (CNR-ISAC), Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy; Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - R Traversi
- National Research Council, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, (CNR-ISAC), Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy; Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - M Cataldi
- GEMMA and POLARIS Research Centers, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - R Neuber
- Alfred-Wegener Institut für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Forschungsstelle Potsdam, Telegraphenberg 43A, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
| | - V Vitale
- National Research Council, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, (CNR-ISAC), Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - E Bolzacchini
- GEMMA and POLARIS Research Centers, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milan, Italy
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13
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Santangelo B, Harel M, Fourel I, Micieli F, Cataldi M, Segard-Weisse E, Portier K. Intranasal dexmedetomidine in healthy beagles: An echocardiographic and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic study. Vet J 2019; 251:105346. [PMID: 31492384 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2019.105346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the sedative and cardiovascular effects of dexmedetomidine (DEX) administrated via intranasal (IN) and intramuscular (IM) routes. This masked, randomised, crossover study used six male beagle dogs, receiving 0.02 mg/kg dexmedetomidine either IN (DEX-IN) or IM (DEX-IM), and an equal volume of saline by the alternative route. Dexmedetomidine plasma concentration was measured before (TB) and at time points (T) 2, 5, 10, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 min after drug administration (T0). Physiological variables, sedation scores and sedation times were recorded until recovery. Echocardiography was performed at TB and between T20-T40. Repeated data over time were analysed using a Scheirer-Ray-Hare test. Other data were compared using a Wilcoxon or Student's t test. Times from T0 to sternal position and from lateral to sternal position were longer for DEX-IN than DEX-IM (P = 0.018 and P = 0.009, respectively). Time from sternal to standing position was shorter for DEX-IN than DEX-IM (P = 0.03). Dexmedetomidine plasma concentrations were significantly lower for DEX-IN than DEX-IM from T10 to T120. Heart rate was significantly lower for DEX-IM than DEX-IN from T5 to T20. Echocardiography showed a decrease in systolic function and calculated cardiac output in DEX-IM as compared to baseline. The DEX concentration-sedation curve for DEX-IN as compared to DEX-IM was leftward shifted, whereas the IN and IM DEX concentration-variation-in-heart-rate curves overlapped. Although reaching lower plasma concentrations, IN dexmedetomidine produced similar sedation to IM dexmedetomidine without affecting cardiovascular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Santangelo
- Université Lyon, VetAgro Sup, Service d'Anesthésie, Marcy l'Etoile, 69280, France.
| | - M Harel
- Université Lyon, VetAgro Sup, Service d'imagerie médicale, Marcy l'Etoile, 69280, France
| | - I Fourel
- Université Lyon, INRA, VetAgro Sup, USC1233, RS2GP, Marcy l'Etoile, 69280, France
| | - F Micieli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Napoli Federico II, Napoli, 80137, Italy
| | - M Cataldi
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Napoli Federico II, Napoli, 80131, Italy
| | - E Segard-Weisse
- Université Lyon, VetAgro Sup, Service d'imagerie médicale, Marcy l'Etoile, 69280, France
| | - K Portier
- Université Lyon, VetAgro Sup, Service d'Anesthésie, Marcy l'Etoile, 69280, France; Université Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, INSERM, INRA, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Bron, 69500, France
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14
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De Luca V, Tramontano G, Del Giudice C, Grimaldi I, Romano R, Liguori I, Carpinelli Mazzi M, Di Carluccio N, Riccio PA, Speranza P, Iavarone A, Abete P, Postiglione A, Cataldi M, Vallone C, Giallauria F, Cittadini A, Triggiani M, Savastano S, Menditto E, Leonardini L, Colao A, Triassi M, Iaccarino G, Postiglione A, Coscioni E, Illario M. Innovative Approaches to Active and Healthy Ageing: Campania Experience to Improve the Adoption of Innovative Good Practices. Transl Med UniSa 2019; 19:116-123. [PMID: 31360676 PMCID: PMC6581492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The demographic projections on the European population predict that people aged over 60 will increase by about two million/year in the next decades. Since 2012, the Campania Reference Site of the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing supports the innovation of the Regional Health System, to face up demographic changes and sustainability. Campania Reference Site provides the opportunity to connect loco-regional stakeholders in social and health care services (universities, healthcare providers, social services, local communities and municipalities), with international organizations, in order to adopt and scale up innovative solutions and approaches. This paper describes the building process of Campania Reference Site and the main results achieved, that have been allowing it to become a hub for open innovation in the field of active and healthy aging at regional, national and international level.
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Affiliation(s)
- V De Luca
- Unità Operativa Semplice Ricerca e Sviluppo, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Federico II, Naples, Italy,
| | - G Tramontano
- Unità Operativa Semplice Ricerca e Sviluppo, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - C Del Giudice
- Unità Operativa Semplice Ricerca e Sviluppo, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - I Grimaldi
- Unità Operativa Semplice Ricerca e Sviluppo, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - R Romano
- Unità Operativa Semplice Ricerca e Sviluppo, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - I Liguori
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - M Carpinelli Mazzi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - PA Riccio
- Associazione Progetto Alfa Onlus, Marigliano NA, Italy
| | - P Speranza
- Unità Operativa Complessa Gestione Affari Generali, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - A Iavarone
- Unità Operativa Complessa di Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliera Specialistica Dei Colli - Monaldi-Cotugno-CTO, Naples, Italy
| | - P Abete
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - A Postiglione
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - M Cataldi
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Scienze Riproduttive ed Odontostomatologiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - C Vallone
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - F Giallauria
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - A Cittadini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - M Triggiani
- Dipartimento di Medicina, Chirurgia ed Odontoiatria, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - S Savastano
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - E Menditto
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - L Leonardini
- Progetto Mattone Internazionale Salute, Ministero della Salute, Rome, Italy
| | - A Colao
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - M Triassi
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - G Iaccarino
- Dipartimento di Scienze biomediche avanzate, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - A Postiglione
- Direzione Generale per la Tutela della Salute e il Coordinamento del Sistema Sanitario Regionale (DG04), Regione Campania, Naples, Italy
| | - E Coscioni
- Struttura Dipartimentale di Chirurgia dell’Aorta Ascendente e Toracica, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona, Salerno, Italy
| | - M Illario
- Unità Operativa Semplice Ricerca e Sviluppo, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Federico II, Naples, Italy,Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy,Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy,Consorzio Farmacie Servizi (COFASER), Sarno SA, Italy,Associazione Progetto Alfa Onlus, Marigliano NA, Italy,Unità Operativa Complessa Gestione Affari Generali, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Federico II, Naples, Italy,Unità Operativa Complessa di Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliera Specialistica Dei Colli - Monaldi-Cotugno-CTO, Naples, Italy,Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Scienze Riproduttive ed Odontostomatologiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy,Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy,Dipartimento di Medicina, Chirurgia ed Odontoiatria, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Salerno, Italy,Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy,Progetto Mattone Internazionale Salute, Ministero della Salute, Rome, Italy,Dipartimento di Scienze biomediche avanzate, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy,Direzione Generale per la Tutela della Salute e il Coordinamento del Sistema Sanitario Regionale (DG04), Regione Campania, Naples, Italy,Struttura Dipartimentale di Chirurgia dell’Aorta Ascendente e Toracica, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona, Salerno, Italy,Unità Operativa Dipartimentale Promozione e potenziamento di programmi Health Innovation (DG04), Regione Campania, Naples, Italy
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15
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Illario M, Coscioni E, De Luca V, Cataldi M, Postiglione A, Iaccarino G. Editorial: Multi-Actor Collaboration in Healthcare to Address the Emerging Health Needs of an Aging Population. Transl Med UniSa 2019; 19:1-4. [PMID: 31360660 PMCID: PMC6581499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M Illario
- Campania Region Division for Health Innovation, and Department of Public Health, Federico II University and Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - E Coscioni
- Department of Heart Surgery, San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona Hospital, Salerno, Italy
| | - V De Luca
- Research and Development Unit, Federico II University Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - M Cataldi
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - A Postiglione
- General Directorate for Health Protection and the Coordination of Regional Health System, Campania Region, Naples, Italy
| | - G Iaccarino
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Guida B, Parolisi S, Coco M, Ruoppo T, Veccia R, di Maro M, Trio R, Memoli A, Cataldi M. The impact of a nutritional intervention based on egg white for phosphorus control in hemodialyis patients. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2019; 29:45-50. [PMID: 30459073 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2018.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Here we describe a dietary intervention for hyperphosphatemia in dialysis patients based on the partial replacement of meat and fish, which are one of the main sources of alimentary phosphorous, with egg white, a virtually phosphorous-free protein source. This intervention aims to reduce phosphorous intake without causing protein wasting. PATIENTS AND METHODS As many as 23 hyperphosphatemic patients (15 male and 8 female, mean age 53.0 ± 10.0 years) on chronic standard 4 h, three times weekly, bicarbonate hemodialysis were enrolled in this open-label, randomized controlled trial. Patients in the intervention group were instructed to replace fish or meat with egg white in three meals a week for three months whereas diet was unchanged in the control group. RESULTS Serum phosphate concentrations were significantly lower in the intervention group than in controls after three (4.9 ± 1.0 vs 6.6 ± 0.8; p < 0.001) but not after one month of treatment. Phosphate concentrations decreased more from baseline in the intervention than in the control group both after one (-1,2 ± 1,1 vs 0,5 ± 1,1; p = 0.004) and after three (-1,7 ± 1,1 vs -0,6 ± 1,1; p < 0.001) months of follow-up. No change either in body weight or in body composition assessed with bioelectrical impedance analysis or in serum albumin concentration was observed in either group. CONCLUSION The partial replacement of meat and fish with egg white induces a significant decrease in serum phosphate without causing protein malnutrition and could represent a useful instrument to control serum phosphate levels in hemodialysis patients. CLINICALTRIALS. GOV IDENTIFIER NCT03236701.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Guida
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Physiology Nutrition Unit, Federico II University of Naples, Italy; Federico II University Hospital, Naples, Italy.
| | - S Parolisi
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Physiology Nutrition Unit, Federico II University of Naples, Italy
| | - M Coco
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Physiology Nutrition Unit, Federico II University of Naples, Italy
| | - T Ruoppo
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Physiology Nutrition Unit, Federico II University of Naples, Italy
| | - R Veccia
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Physiology Nutrition Unit, Federico II University of Naples, Italy
| | - M di Maro
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Physiology Nutrition Unit, Federico II University of Naples, Italy
| | - R Trio
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Physiology Nutrition Unit, Federico II University of Naples, Italy; Federico II University Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - A Memoli
- Department of Public Health, Nephrology Section, Federico II University of Naples, Italy; Federico II University Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - M Cataldi
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, Division of Pharmacology, Federico II University of Naples, Italy; Federico II University Hospital, Naples, Italy
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Guida B, Cataldi M, Busetto L, Aiello ML, Musella M, Capone D, Parolisi S, Policastro V, Ragozini G, Belfiore A. Predictors of fat-free mass loss 1 year after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. J Endocrinol Invest 2018; 41:1307-1315. [PMID: 29574529 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-018-0868-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is one of the most frequently performed bariatric surgery interventions because of its safety and efficacy. Nevertheless, concerns have been raised on its detrimental effect on patient nutritional state that can ultimately lead to the loss of fat-free mass (FFM). There is interest in identifying predictors for the early identification of patients at risk of this highly unwanted adverse because they could benefit of nutritional preventive interventions. Therefore, we investigated whether anthropometric parameters, body composition or resting energy expenditure (REE) measured before surgery could predict FFM loss 1 year after LSG. METHODS Study design was retrospective observational. We retrieved data on body weight, BMI, body composition and REE before and 1 year after LSG from the medical files of 36 patients operated on by LSG at our institutions. Simple regression, the Oldham's method and multilevel analysis were used to identify predictors of FFM loss. RESULTS Averaged percentage FFM loss 1 year after LSG was 17.0 ± 7.7% with significant differences between sexes (20.8 ± 6.6 in males and 12.2 ± 6.1% in females, p < 0.001). FFM loss was strongly predicted by pre-surgery FFM and this effect persisted also after correcting for the contribution of sex. CONCLUSIONS High FFM values before surgery predict a more severe FFM loss after LSG. This factor could also account for the higher FFM loss in men than in women. Our finding could help in the early identification of patient requiring a nutritional support after LSG.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Guida
- Division of Physiology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini n°5, 80131, Naples, Italy.
- Federico II University Hospital, Naples, Italy.
| | - M Cataldi
- Federico II University Hospital, Naples, Italy
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - L Busetto
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - M L Aiello
- Division of Physiology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini n°5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - M Musella
- Federico II University Hospital, Naples, Italy
- Division of Surgery, Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - D Capone
- Federico II University Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - S Parolisi
- Division of Physiology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini n°5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - V Policastro
- Division of Statistics, Department of Political Science, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - G Ragozini
- Division of Statistics, Department of Political Science, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - A Belfiore
- Division of Physiology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini n°5, 80131, Naples, Italy
- Federico II University Hospital, Naples, Italy
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18
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Arcopinto M, Cataldi M, De Luca V, Orlando V, Simeone G, D’Assante R, Postiglione A, Guida A, Trama U, Illario M, Ferrara N, Coscioni E, Iaccarino G, Cuccaro P, D’Onofrio G, Vigorito C, Cittadini A, Menditto E. Implementing an ICT-Based Polypharmacy Management Program in Italy. Transl Med UniSa 2017; 16:24-29. [PMID: 28775966 PMCID: PMC5536159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Although there is evidence of a growing awareness of the problem, no official policy statements or regulatory guidelines on polypharmacy have been released up to date by Italian Health Authorities. Medication review, application of appropriateness criteria and computerized prescription support systems are all possible approaches in order to improve the quality of prescribing in older persons. More focused training courses on multimorbidity and polytherapy management are encouraged. Furthermore a multidisciplinary approach integrating different health care professionals (physicians, pharmacists, and nurses) may positively impact on reducing the sense of fear related to discontinue or substitute drugs prescribed by others; the fragmentation of therapy among different specialists; reducing costs; and improving adverse drug reaction detection and reporting. Aiming at achieving the individualized pharmacotherapy, a multidisciplinary approach starting with identification of patients and risk for drug-related problems, followed by medication review overtime and use of inappropriateness criteria, supported by computerized systems has been proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Arcopinto
- Dipartimento Assistenziale ad Attività Integrata di Medicina Interna e Patologia Clinica, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Divisione di Medicina Interna e Riabilitazione Cardiologica, Università di Napoli Federico II, Milano, Italy
| | - M. Cataldi
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Scienze Riproduttive ed Odontostomatologiche, Divisione di Farmacologia, Università di Napoli Federico II, Milano, Italy
| | - V. De Luca
- U.O.S. Ricerca e Sviluppo, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitarià Federico II, Milano, Italy
| | - V. Orlando
- Facoltà di Farmacia, CIRFF/Centro di Farmacoeconomia, Università di Napoli Federico II, Milano, Italy
| | - G. Simeone
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Scienze Riproduttive ed Odontostomatologiche, Divisione di Farmacologia, Università di Napoli Federico II, Milano, Italy
| | - R. D’Assante
- Dipartimento di Cardiochirurgia, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milano, Italy
| | - A. Postiglione
- U.O.S. Ricerca e Sviluppo, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitarià Federico II, Milano, Italy
| | - A. Guida
- U.O.S. Ricerca e Sviluppo, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitarià Federico II, Milano, Italy
| | - U. Trama
- U.O.S. Ricerca e Sviluppo, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitarià Federico II, Milano, Italy
| | - M. Illario
- U.O.S. Ricerca e Sviluppo, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitarià Federico II, Milano, Italy
| | - N. Ferrara
- Divisione di Geriatria, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Divisione di Medicina Interna e Riabilitazione Cardiologica, Università di Napoli Federico II, Salerno, Italy
| | - E. Coscioni
- Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria OO.RR. San Giovanni di Dio Ruggi d’Aragona, Salerno, Italy
| | - G. Iaccarino
- Dipartimento di Medicina, Chirurgia e Odontoiatria, Scuola Medica Salernitana, Università di Salerno, Italy
| | - P. Cuccaro
- U.O.S. Ricerca e Sviluppo, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitarià Federico II, Milano, Italy
| | - G. D’Onofrio
- Direzione Sanitaria, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Federico II, Napoli, Italia
| | - C. Vigorito
- Dipartimento Assistenziale ad Attività Integrata di Medicina Interna e Patologia Clinica, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Divisione di Medicina Interna e Riabilitazione Cardiologica, Università di Napoli Federico II, Milano, Italy
| | - A. Cittadini
- Dipartimento Assistenziale ad Attività Integrata di Medicina Interna e Patologia Clinica, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Divisione di Medicina Interna e Riabilitazione Cardiologica, Università di Napoli Federico II, Milano, Italy
| | - E. Menditto
- Facoltà di Farmacia, CIRFF/Centro di Farmacoeconomia, Università di Napoli Federico II, Milano, Italy
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Belfiore A, Cataldi M, Minichini L, Aiello ML, Trio R, Rossetti G, Guida B. Short-Term Changes in Body Composition and Response to Micronutrient Supplementation After Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy. Obes Surg 2016; 25:2344-51. [PMID: 25948283 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-015-1700-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We evaluated dietary intakes, body composition, micronutrient deficiency, and response to micronutrient supplementation in 47 patients before and for 6 months after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG). METHODS Before, 3, and 6 months after LSG, we measured dietary intakes with food-frequency questionnaires, body composition with bioimpedance analysis (BIA) and bioelectrical vector analysis (BIVA), and plasma concentrations of iron, Zn, water-, and lipo-soluble vitamins. RESULTS After LSG, energy intake significantly decreased and patients lost weight, fat mass, and free-fat mass. BIVA showed a substantial loss of soft tissue body cell mass (BCM) with no change in hydration. Before surgery, 15 % of patients were iron deficient, 30 % had low levels of zinc and/or water-soluble vitamins, and 32 % of vitamin 25(OH)-D3. We treated iron deficiency with ferrous sulfate, isolated folate deficiency with N5-methyiltetrahydrofolate-Ca-pentahydrate, and deficiencies in vitamin B1, B12, or Zn, with or without concomitant folate deficiency, with multivitamin. No supplementation was given to vitamin 25(OH)-D3 deficient patients. At first follow-up, 7 % of patients developed new deficiencies in iron, 7 % in folic acid (n = 3), and 36 % in water-soluble vitamins and/or zinc whereas no new deficit in vitamin 25(OH)-D3 occurred. At final follow-up, deficiencies were corrected in all patients treated with either iron or folate but only in 32 % of those receiving multivitamin. Vitamin 25(OH)-D3 deficiency was corrected in 73 % of patients even though these patients were not supplemented. CONCLUSION LSG-induced weight loss is accompanied by a decrease in BCM with no body fluid alterations. Deficiencies in water-soluble vitamins and Zn respond poorly to multivitamin supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Belfiore
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Division of Physiology, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini n 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - M Cataldi
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Odontostomatologic Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - L Minichini
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Division of Physiology, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini n 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - M L Aiello
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Division of Physiology, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini n 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - R Trio
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Division of Physiology, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini n 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - G Rossetti
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - B Guida
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Division of Physiology, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini n 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.
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Santangelo B, Micieli F, Marino F, Reynaud F, Cassandro P, Carfora A, Petrella R, Borriello R, Cataldi M, Vesce G. Plasma concentrations and sedative effects of a dexmedetomidine, midazolam, and butorphanol combination after transnasal administration in healthy rabbits. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2015; 39:408-11. [PMID: 26687556 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Plasma concentrations of dexmedetomidine (D = 0.1 mg/kg), midazolam (M = 2 mg/kg), and butorphanol (B = 0.4 mg/kg) were analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) after their simultaneous (DMB) transnasal (TN) administration to healthy rabbits. Time-dependent changes in sedation and antinociception were evaluated by measuring a sedation score based on rabbit's posture, loss of the righting, palpebral and pedal withdrawal reflexes and by instrumental monitoring of rectal temperature, heart rate, arterial blood pressure, pulse-oximetry, and capnometry. The peak plasma concentration (Cmax ) of each drug was reached within 5 min (Tmax ) from DMB-TN administration along with deep sedation and analgesia. Such effects subsided after 45 min into a moderate sedation and analgesia lasting for additional 15 min. All rabbits awakened spontaneously and uneventfully 90 min after DMB-TN administration. During the anesthetic procedure, arterial blood pressure markedly decreased and respiratory depression ensued requiring oxygen supplementation. The results of this study show that all three molecules of the DMB combination were absorbed through the TN route, inducing deep sedation and analgesia suitable for minor surgical procedures. Such combination should be used with caution in rabbits bearing cardiovascular or respiratory diseases because of its ability to induce hypotension and respiratory depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Santangelo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - F Micieli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - F Marino
- Clinica veterinaria Animalia srls, Aversa, Caserta, Italy
| | - F Reynaud
- Clinica veterinaria Sannio, Sant'Angelo a Cupolo, Benevento, Italy
| | - P Cassandro
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Laboratory of Forensic Toxicology, School of Medicine, Second University of Napoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - A Carfora
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Laboratory of Forensic Toxicology, School of Medicine, Second University of Napoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - R Petrella
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Laboratory of Forensic Toxicology, School of Medicine, Second University of Napoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - R Borriello
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Laboratory of Forensic Toxicology, School of Medicine, Second University of Napoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - M Cataldi
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Odontostomatologic Sciences, University of Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - G Vesce
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy
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Guida B, Germanò R, Trio R, Russo D, Memoli B, Grumetto L, Barbato F, Cataldi M. Effect of short-term synbiotic treatment on plasma p-cresol levels in patients with chronic renal failure: a randomized clinical trial. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2014; 24:1043-1049. [PMID: 24929795 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2014.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Revised: 04/04/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS In patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), alterations in gut microbiome are posited to be responsible for gastrointestinal symptoms and generation of p-cresol, a uremic toxin that has been associated with CKD progression and cardiovascular mortality. This pilot study investigated whether Probinul-neutro®, a synbiotic that normalizes intestinal microflora, may lower plasma p-cresol concentrations and reduce gastrointestinal symptoms in non-dialyzed CKD patients. METHODS AND RESULTS This was a double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled trial. Thirty patients on 3-4 CKD stages were randomized to receive either Probinul neutro® or placebo for 4 weeks. Total plasma p-cresol concentration was assessed at baseline, and 15 and 30 days after treatment start. At the same study times, ease and frequency of defecation, upper and lower abdominal pain, stool shape, borborygmi, and flatus were quantified by subjective assessment questionnaires. Compared to baseline total plasma p-cresol median concentrations on 15th and 30th day were significantly lower in patients receiving Probinul-neutro® (2.31 and 0.78 vs. 3.05 μg/ml, p < 0.05; n = 18); no changes of plasma p-cresol concentrations were recorded in placebo-treated patients. No significant changes in gastrointestinal symptoms were observed during the study both in Probinul-neutro®-treated and placebo-treated patients. CONCLUSION Probinul-neutro® lowered total plasma p-cresol concentrations but did not ameliorate gastrointestinal symptoms in non-dialyzed CKD patients. Because high plasma concentrations of p-cresol in early phases of CKD are predictive of progression to end-stage renal disease, the results of our study suggest that synbiotics deserve attention as possible tools to delay CKD progression towards end-stage renal disease (ESRD). CLINICALTRIALSGOV IDENTIFIER NCT02008331.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Guida
- Division of Physiology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University of Naples, Italy.
| | - R Germanò
- Division of Physiology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University of Naples, Italy
| | - R Trio
- Division of Physiology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University of Naples, Italy
| | - D Russo
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Public Health, Federico II University of Naples, Italy
| | - B Memoli
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Public Health, Federico II University of Naples, Italy
| | - L Grumetto
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, Federico II University of Naples, Italy
| | - F Barbato
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, Federico II University of Naples, Italy
| | - M Cataldi
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Odontostomatologic Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Italy
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Hazrati Marangalou J, Eckstein F, Kuhn V, Ito K, Cataldi M, Taddei F, van Rietbergen B. Locally measured microstructural parameters are better associated with vertebral strength than whole bone density. Osteoporos Int 2014; 25:1285-96. [PMID: 24306231 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-013-2591-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2013] [Accepted: 11/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Whole vertebrae areal and volumetric bone mineral density (BMD) measurements are not ideal predictors of vertebral fractures. We introduce a technique which enables quantification of bone microstructural parameters at precisely defined anatomical locations. Results show that local assessment of bone volume fraction at the optimal location can substantially improve the prediction of vertebral strength. INTRODUCTION Whole vertebrae areal and volumetric BMD measurements are not ideal predictors of vertebral osteoporotic fractures. Recent studies have shown that sampling bone microstructural parameters in smaller regions may permit better predictions. In such studies, however, the sampling location is described only in general anatomical terms. Here, we introduce a technique that enables the quantification of bone volume fraction and microstructural parameters at precisely defined anatomical locations. Specific goals of this study were to investigate at what anatomical location within the vertebrae local bone volume fraction best predicts vertebral-body strength, whether this prediction can be improved by adding microstructural parameters and to explore if this approach could better predict vertebral-body strength than whole bone volume fraction and finite element (FE) analyses. METHODS Eighteen T12 vertebrae were scanned in a micro-computed tomography (CT) system and FE meshes were made using a mesh-morphing tool. For each element, bone microstructural parameters were measured and correlated with vertebral compressive strength as measured experimentally. Whole bone volume fraction and FE-predicted vertebral strength were also compared to the experimental measurements. RESULTS A significant association between local bone volume fraction measured at a specific central region and vertebral-body strength was found that could explain up to 90% of the variation. When including all microstructural parameters in the regression, the predictive value of local measurements could be increased to 98%. Whole bone volume fraction could explain only 64% and FE analyses 76% of the variation in bone strength. CONCLUSIONS A local assessment of volume fraction at the optimal location can substantially improve the prediction of bone strength. Local assessment of other microstructural parameters may further improve this prediction but is not clinically feasible using current technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hazrati Marangalou
- Orthopaedic Biomechanics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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Cataldi M, Sblendorio V, Leo A, Piazza O. Biofilm-dependent airway infections: a role for ambroxol? Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2013; 28:98-108. [PMID: 24252805 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2013.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2013] [Revised: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Biofilms are a key factor in the development of both acute and chronic airway infections. Their relevance is well established in ventilator associated pneumonia, one of the most severe complications in critically ill patients, and in cystic fibrosis, the most common lethal genetic disease in Caucasians. Accumulating evidence suggests that biofilms could have also a role in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and their involvement in bronchiectasis has been proposed as well. When they grow in biofilms, microorganisms become multidrug-resistant. Therefore the treatment of biofilm-dependent airway infections is problematic. Indeed, it still largely based on measures aiming to prevent the formation of biofilms or remove them once that they are formed. Here we review recent evidence suggesting that the mucokinetic drug ambroxol has specific anti-biofilm properties. We also discuss how additional pharmacological properties of this drug could be beneficial in biofilm-dependent airway infections. Specifically, we review the evidence showing that: 1-ambroxol exerts anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting at multiple levels the activity of neutrophils, and 2-it improves mucociliary clearance by interfering with the activity of airway epithelium ion channels and transporters including sodium/bicarbonate and sodium/potassium/chloride cotransporters, cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator and aquaporins. As a whole, the data that we review here suggest that ambroxol could be helpful in biofilm-dependent airway infections. However, considering the limited clinical evidence available up to date, further clinical studies are required to support the use of ambroxol in these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cataldi
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Odontostomatologic Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy.
| | - V Sblendorio
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Odontostomatologic Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - A Leo
- Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Græcia of Catanzaro, University Campus "Salvatore Venuta", Viale Europa, I-88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - O Piazza
- University of Salerno, Via Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
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Hazrati Marangalou J, Ito K, Cataldi M, Taddei F, van Rietbergen B. A novel approach to estimate trabecular bone anisotropy using a database approach. J Biomech 2013; 46:2356-62. [PMID: 23972430 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2013.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2013] [Revised: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 07/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Continuum finite element (FE) models of bones have become a standard pre-clinical tool to estimate bone strength. These models are usually based on clinical CT scans and material properties assigned are chosen as isotropic based only on the density distribution. It has been shown, however, that trabecular bone elastic behavior is best described as orthotropic. Unfortunately, the use of orthotropic models in FE analysis derived from CT scans is hampered by the fact that the measurement of a trabecular orientation (fabric) is not possible from clinical CT images due to the low resolution of such images. In this study, we explore the concept of using a database (DB) of high-resolution bone models to derive the fabric information that is missing in clinical images. The goal of this study was to investigate if models with fabric derived from a relatively small database can already produce more accurate results than isotropic models. A DB of 33 human proximal femurs was generated from micro-CT scans with a nominal isotropic resolution of 82 µm. Continuum FE models were generated from the images using a pre-defined mesh template in combination with an iso-anatomic mesh morphing tool. Each element within the mesh template is at a specific anatomical location. For each element within the cancellous bone, a spherical region around the element centroid with a radius of 2mm was defined. Bone volume fraction and the mean-intercept-length fabric tensor were analyzed for that region. Ten femurs were used as test cases. For each test femur, four different models were generated: (1) an orthotropic model based on micro-CT fabric measurements (gold standard), (2) an orthotropic model based on the fabric derived from the best-matched database model, (3) an isotropic-I model in which the fabric tensor was set to the identity tensor, and (4) a second isotropic-II model with its total bone stiffness fitted to the gold standard. An elastic-plastic damage model was used to simulate failure and post failure behavior during a fall to the side. The results show that all models produce a similar stress distribution. However, compared to the gold standard, both isotropic-I and II models underestimated the stress/damage distributions significantly. We found no significant difference between DB-derived and gold standard models. Compared to the gold standard, the isotropic-I models further underestimated whole bone stiffness by 26.3% and ultimate load by 14.5%, while these differences for the DB-derived orthotropic models were only 4.9% and 3.1% respectively. The results indicate that the concept of using a DB to estimate patient-specific anisotropic material properties can considerably improve the results. We expect that this approach can lead to more accurate results in particular for cases where bone anisotropy plays an important role, such as in osteoporotic patients and around implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Hazrati Marangalou
- Orthopaedic Biomechanics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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Uliano E, Cataldi M, Carella F, Migliaccio O, Iaccarino D, Agnisola C. Effects of acute changes in salinity and temperature on routine metabolism and nitrogen excretion in gambusia (Gambusia affinis) and zebrafish (Danio rerio). Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2010; 157:283-90. [PMID: 20674761 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2010.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2010] [Revised: 07/22/2010] [Accepted: 07/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Acute stress may affect metabolism and nitrogen excretion as part of the adaptive response that allows animals to face adverse environmental changes. In the present paper the acute effects of different salinities and temperatures on routine metabolism, spontaneous activity and excretion of ammonia and urea were studied in two freshwater fish: gambusia, Gambusia affinis and zebrafish, Danio rerio, acclimated to 27 degrees C. The effects on gill morphology were also evaluated. Five salinities (0 per thousand, 10 per thousand, 20 per thousand, 30 per thousand and 35 per thousand) were tested in gambusia, while four salinities were used in zebrafish (0 per thousand, 10 per thousand, 20 per thousand and 25 per thousand). Each salinity acute stress was tested alone or in combination with an acute temperature reduction to 20 degrees C. In gambusia, both salinity and temperature acute stress strongly stimulated urea excretion. Routine oxygen consumption was barely affected by acute salinity or temperature stress, and was reduced by the combined effects of temperature and high salinity. Gills maintained their structural integrity in all stressing conditions; hyperplasia and hypertrophy of mitochondria-rich cells were observed. In zebrafish, temperature and salinity acute changes, both alone and in combination, scarcely affected any parameter tested. The major effect observed was a reduction of nitrogen excretion at 20 degrees C-25 per thousand; under these extreme conditions a significant structural disruption of gills was observed. These results confirm the high tolerance to acute salinity and temperature stress in gambusia, and demonstrate the involvement of urea excretion modulation in the stress response in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Uliano
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Italy
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Castaldo P, Cataldi M, Magi S, Lariccia V, Arcangeli S, Amoroso S. Role of the mitochondrial sodium/calcium exchanger in neuronal physiology and in the pathogenesis of neurological diseases. Prog Neurobiol 2008; 87:58-79. [PMID: 18952141 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2008.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2008] [Revised: 09/23/2008] [Accepted: 09/29/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In neurons, as in other excitable cells, mitochondria extrude Ca(2+) ions from their matrix in exchange with cytosolic Na(+) ions. This exchange is mediated by a specific transporter located in the inner mitochondrial membrane, the mitochondrial Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger (NCX(mito)). The stoichiometry of NCX(mito)-operated Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchange has been the subject of a long controversy, but evidence of an electrogenic 3 Na(+)/1 Ca(2+) exchange is increasing. Although the molecular identity of NCX(mito) is still undetermined, data obtained in our laboratory suggest that besides the long-sought and as yet unfound mitochondrial-specific NCX, the three isoforms of plasmamembrane NCX can contribute to NCX(mito) in neurons and astrocytes. NCX(mito) has a role in controlling neuronal Ca(2+) homeostasis and neuronal bioenergetics. Indeed, by cycling the Ca(2+) ions captured by mitochondria back to the cytosol, NCX(mito) determines a shoulder in neuronal [Ca(2+)](c) responses to neurotransmitters and depolarizing stimuli which may then outlast stimulus duration. This persistent NCX(mito)-dependent Ca(2+) release has a role in post-tetanic potentiation, a form of short-term synaptic plasticity. By controlling [Ca(2+)](m) NCX(mito) regulates the activity of the Ca(2+)-sensitive enzymes pyruvate-, alpha-ketoglutarate- and isocitrate-dehydrogenases and affects the activity of the respiratory chain. Convincing experimental evidence suggests that supraphysiological activation of NCX(mito) contributes to neuronal cell death in the ischemic brain and, in epileptic neurons coping with seizure-induced ion overload, reduces the ability to reestablish normal ionic homeostasis. These data suggest that NCX(mito) could represent an important target for the development of new neurological drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Castaldo
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Pharmacology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Tronto 10/A, 60020 Torrette di Ancona, Ancona, Italy
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Agnisola C, Uliano E, Cataldi M, De Vico G. Effects of acute changes in salinity and temperature on routine metabolism and nitrogen excretion in zebrafish and gambusia. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2008.05.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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De Vico G, Cataldi M, Carella F, Marino F, Passantino A. Histological, histochemical and morphometric changes of splenic melanomacrophage centers (SMMCs) in Sparicotyle-infected cultured sea breams (Sparus aurata). Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2008; 30:27-35. [PMID: 18306102 DOI: 10.1080/08923970701812290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Diseases caused by parasites are much more frequently described in cultured fish, which suffer from artificial conditions and numerous stress factors. This study investigates the histological, histochemical and morphometric modifications of splenic melanomacrophage centers (SMMCs) infected by Sparicotyle chrisophrii (Monogenea, ectoparasite of the gills) in sea breams (Sparus aurata), cultured in floating cages in the Gulf of Gaeta (Italy). Infected fish swam near the water surface, showing severe signs of anemia. Several spleens were collected from both healthy and dead fish (70-100 gr. body weight). A spleen histopathology was evaluated by using traditional stainings, such as Haematoxylin and Eosin (HE), Periodic Acid-Schiff reaction (PAS), Perl's reaction for haemosiderin and Schmorl's reaction for lipofuscins. Furthermore, SMMCs morphometry was performed on PAS-stained sections to study 7 morphometric parameters [Mean SMMCs profile area (MPA), Mean SMMCs maximum diameter (Media), Mean SMMCs minimum diameter (media), Mean SMMCs diameter (Dia), Mean SMMCs Perimeter (P), Mean SMMCs Form Factor (FF) and Mean SMMCs number per square millimeter of spleen tissue (MN)]. A light microscope of HE stained sections of spleen revealed a dramatic increase in the size and number of SMMCs in parasitized animals. Morphometric data illustrated statistically significant differences (p < 0.01) of all studied parameters between healthy and diseased fish. This study emphasizes the importance of using histopathological investigations to unravel the complex biological host/parasite interaction, which results in systemic lesions affecting reared marine species.
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Affiliation(s)
- G De Vico
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
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Cataldi M, Lariccia V, Marzaioli V, Cavaccini A, Curia G, Viggiano D, Canzoniero LMT, di Renzo G, Avoli M, Annunziato L. Zn2+ Slows Down CaV3.3 Gating Kinetics: Implications for Thalamocortical Activity. J Neurophysiol 2007; 98:2274-84. [PMID: 17699699 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00889.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We employed whole cell patch-clamp recordings to establish the effect of Zn2+ on the gating the brain specific, T-type channel isoform CaV3.3 expressed in HEK-293 cells. Zn2+ (300 μM) modified the gating kinetics of this channel without influencing its steady-state properties. When inward Ca2+ currents were elicited by step depolarizations at voltages above the threshold for channel opening, current inactivation was significantly slowed down while current activation was moderately affected. In addition, Zn2+ slowed down channel deactivation but channel recovery from inactivation was only modestly changed. Zn2+ also decreased whole cell Ca2+ permeability to 45% of control values. In the presence of Zn2+, Ca2+ currents evoked by mock action potentials were more persistent than in its absence. Furthermore, computer simulation of action potential generation in thalamic reticular cells performed to model the gating effect of Zn2+ on T-type channels (while leaving the kinetic parameters of voltage-gated Na+ and K+ unchanged) revealed that Zn2+ increased the frequency and the duration of burst firing, which is known to depend on T-type channel activity. In line with this finding, we discovered that chelation of endogenous Zn2+ decreased the frequency of occurrence of ictal-like epileptiform discharges in rat thalamocortical slices perfused with medium containing the convulsant 4-aminopyridine (50 μM). These data demonstrate that Zn2+ modulates CaV3.3 channel gating thus leading to increased neuronal excitability. We also propose that endogenous Zn2+ may have a role in controlling thalamocortical oscillations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cataldi
- Divisione di Farmacologia, Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Annunziato L, Pignataro G, Boscia F, Sirabella R, Formisano L, Saggese M, Cuomo O, Gala R, Secondo A, Viggiano D, Molinaro P, Valsecchi V, Tortiglione A, Adornetto A, Scorziello A, Cataldi M, Di Renzo GF. ncx1, ncx2, and ncx3 gene product expression and function in neuronal anoxia and brain ischemia. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2007; 1099:413-26. [PMID: 17446481 DOI: 10.1196/annals.1387.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Over the last few years, although extensive studies have focused on the relevant function played by the sodium-calcium exchanger (NCX) during focal ischemia, a thorough understanding of its role still remains a controversial issue. We explored the consequences of the pharmacological inhibition of this antiporter with conventional pharmacological approach, with the synthetic inhibitory peptide, XIP, or with an antisense strategy on the extent of brain damage induced by the permanent occlusion of middle cerebral artery (pMCAO) in rats. Collectively, the results of these studies suggest that ncx1 and ncx3 genes could be play a major role to limit the severity of ischemic damage probably as they act to dampen [Na+]i and [Ca2+]i overload. This mechanism seems to be normally activated in the ischemic brain as we found a selective upregulation of NCX1 and NCX3 mRNA levels in regions of the brain surviving to an ischemic insult. Despite this transcript increase, NCX1, NCX2, and NCX3 proteins undergo an extensive proteolytic degradation in the ipsilateral cerebral hemisphere. All together these results suggest that a rescue program centered on an increase NCX function and expression could halt the progression of the ischemic damage. On the basis of this evidence we directed our attention to the understanding of the transductional and transcriptional pathways responsible for NCX upregulation. To this aim, we are studying whether the brain isoform of Akt, Akt1, which is a downstream effector of neurotrophic factors, such as NGF can, in addition to affecting the other prosurvival cascades, also exert its neuroprotective effect by modulating the expression and activity of ncx1, ncx2, and ncx3 gene products.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Annunziato
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.
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De Vico G, Maiolino P, Cataldi M, Mazzullo G, Restucci B. Nuclear Morphometry in Relation to Lymph Node Status in Canine Mammary Carcinomas. Vet Res Commun 2007; 31:1005-11. [PMID: 17279466 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-006-0108-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/14/2006] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The assessment of nuclear area and nuclear shape by morphometric analysis, has been investigated in 40 canine mammary carcinomas in relation to their metastatic behaviour to regional lymph-nodes. The tumours were reviewed by two experienced pathologists blinded regarding their lymph-node status, and were classified according to the histogenetically based criteria suggested by Benjamin et al. (1999). Twenty of these tumours showed lymph-node metastases (node-positive), and the other twenty were node-negative. Node-positive tumours included 6 simple adenocarcinomas, 10 ductular carcinomas, 2 anaplastic carcinomas and 2 carcinomas in mixed tumours; node-negative tumours included 18 adenocarcinomas %96, 10 simple adenocarcinomas, 8 complex adenocarcinomas %96, and 2 carcinomas in mixed tumours. Node-positive tumours showed MNA and mean SDA values significantly higher (p<0.001) than node-negative carcinomas. Data of this study, seems to confirm the importance of an histogenetically based classification in canine mammary tumours, also suggesting that morphometry may increase our prognostic performances allowing a reproducible method for detecting individual tumours with higher metastatic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- G De Vico
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Messina, Italy.
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Maiolino P, Cataldi M, Paciello O, Restucci B, De Vico G. Nucleomorphometric Analysis of Canine Cutaneous Mast Cell Tumours. J Comp Pathol 2005; 133:209-11. [PMID: 16045919 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2005.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2004] [Accepted: 02/10/2005] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Thirty-five canine cutaneous mast cell tumours (CCMCTs) were analysed by computerized nuclear morphometry. In each case, the nuclei of at least 100 neoplastic cells were measured, and the mean nuclear area (MNA), mean nuclear perimeter (MNP) and mean nuclear form factor (FF) were calculated. Significant differences in respect of MNA and MNP occurred between tumours of grades I and III and between those of grades II and III (P<0.01) but not between tumours of grades I and II (P>0.01). No significant differences in respect of FF were observed between tumours of different grades. The results obtained indicate that nuclear morphometric analysis may assist in the grading of CMCTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Maiolino
- Dipartimento di Patologia e Sanità Animale, Settore di Anatomia Patologica, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Delpino 1, 80137 Napoli, Italy
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Martano M, Maiolino P, Cataldi M, Restucci B. Evaluation of angiogenesis by morphometric analysis of blood vessels in dysplastic and neoplastic lesions of canine gingiva. Vet Res Commun 2004; 28 Suppl 1:299-301. [PMID: 15372982 DOI: 10.1023/b:verc.0000045431.82158.4e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Martano
- Department of Pathology and Animal Health, Section of Pathologic Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine--Faculty of Biotechnology Science, University Federico II Naples--Italy.
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Taglialatela M, Castaldo P, Pannaccione A, Secondo A, Cataldi M, Boscia F, Annunziato L. First- and second-generation H1 antihistamines: from the molecular basis of their interaction with HERG K+ channels to physiological and pathophysiological implication. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-9725.2004.00053.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Taglialatela M, Pannaccione A, Cataldi M, Castaldo P, Secondo A, Iossa S, Di Renzo GF, Annunziato L. 'Janus face' of nitric oxide action on plasma membrane and intracellular ionic channels. Arch Gerontol Geriatr Suppl 2001; 7:379-94. [PMID: 11431090 DOI: 10.1016/s0167-4943(01)00165-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Taglialatela
- Unit of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Napoli, Italy
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Bianchi M, Cataldi M. [Closed thoracic trauma. Considerations on surgical treatment of flail chest]. MINERVA CHIR 2000; 55:861-8. [PMID: 11310185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Two cases of thoracic injuries with flail chest are described. Particularly, the indications and management of surgical treatment, of flail chest are discussed. It is important not to reconstitute the anatomic structure of the chest, but to recover the physiological respiratory motion. Today, the first choice is the mechanical ventilation, even if it needs a long period of time and sometimes it has some complications. The surgical treatment is absolute only when other thoracic lesion i.e. massive hemothorax, pulmonary, tracheal and bronchial injuries) joined the flail chest. Often the surgical management follows the ventilation therapy; in these cases, thoracotomy is better made in five or six days after trauma. Today, the Kirschner pins or Judet plates are used for fixation. Sometimes, when injury is considerable synthetic meshes are also used.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bianchi
- Divisione A di Chirurgia Generale, Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedale S. Anna, Como
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Secondo A, Taglialatela M, Cataldi M, Giorgio G, Valore M, Di Renzo G, Annunziato L. Pharmacological blockade of ERG K(+) channels and Ca(2+) influx through store-operated channels exerts opposite effects on intracellular Ca(2+) oscillations in pituitary GH(3) cells. Mol Pharmacol 2000; 58:1115-28. [PMID: 11040061 DOI: 10.1124/mol.58.5.1115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the effects on intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) oscillations of the blockade of ether-a-go-go-related gene (ERG) K(+) channels and of Ca(2+) influx through store-operated channels (SOC) activated by [Ca(2+)](i) store depletion have been studied in GH(3) cells by means of a combination of single-cell fura-2 microfluorimetry and whole-cell mode of the patch-clamp technique. Nanomolar concentrations (1-30 nM) of the piperidinic second-generation antihistamines terfenadine and astemizole and of the class III antiarrhythmic methanesulfonanilide dofetilide, by blocking ERG K(+) channels, increased the frequency and the amplitude of [Ca(2+)](i) oscillations in resting oscillating GH(3) cells. These compounds also induced the appearance of an oscillatory pattern of [Ca(2+)](i) in a subpopulation of nonoscillating GH(3) cells. The effects of ERG K(+) channel blockade on [Ca(2+)](i) oscillations appeared to be due to the activation of L-type Ca(2+) channels, because they were prevented by 300 nM nimodipine. By contrast, the piperazinic second-generation antihistamine cetirizine (0.01-30 microM), which served as a negative control, failed to affect ERG K(+) channels and did not interfere with [Ca(2+)](i) oscillations in GH(3) cells. Interestingly, micromolar concentrations of terfenadine and astemizole (0.3-30 microM), but not of dofetilide (10-100 microM), produced an inhibition of the spontaneous oscillatory pattern of [Ca(2+)](i) changes. This effect was possibly related to an inhibition of SOC, because these compounds inhibited the increase of [Ca(2+)](i) achieved by extracellular calcium reintroduction after intracellular calcium store depletion with the sarcoplasmic or endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase pump inhibitor thapsigargin (10 microM) in an extracellular calcium-free medium. The same inhibitory effect on [Ca(2+)](i) oscillations and SOC was observed with the first-generation antihistamine hydroxyzine (1-30 microM), the more hydrophobic metabolic precursor of cetirizine. Collectively, the results of the present study obtained with compounds that interfere in a different concentration range with ERG K(+) channels or SOC suggest that 1) ERG K(+) channels play a relevant role in controlling the oscillatory pattern of [Ca(2+)](i) in resting GH(3) cells and 2) the inhibition of SOC might induce an opposite effect, i.e., an inhibition of [Ca(2+)](i) oscillations.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Secondo
- Unit of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Cataldi M, Bianchi M. [Septic shock caused by perforation of sigmoid diverticulum into the Retzius space. A case report]. MINERVA CHIR 2000; 55:447-9. [PMID: 11059240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
An uncommon complication of the sigmoid diverticulitis personally observed is described. A woman, 59 years old, presented a septic shock caused by perforated sigmoid diverticulum into the space of Retzius. The diagnosis was carried out by an X-ray of the abdomen that suspected the presence of air in the retroperitoneum and then by barium enema showing a perforation of the sigmoid colon. During laparotomy a perforation of sigmoid diverticulum in to the space of Retzius was observed. So the space of Retzius was opened and then pus and watery exudate containing bubbles of gas were found extended also to the retroperitoneum and the right abdomen wall. The patient was submitted to a sigmoid resection; bowel continuity was restored by circular stapled anastomosis and a temporary colostomy was made. Some drainages were placed into the space of Retzius, into the retroperitoneum and into the peritoneal cavity. Nevertheless the patient died because of the septic shock and the postoperative MOF.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cataldi
- Divisione di Chirurgia Generale, Ospedale S. Anna, Como
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Amoroso S, Gioielli A, Cataldi M, Di Renzo G, Annunziato L. In the neuronal cell line SH-SY5Y, oxidative stress-induced free radical overproduction causes cell death without any participation of intracellular Ca(2+) increase. Biochim Biophys Acta 1999; 1452:151-60. [PMID: 10559468 DOI: 10.1016/s0167-4889(99)00110-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Adding the membrane-permeant oxidant tert-butylhydroperoxide (t-BOOH) to the incubation medium, in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells, induced a marked and progressive concentration-dependent (300, 500 and 1000 microM) increase of free radical production, as evaluated by the fluorescent probe 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) and of the intracellular Ca(2+) ion concentrations [Ca(2+)](i). The removal of extracellular Ca(2+) ions did not prevent t-BOOH-induced [Ca(2+)](i) elevation, whereas the intracellular Ca(2+) ion chelator 1,2-bis(o-aminophenoxy) ethane-N,N, N',N'-tetraacetic acid (BAPTA) (10 microM) was shown to be effective. Both t-BOOH-induced free radical formation and the [Ca(2+)](i) increase were completely prevented by the peroxyl scavenger alpha-tocopherol (50 microM). t-BOOH induced a time-dependent SH-SY5Y cell injury, monitored by a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay (approximately 25% at 1 h, 50% at 3 h, 80% at 5 h) and by fluorescein diacetate (FDA)-propidium iodide (PI) fluorescent staining. The entity of t-BOOH-induced cell damage was the same both in the absence and in the presence of the intracellular Ca(2+) ion chelator BAPTA. By contrast, the peroxyl scavenger alpha-tocopherol (50 microM) completely prevented cell injury due to oxidative stress. Finally, superoxide dismutase (SOD) (500 ng/ml) caused a 30% reduction of t-BOOH-induced 2', 7'-dichlorofluorescein (DCF) fluorescence, whereas it did not modify the extent of cell injury produced by the oxidant. Collectively, the results of the present study demonstrated that in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells, the rise of [Ca(2+)](i) which occurs during oxidative stress is not involved in cell injury. Therefore, oxidative stress-induced cell death may be exclusively attributed to free radical overproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Amoroso
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, 'Federico II' University of Naples, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.
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Cataldi M, Secondo A, D'Alessio A, Taglialatela M, Hofmann F, Klugbauer N, Di Renzo G, Annunziato L. Studies on maitotoxin-induced intracellular Ca(2+) elevation in chinese hamster ovary cells stably transfected with cDNAs encoding for L-type Ca(2+) channel subunits. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1999; 290:725-30. [PMID: 10411584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to characterize the role played by different L-type Ca(2+) channel subunits in [Ca(2+)](i) increase induced by maitotoxin (MTX). In the presence of 5 mM extracellular K(+), MTX (0.01-0.5 ng/ml) induced a significant concentration-dependent increase in Fura-2-monitored [Ca(2+)](i) in single Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells expressing the alpha(1c) (CHOCalpha9 cells) or the alpha(1c)beta(3)alpha(2)delta (CHOCalpha9beta3alpha2/delta4 cells) subunits of voltage-gated Ca(2+) channels (VGCCs), whereas the effect was much reduced in wild-type CHO cells lacking VGCCs. In addition, MTX effect on CHOCalpha9, CHOCalpha9beta3alpha2/delta4, and GH(3) cells (0.01-0.1 ng/ml) was inhibited by the selective L-type Ca(2+) channel entry-blocker nimodipine (10 microM); a nimodipine-insensitive component was still present, particularly at high (>1 ng/ml) toxin concentrations. In CHOCalpha9beta3alpha2/delta4 cells, depolarizing concentrations of extracellular K(+) (55 mM) reinforced the [Ca(2+)](i) increase induced by MTX (0.1 ng/ml), and this effect was prevented by nimodipine (10 microM). Finally, patch-clamp experiments in CHOCalpha9beta3alpha2/delta4 cells showed that low MTX concentrations (0.03 ng/ml) induced the occurrence of an inward current at -60 mV, which was completely prevented by Cd(2+) (100 microM) and by nimodipine (10 microM), whereas the same dihydropyridine concentration (10 microM) failed to prevent the electrophysiological effects of a higher toxin concentration (3 ng/ml). In conclusion, the results of the present study showed that MTX-induced [Ca(2+)](i) elevation involves two components: 1) an action on L-type VGCCs at the pore-forming alpha(1c) subunit level, which is responsible for the greatest rise of [Ca(2+)](i); and 2) a VGCC-independent mechanism that is present both in excitable and in nonexcitable cells and is responsible for a lower elevation of [Ca(2+)](i).
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cataldi
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Cataldi M, Taglialatela M, Palagiano F, Secondo A, de Caprariis P, Amoroso S, di Renzo G, Annunziato L. Effects of manidipine and nitrendipine enantiomers on the plateau phase of K+-induced intracellular Ca2+ increase in GH3 cells. Eur J Pharmacol 1999; 376:169-78. [PMID: 10440102 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-2999(99)00149-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the chirality and type of substitution at position 3 of the dihydropyridine ring influences the pattern of voltage-gated Ca2+ channel blockade. For this purpose, the effect of R- and S-enantiomers of manidipine and nitrendipine, separated by chiral High-Pressure-Liquid-Chromatography columns, were investigated by fura-2 microfluorimetry during the plateau phase of the intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) increase induced by 55 mM K+ and by patch-clamp recording of Ca2+ channel activity in GH3 cells. R- and S-enantiomers of both nitrendipine and manidipine produced a [Ca2+]i decay of the K+-induced plateau phase that followed a biexponential pattern with a 'fast' and a 'slow' phase. The S-configuration of both nitrendipine and manidipine produced a larger [Ca2+]i decrease during the 'fast phase', and a faster and smaller [Ca2+]i decrease in the 'slow phase' than did the R-enantiomers. The S- and R-enantiomers of manidipine, which possess a longer and more lipophilic side chain at position 3 of the dihydropyridine ring, induced a slower [Ca2+]i decrease than that observed with the respective nitrendipine enantiomers. Accordingly, patch-clamp experiments revealed that the S-enantiomers of both dihydropyridines displayed a faster onset of action and produced a greater blockade than the R-enantiomers. These results suggest that the enantiomeric configuration and a small side chain at position 3 of the dihydropyridine ring are factors in the chemical structure which influence the pattern of blockade of voltage-sensitive Ca2+ channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cataldi
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Italy
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Bianchi M, Cataldi M. [Pneumothorax secondary to pulmonary histiocytosis X]. MINERVA CHIR 1999; 54:531-6. [PMID: 10528489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
The authors report a case of pneumothorax in a young man suffering from pulmonary histiocytosis. They take this observation as a starting point for discussing about the so-called "histiocytosis X". The term "histiocytosis" is a term for a variety of proliferative disorders of histiocytes or macrophages. There is a small cluster of conditions characterized by proliferation of a special type of histiocyte called the "Langerhans' cell". The proliferation of Langerhans' cells results from disturbances in immunoregulation. Particularly, there are three clinicopathologic entities: *Letterer-Siwe disease (acute disseminated Langerhans' cells histiocytosis), *multifocal eosinophilic granuloma or Hand-Schüller-Christian disease (multifocal Langerhans' cells histiocytosis), *unifocal eosinophilic granuloma (unifocal Langerhans' cells histiocytosis). In the past, these were collected in the not specific term of histiocytosis X. Most patients with Langerhans' cell granulomatosis have diseases limited to the lung, only a small proportion have extrapulmonary involvement or a systemic disorder. Typically, there are expanding, erosive accumulations of Langerhans' cells within the medullary cavities of bones. In this reported case, a patient, two years before, was affected by osteolytic bone lesion in the left femur. Pulmonary histiocytosis is often seen in smokers in the third and fourth decade of life. The 20% of patients are asymptomatic and found to have an abnormal chest radiograph; a lesser proportion presents with pneumothorax. Some patients develop progressive fibrotic lung disease and respiratory failure. Chest radiographs may show bilateral reticular or reticulonodular infiltrates, sometimes with cystic changes, often with sparing of the costophrenic angles, but high resolution computerized tomography scans may be virtually diagnostic based on the predilection of the cysts and nodules for the upper lung zones. Sometimes the typical Langerhans' cells may be recovered in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with active disease. The combination of the characteristic CT findings and Langerhans' cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid should be diagnostic, decreasing the number of cases requiring for diagnosis open lung biopsy. The differential diagnosis is with sarcoidosis, tbc, diffuse metastases, lymphoma, eosinophilic pneumonia, fibrosing interstitial pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bianchi
- Divisione A di Chirurgia Generale, Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedale S. Anna, Como
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Cataldi M, Secondo A, D'Alessio A, Sarnacchiaro F, Colao AM, Amoroso S, Di Renzo GF, Annunziato L. Involvement of phosphodiesterase-cGMP-PKG pathway in intracellular Ca2+ oscillations in pituitary GH3 cells. Biochim Biophys Acta 1999; 1449:186-93. [PMID: 10082977 DOI: 10.1016/s0167-4889(99)00013-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigates the potential role of the Ca2+-calmodulin-dependent type I phosphodiesterase (PDE)-cGMP-protein kinase G (PKG) pathway in spontaneous [Ca2+]i oscillations in GH3 cells using fura-2 single cell videoimaging. Vinpocetine (2.5-50 microM), a selective inhibitor of type I PDE, induced a concentration-dependent inhibition of spontaneous [Ca2+]i oscillations in these pituitary cells, and at the same time produced an increase of the intracellular cGMP content. The cell permeable cGMP analog N2,2'-O-dibutyryl-cGMP (dB-cGMP) (1 mM) caused a progressive reduction of the frequency and the amplitude of spontaneous [Ca2+]i oscillations when added to the medium. KT5823 (400 nM), a selective inhibitor of cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG), produced an increase of baseline [Ca2+]i and the disappearance of spontaneous [Ca2+]i oscillations. When KT5823 was added before vinpocetine, the PKG inhibitor counteracted the [Ca2+]i lowering effect of the cGMP catabolism inhibitor. Finally, the removal of extracellular Ca2+ or the blockade of L-type voltage-sensitive calcium channels (VSCC) by nimodipine produced a decrease of cytosolic cGMP levels. Collectively, the results of the present study suggest that spontaneous [Ca2+]i oscillations in GH3 cells may be regulated by the activity of type I PDE-cGMP-PKG pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cataldi
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
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Cataldi M, Bianchi M. [Video thoracoscopy in the diagnosis of pleural effusions]. MINERVA CHIR 1999; 54:11-4. [PMID: 10230223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND At present video thoracoscopy is a primary diagnostic procedure in the diagnosis of pleural diseases, particularly when pleural effusions have unknown origin. METHODS In this article the personal experience is reported about 20 patients in which video thoracoscopy was very important in the diagnosis of pleural effusions. RESULTS Thoracoscopy permits to explore the thoracic cavity and to do a lot of biopsies. Video thoracoscopy, made it possible to diagnose 10 cases of malignant mesothelioma, 2 cases of pleural metastases (renal mts and mammary mts) and 8 cases of inflammatory diseases. CONCLUSIONS At last, is laid on the contribution of video thoracoscopy to determine the stage of malignant mesothelioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cataldi
- Divisione A di Chirurgia Generale, Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedale S. Anna, Como
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Colao A, Di Sarno A, Landi ML, Cirillo S, Sarnacchiaro F, Facciolli G, Pivonello R, Cataldi M, Merola B, Annunziato L, Lombardi G. Long-term and low-dose treatment with cabergoline induces macroprolactinoma shrinkage. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1997; 82:3574-9. [PMID: 9360509 DOI: 10.1210/jcem.82.11.4368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Cabergoline (CAB), a long-lasting dopamine-agonist, specific for the D2 receptor, is effective in normalizing serum PRL levels in most patients with microprolactinoma or idiopathic hyperprolactinemia. Because few data are presently available on the effects of CAB treatment in macroprolactinomas, the aim of this open-label study was to investigate whether this drug was effective in producing tumor shrinkage, as well as in normalizing PRL levels. Twenty-three patients with macroprolactinoma entered this study 15 patients had had no treatment, whereas the remaining 8 patients had been previously treated with bromocriptine, which was with-drawn because of intolerance. Three of 23 patients had undergone unsuccessful surgery. Pretreatment serum PRL levels ranged from 100-3860 micrograms/L. CAB was administered at a dose of 0.5-3 mg once or twice a week for 12-24 months. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were performed before and 3, 6, 12, and 24 months after the beginning of treatment, to evaluate tumor shrinkage, defined as a decrease of at least 80% of baseline tumor volume. After 3-6 months of treatment with a low dose (0.5-1 mg/week), serum PRL levels normalized in 18 patients. In the remaining 5 patients, whose serum PRL levels were not normalized, the dose was increased to 2-3 mg/week. This schedule caused the normalization of PRL levels in 1 patient, whereas in the remaining 4 patients, PRL levels were reduced to 30-82 micrograms/L. A tumor volume reduction greater than 80% at MRI occurred in 14 of 23 patients (61%) after CAB treatment (from 2609.4 +/- 534.7 to 530.1 +/- 141.3 mm3 at the 12-24th month follow-up, P < 0.001). A volume reduction of 41.8 +/- 3.4% was already evident after 3 months (1436 +/- 285.9 mm3; P < 0.001). The complete disappearance of the tumor mass at MRI occurred after 6 months of treatment with CAB in 1 patient, and in 5 patients after 1 yr of treatment. An improvement of visual field defects was obtained in 9 of the 10 patients presenting visual impairment before CAB treatment. The drug was tolerated well by all patients. Only 1 patient experienced mild nausea, which disappeared spontaneously after the 2nd day of treatment. Long-term, a low dose of the D2 receptor agonist CAB significantly reduced tumor volume and normalized serum PRL levels in a great majority of patients bearing macroprolactinoma. This treatment met with excellent patient compliance. This study suggests that CAB can be used as a first choice drug treatment in macroprolactinomas, as already shown for microprolactinomas and idiopathic hyperprolactinemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Colao
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Endocrinology and Oncology, Federico II University of Naples, Italy
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Affiliation(s)
- A Dutour
- Laboratoire de Neuroendocrinologie Expérimentale INSERM U 297, Institut Fédératif Jean Roche, Marseille, France
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Smecuol E, Gonzalez D, Mautalen C, Siccardi A, Cataldi M, Niveloni S, Mazure R, Vazquez H, Pedreira S, Soifer G, Boerr LA, Mauriño E, Bai JC. Longitudinal study on the effect of treatment on body composition and anthropometry of celiac disease patients. Am J Gastroenterol 1997; 92:639-43. [PMID: 9128314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This prospective study was designed to assess the nutritional changes associated with the long-term treatment of celiac disease. In addition, we analyzed whether these changes were related to the degree of compliance with a gluten-free diet. METHODS We studied nutritional parameters and body composition in 25 newly diagnosed celiac patients after a mean period of 37 months (range 25-49 months) on a gluten-free diet. Body composition parameters (fat, lean tissue, and bone masses) were measured by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. Anthropometry was measured according to conventional formulas. RESULTS At diagnosis, fat (-49%), lean tissue (-12%), and bone (-24%) compartments were reduced, compared with that of sex- and age-matched controls. After treatment, we noted a significant increase in body weight (p < 0.0001), fat mass (p < 0.0005), bone mass (p < 0.002), and body mass index (p < 0.005). In contrast, we did not observe a significant increase in lean-tissue mass or muscle mass. Patients who adhered strictly to a gluten-free diet experienced a greater, though nonsignificant improvement in fat mass, body weight, and body mass index than patients whose compliance had been partial. Mean caloric intake at the end of the study was significantly lower among those patients who had adhered strictly to a gluten-free diet, compared with those who had complied only partially with the diet (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS This study shows that the institution of a gluten-free diet in celiac disease patients results in a significant improvement in nutritional parameters, as measured by anthropometry and/or body composition. This effect was more pronounced in patients who followed strict gluten restriction and was related mainly to changes in fat and bone compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Smecuol
- Clinical Department, Gastroenterology Hospital, Salvador University, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Bai JC, Gonzalez D, Mautalen C, Mazure R, Pedreira S, Vazquez H, Smecuol E, Siccardi A, Cataldi M, Niveloni S, Boerr LA, Mauriño E. Long-term effect of gluten restriction on bone mineral density of patients with coeliac disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1997; 11:157-64. [PMID: 9042988 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2036.1997.112283000.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
AIM To assess the long-term effect of a gluten-free diet on bone mineral density of adults with untreated coeliac disease. METHODS Bone mineral density was assessed at baseline and after a mean duration of 37 months of treatment in 25 unselected newly diagnosed coeliac patients. RESULTS At baseline, osteopenia (> -1 s.d. below normal) was evident in the lumbar spine and total skeleton in 18 (72%) and 21 (84%) patients, respectively. At the end of the study, bone density had increased (mean bone mass Z-score increase: Z-score +1.0 for the lumbar spine and +1.1 for total skeleton) in 22 and 23 patients, respectively. Patients who adhered to strict gluten restriction (n = 15) demonstrated a similar bone remineralization in the spine than those patients with partial compliance (n = 10) (mean Z-score increase: +1.0, in both areas). A greater mean annual change in Z-score in the total skeleton was noted in patients who followed strict gluten restriction (0.4 +/- 0.1) respect to those with partial compliance (0.3 +/- 0.1); however, this difference was not statistically significant. Pre-menopausal women had significantly greater remineralization that post-menopausals (P > 0.05). Remineralization showed an inverse correlation with the degree of basal osteopenia (r = -0.525; P < 0.002). CONCLUSIONS Long-term treatment with gluten-free diet produces a significant improvement in bone density in coeliac patients. Remineralization was more pronounced in patients who better comply with gluten-free diet, in pre-menopausal women and in patients with the lowest baseline bone mineral density.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Bai
- Clinical Department, Gastroenterology Hospital, Salvador University, Argentina
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Cataldi M, Taglialatela M, Guerriero S, Amoroso S, Lombardi G, di Renzo G, Annunziato L. Protein-tyrosine kinases activate while protein-tyrosine phosphatases inhibit L-type calcium channel activity in pituitary GH3 cells. J Biol Chem 1996; 271:9441-6. [PMID: 8621613 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.271.16.9441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of protein-tyrosine kinase (PTK) and protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) inhibitors on Ca2+ channels in GH3 cells. The activity of Ca2+ channels was monitored either by single-cell microfluorometry or by the whole-cell configuration of the patch-clamp technique. Genistein (20-200 micron) and herbimycin A (1-15 micron) inhibited [Ca2+]i rise induced either by 55 mM K+ or 10 micron Bay K 8644. In addition, genistein and lavendustin A inhibited whole-cell Ba2+ currents. By contrast, daidzein, a genistein analogue devoid of PTK inhibitory properties, did not modify Ca2+ channel activity. The inhibitory action of genistein on the [Ca2+]i increase was completely counteracted by the PTP inhibitor vanadate (100 micron). Furthermore, vanadate alone potentiated -Ca2+-i response to both 55 mM K+ and 10 micron Bay K 8644. The possibility that genistein could decrease the [Ca2+]i elevation by enhancing Ca2+ removal from the cytosol seems unlikely since genistein also reduced the increase in fura-2 fluorescence ratio induced by Ba2+, a cation that enters into the cells through Ca2+ channels but cannot be pumped out by Ca2+ extrusion mechanisms. Finally, in unstimulated GH3 cells, genistein caused a decline of [Ca2+]i and the disappearance of [Ca2+]i oscillations, whereas vanadate induced an increase of [Ca2+]i and the appearance of [Ca2+]i oscillations in otherwise non-oscillating cells. The present results suggest that in GH3 cells PTK activation causes an increase of L-type Ca2+ channel function, whereas PTPs exert an inhibitory role.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cataldi
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Neurosciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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